In an ideal world, people would not test medicines on animals.Such experiments are stressful and sometimes painful for animals, and expensive and time­consuming for peoplE.Yet animal experimentation is still needed to help bridge vast gaps in medical knowledgE.That is why there are some 50 to 100 million animals used in research around the world each year. Europe, on the whole, has the world's most restrictive laws on animal experiments. Even so, its scientists use some 12 million animals a year, most of them mice and rats, for medical research.Official statistics show that just 1.1 million animals are used in research in America each year.But that is misleading.The American authorities do not think mice and rats are worth counting and, as these are the most common laboratory animals, the true figure is much higher.Japan and China have even less comprehensive data than AmericA. Now Europe is reforming the rules governing animal experiments by restricting the number of animals used in labs.Alternatives to animal testing, such as using human tissue or computer models, are now strongly recommendeD.In addition, sharing all research results freely should help to reduce the number of animals for scientific usE.At present, scientists often share only the results of successful experiments.If their findings do not fit the hypothesis being tested, the work never sees the light of day.This practice means wasting time, money, and animals' lives in endlessly repeating the failed experiments. Animal experimentation has taught humanity a great deal and saved countless lives.It needs to continue, even if that means animals sometimes suffer.Europe' s new measures should eventually both reduce the number of animals used in experiments and improve the way in which scientific research is conducteD. 16.What is the main idea of this passage? A.The success of animal experiments should be ensureD. B.Ban on the use of animals in the lab should be enforceD. C.Greater efforts need to be taken to reduce the number of lab animals. D.Scientists should be required to share their research results with each other. 17.Which of the following statements is true about animals used in the lab? A.America uses only about 1.1 million lab animals per year. B.Europe does not use mice and rats as lab animals at all. C.Britain does not use as many lab animals as China does. D.Japan has limited data on the number of lab animals used each year. 18.Which of the following is mentioned as an alternative to replace animal experiments? A.Statistical studies. B.Computer models. C.DNA planted in animals. D.Tissue from dead animals. 19.What usually happens to unsuccessful animal experiments? A.They are not revealed to the publiC. B.They are made into teaching materials. C.They are collected for future publication. D.They are not removed from the research topic list.

AreBaijiDolphinExtinct?DoestheYangtzeRiverstillhavebaijithegracefulgreydolphinwithtinyeyesandalongnarrowbeak?SinceNovember6ateamofscientistsfromChinaSwitzerlandtheUnitedKingdomtheUnitedStatesGermanyandJapanhavebeensearchingforanysignofthefreshwaterdolphinonthemiddleandlowersectionsoftheriver.Aftersixweekstheycamebackempty-handed.WangDingoftheChineseAcademyofScienceswhoistheheadoftheteamsaid.hehasseenasharpdeclineinthebaijipopulationoverthepastfewdecades.HoweverheisstillunwillingtocallthespeciesextinctandaddsWewilltryeveryefforttosavethemaslongastheyarenotfoundtobeextinct.Thebaijiisshyandnearlyblindandisoneoftheworld'soldest.'dolphinspecies.Itdatesbacksome20millionyearsandisfoundonlyintheYangtze.It'slistedasoneofthe12mostendangeredanimalspeciesintheworld.Around400baijiwerebelievedtobelivingintheYangtzeuntilthe1980s.A1997surveyspotted13.Twoyearslatertheirnumbersweredowntotwo.Therapiddisappearanceofthisdolphinoverthepasttwodecadescoincidedwith与同时therapidexpansionofeconomicdevelopmentalongtheriver.Researchonsomedeadbaijicollectedinrecentyearsshowedthatmorethan90percentofthedeathswerecausedbyhumanactivities.Onereasonisthatover-fishinghascutthedolphin'sfoodsources.Damsbuiltalongtheriverandneighboringwaterwayshavealsokeptthemfromswimmingintoandoutoftheirhabitats.Meanwhilewastedischarge排放hasseriouslypollutedtheriver.Andheavyrivertraffichasgreatlyreducedtheirlivingspace.Thedisappearanceofthebaijiwouldbethefirstinstanceofalargeaquaticmammal水生哺乳动物beingdriventoextinctionsincehuntingkilledoffthemonkseal僧海豹around1952.56.BajjidolphinusedtoliveinoftheYangtzeRiver.A.uppersectionsB.middlesectionsC.lowersectionsD.middleandlowersections57.Thefirstparagraphshowswriter's.A.loveofbaijiB.eagernesstowritethepassageC.angerfornothavingabaijiD.dissatisfactionwithourgovernment58.Whichofthefollowingcountriesdidn'tjointheactiontosearchforbaiji?A.England.B.America.C.Japan.D.India59.Howmanybaijidolphinswereleftbytheendoflastcentury?A.400B.13C.Atmost2D.260.Whichofthefollowingreasonsdoesn'tleadtotherapiddisappearanceofbaijidolphins?A.Over-fishing.B.HeavyRoadTraffic.C.Damsbuiltalongtheriver.D.Wastedischarge.

Theairbagisapieceofsafetyequipmentincars.ItwasfirstdesignedbyJohnW.Hetrickin1952.LikemanyinventionshecameupwiththeideaasaresultofaneventthathadoccurredinhislifE.Hesays:Inthespringof1952mywifemyseven-year-olddaughterJoanandIwereoutforaSundaydriveinour1948ChryslerWindsor.AboutthreemilesoutsideNewportwewerewatchingfordeerjumpingacrosstheroaD.Suddenlytherewasalargerockinourpath.Ihitthebrakesandwewentintoaditch壕沟.AsIappliedthebrakesbothmywifeandIthrewourhandsuptokeepourdaughterfromhittingthecar.Therewassoftmudintheditchsothecarwasn’tdamagedandnoonewashurt.DuringtheridehomeIcouldn’tstopthinkingabouttheaccident.Iaskedmyself‘Whycouldn’tsomeobjectcomeouttostopyoufromstrikingtheinsideofthecar?’AssoonasIgothomethatnightIdrewsomesketches草图.EacheveningforthefollowingtwoweeksI’daddorreducesomethingfromthesketches.HetrickappliedaneventhehadobservedwhileintheNavytothedesignoftheairbag.Hewasrepairingatorpedo鱼雷whichhadaclothcovering.Whenthecompressed压缩的airthatwasinthetorpedowasletoutthecoveringwassuddenlyfilledwithairandwasshottotheceiling.WiththisknowledgehedevelopedhisdesignuntilhewasabletoobtainapatentontheinventiononAugust51952.Theideawassimilartotheairbagdesignsoftoday.Compressedairisstoredinacontainerandwhenatrafficaccidentoccursandthecarslowsdownatarapidenoughratetheairwillbereleasedintotheairbag.TheideawasingeniousbutHetrick’sairbagneverwouldhavefunctionedproperly.ItwasreallyabreakthroughbutitwouldrequireyearsandyearsofdesigningandtestingbysometopcardesignersbeforeitcouldbeuseD.66.ThecaraccidentHetrickwasinvolvedin________.A.damagedhiscarB.happenedin1948C.wascausedbyadeerD.causednoharmtohisfamily67.Hetrick’sexperienceintheNavy________.A.turnedouttobedangerousB.washelpfultohisinventionC.involveddesigningtorpedoesD.inspiredhimtodesignanairbag68.Theunderlinedwordingeniousinthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto_______.A.creativeB.ridiculousC.crazyD.complex69.WhatdoweknowabouttheairbagHetrickdesigned?A.Itcameintouseinthe1950s.B.Itperformedperfectlyincaraccidents.C.Itpreparedthewayforairbagsnowadays.D.IttookHetrickabouttwomonthstodevelopit.70.Thetextismainlyabout____.A.thegreatinventorHetrickB.TheinventionofairbagsC.aterriblecaraccidentD.roadsafetyinthe1950s

Salesofelectricbicyclesore-bikesahotiteminconsumergreentechareexpectedtogrowbymorethan50%inNorthAmericaduring2013.ActorWilliamShatnerwhoisnostrangertofuturistictechrecentlypurchasedtwoe-bikesforhimandhiswifE.I’vebeenshoppingforane-bikenowforafewweeksandI’vehadmyeyeonthefoldingelectricbikE.I’vehadfoldingbikesinthepastandlovetheconvenienceofbeingabletothrowmybikeintomycar.Thee–bikemarketisreadytogomainstreamintheU.S.Thepricefore-bikeshascomedowngreatlyinrcccntmonths.AtonetimE.Moste-bikeswithgoodcomponentsandproperweightwereinthe＄3000rangE.Nowyoucanfindreasonablequalityc-bikesinthe＄1000rangE.Withgaspricesatall-timehighse-bikesareanattractivelow-costoptiontogasefficientvehicles.E.-bikeownersarefindingthattheyarcgreatforcommuting每犬往返toworkastraditionalbikescanbeaproblemwithofficedressandsweat.Peoplewhousee-bikesrangefromcommuterstocasualcyclerswholikealittlehelpwithhillsandwindtothosewhodecidedtosavemoneyon.buyingamotorbike.Thesearenotfortheseriousroadcyclerorprofessionalmountainbiker.Ifyou’reconsideringalle—bikeitpaystodosomeresearchfirst.Cheapere-bikesaregoingtobeheavierandhavelessbattery.power.Higherpricedbikeswillbemadefromlightermaterialsandhavebetterbatteries.Anotherconsiderationislocalmotorvehiclelaws.ForexampleaccordingtoUSfederallawaslongasyourelectricbikeisunder750wattsanddoesnotgoover20MPHthenitisabicycleandnotamotorvehicle.Mostconsumere—bikesinthe＄1000rangedon’tfitthemotorizedvehicledescription.66.ThewriterintroducesWilliamShatnerasanexampleinorderto_______________.A.showthatheiswildaboutthefuturetechnologyB.tellusthatheisanagentforthee—bikemarketC.tellusthatactorscareonlyconveniencenothepriceD.showthatc-bikesarereallybecomingpopularnow67.Whichofthefollowingmaynotcontributetothee-bike’sgoingmainstream?A.Thepricefore-bikeshas.comedowngreatly.B.E.-bikesaremuchcheapertousethangasvehicles.C.Thelocalmotorvehiclelawsalenotstrictenough.D.Somefoldinge-bikesareconvenienttoputintoacar.68.Accordingtothetexte—bikesarepracticalfor_______________.A.seriousroadcyclersB.couplesspendingaholidayC.peoplecommutingtoworkD.professionalmountainbikers69.Whichofthefollowingaboute—bikesistrue?A.Thecheapere-bikesareusuallymadeoflightermaterials.B.Mostc-bikesinthe＄l000rangeareabicyclenotamotorvehicle.C.Localmotorvehiclelawdoesn’thaveanylimittoe-bikes.D.E.-bikesinthe＄l000rangearetoocheaptohavebetterbatteries.70.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.E.—bikesalestoshiftintomainstreamin20l3B.E.-bikesthefuturewayoftransportationC.E.—bikesVsgasvehiclesD.E.—bikesactors’firstchoice

WiththeTeslaRoadsterandotherplug­in插入式electricvehicleshittingtheroaddemandisgrowingforaccessiblerefuelingpointstorechargethem.CarbonDayAutomotiveaChicago­basedcompanyhasnowdemonstratedasolar­poweredrechargingpointknownastheSolarPlug­InStationwhichletsmotoristseasilychargetheircarsusingelectricitythathasbeenproducedwithoutanyenvironmentaldamagE.TheSolarPlug­InStationhasgoneonshowinChicagoaspartofthecity’sbidtohostthe2016OlympicGames.AccordingtoCarbonDayAutomotivetheSolarPlug­InStationonshowinChicagoispartofthevitalinfrastructure基础设施requiredforelectricvehiclesinChicagoandwasthefocusofarecentvisitbytheInternationalOlympicCommitteE.Thesesolar­poweredelectricitypointswillbeuseddailytofuelthecity’selectricvehicleswithpowerfromthesun.Byproducingtheelectricityfrompollution­freesolarcelltheCO2emissionsarereducedtozero.SolarenergyandelectricvehiclesareapartnershipthatisonemoresteptoreducingourdependenceonforeignoilsaysRichardLowenthalCEOofCoulombTechnologies.CoulombTechnologiesrecentlydevelopedthecomponents部件requiredforindividualrechargingstationsmarketedasChargePointNetworkedChargingStations.CarbonDayAutomotiveistheMidwestdistributorfortheChargePointstations.TheSolarPlug­InStationconsistsofgiantsolarpanels电池板thatshadethetinyChargePointNetworkedChargingStation.Thesolarpanelisconnectedtoanundergroundbatterypackreadyforeverydayrefueling.WithoutthesestationsitwouldbelikedrivingaroundinatraditionalcarwithouttheavailabilityofgasstationssaysScottEmalfarbCEOatCarbonDay.Thedayoftrueplug­inelectricvehicleswillbeheresoonerthanmostpeoplerealizeandtheworldneedstobereadytoaccommodatethem.66.TheSolarPlug­InStationisusedaspartofthebidtohosttheOlympicsmainlybecause________.A.it’senvironmentallyfriendlyB.itmakesupforthelackofelectricityC.it’sanewideaandattractspeople’sattentionD.itbringsconveniencetoelectricvehicleusers67.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A.torechargetheelectricvehiclestakesalongtimeB.theSolarPlug­InStationwillcomeintousein2016C.theSolarPlug­InStationhasgoneonshowinternationallyD.Chicagoispromotingtheuseofelectricvehicles68.AccordingtothepassagehowmanyofthefollowingstatementsareTRUE?A.TeslaRoadsterisakindofplug­inelectricvehiclE.B.TheSolarPlug­InStationusessolarpowertochargeallofthecars.C.Chicagoisacitywhichisrichinoil.D.TheSolarPlug­InStationconsistsofundergroundbatterypacks.E.ScottEmalfarbisoptimisticaboutthefutureofplug­inelectricvehicles.A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.69.ThepassageimpliesthatwhentheSolarPlug­InStationbecomespopular________.A.morevisitorswillcometoChicagoB.thecitizensofChicagowillbeabletogotoworkfasterC.morespaceforelectricvehicleswillbeneededD.thecostofelectricvehicleswillbelowerthantraditionalcars70.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ChicagoWillSoonBeFullofElectricVehiclesB.ChicagoCallsonPeopletoBuyElectricVehiclesC.ChicagoFightsforItsBidtoHostthe2016OlympicsD.ChicagoShowsItsSolar­poweredRechargingStations

Intoday’sworldalmosteveryoneknowsthatairpollutionandwaterpollutionareharmfultopeople’shealth.Howevernotallknowthatnoiseisalsoakindofpollutionandthatisharmfultohumantoo.Peoplewhoworkandliveundernoisyconditionsusuallybecomedeaf耳聋的.Todayhoweverscientistsbelievethat10%ofworkersinBritainaredeafenedbythenoisewheretheywork.Manyoftheworkerswhoprintnewspapersandbooksandwhoweaveclothbecomedeaf.Quiteafewpeoplelivingnearairportsalsobecomedeaf.RecentlyitwasdiscoveredthatmanyteenagersinAmericacouldhearnobetterthan65-year-oldpeoplefortheseyoungpeopleliketolistentopopmusicandmostofpopmusicisakindofnoisE.Besidesnoiseproducedbyjetplaneormachineswillmakepeople’slifedifficultandunpleasantorevenmakepeopleillorevendrivethemmaD.Itissaidthatacontinuousnoiseofover85decibels分贝cancausedeafness.Nowadaysthegovernmentsinmanycountrieshavemadelawstoreduceorcontrolnoiseandmakeitlessthan85decibels.InChinathepeople’sgovernmentistryingtosolvenotonlyairandwaterpollutionproblemsbutalsothenoisepollutionproblems.45.Intheworldtodaynoteverypersonknows.A.waterpollutionB.airpollutionC.harmfulpollutionD.noisepollution46.Todayscientistsbelievethat.A.90%ofalltheworkersinBritainarenotsufferingfromnoiseB.10%ofalltheworkersinBritainareworkinginnoisyplacesC.10%ofalltheworkersinBritainaredeafenedbythenoisewheretheywork.D.90%ofalltheworkersarefreefromanynoise47.Thosewhousuallyhavepoorerhearing.A.weaveclothB.sellnewspapersC.likelisteningtomusicD.oftentravelbyplane48.Accordingtothepassageacontinuousnoisecanmakeyoudeaf.A.inworkingplacesB.oflessthen85decibelsC.ofover85decibelsD.ofonly85decibels

Ourcathasasweetnatureandshecanletusknowwhatshewants.Whenwefailtomeetherneedsshegentlyleadsusintheproperdirection.WhenIforgettofillherwaterbowlearlyinthemorningsherunsaftermylegsandthenpushesmeinthedirectionofherbowl.Shedoesn’tgetirritated生气的;insteadsheexpressesherwishesinthebestway.AndIalwaysunderstandwhatsheistellingmE.OnedayIfoundmyselfenvying羡慕hersimpleexpression.HowmanytimeshadIexpectedmyhusbandormychildrentoknowmywantswithoutmyevergivingvoicetothem?HowmanytimeshadIbeendisappointedthattheycouldn’tunderstandwhenIneededahugacompliment恭维orachocolatebar?AfterapleasantafternoonwithmyhusbandIwantedtostopsomewhereniceandhavedinnerbuthedidn’tunderstandmyhints暗示.Couldn’tyouseethatIwantedtogoouttodinner?Icomplainedwhenhepulledintoourdriveway.Whydidn’tyousayso?Ican’treadyourmindheansweredinimpatiencE.Hiswordsgavemepause.HadIexpectedhimtoreadmymind?Whyhadn’tIexpressedmydesiremoreclearly?IrealizedIhadfallenintothefemaletrapofIfyoulovemeyoucanreadmyminD.NowIstatemyneedsclearlyanddirectly.Ilookatmycatandknowsheagrees.53.Whywastheauthordisappointedinherhusbandorherchildren?A.Herhusbanddidn’tgiveherahug.B.Herchildrendidn’tgiveherachocolatebar.C.Theydidn’tgiveheracompliment.D.Theydidn’tunderstandherminD.54.Whatwilltheauthordoifshewantssomethingfromherhusbandnow?A.Shewillgivehimherhints.B.Sheletshimguesswhatshewants.C.Shetellshimherneedsdirectly.D.Shebuyswhatshewantsherself.55.Whatcanwelearnfromtheunderlinedsentenceinthefourthparagraph?A.IrealizedwhatIdidwaswrong.B.Istoppedanddidn’tgowithmyhusbanD.C.Myhusbandpreventedmefromgoingon.D.Myhusbandstoppedmefromsayingsomething.

60.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat______.A.catswouldratherplayalonethanwithothersB.catswereborntoplaytricksontheirownersC.manypeoplethinkdogsareman’sbestfriendsD.catssleeplessthananyotheranimaldoes61.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Catsareveryeasytobekeptashousepets.B.Catsneedmoretimetodoexercisethandogs.C.CatsareafraidofgoingoutalonE.D.Catsdon’tliketocleanthemselves.62.Thepassagetellsusthatifacatisleftaloneathomeitwill________.A.stayinitslittleboxB.destroythefurnitureC.bequieterthanusualD.doitsusualactivities63.Inthelastparagraphwecanlearnthatcatsare_______.A.playfulB.cuteC.politeD.noisy

Haveyoueverwonderedwhybirdssing?Maybeyouthoughtthattheywerejusthappy.Afterallyouprobablysingorwhistle吹口哨whenyouarehappy.Doyouknowwhataterritoryis?A.territoryisanareathatananimalusuallythemaleclaims声称asitsown.OnlyheandhisfamilyarewelcometherE.Nootherfamiliesofthesamespecies物种arewelcomE.YouryardandhouseareyourterritorywhereonlyyourfamilyandfriendsarewelcomE.Ifastrangershouldenteryourterritoryandthreatenyouyoumightshout.Probablythiswouldbeenoughtofrightenhimaway.Ifsoyouhaveactuallyscaredthestrangerawaywithouthavingtofighthim.A.birddoesthesamething.Butheexpectsnooutsidersalmostanytimeespeciallyatnesting筑巢season.Soheisscreamingallthetimewhetherhecanseeanoutsiderornot.Thisscreamingiswhatwecallabird’ssonganditisusuallyenoughtokeepanoutsideraway.Birdssingloudestinthespringwhentheyaretryingtoattractamateandwarnothersnottoentertheterritoryoftheirs.Youcanseethatbirdshavealanguageoftheirown.Mostofithastodowithattractingmatesandsettingupterritories.56.Somescientistsbelievethatmostofthetimebirds’singingisactually.A.anexpressionofhappinessB.awayofwarningC.anexpressionofangerD.awayofgreeting57.Whatisabird’sterritory?A.A.placewherefamiliesofotherspeciesareaccepteD.B.A.placewhereabirdmayshoutatthetopofitsvoicE.C.Anareaforwhichbirdsfightagainsteachother.D.Anareawhichabirdconsiderstobeitsown.58.Whydobirdskeeponsingingatnestingseason?A.Becausetheywanttoinvitemorefriends.B.Becausetheirsinginghelpsfrightenoutsidersaway.C.BecausetheywanttofindoutsidersarounD.D.Becausetheirsinginghelpsgetridoftheirfears.59.Howdoesthewriterexplainbirds’singing?A.Bycomparingbirdswithhumanbeings.B.Byreportingexperimentresults.C.Bydescribingbirds’dailylifE.D.Bytellingabird’sstory.60.Wherewillyouprobablyfindthepassage?A.A.textbookB.A.newspaperC.A.sciencereportD.A.guidebook

Foodsometimesgetspoisonedwithharmfulthings.A.personwhoeatssuchfoodcangetanillnesscalledfoodpoisoning.Foodpoisoningisusuallynotseriousbutsometypesaredeadly.ThesignsoffoodpoisoningusuallybeginwithinhoursofeatingthepoisonedfooD.Feverisoneofthemostcommonsigns.Certainmicroorganisms微生物causemosttypesoffoodpoisoning.Bacteriaandothermicroorganismscanpoisoneggsmeatvegetablesandmanyotherfoods.Afterenteringthebodythesetinylivingthingsrelease释放poisonsthatmakepeoplesick.Somechemicalscanalsocausefoodpoisoning.TheyareoftenaddedtofoodwhileitisbeinggrownprocessedorprepareD.Forexamplemanyfarmersspraychemicalsoncropstokillweedsandinsects.Somepeoplemayhaveabadreactiontothosechemicalswhentheyeatthecrops.SomeplantsandanimalscontainnaturalpoisonsthatareharmfultopeoplE.Theseincludecertainkindsofseafoodgrainsnutsseedsbeansandmushrooms.Whenpeoplehandlefoodproperlytheriskoffoodpoisoningisverysmall.Microorganismsmultiplyrapidlyindirtyplacesandinwarmtemperatures.Thismeansthatpeopleshouldnevertouchfoodwithdirtyhandsorputfoodonunwashedsurfaces.Foodshouldbekeptinarefrigeratortostopmicroorganismsfromgrowing.Meatneedstobecookedthoroughlytokillanydangerousmicroorganisms.Peopleshouldalsowashfoodcoveredwithchemicalsbeforeeatingit.FinallypeopleshouldnoteatwildmushroomsorotherfoodsthatgrowinthewilD.Someofthesefoodsmaycontainnaturalmaterialsthatarepoisonoustohumans.Inadditionsometypesoffishcanbepoisonous.Mostpeoplerecoverfromfoodpoisoningafterafewdaysofrestinganddrinkingextrawater.IfpeopleeatnaturalpoisonstheymustgotothehospitalrightawaytohavetheirstomachsemptieD.77.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Foodwhenpoisonedcanmakepeoplesick.B.Foodpoisoningmeansdeath.C.Foodpoisoningcomesinvarieties.D.Foodpoisoningcanbeserious.78.Weknowfromthepassagethatthesymptomsoffoodpoisoning.A.arealwaysaccompaniedbyafeverB.aretoocommontobenotedC.canbenoticedwithinhoursD.canheignored79.FoodpoisoningcanbecausedbyallthefollowingEXCEPT.A.somechemicalsB.lowtemperaturesC.sometinylivingthingsD.certainnaturalmaterials80.FromParagraph5wecanlearnthat.A.mushroomsshouldnotbeeatenB.vegetablesaresaferthanmeatandseafoodC.naturalpoisonsaremoredangerousthanchemicalsD.differenttypesoffoodshouldbehandleddifferently

Manypsychologistsintheearlytwentiethcenturybelievedthathumansuseonly10percentoftheirbrainsandeventhegreatAlbertEinsteinoncewrotethatmostpeopleuseonlyasmallportionofthegreymatterbetweentheirears.It'satheorythathasoftenbeenputforwardintelevisiondocumentaries;magazinesadvertisementsandbooksoverthepastcentury.Butnearlyallscientistsnowagreethe10percenttheoryiscompletelyunfounded.InfacttheyquestionhowthisfigurewaseverarrivedatinthefirstplaceandwhatareasofthebrainaresupposedtobeunneedeD.Thetheorysupposesthatif90percentofthebrainwereremovedapersonwouldStillbeabletofunctionnormallywhileinrealityitisknownthatdamagetoevenasmallareaofthebraincanresultinextremelyseriousphysicalinjurydifferentactivitiesandthatmanyareasofthebrainareusedatthesametimeforsomecomplexactivitiesorthoughtprocesses.Throughoutthecourseofonedaymost.areasofthebrainareactiveatsometimeevenduringsleep.The10percenttheorysuggeststhatcertainareaso'thebrainarenotusedbutscansslowactivitiesthroughouttheentirebrainandnotinanyseparatepart.Thefinalargumentagainstthe10percenttheoryisthefactthatdoctorscarefullymapthebrainbeforeremovingbraincancerssothattheydon'taffectotheressentialareas.Fromanevolutionarypointofviewit'shighlyunlikelybuttourcomparativelylargerbrainswouldhaveevolvedfromourancestorsiftheextraareaswerenotneedeD.Infactthereisabsolutelynoevidencesupportthe10percenttheory.41.Howdidthe10percenttheorygetsuchwidespreadpopularity?A.ItwaspromotedinvarioustypesofcopularmediA.B.AlbertEinsteinarguedstronglyinsupport.C.Itwasproveninscientificresearch.D.Fewpeoplecouldproveitwrong.42.Theunderlinedwordunfoundedischestinmeaningto_________.A.undiscoveredB.unprovenC.unknownD.unnecessary43.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothewriter?A.Weuselessthan10%ofourbrains.B.Mostbraindisordersaffectthesamepartofthebrain.C.Thebrainislessactiveduringtimesofsleep.D.The10percenttheorydoesnotmakeevolutionarysensE.44.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Peopletodayusemoreoftheirbrainthaninthepast.B.ScientificopinionaboutthetopicofbrainuseisequallydivideD.C.Ourunderstandingofthebrainhaschangedgreatlyinthepastdecades.D.Modernscientistshaveacompletepictureofhowthebrainworks.45.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Topresenttwosidesofbraintheory.B.Tocriticizethe10percenttheory.C.Toexplainhowbrainworks.D.Todescribethehistoryofbrainresearch.

WaystoDealwiththeProblemofEnergyTherearedifferentwaysinwhichpeopletrytodealwiththeproblemofenergy.Onewayisthegreaterproductionofcommonenergysourcessuchascoaloilandgas.ThetroublewiththesesourceshoweveristhattheyarenotrenewablE.Anotherwayisenergyconservation节能whichmeansusingenergymoreefficiently.Insomeverycoldcountriespeoplebuildspecialhousestosaveenergy.Theyplacematerialsbetweentheinsideandtheoutsideofthewallsofthehousetokeepthecoldoutandwarmthin.Thehouseisheatedbythelightsthebodyheatofthepeopleandtheotherequipmentinit.Finallyrenewableenergysourcesareusedeventhoughtheyareoftenexpensivetodevelop.Oneformoftheseisgeothermalenergy.Incertainpartsoftheworldthetemperatureoftheearthincreasesthirtydegreescentigratewitheachkilometerdown.Atsixkilometersthereforeitrisestonearly200degrees.TogettheheatwaterispumpeddownintotherocksandbackuptothesurfacE.Heatfromtheearthisalreadyusedincertaincountries.73.Thewritertellsaboutthespecialhousesbecausethey______.A.showtheexcellentskillsofthebuildersB.serveasanexampleoftheenergyconservationC.areheatedbydifferentsourcesofenergyD.arewarmerthanothertypesofenergy74.Theunderlanedwordsgeothermalenergyinthethirdparagraphmean____.A.renewablesourceB.undergroundsourceC.heatinsidetheearthD.temperatureoftheearth75.Ataplacewherethesurfacetemperatureis15degreescentigradehowdeepdoyouhavetodigsoastogetatemperatureof75degreescentigrade?A.Onekm.B.Twokm.C.Threekm.D.Fourkm.

Honey蜂蜜fromtheAfricanforestisnotonlyakindofnaturalsugaritisalsodelicious.Mostpeopleandmanyanimalslikeeatingit.Howevertheonlywayforthemtogetthathoneyistofindawildbees'nest巢andtakethehoneyfromit.Oftenthesenestsarehighupintreesanditisdifficulttofindthem.InpartsofAfricathoughpeopleandanimalslookingforhoneyhaveastrangeandunexpectedhelper一alittlebirdcalledahoneyguidE.Thehoneyguidedoesnotdoesnotactuallylikehoneybutitdoeslikethewax蜂蜡inthebeehives蜂.Thelittlebirdcannotreachthiswaxwhichisdeepinsidethebee’snest.Sowhenitfindsasuitablenestitlooksforsomeonetohelpit.ThehoneyguidegivesaloudcrythatattractstheattentionofbothpassinganimalsandpeoplE.Onceithastheirattentionitfliesthroughtheforestwaitingfromtimetotimeforthecuriousanimalorpersonasitleadsthemtothenest.Whentheyfinallyarriveatthenestthefollowerreachesintogetatthedelicioushoneyasthebirdpatientlywaitsandwatches.SomeofthehoneyandthewaxalwaysfallstothegroundandthisiswhenthehoneyguidetakesitssharE.Scientistsdonotknowwhythehoneyguidelikeseatingthewaxbutitisverydeterminedinitseffortstogetit.Thebirdsseemtobeabletosmellwaxfromalongdistanceaway.Theywillquicklyarrivewheneverabeekeeperistakinghoneyfromhisbeehivesandwillevenenterchurcheswhenbeeswaxcandlesarebeinglit.59.Whyisitdifficulttofindawildbees'nest?A.It'ssmallinsizE.B.It'shiddenintrees.C.It'scoveredwithwax.D.It'shardtorecognizE.60.WhatdothewordsthefollowerinParagraph2referto?A.A.beE.B.A.birD.C.A.honeyseeker.D.A.beekeeper.61.Thehoneyguideisspecialintheway_·A.itgetsitsfoodB.itgoestochurchC.itsingsintheforestD.itreachesintobees'nests62.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WildBeesB.WaxandHoneyC.BeekeepinginAfricaD.Honey-Lover'sHelper

Ifyouwanttostayyoungsitdownandhaveagoodthink.ThisistheresearchfindingofateamofJapanesedoctorswhosaythatmostofourbrainsarenotgettingenoughexercise—andasaresultweareageingunnecessarilysoon.ProfessorTaijuMatsuzawawantedtofindoutwhyotherwisehealthyfarmersinnorthernJapanappearedtobelosingtheirabilitytothinkandreasonatarelativelyearlyageandhowtheprocessofageingcouldbesloweddown.WithateamofcolleaguesatTokyoNationalUniversityhesetaboutmeasuringbrainvolumesofathousandpeopleofdifferentagesandvaryingoccupations.Computertechnologyenabledtheresearcherstoobtainprecisemeasurementsofthevolumeofthefrontandsidesectionsofthebrainwhichrelatetointellect智能andemotionanddeterminethehumancharacter.Therearsectionofthebrainwhichcontrolsfunctionslikeeatingandbreathingdoesnotcontractwithageandonecancontinuelivingwithoutintellectualoremotionalfaculties.Contractionoffrontandsideparts—ascellsdieoff—wasobservedIsomesubjectsintheirthirtiesbutitwasstillnotevidentinsomesixty-andseventy-year-olds.Matsuzawaconcludedfromhisteststhatthereisasimpleremedytothecontractionnormallyassociatedwithage—usingtheheaD.Thefindingsshowingeneraltermsthatcontractionofthebrainbeginssoonerinpeopleinthecountrythaninthetowns.ThoseleastatrisksaysMatsuzawaarelawyersfollowedbyuniversityprofessorsanddoctors.Whitecollarworkersdoingroutineworkingovernmentofficesarehoweveraslikelytohaveshrinkingbrainsasthefarmworkerbusdriverandshopassistant.Matsuzawa’sfindingsshowthatthinkingcanpreventthebrainfromshrinking.BloodmustcirculateproperlyintheheadtosupplythefreshoxygenthebraincellsneeD.ThebestwaytomaintaingoodbloodcirculationisthroughusingthebrainhesaysThinkhardandengageinconversation.Don’trelyonpocketcalculators.36.Theteamofdoctorswantedtofindout________.A.whycertainpeopleagesoonerthanothersB.howtomakepeoplelivelongerC.thesizeofcertainpeople’sbrainsD.whichpeoplearemostintelligent37.Onwhataretheirresearchfindingsbased?A.A.surveyoffarmersinnorthernJapan.B.TestsperformedonathousandoldpeoplE.C.ThestudyofbrainvolumesofdifferentpeopleD.Thelatestdevelopmentofcomputertechnology.38.Thedoctor’stestshowthat________.A.ourbrainsshrinkaswegrowolderB.thefrontsectionofthebraindoesnotshrinkC.sixty-year-oldshavethebetterbrainsthanthirty-year-oldsD.somepeople’sbrainshavecontractedmorethanotherpeople’s.39.ThewordsubjectsinParagraph5means________.A.somethingtobeconsideredB.branchesofknowledgestudiedC.personschosentobestudiedinanexperimentD.anymemberofastateexceptthesupremeruler.40.Accordingtothepassagewhichpeopleseemtoageslowerthantheothers?A.Lawyers.B.Farmers.C.Clerks.D.Shopassistants.

InaworldwithlimitedlandwaterandothernaturalresourcestheharmfromthetraditionalbusinessmodelisontherisE.Actuallythepastdecadehasseenmoreandmoreforestsdisappearingandglobebecomingincreasinglywarm.Peoplenowrealizethatthisunhealthysituationmustbechangedandthatwemustbeabletodevelopinsustainable可持续的ways.Thatmeansgrowthwithlowcarbonordevelopmentofsustainableproducts.Inotherwordsweshouldkeeptheearthhealthywhileusingitssupplyofnaturalresources.Todaysustainabledevelopmentisapopulartrendinmanycountries.Accordingtoarecentstudytheglobalmarketforlow-carbonenergywillbecomethreetimesbiggeroverthenextdecadE.Chinaforexamplehassetitsmindonleadingthatmarkethopingtoseizechancesinthenewroundoftheglobalenergyrevolution.Itisnowtryinghardtomakefulluseofwindandsolarenergyandisspendingahugeamountofmoneymakingelectriccarsandhigh-speedtrains.Inadditionwearealsoseeinggreatgrowthintheglobalmarketsforsustainableproductssuchaspalmoil棕榈油whichisproducedwithoutcuttingdownvaluablerainforest.Inrecentyearsthemarketsforsustainableproductshavegrownbymorethan50%.Governmentscanfullydevelopthepotentialofthesenewmarkets.Firsttheycansethightargetsforreducingcarbonemissions排放andtargetsforsavingandreusingenergy.Besidesstrongerarrangementofpublicresourceslikeforestscanalsohelptospeedupthedevelopment.FinallygovernmentscanavoidthehugeexpensesthataretakingusinthewrongdirectionandredirectingsomeofthoseexpensescanacceleratethechangefromtraditionalmodeltoasustainableonE.Themajorchallengeofthiscenturyistofindwaystomeettheneedsofagrowingpopulationwithinthelimitsofthissingleplanet.Thatisnosmalltaskbutitoffersabundantnewchancesforsustainableproductindustries.62.ThetraditionalbusinessmodelisharmfulbecauseofallthefollowingEXCEPTthat______.A.ItmakestheworldwarmerB.itconsumesnaturalresourcesC.itbringsseveredamagetoforestsD.itmakesgrowthhardtocontinue63.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tointroduceanewbusinessmodel.B.Toadvocatesustainabledevelopment.C.Topredictachangeoftheglobalmarket.D.Tocomparetwobusinessmodels.64.Tofullydevelopthelow-carbonmarketsgovernmentcan______.A.cutpublicexpensesB.forbidcarbonemissionsC.developpublicresourcesD.encourageenergypreservation65.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthatbusinesseshavemanychancesto______.A.developsustainableproductsB.explorenewnaturalresourcesC.makefulluseofnaturalresourcesD.dealwiththemajorchallenge

Dogsandmillionaireshavealotincommon.Theyareabsoluteopportunistsespeciallywhenitcomestorewards.Theydefendtheirterritory地盘.Andingeneraltheydon’tlikecats.Perhapsthatexplainsanewsurveyshowingthatmillionairesarefarmoredog-friendlythantherestofAmericans.AccordingtoastudybySpectremGroup58%ofmillionairepetownershaveadog.Only37%ownacat.Only3%keepfish2%birdsand2%haveahorsE.Similarly39%ofU.S.householdsownadogcomparedto33%ofhouseholdsowningacatreleasedbytheHumaneSocietyJenniferConaatrustandestatesattorney信托和资产律师andpartnerwithGenserSubowGenser&ConainNewYorkdoesalotofworkonpettrusts.Shesaidofallthepettrustsshe’sworkedon90%arefordogsandonly10%areforcats.Shesaiddogsprovideonethingespeciallyimportantforthewealthy:unconditionallovE.Youdon’tgetthatfromacatshesaidDogsarelikechildrenforsomefamiliesexceptthattheydon’tmessupincollegeorrunoffwithmoney.Sometimesit’seasytoseewhydogsarethefavoritechilD.Millionairesshowtheirlovefortheirdogsinpartbytheirspending.Onequarterofmillionairepetownersspendmorethan$1000ayearontheirpetseveryyeartheSpectremstudysaidwhilemorethanhalfspendmorethan$500ayear.Manywouldsaythosenumbersareunderstatedgivenallthediamond-dogcollarsdogfoodsandboomingdogspasinevidencethesedaysnottomentionthemedicalbills.Thesurveyshowed34%ofpetownersspendmoneyondecoratingwhileonly6%spendonsweatersoutfitsandcostumes.Morethanhalfofmillionairepetownersspendmoneyonteethcleaningfortheirpets.Morethan16%meanwhilesaidtheywouldspendmoneyonreconstructivesurgeriesandanti-anxietyanti-depressionmedicationfortheirpets.72.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.MillionaireslikedogsmorethanotherAmericans.B.KeepingdogsaspetsisquitepopularamongAmericans.C.Petdogshelprelievetheirowners’anxietyanddepression.D.Millionairesspendmuchmoneyonteethcleaningfortheirpets.73.FromthesurveybySpectremGroupwecanlearn___________.A.aboutonethirdofAmericanhouseholdsownacatB.morethanhalfofmillionairepetownershaveadogC.millionairepetownersspend$1000ontheirpetsdailyD.34%ofpetownersspendmoneyondogclothing74.What’sthemainreasonwhymillionairesshowgreatlovefortheirdogs?A.Theycanaffordthehighexpensetoraisepetdogs.B.PetdogshavenevermadeamessofthingsarounD.C.Millionairesfeelmoresecureincompanyofdogs.D.Petdogsshowunconditionallovefortheirowners.75.WhatdoesJenniferConaprobablythinkofmillionairesowningpetdogs?A.Ridiculous.B.AcceptablE.C.NegativE.D.Indifferent.

Europe’sdeadlyoutbreakofarareformofE.colibacteria大肠杆菌hasbroughtnewattentiontofoodsafetyissues.Oneoftheproblemswhenpeoplegetsickfromfoodisthatthesimplestquestionisoftendifficultorevenimpossibletoanswer.Justwhatdidthepeopleeatthatmadethemsick?Ofcourseonewaytoavoidthesemedicalmysteriesistokeepdangerousorganismsoutofthefoodsupply.Thisiseasiersaidthandonebutscientistskeeplookingfornewways.ScientistsintheUnitedStateshavedevelopedanexperimentalsystemthatusesahigh-techopticalscanner.Thesystemisdesignedtoidentifythepresenceofcontaminants致污物likesoiloranimalwasteonfreshproducE.ThesecanbesourcesofE.coli.E.colibacterianaturallyliveintheintestines肠ofhumansandmanyanimals.MostkindsofE.coliareharmlessbutsomecanmakepeoplesick.Thenewscannercanalsoshowdamageandimperfectionsthatmightmaketheproduceunappealingtoshoppers.ScientistsdesignedthesystemataDepartmentofAgricultureresearchcenterinBeltsvilleMarylanD.MoonKimoftheAgriculturalResearchServiceledtheteam.MOONKIM:WewererequestedwewereaskedtodevelopamethodtodetectcontaminationinproducE.SowestartedwiththeappleasthemodelsamplE.Thescannerusesahigh-speedcameraplacedovertheconveyerbeltthatmovestheproducealong.Astheapplesmovealongthebeltthescannercapturesimagesofeachpieceoffruit.MoonKimsaystheteamhopesthesystemwillbeavailablebeforelong.MOONKIM:Wearetargetingfordevelopmentincommercialplantsforthenextseveralyears.Thescannercandirectasortingmachinetoseparatethebadapplesfromthegoodones.Thesystemiscurrentlyabletoshowthesurfaceofonlyhalftheappleasitspeedsby.TheinventershopetoimprovetheprocesssoitcanshowthewholesurfacE.57.Whatisthemaintopicofthetext?A.BacteriA.B.A.high-techscanner.C.A.cameraD.Foodsafety.58.E.colibacteria______.A.brokeoutallovertheworldB.comesfromsoiloranimalwasteC.isextremelyharmfultohealthD.doesnotcauseillness59.Thehigh-techscanner______.A.canhelptosortoutdifferentfruitsB.maketheproduceappealtoshoppersC.canonlycaptureimagesofthewholeappleD.canidentifythepresenceofcontaminants60.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.ThescannerneedstobeimproveD.B.Thescannerwillbeavailableinthenextseveralyears.C.MoonKimisunwillingtodevelopthescanner.D.ThescannerisconnectedtoasortingmachinE.

Researchershaveestablishedthatwhenpeoplearementallyengagedbiochemicalchangesoccurinthebrainthatallowittoactmoreeffectivelyincognitive认知的areassuchasattentionandmemory.ThisistrueregardlessofagE.Peoplewillbealert警觉的andreceptiveiftheyarefacedwithinformationthatgetsthemtothinkaboutthingstheyareinterestedin.AndsomeonewithahistoryofdoingmoreratherthanlesswillgointooldagemorecognitivelysoundthansomeonewhohasnothadanactiveminD.Manyexpertsaresoconvincedofthebenefitsofchallenginginthebrainthattheyareputtingthetheorytoworkintheirownlives.TheideaisnotnecessarilytolearntomemorizelargeamountsofinformationsaysJamesFozardassociatedirectoroftheNationalInstituteofAgeing.Mostofusdon’tneedthatkindofskill.Suchspecifictrainingisoflessinterestthanbeingabletomaintainmentalalertness.Fozardandotherssaytheychallengetheirbrainswithdifferentmentalskillsbothbecausetheyenjoythemandbecausetheyaresurethattheirrangeofactivitieswillhelpthewaytheirbrainswork.GeneCohenactingdirectorofthesameinstitutesuggeststhatpeopleintheiroldageshouldengageinmentalandphysicalactivitiesindividuallyaswellasingroups.Cohensaysthatwearefrequentlyadvisedtokeepphysicallyactiveasweagebutolderpeopleneedtokeepmentallyactiveaswell.ThosewhodoaremorelikelytomaintaintheirintellectualabilitiesandtobegenerallyhappierandbetteradjusteD.ThepointisyouneedtodobothCohensays.Intellectualactivityactuallyinfluencesbrain-cellhealthandsizE.50.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.SpecialmentaltrainingforoldpeoplE.B.Biochemicalchangesinthehumanbrain.C.Theinfluenceofintellectualactivitiesonbrain-cellsizE.D.Theimportanceofmentalactivitiesintheefficiencyofthebrain.51.A.personwhoissaidtobecognitivelyhealthyshould________.A.bealertandreceptiveinmindB.whoarehighlyintelligentC.begoodatdoinggroupworkD.rememberlargequantitiesofinformation52.ThefindingsofJamesandotherscientistsintheirwork_________.A.remainatheorytobefurtherprovedB.havebeenchallengedbymanyotherexpertsC.arepracticedbytheresearchersthemselvesD.havebeengenerallyaccepted53.AccordingtoFozard'sargumentpeoplecanmaketheirbrainsworkmoreefficientlyby_________.A.constantlydoingmemoryworkB.makingfrequentadjustmentsC.goingthroughspecifictrainingD.takingpartinvariousmentalactivities54.WhichofthefollowingstatementswouldCohenmostprobablysupport?A.Olderpeopleshouldkeepmentallyactivebychallengingtheirbrains.B.Nomatterwhetheritisdoneingrouporalonementalactivityisalwaysgoodforbrain-cellhealth.C.Physicalstrengthismoreimportanttoolderpeoplethanmentalhealth.D.Peoplewhoengageinmorementalactivitiesbutlessphysicalonesarealwayshappier.

ForgetfamousgoalcelebrationsuchasTheRobotbyPeterCrouchandTheDivebyJuergenKlinsmannherecomestheSouthAfricanDiskidance.TheDiskidancewhichisperformedthroughheadingandkickinganimaginaryballmaybeagoalcelebrationtowatchinthefollowingmatches.SouthAfrica’sSiphiweTshabalalaandhisteammatesperformedthisdifferentdancewhentheycelebratedhisgoalagainstMexicointheopeningWorldCupgameonFriday.ThedanceisalreadypopularonYouTubeandmanysoccerfansmaywanttolearnthemoves.EvenSouthAfrica’sPresidentJacobZumahaslearnttheDiskidancewhichcouldbebetterthanCameroonRogerMilla’scornerflagdancecelebrationinthe1990FIFAWorldCup.USactorJohnTravoltaperformedthedanceshortlyafterlandinghisBoeing707atLanseriaairportnorthofJohannesburgonWednesdaymorning.Goalcelebrationsarenowpartofthebiggestsportingeventandplayersplantheminadvancejustincasetheyfindthebackofthenet.Infootballagoalcelebrationisthepracticeofcelebratingthescoringofagoal.Thecelebrationmaybeperformedbythegoal-scorerhisorherteammatesthemanagerorcoachesandthesupportersoftheteam.TheRobotgoalcelebrationwassopopularthatEnglandfansweresurprisedwhenCrouchanEnglishinternationalfootballersaidthathewouldn’tbedoingitanymoreunlessEnglandwontheWorldCup.ThewordDiskiisthewordusedbythelocalpeopleforsoccerandmayalsodescribethelocalstyleoffootballwhichfocusesondribbling带球andothertricks.63.BesidesDiskidancehowmanytypesofgoalcelebrationsarementionedinthepassage?A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.64.TheunderlinedpartfindthebackofthenetinParagraph4means.A.scoreagoalB.winthematchC.takearestD.takepartinamatch65.WhatdowelearnaboutthewordDiski?A.Ithasbecomethemostpopularsportswordintheworldnow.B.Itwasusedtoshowhowpeopleweregoodatdribbling.C.Itwasusedtodescribeafootballwhichwasimaginedbyfootballers.D.ItwasprobablymainlyusedinSouthAfricabeforetheSouthAfricaWorldCup.66.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Allthefootballersshouldhavetheirowngoalcelebrations.B.Goalcelebrationsplayanimportantroleinfootballgames.C.FamousgoalcelebrationsallappearedintheWorldCupgames.D.Footballersoftendon’tplantheirgoalcelebrationsaheadoftimE.

Doyouknowwhydifferentanimalsorpestshavetheirspecialcolors?Theircolorsinthemseemtobeusedmainlytoprotectthemselves.Somebirdslikeeatinglocusts蝗虫butbirdscannoteasilycatchthem.Why?Itisbecauselocustschangetheircolorstogetherwiththechangeofthecolorsofcrops庄稼.Whencropsaregreenlocustslookgreen.ButastheharvesttimecomeslocustschangetothesamebrowncolorascropshavE.Someotherpestswithdifferentcolorsfromplantsareeasilyfoundandeatenbyothers.Sotheyhavetohidethemselvesforlivesandappearonlyatnight.Ifyoustudytheanimallifeyou’llfindthemainuseofcoloringistoprotecttheanimalsthemselves.Bearslionsandotheranimalsmovequietlythroughforests.Theycannotbeeasilyseenbyhunters.Thisisbecausetheyhavethecolorsmuchlikethetrees’.Haveyouevernoticedanevenstrangeract?A.kindoffishintheseacansendoutakindofveryblackliquid液体whenitfacesdanger.Whiletheliquidspreadsover散开itsenemiescannotfindit.Anditimmediatelyswimsaway.Soithasliveduptonowthoughitisnotstrongatall.61.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthatlocusts________.A.aresmallanimalsB.areeasilyfoundbybirdsC.aredangeroustotheirenemiesD.changetheircolorstoprotectthemselves62.Howcanpestswithdifferentcolorsfromplantskeepthemselvesoutofdanger?A.Theyrunawayquickly.B.Theyhavethecolorsmuchliketheirenemies’.C.Theyhidethemselvesbythedayandappearatnight.D.Theyhavetomovequietly.63.Bearsandlionscankeepsafebecause_________.A.theyhavethecolorsmuchlikethetreesB.theymovequietlyC.theylikebrownandgraycolorsD.theyliveinforests64.Whycanthekindoffishliveuptonow?A.Becauseitisverystrong.B.Becausetheliquiditsendsoutcanhelpitescapefromitsenemies.C.Becausetheliquiditsendsoutcankillitsenemies.D.Becauseitswimsfasterthananyotherfish.65.Whichisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.TheChangeofColorsforAnimalsandPestsB.ColorsofDifferentAnimalsandPestsC.TheMainUseofColorsforAnimalsandPestsD.SomeAnimalsandPests

Itisdifficulttoimaginewhatlifewouldbelikewithoutmemory.Themeaningsofthousandsofwordsthebasesforthedecisionswemakeandtherootsofourhabitsandskillsaretobefoundinourpastexperienceswhicharebroughtintothepresentbymemory.MemorycanbeconsideredastheabilitytokeepinformationavailableforlaterusE.Itincludesnotonlyrememberingthingslikemathsorhistoricalfactsbutalsoinvolves包括anychangeinthewayananimalacts.MemoryisinvolvedwhenaratgivesupeatinggrainbecausehehassmeltsomethingdifferentinthegrainpilE.Memoryisalsoinvolvedwhenasix-year-oldchildlearnstoswingabaseballbat.Memoryexistsnotonlyinhumansandanimalsbutalsoinsomephysicalobjectsandmachines.ComputersforexamplecontainequipmentforstoringdataforlaterusE.Itisinterestingtocomparethememory-storageabilityofacomputerwiththatofahumanbeing.Theinstant-accessmemory快速记忆teenagerprobablyrecognizesthemeaningsofabout100000wordsofEnglish.Howeverthisisonlyapieceoftotalamountofinformationwhichtheteenagerhas.Forexampletheteenagercanrecognizealargenumberoffacesandplaces.Theuseofwordsisthebasisoftheadvancedproblem-solvingintelligenceofhumanbeings.Alargepartofaperson’smemoryisintermsofwordsandcombinations组合ofwords.66.Accordingtothepassagememoryisconsideredtobe.A.thebasisfordecisionmakingB.anabilitytostoreinformationforfutureuseC.anabilityownedonlybyhumanbeingsD.thedatamainlymadeupofwords67.FromParagraph3wecanknowthat.A.thecomputer’smemoryhasalittlebiggerabilitythanateenager’sB.thecomputer’smemoryabilityisthesameasateenager’sC.thecomputer’smemoryabilityismuchsmallereventhanateenager’sD.thecomputer’smemoryabilityisassmallasateenager’s68.Thewholepassageimplies暗示that.A.onlyhumanbeingcansolveproblemsB.aperson’smemoryisdifferentfromacomputer’sineverywayC.animalscanonlysolveverysimpleproblemsD.animalssolveproblemsbyintelligence69.Inpeople’smemory________playthemostimportantpartinsolvingproblems.A.languageB.skillsC.experiencesD.habits70.Themainideaofthispassageis.A.lifewillnotchangewithoutmemoryB.memoryisofgreatimportancetolifeC.howaperson’smemoryisdifferentfromacomputer’sD.whatiscontainedinmemory

Therapidgrowthofcitiesworldwideoverthenexttwodecadeswillcausesignificantriskstopeopleandtheglobalenvironmentaccordingtoanalysis.ResearchesfromYaleandStanfordpredictthatby2030urbanareaswillexpandby590000squaremiles—nearlythesizeofMongolia—tomeettheneedsof1.47billionmorepeoplelivinginurbanareas.ItislikelythatthesecitiesaregoingtobedevelopedinplacesthatarethemostbiologicallydiversesaidKarenSetoafamousscientistatYaleUniversity.Theyaregoingtobegrowingandexpandingintoforestsbiologicalhotspotssavannas热带稀缺大草原coastlines—sensitiveandvulnerableplaces.Urbanareastheyfoundhavebeenexpandingmorerapidlyalongcoasts.OfalltheplacesforcitiestogrowcoastsarethemostsensitivE.PeopleandbuildingsalongthecoastareatriskoffloodingandotherenvironmentaldisasterssaidSeto.ThestudyprovidesthefirstestimateofhowfasturbanareasgloballyaregrowingandhowfasttheymaygrowinthefuturE.WeknowalotaboutglobalpatternsofurbanpopulationgrowthbutweknowsignificantlylessabouthowurbanareasarechangingshesaiD.Changesinlandcoverassociatedwithurbanizationleadtomanyenvironmentalchangesfromhabitatslossandagriculturallandconversion转化tochangesinlocalandregionalclimatE.Theresearchersexaminedstudiesthatusedsatellitedatatomapurbangrowthandfoundthatfrom1970to2000theworld’surbanfootprinthadgrownbyatleast22400squaremiles—halfthesizeofOhio.ThisnumberisnumerousbutinactualityurbanlandexpansionhasbeenfargreaterthanwhatouranalysisshowsbecauseweonlylookedatthepublishedstudiesthatusedsatellitedatasaidSeto.Wefoundthat48ofthemostpopulatedurbanareashavebeenstudiedusingsatellitedatawithfindingsinjournals.Thismeansthatwe’renottrackingthephysicalexpansionofmorethanhalfoftheworld’slargestcities.HalfofurbanlandexpansioninChinaisdrivenbyarisingmiddleclasswhereasthesizeofcitiesinIndiaandAfricaisdrivenprimarilybypopulationgrowth.RisingincomestranslateintorisingdemandforbiggerhomesandmorelandforurbandevelopmentwhichhasagreateffectonbiodiversityconservationslossofcarbonsinksandenergyusE.51.Accordingtothepassagethemostdangerousplaceforcityexpansionisthe_____.A.forestB.desertC.savannasD.coastline52.TheunderlinedwordvulnerableinParA.3probablymeans____.A.diverseinplantsB.beautifulinsceneryC.easilydamagedD.veryproductive53.FromParA.5wecaninferthat____.A.urbanizationisagoodwaytoimprovepeople’sstandardsoflivingB.citiesdevelopveryfastandmoreandmorepeoplecometoliveincitiesC.moreandmoreagriculturalfarmlandsareusedtomakeroomforlocalanimalsD.inthepastresearchersfocusedtheirattentionontheexpandingurbanareas54.CitiesinAfricabecomebiggerandbiggermainlybecauseoftheir____.A.growingpopulationB.risingmiddleclassC.uniquelivingpatternsD.economicdevelopment

Onecauseofthecurrentfoodcrisisisdrought.FoodpricesarehighinpartbecauseofdryweatherinplacesasfardistantasSpainandAustralia.Aroundtheworldtheamountoflandaffectedbydroughthasdoubledinthepastthirtyyears.AndscientistsconcernedaboutclimatechangebelieveitwillcausemoredroughtinmanyareasinthefuturE.Alotofresearchisgoingintoeffortstodevelopdrought-resistantcrops.Oneprojectinvolvestobaccoplantsgeneticallyengineeredtokeeptheirleavesduringwatershortages.Theychosetobaccobecauseithasbigleaves.Alsoitgrowsfastandhasstructuralsimilaritieswithsomeotherplants.Theresearchersdidanexperimentwithtwogroupsoftobaccoplants.Theyworkedwithasetofnormalplantsandasetoftransgenicplants.Thesehadageneaddedtointerferewiththebiologicalcausesofleaflossduringdrought.Theresearchersputalltheplantsinagreenhousetogrowundernormalconditionsforfortydays.Thenforfifteendaysafterthattheplantsdidnotreceiveanywater.Thenormalplantslosttheirgreencolor.Finallytheylosttheirleaves.Buttheresearcherssaythetransgenicplantskepttheirleavesandtheircolor.Afterthefifteendrydaysalltheplantswerewateredagainforaweek.Thetransgenicplantsreturnedtonormalgrowthandtheirseedproductionwasclosetonormal.ButtheotherplantsalldieD.Inadditiontheresearchersfoundthattheplantscouldsurviveononlythirtypercentofthenormalamountofirrigationwater.YieldlosswasminortheysaiD.Thefindingsappearedlate2007intheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.TheUniversityofCaliforniahasappliedforpatentprotectionforthetechnology.TheresearchersexpecttomoveforwardwithfieldtestingofthetransgenictobaccoinlateAugust.Theyhopeforsimilarresultswithcropsliketomatoesricewheatandcotton.71.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph1that_______A.theamountoflandaffectedbydroughthasdoubledinthepastthirtyyearsintheworldB.droughtistheonlycausetoleadtothecurrentfoodcrisis.C.foodpriceswillbehigherinthefuturewiththedroughtareasextendingD.foodpriceshasnothingtodowiththeclimatechangeintheworld72.Oneprojectchoosestobaccoplantsbecause__________A.plantingtobaccocanbringingreatprofits.B.tobaccoplantshavelargeleavesandstructuralsimilaritieswithsomeotherplantsC.tobaccoplantsgrowsfastD.BothB.andC.73.Fromthebeginningtotheendtheexperimentwithtwogroupsoftobaccoplantslastsforatleast_______daysA.40B.55C.62D.7774.Theconclusiontheycandrawintheexperimentisthat________A.thetwogroupsoftobaccoplantsarethesamedrought-resistantcrops.B.thetransgenicplantscanreturntothenormaltobaccoplantsC.thetransgenicplantsneedmorewaterthanthenormalonesD.thetransgenicplantsneedlesswaterandthedecreaseofproductionissmall75.Thenextaimoftheexperimentis______A.toapplyforpatentprotectionforthetransgenictechnologyB.toincreasetheproductionofthetransgenicplantsC.tohopeforsimilarresultswithothercrops.D.tomoveforwardwithfieldtestingofthetransgenictobacco

SnowfallsintheEarth’sextremeNorthandSouththroughouttheyear.Howevertheheaviestsnowfallshavebeenreportedinthemountainsofotherareasduringwinter.SnowisevenknowntofallneartheEquator赤道butonlyonthehighestmountains.Snowcontainsmuchlesswaterthanrainbutmuchofthewatertheworldusescomesfromsnow.Meltingsnowprovideswaterforriverselectricpowerstationsandagriculturalcrops.InthewesternUnitedStatesmountainsnowprovidesuptoseventy-fivepercentofallsurfacewatersupplies.Snowfallhelpstoprotectplantsandsomewildanimalsfromwinterweather.Freshsnowismadelargelyofairtrappedamongthesnowcrystals晶体.BecausetheairhastroublemovingthemovementofheatislimiteD.Snowalsoinfluencesthemovementofsoundwaves.Thesurfaceofthesnowtakesinorabsorbssoundwaves.Assnowgrowsolderoriftherehavebeenstrongwindsitcanbecomehardandflat.Thenthesnowssurfacewillhelptosendbacksoundwaves.Snowmaybebeautifulbutitcanbedeadly.ItisresponsibleforthedeathsofhundredsofpeoplE.Manypeopledieintrafficaccidentsonroadscoveredwithsnowandiceorfrombeingseriouslystuckinthewinterstorm.OthersdiefromheartattackscausedbytoomuchphysicalactivityoutinthecolD.Peoplemaynotbeabletoavoidlivinginareaswhereitsnowsoften.Howevertheycanavoidbecomingvictimsofsnowstorms.PeopleshouldstopdrivingandstayathomeuntilthestormhaspasseD.PeoplelivingintheseareasshouldcarryemergencysuppliesintheirvehiclE.Theseincludefoodemergencymedicalsuppliesandextraclothingtostaywarmanddry.72.Mountainsnowfall_____.A.isheavierthanthatintheSouthandtheNorthPolesB.hasneveroccurredneartheEquatoroftheearthC.bringslessofthewatertheworldusesthanraindoesD.providesuptoseventy—fivepercentofwatersuppliesworldwide73.Snowprotectsplantsandwildanimalsfromcoldweatherby_____.A.supplyingmuchmoreairB.limitingheatmovementC.absorbingstrongwindsD.sendingbacksoundwaves74.Snowcanbedeadlymainlybecauseitcan_____.A.causeroadaccidentsB.makepeoplestuckinwinterstormsC.leadtoheartattacksD.makepeoplevictimsofsnowstorms75.Whatwillthetextprobablytellusfollowingthelastparagraph?_.A.HowtodriveduringsnowstormsB.WherewecangetemergencysuppliesC.HowtopreventheartattacksoutincoldD.Whyweshouldstaywarmanddryinwinter

Manypeoplehavebeentalkingaboutthewayinwhichtheworldwillcometoanendin2012.EverybodywantstofindoutifDecember212012isthelastdayoftheearth.TherumorhasalreadybeenspreadingforaverylongtimE.TheMayan’spredictionscanaccountfortherumor.Accordingtotherumortheearthwillexperiencedramaticchangesin2012andthechangeswillbedisastroustoallofthelivingcreaturesonearth.ItiswidelyassumedthataPlanetXwillreturntoorbitthesolarsystem.ThereturnofPlanetofPlanetXwillhaveadestructiveeffectonthesolarsystemaswellasonsomeplanetsincludingtheNeptune海王星theJupiter木星andtheearth.PlanetXwillcrossintotheirorbits.There’sapossibilitythatJupiterwillchangeintoalittlesunatthistimesofolkswillbewellplacedtoseetwosunsintheskyin2012.Thesolarflares耀斑thatoccurinal1-yearcyclewillreachtheirhighestpointin2012.Thepowerfulsolarflareswillaffectthemagneticfieldoftheearthandcausedisasters.OnDecember212012thesunandtheearthwilllineupinthesamelineattheequator赤道Thewintersolstice冬至onlyoccursonceevery25800years.Theeventsintheuniversearesignalsthattheworldwillcometoanend.Asaresultofthesolarflareslotsofdisasterswillhappenthatwilldestroythefaceofthewholeearth.ScientistsaremakingtheguessprimarilybasedontheMayanLongCourtCalendar.ManyfilmshavebeenmadeabouttheendoftheworldincludingEndGamebyAlexJonesandEndClockNostradamus2012.Theformerprovidesinsightsaboutthewaytheworldwillbecomeonestate.Aftertheworldgovernmentisinplaceit'sgoingtobeeasytoexterminate80％ofthepeopleintheworld.Therestwillcontinuetolivewithassistancefromadvancedtechnology.NooneknowswhethertheworldwillendonDecember212012Thereisnoclearansweruntilthedayarrives.JustastheMayansclaimsitwillnotbethetimefortheworldtoend.Instead.itwillbethedawnofafleshstart.66.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Informationaboutend-of-the-worldpredictions.B.Differentopinionsaboutend-of-the-worldpredictions.C.Somedoubtsaboutend-of-the-worldpredictions.D.Destructiveeffectsoftheendoftheworld.67.WhichofthefollowingthingswillNOThappeniftheendoftheworldreallyhappens?A.Humanswillseetwosunsatthesametime.B.Theearthwilllookcompletelydifferent.C.Theearthandthemoonwilllineupinthesameline.D.Thesolarflareswillbecomestrongerthanbefore.68.TheunderlinedwordexterminateinParagraph3probablymeans.A.saveB.killC.helpD.rule69.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.InthefilmEndClockNostradamus2012.theworldwillberuledbyonegovernment.B.Accordingtothetexttherumorof2012wasfromtheMayan’spredictions.C.Peoplein2012mayseetwosunsofwhichoneisNeptuneofnowadays.D.In2012.PlanetXwillbreakintheorbitofsolarsystemforthefirsttime.70.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetotherumorthattheworldwillend?A.Optimistic.B.Sad.C.Unconcerned.D.Scared.

Catsarecreaturesofhabit.TheyliketogotosleepaboutthesametimeeverydayandforacertainlengthoftimE.Theyseemtohaveanaturalclockinsidethemthattellsthemwhentosleep.Catsincreasetheirregularsleepwithoccasionalcatnaps打盹.Someexpertsfeelthathumanscouldalsobenefitfromthishabit.Catnapshelptobuildupenergyinthebody.Theyarealsoagoodwaytogetridoftrouble!Sincecatshavethesamemoods情绪ashumanssomeexpertsbelievethatpeoplecanimprovetheirmoods.Peoplemightbecomehappier.A.numberoffamouspeoplehavecopiedcatsbytakingcatnapsduringtheday.Thenapswouldusuallylastfrom15to30minutes.WinstonChurchilltookcatnaps.SodidPresidentsHarryTrumanJohnF.KennedyandLyndonB.Johnson.Thesefamousmenwereknownfortheirenergy.Theywerealsoabletoworklonghoursoftenintothenight.Nappingwastheirsecret.73.Fromthisselectionweknowthatcats________.A.donothaveregularsleepB.haveoccasionalsleepaswellasnapseverydayC.takenapstoaddtotheirregularsleepD.takenapswhentheyarenothappy74.Takingcatnaps________.A.willmakeapersonlazyandtriedB.isabadhabitC.willmakepeoplefeelbetterD.canhelppeopletobecomefamous75.Napsusuallylast________.A.threehoursB.lessthanhalfanhourC.forty-fiveminutesD.fifty-fiveminutes76.Thisselectionwasprobablywrittento________.A.showhowlazycatsareB.talkaboutthehabitsofcatsC.tellaboutfamouspeopleandtheirhabitsD.persuadepeopletotakenaps

TheNationalGalleryDescription:TheNationalGalleryistheBritishnationalartmuseumbuiltonthenorthsideofEuropeanartrangingfrom13th-centuryreligiouspaintingstomoremodernonesbyRenoirandVanGogh.TheoldercollectionsofthegalleryarereachedthroughthemainentrancewhilethemoremodernworksintheEastWingaremosteasilyreachedfromTrafalgarSquarebyagroundfloorentranceLayout:ThemodernSainsburyWingonthewesternsideofthebuildinghouses13th-to15th-centurypaintingsandartistsincludeDuccioUccelloVanEyckLippiMantegnaBotticelliandMemling.ThemainWestWinghouses16th-centurypaintingsandartistsincludeLeonardodaVinciCranachMichelangeloRaphaelBruegelBronzinoTitanandVeronest.TheNorthWinghouses17th-centurypaintingsandartistsincludeCaravaggioRubensPoussinVanDyckVelazquezClaudeandVermeer.TheEastWinghouses18th-toearly20th-centurypaintingsandartistsincludeCanalettoGoyaTurnerConstableRenoirandVanGoghOpeningHours:TheGalleryisopeneverydayfrom10amto6pmFridays10anmto9pmandisfreebutchargesapplytosomespecialexhibitions.GettingThere:Nearestundergroundstations:CharingCross2-minutewalk.LeicesterSquare3-minutewalkEmbankment7-minutewalkandPiccadillyCircus8-minutewalk.68.Inwhichcentury’scollectioncanyouseereligiouspaintings?A.The13thB.The17thC.The18thD.The20th69.WhereareLeonardodaVinci’sworksshown?A.IntheEastWing.B.InthemainWestWing.C.IntheSainsburyWing.D.IntheNorthWing.70.WhichundergroundstationisclosesttotheNationalGallery?A.PiccadillyCircus.B.LeicesterSquarE.C.Embankment.D.CharingCross.

Noonecanchangetheweather.Nobodycancontroltheweather.ButifwereadcorrectlythesignsarounduswecantellwhatthemoreimportantchangesintheweatherwillbE.Thiswayoftellingwhattheweatherwillbelikeonthefollowingdayortwoiscalledweatherforecasting天气预报.Formanycenturiesandinallcountriespeoplehavestudiedtheweatherandtriedtomakeweatherforecasting.Ringsaroundthesunareasignofcomingrain.Thatmanypeoplefeeltheirjoints关节hurtisasignofwetweather.Somebirdsflyhighiffineweatheriscomingbuttheyflynearthegroundifrainyorstormyweatherisontheway.IfyouseearainbowduringrainyweatherthisisasignthattheweatherwillbecomeclearandfinE.Suchrainbowscomeintheevening.IfthestarstwinkleclearlyatnightthenfineweatherwillcontinuE.Ifafogappearsinthemorningjustaboveariverthenthedaywillbewarm.IfthesunsetismostlyredincolourthenthefollowingdaywillbefinE.IfarainbowappearsinthemorningrainyweatherwillprobablycomE.Mostoftheabovesayingshavebeenmadebythepeoplewhohaveusedtheireyesandbrainstomakeweatherforecasting.61.Whichistrueaboutweatherforecasting?A.WeatherforecastingisawayoftellingwhattheweatherwillbelikE.B.Weatherforecastingisareportabouttheweather.C.Weatherforecastingisasignofcomingrain.D.Peoplecanchangetheweatherforecasting.62.Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedheretoreplace取代theunderlinedphraseontheway?A.away.B.gonE.C.coming.D.disappearing.63.Whenyouseethestarstwinkleclearlyatnighttheweatherwillbe_______.A.clearandfineB.warmC.rainyD.cold64.Whichofthefollowingsignscantelltheweatherwillprobablyberainy?A.Somebirdsflyhigh.B.A.rainbowappearsinthemorning.C.Thesunsetismostlyredincolour.D.Fogsappearinthemorningjustaboveariver.65.Wemust__________tomakeweatherforecasting.A.useoureyesandbrainsB.studytheweatherhardC.readcorrectlythesignsD.Alloftheabove

Sincethebeginningoftimemanhasbeeninterestedinthemoon.TheRomansdesignedaspecialdaytoshowadmirationandrespecttothemoon.TheycalleditMondayorMondayasweknowittoday.LaterthegreatmindofLeonardodaVincistudiedthemoonanddesignedamachinetocarryahumantothemoon.Leonardosaidthatonedayagreatmachinebirdwouldtakeapersontothemoonandbringgreathonourtothehomewhereitwasborn.FourandahalfcenturieslaterLeonardo’sideawasrealized.ApolloⅡtookthreeAmericansCollinsAldrinandArmstrongtothemoon.Themission任务didfillthewholeworldwithgreatsurpriseasLeonardohadsaiditwould.Numerousmanyessaysarticlesandbookswerewrittenaboutman’sfirstmoonmission.Butperhapsthemostinterestingstorywasonewrittenbeforetheeventover100yearsbefore.In1865FrenchauthorJulesVernewroteastoryaboutthefirstjourneytothemoon.Hisstorywasverysimilartothe1969ApolloⅡmission.Verne’sspacecraftalsocontainedthreemen—twoAmericansandaFrenchman.ThespacecraftwasdescribedasbeingalmostthesamesizeasApolloⅡ.Thelaunch发射siteinVerne’sstorywasalsoinFlorida.ThespacecraftinVerne’sstorywasnamedtheColumbiad.TheApolloⅡcommandshipwascalledColumbia.HisaccountdescriptionofsendingthespacecraftintothespacecouldeasilyhavebeenwrittenabouthowApolloⅡwassentintothespace.Verne’sstorywasthesameastheactualeventinseveralotherrespects方面.ThespeedofVerne’sspacecraftwas36000feetpersecond;Apollo’swas35533feetpersecond.Verne’sspacecrafttook97hourstoreachthemoon;Apollo’stimewas103hours.LikeApollo’sspacemenVerne’sspacementookpicturesofthemoon’ssurfacerelaxedontheirseatscookedwithgasandexperiencedweightlessness.TheytwocamedowninthePacificandwerepickedupbyanAmericanwarship.WhatwerethereasonsforJulesVerne’sextremeaccuracy精确indescribinganevent100yearsormorebeforeitactuallyoccurred?Hebasedhiswritingsonthelawsofphysicsandastronomy.Nineteenth-centuryscienceandthevividclearVerne’simaginationgavepeopleanunbelievablyaccurateexactpredictionofoneofthegreatesteventsofthe20thcentury.72.JulesVernewrotehisstoryofaman’svisittothemoonabout_________.A.100yearsbeforetheApolloⅡmissionB.10yearsbeforetheApolloⅡmissionC.fourandonehalfcenturiesagoD.100yearsago73.Verne’sstoryaboutthefirstjourneytothemoonisverysimilarto_________.A.thesecondUSspacemissionB.theApolloⅡmissionC.LeonardodaVinci’sstoryD.numerousotherbooksonthesamesubject74.ThepassagesuggeststhatJulesVerne_________.A.developedthelawsofphysicsB.basedhiswritingsontheworksofLeonardodaVinciC.wasveryluckyinwhathehaddescribedaboutthefutureD.knewagreatdealaboutthelawsofphysicsandastronomy75.Thepassagemainlydescribes_________.A.therapidprogressofmankindB.Verne’saccuratepredictionofthefutureC.the1969ApolloⅡmoonmissionD.the19thcenturyscienceandtechnology

AnAfrican—bornBritishscientistreceivedanenvironmentresearchprizeforshowinghowbeescanbeusedtoreduceconflictbetweenpeopleandelephants.LucyKing’sworkprovedthatbeehive峰房fencescankeepelephantsoutofAfricanfarmers’fields.Theanimalsarescaredofbeeswhichcanbitetheminsidetheirlongnosesandfleewhentheyhearbuzzing蜂鸣声.DrKing'sworkoffersanintelligentsolutiontoanage—oldchallengewhileprovidingfurtherconfirmationoftheimportanceofbeestopeopleandareallycleverwayofpreservingtheworld'slargestlandanimalforcurrentandfuturegenerations.WorkinginKenyaDrKingandherteamshowedthatmorethan90%ofelephantswillfleewhentheyhearthesoundsofbuzzingbees.Afterwardstheyalsofoundthatelephantsproduceaspecialsoundtowarntheirfellowsofthedanger.Theyusedthefindingstoconstructbarrierswherebeehivesarewovenintoafencekeepingtheelephantsawayfromplaceswherepeopleliveandgrowfood.Atwoyearprojectinvolving34farmsshowedthatelephantstryingtogothroughthefenceswouldshakethemdisturbingthebees.LaterthefenceswereadoptedbyfarmingcommunitiesinthreeKenyandistricts——whoalsomadeincreasedamountsofmoneyfromsellinghoney.AsAfrica'spopulationgrowscompetitionforspacebetweenpeopleandelephantsisbecomingmoreseriousandtherearefatalitiesonbothsides.ThesameistrueinpartsofAsia.SriLankaaloneseesthedeathsofallestimated60peopleand200elephantseachyearfromconflict.LucyKingnowwantstoseewhethertheKenyantechniquewillworkinotherpartsofAfrica——andperhapseventuallyinAsia.71.TheunderlinedpartinParagraph1meansthesameas___________.A.intelligentsolutiontoanage—oldchallengeB.confirmationoftheimportanceofbeestopeopleC.competitionforspacebetweenpeopleandelephantsD.wayofpreservingtheworld'slargestlandanimal72.WhichofthefollowingordersofeventscorrectlyshowshowDrKing’sprojectworks?①Beehivefencesarebuiltaroundafarm.②Elephantshearthebuzzingandrunaway.③Beesaredisturbedandflyoutofthebeehives.④Elephantstryingtoenterthefarmshakethefences.A.①→②→③→④B.①→④→③→②C.④→③→②→①D.①→②→④→③73.DrKing'ssolutionisdescribedasintelligentbecause_____________.A.itsuccessfullyKeepselephantsoutofAfricanfarmers'fieldsB.thefencesWereadoptedbyfarmingcommunitiesinthreeKenyandistrictsC.morethan90％ofelephantsfleewhentheyhearthesoundsofbuzzingbeesD.itprotectscropsproduceshoneyandpreservesthedephantatthesametime74.TheunderlinedwordfatalitiesinParagraph4isclosestinmeaningto__________.A.deathsB.communitiesC.populationD.fences75.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.DrkingwasborninBritain.B.Mostelephantsscarebees.C.ThetechniquehasprovedtoworkwellinAsiatoo.D.Conflictsbetweenpeopleandelephantsareratherserious.

SportsshoesthatworkoutwhethertheirownerhasdoneenoughexercisetowarranttimeinfrontofthetelevisionhavebeendevisedintheUK.Theshoes-namedSquareEyes-containanelectronicpressuresensorandatinycomputerchiptorecordhowmanystepsthewearerhastakeninaday.A.wirelesstransmitterpassestheinformationtoareceiverconnectedtoatelevisionandthisdecideshowmucheveningviewingtimethewearerdeservesbasedontheday’sefforts.ThedesignwasinspiredbyadesiretofightagainsttherapidlyballooningwaistlinesamongBritishteenagerssaysGillianSwanwhodevelopedSquareEyesasafinalyeardesignprojectatBrunelUniversityinLondonUK.Welookedatcurrentissuesandchildhoodoverweightreallystoodoutshesays.AndIwantedtotacklethatwithmydesign.Onceachildhasuseduptheirdailyallowancegainedthroughexercisethetelevisionautomaticallyswitchesoff.AndfurthertimeinfrontoftheTVcanonlybeearnedthroughmoresteps.Swancalculatedhowexerciseshouldtranslatetotelevisiontimeusingtherecommendeddailyamountsofboth.Healthexpertssuggestthatachildtake12000stepseachdayandwatchnomorethantwohoursoftelevision.Soevery100stepsrecordedbytheSquareEyesshoesequalspreciselyoneminuteofTVtimE.Existingpedometers计步器normallyclipontoabeltorslipintoapocketandkeepcountofstepsbymeasuringsuddenmovement.Swansaysthesecanbeeasilytrickedintorecordingstepsthroughshaking.Buthershoehasbeenbuilttobeharderforlazyteenagerstocheat.Itispossiblebutitwouldbealotofeffortshesays.Thatwasoneofmymaindesignconsiderations.38.WhichofthefollowingistrueofSquareEyesshoes?A.Theyregulateachild’seveningTVviewingtimE.B.Theydetermineachild’sdailypocketmoney.C.Theyhaveraisedthehotissueofoverweight.D.Theycontaininformationofthereceiver.39.Whatisstressedbyhealthexpertsintheirsuggestion?A.Theexactnumberofstepstobetaken.B.TheprecisenumberofhoursspentonTV.C.TheproperamountofdailyexerciseandTVtimE.D.ThewayofchangingstepsintoTVwatchingtimE.40.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SmartShoesDecideonTelevisionTimeB.SmartShoesGuaranteeMoreExerciseC.SmartShoesMeasureTimeofExerciseD.SmartShoesStopChildhoodOverweight

Peopleusetheirmouthsformanythings.Theyeattalkshoutandsing.Theysmileandtheykiss.IntheEnglishlanguagetherearemanyexpressionsusingthewordmouth.ForexampleifyousaybadthingsaboutapersonthepersonmightprotestandsayDonotbadmouthmE.Sometimespeoplesaysomethingtoafriendorfamilymemberthattheylaterregretbecauseithurtsthatperson’sfeelings.Ortheytellthepersonsomethingtheywerenotsupposedtotell.Thespeakermightsay:IreallyputmyfootinmymouththistimE.Ifthisshouldhappenthespeakermightfeeldowninthemouth.Inotherwordshemightfeelsadforsayingthewrongthing.Anothersituationiswhensomeonefalselyclaimsanotherpersonsaidsomething.Theotherpersonmightprotest:Ididnotsaythat.Donotputwordsinmymouth.Somepeoplehavelotsofmoneybecausetheywerebornintoaveryrichfamily.Thereisanexpressionforthistoo.Youmightsaysuchapersonwasbornwithasilverspooninhismouth.Thisrichpersonistheoppositeofapersonwholivesfromhandtomouth.ThispersonisverypoorandonlyhasenoughmoneyforthemostimportantthingsinlifelikefooD.Parentsmightsometimeswithholdsweetfoodfromachildasaformofpunishmentforsayingbadthings.ForexampleifachildsaysthingssheshouldnotsaytoherparentsshemightbedescribedasamouthychilD.Theparentsmighteventellthechildtostopmouthingoff.Butenoughofallthistalk.Ihavebeenrunningmymouthlongenough.56.Peopleusetheirmouthsformanythings.WhichisNOTRIGHT?A.eatB.talkC.singD.hear57.InwhatkindofsituationwillapersonsayDonotbadmouthmE.?_____________.A.Whenhefeelsdown.B.Whenhefeelsregretful.C.Whenheisspokenillof.D.Whenhefeelsinnocent.58.Ifapersonfeelssorryforwhathehassaidhemightsay.A.DonotbadmouthmeB.IreallyputmyfootinmymouththistimeC.DonotputwordsinmymouthD.Stopmouthingoff59.Ifapersonlivesfromhandtomouthitimplies.A.heisbadly–off家境贫寒B.heishard–workingC.heiswell–off家境好D.hehasenoughtoeat60.BysayingIhavebeenrunningmymouthlongenoughthespeakermeans.A.IhaverunalongwayB.IhavebeenamouthypersonC.IhavelearnedalotD.Ihavetalkedtoomuch

Applehasenteredthetextbookmarket.Thetechgiant科技巨头introducediBookstextbooksacoupleofweeksagowhenitannounceditsiBooks2platform.Theyaredigitalbooksinmanysubjectstakinginsciencemathshistoryandgeography.AppledevelopeditsiPad-basedtextbooksinconjunctionwith连接majortextbookpublishers.Thecompanyoffersacollectionoftextbooksforhighschoolstudents.ApplesaysitoffersanewtextbookexperienceandsuggestsitsiBookstextbooksarethenextchapterinlearning.Itsoundslikegoodnewsforpupilsandstudents.Thinkofit.Nomorecarryingheavybackpacksfulloftextbooks.EverytextbookyourequirecanbestoredonyouriPaD.Nomorehavingtobuyexpensivetextbookswhichyouwillonlyuseforayearortwoandthensellorgiveaway.Ofcoursethere’sacatch.YouneedtoownaniPadandasyouknowitisnotcheap.Youalsoneedtobuydigitaltextbooksmostlypricedeachat$14.9994.74yuanorless.Textbookpublishingwasworth$8.7billionintheUSalonelastyear.Andtherestastheysayishistory.WillApplerevolutionizelearning?Willdigitalbookstakeovercompletelyineducation?Thatremainstobeseen.57.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.AppleEntersNewMarketB.A.DifferentWayofLearningC.ExperienceDigitalTexbooksD.SayGood-byetoTradition58.iBookstextbookswilldogoodtopupilsandstudentsbecause________.A.theyarefreetogetB.theyareeasytocarryC.theyareipad-basedD.theyarefavoritegifts59.TheunderlinedwordsacatchinParagraph4areclosestinmeaningto________.A.anadvantageB.asurpriseC.aproblemD.anorder60.Whatcanweknowfromthatlastparagraph?A.iPad-basedtextbookshavechangedourlearning.B.Traditionaltextbookswillbereplacedsoonerorlater.C.Applehasearnedalotfromthetextbookmarket.D.Digitalbookshavedisadvantagesandadvantages.

Imagineputtingaseedinafreezerwaiting30000yearsandthentakingtheseedoutandplantingit.Doyouthinkaflowerwouldgrow?Amazinglyscientistshavejustmanagedtodosomethingverysimilar.TheyfoundthefruitofanancientplantthathadbeenfrozenundergroundinSiberia—aregioncoveringcentralandeasternRussia—forabout31800years.UsingpiecesofthefruitthescientistsgrewplantsinalaB.Thenewbloomshavedelicatewhitepetals.TheyarealsotheoldestfloweringplantsthatresearchershaveeverrevivedfromadeepfreezE.ThisislikeregeneratingadinosaurfromtissuesofanancienteggsaidUniversityofCaliforniaLosAngelesbiologistJaneShen-Miller.Theplanthasalonghistory.BackwhenmammothsandwoollyrhinoceroseswalkedthelandanArcticgroundsquirrelburiedseedsandfruitsinanundergroundchamberneartheKolymaRiverinnortheasternSiberiA.ThegroundbecamepermafrostalayerofsoilthatstaysfrozenforalongtimE.RecentlyRussianscientistsdugouttheoldsquirrelholeandfoundtheplantremains38metersbelowthesurfacE.Backatthelabtheteamfednutrientstotissuefromthreeofthefruitstogrowshoots.Thenthescientiststransferredtheshootstopotsfilledwithsoil.Theplantsproducedseedsthatcouldbeusedtogrowevenmoreofthem.It’simportantforscientiststoknowthatplanttissuescanstillberevivedafterbeingfrozenforalongtimE.That’sbecausemanyresearchersaretryingtopreservetheseedsofmodernplantsbyfreezingthemandthenstoringthemingiantlockersatvariousspotsaroundtheglobE.OnesuchendeavoranundergroundfacilityinNorwayiscalledtheSvalbardGlobalSeedVault.Itstoreshundredsofthousandsoffrozenseeds.IfaplantevergoesextinctscientistscouldbringitbackbytakingitsseedsfromtheSvalbardorotherstoragelockers.Nooneknowshowlongtheyareabletoliveforbutfreezingisbasicallytheformatformanyplantconservationattemptsnowadays.Shen-MillersaiD.It’sagoodthingthatatleastsomeplantsaretoughenoughtosurvivetheexperiencE.64.Howdidthefruitoriginallygetunderground?A.Itwasplacedtherebyananimal.B.Itwastrappedthereduringtheice-agE.C.Itwasplantedtherebyancientfarmers.D.ItwasburiedthereaftertheearthquakE.65.Whyarescientistsinterestedinthisdiscovery?A.Ithelpsthemlearnhowplantlifehaschangedinthepast30000years.B.Itcanhelpguidefutureeffortstoprotectendangeredplant-lifE.C.Itcanprovidedirectionsforwheretolookforotherancientplants.D.Itprovesthatallplantlifecansurviveforthousandsofyearswhenfrozen.66.Theunderlinedwordtheyinthefinalparagraphrefersto_______.A.plantsB.seedsC.scientistsD.storagelockers67.Thepurposeofthepassageisto_______.A.discussaplantconservationeffortB.introducesomeancientplantsC.outlinesomecausesofglobalwarmingD.describeascientificresearchproject

Welcometoyourfuturelife!Yougetupinthemorningandlookintothemirror.Yourfaceisfirmandyoung-looking.In2035medicaltechnologyisbetterthanever.Manypeopleyouragecouldlivetobe150soat40you’renotoldatall.Andyourparentsjusthadananti-aging抗衰老的treatment.Nowallthreeofyoulookthesameage!YousaytoyourshirtTurnreD.ItchangesfrombluetoreD.In2035smartclothescontainparticles粒子muchsmallerthanthecellsinyourbody.Theparticlescanbeprogrammedtochangeclothes’colororpattern.Youwalkintothekitchen.YoupickupthemilkbutavoicesaysYoushouldn’tdrinkthat!Yourfridgehasreadthechip芯片thatcontainsinformationaboutthemilkanditknowsthemilkisold.In2035everyarticleoffoodinthegrocerystorehassuchachip.It’stimetogotowork.In2035carsdrivethemselves.Justtellyoursmartcarwheretogo.OnthewayyoucancallafriendusingyourjacketsleevE.Suchsmarttechnologyisallaroundyou.Sowillallthesethingscometrue?FornewtechnologytosucceedsaysscientistAndrewZolliithastobesomuchbetterthatitreplaceswhatwehavealready.TheInternetisoneexample—whatwillbethenext?63.Wecanlearnfromthetextthatinthefuture__________.A.clotheswillbeabletochangetheirpatternB.everyonewilllookthesameC.redwillbethemostpopularcolorD.peoplewillnevergetold64.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4?A.Milkwillbeharmfultohealth.B.MoredrinkswillbeavailableforsalE.C.Milkinthegrocerystorewillstayfreshmuchlonger.D.Foodinthegrocerystorewillcarryelectronicinformation.65.Whichofthefollowingismentionedinthetext?A.NothingcanreplacetheInternet.B.FridgeswillknowwhatpeopleneeD.C.Carswillbeabletodriveautomatically.D.JackedsleevescanbeusedasaguidE.66.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.FuturetechnologyineverydaylifE.B.Foodandclothingin2035.C.MedicaltreatmentsofthefuturE.D.Thereasonforthesuccessofnewtechnology.

SpaceisadangerousplacE.notonlybecauseofmeteors流星butalsobecauseofraysfromthesunandotherstars.TheAtmosphereagainactsasourprotectiveblanketonearth.Lightgetsthroughandthisisessentialforplantstomakethefoodwhichweeat.HeattoomakesourenvironmentendurablE.Variouskindsofrayscomethroughtheairfromouterspacebutenormousquantitiesofradiationfromthesunarescreenedoff.AssoonasmenleavetheatmospheretheyareexposedtothisradiationbuttheirspacesuitsorthewallsoftheirspacecraftiftheyareinsidedopreventalotofradiationdamagE.RadiationisthegreatestknowndangertoexplorersinspacE.Theunitofradiationiscalledrem.Scientistshavereasontothinkthatamancanputupwithfarmoreradiationthan0.1remwithoutbeingdamaged;thefigureof60remshasbeenagreedon.Thetroubleisthatitisextremelydifficulttobesureaboutradiationdamage-apersonmayfeelperfectlywellbutthecellsofhisorhersexorgansmaybedamagedandthiswillnotbediscovereduntilthebirthofdeformed畸形的childrenorevengrandchildren.MissionsoftheApolloflightshavehadtocrossbeltsofhighradiationandduringtheoutwardandreturnjourneystheApollocrewaccumulatedalargeamountofrems.SofarnodangerousamountsofradiationhavebeenreportedbuttheApollomissionshavebeenquiteshort.Wesimplydonotknowyethowmenaregoingtogetonwhentheyspendweeksandmonthsoutsidetheprotectionoftheatmosphereworkinginaspacelaboratory.Drugsmighthelptodecreasethedamagedonebyradiationbutnoreallyeffectiveoneshavebeenfoundsofar.1.Accordingtothefirstparagraphtheatmosphereisessentialtomaninthat______.A.itprotectshimagainsttheharmfulraysfromspaceB.itprovidessufficientlightforplantgrowthC.itsuppliestheheatnecessaryforhumansurvivalD.itscreensoffthefallingmeteors2.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________.A.theApollomissionwasverysuccessfulB.protectionfromspaceradiationisnoeasyjobC.astronautswillhavedeformedchildrenorgrandchildrenD.radiationisnotathreattowell-protectedspaceexplorers3.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe________.A.TheAtmosphereandOurEnvironmentB.ResearchonRadiation.C.EffectsofSpaceRadiationD.ImportanceofProtectionAgainstRadiation

Foranowl猫头鹰withone-metrewingspantheskyshouldbethelimit.ButTroyprefershisbird’seyeviewtobenohigherthan5feet10inches.Theone-year-oldowlhasaninconvenientsymptom:he’safraidofheights.AfteranunfortunatestartinlifewhenhefellfromhisnestbyaccidentTroywasraisedbyGarethTonenahandler饲养员whojusthappenstobe5feet10inchestall.AsaresultTroyhasgrownupwithoutanygreatambitionsofhisown.Whenitcomestotreeshecan’tseewhatisaboutandwouldprefertoflyalongatMr.Tonen’ssidE.Onlywhenthe25-year-oldhandlerclimbsupatreecanTroybetemptedtoleavehiscomfortzoneandjoinhim.AshleySmithsaidTroy’sfearofheightswasaresultofforgettinghowtobeabirD.He’sbeenincaptivity被圈养foraslongashecanrememberandhasneverbeenhigherthanhishandlercanlifthim.Heseeshimselfasmoreofahumanthananowlandhedoesn’tknowhowtositintreesorhunt.GarethhastoalmostactlikeanowltogetTroytobehavelikeonE.AsaresultadailytreeclimbhasbecomepartofTroy’s–andMr.Tonen’s–routinE.LaddershavebeenfixedsoMr.TonencanclimbintothetreesandcallforTroywhowillflyupandjoinhishandlerbutgonohigher.MostofthetimehefliesdownagainbutoccasionallyMr.Tonenhastocarryhimbacktogroundlevel.Theafternoonendswithamealofmouserabbitorhisfavoritechicken.Mr.TonensaidHenowlooksuponmeashismumordaD.He’sgainingmoreconfidenceandifIhavetocarryonclimbinguptreeswithhimthenwe’lldowhatittakesforhimtobeahighflyer.63.TroywasbroughtupbyGarethTonenbecausehe______.A.couldn’tflyhighB.gotbadlyhurtC.lefthisparentsaccidentallyD.isafraidofheight64.Whatcanyoulearnfromthesecondparagraph?A.Troydoesn’tshowanyinterestinflyinghighupinthesky.B.GarethTonenhasspoiled宠坏Troybyofferinghimeverything.C.GarethTonenispleasedtoseeTroyflyalongathissidE.D.TroywouldlikehisownerGarethTonentoclimbuptrees.65.AccordingtoAshleySmithTroydoesn’tknowheisabirdbecause______.A.hehasdevelopedthesymptomoffearingheights.B.hehasbeenraisedsincehewasverysmall.C.hecan’tlearnhowtoflyhigherthanhisowner.D.hedoesn’twanttoflyamongtreeshuntingforfooD.66.WhydoesGarethTonenhavetoclimbuptreeseveryday?A.TosetanexampleofflyinghightoTroy.B.ToseehowhighTroycanreallyfly.C.ToteachTroyhowtogetmealsinhightrees.D.TogetTroybackdowntocurehisfearofheights.

MichaelFishmaysoonbereplacedasaweatherforecasterbytheshark鲨鱼.ResearchbyaBritishbiologystudentsuggeststhatsharkscouldbeusedtopredictstorms.LaurenSmith24isclosetocompletingherstudyonshark’sabilitytosensepressurE.Ifherstudiesprovethetheoryscientistsmaybeabletomonitorthebehaviorofsharkstopredictbadweather.MissSmithhadpreviouslystudiedthebehavioroflemonsharksintheBahamas.ShethenusedtheircloserelativeslesserspotteddogfishforfurtherresearchatAberdeenUniversity.Herwork---thoughttobethefirstofitskindtotestthepressuretheory----resultedfromtheobservationthatjuvenileblacktipsharksoffFloridamovedintodeeperwateraheadofaviolentstormin2001.MissSmithsaid:I’vealwaysbeencrazyabouttravelinganddivingandthisledmetoaninterestinsharks.IwasdelightedtohavebeenabletoresearchintheareaformydegreE.Iknowthere’ssomuchmoreweneedtounderstand----butitcertainlyopensthewaytomoreresearch.Ithasbeendiscoveredthatasharksensespressureusinghaircellsinitsbalancesystem.AttheBiminiSharkLabintheBahamasMissSmithfixedhi-techsensorstosharkstorecordpressureandtemperaturewhilealsotrackingthemusingGPSGlobalPositioningSystemtechnology.InAberdeenshewasabletostudytheeffectsoftidal潮汐的andtemperaturechangesondogfish----noneofwhichwereharmeD.Shealsousedaspeciallabwhichcanmimic模拟oceanicpressurechangescausedbyweatherfronts.Sheisduetocompleteherstudyandgraduatelaterthisyear.Shesaysshewillbelookingforajobwhichwillgiveherthechancetoenrichherexperienceofsharkresearch.72.Thepassageismostprobablytakenfrom_______.A.ashort-storycollectionB.apopularsciencemagazineC.aresearchpaperD.apersonaldiary73.Whatdowelearnfromthefirstfourparagraphsofthepassage?A.Sharksmaybeusedtopredictbadweather.B.Sharks’behaviorcanbecontrolleD.C.MichaelFishisnotfitforhisjoB.D.LaurenSmithwillbecomeaweatherforecaster.74.LaurenSmithconductedherresearchby_______.A.removinghaircellsfromashark’sbalancesystemB.measuringtheairpressureofweatherfrontsC.recordingsharks’bodytemperatureD.monitoringsharks’reactiontoweatherchanges75.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.A.popularwayofforecastingweather.B.A.newresearcheffortinpredictingstorms.C.Biologists’interestinthesecretsofsharks.D.LaurenSmith’sdevotiontoscientificresearch.

Awell-knownmanufacturerofweighingmachinesproducedanewmodel.Themachinehadacomputerinsideitandthiscomputercoulddowonderfulthings:itcouldweighpeopleveryaccurately;itcouldtellthemtheirweightintheirownlanguage;anditcouldtellthemwhattheyshouldeattoreducetheirweight.Themanufacturerdecidedtotryouthismachinebeforehesoldittotheshops.Helookedaroundforagoodplacetoputitandfinallydecidedonanairport.Therewerealwayspeopleatanairportfrommanydifferentcountries.ThefirstpersontousethemachinewasanItalianwoman.Shestoodonthemachineputacoininandwaitedtohearherweight.Themachinetookonlyasecondortwotoweighherdecideonhernationalityandthelanguageshespokeandfigureoutwhatkindoffoodsheshouldeat.GoodmorningmadamitsaidinperfectItalian.Yourweightis72kilosthreemorethanitshouldbeforawomanofyourheightageandnationality.Thisisbecauseyouhavebeeneatingtoomuchspaghetti.Isuggestyoueatmorefruitandvegetables.Pleasehaveaniceday.ThesecondpersontousethemachinewasaChinesegirl.Shestoodonthemachineputacoininandwaitedtohearherweight.GoodmorningMissthemachinesaidinprefectChinesE.Yourweightis38kilosexactlythecorrectweightforyourheightageandnationality.Continuetoeatwhatyouareeating.Pleasehaveaniceday.ThethirdpersontousethemachinewasahugeAustralianwoman.ShewalkeduptothemachineandlookedatitforalongtimE.Atlastshefoundthecouragetostandonthemachineandputacoinin.Themachinespokeimmediately.Goodmorning.Willoneofyouladiespleasegetoff?31.Whatcouldthecomputerdo?A.WeighandtalktopeopleB.Translateinformation.C.Givethemdietpills.D.Makethemloseweight.32.Wheredidthemanufacturerfirstputthemachine?A.IntheshopsB.InmanydifferentcountriesC.InanairportD.Inahotel33.WhatdidthemachinesaytotheItalianwoman?A.Shewasalittletoolight.B.Shewasalittletooheavy.C.Shedislikedspaghetti.D.Shecouldn’tspeakItalian.34.WhatdidthemachinesaytotheChinesewoman?A.SheshouldeatmorE.B.ShecouldspeakChinesE.C.Shewouldhaveaniceday.D.ShewasfinE.35.WhatdidthemachinesuggestabouttheAustralianwoman?A.Shewasunwell.B.Shewascourageous.C.Shewastooheavy.D.Shehaddietedwell.

Allwehaveaclocklocatedinsideourbrains.Similartoyourbedsidealarmclockyourinternalclockrunsona24-hourcyclE.Thiscyclecalledacircadian昼夜节奏的rhythmhelpscontrolwhenyouwakewhenyoueatandwhenyousleep.Somewherearoundpubertysomethinghappensinthetimingofthebiologicalclock.Theclockpushesforwardsoadolescentsandteenagersareunabletofallasleepasearlyastheyusedto.Whenyourmothertellsyouit'stimeforbedyourbodymaybepushingyoutostayup3forseveralhoursmorE.AndthelightcomingfromyourcomputerscreenorTVcouldbepushingyoutostayupevenlater.Thisshiftisnaturalforteenagers.Butstayingupverylateandsleepinglatecangetyourbody'sclockoutofsyncwiththecycleoflightanddark.Itcanalsomakeithardtogetoutofbedinthemorningandmaybringotherproblemstoo.Teenagersareputinakindofagraycloud提不起精神的状态whentheydon'tgetenoughsleepsaysMaryCarskadonasleepresearcheratBrownUniversityinProvidenceRhodeIslanD.Itaffectstheirmoodandtheirabilitytothinkandlearn.Butjustlikeyouralarmclockyourinternalclockcanbereset.Infactitautomaticallyresetsitselfeveryday.How?Byusingthelightitgetsthroughyoureyes.Scientistshaveknownforalongtimethatthelightofdayandthedarkofnightplayimportantrolesinsettingourinternalclocks.Foryearsresearchersthoughtthatthesignalsthatsynchronizethebody'sclockwerehandledthroughthesamepathwaysthatweusetoseE.Butrecentdiscoveriesshowthatthehumaneyehastwoseparatelight-sensingsystems.OnesystemallowsustoseE.Thesecondsystemtellsourbodywhetherit'sdayornight.Note:AnswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinNOMORETHANTENWORDS.81.Theclocklocatedinsideourbrainsissimilartoourbedsidealarmclockbecause________________________________________.­82.Childrenbeforepubertytendto__________________________________thanadolescents.83.Theauthorwantstotellthereaderthat_____________________________________.84.Whatdidthepreviousresearchersthinkaboutthehumaneye'slight-sensingsystem?

LIPITORABOUTLIPITORLipitorisaprescriptionmedicinE.Alongwithdietandexerciseitlowersbadcholesterol胆固醇inyourblooD.Itcanalsoraisegoodcholesterol.Lipitorcanlowertheriskofheartattackinpatientswithseveralcommonriskfactorsincludingfamilyhistoryofearlyheartdiseasehighbloodpressureageandsmoking.WHOISLIPITORFOR?WhocantakeLIPITOR:·Peoplewhocannotlowertheircholesterolenoughwithdietandexercise·Adultsandchildrenover10WhoshouldNOTtakeLIPITOR:·Womenwhoarepregnantmaybepregnantormaybecomepregnant.Lipitormayharmyourunbornbaby.·Womenwhoarebreast-feeding.Lipitorcanpassintoyourbreastmilkandmayharmyourbaby.PeoplewithliverproblemsPOSSIBLESIDEEFFECTSOFLIPITORSerioussideeffectsinasmallnumberofpeople:·Muscleproblemsthatcanleadtokidneyproblemsincludingkidneyfailure·Liverproblems.YourdoctormaydobloodteststocheckyourliverbeforeyoustartLipitorandwhileyouaretakingit.Callyourdoctorrightawayifyouhave:·Unexplainedmusclepainorweaknessespeciallyifyouhaveafeverorfeelveryfired·Swellingofthefacelipstongueand/orthroatthatmaycausedifficultyinbreathingorswallowing·StomachpainSomecommonsideeffectsofLIPITORare:·Musclepain·Upsetstomach·ChangesinsomebloodtestsHOWTOTAKELIPITORDO:·TakeLipitorasprescribedbyyourdoctor.·Trytoeatheart-healthyfoodswhileyoutakeLipitor.·TakeLipitoratanytimeofdaywithorwithoutfooD.·Ifyoumissadosetakeitassoonasyouremember.Butifithasbeenmorethan12hourssinceyoumisseddosewait.TakethenextdoseatyourregulartimE.Don't:·Donotchangeorstopyourdosebeforetalkingtoyourdoctor.·Donotstartnewmedicinesbeforetalkingtoyourdoctor.50.WhatisamajorfunctionofLipitor?A.Tohelpquitsmoking.B.TocontrolbloodpressurE.C.Toimproveunhealthydiet.D.Tolowerbadcholesterol.51.Ifithasbeenover12hourssinceyoumissedadoseyoushould________.A.changetheamountofyournextdoseB.eatmorewhentakingyournextdoseC.haveadoseassoonasyourememberD.takethenextdoseatyourregulartime52.WhichofthefollowingisacommonsideeffectoftakingLipitor?A.Faceswelling.B.Upsetstomach.C.KidneyfailurE.D.Muscleweakness.53.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toteachpatientswaysforquickrecovery.B.Topresentareportonascientificresearch.C.ToshowtheimportanceofagoodlifestylE.D.Togiveinformationaboutakindofmedicine

Animalscanmovefromplacetoplacebutplantscannot.Whenananimalisunderattackitcanrunawayorfightback.Plantscertainlycannotrunawayandtheylackteethandclaws.Butplantscandefendthemselvesbyusingbothphysicalandchemicalmeans.Someplantshavetheirownwaystokeepanimalsaway.Forexampletheleavesofthehollyplanthavesharpspines刺thatdiscouragegrass-eatinganimals.Hollyleavesonlowerbrancheshavemorespinesthanleavesonupperbranches.Thisisbecausethelowerleavesareeasierformostanimalstoreach.Someplantssuchastheoaktreehavethickandhardleavesthataredifficultforanimalstoeat.Somegrassesmaycontainasandymaterial;eatingsuchgrasseswearsdowntheanimal'steeth.Manyplantsalsohavechemicaldefenses.Someplantsproducechemicalsthattastebitterorcauseanunpleasantreaction.Someplantsmayfightagainstanattackbyincreasingtheproductionofthesechemicals.Whenacaterpillar毛虫bitesatobaccoleaftheleafproducesachemicalmessenger.ThismessengersendstotherootstheinformationtoproducemorenicotinE.Thehigherlevelsofnicotinediscouragethecaterpillar.Manyplantsdependonbothphysicalandchemicaldefenses.A.certainplantinChinaforinstancehasprickly多刺的leavesandeachpricklecontainspoisonousvenom毒液A.singleexperiencewiththiskindofplantwillteachananimaltostayawayfromitinthefuturE.57.Thehollyplanthasmorespinesonthelowerleavesbecausemostanimals________.A.arenottallenoughB.likethelowerleavesonlyC.cangetthelowerleaveseasilyD.arenotcleverenough58.Todefendthemselvesoaktreesuse________.A.chemicalmeansB.sandymaterialsC.bitterchemicalsD.physicalmeans59.Howdoestobaccoprotectitselfagainstanattackfromacaterpillar?A.ItsrootsincreasetheproductionofnicotinewhenitisattackedB.Itsrootssendamessengertodiscouragethecaterpillar.C.Itsleavesfightagainsttheattackbyphysicalmeans.D.Itsleavesproducepoisonoussandtodrivethecaterpillaraway.60.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.PlantsandAnimalsB.HowPlantsDefendThemselvesC.AttacksandDefensesD.HowAnimalsEatPlantLeaves

SportsshoesthatworkoutwhethertheirownerhasdoneenoughexercisetowarranttimeinfrontofthetelevisionhavebeendevisedintheUK.Theshoes-namedSquareEyes-containanelectronicpressuresensorandatinycomputerchiptorecordhowmanystepsthewearerhastakeninaday.A.wirelesstransmitterpassestheinformationtoareceiverconnectedtoatelevisionandthisdecideshowmucheveningviewingtimethewearerdeservesbasedontheday’sefforts.ThedesignwasinspiredbyadesiretofightagainsttherapidlyballooningwaistlinesamongBritishteenagerssaysGillianSwanwhodevelopedSquareEyesasafinalyeardesignprojectatBrunelUniversityinLondonUK.Welookedatcurrentissuesandchildhoodoverweightreallystoodoutshesays.AndIwantedtotacklethatwithmydesign.Onceachildhasuseduptheirdailyallowancegainedthroughexercisethetelevisionautomaticallyswitchesoff.AndfurthertimeinfrontoftheTVcanonlybeearnedthroughmoresteps.Swancalculatedhowexerciseshouldtranslatetotelevisiontimeusingtherecommendeddailyamountsofboth.Healthexpertssuggestthatachildtake12000stepseachdayandwatchnomorethantwohoursoftelevision.Soevery100stepsrecordedbytheSquareEyesshoesequalspreciselyoneminuteofTVtimE.Existingpedometers计步器normallyclipontoabeltorslipintoapocketandkeepcountofstepsbymeasuringsuddenmovement.Swansaysthesecanbeeasilytrickedintorecordingstepsthroughshaking.Buthershoehasbeenbuilttobeharderforlazyteenagerstocheat.Itispossiblebutitwouldbealotofeffortshesays.Thatwasoneofmymaindesignconsiderations.38.WhichofthefollowingistrueofSquareEyesshoes?A.Theyregulateachild’seveningTVviewingtimE.B.Theydetermineachild’sdailypocketmoney.C.Theyhaveraisedthehotissueofoverweight.D.Theycontaininformationofthereceiver.39.Whatisstressedbyhealthexpertsintheirsuggestion?A.Theexactnumberofstepstobetaken.B.TheprecisenumberofhoursspentonTV.C.TheproperamountofdailyexerciseandTVtimE.D.ThewayofchangingstepsintoTVwatchingtimE.40.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SmartShoesDecideonTelevisionTimeB.SmartShoesGuaranteeMoreExerciseC.SmartShoesMeasureTimeofExerciseD.SmartShoesStopChildhoodOverweight

AblindbabyisdoublyhandicappeD.Notonlyisitunabletoseebutbecauseitcannotreceivethevisualstimulus刺激fromitsenvironmentthatasightedchilddoesitislikelytobeslowinintellectualdevelopment.Nowtheten-montholdsonofDr.andMrs.DennisDaughtersisthesubjectofanunusualpsychologicalexperimentdesignedtopreventalag滞后inthelearningprocess.Withtheaidofasonar-typeelectronicthathewearsonhisheadinfant婴儿Dennisislearningtoidentifythepeopleandobjectsintheworldaroundhimbymeansofechoes回声.ThedeviceisanimprovementoftheSonicguideaninstrumentproducedbyTelesensorySystemsInC.ofPaloAltoCalifandusedbyblindadultsinadditiontoasmartorguidedog.AsadaptedforDennisitconsistsofabattery-poweredsystemaboutthesizeofahalfdollarthatisonaheadgear.A.transmittersendsoutanultrasonic超声的pulsethatcreatesan80degreeconeofsoundat6feet.Echoesfromobjectswithintheconeareperceivedfeltassoundsthatvaryinpitch音调andvolume音量withthesizeanddistanceoftheobject.Thecloseranobjectisthelowerthepitchandthelargertheobjectthelouderthesignal.Hardsurfacesproduceasharppingwhilesoftonessendbacksignalswithaslightlyfuzzyquality.AnobjectslightlytotherightofDenny’ssendsbackaloudersoundtohisrightearthantotheleft.Thusbysimplymovinghisheadrightandleftandupanddownhecannotonlylocateanobjectbutalsogetsomenotionofitsshapeandsizethankstothevaryingqualitiesofsoundsreachinghisearsastheconeofultrasound超声波passesitsedges.Dennislikestousethedevicetoplayakindofpeek-a-boowithhismother.Standingonherkneeandfacingherdirectlyhereceivesastrongsignalinbothears.Byturninghisheadawayhemakesherseemtodisappear.FromthefirsttimeheworeitsaysMrs.DaughtersitwaslikealightgoingoninhisheaD.WhatremainstobedeterminedishowwellthedevicewillhelpDenniscopewithhissurroundingsashebeginstowalkandventurefurtherintohisenvironment.MeanwhileTelesensoryIncisworkingonthedevelopmentofsonar声纳devicewithsomewhatthesamesensitivityasDennis’sforusebyschool-agechildren.66.Dr.andMrs.Daughters’researchisdirectedto______________.A.helpingtheblindtoseeandlearnaswellasothersB.benefitingthelearningprocessofblindchildrenC.solvingblindchildren’spsychologicalproblemsD.findingouthowchildrendevelopintellectually67.InfantDennisbecomesthesubjectoftheexperimentmostprobablybecause_____________.A.healreadylagsbehindthesightedchildrenB.heleadsalifeasnormalasanyotherchildrenC.heisattheearlystageofthelearningprocessD.hehastheaidofasonar-typeelectronicdevice68.WhatcanwelearnaboutinfantDennis’device?A.Itsthefirstdesignwasdesignedforblindadults.B.Itsbatteryisassmallasahalf-dollarcoin.C.Itisfunctionallysimilartoasaneandguidedog.D.IthasbeenimprovedbyTelesensorySystemsInC.69.Inthethirdparagraphitsedgerefersto___________.A.theedgeofanobjectB.theedgeofthedeviceC.theboundaryofDennis’movementD.theboundaryofthesoundpitch.70.WhatisTelesensorySystemsInC.mostlikelytothinkaboutinfantDennis’device?A.IthadbetterbeusedbyblindchildrenfromschoolagE.B.Itneedsimprovingforuseinacomplicatedenvironment.C.Itmaynotbesosuitablefortheblindadults.D.Itbenefitsblindchildrenintermsoflearning.

Planetarychangeswhichwillhaveaninfluenceonmanyaredrawingnearbecauseofthepoorecological生态的stateoftheplanet.Actuallychangehasalreadybegunthroughclimatechangesbutmosthumanshaven’tnoticedthisyet.Climatechangehasbeguntoinfluencetheworldalreadyandwillbegintoworsenwithinthenextfewyears.Around2020mostpeoplewillbegintoseethattheresultsofclimatechangewillbefarmoreseriousthannowunderstooD.Astheplanetisunderbiggeological地质的stresseswhicharecontinuouslyincreasingitwillinthefuturenolongerbeabletosupportitspopulation.Scarcity缺乏ofresourcesover-farminglackofcleanairnotenoughcleandrinkingwateranddroughtaresomeoftheissuesthatwillallplayamuchgreaterroleinthenearfuturE.Humanshavecausedlargeecologicaldevastation破坏.Thelifestylesofmanypeopleareimprovingatafastspeed;howeverthiswillfinallyresultinalackofsomepreciousresources.Whenthisscarcitybeginstohappenpeoplewillnolongerbeabletohavesustainable可支撑的lifestyles.It’simportanttounderstandthateveryoneplaysaroleinthewholeprocessoflifE.Eachperson’sdecisioncanfinallyaffectthefuturE.Thesedecisionsallcombinedcanhavegoodeffectonwhatthefuturewillbelikeforhumans.Sothefuturedependsonthechoiceswemakeatthepresentmoment.Whilemoreandmorepeoplearebecomingawareofclimatechangeandotherenvironmentalproblemsrelatedtoglobalwarmingnotallarefullyunderstandinghowfar-reachingitseffectswillbE.Unfortunatelymostofthehumansareawarethattheplanetisn’tfunctioningwellbuttheydon’tunderstandthatthisiscreatingamajorproblemforthefuturesurvivalofhumans.SoeverypersonshouldmakethenecessarychangestoreducetheirinfluenceontheenvironmentandhelpcreateamoresustainablefuturE.61.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheCausesofPlanetaryChanges.B.TheInfluenceofEcologicalDevastationC.TheWaysofBuildingaSustainableFutureD.EnvironmentalDamageandtheHumanFuture62.Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat_________A.planetarychangesarecausedbyglobalwarmingB.climatechangeswillaffectthelifeofhumanssoonC.theecologicalstateoftheearthhasbeendestroyedD.mostpeopledon’trealizethedangerofclimatechanges63.Whatopiniondoestheauthormostprobablyhold?A.Humansshouldn’ttrytoimprovetheirlifestyles.B.Thefuturewe’llhavedependsoneveryoneofus.C.Theecologicaldevastationiscomingtoastopsoon.D.ThefutureofhumanscanbedeterminedaheadoftimE.64.Inthelastparagraphtheauthoristryingto____________.A.encouragepeopletomakeeffortstoprotecttheenvironmentB.callonpeopletoworkhardtomaketheirfuturebetterC.warnpeopleofthedangersofecologicaldevastationD.tellpeopletherightwaytoprotecttheenvironment65.Theauthor’sattitudeinwritingthistextis____________.A.indifferentB.negativeC.seriousD.humorous

AstudypublishedinSeptembersuggeststhereisasurprisingwaytogetpeopletoavoidunhealthyfoods:changetheirmemories.ScientistElizabethLoftusoftheUniversityofCaliforniaatIrvineaskedvolunteerstoanswersomequestionsontheirpersonalitiesandfendexperiences.OneweeklaterLoftussaysWetoldthosepeoplewe’dfedtheiranswersintooursmartcomputeranditcameupwithanaccountoftheirearlychildhoodexperiences.Someaccountsincludedonekeyadditionaldetail:Yougotsickaftereatingstrawberryice-cream.Theresearchersthenchangedthisdetailintoamanufactured人造的memorythroughleadingquestions—Whowereyouwith?Howdidyoufeel?Bytheendofthestudyupto41%ofthosegivenafalsememorybelievedstrawberryice-creamoncemadethemsickandmanysaidthey’davoideatingit.WhenLoftuspublishedherfindingsshestartedgettingcallsfrompeoplebegginghertomakethemrememberhatingchocolateorFrenchfries.Unfortunatelyit’snotthateasy.Falsememoriesappeartoworkonlyforfoodsyoudon’teatonaregularbasis.Butmostimportantitislikelythatfalsememoriescanbeimplanted灌输onlyinpeoplewhoareunawareofthementalcontrol.Andlyingtoapatientisimmoralevenifadoctorbelievesit’sforthepatient’sbenefit.Loftussaysthere’snothingtostopparentsfromtryingitwiththeiroverweightchildren.Isaywakeup—parentshavebeenlyingaboutFatherChristmasforyearsandnobodyseemstominD.Iftheycanpreventdiseasescausedbyfatnessandalltheotherproblemsthatcomewiththatyoumightthinkthat’samoremoralliE.Decidethatforyourself.64.WhydidLoftusaskthevolunteerstoanswersomequestions?A.Toimprovehercomputerprogram.B.TofindouttheirattitudestowardsfooD.C.Tofindoutdetailsshecanmakeuseof.D.Topredictwhatfoodthey’lllikeinthefuturE.65.WhatdidLoftusfindoutfromherresearch?A.Peoplebelievewhatthecomputertellsthem.B.PeoplecanbeledtobelieveinsomethingfalsE.C.Peopletendtoforgettheirchildhoodexperiences.D.Peoplearenotalwaysawareoftheirpersonalities.66.AccordingtothestudypeoplemaystophavingacertainfoodiftheyA.learnitisharmfulforhealthB.lietothemselvesthattheydon’twantitC.arewillingtoletdoctorscontroltheirmindsD.thinktheyoncehadabadexperienceofeatingit.67.Whatisthebiggestconcernwiththemethod?A.Whetheritismoral.B.Whoitisbestfor.C.WhenitiseffectivE.D.HowitshouldbeuseD.

YourglassesmaysomedayreplaceyoursmartphoneandsomeNewYorkersarereadyfortheswitch.Someinthecitycan'twaittotrythemonandusethemapsandGPSthatthefuturisticeyewearislikelytoincludE.I'duseitifIwerehangingoutwithfriendsat3A.m.andgoingtothebarandwantedtoseewhatwasopensaidWalterChoo40ofFortGreenE.Thesmartphone-likeglasseswilllikelycomeoutthisyearandcostbetween$250and$600theTimessaidpossiblyincludingavariationofaugmented增强的realityatechnologyalreadyavailableonsmartphonesandtablets平板电脑thatoverlaysinformationontothescreenaboutone'ssurroundings.Soforexampleifyouwerewalkingdownastreetindicatorswouldpopupshowingyouthenearestcoffeeshopordirectionscouldbeplottedoutandcomeintoviewrightonthesidewalkinfrontofyou.Asfarasamainstreamconsumerproductthisjustisn'tsomethinganybodyneedssaidSamBiddlewhowritesforGizmodo.com.We'reaccustomedtohavingonethinginourpockettodoallthesethingsheaddedandtheaverageconsumerisn'tgonnabeabletoaffordanotherdevice装置that'shundredsandhundredsofdollars.9to5GooglepublisherSethWeintraubwhohasbeenreportingonthesmartphone-likeglassessincelatelastyearsaidheisconfidentthatthistypeofwearabledevicewilleventuallybeascommonassmartphones.It'sjustlikesmartphones10yearsagoWeintraubsaiD.Afewpeoplestartedgettingemailsontheirphonesandpeoplethoughtthatwascrazy.Samekindofthing.Weseepeoplebendingtheirheadstolookattheirsmartphonesandit'sunnaturalhesaiD.There'sgonnabeimprovementstothatandthisasteptherE.60.Oneofthepossiblefunctionsofthesmartphone-likeglassesisto____.A.programtheopeninghoursofabarB.supplyyouwithapictureofthefutureC.provideinformationaboutyoursurroundingsD.updatethemapsandGPSinyoursmartphones61.Theunderlinedphrasepopupinthethirdparagraphprobablymeans____.A.developrapidlyB.getroundquicklyC.appearimmediatelyD.gooverautomatically62.AccordingtoSamBiddlethesmartphone-likeglassesare____.A.necessaryforteenagersB.attractivetoNewYorkersC.availabletopeopleworldwideD.expensiveforaverageconsumers63.Wecanlearnfromthelasttwoparagraphsthatthesmartphone-likeglasses____.A.mayhaveapotentialmarketB.areascommonassmartphonesC.arepopularamongyoungadultsD.willbeimprovedbyanewtechnology

Globalwarmingmayormaynotbethegreatenvironmentalcrisisofthe21stcenturybut-regardlessofwhetheritisorisn't-wewon'tdomuchaboutit.AlGorecallsglobalwarminganinconvenienttruthasifmerelyrecognizingitcouldputusonapathtoasolution.Buttherealtruthisthatwedon'tknowenoughtorelieveglobalwarmingand-withoutmajortechnologicalbreakthroughs-wecan'tdomuchaboutit.From2003to2050theworld'spopulationisprojectedtogrowfrom6.4billionto9.1billiona42%increasE.IfenergyuseperpersonandtechnologyremainthesametotalenergyuseandgreenhousegasemissionsmainlyC02willbe42%higherin2050.Butthat'stoolowbecausesocietiesthatgrowricherusemoreenergy.Weneedeconomicgrowthunlesswecondemntheworld'spoortotheirpresentpovertyandfreezeeveryoneelse'slivingstandards.Withmodestgrowthenergyuseandgreenhouseemissionsmorethandoubleby2050.Nogovernmentwilladoptstrictrestrictionsoneconomicgrowthandpersonalfreedomlimitsonelectricityusagedrivingandtravelthatmightcutbackglobalwarming.Stillpoliticianswanttoshowthey'redoingsomething.ConsidertheKyotoProtocol京都议定书.Itallowedcountriesthatjoinedtopunishthosethatdidn't.Butithasn'treducedC02emissionsupabout25%since1990andmanysignatories签字国didn'tadopttoughenoughpoliciestohittheir2008-2012targets.Thepracticalconclusionisthatifglobalwarmingisapotentialdisastertheonlysolutionisnewtechnology.Onlyanaggressiveresearchanddevelopmentprogrammightfindwaysofbreakingourdependenceonfossilfuelsordealingwithit.Thetroublewiththeglobalwarmingdebateisthatithasbecomeamoralproblemwhenit'sreallyanengineeringonE.Theinconvenienttruthisthatifwedon’tsolvetheengineeringproblemwe’rehelpless.47.Accordingtotheauthor'sunderstandingwhatisAlGore'sviewonglobalwarming?A.Itisarealitybothpeopleandpoliticiansareunawareof.B.Itisaphenomenonthatcausesusmanyinconveniences.C.ItisaproblemthatcanbesolvedonceitisrecognizeD.D.Itisanareaweactuallyhavelittleknowledgeabout.48.Greenhouseemissionswillmorethandoubleby2050becauseof___________A.economicgrowthB.wastefuluseofenergyC.thewideninggapbetweentherichandpoorD.therapidadvancesofscienceandtechnology49.TheauthorbelievesthatsincethesigningoftheKyotoProtocol__________A.politicianshavestartedtodosomethingtobetterthesituationB.fewnationshaveadoptedrealtoughmeasurestolimitenergyuseC.reductionsinenergyconsumptionhavegreatlycutbackglobalwarmingD.internationalcooperationhascontributedtosolvingenvironmentalproblems50.Whatisthemessagetheauthorintendstoconvey?A.GlobalwarmingismoreofamoralissuethanapracticalonE.B.Thefinalsolutiontoglobalarmingliesinnewtechnology.C.Thedebateoverglobalwarmingwillleadtotechnologicalbreakthroughs.D.Peoplehavetogiveupcertainmaterialcomfortstostopglobalwarming.

Mereisanastonishingandsignificantfact:Mentalworkalonecan’tmakeustireD.ItsoundsabsurD.Butafewyearsagoscientiststriedtofindouthowlongthehumanbraincouldlaborwithoutreachingastageoffatigue疲劳.Totheamazementofthesescientiststheydiscoveredthatbloodpassingthroughthebrainwhenitisactiveshowsnofatigueatall!Ifwetookadropofbloodfromadaylaborerwewouldfinditfulloffatiguetoxins毒素andfatigueproducts.ButifwetookbloodfromthebrainofanAlbertEinsteinitwouldshownofatiguetoxinsattheendoftheday.Sofarasthebrainisconcerneditcanworkaswellandswiftlyattheendofeightoreventwelvehoursofeffortasatthebeginning.Thebrainistotallytireless.Sowhatmakesustired?Somescientistsdeclarethatmostofourfatiguecomesfromourmentalandemotional情感的attitudes.OneofEngland’smostoutstandingscientistsJ.A.HadfieldsaysThegreaterpartofthefatiguefromwhichwesufferisofmentalorigin.InfactfatigueofpurelyphysicaloriginisrarE.Dr.BrillafamousAmericanscientistgoesevenfurther.HedeclaresOnehundredpercentofthefatigueofasittingworkeringoodhealthisduetoemotionalproblems.Whatkindsofemotionsmakesittingworkerstired?Joy?Satisfaction?No!A.feelingofbeingboredangeranxietytensenessworryafeelingofnotbeingappreciated-thosearetheemotionsthattiresittingworkers.HardworkbyitselfseldomcausesfatiguE.Wegettiredbecauseouremotionsproducenervousnessinthebody.64.Whatsurprisedthescientistsafewyearsago?A.Fatiguetoxinscouldhardlybefoundinalaborer’sblooD.B.AlbertEinsteindidn’tfeelwornoutafteraday’swork.C.ThebraincouldworkformanyhourswithoutfatiguE.D.Amentalworker’sbloodwasfilledwithfatiguetoxins.65.Accordingtotheauthorwhichofthefollowingcanmakesittingworkerstired?A.Challengingmentalwork.B.Unpleasantemotions.C.Endlesstasks.D.Physicallabor.66.What'stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthescientists’ideas?A.Heagreeswiththem.B.Hedoubtsthem.C.Hearguesagainstthem.D.Hehesitatestoacceptthem.67.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatinordertostayenergeticsittingworkersneedto_____.A.havesomegoodfoodB.enjoytheirworkC.exerciseregularlyD.discoverfatiguetoxins

ThePepperedMothakindofinsect昆虫isfoundinEnglanD.Itislightbrownincolourandlikestosettle栖息ontreeswhicharealsolightbrown.Thismakesthemothdifficulttobeseenandit’slesspossibleforthebirdstonoticeandeatit.Butwiththedevelopmentofindustry工业smokefromfactoriesbegantoreachthetreeswherethemothsettleD.Itmadethetreesblacker.Thensomethingverystrangetookplace:inindustrialareasthePepperedMothbegantochangecolour.Itbecamedarkeraswell.Thoughthechangetookseveralyearssomescientistssoonnoticethatnewly-bornmothswerealittledarkerthanusual.AscientistnamedKettlewelldecidedtomakeacarefulstudyofthisphenomenon现象.Hemarked标识someofthelightmothsandsomeofthedarkeronesandsetthemfreeinthewoodsnearBerminghamanindustrialcity.Laterherecaptured重新捕获asmanyasthemarkedmothsaspossiblE.Theresultswereasfollows.lightmothsdarkermothsMothssetfree201601mothsrecaptured3416%20634%Kettlewell'sresearch研究wasdoneintheearly1950s.SoonafterwardsBritainintroducednewlawstoreducesmokeandfactorypollution.Thenumberofthelightmothswouldbeontheriseonlyiftheairbecamecleaneragain.73.ThePepperedMothbegantochangeitscolourinindustrialareasbecause.A.itwouldlookmorebeautifulB.itcouldbelikethecolourofitsliving-placeC.ithadtokeepthebalanceofnatureD.itwasusuallydarkbrown74.FromtheresultsofKettlewell'sresearchwecanseethat.A.manymoreofthelightmothswerekilledoreatenB.morethanone-fifthofthelightmothswerenotkilledC.MorethanhalfofthedarkmothswerekeptsafeD.moredarkmothswerekilledinindustrialareas75.Astheairbecamecleaner.A.thenumberofthelightmothsbecamelargerB.thetotalnumberofthelightmothsremainedunchangedC.thereweremoreofthedarkermothsandfewerofthelightonesD.thedarkermothschangedintothelightonessuddenly

LaptopcomputersarepopularallovertheworlD.Peopleusethemontrainsandairplanesinairportsandhotels.TheselaptopsconnectpeopletotheirworkplacE.IntheUnitedStatestodaylaptopsalsoconnectstudentstotheirclassrooms.WestlakeCollegeinVirginiawillstartalaptopcomputerprogramthatallowsstudentstodoschoolworkanywheretheywant.Withinfiveyearseachofthe1500studentsatthecollegewillreceivealaptop.Thelaptopsarepartofa＄10millioncomputerprogramatWestlakea110-year-oldcollegE.ThestudentswithlaptopswillalsohaveaccesstotheInternet.Inadditiontheywillbeabletousee-mailtospeakwiththeirteacherstheirclassmatesandtheirfamilies.Howeverthemostimportantpartofthelaptopprogramisthatstudentswillbeabletousecomputerswithoutgoingtocomputerlabs.Theycanworkwithitathomeinafast-foodrestaurantorunderthetrees——anywhereatall!BecauseofthemanychangesincomputertechnologylaptopuseinhighereducationsuchascollegesanduniversitiesisworkablE.Aslaptopsbecomemorepowerfultheybecomemoresimilartodesktopcomputers.InadditiontheportablecomputerscanconnectstudentstonotonlytheInternetbutalsolibrariesandotherresources.Statehigher-educationofficialsarestudyinghowlaptopscanhelpstudents.Stateofficialsarealsotestinglaptopprogramsatotheruniversitiestoo.AtWestlakeCollegemorethan60percentofthestaffusecomputers.Thelaptopswillallowallteacherstousecomputersintheirlessons.AsoneWestlaketeachersaidHereweareinthemiddleofVirginiaandwe’regivingstudentsawindowontheworld.Theycanseeeverythinganddoeverything.55.Themainpurposeofthelaptopprogramistogiveeachstudentalaptopto________.A.usefortheirschoolworkB.searchtheInternetC.workathomeD.connectthemtolibraries56.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutWestlakeCollege?A.Allteachersusecomputers.B.1500studentshavelaptops.C.ItisanoldcollegeinAmericA.D.Studentstherecandoeverything.57.awindowontheworldinthelastparagraphmeansthatstudentscan________.A.attendlecturesoninformationtechnologyB.travelaroundtheworldC.getinformationfromaroundtheworldD.havefreelaptops58.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.TheprogramisterriblE.B.TheprogramisnotworkablE.C.TheprogramistooexpensivE.D.Wedon’tknowtheresultyet.

Whileonlyabout200astronautshavehadtheexcitementoflookingdownatEarthandcommandingsystemsontheInternationalSpaceStationactuallythousandsofeverydaymiddle-schoolstudentshaveexperiencedbyMiddleSchoolStudentsorEarthKAMacamerasystem.EarthKAMisaneducationalactivityandoutreach扩展investigationthatalsoresultsintemoteEarthsensingandobservation.UsingtheInternetthestudentscontrolaspecialdigitalcamerafixedaboardthespacestationenablingthemtophotographtheEarth'scosastlitnesmountainrangesandothergeographicitemsofinterestfromtheuniqueadvantagepointofspacE.WhileEarthKAMoffersapowerfulwayforstudentstoinvestigateEarthfromtheuniqueperspectiveofspaceitisalsoinspiringthenextgenerationofflightcontrollersforspaceprograms---involvinguniversitystudentstocontrolandoperatethecamerasystemandrelatedactivitiesfromthegrounD.IntheinterviewBrionAuoneoftheinvestigationdevelopersatNASA'sJohnsonSpaceCentresaidEarthKAMisapayload有效载荷bystudentsforstudents.TheyareinchaergE.Thissystemprovidesaviewpointthattheastronautshaveit'sjustawe-inspiring!Sofarstudentshavecapturedmorethan40000photosoftheEarthfromthespacestationasitorbitedtheEarthonceevery90minutestravelingat17500milesanhour.TheteamatEarthKAMpoststhesephotographsonlineforthepublicandparticipatingclassroomsaroundtheworldtoview.AuexplainsthatthiseducationinvestigationisinspiringstudentstoexploretheworldbyexaminingEarthwhilepromotionsocialstudiesartgeographysciencetechnologyandmathDRSallyRideoriginallyflyingontheshuttles.ThecameraislocatedinthewindowObservationalResearchFacilityalsoknownastheWORFoneofmanythestation'sresearchfacilities.71.Howhavethousandsofstudentsexperiencedsimilarexcitementasastronauts?A.Inthespacestation.B.Inthespaceship.C.Usingacamerasystem.D.Teamingupwithastronauts.72.Whatequipmentshouldthestudentsneedfortheresearch?A.Computer.B.Recorder.C.TelephonE.D.Radios.73.Whatdoesn'tbelongtothenextgenerationofflightcontrollersforspaceprograms?A.Universitystudents'controllingthecamerasystem.B.Universitystudents'operatingthecamerasystem.C.Universitystudents'relatedactivitiesfromthegrounD.D.Universitystudents'investigatingEarthfromspacE.74.WhoareresponsibleforEarthKAM?A.Theastronauts.B.Thestudents.C.Theinvestigationdevelopers.D.Theteachers.75.What'sthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.DR.SallyRideexplainsthedetailsofEarthKAMB.WhytheteamatEarthKAMpoststhesephotographsonlinE.C.EarthKAMprovidesaviewpointthattheastronautshavE.D.BrionAuexplainsthedetailsofEarthKAM.

AcoldbreezewasblowingacrosstheMutiusinazitavalleys.IhuddledclosetotheshelterofalargebaobabtreeinauselessattempttoescapethecolD.Iwaslookingafterasmallherdofgoatsinthevalley.AnideasuddenlycametomeandIdecidedtoembarkonanadventureinthesacredforestandhuntleavingmygoatsinthevalley.Itookmyknobkerrieandsmallspearandenteredtheforest.FortwohoursIhuntedandonlymanagedtokillasmallhareandtwobirds.Idecidedtocheckthegoats.Suddenlytherewasaterrificroarfromtheheartoftheforestwhichresultedineverylivingcreatureescapingforlifelikeagroupoffrightenedchildren.AsformeIjuststoodrootedtothespotonwhichIwasstanding.A.lionappearedfromthetrees.Iwastooterrifiedtoescapeforlifeorfalldown.Ijustdefecatedandurinatedonmyself大小便失禁andmyheartthrobbedasifitwasgoingtofinditswayoutofmychest.ThelionstoppedafewmetersfrommeandIrealizedthatitwasafrightenedlionwhichhadeludeddeathbythegunofhunters.Someofmycouragereducedthefearscreamedlikethehistoricalmad-manofLondon.Iclosedmyeyesandwaitedforthefateofbeingeaten.ButnothinghappeneD.Iopenedmyeyesfearfullyandstaredatwhatthelionwasdoinginamazement.Thelionwasfleeingfrommeasifthedevilwereafterit.Myscreamhadfrightenedit.ItooktomyheelsasifSatanhimselfwasaftermewithanedgedfork.Iwillneverforgetthatadventure.56.Whatdoyouthinktheauthordoesaccordingtothestory?A.hunterB.shepherdboyC.adventurerD.wildanimalprotector57.TheunderlinephraseembarkoninparA.2means.A.giveinB.makeupC.takeoffD.engagein58.WhenIheardtheroarI.A.wasbraveenoughtoscreamatit.B.wassofrightenedthatIescapedatonceC.wasterrifiedandfelldowntothegrounD.D.wastooscaredtomovE.59.Whatcanweknowaboutthefrightenedlion?A.Thelionletoutafearscreamwhilefleeing.B.ThelionwasfollowedbythedevilnamedSatan.C.Thelionwasscaredbytheillegalhunters.D.Thelionateallthegoatsinthevalley.60.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.A.IwasluckyenoughtosurvivethisadventurE.B.ItookoffmyheelswhenImetwiththelion.C.Iwitnessedthedevilrunningafterthelion.D.Ikilledalionandtwobirdswithaspear.

IntellectualpropertyIPisaproductofthemindthathascommercialvaluE.Theconceptdatesbackto1623whenthefirstpatentlawtoprotectIPrightswaspasseD.IPrightsprotectanartistfromhavinghis/hercreativeideascopiedbyanother.ForexampleifsomebodygeneratesanideaforanovelthatideaisprotectedbyIPrights.Ifsomeoneelsewishestorepresenttheideaordevelopitfurtherhe/shemustconsulttheoriginalartistswhowillnormallyberewardedfinanciallyforitsusE.Backinthe17thcenturyIPrightswereprimarilycarriedouttoprotectnewlydevelopedmanufacturingprocessesagainststealing.ButtodayintellectualpropertyrightsarealsoenjoyedbythosewhocreatemusicartandliteraturE.InrecentyearsIPrightshavebeenthefocusofagreatdealofdiscussionbecauseofatechnologywhichseemstoweakenthemaltogether:theInternet.Manyyearsagoifyouwantedarecordingofasongyouwouldhavetopurchaseitfromamusicstore;ifanovelfromabookstorE.InthosedaysIPrightswereeasilyprotectedsinceitwasverydifficulttoobtainintellectualpropertywithoutpayingforit.HoweveralotofIPincludingsongsfilmsbooksandartworkcanbedownloadedtodayfreeofchargeusingtheInternet.ThispracticehasnowtakentheworldbystormdramaticallyaffectingthewayinwhichweviewIPrights.64.AccordingtothewriterinthebeginningIPrightsweremainlyofuseto______.A.thosecreatingmusicartandliteratureB.engineersandinventorsC.novelistsD.thosenotreceivingfinancialrewardfortheirwork65.WhatdoweknowabouttheInternetaccordingtothepassage?A.ItmakesIPrightshardertoprotect.B.Itsellssongsandfilms.C.ItdoesnotaffectthewayweunderstandIPrights.D.Itpreventstheproductionofartwork.66.Accordingtoparagraph2whathastakentheworldbystorm?A.Intellectualpropertyrights.B.TheInternet.C.Freedownloading.D.Thelargenumberofsongsfilmsandbooks.

WaterPollutionandManWaterpollutionaffectsman’shealthrecreationaluseofwaterandsenseofbeauty.Thespreadofwater-carrieddiseaseisofgreatconcern.Inhighlydevelopedcountriesinparticularemphasishaschangedfromconcernoverbacterialdiseasetoconcernoverwater-carriedviral病毒性的diseasE.Viralhepatitis肝炎forexamplehasbeenfoundtooccurmorefrequentlyincitieswhosewatersupplieshavecomparativelyhighlevelsofwaterimpurity.Poisonouschemicalsfoundinstreamsthatareultimatelyusedforwatersuppliesalsocreateanimportantpublichealthproblem.Itisclearthatpoisonouschemicalsmustbeexcludedfromwaterbutmoreandmorechemicalsfromnewpesticides杀虫剂fertilizersandothernewproductshavebeenfoundinwater.Sincethepublichealthimportanceofthesechemicalsisnotyetfullyknowntheyareofincreasingconcern.Thechemicalsfromfertilizersarealsofindingtheirwayintowatersuppliesfrompollution.Asman’sdesireforwater-basedrecreationincreasesgreaterdemandsareplacedonthequalityofthewater.Thewatermustnotonlybutbeattractiveinappearancebutalsomeetcertainotherconditions.Sportssuchasswimminginvolvedirectcontactwithwaterandsowaterstandardsareraisedhigher.Therangeofwaterqualitynecessaryforindustrialprocessesvariesgreatlywiththeintendeduseofthewater.Thewaterusedinsteelmillsfoeexamplemusthavealowerchloride氧化物levelthanthatacceptedfordrinkingwater.Coolingwatercanoftenbeofcomparativelylowsanitary卫生的quality.A.largepartofthewaterusedinthepaper-makingindustryanbeofrelativelylowqualityinsomeaspectsbutmustcontainlittleironandcarbondioxidE.1.Thechemicalsfrompesticidesandfertilizersfoundinwaterareofincreasingconcernbecause_________.A.theirimportancetoman’shealthhasnotbeencompletelyknownB.theymaycausegroundwaterpollutiontheycanfindtheirwayintowatersuppliesforfarmerstheyareimportantfactorscontributingtothespreadofdisease2.Accordingtothepassagewater-basedrecreationdemandsthat_________.ThewatercontainahigherlevelofoxygenThewatercontainlittleironandcarbondioxideThewaterbeattractiveandofhighqualityThewaterstandardsbeappropriateforallsports3.Inthelastparagraphtheauthormentionsallofthefollowinitsfulltext?_________waterqualitynecessaryforsteelmillsB.softwaterandhardwaterforindustrialcoolingwateroflowsanitaryqualityD.waterstandardsforpeoplemills4.Asthepassageisnotcompletewhatdoyouthinkwouldfollowinitsfulltext?_________TherelationshipbetweencarbondioxideandpeoplemakingWaterpollution’sdirecteconomiceffectsonman.Examplesofcontinuedwaterpollution.Man’sviewsonwaterpollutionintermsofbeautyvalues.

Lifeonearthdependsonwaterandthereisnosubstituteforit.Thecurrentassumptionisthatourbasicneedsforwater—whetherfordrinkingagricultureindustryortheraisingoffish—willalwayshavetobemet.Giventhispremise前提therearetwobasicrouteswecango;moreequalaccesstowaterorbetterengineeringsolutions.Lookattheengineeringsolutionsfirst.A.lotofmyresearchconcentratesonwhathappenstowetlandswhenyoubuilddamsinriverbasinsparticularlyinAfricA.Theecologyofsuchareasisalmostentirelydrivenbytheseasonalchangesoftheriver—thepulseofthewater.Andthefactisthatifyoubuildadamyougenerallyspoilthedownstreamecology.Inthepastsuchproblemshavebeenhiddenbyalackofinformation.ButinthenearfuturegovernmentswillhavenoexcusesfortheirignorancE.Theengineers’abilitytocontrolwaterflowshascreatednewkindsofunpredictabilitytoo.DamsinAfricahavemeantfewerfishlessgrazingandlessfloodplain洪泛区agriculturenoneofwhichwereexpecteD.Andthereaverageeconomiclifeisassumedtobethirtyyears.Damsdon’texistforeverbutwhatwillreplacethemisnotclear.Thechallengeforthefutureistofindnewmeansofcontrollingwater.AlthoughGMtechnology转基因willallowustobreedbetterdry-landcropsthereisnomarketforcompaniestodevelopcropssuitableforthemicro-climatesoftheSahelandelsewhereinAfricA.WhoisgoingtopayforresearchonlocallyappropriatecropsintheThirdWorld?56.What’sthemainideaofthispassage?A.Theengineeringsolutionstowaterresourceandtheirlimitation.B.ThechallengeforthefuturE.C.Thebasicmeansofcontrollingwater.D.Thechallengefordevelopingcrops.57.Theauthorsuggeststhatgovernmentswillhavenoexcusefortheircarelessignoranceinthefuturebecause_____.A.TheecologicaldestructionwillbeknowntothepublicbyresearchersB.TheecologicaldestructionwillnolongerbeaprobleminthefutureC.ThefutureisaninformationageD.Governmentswillfacegreaterchallengeinthefuture58.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueformeetingourbasicneedsforwater?A.Waterresourceshouldbeusedmorereasonably.B.Moredamsshouldbebuiltinriverbasins.C.Morewetlandsshouldbeprotectedfromdestruction.D.Moredry-landcropscouldbedevelopedinAfricA.59.Thelastsentenceprobablyimpliesthat_____.A.NoonewillinvestindevelopinglocallyappropriatecropsinAfricaB.Researchershavenointerestindevelopingdry-landcropsC.ResearchonlocallyappropriatecropsintheThirdWorldmaybeprofitableD.ThereislesswaterresourceintheThirdWorld

AstherailroadsandthehighwaysshapedtheAmericanWestinthepastcenturiesanewelectricalgenerating发电andtransmission输送systemforthe21stcenturywillleavealastingmarkontheWestforbetterorworsE.Muchoftherealsignificanceofrailroadsandhighwaysisnotintheirdirectphysicaleffectonthescenerybutinthewaysthattheyaffectthesurroundingcommunity.ThesameistrueofbigsolarplantsandthepowerlinesthatwillbelaiddowntomoveelectricityarounD.The19thcenturysawlandgrants政府拨地offeredtorailroadcompaniestobuildthetranscontinentalrailroadsleavingpubliclandinbetweenprivatelyownedlanD.InmuchoftheWestsomeoftherailroadsectionsweredevelopedwhileothersremainedundevelopedandinbothcasesthelandownershiphaspresenteduniquechallengestolandmanagement.WiththecompletionoftheinterstatehighwaysystemmanyofthesmalltownswhichsprangupasrailwaystopsanddevelopedwellhavelosttheirlifebloodanddieD.BigsolarplantsandtheirpowerlineswillalsohaveeffectsfarbeyondtheirdirectfootprintintheWest.Thisisnotanargumentagainstbuildingthem.Weneedalternativeenergybadlyandtoreallytakeadvantageofitweneedtobeabletomoveelectricityaroundfarmorereadilythanwecannow.Sotrade-offswillhavetobemadE.SomescenicspotswillbesacrificeD.Somespecies物种willbeforcedtomoveorwillbecarefullymovedtospecialaccommodations.Dealswillbestrucktoreducetheimmediateeffects.Thelastingeffectsofthesetrade-offsareanothermatter.The21stcenturydevelopmentoftheAmericanWestasanidealplaceforalternativeenergyisgoingtothrowoffalotofpowerandmoneyintheregion.TherearechancesforthatpowerandmoneytodoalotofgooD.Butitisjustaslikelythattheywillbespentwastefullyandwillleavenewproblemsbehindjustliketherailroadsandthehighways.Themoneysetasideinnegotiatedtrade-offsandtheinstitutionsthatcontrolitwillshapetheWestfarbeyondtheimmediatefootprintofpowerplantsandtransmissionlines.Solet’sremembertheeffectsoftherailroadsandthehighwaysasweconstructthesenewpowerplantsintheWest.68.Whatwastheproblemcausedbytheconstructionoftherailways?A.SmalltownsalongtherailwaysbecameabandoneD.B.LandintheWestwashardtomanagE.C.SomerailroadstopsremainedunderuseD.D.Landgrantswentintoprivatehands.69.Whatisthemajorconcerninthedevelopmentofalternativeenergyaccordingtothelasttwoparagraphs?A.Theuseofmoneyandpower.B.Thetransmissionofpower.C.Theconservationofsolarenergy.D.TheselectionofanidealplacE.70.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsbuildingsolarplants?A.Disapproving.B.Approving.C.Doubtful.D.Cautious.71.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowtheRailwaysHaveAffectedtheWestB.HowtheEffectsofPowerPlantsCanBeReducedC.HowSolarEnergyCouldReshapetheWestD.HowtheProblemsoftheHighwaysHaveBeenSettled

Forsometimepastithasbeenwidelyacceptedthatbabies—andothercreatures—learntodothingsbecausecertainactsleadtorewards.Itusedalsotobewidelybelievedthateffectiverewardatleastintheearlystageshadtobedirectlyrelatedtosuchbasicphysiologicaldrivesasthirstorhunger.InotherwordsababywouldlearnifhegotfoodordrinkofsomesortofphysicalcomfortnototherwisE.Itisnowclearthatthisisnotso.BabieswilllearntobehaveinwaysthatproduceresultswithnorewardexceptthesuccessfuloutcomE.Papousekbeganhisstudiesbyusingmilkinthenormalwaytorewardthebabiesandsoteachthemtocarryoutsomesimplemovementssuchasturningtheheadtoonesideortheother.ThenhenoticedthatababywhohadhadenoughtodrinkwouldrefusethemilkbutwouldstillgoonmakingthelearnedresponsewithclearsignsofpleasurE.Sohebegantostudythechildren’sresponsesinsituationswherenomilkwasprovideD.Hequicklyfoundthatchildrenasyoungasfourmonthswouldlearntoturntheirheadstorightorleftifthemovementswitchedonadisplayoflights—andindeedthattheyhadtheabilitytolearnquitecomplexturnstobringaboutthisresultforinstancetwoleftortworightoreventomakeasmanyasthreeturnstoonesidE.Papusek’slightdisplaywasplaceddirectlyinfrontofthebabiesandhemadetheinterestingobservationthatsometimestheywouldnotturnbacktowatchthelightscloselyalthoughtheywouldsmileandbubblewhenthedisplaycameon.Papousekconcludedthatitwasnotprimarilythesightofthelightswhichpleasedthemitwasthesuccesstheywereachievinginsolvingtheprobleminmasteringtheskillandthatthereexistsafundamentalhumanurgetomakesenseoftheworldandbringitunderintentionalcontrol.63.Accordingtotheauthorbabieslearntodothingswhich______.A.aredirectlyrelatedtopleasureB.willbringthemafeelingofsuccessC.willmeettheirphysicalneedsD.willsatisfytheircuriosity64.Papouseknoticedinhisstudiesthatababywould______.A.makelearnedresponseswhenitsawthemilkB.carryoutlearnedmovementswhenithadenoughtodrinkC.continuethesimplemovementswithoutbeinggivenmilkD.turnitsheadtorightorleftwhenithadenoughtodrink65.Thebabieswouldsmileandbubbleatthelightsbecause______.A.thelightsweredirectlyrelatedtosomebasicdrivesB.thesightofthelightswasinterestingC.theyneednotturnbacktowatchthelightsD.theysucceededinswitchingonthelights66.AccordingtoPapousekthebabies’pleasureinachievingsomethingisareflectionof_____.A.abasichumandesiretounderstandandcontroltheworldB.thesatisfactionofcertainphysiologicalneedsC.theirstrongdesiretosolvecomplexproblemsD.afundamentalhumanurgetodisplaytheirlearnedskills

Stormsbroughtatornadoand2-mch-thinhail冰雹toWyomingonThursdayadayafterthunderstormshitpartsofWyomingandColoradowithgolfball-sizedhailandheavyrain.ThreehomeswereheavilydamagedbythetornadoonThursdayand10to12otherbuildingsalsohaddamage.Onepersonwastreatedatahospitalforacutonthehead.Somepowerlineswerealsodowntotheground.ThetornadotoucheddownbrieflynearWheatlandnorthofCheyenneinapopulatedareaofficialssaid.HailthesizeofgolfballswasreportedintheWheatlandareaand2-inch-thinhailwasreportedinLaramie.Forecasterssaidthunderstormsthatcanspawntornadoescoulddevelopandfloodingwaspossible.Citizensshouldbecareful.AfirewhichisbelievedtohavebeenstartedbylightningonSundaynighthasburnedabout3500acresabout20milesnorthwestofWheatland.About120firefightersaidedbyhelicoptersandairtankerswereonthescene.Therainprovidedsomehelpforfirefighterswhofullycontrolleda227-acrewildfireinnorthernColoradobuttheweatherinthebeginninghurteffortstocontrola6000-acreblaze火焰inWyoming'sMedicineBowNationalForest.StormspassedclosetotheWyomingfirebutmostlybroughtwindsthatfannedtheflames.Rainandhailfelllaterbutdidn'tmakeabigdifferencesaidfirespokeswomanBethHermanson.KyleFredinworkingfortheNationalWeatherServiceinDenversaidthebeginningofJuneisthepeaktimeforsuchsevereweatherinColorado.Mostofthestatehasbeenexperiencingmoderate-to-extremedroughtconditions.60.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordspawninParagraph2mean.A.CauseB.InvolveC.TolerateD.Reject61.Fromthetextwecanlearnthewildfireabout20milesnorthwestofWheatland____.A.hasbeenburningforawholeweekB.wasstartedbysomeoneonpurposeC.diedoutimmediatelytheraincameD.wasveryhardforfirefighterstocontrol62.Theweatherhurteffortstocontrola6000-acreblazebecause____.A.stormsdidn'tpassclosetotheWyomingfireB.heavywindsstoppedfirefightersfromworkingC.rainandhailstoppedfirefightersfromworkingD.theflamesbecameworseafterthestormsbroughtwinds63.AccordingtowhatKyleFredinsaidwecaninferthat_____.A.ColoradohasneverexperiencedsuchsevereweatherbeforeB.it'snotstrangethatastormhitColoradoatthebeginningofJuneC.moderate-to-extremedroughtconditionsoftenleadtothunderstormsD.Coloradowillbefrequentlyhitbysevereweatherinthefollowingmonths

Thecheetah猎豹isbestknownforbeingtheworld’sfastestlandanimalreachingspeedsofjustover110kphforshortperiodoftimE.Howevermanypeopleknowlittleelseaboutthiswonderfulanimal.ThewordcheetahprobablycomesfromaHindiwordspottedanimal.Itisverysimilartoothercatsbutalsohassomeobviousdifferences.Itsbodyismuchleanerthanmostcatsandithasmuchlongerlegs.Peoplesometimesmakeacheetahaleopard美洲豹becausetheybothhavespotsbutinfacttheyareverydifferent.A.leopardisfarheavierandmorepowerfulbutalsomuchslower.Thecheetah’sspotscovermostofitsbodyexceptforitsstomachandthroat.Thecheetah’stailhasspotsandthesebecomeringsattheendofthetail.Anadultcheetahweighsbetween35-65kilogramsandisabout80centimetershighattheshoulder.Thecheetah’sheadisquitesmallandtheeyesarequitehighup.A.blacklinerunsfromeacheyedowntoitsmouthandmakesitlookalittlesaD.Ithashighshouldersthathelpittowalksogracefully.Cheetahsareveryfastbuttheyarenotverystrong.TheyarenotgoodfightersandwillrunawayratherthanfightanotheranimaltoprotecttheirfooD.IftheymakeakillitissometimestakenawayfromthembystrongeranimalssuchaslionsandleoparD.TheseanimalswillkilltheiryoungiftheygetthechancE.Thecheetahisnotathreattohumansatall.Itwillnotattackhumansandpreferstostayawayfromoccupiedareas.68.Manypeopleknowthatthecheetah________A.isafastrunnerB.runsfasterthananyotheranimalonlandC.runsasfastasitcanD.isveryfastforperiodsoftime69.Thecheetah________A.hasspotsalloveritsbodyincludingitstailB.hasspotsonitsstomachandthroatC.doesnothavespotsonitsstomachandthroatD.hasspotseverywhereexceptforitsstomachandthroat70.Cheetahswillnotfightanotheranimaltoprotecttheirfoodbecause_______A.theycanquicklyrunawayB.theyareveryfastrunnersC.TheywanttoprotecttheiryoungD.Theyarepoorfighters

Usingtoomuchwaterorthrowingrubbishintoourriversareclearwaysthathumanscanputourwatersupplyindangerbutwealsoaffectourwatersupplyinlessobviousways.Youmaywonderhowpaving铺砌aroadcanleadtolessusablefreshwater.A.majorpartofthewaterweuseeverydayisgroundwater.Groundwaterdoesnotcomefromlakesorrivers.ItcomesfromundergrounD.Themoreroadsandparkinglotswepavethelesswatercanflowintothegroundtobecomegroundwater.Hunanactivityisnotresponsibleforallwatershortages短缺.Drierclimatesareofcoursemorelikelytohavedroughts干旱thanareaswithmorerainfallbutinanycasegoodmanagementcanhelptomakesurethereisenoughwatertomeetourbasicneeds.Thinkingaboutthewayweusewatereverydaycanmakeabigdifferencetoo.IntheUnitedStatesafamilyoffourcanuse1.5tonsofwateraday!Thisshowshowmuchdependonwatertolivebutthere’salotwecandotolowerthenumber.YoucantakestepstosavewaterinyouhomE.Tostartwithusethesameglassfordrinkingwaterallday.Washitonlyonceaday.Runyourdishwasheronlywhenitisfull.HelpyourparentsfixanyleaksinyourhomE.Youcanevenhelptokeepourwatersupplycleanbyrecyclingbatteriesinsteadofthrowingthemaway.60.Whichofthefollowingismostlikelytoleadtolessgroundwater?A.Usingriverwater.B.Throwingbatteriesaway.C.Pavingparkinglots.D.Throwingrubbishintolakes.61.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Allwatershortagesareduetohumanbehavior.B.Ittakesalotofefforttomeetourwaterneeds.C.ThereismuchwecandotoreducefamilysizE.D.TheaveragefamilyinAmericamakesproperuseofwater.63.Thelastparagraphisintendedto_______.A.showushowtofixleaksathomeB.tellushowtorunadishwaterC.provewhatdrinkingglassisbestforus.D.suggestwhatwedotosavewaterathome64.Thetextismainlyabout________.A.whypavingroadsreduceourwaterB.howmuchwedependonwatertoliveC.whydroughtsoccurmoreindryclimatesD.howhumanactivityaffectsourwatersupply

Honeybeescandothreekindsofjobs.ThehoneybeeisoneofthemostunusualinsectsintheworlD.Beesarespecialbecausetheydivideuptheirwork.Eachbeehasacertainjobtodo.Thebusiestbeeistheworker.WorkersbuildthenestcalledahivE.Insidethehiveworkersmakeahoneycombfromwax蜂蜡.TheystorehoneythereforfooD.WorkersarealwayscleaningandfixingthehivE.TheyevenstandattheopeningandfantheirwingstocoolthehivE.Workerbeeswillattackanything—evenpeople—tokeeptheirhivesafE.Anotherkindofbeeisthedrone雄蜂.Dronesaremalebeesandtheirjobistoflywiththequeenbeeandmatewithher.Afterthequeenmatestheworkerbeesdrivethedronesaway.Thedronesthenstarvetodeath.Thethirdkindofbeeisthequeen.Eachhiveneedsonlyonequeenandherjobislayingeggs.Shecanlayasmanyas2000eggsaday.64.Thebee’snestiscalleda_______.A.dronE.B.honeycomB.C.hivE.D.wax.65.Waxisusedtomakethe_______.A.nest.B.honeycomB.C.fan.D.hivE.66.Whichjobsdoworkersdo?A.Theylay2000eggseachdayandbuildanest.B.TheymatewiththequeenbeeandthenstarvE.C.Theycleanthehiveandkeepitcool.D.TheyattackthequeenbeE.67.Accordingtothestorybees_______.A.areverydangerousinsects.B.willattackanythingoranyonetoprotectthehiveifnecessary.C.arelikeanyotherinsectthatflies.D.eateachotherasfooD.

Everyonehasgottwopersonalities—theonethatisshowntotheworldandtheotherthatissecretandreal.Youdon'tshowyoursecretpersonalitywhenyou'reawakebecauseyoucancontrolyourbehaviourbutwhenyou'reasleepyoursleepingpositionshowstherealyou.Inanormalnightofcoursepeoplefrequentlychangetheirposition.Theimportantpositionistheonethatyougotosleepin.Ifyougotosleeponyourbackyou'reaveryopenperson.Younormallytrustpeopleandyouareeasilyinfluencedbyfashionornewideas.Youdon'tliketoupsetpeoplesoyouneverexpressyourrealfeelings.You'requiteshyandyouaren'tveryconfident.Ifyousleeponyourstomachyouarearathersecretive不坦率的person.Youworryalotandyou'realwayseasilyupset.You'reverystubborn顽固的butyouaren'tveryambitious.Youusuallylivefortodaynotfortomorrow.ThismeansthatyouenjoyhavingagoodtimE.Ifyousleepcurledup卷曲youareprobablyaverynervousperson.Youhavealowopinionofyourselfandsoyou'reoftendefensivE.You'reshyandyoudon'tnormallylikemeetingpeoplE.Youprefertobeonyourown.You'reeasilyhurt.Ifyousleeponyoursideyouhaveusuallygotawell-balancedpersonality.Youknowyourstrengthsandweaknesses.You'reusuallycareful.Youhaveaconfidentpersonality.Yousometimesfeelanxiousbutyoudon'toftengetdepresseD.YoualwayssaywhatyouthinkevenifitannoyspeoplE.61.Accordingtothewriteryounaturallyshowyoursecretandrealpersonality_______.A.onlyinanormalnightB.onlywhenyouaresleepingC.onlywhenyourefusetoshowyourselftotheworldD.onlywhenyouchangesleepingposition62.WhichisNOTmentionedinthesecondparagraphaboutaperson'spersonalityA.Heorsheisalwaysopenwithothers.B.Heorshealwayslikesnewideasearlierthanothers.C.Heorsheisalwayseasilyupset.D.Heorshetendstobelieveinothers.63.PointoutwhichsentenceisusedtoshowthepersonalityofapersonwhoisusedtosleepingonhisorherstomachA.Heorsheiscarefulnottooffendothers.B.Heorshedoesn'twanttosticktohisorheropinion.C.Heorshemaynotbesuccessfulinanybusiness.D.Heorshelikestobringothershappiness.64.Maybeyoudon'twanttomakefriendswithapersonwhosleepscurledup.WhyA.Heorshewouldratherbealonethancommunicatewithyou.B.Heorsheisrarelyreadytohelpyou.C.Heorsheprefersstayingathometogoingout.D.Heorshewouldn'tliketogethelpfromyou.65.Itappearsthatthewritertendstothinkhighlyofthepersonwhosleepsononesidebecause__________.A.heorshealwaysshowssympathyforpeopleB.heorsheisconfidentbutnotstubbornC.heorshehasmorestrengthsthanweaknessesD.heorsheoftenconsidersannoyingpeople

Mostpeoplehaveheardthesoundofbeesamongflowers.BeeslivealmosteverywhereintheworldexceptintheArcticareas.Manykindsofagriculturedependonthesesmallsocialinsects.Withoutbeesfruitandnutgrowersaswellasmanyotherfarmerswouldnothaveacrop.Therearemorethan20000kindsofbees.ButonlyhoneybeesmakeenoughhoneyforpeopletousE.Honeybeesarehighly-organizedsocialinsects.Theyworktogetherinagroupcalledacolony群体.Eachcolonylivesinahive蜂房.Itcontainsonequeenbee--shelaysalltheeggsfromwhichthemembersofthecolonycomE.Eachcolonyhasonlyafewhundredmalescalleddrones.Themajorityofallbeesinacolonyareworkerswhichareallfemales.Beesevenhaveaspecialstomachcalledahoneystomachwhichisusedtostoresweetfluidthatthebeesgatherfromflowers.Beesalsohavelonghairsontheirbodyandlegs.Thesehairscapturepollen花粉asbeesgofromflowertoflower.SomeofthepollenistakenbacktothehivE.Somehoweverispassedtothenextflower.ThisishowmanyplantsarefertilizeD.Pollenisthereproductivematerialofplants.Manyimportantagriculturalcropsdependonbeesforfertilization.Insidetheirhivesbeesstoresweetliquidfromflowersandpollenaswell.Theymayevengathersweetliquidfromsomeotherkindsofinsects.ThesekindsofsweetliquidarealsostoredinthehivE.Beesmakehoneythroughaprocess.Theyaddliquidfromtheirownmouthstosweetliquidintosimplesugar.Asthehoneyisstoreditdries.Itbecomesthickeranddarker.Althoughbeesareoftenthoughtofashoneymakerstheyprovideasurprisingnumberofproducts.Alsotheirgreatesteconomicvalueisinfertilizingcrops-notinmakinghoney.67.Thepassageismainlyabout.A.beesandtheircolonyB.thewayforbeestopasspollenC.beesandagricultureD.theprocessforbeestomakehoney68.Honeybeesaresocialinsectsbecause.A.theyworkingroupsB.thereisqueenbeeineverycolonyC.theyliveinahiveD.eachofthemdoesthesamejob69.Themostvaluablethinghoneybeesdoforpeopleisin.A.makinghoneyB.fertilizingcropsC.makingflowersgrowbetterD.producingpollen70.ThewordfertilizeinthesentenceThisishowmanyplantsarefertilizeD.probablymeans.A.tomakeplantsstrongandproductiveB.tomakesoilrichforplantsC.tostartthedevelopmentofyoungflowersD.tointroducepollenintoplants

Manypeoplethinkofdirtasbeingdirty!Parentsoftentelltheirchildrennottoplayindirtortogetitontheirclothes.Andtherearereasonsforthat—soiloftencontainsthingslikebacteria细菌parasites寄生虫andpollutantsthatcanmakepeoplesick.Withsomanyrisksitisnosurprisethatmanypeoplefindgeophagy—theeatingofearthorsoil-unacceptablE.YetgeophagyisactuallyacommonpracticeinmanypartsoftheworlD.Sincepeopletendtobeveryselectiveaboutwhichsoiltheyeatthepracticehasalsocreatedanindustry.InNigeriathevillageofUzallaprocessesover500tonsofsoilayearforsaleandconsumptioninmarketshundredsofkilometersaway.GeophagyalsohasalonghistoryintheU.S.wheresomeeatsoilandshippackagesofittorelativesfarfromhomE.SoilisalsosoldasanutritionalsupplementsimilartovitaminsinsomepartsofAsiA.Thefactthattheeatingofsoilisalsowidespreadintheanimalkingdomsuggeststhatgeophagymayevenbeanaturalprocess.Somesoilsaresurprisinglyrichinnutrientssuchasironandcopper.Peoplecanoftengetmoreofthesenutrientsfromgeophagythanfromtakingvitamins.ThismaybewhytheeatingofsoilisoftenmostcommonamongpregnantwomenandnursingmotherswhousesoilforcertainnutrientstheyneeD.UnfortunatelygeophagyisalsopracticedtoavoidhungerwhenotherfoodisscarcE.InpoorcountriesfoodcanbecomesoexpensivethatpeoplesubstitutesoilforflourorricE.Thisisaserioussocialproblembecausesoilcan’tprovideabalanceddietthoughitisrichinnutrients.56.Whydopeoplethinkdirtisdirty?Nomorethan10words57.Whatledtothedevelopmentofgeophagyindustry?Nomorethan15words58.Wheredoestheeatingofsoilseemlikeanaturalprocess?Nomorethan5words59.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordsubstituteinthelastparagraphmean?Nomorethan1word60.Doyouthinksoilcantaketheplaceoffood?Why?Nomorethan25words

AlltheoceansoftheworldwillbedeadinthefutureunlessactionistakenatoncE.Howcanthishappen?WehavealreadyseenthatpeopleallowallsortsofwasteproductstoflowintotheseA.Itisalmostimpossibletomeasurehowmuchwastewaterandindustrialwasteinouroceansbutwecanfindouthowmuchoilispouredintothemlegallyandillegally.Itisillegaltopouroilintotheseaclosetotheshorebutwhenashipismanymilesouttoseatherearenosuchrules.ScientistshavedifferentideasastotheamountofoilputtingintotheseabutthelowestfigureforoilpouredinEuropeanwatersaloneisnearly200000tonseveryyear.Somepeoplesaythefigurecouldbetentimesashigh.Itisnotonlyourcoaststhatsufferfromoilpollution.Manyshellfishforexamplenowhavehighamountsofpoisonoussubstances物质.Nexttimeyouhaveshellfishtoeathowcanyoubesurethattheyarefreefromoilpollution?Youcannotseetheeffectsandyoucannottastethemeither.Itisreallyquiteaproblem.51.Thispassageismainlyabout_________________.A.pollutionintheoceansB.oilpollutioninthewatersC.theamountsofpoisoninshellfishD.theamountsofoilinthesea52.Accordingtothepassagewhatisthemaincauseofoilpollution?A.Oilshipswhichmeetandstrikeeachother.B.Oilpouredatseawhentheoiltanksarecleanedout.C.OilfromwastewaterandindustrialwastE.D.OilcomingoutofthebottomoftheseA.53.Whichofthefollowingisillegalaccordingtothepassage?A.PouringoilintotheseafromlandespeciallywhenthereisnootherchoicE.B.PouringoilatseasidE.C.Allowingwastematerialstoflowintothewaters.D.Goingfishingwhenthewaterispollutedbyoil.54.AccordingtothepassagewhichoneisTRUE?A.Theamountofoilputintotheseaisnearly2000000tonsintheglobE.B.Everyyearthefigureforoilpouredintheoceanis1000000tonsinEuropE.C.Somepeoplethinkthefigureforoilpouredisestimatedtoolow.D.Thehighestamountofoilputintotheoceansreaches1000000tonsinglobE.55.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisWRONGaccordingtothepassage?A.Thewaterbodyoftheearthwillbedeadbytheyear2010withoutanyeffectivemeasurE.B.AlltheOceansintheworldarepollutedbyoil.C.It'spossiblethatallthecreaturesintheseawilldieoutifnoactionistaken.D.Somekindsofthelivingthingsinwatershavebeenpoisonedandwemustbecarefulofthem.

Sincewenowliveinadigitalworldthestudents’technologyneedshavealsochangeD.Fortheearlyyearssaywhenyouareinprimaryschoolyoucangetbywithnotechnologyatall.Evenifyouhaveacomputerit'sagoodideatogetthechildrenfamiliarwithlibraries.Atthisagetripstothelibraryarelikefamilyoutings.AsyougetclosertomiddleschoolacomputerwithInternetaccessbecomesmoreofanecessity.TeacherswilloftengiveassignmentsthatrequireastudenttousetheInternetforresearch.Afteracomputertechnologychoicesforstudentsbecomemoredifficulttomake---especiallywhenitcomestocell-phones.Kidswillbegtheirparentsforacell-phoneespeciallyinmiddleschool.Formanyparentsit'sasafetyissue:Theywanttoknowthattheirkidscanreachthemquicklyifnecessary.Forteacherscellphonescanbeusedtorecordlessonswhenstudentsareabsent.Butmanyteachersdislikecell-phones.Somekidssendmessagesorhavetalksintheclass.Sendingmessagesalsoraisestheproblemofcheatingonexams.Moreandmoreschoolsarenowforbiddingtheuseofcell-phones.ManykidsseeiPodsasnecessarythingstohavE.iPodsaregreatformusicbutdotheydoanythinggoodforyourchildren’seducation?Maybetheydo.That’stheopinionofDougJohnsonaneducatorfor30years.JohnsonsaysthateducatorsshouldacceptallnewformsoftechnologyintheclassroomincludingiPods.Somedomorewiththeircell-phonesthanwecandowithourlaptopshejokes.Idon’tthinkweshouldbeafraiD.Thetruthisthatit’seasiertochangethewayweteachthantochangethetechnologyhabitsofanentiregeneration.41.Accordingtotheauthorprimaryschoolchildrenshould___.A.usethecomputerandtheInternetregularlyB.asktheirparentstobuythemcell-phonesC.buyiPodstolistentomusicD.gotolibrariestoreadmorebooks42.Whydoparentsagreetobuytheirchildrencell-phones?A.Theywanttheirchildrentobecool.B.Theythinkcell-phonesbehelpfultotheirstudy.C.Theywanttokeepintouchwiththeirchildren.D.TheywanttheirchildrentokeepuptodatE.43.ThefollowingareallreasonswhymanyteachersdislikecellphonesEXCEPT____.A.cell-phonescanbeusedtocheatonexamsB.schoolchildrenwillsendmessagesduringclassC.cell-phonescanbeusedtorecordlessonsD.schoolchildrenmighttalkonthemduringclass44.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordthatrefersto?A.iPodscanbeusedtolistentomusiC.B.iPodscanbehelpfulforchildren’seducation.C.iPodscanbeusedtoplaygames.D.iPodsarenecessaryforchildren’slives.45.WecaninferfromwhatDougJohnsonsaidthat_____.A.cellphonesarenotusefultostudentsB.teachersshouldletstudentsusecell-phonesC.it’sbetterforteacherstochangetheirteachingmethodsD.schoolchildrenshouldfollowthetrendsoffashion

Self-employedprivatephysicianswhochargeafeeforeachpatientvisitarethefoundationofmedicalpracticeintheUnitedStates.Mostphysicianshaveacontractrelationshipwithoneormorehospitalsinthecommunity.Theysendtheirpatientstothishospitalwhichusuallychargespatientsaccordingtothenumberofdaystheystayandthefacilitiesoperatingroomtestsmedicinesthattheyuse.Somehospitalsbelongtoacityastateorinthecaseofveteran'shospitalsafederalgovernmentagency.Othersareoperatedbyreligiousorders教会orothernon-profitgroups.Somemedicaldoctorsareonsalary.Salariedphysiciansmayworkashospitalstaffmembersorresidentswhoareoftenstillintraining.Theymayteachinmedicalschoolsbehiredbycorporationstocarefortheirworkersorworkforthefederalgovernment’sPublicHealthServicE.PhysiciansareamongthebestpaidprofessionalsintheUnitedStates.Inthe1980sitwasnotuncommonformedicaldoctorstoearnincomesofmorethan$100000ayear.Specialistsparticularlysurgeonsmightearnseveraltimesthatamount.Physicianslistmanyreasonswhytheydeservetobesowellrewardedfortheirwork.OnereasonisthelongandexpensivepreparationrequiredtobecomeaphysicianintheUnitedStates.Mostwould-bephysiciansfirstattendcollegeforfouryearswhichcancostnearly$20000ayearatoneofthebestprivateinstitutions.Prospectivephysiciansthenattendmedicalschoolforfouryears.Tuitionalonecanexceed$10000ayear.Bythetimetheyhaveobtainedtheirmedicaldegreesmanyyoungphysiciansaredeeplyindebt.Theystillfacethreetofiveyearsofresidency实习阶段inahospitalthefirstyearasanapprenticephysician.Thehoursarelongandthepayisrelativelylow.Settingupamedicalpracticeisexpensivetoo.Sometimesseveralphysicianswilldecidetoestablishagrouppracticesotheycansharetheexpenseofmaintaininganofficeandbuyingequipment.Thesephysiciansalsotakecareofeachother’spatientsinemergencies.Physiciansworklonghoursandmustacceptagreatdealofresponsibility.Manymedicalproceduresevenquiteroutineonesinvolverisk.Itisunderstandablethatphysicianswanttobewellrewardedformakingdecisionswhichcanmeanthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.56.AccordingtothepassageitisveryunlikelythatanAmericanhospitalisownedby______.A.achurchB.acorporationC.acityD.astate57.Theexpensesforbecomingadoctorarespenton_______.A.schoolingandretrainingB.practiceinahospitalC.facilitiesheorsheusesD.educationheorshereceives58.Accordingtothepassagehowlongdoesittakeforawould-bephysiciantobecomeanindependentphysicianintheUSA?A.Aboutsevenyear.B.Eightyears.C.Tenyears.D.Abouttwelveyears.59.Sometimesseveralphysicianssetupagroupmedicalpracticemainlybecause_______.A.therearesomanypatientsthatitisdifficultforonephysiciantotakecareallofthemB.theycantaketurnstoworklonghoursC.facilitiesmaybetoomuchofaburdenforonephysiciantoshoulderD.noonewantstoassumetoomuchresponsibility60.Whichofthefollowingstatementscouldfullyexpresstheauthor’sviewtowardsphysicians’paymentintheUSA?A.Fortheirexpensiveeducationandtheirresponsibilitytheydeserveahandsomepay.B.Itisreasonableforphysicianstohavealargeincomebecausetheirworkisverydangerous.C.Physiciansshouldbebetterpaidbecausetheyworklonghoursunderbadconditions.D.PhysicianshavegreatresponsibilitysoitisunderstandablethattheyshouldbewellrewardeD.

OnFebruary11960ImetthreeofmyfriendsattheNorthCarolinaA.&TCollegelibraryinGreensboroandtogetherwewalkedthemiletoWoolworth’s.AtthattimeintheSouthAfricanAmericansweren’tallowedtoeatwithwhites.Woolworth’shadaseparatelunchcounterinthebasementforNegroes黑人.MyfriendsandIhadagreedthatwewouldsitdownatthewhitelunchcounterandasktobeserveD.Andwedidjustthat.Immediatelyspoonsstoppedhalfwaytopeople’smouths.Everyeyewasonus.AgainweaskedthewaitressforcoffeeandsaiditwasacustomnottoservetheblackpeoplE.AndIaskedButyoudoagreethatthecustomiswrongdon’tyou?Wewereverypolite----ourgoalwastomakesurethatpeopledidtherightthing.Sowesattherewaiting.AnangrypolicemancameinandstoppedrightbehindmE.IcouldfeelhishotbreathonmyneckashestoodovermE.IsaidtomyselfThisisit.Buthejuststoodthereforaminuteandthenbackedawayandstartedpacingupanddown.Icametorealize:hedidn’tknowwhattodo.Alittleoldwhiteladysittingfartherdownthecounterfinishedhersandwichandheadedstraightforus.Ipreparedmyselfforablast一阵ofabuse.InsteadsheputherhandsonourshouldersandsaidBoysIamsoproudofyou.Ionlyregretthatyoudidn’tdothistenyearsago.Thataddedtomydeterminationtoseeitthrough.WewentbacktothatlunchcountereverydayforsixmonthsuntilAfricanAmericanswerefinallyservedineveryrestaurant.71.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordabuseinthethirdparagraphprobablymean?A.Greatencouragement.B.GoodpraisE.C.Unkindwords.D.DirectadvicE.72.Whydidpeoplefocusontheauthorwhenheaskedtobeserved?A.Becausehesatatthewhitepeople’slunchcounter.B.Becauseheaskedforcoffeewhichwasn’tservedtherE.C.BecausehewasveryloudandwasdisturbedotherpeoplE.D.BecausehewasnewtotheWoolworth’srestaurant.73.Whichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribestheauthor?A.StrangE.B.Kind-hearteD.C.Courageous.D.Stubborn固执的.74.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A.Theauthor’sfriendsweredisappointedwithhim.B.Theoldladywasinsupportoftheauthor.C.Theoldladycalledthepolicemanintodealwiththematter.D.Theauthor’sfriendsstoppedthematterfromgettingworsE.75.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Theauthor’sgoalwastofightwithwhitepeoplE.B.TheauthorwasnotsatisfiedwiththeserviceatWoolworth’s.C.ThepolicemanwasveryrudeandtheauthorwasafraiD.D.AfricanAmericanshadalongstruggleforequalrights.

Catchyourselfdaydreamingwhilewashingthedishesagain?Ifthishappensoftenyouprobablyhaveaprettycapableworkingmemoryandasharperbrainnewresearchsuggests.Thismindwanderingitseemsactuallygivesyourworkingmemoryaworkout.WorkingmemoryisthementalworkspacethatallowsthebraintojugglemultiplethoughtsatthesametimE.ThemoreworkingmemoryapersonhasthemoredaydreamingtheycandowithoutforgettingthetaskathanD.ResearchersstudiedgroupsofpeoplefromtheUniversityofWisconsin－Madisoncommunityranginginagefrom18to65.Thevolunteerswereaskedtoperformsimpletaskslikepressingabuttoneverytimetheytookabreathorclickinginresponsetoaletterpoppinguponacomputerscreen;thesetasksweresoeasythattheirmindswerelikelytowandertheresearchersfigureD.Theresearcherscheckedinperiodicallyaskingtheparticipantsiftheirmindswereontaskorwandering.Whenthetaskwasovertheymeasuredeachparticipant'sworkingmemorycapacitybyhavingthemrememberletterswhiledoingmathquestions.Thoughallparticipantsperformedwellonthetasktheresearchersnoticedthattheindividualswhoindicatedtheirmindshadwanderedmorethanothersalsoscoredhigherontheworkingmemorytest.Whatthisstudyseemstosuggestisthatwhencircumstancesforthetaskaren'tverydifficultpeoplewhohaveadditionalworkingmemoryresourcesallocatethemtothinkaboutthingsotherthanwhatthey'redoingsaidJonathanSmallwoodastudyresearcheroftheMaxPlanckInstituteforHumanCognitveandBrainSciencE.Whenourmindsrunoutofworkingmemorytheseoff－topicthoughtscantakethemainstagewithoutusconsciouslymeaningthemto;forinstancearrivingathomewithnomemoryoftheactualtriporsuddenlyrealizingthatthey'veturnedseveralpagesinabookwithoutunderstandinganyofthewords.It'salmostlikeyourattentionwassoabsorbedinthemindwanderingthattherewasn'tanyleftovertorememberyourgoaltoreadstudyresearcherDanielLevinsonsaidinastatement.Peoplewithoverallhigherworkingmemorywerebetterabletostayfocusedwhenthetaskathandrequiredit.Thosewhohadlowworkingmemoryoftenhadtheirthoughtsdriftawayfromthetaskanddidlesswellatit.Thefindingsaddtopastresearchsuggestingtheseminddriftscanbepositivemoments.Forinstancedaydreaminghasoftenbeenassociatedwithcreativity—researchersthinkthatourmostcreativeandinventivemomentscomewhendaydreaming.It'slikelythatthemostintelligentamongusalsohavehighlevelsofworkingmemoryLevinsonnoteD.40.Thewordjuggleinthesecondparagraphcanbereplacedby________.A.handleB.searchC.understandD.distribute41.WhatcanbeconcludedfromJonathanSmallwood'swords?A.Peoplewhooftenhavedaydreamsprobablyownaprettycapableworkingmemory.B.OntheworkingmemorytestpeoplewithwanderingmindswillgethighscorE.C.Absorbedinthemindwanderingyourattentionleftnospaceforyourgoal.D.Dealingwithsomeeasyjobspeoplewithhigherworkingmemorywilldaydream.42.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.MinddriftsarealwayspositivE.B.DaydreamingisgoodfortheminD.C.Creativemomentscomewithworkingmemory.D.Themoredaydreamingthemoreeffectivelyoneworks.

Wildlifefacesthreats威胁fromhabitatdestructionpollutionandotherhumanactions.Althoughprotectingwildlifemayseemtoohardattimesevensmallactionsinyourownneighborhoodcanhelpprotectmanydifferentanimals.Herearesometipsonhowtoprotectwildlifethroughsmallactions.1.CreatewildlifefriendlyareasinyourbackyarD.WhentryingtomakeyourgardenmorebeautifulyoucanchooseplantsthatcanprovidefoodandsheltertonativewildlifE.Thiswillalsohelpcutdownonpollution.Andbirdorbathousestoyouryardorgardentoattractandshelterthesespecies.2.Avoidharmingthenaturalecosystem生态系统inyourareA.SomeplantsfromotherplacescankillorharmnativeplantsthatprovidefoodandshelterforwildlifE.3.HaveagreenerlifestylE.Byusinglesswaterandfewerfuelsyouwillbehelpingtoprotectthewildlifearoundyou.Takebusesorthesubwaywhenyoucanturnoffelectricdeviceswhenyou'renotusingthemtakeshortershowersandkeepyourroomtemperatureatorbelow68degreesduringthewinter.4.Buyproductsthatarewildlifefriendly.Don'tbuyproductsthataremadefromendangeredanimals.Keepinmindthatsomeendangeredanimalsarekilledbytrapscatchesorhunterswhoareafterotherwildlifewithinthesamehabitat.5.Donatemoneyortimetoorganizationsthatprotectwildlifeandtheirhabitats.YoucangivemoneytoorganizationsorgroupsthatprotectwildlifespeciesinyourneighborhooD.53.Weinferthatthepurposeofthispassageisto________.A.telluswhyprotectingwildlifeisextremelyimportantnowB.suggestthatweprotectwildlifethroughactionsC.explainwhyprotectingwildlifeisnotashardaspeoplethinkD.giveussometipsonhowtoprotectwildlifethroughsmallactions54.WhichofthefollowingthreatstowildlifeisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A.Animaldiseases.B.Lossofhabitat.C.Pollution.D.Hunters.55.Inwhichsectionofanewspaperwouldyoumostprobablyreadthispassage?A.EnvironmentB.TeachingC.BusinessD.Geography

About1966orsoaNASA美国宇航局teamdoingworkfortheApollomoonmission阿波罗登月计划tooktheastronautsnearTubaCity.TherethelandoftheNavajoReservationlooksverymuchlikethelunarsurfacE.Amongallthetrucksandlargevehiclesweretwolargefiguresthatweredressedinfulllunarspacesuits.NearbyaNavajoshepherd牧羊人andhissonwerewatchingthestrangecreatureswalkaboutoccasionallybeingwatchedoverbyotherNASAworkers.ThetwoNavajopeoplewerenoticedandapproachedbytheNASApeoplE.SincetheshepherdandhissondidnotknowEnglishtheyaskedtheNASApeoplewhothestrangecreatureswerE.TheNASApeopletoldthemthattheywerejustmenthatweregettingreadytogotothemoon.Theshepherdbecameveryexcitedandaskedifhecouldsendamessagetothemoonwiththeastronauts.TheNASAofficialsthoughtthiswasagreatideasotheyprovidedataperecorder.AfterthemangavethemhismessagetheyaskedhissontotranslatE.Hissonwouldnot.LatertheytriedafewmorepeopleontheNavajoReservationtotranslateandeverypersontheyaskedwouldchuckle偷偷地笑andthenrefusetotranslatE.FinallywithcashinhandsomeonetranslatedthemessageWatchoutfortheseguystheyhavecometotakeyourland!56.TheappearanceoftheNavajoReservationisverysimilartothatof________.A.theTubaCityB.themoonC.theNASAresearchcenterD.theApollomoonmission57.WhentheolderNavajoheardthatthemeninfrontofhimweregoingtothemoonhe________.A.feltfrightenedandranawayquicklyB.chattedexcitedlywiththeNASAworkersC.gotonthemoderntrucksandlargevehiclesforfunD.triedtosaysomethingtothemooncreatures58.Thesondidnottranslatethewordshisfathersaidbecause________.A.hehadtroubleinunderstandinghisfatherB.thewordshisfatherusedweretoodifficulttobetranslatedC.hisfatherwassendingawarningagainsttheNASApeopleD.hebelievedthattheNASAworkerscouldunderstandtheirlanguage59.Accordingtothispassagewecanknowthattheshepherdwas________.A.patientandbraveB.foolishandimpoliteC.humorousandintelligentD.knowledgeableandtalkative

Youmaythinkthatsailingisdifficultbutitisreallynothardtolearnit.Youdonotneedtobestrong.Butyouneedtobequick.AndyouneedtounderstandafewbasicrulesaboutthewinD.FirstyoumustaskyourselfWhereisthewindcomingfrom?Isitcomingfromaheadorbehindorfromtheside?Youmustthinkaboutthisallthetimeontheboat.Thewinddirectiontellsyouwhattodowiththesail帆.Let’sstartwiththewindblowingfrombehinD.Thismeansthewindandtheboataregoinginthesamedirection.Thenyoumustalwayskeepthesailoutsidetheboat.Itshouldbeata90°angle角度totheboat.Thenitwillcatchthewindbest.Ifthewindisblowingfromthesideitisblowingacrosstheboat.Inthiscaseyoumustkeepthesailhalfwayoutsidetheboat.Itshouldbeata45°angletotheboat.ItneedstobeoutfarenoughtocatchthewinD.butitshouldn’tflap摆动.Itshouldn’tlooklikeaflagonaflagpolE.Ifitisflappingitisprobablyouttoofarandtheboatwillslowdown.SailingintothewindisnotpossiblE.Ifyoutrythesailwillflapandtheboatwillstop.Youmaywanttogointhatdirection.Itispossiblebutyoucan’tgoinastraightlinE.Youmustgofirstinonedirectionandtheninanother.Thisiscalledtacking.Whenyouaretackingyoumustalwayskeepthesailinsidetheboat.64.Whatshouldyouconsiderfirstwhilesailing?A.Sailors’strength.B.Wavelevels.C.Winddirections.D.Sizeofsails.65.WhatdoesthewordItunderlinedinParagraph4referto?A.Thesail.B.ThewinD.C.Theboat.D.TheanglE.66.Whatdoyouhavetodowhensailingagainstthewind?A.MoveinastraightlinE.B.Allowthesailtoflap.C.Lowerthesail.D.Tacktheboat.

SriLankaisknownasthePearloftheIndianOceananditiseasytoseewhy.Thislittlecountryneverfailstopleasevisitors.ArriveThenationalairlineisSriLankanAirlineswhichfliesfromColombotoLondonandacoupleofotherEuropeancities.Thecountry’smainairportisColomboBandaranaikelocated29kmnorthofthecapitalcity.Whynow?ThebesttimetovisitSriLanka’ssouthernbeachesisfromNovembertoApril.Sobygoingearlyintheseasonyou’llgetthebestweather.AlsoinNovemberDeepavaliknownasDiwaliortheFestivalofLightsisSriLanka’smainreligiousfestivalcelebratedthroughoutthecountry.SeeThereisplentytoseeinSriLankA.TheancientcapitalcitiesofPolonnaruwaandAnuradhapuraareworthseeingandsoaremanyoutstandingruins.Othermustseesaretherockfortress要塞ofSigiriyatoweringoverthejungleasfarastheeyecanseeandDambulla’scavetemplethecountry’slargestandbestpreserveD.BothareUNESCOWorldHeritage遗产Sites.Kandyisapicture-liketownwhichwasthelaststrongholdoftheKandyanKings.Todayitisaculturalreliccentrewhereage-oldcustomsartsandcraftsremain.DoSriLankaownsabout1600kmofbeautifulpalm-shadedbeachesaswellaswarmpureseasandcolourfulcoralreefs.Youcanexploretheunderwaterworldandsurfinganddivingareavailabletoo.AwayfromtheshorewildlifeisabigdrawforSriLankaandYalaNationalParkisoneofthebestplacesintheworldtoseewildanimalsincludingleopards豹andelephants.TasteSriLankaiscelebratedforitsexcellentfoodwithaparticularemphasisonfreshfruitandvegetablesonmenuseverywherE.Fishandseafoodareabigpartofthelocaldiet.Didyouknow?SriLankaisknownforitsteabutitisalsotheworld’slargestproducerandexporterofcinnamon肉桂.56.WhichofthefollowingisaculturalreliccentreofSriLanka?A..AnuradhapurA.B.KandyC.PolonnaruwA.D.Colombo.57.IfyouwanttoknowsomethingaboutDiwaliyou’dbettergotherein________..A.September.B.October.C.May.D.November.58.WelearnfromthepassagethatSriLanka_________..A.isinthePacificOceanB.hasonlyflightstoLondonC.istheworld’slargestproducerofteaD.isfamousforitsexcellentfood59.Theauthorwrotethearticleinorderto_______..A.introducethepicturesquelandscapeofSriLankaB.letreadersknowwhatisfamousforinSriLankaC.letpeoplegetmoretravelinformationaboutSriLankaD.makeSriLankawellknownthroughouttheworld

Mostpeoplefeellonelysometimesbutitusuallyonlylastsbetweenafewminutesandafewhours.Thiskindoflonelinessisnotserious.Infactitisquitenormal.Forsomepeoplethoughlonelinesscanlastforyears.Nowresearcherssaytherearethreedifferenttypesofloneliness.Thefirstkindoflonelinessistemporary暂时的.ThisisthemostcommontypE.Itusuallydisappearsquicklyanddoesnotrequireanyspecialattention.Thesecondkindsituationallonelinessisanaturalresultoraparticularsituation----forexampleafamilyproblemthedeathofalovedoneormovingtoanewplacE.Althoughthiskindoflonelinesscancausephysicalproblemssuchasheadachesandsleeplessnessitusuallydoesnotlastformorethanayear.ThethirdkindoflonelinessisthemostseverE.Unlikethesecondtypechronic长期的lonelinessusuallylastmorethantwoyearsandhasnospecificcausE.Peoplewhoexperiencehabituallonelinesshaveproblemssocializingandbecomingclosetoothers.Unfortunatelymanychronicallylonepeoplethinkthereislittleornothingtheycandotoimprovetheircondition.Psychologists心理学家agreethatoneimportantfactinlonelinessisaperson’ssocialcontacts接触E.gfriendsfamilymembersco-workersetC.Wedependonvariouspeoplefordifferentreasons.Forinstanceourfamiliesgiveusemotionalsupportourparentsandteachersgiveusguidanceandourfriendssharesimilarinterestsandactivities.HoweverpsychologistshavefoundthatthoughlonepeoplemayhavemanysocialcontactstheysometimesfeeltheyshouldhavemorE.Theyquestiontheirownpopularity.Psychologistsaretryingtofindwaystohelphabituallylonelypeoplefortworeasons:theyareunhappyandunabletosocializeandthereisaconnectionbetweenchroniclonelinessandseriousillnesssuchasheartdiseasE.Whiletemporaryandsituationallonelinesscanbeanormalhealthypartoflifechroniclonelinesscanbeaverysadandsometimesdangerouscondition.56.Howwouldyoutreattemporarylonelinessaccordingtothepassage?A.TalktofriendsB.JustignoreitC.GotoseeadoctorD.Askyourteachersforguidance57.Thetopicofthe4thparagraphisthat_______________.A.lonelypeopledon’thavemanyfriendsB.lonelypeopledon’thavemanysocialproblemsC.oneproblemoflonelinessisaperson’ssocialcontactsD.wedependonvariouspeoplefordifferentreasons58.Whydopsychologistswanttohelpchronicallylonelypeople?A.ChroniclonelinesscancausefamilyproblemsB.ChroniclonelinesscancauseseriousillnessC.ChroniclonelinesscannotbeovercomeD.ABandC.areallcorrect59.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.ThreekindsofLonelinessB.LonelinessandDiseasesC.LonelinessandSocialContactsD.ChronicLoneliness

Extract1摘录一AcomputerAcomputerisaninformationprocessor.Itisgiveninformationcalleddatainstructedtodocertainthingsandthenshowustheresults.Thedataputintothecomputeriscalledtheinputandtheresultswhichcomeoutaretheoutput.SomepeoplesaythecircleoflargestandingstonesatStonehengeisakindofcomputer.Prehistorypeopleworkedouttheircalendarfromthepositionoftheshadowsmadebythesunshiningonthestones.Extract2Teachyourselfnewsubjectsandskillsatyourownpacewithahomecomputer.Useittohelpwithschoolworkforself-improvementeventoimproveyourcareerskills.Learntouchtyping.Foreignlanguagesorcomputerprogramming.A.homecomputercanhelpchildrenofallageslearnclassroomsubjectssuchasspellinggeographyandothers.Infactitmakeslearningfun.Soifyouwanttoteachyourselforhelpyourchildrenteachthemselves---getahomecomputer.Itcanalsohelpyoumanageyourpersonalfinances经济orhelpyoutoworktaxesandplanhouseholdbudgets预算.Youcanmakebusinessapleasurewithahomecomputer.72Thewriterintroducesthewordssuchasinputandoutputinorderto_____.A.introducepeopletocomputerlanguageB.showcomputerlanguageisthesameasEnglishC.helppeoplesomescientificlanguageD.givepeoplesomescientificlanguage73WhydoesthewritertalkaboutStonehengeinExtract1?A.Togiveanexampleoftheveryfirstcomputer.B.ToshowthatcomputersareolderthanmankinD.C.Totellthedifferencebetweenthepastandthepresent.D.Togiveanotherwayofexplainingcomputers.74Ifyouthinkofthecircleoflargestandingstonesasacomputer_____.A.theshadowistheinputandthepositionistheoutputB.thesunlightistheinputandthecalendaristheoutputC.thepositionistheinputandthesunlightistheoutputD.thecalendaristheinputandtheshadowistheoutput75Extract2isprobablytakenfrom_____.A.acomputertextbookB.acompany'sadvertisementC.ateach-yourselfcomputerbookD.achildren'sguidetocomputers

Stormsbroughtatornadoand2-mch-thinhail冰雹toWyomingonThursdayadayafterthunderstormshitpartsofWyomingandColoradowithgolfball-sizedhailandheavyrain.ThreehomeswereheavilydamagedbythetornadoonThursdayand10to12otherbuildingsalsohaddamage.Onepersonwastreatedatahospitalforacutonthehead.Somepowerlineswerealsodowntotheground.ThetornadotoucheddownbrieflynearWheatlandnorthofCheyenneinapopulatedareaofficialssaid.HailthesizeofgolfballswasreportedintheWheatlandareaand2-inch-thinhailwasreportedinLaramie.Forecasterssaidthunderstormsthatcanspawntornadoescoulddevelopandfloodingwaspossible.Citizensshouldbecareful.AfirewhichisbelievedtohavebeenstartedbylightningonSundaynighthasburnedabout3500acresabout20milesnorthwestofWheatland.About120firefightersaidedbyhelicoptersandairtankerswereonthescene.Therainprovidedsomehelpforfirefighterswhofullycontrolleda227-acrewildfireinnorthernColoradobuttheweatherinthebeginninghurteffortstocontrola6000-acreblaze火焰inWyoming'sMedicineBowNationalForest.StormspassedclosetotheWyomingfirebutmostlybroughtwindsthatfannedtheflames.Rainandhailfelllaterbutdidn'tmakeabigdifferencesaidfirespokeswomanBethHermanson.KyleFredinworkingfortheNationalWeatherServiceinDenversaidthebeginningofJuneisthepeaktimeforsuchsevereweatherinColorado.Mostofthestatehasbeenexperiencingmoderate-to-extremedroughtconditions.60.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordspawninParagraph2mean.A.CauseB.InvolveC.TolerateD.Reject61.Fromthetextwecanlearnthewildfireabout20milesnorthwestofWheatland____.A.hasbeenburningforawholeweekB.wasstartedbysomeoneonpurposeC.diedoutimmediatelytheraincameD.wasveryhardforfirefighterstocontrol62.Theweatherhurteffortstocontrola6000-acreblazebecause____.A.stormsdidn'tpassclosetotheWyomingfireB.heavywindsstoppedfirefightersfromworkingC.rainandhailstoppedfirefightersfromworkingD.theflamesbecameworseafterthestormsbroughtwinds63.AccordingtowhatKyleFredinsaidwecaninferthat_____.A.ColoradohasneverexperiencedsuchsevereweatherbeforeB.it'snotstrangethatastormhitColoradoatthebeginningofJuneC.moderate-to-extremedroughtconditionsoftenleadtothunderstormsD.Coloradowillbefrequentlyhitbysevereweatherinthefollowingmonths

Adisplayofsupernaturalexistenceorisitanalieninterference?QuestionsstillremainunansweredwhileexpertsarestillresearchingontherealreasonbehindstonesofDeathValleythatslidebythemselveswithouttheinterferenceofhumansoranimals.InthesouthwestoftheUSAliesthismysteriousvalley—popularasthehottestanddriestlocationinNorthAmericaanditconsistsofadrylakebednamedRacetrackPlaya.SailingStonesofDeathValleyareallovertheRacetrackPlayA.TheplayaaflatbedofmudwitnessesthesailingofsuchstonesonitsbrokensurfacE.Thetracksformedbythesesailingstonesareusually2.5cmdeepand4—12incheswideandlastusuallyforthreetofouryears.Thisphenomenonisamysteryandtheexactreasonisstillunderresearch.Someresearchersbelieveacombinationofnaturaleventscausethesestonestosail.ThisareaofDeathValleycangetverycoldinthewinternightscausingalayeroficetoformonthebakedsmoothsoil.Therocksaregentlypushedacrossthesurfacebytheice-coatedgroundandstrongwinds.Someresearchersquestionthistheory.Somepointtheconditionshavetobejustrightforthesestonestomoveperhapsoccurringonceeveryonetothreeyears.Theysaytherearesomeotherunknownfactors.Toaddmoretothisstrangephenomenonthesesailingstonesdon’tfollowaspecificpaththatcouldbepredictedwheniceandwindarepresent.Somestonesthatarephysicallyneareachothermaystartoutsailinginaparalleldirectionbutthenonewouldstopwhiletheotheronecontinues.OtherresearchersbelievingthatthemovementsofstonesareduetoMilkyWay.Thepositionofstarscreateamagneticstructureinawaywhichmakesthestonesslideinthevalleyjustlikethetidesinoceanswhicharesometimescausedbythegravitation万有引力pullofthemoon.Sofarthesemysteriousstonesandtheirmovementsremainunfilmedandunobservedbyhumaneyes.60.Thefirstsentenceofthepassageisto___________.A.getreadersinterestedinthesubjectB.showhowconfusedresearchersgotC.indicatetheauthor’sstrongcuriosityD.telltheresultsofresearchers’studies61.HowmanyopinionsaboutthereasonbehindSailingStonesofDeathValleyarementioned?A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.62.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Themysteryofsailingstoneshasn’tbeensolvedyet.B.SofarthepathofthesailingstonescanbepredicteD.C.DeathValleyisthehottestanddriestplaceinNorthAmericA.D.Thetracksformedbythesailingstonesusuallylast3to4years.63.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.DeathValleyB.AnAlienInterventionC.A.PuzzlingPhenomenonD.SailingStonesofDeathValley

Forthosewhohavelonelynightsandhavetroublefallingasleepheisprovingtheidealpartner.Thisisamanwhodoesnotsnore打鼾inbeD.Andheishappytowrapacomfortingarmaroundhisdearestuntilmorningarrives.Hedoesexist.Heisthebody-shapedpillowthelatestsleepingaidfromJapan.Thispillowcomeswithoutaheadandisfilledwithfoam.It’smadebyKameoandhasabodyandaflexiblearmthatcanbecurledarounditsowner.About1000ofthepillowshavebeensoldsincetheywentonsaleinJapanlastyearandmanybuyerssaytheyarepleasedwiththeirsleepingcompanion.ThispillowmakesmefeelrelaxedbecauseIcanholdthearmandfeelsomethingwarmatmysidesaid34-year-oldradioDJJunkoSuzuki.ButaccordingtoKameothepillowismorethanjustanemotionalhelpforthosetiredofspendingthenightalonE.Anditisshapedthefirmsaystosupportitspartneronbothsidestoensureanightofgoodsleep.Theideaistocurlupinbetweenthebodyandtheflexiblearm.Theheadjustrestsonthepillow’sarmmuscles.MygrandmotherusedtosaythatthereisnomorecomfortablepillowthananotherpersonsaidthefirmpresidentTomokiKakehashi.SoIthoughtthatmaybepeoplewouldwanttosleeponapillowshapedlikeanarm.ThepillowsonsaleonlyinJapanforthemomentcost8500yenaroundUS$80eachandcomewithshirt-orshirt-shapedpillowcoversinbluepinkorgreen.68.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisn’tmentionedinthetext?A.Manybuyersaresatisfiedwiththebody-shapedpillow.B.ThepillowsaresoldonlyinJapanatpresent.C.TheinventordecidedtodevelopnewmarketintheUS.D.Theideaofbody-shapedpillowisfromwhatanoldladysaiD.69.Theunderlinedwordinparagraph3and6Kameomaybethenameof_____.A.amanagerB.thefirmC.abuyerD.anotherradioDJ70.Thepurposeofthepassageseems_____.A.tointroducethelatestsleepingaidthebody-shapedpillowB.toadvisepeopletousethebody-shapedpillowC.totellhowthebody-shapedpillowisinventedD.totellhowthebody-shapedpillowworks

Morethan700businessleadersgovernmentofficialsandinvestorsgatheredinMountainViewCaliforniainDecember2012toattendtheSocialInnovation创新Summit.Itisaninvitation-onlyconferenceaimedatfindingnewwaystodealwitholdproblems.TrafficjamisaproblemthatBruggemannhopestosolve.Trafficisreallybadinmostcountriesandwethoughttheremustbesomewayofdoingsomethingaboutit.LastweekhisteamwinningtheprizeforitsnunavtrafficmanagementsystemreceivedaMicrosoftImagineCupGrantof＄100000.Everyonethat′susingoursystemsendshispresentpositionaswellasthedestinationtoourserversevery30seconds.Andwiththatinformationourcentralsystemcanreroute调整路线allofthecarsinawaythateveryonegetshisindividualbestpossibleroute.Bruggemannsaysearlyresearchwiththesystemhasbeenpromising.Wefoundoutthatitcouldbepossibletosaveupto20percentofthefuelconsumption.Evenmoreinterestingitcansaveupto50percentofthetimeyouspendintrafficsoyoucouldgettoyourdestinationtwiceasfast.TeamCypher256fromUgandaalsowasinvitedtotheSocialInnovationSummit.Theydevelopedadevice仪器calledWinSengaaimedatimprovinghealthcareforpregnantwomeninAfrica.Itmeasurestheearlybaby′sheartsoundstohelptesttheheartrateageandpositionofthebabyinthemother.Thedeviceissimilarinoperationtoanultrasound超声波testbutisfarlesscostlyandverypracticalinAfrica.ThisisthethirdyearfortheSocialInnovationSummit.TheeventisheldtwiceayearonceinNewYorkandonceinCalifornia.Thefirstonein2012washeldinMay.TheUnitedNations′OfficeforPartnershipshelpedtoorganizetheevent.61.InwhatwayisthenunavsystemspecialA.Itcandecidedestinationforusers.B.Itsendsbackinformationevery30minutes.C.Userscanearnmuchmoneybythesystem.D.Userscanfindthebestpossibleroutebythesystem.62.ThenunavsystemhasthefollowingadvantagesEXCEPT___________.A.reducingthefuelconsumptionB.reachingthedestinationquicklyC.savingthetimeinthetripD.improvingdrivingskills63.ThedeviceWinSengaisintendedto___________.A.improvethehealthcareforpregnantwomenB.promotetheheartrateofpregnantwomenC.measurethesizeoftheearlybabiesD.helptheoperationonwomen64.WhatcanbeinferredfromthetextA.ThenunavsystemispopularinAfrica.B.CommonpeopleinAfricacanaffordtouseWinSenga.C.TheUnitedNationsofferedfinancialhelptothenunavsystem.D.TheSocialInnovationSummithasbeenheldthreetimessofar.65.What′sthepurposeofthetextA.Totellusanewwayoutoftrafficjam.B.TointroduceadeviceforwomeninAfrica.C.Totellustheimportanceofsocialinnovations.D.Tointroduceaconferenceaboutsocialinnovations.

UrbangrasshopperschangetheirtuneforfemalesgrasshopperGrasshoppersthatliveinnoisyurbanenvironmentsarehavingtochangetheirsongastudyhasfounD.Researcherssuggestthathighlevelsofbackgroundnoisemayaffectthegrasshoppers’matingprocess.Theysaytheinsectsareforcedtoincreasethevolumeofthelow-frequencysectionsoftheircall.ResultsofthestudybyscientistsfromtheUniversityofBielefeldGermanyarepublishedinthejournalFunctionalEcology.Theresearchwhichshowstrafficnoisecouldupsetbow-wingedgrasshoppers’ChorthippusbiguttulusmatingsystemisthefirstofitskindaccordingtoleadresearcherUlrikeLampE.Effectsofman-madenoiseoncommunicationhasonlybeenstudiedwithvertebrates脊椎动物sofarsaidMsLampeaPhDstudentattheUniversityofBielefeld’sDepartmentofEvolutionaryBiology.Thescientistscaught188malebow-wingedgrasshoppersfromnoisyroadsidesandquietrurallocations.AccordingtoMsLampe:Bow-wingedgrasshoppersareagoodmodelorganismtostudysexualselectionbecausefemalescanrespondtomalelovingsongswiththeirownlow-frequencysignaliftheyareattractedtoamalesong.Thegrasshoppersproducetheirmatingcallbyrubbingatoothedfileontheirhind-legsagainstaveinthatislocatedontheirfrontwings.Themale’ssongconsistsofshortphrasesoftwotothreeseconds.ThefirstpartofthecallconsistsofslowertickingsoundsthatincreaseinspeedleadingtoabuzzingsoundtowardstheendofthephrasE.Inordertostimulatethemalestobeginmatingcallsscientistsexposedthemalestoafemaleandrecordedtheresultsinthelaboratory.Theteamthenanalysedthedifferencesbetweentheresultsofeachgroupofgrasshoppers.Resultsshowedthatcomparedtomalesfromrurallocationsurbangrasshoppersshiftthefrequencypeakofthelowerpartoftheirspectrum频谱upwardsMsLampeexplaineD.Thiswouldmakesensetoavoidlow-frequencynoiseastrafficnoisecouldmasksignalsinthatpartofthefrequencyspectrum.Theteam’sfindingsdemonstratethattrafficnoisecouldbeupsettingthegrasshopper’smatingsystem.IncreasednoiselevelscouldaffectgrasshoppercourtshipinseveralwayscommentedMsLampE.Itcouldpreventfemalesfromhearingmalelovingsongsproperlypreventfemalesfromrecognisingmalesoftheirownspeciesorimpairfemales’abilitytoestimatehowattractiveamaleisfromhissong.67.Whatistheusageofthegrasshoppers’songs?A.Tomakeoururbanhearbetter.B.Toattractthemategrasshoppers.C.TofightagainsttheurbannoisE.D.Toattractthefemalegrasshoppers.68.Howdidscientistprovetheirconclusion?A.Byusingstatistics.B.ByarguingatopiC.C.Byquotingperson’stheory.D.Bycomparingtheresults.69.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmaskmean?A.Cover.B.Affect.C.Prevent.D.Destroy.70.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Urbanenvironmentaffectssomeanimallives.B.UrbangrasshoppershavetochangetheirtunE.C.Grasshoppersshiftthepeakofspectrum.D.Grasshoppersdon’tlikelivinginnoisyurbanareas.

Thecomputerkeyboardhelpedkillshorthand---asystemofrapidhandwritingandnowit'sthreateningtofinishoffhandwritingasawholE.WhenhandwrittenessayswereintroducedontheSATexamsfortheclassof2011just15%ofthemost1.5millionstudentswrotetheiranswersincursive草写字母.Therest?Blockletters.AndthosecollegehopefulsarejustthefirstedgeofawaveofUSstudentswhonolongergetmuchhandwritinginstructionsintheprimarygradesfrequently10minutesadayorless.AsaresultmoreandmorestudentsstruggletoreadandwritecursivE.AtKeeneMillElementarySchoolinSpringfieldalltheirpoemsandstoriesaretypeD.ChildreninFairfaxCountyschoolsaretaughtkeyboardingbeginninginkindergarten.Olderstudentswhonevermasteredhandwritingsayitdoesn'taffecttheirgrades.TherearethosewhosaythecultureisatacrossingturningfromthewrittenwordtothetypedonE.Ifhandwritingbecomesalostformofcommunicationdoesitmatter?ItwasatUniversityofVirginiathatresearchersrecentlydiscoveredapreviouslyunknownpoembyRobertwritteninhisuniquescript.Handwrittendocumentsaremorevaluabletoresearchershistorianssaybecausetheirauthenticity真实性canbeconfirmeD.Studentsalsofindthemmorefascinating.Thelossofhandwritingalsomaybeacognitive认知的opportunitymisseD.Severalacademicstudieshavefoundthatgoodhandwritingskillsatayoungagecanhelpchildrenexpresstheirthoughtsbetter---alifelongbenefit.Itdoesn'ttakemuchtoteachbetterhandwritingskills.AtsomeschoolsinPrinceGeorge'sCountyelementaryschoolstudentsuseaprogramcalledHandwritingWithoutTearsfor15minutesaday.TheylearnthecorrectformationofmanuscriptlettersthroughsecondgradeandcursivelettersinthirdgradE.Therearealwaysgoingtobesomekidswhostrugglewithhandwritingbecauseoftheirparticularneurological神经系统的wiringlearningissuesorpoormotorskills.Educatorsoftenpointtothisfactorinsupportofkeyboarding.67.Whatistheauthorconcernedaboutafter2011SATexams?A.Keyboarding.B.ShorthanD.C.Handwriting.D.Blockletters.68.A.poembyRobertmentionedinthepassageisusedto_________.A.provehowvaluablehandwritingisB.explainwhatafamouspoetheisC.showhowuniquehispoemisD.stresshowfascinatingthedocumentsare68.TheexampleofHandwritingWithoutTearshelpstoarguethat_________.A.theschoolsareresponsibleforthelossofhandwritingB.thelossofhandwritingisacognitiveopportunitymissedC.itdoesn'ttakemuchtoteachbetterhandwritingskillsD.thecultureisturningfromthewrittenwordtothetypedone70.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthisdebate?A.NegativE.B.Encouragement.C.Critical.D.ObjectivE.

Doyouwanttoliveanother100yearsormore?Someexpertssaythatscientificprogresswillonedayhelphumanstolasttensofyearslongerthanwhatisnowseenasthenaturallimit限制ofthehumanlifespan寿命.Ithinkweareknockingatthedoorofimmortality永生saidMichaelZeyaMontclairStateUniversitybusinessprofessorandauthoroftwobooksonthefuturE.Ithinkby2075wewillseeitandthat’saconservativeestimate保守估计.AttheconferenceinSanFranciscoDonaldLouriaaprofessoratNewJerseyMedicalSchoolinNewarksaidprogressinusinggenesaswellasnanotechnology纳米技术makesitlikelythathumanswillliveinthefuturebeyondwhathasbeenpossibleinthepast.Thereisagreatpushsothatpeoplecanlivefrom120to180yearshesaiD.Somehavesuggestedthatthereisnolimitandthatpeoplecouldliveto200or300or500years.Howevermanyscientistswhoresearchintoagingaredoubtfulaboutitandsaythehumanbodyisjustnotdesignedtolastabout120years.Evenwithhealthierlifestylesandlessdiseasetheysayfailureofthebrainandorganswillfinallyleadallhumanstodeath.ScientistsalsodisagreeonwhatkindoflifethesuperagedmightlivE.Itremainstobeseenwhetheryoucouldbehealthyenoughtohavegoodqualityoflifewhenyoupass120.saidLeonardPoondirectoroftheUniversityofGeorgiaGerontologyCenter.Atpresentpeoplewhocouldgettothatpointarenotingoodhealthatall.67.BysayingweareknockingatthedoorimmortalityMichaelZeymeans_____.A.theybelievethatthereisnolimitoflivingB.theyaresuretofindthetruthaboutlonglivingC.theyhavegotsomeideasaboutlonglivingD.theyareabletomakepeoplelivebeyondthepresentlifespan68.DonaldLouria’sattitudetowardlonglivingisthat_____.A.peoplecanlivefrom120to180B.itisstilldoubtfulhowlonghumanscanliveC.thehumanbodyisdesignedtolastabout120yearsD.itispossibleforhumanstolivelongerinthefuture69.TheunderlineditParA.4refersto_____.A.agreatpushB.theideaoflivingbeyondthepresentlifespanC.theideaoflivingfrom200to300D.theconservativeestimate70.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthistext?A.LivinglongerornotB.SciencetechnologyandlonglivingC.NolimitforhumanlifeD.Healthylifestyleandlongliving

MemorytheysayisamatterofpracticeandexercisE.Ifyouhavethewishandreallymakeaconsciouseffortthenyoucanquiteeasilyimproveyourabilitytorememberthings.Butevenifyouaresuccessfultherearetimeswhenyourmemoryseemstoplaytricksonyou.Sometimesyourememberthingsthatreallydidnothappen.OnemorninglastweekforexampleIgotupandfoundthatIhadleftthefrontdoorunlockedallnightyetIclearlyrememberlockingitcarefullythenightbeforE.Memorytricksworktheotherwayaswell.OnceinawhileyouremembernotdoingsomethingandthenfindoutthatyoudiD.OnedaylastmonthforexampleIwassittinginabarbershopwaitingformyturntogetahaircutandsuddenlyIrealizedthatIhadgotahaircuttwodaysbeforeatthebarbershopacrossthestreetfrommyofficE.Wealwaysseemtofindsomethingfunnyandamusinginincidentscausedbypeople’sforgetfulnessorabsent-mindedness.Storiesaboutabsent-mindedprofessorshavebeentoldforyearsandwenevergettiredofhearingnewones.Unfortunatelyhoweverabsent-mindednessisnotalwaysfunny.TherearetimeswhentricksofourmemorycancauseusgreattroublE.64.Ifyouwanttohaveagoodmemoryyoushould________.A.forceyourselftorememberthingsB.makeaconsciouseffortofpracticeandexerciseC.neverstoplearningD.tryhardtorememberthings65.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Onenightthewriterforgottolockthefrontdoor.B.Onenightthewriterforgothavinglockedthefrontdoor.C.Thewriterrememberedtolockthedoor.D.Thewriterrememberedunlockingthefrontdoor.66.FromthesentenceWenevergettiredofhearingnewoneswecaninferthat.A.weenjoyhearingnewstoriesaboutabsent-mindednessofprofessorsB.wedon’twanttoknowanythingmoreaboutabsent-mindednessofprofessorsC.wewillnevergettiredoflisteningtonewstoriesaboutabsent-mindednessD.absent-mindednesshappensnotonlytoprofessorsbuttomanyotherpeople

Areyoureadytodoyourbittostopglobalwarming?Doyouwanttolettheworldknowthatyoubelieveitisnotdoingnearlyenoughtofightclimatechange?OnSaturdayMarch29youwillhaveachancetocommunicateyourconcerns—totellOttawaandtheentireworldthatyouaredevotedtodoingyourpart.YoucandoitbyturningoffyourlightsduringEarthHourfrom8p.m.to9p.m.StartedlastyearbytheWorldWildlifeFundinSydneyAustraliaEarthHourthisyearisgoinginternationalwith17citiessignedupsofarincludingToronto.OthersincludeChicagoManilaTelAvivCopenhagenMelbourneandChristchurchNewZealanD.ThechallengeforusTorontonianswillbetoshowweareasdevotedtofightingglobalwarmingasSydneysiderswerelastyearwhenmorethan2.2millionofthemparticipatedandslashedthecity'spoweruseby10percentfortheplannedhour.Ofcourseonehourofdarknessisn’tgoingtostopglobalwarming.ButthethinkingbehindEarthHouristhatitgetspeoplepersonallyinvolveD.Besidesgivingpeopleachancetoregistertheirconcernsoverclimatechangethegoalistogetthemtostartchangingtheirwastefulhabits.Andweallhavethemincludingsomewearen'tevenawareof.Didyouknowforexamplethatyouarestilldrawingpowerifyouleaveyourcellphonechargerpluggedinafterchargingyourphone?Thesameistrueforotherelectronicdevicesthatyouthinkyou'veturnedoff.Ifyouwanttomakeadifferencesignuptodayathttp://www.wwf.ca/EarthHourandmakeapledge宣誓toturnoffyourlightswhenEarthHourarrivesonMarch29.Persuadeyourfriendsco-workersandyouremployeroremployeestodotheirpart.Butdon'twaitforthissymbolicgesturetoraiseawarenessthatweallhavetobepartofthesolution.Starttodaytothinkaboutchangesthatcanbemadeinyourhomeandyourworkplacethatwillcutdownonwasteandgreenhousegasemissions排放.63.Thepassagemainlycallsonpeopleof_____tojoinintheMarch29thactivity.A.SydneyB.TorontoC.theworldD.the17cities64.TheEarthHourmovementmainlyaimstogetpeopleto_______tosaveourearth.A.sensethedangerB.makeapledgeC.performtheirdutiesD.showtheirvalue65.Whichisimpliedinthepassagethatshouldnothappeninourdailylife?66.Thebesttitleforthepassageis_____.A.A.ChancetoHelpSavetheEarthB.A.ChancetoHelpPreventPollutionC.AnHourtoFightAgainstBadHabitsD.AnHourtoKeepClimateUnchanged

Doyoustillremembertheinterestingquestion:whydidthechickencrosstheroad?TogettotheothersidE.MostpeopleknowthisjokE.ButrecentlysomepeoplehavebeenmuchmoreconcernedwithhowthegrizzlybearandmountainlioncancrosstheroaD.MillionsofanimalsdieeachyearonUSroadstheFederalHighwayAdministrationreports.Infactonlyabout80ocelotsanendangeredwildcatexistintheUStoday.Themainreason?Roadkill.Ecopassagesmayhelpanimalscrosstheroadwithoutbeinghitbycars.Theyarepathsbothoverandunderroads.TheseecopassagescanbeextremelyusefulsothatwildlifecanavoidhumanconflictssaidJodiHiltyoftheWildlifeConservationSociety.Butdoanimalsactuallyusetheecopassages?Theanswerisyes.PaulBeierofNorthernArizonaUniversityfoundfootmarksleftbymountainlionsonanecopassagethatwentunderahighway.ThisshowedthatthelionusedthepassagE.Buildersofsomeecopassagestrytomakethemlooklikeanaturalpartofanareabyplantingtreesonandaroundthem.Animalsseemtobecatchingon.Animalsasdifferentassalamandersandgrizzlybearsareusingthebridgesandunderpasses.ThenexttimeyouvisitaparkordrivethroughanareawithalotofwildlifelookarounD.Youmightseeananimaloverpass!51.Thewriterusestheexampleofocelotstoshowthat__________.A.wildanimalshavebecomemoredangerousB.thedrivingconditionshaveimprovedgreatlyC.themeasureforprotectingwildlifefailstoworkD.anincreasingnumberofanimalsarekilledinroadaccidents52.Fromthenewsstoryweknowanecopassageis__________.A.anundergroundpathforcarsB.afencebuiltforthesafetyoftheareaC.abridgeforanimalstogetoverariverD.apassforanimalstocrosstheroad53.Whenthewritersaysthatanimalsseemtobecatchingonhemeans_______.A.animalsbegintorealizethedangersontheroadB.animalsbegintolearntouseecopassagesC.animalsarecrossingtheroadingroupsD.animalsareincreasinginnumber54.Thewriterasksvisitorsanddriverstolookaroundwhentravelingbecause.A.wildanimalsmayattackcarsB.wildanimalsmayjamtheroadC.theymayseewildanimalsintheparkD.theymayseewildanimalsonecopassages

HoneyfromtheAfricanforestisnotonlyakindofnaturalsugaritisalsodelicious.Mostpeopleandmanyanimalslikeeatingit.Howevertheonlywayforthemtogetthathoneyistofindawildbees’nestandtakethehoneyfromit.Oftenthesenestsarehighupintreesanditisdifficulttofindthem.InpartsofAfricathoughpeopleandanimalslookingforhoneyhaveastrangeandunexpectedhelper---alittlebirdcalledahoneyguidE.Thehoneyguidedoesnotactuallylikehoneybutitdoeslikethewaxinthebeehives蜂房.Thelittlebirdcannotreachthiswaxwhichisdeepinsidethebees’nest.Sowhenitfindsasuitablenestitlooksforsomeonetohelpit.ThehoneyguidegivesaloudcrythatattractstheattentionofbothpassinganimalsandpeoplE.Onceithastheirattentionitfliesthroughtheforestwaitingfromtimetotimeforcuriousanimalsorpersonasitleadsthemtothenest.Whentheyfinallyarriveatthenestthefollowerreachesintogetatthedelicioushoneyasthebirdpatientlywaitsandwatches.SomeofthehoneyandthewaxalwaysfallstothegroundandthisiswhenthehoneyguidetakesitssharE.Scientistsdonotknowwhythehoneyguidelikeseatingthewaxbutitisverydeterminedinitseffortstogetit.Thebirdsseemtobeabletosmellwaxfromalongdistanceaway.Theywillquicklyarrivewheneverabeekeeperistakinghoneyfromhisbeehivesandwillevenenterchurcheswhenbeeswaxcandlesarebeinglit.58.Whyisitdifficulttofindawildbees’nest?A.It’ssmallinsizE.B.It’shiddenintrees.C.It’scoveredwithwax.D.It’shardtorecognizE.59.WhatdothewordsthefollowerinParagraph2referto?A.A.beeB.A.birdC.A.honeyseeker.D.A.beekeeper.60.Thehoneyguideisspecialintheway_____________.A.itgetsitsfoodB.itgoestochurchC.itsingsintheforestD.itreachesintobees’nest

Thefirstbreath-takingpicturesoftheEarthtakenfromspaceshoweditasasolidballcoveredbybrownlandmassesandblue-greenoceans.WehadneverseentheEarthfromthatdistancebeforE.TousitappearedasthoughtheEarthhadalwayslookedthatwayandalwayswoulD.ScientistsnowknowhoweverthatthesurfaceoftheEarthisnotaspermanentaswehadthought.Scientistsexplainthatthesurfaceofourplanetisalwaysmoving.ContinentsmoveabouttheEarthlikehugeshipsatseA.TheyfloatonpiecesoftheEarth’souterskin.Newouterskiniscreatedasmeltedrockpushedupfrombelowtheoceanfloor.Oldouterskinisdestroyedasitrollsdownintothehotareaandmeltsagain.Onlysincethe1960shavescientistsreallybeguntounderstandthattheplanetEarthisagreatlivingmachinE.Someexpertshavesaidthisnewunderstandingisoneofthemostimportantrevolutionsinscientificthought.Therevolutionisbasedontheworkofscientistswhostudythemovementofthecontinents—asciencecalledplatetectonics.ThemodernstoryofplatetectonicsbeginswiththeGermanscientistAlfredWegener.BeforeWorldWarOneWegenerarguedthatthecontinentshadmovedandwerestillmoving.HesaidtheideafirstoccurredtohimwhenheobservedthatthecoastlinesofSouthAmericaandAfricacouldfittogetherliketwopiecesofapuzzlE.Heproposedthatthetwocontinentsmighthavebeenoneandthensplitapart.Wegenerwasnotthefirstpersontowonderabouttheshapeofthecontinents.About500yearsagoexplorersthoughtaboutitwhentheymadethefirstmapsofAmericas.TheexplorersnotedtheeastcoastofNorthAmericaandSouthAmericawouldfitalmostexactlyintothewestcoastofEuropeandSouthAfricA.WhattheexplorersdidnotdobutWegenerdidwastoinvestigatetheideathatthecontinentsmovE.58.Whatdoesthewritermainlytellusinthepassage?A.Thefirstbreath-takingpicturesoftheEarthtakenfromspacE.B.Human’srecognitionoftheearth’ssurfacE.C.TheGermanscientistAlfredWegener.D.Theearlyexplorers’discovery.59.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Wedidn’tseetheEarthfromfarawayuntilwesawthepicturetakeninthespacE.B.Ourancientthoughtthatthesurfaceoftheearthisstill.C.AlfredWegenerwasnotthefirstpersontoinvestigatetheideathatthecontinentsmovE.D.ThecoastlineofIndiaandAfricafittogether.60.Thelastwordofthethirdparagraphtectonicsmean________.A.studyofconstructionB.studyofarchitectureC.earthsurfaceD.structuralgeology61.Whatdidtheexplorersfind?A.ThecoastlinesofSouthAmericaandAfricacouldfittogether.B.ThecoastlinesofNorthAmericaandAfricacouldfittogether.C.TheeastcoastlinesofNorthAmericaandthewestcoastofEuropecouldfittogether.D.ThecoastlinesofNorthAmericaandIndiacouldfittogether.

Researchershaveestablishedthatwhenpeoplearementallyengagedbiochemicalchangesoccurinthebrainthatallowittoactmoreeffectivelyincognitive认知的areassuchasattentionandmemory.ThisistrueregardlessofagE.Peoplewillbealert警觉的andreceptiveiftheyarefacedwithinformationthatgetsthemtothinkaboutthingstheyareinterestedin.AndsomeonewithahistoryofdoingmoreratherthanlesswillgointooldagemorecognitivelysoundthansomeonewhohasnothadanactiveminD.Manyexpertsaresoconvincedofthebenefitsofchallenginginthebrainthattheyareputtingthetheorytoworkintheirownlives.TheideaisnotnecessarilytolearntomemorizelargeamountsofinformationsaysJamesFozardassociatedirectoroftheNationalInstituteofAgeing.Mostofusdon’tneedthatkindofskill.Suchspecifictrainingisoflessinterestthanbeingabletomaintainmentalalertness.Fozardandotherssaytheychallengetheirbrainswithdifferentmentalskillsbothbecausetheyenjoythemandbecausetheyaresurethattheirrangeofactivitieswillhelpthewaytheirbrainswork.GeneCohenactingdirectorofthesameinstitutesuggeststhatpeopleintheiroldageshouldengageinmentalandphysicalactivitiesindividuallyaswellasingroups.Cohensaysthatwearefrequentlyadvisedtokeepphysicallyactiveasweagebutolderpeopleneedtokeepmentallyactiveaswell.ThosewhodoaremorelikelytomaintaintheirintellectualabilitiesandtobegenerallyhappierandbetteradjusteD.ThepointisyouneedtodobothCohensays.Intellectualactivityactuallyinfluencesbrain-cellhealthandsizE.50.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.SpecialmentaltrainingforoldpeoplE.B.Biochemicalchangesinthehumanbrain.C.Theinfluenceofintellectualactivitiesonbrain-cellsizE.D.Theimportanceofmentalactivitiesintheefficiencyofthebrain.51.A.personwhoissaidtobecognitivelyhealthyshould________.A.bealertandreceptiveinmindB.whoarehighlyintelligentC.begoodatdoinggroupworkD.rememberlargequantitiesofinformation52.ThefindingsofJamesandotherscientistsintheirwork_________.A.remainatheorytobefurtherprovedB.havebeenchallengedbymanyotherexpertsC.arepracticedbytheresearchersthemselvesD.havebeengenerallyaccepted53.AccordingtoFozard'sargumentpeoplecanmaketheirbrainsworkmoreefficientlyby_________.A.constantlydoingmemoryworkB.makingfrequentadjustmentsC.goingthroughspecifictrainingD.takingpartinvariousmentalactivities54.WhichofthefollowingstatementswouldCohenmostprobablysupport?A.Olderpeopleshouldkeepmentallyactivebychallengingtheirbrains.B.Nomatterwhetheritisdoneingrouporalonementalactivityisalwaysgoodforbrain-cellhealth.C.Physicalstrengthismoreimportanttoolderpeoplethanmentalhealth.D.Peoplewhoengageinmorementalactivitiesbutlessphysicalonesarealwayshappier.

WehaveallheardofthesmartphoneandmostofuswillhaveonE.NotfarbehindthesmarthomE.InthelatestissueofJournalScienceWashingtonStateUniversity'sDianeCooksaysitwon'tbelongbeforeourhomesactasintelligentagentstopredictourneedsanddealwithtasksthatimproveourhealthenergyefficiencyevensocialmediA.ManyhomesarealreadyhalfwaytherewithcomputershelpingwarmfoodrecordTVshowsandturnoncoffeemakers.Whatwe'retryingtodoisgetthehometothinkaboutwhatyouneedasawholeandusedifferentpartstodotherightthings.shesays.Cookhasbeenworkingonsuchsmarthomessince2006.SometesthomesalreadyshowthatthetechnologycanhelpmonitortheelderlypeopleandremindthemtocompleteordinaryactivitieslikerisingeatingandtakingmedicinE.SimilarlythehomecanitselfcontrolenergyusE.Smarthometechnologiescanrunwashing-machinesatoff-peaktimesturnoffunneededappliances家用电器andputoutlightsinemptyrooms.ManycommunitiesnowaretestingtheconceptofthesmarthomE.Whilethesmartphoneletspeopletaketheirsocialmediawiththemthehomecouldactlikeacar'sBluetoothmakinghands-freeconversationfromanyroomareality.Cameraswillletthepeopletalkfacetofacefromanywhere.Althoughthetechnologyisavailabletechnologieslikein-homecamerasraiseprivacycon­cerns.ThetechnologieslikemanyothersfaceachallengeofbeingacceptedandadoptedsaysCook.Shehasseenthatinparticularwiththeelderlyparticipantsinherstudies.Peoplewillsoonunderstandwhatthesetechnologiesdoandseehowuser-friendlytheyarE.Ibetsometechnologieswilldevelopfastoncethey'restartingtobeuseD.71.AccordingtothepassageallofthefollowingstatementsaboutthesmarthometechnologyareTRUEexceptthat.A.itisacompletelynewconceptB.sometestsarebeingcarriedoutC.ithelpspeopledohouseworkD.itwillsoonbecomeareality72.AccordingtoCookthesmarthometechnologycanbenefit_______.A.theteachersmonitoringtheirstudentsB.thehousewiveswithbabiestoattendC.thenursesinthehospitalnearbyD.theseniorpeoplewhoneedtakingcareof73.AccordingtoParagraph4thesmarthometechnologyhelpspeople_______.A.makemoremoneyB.usenewenergyformsC.improvetheenergyefficiencyD.developgoodhabits74.Oneoftheobstaclesthatpreventthesmarthometechnologyfrombeingacceptedis____A.theconcernaboutpeople'sprivacyB.theconcernaboutthecostfromitC.theconcernaboutthelossoftraditionD.theconcernaboutelderlypeople75.HowdoesCookthinkofthesmarthometechnology?A.usefulbutmuchtoocostly.B.challengingbutpromising.C.convenientandaffordablE.D.user-friendlyandpractical.

What’sdelicioustoeatandcomesinavarietyofcolors?Eggplant!Andnoithasnothingtodowithchickens!Thisstrangelynamedvegetableishoweverasversatileasanegg.Itcanbesteamedfriedandbaked.Itcanbeeatenbyitselforcombinedwithmeatsandothervegetables.EggplantwasfirstgrowninIndiainthe5thcenturyBC.ItspopularitysoonspreadtoChinaandthenthroughoutAsia.FinallyduringtheMiddleAgesthevegetablemadeitswaytoEurope.Atthattimeeggplantwasnottheshinypurplevegetablemostpeopleknowtoday.Insteadit’slikeawhiteegg.Duetothisegg-likeappearanceeggplantgotitsname.InitsearlydaysthevegetablewassobitterthatpeopleoftencalleditamadapplE.Thisnicknamestartedbecausepeoplebelieveditsbitternesswasbadforone’shealth.Peopleactuallythoughteggplantcouldcausemadnessandcancer.Fortunatelytodaypeopleknowthateggplantdoesn'tcauseinsanityorcancer.Infacteggplantissohealthythatitmaypreventcancer.Inadditionthebrainandtheheartbenefitfromthissupervegetable.Sinceit’shighinfibreeggplantcanimprovedigestion.ItalyTurkeyEgyptChinaandJapanaretheleadinggrowersofeggplantintheworldtoday.Dependingonitslocationeggplantmaybepurplegreenorangeoryellow-white.Anditcanbeassmallasatomatooraslargeasacucumber.Dishvarietiesrangefromsimpletocomplexwithallofthembeingdelicious.TodaythousandsofpeoplegatherinLoomisCaliffortheannualLoomisEggplantFestival.Themainactivityatthefestivaliseatingdeliciouseggplantdishes.Thereisplentymoretodoandseethough.Recipecontestsartsandcraftsperformersracesandchildren’sactivitiesallegg-citefestival-goers.Mostpeopleatthefestivalwouldagree-----eggplantisanegg-cellentvegetable.60.Eggplantgotitsnamebecauseofits_____.A.appearanceB.tasteC.colorD.value61.WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTbelongtothequalitiesofeggplant?A.Itcanbecookedinvariousways.B.Itiseasytodigest.C.Itcanpreventcancer.D.Itisvaluableandpriceless.62.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.EggplantcanbeeatentocurecancerB.Eggplantusedtotastebitter.C.Indiaproducesthemosteggplantintheworldtoday.D.Eggplanthasahistoryofnearly1000years.63.MostpeoplecometotheLoomisEggplantFestivalto_____.A.seeartsandcraftsB.enjoyfoodwitheggplantsC.takepartinrecipecontestsD.promoteeggplant

EveryspringscoresofpeopleflocktotheBuzzardFestivalatHinckleyOhio.Theycometowatchforbuzzards.MostwoulD.BegladjusttotakealookatabuzzarD.Iftheydoseeoneoftheseflyinggarbagecansitwillprobablybecirclinghighinthesky.Fromthereitcanwatchthegroundforsignsofthewasteandthedeadanimalsonwhichitfeeds.ThebuzzardistheugliestbirdintheUnitedStates.InfactitmaywellbetheugliestbirD.intheworlD.IthasasmallbarepinkheaD.Itsthickbodyiscoveredwithdarkroughfeathers.InspiteofitslooksthebuzzardisimportanttothepeopleofHinckley.Itistheirfirstsignofspring.Afterawinterinthesouthbuzzardsreturntotheirhomesinthenorth.IntheHinckleyareatheyalwaysreturnonMarch15.Nooneknowswhy.ButtheyhavecomebacktoHinckleyRidgeonthatdaysureasclocksworkforatleastfortyyears.TheexcitementstartsinFebruary.BythemiddleofMarchithasreachedahighpeak.BetsareplaceD.PrizesgotothepersonwhoseesthefirstbuzzarD.Radiostationsandnewspaperstellofthecomingfestival.AndontheweekendafterMarch15thepeopleofHinckleyholdtheirBuzzardFestival.ThepeoplecomeandlookarounD.Theychat.Theyeattheirfillofpancakesandsausages.ThentheydrivepastBuzzard'sRoostonHinckleyRidgE.A.lotofthemstopneartheroadatthestandsetuptogiveinformationtovisitors.TheretheycanhearfromarecordingthemainfactsaboutthebuzzarD.TheycanseeastuffedbuzzarD.Theycanlookatsomepicturestakenofbuzzardsinotheryears.Withgoodluckandastrongpairoffieldglassestheymaysightoneortwolivebuzzardshighinthesky.Buzzardsmaybeugly.Theymaybeflyinggarbagecans.ButinHinckleytheyarejustaswelcomeastheswallowsinCapistranoCaliforniA.ItwouldbeasadspringindeedifthebuzzardseverfailedtocomebacktoHinckleyRidgE.60.A.goodtitleforthisstorywouldbe__________.A.TheHinckleyBuzzardFestivalB.BuzzardtheUgliestBirdC.WhytheBuzzardHasaPinkHeadD.TheReturnofTheGarbageCan61.Thebuzzardiscalledtheflyinggarbagecanbecauseit__________.A.isuglyB.eatswasteanddeadanimalsC.lookslikeagarbagecanD.collectrubbishontheground62.ThesurprisingthingaboutHinckley'sbuzzardsisthat＿.A.theyspendthewinterinthesouthB.theycomeveryclosetothetownC.theyreturnonthesamedayeachyearD.bothbuzzardsandswallowsreturntoCapistranoonMarch1563.AttheinformationstandvisitorstoHinckley'sBuzzardFestivalcan_________.A.learnsomefactsabout.thebuzzardB.easilyseealivebuzzardC.takesomepictureswiththebackgroundoflivebuzzardsD.feedtheirfillofpancakesandsausagestobuzzards

Thefactthatblindpeoplecanseethingsusingotherpartsoftheirbodiesapartfromtheireyesmayhelpustounderstandourfeelingsaboutcolor.Iftheycansensecolordifferencesthenperhapswetooareaffected影响bycolorwithoutknowingit.Salesmenhavediscoveredbyexperienceoveralongperiodoftimethatsugarsellsbadlyingreenwrappings包装thatbluefoodsareconsiderednotagreeabletothetasteandthatcosmetics化妆品shouldneverbepackedinbrown.Thesediscoverieshavegrownintoawholesubjectofcolorpsychology心理学.Someofourpreferences偏爱areclearlypsychological.Darkblueisthecolorofthenightskyandthereforeconnectedwithcalmwhileyellowisadaycolorconnectedwithenergyandencouragement.Experimentshaveshownthatcolorspartlybecausetheyareconnectedwithpsychologyalsohaveadirecteffectonpeople’sminD.Peopleinbrightredsurroundings环境showanincreaseinbreathingspeedheartbeatandbloodpressurE.Redisexciting.Purebluehasexactlytheoppositeeffect;itisacalmingcolor.Beingexcitingredwaschosenasthesignalfordangerbutacloserstudyshowsthatabrightyellowcanproduceamorebasicstateofalarmsofireenginesinsomeadvancedareasarenowrushingaroundinbrightyellowcolorsthatstopbusestrucksandcars.68.Thepassagetellsusthatsalesmenhave_______.A.foundoutthatcolorsaffectsalesB.discoveredtherelationshipbetweencolorandpsychologyC.triedcolorsonblindpeopleD.developedaspecialsubjectofcolorpsychology69.Ifpeopleareexposedto置身于pureblue_______.A.theirbodypressurerisesB.theywon’teasilyfeelnervousC.theywanttotastebluefoodsD.theywillfeellikebuyingthings70.Whichofthefollowingdoyouthinkisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.ColorandFeelingsB.ColorsandSalesC.TheBlindandColorsD.PreferencesforColors

NewtechnologylinkstheworldasneverbeforE.Ourplanethasshrunk.It’snowaglobalvillagewherecountriesareonlysecondsawaybyfaxorphoneorsatellitelink.Andofcourseourabilitytobenefitfromthishigh-techcommunicationsequipmentisgreatlyenhancedbyforeignlanguageskills.DeeplyinvolvedwiththisnewtechnologyisabreedofmodernbusinesspeoplewhohaveagrowingrespectfortheeconomicvalueofdoingbusinessabroaD.Inmodernmarketssuccessoverseasoftenhelpssupportdomesticbusinessefforts.Overseasassignmentsarebecomingincreasinglyimportanttoadvancementwithinexecutiveranks.TheexecutivestationedinanothercountrynolongerneedfearbeingoutofsightandoutofminD.Heorshecanbesurethattheoverseaseffortiscentraltothecompany’splanforsuccessandthatpromotionsoftenfolloworaccompanyanassignmentabroaD.IfanemployeecansucceedinadifficultassignmentoverseassuperiorswillhavegreaterconfidenceinhisorherabilitytocopebackintheUnitedStateswherecross-culturalconsiderationsandforeignlanguageissuesarebecomingmoreandmoreprevalent普遍的.ThankstoavarietyofrelativelyinexpensivecommunicationsdeviceswithbusinessapplicationsevensmallbusinessesintheUnitedStatesareabletogetintointernationalmarkets.Englishisstilltheinternationallanguageofbusiness.Butthereisanever-growingneedforpeoplewhocanspeakanotherlanguagE.A.secondlanguageisn’tgenerallyrequiredtogetajobinbusinessbuthavinglanguageskillsgivesacandidatetheedgewhenotherqualificationsappeartobeequal.Theemployeepostedabroadwhospeaksthecountry’sprincipallanguagehasanopportunitytofast-forwardcertainnegotiationsandcanhavetheculturalinsighttoknowwhenitisbettertomovemoreslowly.Theemployeeatthehomeofficewhocancommunicatewellwithforeignclientsoverthetelephoneorbyfaxmachineisanobviousassettothefirm.72.Withtheincreaseduseofhigh-techcommunicationsequipmentbusinesspeople________.A.havetogetfamiliarwithmoderntechnologyB.aregainingmoreeconomicbenefitsfromdomesticoperationsC.areattachingmoreimportancetotheiroverseasbusinessD.areeagertoworkoverseas73.InthispassageoutofsightandoutofmindLines2-3ParA.3probablymeans________.A.beingunabletothinkproperlyforlackofinsightB.beingtotallyoutoftouchwithbusinessathomeC.missingopportunitiesforpromotionwhenabroadD.leavingallcareandworrybehind74.Accordingtothepassagewhatisanimportantconsiderationofinternationalcorporationsinemployingpeopletoday?A.Connectionswithbusinessesoverseas.B.Abilitytospeaktheclient’slanguagE.C.Technicalknow-how.D.BusinessexperiencE.75.Theadvantageofemployeeshavingforeignlanguageskillsisthattheycan________.A.bettercontrolthewholenegotiationprocessB.easilyfindnewapproachestomeetmarketneedsC.fast-forwardtheirproposalstoheadquartersD.easilymakefriendswithbusinesspeopleabroad

Cathyisatetraplegic.Shehasnotbeenabletomoveherarmslegsorspeaksincesufferingastroke中风nearlyfifteenyearsago.Recentlyshelearnedhowtocontrolaroboticarmusingherthoughts.Shenowcanusebrainactivitytoserveherselfadrink.TheAmericanwomanisoneoftwopeoplewhotookpartinaresearchprojectknownasBrainGate2.Theresearchershavespentyearsstudyinghowtohelppeoplewhoaredisabledregainmovementintheirarmsandlegs.Johnwhoisaneuroscientist神经科学家andalsowaspartoftheprojectsaidOurideaistoavoidthatdamagednervoussystemandgodirectlyfromthebraintotheoutsideworldsothebrainsignalscannotcontrolmusclebutcontrolmachinesordevices设备likeacomputeroraroboticarm.Thetwodisabledpeoplehadsmallsensorsconnectedtothepartofthebrainthatcontrolsmovement.Thedevicesmeasuredbrainactivityandsentthatinformationtoacomputer.Thecomputerhasspecialsoftwarethatturnstheinformationintodigitalcommandsforoperatingotherdevices.Theresearchersusedahighlydevelopedroboticarmtorecreatehumanactions.TheBrainGateteamhaditsfirstsuccessin2006.Avictimwasabletousethebrain—computersystemtocontrolacomputermouse.Johnsaysthelatestdevelopmentusingroboticarmsisamajorvictory.AvideoofthelatestexperimentshowsCathyusingtheroboticarmtopickupacupofcoffee.Sheguidesthecuptowardhermouthmovesitforwardanddrinksthroughastraw.LeadresearcherLeighHochbergsaiditwasanunbelievablemoment?Theresearchteamcardedoutalmost200testswithtwodifferentroboticarmswhichwereabletopickuptheirtargetobjects43％to66％ofthetime.Theresearchersarecallingtheinformationverypromising.Buttheysayitwilltakeyearstofullydevelopthetechnologyforeverydayuse.71.WhatcanweknowaboutCathyfromthispassage?A.Sheisanexpertaboutthestroke.B.Sheisadisabledwomanwhocan'twalkatall.C.Sheisascientistandisalsopartoftheproject.D.Sheisaresearchertakingpartintheproject.72.Howdoestheroboticarmwork?73.WhydidLeighHochbergsayitwasanunbelievablemoment?A.Becausethelatestexperimentofusingroboticarmshassucceeded.B.BecausetheBrainGateteamhaditsfirstSuccessin2006.C.Becausethetwodisabledpeoplecanmoveandspeak.D.Becausehewaspartoftheproject.74.Whatcanweinferfromthispassage?A.Thetechnologyhadbeenputintousebefore2006.B.Itwillbeseveralmonthsbeforethetechnologycomesintodailyuse.C.Quiteafewexperimentshavebeencarriedoutforthetechnology.D.Thetworoboticarmscouldn'tpickuptheirtargetobjects.75.What'sthepurposeoftheresearchproject?A.Tohelpthedisabledpeopletomoveandspeak.B.Tohelpthebrain-computersystemtocontrolacomputermouse.C.Tohelpthedisabledpeopleusebrainactivitytoservethemselvesadrink.D.Tohelpthedisabledpeopletogetmovementliketheirarmsandlegsagain.

LondonhasbecomeacyclefriendlyzoneafterthelaunchofanewbikehireschemE.IthasbeendesignedtoencouragemorepeopletocycleinandaroundcentralLondon.SohowdoesitworkFirstyouhavetosignuptotheschemetobesentakey.ThekeywillunlockoneofthebikeswhicharekeptatdockingstationsinandaroundcentralLondon.YouhavetopayanaccessfeeforthekeyandthenyoupayasyougoforthelengthoftimeyouusethebikE.TransportforLondonwhichrunstheschemearehopingtohave6000bikesand400dockingstationsinplacebytheendoftheyear.Thenewhiresystemishopingtoeasecongestion拥挤inLondonandisexpectedtocreateupto40000extracycletripsadayintothecitycenter.LondonMayorBorisJohnstonlaunchedtheschemeandsaidLondonhadbeenfilledwiththousandsofgleamingmachinesthatwilltransformthelookandfeelofourstreetsandbecomeascommonplaceonourroadsasblackcabsandredbuses.HowevertherehavebeenafewproblemssincetheschemewaslaunchedlastFriday.Onthefirstdaysomepeoplefoundtheycouldn'tdocktheirbikeproperlyandtheirusageofthebikehadnotregistereD.TransportforLondondidadmittheyhadbeenexpectingafewteethingproblemsandhavesaidtheywouldn'tchargeforthefirstdayasagestureofgoodwill.Someotherpeoplehavecriticizedthelackofdockingstationsandlocksforthebikesaswellasthepriceitcoststohirethebicycles.Despitethecommentsthegreen-thinkingLondonMayorstillseemsverypositiveaboutthingssayingMycampaignforthecapitaltobecomethegreatestbigcyclingcityintheworldhastakenabigpedal-poweredpushforwards.68.LondonMayorBorisJohnstonlaunchedthenewbikeschemeinorderto___.A.reducetheairpollutionofthecityB.encouragethecitizenstotakeexercisesC.dealwiththecity’strafficproblemsD.increaseemploymentopportunities69.AllthefollowingaretheproblemsoftheschemeEXCEPT________.A.thehighcosttohireabikeB.notregisteringtheirusageofthebikesC.notchargingforthefirstdayoftheschemeD.dockingthebikesproperly70.Fromthepassagewecaninferthat________.A.theLondonMayorisconfidentintheschemeB.theschemewillbecanceledbecauseoftheproblemsC.allthecitizensinLondonsupporttheschemeD.thecyclingrevolutionisnotsuccessful

ThetimeofyearababyisborncanshapewhatprofessiontheywillembarkoninlaterlifeanewstudyhassuggesteD.BeingborninacertainmonthappearstoindicatethepossibilityofwhatjobapersonwillendupwiththestudybytheOfficeforNationalStatisticsfounD.ResearchershaveuncoveredthatthemonthinwhichbabiesareborncouldalsoaffecteverythingfromintelligencetolengthoflifE.A.childborninDecemberismorelikelytobecomeadentistwhilesomeonewhosebirthdayfallsinJanuarywilltendtoadebtcollectortheyfounD.A.FebruarybirthappearstoincreasethechancesofbeinganartistwhileMarchbabiesappeartogoontobecomepilots.MeanwhileAprilandMayaresaidtohaveafairlyevenspreadofprofessionsbirthsinthesummermonthsmeanamuchlowerchanceofbecomingahigh-earningfootballplayerdoctorordentist.Thestudywasgainedbyresearcherswhoanalyzedthebirthmonthsofpeoplein19separateoccupationsusinginformationfromthelastcensus人口普查theDailyMailreporteD.Althoughthesetrendsmaybedifficulttoexplainrelationsbetweenbirthmonthsandspecifichealthproblemshaveascientificbasis.SpringbabiesareatgreaterriskofillnessesincludingschizophreniaAlzheimer’sdiseaseasthmaandautism.Theymayalsobelesscleverthanclassmatesborninotherpartsoftheyear.http://www.ebigear.com/news-115-76605.html63.Whatdoestheunderlinedphraseembarkonreferto?A.landonB.keepintouchwithC.beengagedinD.breakfrom64.AccordingtotheresearchersachildborninMarchislikelytobecome_______.A.adebtcollectorB.apilotC.adentistD.anartist65.Wecanlearnfromthetextthat______.A.themonthbabiesareborncouldonlyaffecthisintelligenceandlengthoflifeB.PeopleborninthesummermonthsaremorelikelytogethighlypaidC.SpringbabiesmayhavethebiggerchancetogetillD.thechoiceofprofessionforAprilandMayisverynarrow66.Whatcanbeincludedfromthepassage?A.ThereexistconnectionsbetweenbirthdateandoccupationsB.ThefatehasbeenalreadydecidedwhenpeoplearebornC.PeopleborninAutumnwouldbemoresuccessfulthanthoseborninSpringD.Thetimeofyearoneisborndecideswhichspecifichealthproblemsonehas

Thecomputerkeyboardhelpedkillshorthand---asystemofrapidhandwritingandnowit'sthreateningtofinishoffhandwritingasawholE.WhenhandwrittenessayswereintroducedontheSATexamsfortheclassof2011just15%ofthemost1.5millionstudentswrotetheiranswersincursive草写字母.Therest?Blockletters.AndthosecollegehopefulsarejustthefirstedgeofawaveofUSstudentswhonolongergetmuchhandwritinginstructionsintheprimarygradesfrequently10minutesadayorless.AsaresultmoreandmorestudentsstruggletoreadandwritecursivE.AtKeeneMillElementarySchoolinSpringfieldalltheirpoemsandstoriesaretypeD.ChildreninFairfaxCountyschoolsaretaughtkeyboardingbeginninginkindergarten.Olderstudentswhonevermasteredhandwritingsayitdoesn'taffecttheirgrades.TherearethosewhosaythecultureisatacrossingturningfromthewrittenwordtothetypedonE.Ifhandwritingbecomesalostformofcommunicationdoesitmatter?ItwasatUniversityofVirginiathatresearchersrecentlydiscoveredapreviouslyunknownpoembyRobertwritteninhisuniquescript.Handwrittendocumentsaremorevaluabletoresearchershistorianssaybecausetheirauthenticity真实性canbeconfirmeD.Studentsalsofindthemmorefascinating.Thelossofhandwritingalsomaybeacognitive认知的opportunitymisseD.Severalacademicstudieshavefoundthatgoodhandwritingskillsatayoungagecanhelpchildrenexpresstheirthoughtsbetter---alifelongbenefit.Itdoesn'ttakemuchtoteachbetterhandwritingskills.AtsomeschoolsinPrinceGeorge'sCountyelementaryschoolstudentsuseaprogramcalledHandwritingWithoutTearsfor15minutesaday.TheylearnthecorrectformationofmanuscriptlettersthroughsecondgradeandcursivelettersinthirdgradE.Therearealwaysgoingtobesomekidswhostrugglewithhandwritingbecauseoftheirparticularneurological神经系统的wiringlearningissuesorpoormotorskills.Educatorsoftenpointtothisfactorinsupportofkeyboarding.67.Whatistheauthorconcernedaboutafter2011SATexams?A.Keyboarding.B.ShorthanD.C.Handwriting.D.Blockletters.68.A.poembyRobertmentionedinthepassageisusedto_________.A.provehowvaluablehandwritingisB.explainwhatafamouspoetheisC.showhowuniquehispoemisD.stresshowfascinatingthedocumentsare68.TheexampleofHandwritingWithoutTearshelpstoarguethat_________.A.theschoolsareresponsibleforthelossofhandwritingB.thelossofhandwritingisacognitiveopportunitymissedC.itdoesn'ttakemuchtoteachbetterhandwritingskillsD.thecultureisturningfromthewrittenwordtothetypedone70.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthisdebate?A.NegativE.B.Encouragement.C.Critical.D.ObjectivE.

Thepracticeofmagicincludesspecialwordsactionsandobjects.Mostmagicinvolvesapersoncalledamagicianwhoclaimstohavesupernaturalpowers.Magicwords.Toworkmostmagicthemagiciansingsorspeaksspecialwordsinacertainorder.Thesewordsarecalledincantationsorspells.Somespellsformprayerstodemons魔鬼spiritsorothersupernaturalforces.Manysocietiesbelievethemagicwillnotworkunlessthemagicianrecitesthespellsperfectly.Othermagicwordshavenomeaningthoughtheysupposedlypossesspowerwhenspokenbyamagician.MagicactionsaccompanythewordsspokeninperformingmuchmagiC.ManyofthesemovementsactoutthedesiredeffectofthemagiC.Forexampleamagiciantryingtomakerainfallmaysprinkle洒wateronthegrounD.Themagician'scombinedwordsandactionsformaceremony.Magicobjectsincludecertainplantsstonesandotherthingswithsupposedsupernaturalpowers.Anysuchobjectmaybecalledafetish物神.Butthistermoftenreferstoanobject—forexampleacarvingoradriedsnake—honoredbyatribeforitsmagicpowers.Manytribesbelievefetisheshavemagicpowerbecausespiritsliveintheseobjects.Manypeoplecarrymagicobjectscalledamulets护身符toprotectthemselvesfromharm.Manyamuletsarestonesorringsengraved雕刻withmagicsymbols.Themagician.InsomesocietiesnearlyeveryoneknowshowtoworksomemagiC.InothersocietiesonlyexpertspracticemagiC.Magiciansmaybecalledmedicinemenmedicinewomenshamanssorcerersorwitchdoctors.Inmanysocietiesmagiciansmustinherittheirpowers.Inothersanypersonmaybecomeamagicianbystudyingthemagicalarts.Manysocietiesbelievemagiciansmustobservecertainrulesandtaboosforbiddenactionsfortheirspellstowork.Forexampletheymayberequirednottoeatvariousfoodsortoavoidsexualactivityforacertainperiodbeforetheceremony.41.Whatdomagicwordsmeantopeopleinsomesociety?A.TheyhavethepowertokilldevilsB.TheyhavepowerifmagicianrecitestherightspellsC.TheyhavenoeffectatallD.Theycanbeusedwhenevertheywant42.Peoplebelievemagicactionswillhaveaneffectiftheyareaccompaniedby.A.thespellsB.magicobjectsC.stonesorringsengravedwithmagicsymbolsD.medicine43.Whydomanypeoplebelieveinafetish?A.BecauseitisoftenaringwhichisworthalotofmoneyB.BecauseitiscarvedwithmagicsymbolsC.BecausepeoplethinkspiritsliveinitD.Becauseitcanhelpthemwithmanythings44.What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.HowMagicWorksB.ThePowerofMagicC.HowtoPracticeMagicD.TheChoiceofMagicians

H.owcouldwepossiblythinkthatkeepinganimalsincagesinunnaturalenvironments---mostlyforentertainmentpurposes---isfairandrespectful?Zooofficialssaytheyareconcernedaboutanimals.Howevermostzoosremaincollectionsofinterestingthingsratherthanprotectivehabitats.Zoosteachpeoplethatitisacceptabletokeepanimalsboredlonelyandfarfromtheirnaturalhomes.Zooclaimstoeducatepeopleandsaveendangeredspeciesbutvisitorsleaveszooswithouthavinglearnedanythingmeaningfulabouttheanimals’naturalbehaviourintelligenceorbeauty.Zookeepsanimalsinsmallspacesorcagesandmostsignsonlymentionthespecies’namedietandnaturalrangE.Theanimals’normalbehaviorisseldomnoticedbecausezoosdon’tusuallytakecareoftheanimals’naturalneeds.TheanimalsarekepttogetherinsmallspaceswithnoprivacyandlittleopportunityformentalandphysicalexercisE.Thisresultsinunusualandself-destructivebehaviorcalledzoochosis.A.worldwidestudyofzoosfoundthatzoochosiscommonamonganimalskeptinsmallspacesorcages.Anotherstudyshowedthatelephantsspend22percentoftheirtimemakingrepeatedheadmovementsorbitingcagebarsandbearsspend30percentoftheirtimewalkingbackandforthasignofunhappinessandpain.FurthermoremostanimalsinzoosarenotendangereD.Captivebreeding圈养繁殖ofendangeredbigcatsAsianelephantsandanotherspecieshasnotresultedintheirbeingsentbacktothewilD.Zoostalkalotabouttheircaptivebreedingprogramsbecausetheydonotwantpeopletoworryaboutaspeciesdyingout.Infactbabyanimalsalsoattractalotofpayingcustomers.Haven’tweseenenoughcompetitionstonamebabyanimals?Actuallywestillsaveendangeredspeciesonlyifwesavetheirhabitatsandputanendtothereasonspeoplekillthem.Insteadofsupportingzoosweshouldsupportgroupsthatworktoprotectanimals’naturalhabitats.36.Howwouldtheauthordescribetheanimals’lifeinZoos?A.DangerousB.UnhappyC.NaturalD.Easy37.Inthestateofzoochosisanimals_______________.A.remainincagesB.behavestrangelyC.attackotheranimalsD.enjoymovingaround38.Accordingtothepassagewhatpointofviewdoestheauthorhold?A.Zoosarenotworththepublicsupport.B.Zoosfailintheirattempttosaveanimals.C.Zoosshouldtreatanimalsashumanbeings.D.Zoosuseanimalsasameansofentertainment.39.Theauthortriestopersuadereaderstoaccepthisargumentmainlyby________.A.pointingoutthefaultsinwhatzoosdoB.usingevidencehehascollectedatzoosC.exploringthewayanimalsareprotectedD.discussingtheadvantagesofnaturalhabitats40.Althoughhearguesagainstzoostheauthorwouldstillagreethat___________.A.zooshavetokeepanimalsinsmallspacesB.mostanimalsinzoosareendangeredspeciesC.someendangeredanimalsarereproducedinzoosD.it’sacceptabletokeepanimalsawayfromtheirhabitats

Noonecanchangetheweather.Nobodycancontroltheweather.ButifwereadcorrectlythesignsarounduswecantellwhatthemoreimportantchangesintheweatherwillbE.Thiswayoftellingwhattheweatherwillbelikeonthefollowingdayortwoiscalledweatherforecasting.Formanycenturiesandinallcountriespeoplehavestudiedtheweatherandtriedtomakeweatherforecasting.Ringsaroundthesunareasignofcomingrain.Thatmanypeoplefeeltheirjoints关节hurtisasignofwetweather.Somebirdsflyhighiftheweatherisfinebuttheyflynearthegroundifrainyorstormyweatherisontheway.IfyouseearainbowduringrainyweatherthisisasignthattheweatherwillbecomeclearandfinE.Suchrainbowscomeintheevening.IfthestarstwinkleclearlyatnightthenfineweatherwillcontinuE.Ifafogappearsinthemorningjustaboveariverthenthedaywillbewarm.IfthesunsetismostlyredincolourthenthefollowingdaywillbefinE.IfarainbowappearsinthemorningrainyweatherwillprobablycomE.Mostoftheabovesayingshavebeenmadebythepeoplewhohaveusedtheireyesandbrainstomakeweatherforecasting.40.Whichistrueaboutweatherforecasting?A.WeatherforecastingisawayoftellingwhattheweatherwillbelikE.B.Weatherforecastingisareportabouttheweather.C.Weatherforecastingisasignofcomingrain.D.Peoplecanchangetheweatherforecasting.41.Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedheretoreplacetheunderlinedphraseontheway?A.continuingB.reducing.C.coming.D.disappearing42.Whichofthefollowingsignscantelltheweatherwillprobablyberainy?A.Somebirdsflyhigh.B.A.rainbowappearsinthemorning.C.Thesunsetismostlyredincolour.D.Fogsappearinthemorningjustaboveariver.43.Thebesttitleofthepassageis_______.A.WeatherforecastingplaysanimportantroleinourlifeB.WeatherforecastingcanbringpeoplesomesignsofweatherC.Weatherisforecastedonlybyeyesandbrains.D.Peoplecanpredictweatherbyexperienceindailylife