The home of the future won’t be completely different and we will be living in houses and flats just as we do today.But people will want to shape their homes to match their dreams.No two homes will be the same.People will be able to buy “house kits” containing a basic house structure, with movable walls, doors and windows.They will put together the different parts to create the home they want. Many jobs that we do today will disappear, others will still exist but will change and new jobs will be createD. Skilled workers such as builders, gardeners and electricians won’t disappear because machines can’t replace them. Teachers will still exist because students need human contact. But they will be using modern technology in class more and students will be working more from homE. The medical technology revolution and space travel will create new jobs which we can only imagine today. Space holidays will develop in the future, but these holidays won’t be for everyone because they won’t be cheap. Short space trips will develop first, then space hotels will orbit the earth where it will be possible to have a longer vacation. By the end of the next century, there will be holiday centres on the moon with leisure facilities for families. Paper won’t exist in the futurE. Instead, there will be e-paper which people will be able to use over and over again. This will develop in order to save natural resources. E-newspapers and e-magazines will replace traditional newspapers and magazines and we will download information and news articles from the Internet every day onto our reuseable paper. The laws of physics tell us that the earth is going to disappear some time in the future.This isn’t going to happen tomorrow but scientists predict that it will happen in five billion years when our sun explodes (爆炸).We will have to explore the universe and find another homE. At some point in the distant future, either we stay on the earth and die with it, or we leave and move to another planet. There won’t be any other choicE. 48. Homes of the future will ________. A. be completely different from those of today B. be very similar to our homes C. all be different from one another D. be movable as you want 49. Space trips and staying in space hotels will ________. A. become a very common way to spend a holiday B. be the best holiday option for families C. attract a lot of people D. still only be for very rich people 50. E.-paper will replace traditional paper because ________. A. we will use it again B. it won’t waste natural resource C. it will be cheaper to produce D. it will be convenient to carry 51. We will have move to another planet ________. A. if we want to save the human race B. when the sun explodes C. when the earth disappears D. when the earth is too crowded to fill people on
所属题库:高中英语

题目介绍:
Thehomeofthefuturewon’tbecompletelydifferentandwewillbelivinginhousesandflatsjustaswedotoday.Butpeoplewillwanttoshapetheirhomestomatchtheirdreams.Notwohomeswillbethesame.Peoplewillbeabletobuyhousekitscontainingabasichousestructurewithmovablewallsdoorsandwindows.Theywillputtogetherthedifferentpartstocreatethehometheywant.ManyjobsthatwedotodaywilldisappearotherswillstillexistbutwillchangeandnewjobswillbecreateD.Skilledworkerssuchasbuildersgardenersandelectricianswon’tdisappearbecausemachinescan’treplacethem.Teacherswillstillexistbecausestudentsneedhumancontact.ButtheywillbeusingmoderntechnologyinclassmoreandstudentswillbeworkingmorefromhomE.Themedicaltechnologyrevolutionandspacetravelwillcreatenewjobswhichwecanonlyimaginetoday.Spaceholidayswilldevelopinthefuturebuttheseholidayswon’tbeforeveryonebecausetheywon’tbecheap.Shortspacetripswilldevelopfirstthenspacehotelswillorbittheearthwhereitwillbepossibletohavealongervacation.Bytheendofthenextcenturytherewillbeholidaycentresonthemoonwithleisurefacilitiesforfamilies.Paperwon’texistinthefuturE.Insteadtherewillbee-paperwhichpeoplewillbeabletouseoverandoveragain.Thiswilldevelopinordertosavenaturalresources.E-newspapersande-magazineswillreplacetraditionalnewspapersandmagazinesandwewilldownloadinformationandnewsarticlesfromtheInterneteverydayontoourreuseablepaper.Thelawsofphysicstellusthattheearthisgoingtodisappearsometimeinthefuture.Thisisn’tgoingtohappentomorrowbutscientistspredictthatitwillhappeninfivebillionyearswhenoursunexplodes爆炸.WewillhavetoexploretheuniverseandfindanotherhomE.Atsomepointinthedistantfutureeitherwestayontheearthanddiewithitorweleaveandmovetoanotherplanet.Therewon’tbeanyotherchoicE.48.Homesofthefuturewill________.A.becompletelydifferentfromthoseoftodayB.beverysimilartoourhomesC.allbedifferentfromoneanotherD.bemovableasyouwant49.Spacetripsandstayinginspacehotelswill________.A.becomeaverycommonwaytospendaholidayB.bethebestholidayoptionforfamiliesC.attractalotofpeopleD.stillonlybeforveryrichpeople50.E.-paperwillreplacetraditionalpaperbecause________.A.wewilluseitagainB.itwon’twastenaturalresourceC.itwillbecheapertoproduceD.itwillbeconvenienttocarry51.Wewillhavemovetoanotherplanet________.A.ifwewanttosavethehumanraceB.whenthesunexplodesC.whentheearthdisappearsD.whentheearthistoocrowdedtofillpeopleon,
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Intoday’sworldalmosteveryoneknowsthatairpollutionandwaterpollutionareharmfultopeople’shealth.Howevernotallknowthatnoiseisalsoakindofpollutionandthatisharmfultohumantoo.Peoplewhoworkandliveundernoisyconditionsusuallybecomedeaf耳聋的.Todayhoweverscientistsbelievethat10%ofworkersinBritainaredeafenedbythenoisewheretheywork.Manyoftheworkerswhoprintnewspapersandbooksandwhoweaveclothbecomedeaf.Quiteafewpeoplelivingnearairportsalsobecomedeaf.RecentlyitwasdiscoveredthatmanyteenagersinAmericacouldhearnobetterthan65-year-oldpeoplefortheseyoungpeopleliketolistentopopmusicandmostofpopmusicisakindofnoisE.Besidesnoiseproducedbyjetplaneormachineswillmakepeople’slifedifficultandunpleasantorevenmakepeopleillorevendrivethemmaD.Itissaidthatacontinuousnoiseofover85decibels分贝cancausedeafness.Nowadaysthegovernmentsinmanycountrieshavemadelawstoreduceorcontrolnoiseandmakeitlessthan85decibels.InChinathepeople’sgovernmentistryingtosolvenotonlyairandwaterpollutionproblemsbutalsothenoisepollutionproblems.45.Intheworldtodaynoteverypersonknows.A.waterpollutionB.airpollutionC.harmfulpollutionD.noisepollution46.Todayscientistsbelievethat.A.90%ofalltheworkersinBritainarenotsufferingfromnoiseB.10%ofalltheworkersinBritainareworkinginnoisyplacesC.10%ofalltheworkersinBritainaredeafenedbythenoisewheretheywork.D.90%ofalltheworkersarefreefromanynoise47.Thosewhousuallyhavepoorerhearing.A.weaveclothB.sellnewspapersC.likelisteningtomusicD.oftentravelbyplane48.Accordingtothepassageacontinuousnoisecanmakeyoudeaf.A.inworkingplacesB.oflessthen85decibelsC.ofover85decibelsD.ofonly85decibels
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60.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat______.A.catswouldratherplayalonethanwithothersB.catswereborntoplaytricksontheirownersC.manypeoplethinkdogsareman’sbestfriendsD.catssleeplessthananyotheranimaldoes61.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Catsareveryeasytobekeptashousepets.B.Catsneedmoretimetodoexercisethandogs.C.CatsareafraidofgoingoutalonE.D.Catsdon’tliketocleanthemselves.62.Thepassagetellsusthatifacatisleftaloneathomeitwill________.A.stayinitslittleboxB.destroythefurnitureC.bequieterthanusualD.doitsusualactivities63.Inthelastparagraphwecanlearnthatcatsare_______.A.playfulB.cuteC.politeD.noisy
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Haveyoueverwonderedwhybirdssing?Maybeyouthoughtthattheywerejusthappy.Afterallyouprobablysingorwhistle吹口哨whenyouarehappy.Doyouknowwhataterritoryis?A.territoryisanareathatananimalusuallythemaleclaims声称asitsown.OnlyheandhisfamilyarewelcometherE.Nootherfamiliesofthesamespecies物种arewelcomE.YouryardandhouseareyourterritorywhereonlyyourfamilyandfriendsarewelcomE.Ifastrangershouldenteryourterritoryandthreatenyouyoumightshout.Probablythiswouldbeenoughtofrightenhimaway.Ifsoyouhaveactuallyscaredthestrangerawaywithouthavingtofighthim.A.birddoesthesamething.Butheexpectsnooutsidersalmostanytimeespeciallyatnesting筑巢season.Soheisscreamingallthetimewhetherhecanseeanoutsiderornot.Thisscreamingiswhatwecallabird’ssonganditisusuallyenoughtokeepanoutsideraway.Birdssingloudestinthespringwhentheyaretryingtoattractamateandwarnothersnottoentertheterritoryoftheirs.Youcanseethatbirdshavealanguageoftheirown.Mostofithastodowithattractingmatesandsettingupterritories.56.Somescientistsbelievethatmostofthetimebirds’singingisactually.A.anexpressionofhappinessB.awayofwarningC.anexpressionofangerD.awayofgreeting57.Whatisabird’sterritory?A.A.placewherefamiliesofotherspeciesareaccepteD.B.A.placewhereabirdmayshoutatthetopofitsvoicE.C.Anareaforwhichbirdsfightagainsteachother.D.Anareawhichabirdconsiderstobeitsown.58.Whydobirdskeeponsingingatnestingseason?A.Becausetheywanttoinvitemorefriends.B.Becausetheirsinginghelpsfrightenoutsidersaway.C.BecausetheywanttofindoutsidersarounD.D.Becausetheirsinginghelpsgetridoftheirfears.59.Howdoesthewriterexplainbirds’singing?A.Bycomparingbirdswithhumanbeings.B.Byreportingexperimentresults.C.Bydescribingbirds’dailylifE.D.Bytellingabird’sstory.60.Wherewillyouprobablyfindthepassage?A.A.textbookB.A.newspaperC.A.sciencereportD.A.guidebook
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Foodsometimesgetspoisonedwithharmfulthings.A.personwhoeatssuchfoodcangetanillnesscalledfoodpoisoning.Foodpoisoningisusuallynotseriousbutsometypesaredeadly.ThesignsoffoodpoisoningusuallybeginwithinhoursofeatingthepoisonedfooD.Feverisoneofthemostcommonsigns.Certainmicroorganisms微生物causemosttypesoffoodpoisoning.Bacteriaandothermicroorganismscanpoisoneggsmeatvegetablesandmanyotherfoods.Afterenteringthebodythesetinylivingthingsrelease释放poisonsthatmakepeoplesick.Somechemicalscanalsocausefoodpoisoning.TheyareoftenaddedtofoodwhileitisbeinggrownprocessedorprepareD.Forexamplemanyfarmersspraychemicalsoncropstokillweedsandinsects.Somepeoplemayhaveabadreactiontothosechemicalswhentheyeatthecrops.SomeplantsandanimalscontainnaturalpoisonsthatareharmfultopeoplE.Theseincludecertainkindsofseafoodgrainsnutsseedsbeansandmushrooms.Whenpeoplehandlefoodproperlytheriskoffoodpoisoningisverysmall.Microorganismsmultiplyrapidlyindirtyplacesandinwarmtemperatures.Thismeansthatpeopleshouldnevertouchfoodwithdirtyhandsorputfoodonunwashedsurfaces.Foodshouldbekeptinarefrigeratortostopmicroorganismsfromgrowing.Meatneedstobecookedthoroughlytokillanydangerousmicroorganisms.Peopleshouldalsowashfoodcoveredwithchemicalsbeforeeatingit.FinallypeopleshouldnoteatwildmushroomsorotherfoodsthatgrowinthewilD.Someofthesefoodsmaycontainnaturalmaterialsthatarepoisonoustohumans.Inadditionsometypesoffishcanbepoisonous.Mostpeoplerecoverfromfoodpoisoningafterafewdaysofrestinganddrinkingextrawater.IfpeopleeatnaturalpoisonstheymustgotothehospitalrightawaytohavetheirstomachsemptieD.77.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Foodwhenpoisonedcanmakepeoplesick.B.Foodpoisoningmeansdeath.C.Foodpoisoningcomesinvarieties.D.Foodpoisoningcanbeserious.78.Weknowfromthepassagethatthesymptomsoffoodpoisoning.A.arealwaysaccompaniedbyafeverB.aretoocommontobenotedC.canbenoticedwithinhoursD.canheignored79.FoodpoisoningcanbecausedbyallthefollowingEXCEPT.A.somechemicalsB.lowtemperaturesC.sometinylivingthingsD.certainnaturalmaterials80.FromParagraph5wecanlearnthat.A.mushroomsshouldnotbeeatenB.vegetablesaresaferthanmeatandseafoodC.naturalpoisonsaremoredangerousthanchemicalsD.differenttypesoffoodshouldbehandleddifferently
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Manypsychologistsintheearlytwentiethcenturybelievedthathumansuseonly10percentoftheirbrainsandeventhegreatAlbertEinsteinoncewrotethatmostpeopleuseonlyasmallportionofthegreymatterbetweentheirears.It'satheorythathasoftenbeenputforwardintelevisiondocumentaries;magazinesadvertisementsandbooksoverthepastcentury.Butnearlyallscientistsnowagreethe10percenttheoryiscompletelyunfounded.InfacttheyquestionhowthisfigurewaseverarrivedatinthefirstplaceandwhatareasofthebrainaresupposedtobeunneedeD.Thetheorysupposesthatif90percentofthebrainwereremovedapersonwouldStillbeabletofunctionnormallywhileinrealityitisknownthatdamagetoevenasmallareaofthebraincanresultinextremelyseriousphysicalinjurydifferentactivitiesandthatmanyareasofthebrainareusedatthesametimeforsomecomplexactivitiesorthoughtprocesses.Throughoutthecourseofonedaymost.areasofthebrainareactiveatsometimeevenduringsleep.The10percenttheorysuggeststhatcertainareaso'thebrainarenotusedbutscansslowactivitiesthroughouttheentirebrainandnotinanyseparatepart.Thefinalargumentagainstthe10percenttheoryisthefactthatdoctorscarefullymapthebrainbeforeremovingbraincancerssothattheydon'taffectotheressentialareas.Fromanevolutionarypointofviewit'shighlyunlikelybuttourcomparativelylargerbrainswouldhaveevolvedfromourancestorsiftheextraareaswerenotneedeD.Infactthereisabsolutelynoevidencesupportthe10percenttheory.41.Howdidthe10percenttheorygetsuchwidespreadpopularity?A.ItwaspromotedinvarioustypesofcopularmediA.B.AlbertEinsteinarguedstronglyinsupport.C.Itwasproveninscientificresearch.D.Fewpeoplecouldproveitwrong.42.Theunderlinedwordunfoundedischestinmeaningto_________.A.undiscoveredB.unprovenC.unknownD.unnecessary43.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothewriter?A.Weuselessthan10%ofourbrains.B.Mostbraindisordersaffectthesamepartofthebrain.C.Thebrainislessactiveduringtimesofsleep.D.The10percenttheorydoesnotmakeevolutionarysensE.44.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Peopletodayusemoreoftheirbrainthaninthepast.B.ScientificopinionaboutthetopicofbrainuseisequallydivideD.C.Ourunderstandingofthebrainhaschangedgreatlyinthepastdecades.D.Modernscientistshaveacompletepictureofhowthebrainworks.45.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Topresenttwosidesofbraintheory.B.Tocriticizethe10percenttheory.C.Toexplainhowbrainworks.D.Todescribethehistoryofbrainresearch.
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Honey蜂蜜fromtheAfricanforestisnotonlyakindofnaturalsugaritisalsodelicious.Mostpeopleandmanyanimalslikeeatingit.Howevertheonlywayforthemtogetthathoneyistofindawildbees'nest巢andtakethehoneyfromit.Oftenthesenestsarehighupintreesanditisdifficulttofindthem.InpartsofAfricathoughpeopleandanimalslookingforhoneyhaveastrangeandunexpectedhelper一alittlebirdcalledahoneyguidE.Thehoneyguidedoesnotdoesnotactuallylikehoneybutitdoeslikethewax蜂蜡inthebeehives蜂.Thelittlebirdcannotreachthiswaxwhichisdeepinsidethebee’snest.Sowhenitfindsasuitablenestitlooksforsomeonetohelpit.ThehoneyguidegivesaloudcrythatattractstheattentionofbothpassinganimalsandpeoplE.Onceithastheirattentionitfliesthroughtheforestwaitingfromtimetotimeforthecuriousanimalorpersonasitleadsthemtothenest.Whentheyfinallyarriveatthenestthefollowerreachesintogetatthedelicioushoneyasthebirdpatientlywaitsandwatches.SomeofthehoneyandthewaxalwaysfallstothegroundandthisiswhenthehoneyguidetakesitssharE.Scientistsdonotknowwhythehoneyguidelikeseatingthewaxbutitisverydeterminedinitseffortstogetit.Thebirdsseemtobeabletosmellwaxfromalongdistanceaway.Theywillquicklyarrivewheneverabeekeeperistakinghoneyfromhisbeehivesandwillevenenterchurcheswhenbeeswaxcandlesarebeinglit.59.Whyisitdifficulttofindawildbees'nest?A.It'ssmallinsizE.B.It'shiddenintrees.C.It'scoveredwithwax.D.It'shardtorecognizE.60.WhatdothewordsthefollowerinParagraph2referto?A.A.beE.B.A.birD.C.A.honeyseeker.D.A.beekeeper.61.Thehoneyguideisspecialintheway_·A.itgetsitsfoodB.itgoestochurchC.itsingsintheforestD.itreachesintobees'nests62.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WildBeesB.WaxandHoneyC.BeekeepinginAfricaD.Honey-Lover'sHelper
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TodayalmosteveryoneknowscomputersandtheInternet.ffIaskyouWhatisthemostimportantinyourlife?maybeyouwillsayComputersandtheInternet.?ThefirstcomputerWasmadein1946.Itwasverybigbutitworkedslowly.Todaycomputersaregettingsmallerandsmaller.Buttheyworkfasterandfaster.Whatcancomputersdo?A.writerhassaidPeoplecan'tlivewithoutcomputerstoday.TheInternetcamealittlelaterthancomputers.Itisabouttwenty-fiveyearslaterthancomputers.ButnowitcanbefoundalmosteverywherE.Wecanuseittoreadbookswritelettersdoshoppingplaygamesormakefriends.ManystudentsliketheInternetverymuch.TheyoftengointotheInternetassoonastheyarefreE.TheymakefriendsontheInternetandmaybetheyhaveneverseenthesefriends.Theydon'tknowtheirrealnamesagesandevensex性别.Theyaresointerestedinmakingtheunrealfriendsthattheycan'tputtheirheartintostudy.Manyofthemcan'tcatchupwithothersonmanysubjectsbecauseofthat.WecanusecomputersandtheInternettolearnmoreabouttheworlD.ButatthesametimeweshouldrememberthatnotallthethingscanbedonebycomputersandtheInternet.68.TheInternetcannotbeusedfor______A.studyingB.shoppingC.thinkingD.playing69.TheInternetwasborninabout______A.1960B.1970C.1980D.198570.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.FewstudentslikegoingintotheInternet.B.StudentsusetheInternettomakeunrealfriends.C.Theseunrealfriendsoftenmeeteachother.D.StudentsknowthefriendsOntheInternetverywell.71.WhatdoesthewriterthinkoftheInternet?A.Itiswonderful.B.Itcanmakestudentsstudyharder.C.Itisnotgoodforstudents.D.Itishelpfulbutwecan'tdoeverythingonit.
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Ifyouwanttostayyoungsitdownandhaveagoodthink.ThisistheresearchfindingofateamofJapanesedoctorswhosaythatmostofourbrainsarenotgettingenoughexercise—andasaresultweareageingunnecessarilysoon.ProfessorTaijuMatsuzawawantedtofindoutwhyotherwisehealthyfarmersinnorthernJapanappearedtobelosingtheirabilitytothinkandreasonatarelativelyearlyageandhowtheprocessofageingcouldbesloweddown.WithateamofcolleaguesatTokyoNationalUniversityhesetaboutmeasuringbrainvolumesofathousandpeopleofdifferentagesandvaryingoccupations.Computertechnologyenabledtheresearcherstoobtainprecisemeasurementsofthevolumeofthefrontandsidesectionsofthebrainwhichrelatetointellect智能andemotionanddeterminethehumancharacter.Therearsectionofthebrainwhichcontrolsfunctionslikeeatingandbreathingdoesnotcontractwithageandonecancontinuelivingwithoutintellectualoremotionalfaculties.Contractionoffrontandsideparts—ascellsdieoff—wasobservedIsomesubjectsintheirthirtiesbutitwasstillnotevidentinsomesixty-andseventy-year-olds.Matsuzawaconcludedfromhisteststhatthereisasimpleremedytothecontractionnormallyassociatedwithage—usingtheheaD.Thefindingsshowingeneraltermsthatcontractionofthebrainbeginssoonerinpeopleinthecountrythaninthetowns.ThoseleastatrisksaysMatsuzawaarelawyersfollowedbyuniversityprofessorsanddoctors.Whitecollarworkersdoingroutineworkingovernmentofficesarehoweveraslikelytohaveshrinkingbrainsasthefarmworkerbusdriverandshopassistant.Matsuzawa’sfindingsshowthatthinkingcanpreventthebrainfromshrinking.BloodmustcirculateproperlyintheheadtosupplythefreshoxygenthebraincellsneeD.ThebestwaytomaintaingoodbloodcirculationisthroughusingthebrainhesaysThinkhardandengageinconversation.Don’trelyonpocketcalculators.36.Theteamofdoctorswantedtofindout________.A.whycertainpeopleagesoonerthanothersB.howtomakepeoplelivelongerC.thesizeofcertainpeople’sbrainsD.whichpeoplearemostintelligent37.Onwhataretheirresearchfindingsbased?A.A.surveyoffarmersinnorthernJapan.B.TestsperformedonathousandoldpeoplE.C.ThestudyofbrainvolumesofdifferentpeopleD.Thelatestdevelopmentofcomputertechnology.38.Thedoctor’stestshowthat________.A.ourbrainsshrinkaswegrowolderB.thefrontsectionofthebraindoesnotshrinkC.sixty-year-oldshavethebetterbrainsthanthirty-year-oldsD.somepeople’sbrainshavecontractedmorethanotherpeople’s.39.ThewordsubjectsinParagraph5means________.A.somethingtobeconsideredB.branchesofknowledgestudiedC.personschosentobestudiedinanexperimentD.anymemberofastateexceptthesupremeruler.40.Accordingtothepassagewhichpeopleseemtoageslowerthantheothers?A.Lawyers.B.Farmers.C.Clerks.D.Shopassistants.
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InaworldwithlimitedlandwaterandothernaturalresourcestheharmfromthetraditionalbusinessmodelisontherisE.Actuallythepastdecadehasseenmoreandmoreforestsdisappearingandglobebecomingincreasinglywarm.Peoplenowrealizethatthisunhealthysituationmustbechangedandthatwemustbeabletodevelopinsustainable可持续的ways.Thatmeansgrowthwithlowcarbonordevelopmentofsustainableproducts.Inotherwordsweshouldkeeptheearthhealthywhileusingitssupplyofnaturalresources.Todaysustainabledevelopmentisapopulartrendinmanycountries.Accordingtoarecentstudytheglobalmarketforlow-carbonenergywillbecomethreetimesbiggeroverthenextdecadE.Chinaforexamplehassetitsmindonleadingthatmarkethopingtoseizechancesinthenewroundoftheglobalenergyrevolution.Itisnowtryinghardtomakefulluseofwindandsolarenergyandisspendingahugeamountofmoneymakingelectriccarsandhigh-speedtrains.Inadditionwearealsoseeinggreatgrowthintheglobalmarketsforsustainableproductssuchaspalmoil棕榈油whichisproducedwithoutcuttingdownvaluablerainforest.Inrecentyearsthemarketsforsustainableproductshavegrownbymorethan50%.Governmentscanfullydevelopthepotentialofthesenewmarkets.Firsttheycansethightargetsforreducingcarbonemissions排放andtargetsforsavingandreusingenergy.Besidesstrongerarrangementofpublicresourceslikeforestscanalsohelptospeedupthedevelopment.FinallygovernmentscanavoidthehugeexpensesthataretakingusinthewrongdirectionandredirectingsomeofthoseexpensescanacceleratethechangefromtraditionalmodeltoasustainableonE.Themajorchallengeofthiscenturyistofindwaystomeettheneedsofagrowingpopulationwithinthelimitsofthissingleplanet.Thatisnosmalltaskbutitoffersabundantnewchancesforsustainableproductindustries.62.ThetraditionalbusinessmodelisharmfulbecauseofallthefollowingEXCEPTthat______.A.ItmakestheworldwarmerB.itconsumesnaturalresourcesC.itbringsseveredamagetoforestsD.itmakesgrowthhardtocontinue63.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tointroduceanewbusinessmodel.B.Toadvocatesustainabledevelopment.C.Topredictachangeoftheglobalmarket.D.Tocomparetwobusinessmodels.64.Tofullydevelopthelow-carbonmarketsgovernmentcan______.A.cutpublicexpensesB.forbidcarbonemissionsC.developpublicresourcesD.encourageenergypreservation65.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthatbusinesseshavemanychancesto______.A.developsustainableproductsB.explorenewnaturalresourcesC.makefulluseofnaturalresourcesD.dealwiththemajorchallenge
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Dogsandmillionaireshavealotincommon.Theyareabsoluteopportunistsespeciallywhenitcomestorewards.Theydefendtheirterritory地盘.Andingeneraltheydon’tlikecats.Perhapsthatexplainsanewsurveyshowingthatmillionairesarefarmoredog-friendlythantherestofAmericans.AccordingtoastudybySpectremGroup58%ofmillionairepetownershaveadog.Only37%ownacat.Only3%keepfish2%birdsand2%haveahorsE.Similarly39%ofU.S.householdsownadogcomparedto33%ofhouseholdsowningacatreleasedbytheHumaneSocietyJenniferConaatrustandestatesattorney信托和资产律师andpartnerwithGenserSubowGenser&ConainNewYorkdoesalotofworkonpettrusts.Shesaidofallthepettrustsshe’sworkedon90%arefordogsandonly10%areforcats.Shesaiddogsprovideonethingespeciallyimportantforthewealthy:unconditionallovE.Youdon’tgetthatfromacatshesaidDogsarelikechildrenforsomefamiliesexceptthattheydon’tmessupincollegeorrunoffwithmoney.Sometimesit’seasytoseewhydogsarethefavoritechilD.Millionairesshowtheirlovefortheirdogsinpartbytheirspending.Onequarterofmillionairepetownersspendmorethan$1000ayearontheirpetseveryyeartheSpectremstudysaidwhilemorethanhalfspendmorethan$500ayear.Manywouldsaythosenumbersareunderstatedgivenallthediamond-dogcollarsdogfoodsandboomingdogspasinevidencethesedaysnottomentionthemedicalbills.Thesurveyshowed34%ofpetownersspendmoneyondecoratingwhileonly6%spendonsweatersoutfitsandcostumes.Morethanhalfofmillionairepetownersspendmoneyonteethcleaningfortheirpets.Morethan16%meanwhilesaidtheywouldspendmoneyonreconstructivesurgeriesandanti-anxietyanti-depressionmedicationfortheirpets.72.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.MillionaireslikedogsmorethanotherAmericans.B.KeepingdogsaspetsisquitepopularamongAmericans.C.Petdogshelprelievetheirowners’anxietyanddepression.D.Millionairesspendmuchmoneyonteethcleaningfortheirpets.73.FromthesurveybySpectremGroupwecanlearn___________.A.aboutonethirdofAmericanhouseholdsownacatB.morethanhalfofmillionairepetownershaveadogC.millionairepetownersspend$1000ontheirpetsdailyD.34%ofpetownersspendmoneyondogclothing74.What’sthemainreasonwhymillionairesshowgreatlovefortheirdogs?A.Theycanaffordthehighexpensetoraisepetdogs.B.PetdogshavenevermadeamessofthingsarounD.C.Millionairesfeelmoresecureincompanyofdogs.D.Petdogsshowunconditionallovefortheirowners.75.WhatdoesJenniferConaprobablythinkofmillionairesowningpetdogs?A.Ridiculous.B.AcceptablE.C.NegativE.D.Indifferent.
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Europe’sdeadlyoutbreakofarareformofE.colibacteria大肠杆菌hasbroughtnewattentiontofoodsafetyissues.Oneoftheproblemswhenpeoplegetsickfromfoodisthatthesimplestquestionisoftendifficultorevenimpossibletoanswer.Justwhatdidthepeopleeatthatmadethemsick?Ofcourseonewaytoavoidthesemedicalmysteriesistokeepdangerousorganismsoutofthefoodsupply.Thisiseasiersaidthandonebutscientistskeeplookingfornewways.ScientistsintheUnitedStateshavedevelopedanexperimentalsystemthatusesahigh-techopticalscanner.Thesystemisdesignedtoidentifythepresenceofcontaminants致污物likesoiloranimalwasteonfreshproducE.ThesecanbesourcesofE.coli.E.colibacterianaturallyliveintheintestines肠ofhumansandmanyanimals.MostkindsofE.coliareharmlessbutsomecanmakepeoplesick.Thenewscannercanalsoshowdamageandimperfectionsthatmightmaketheproduceunappealingtoshoppers.ScientistsdesignedthesystemataDepartmentofAgricultureresearchcenterinBeltsvilleMarylanD.MoonKimoftheAgriculturalResearchServiceledtheteam.MOONKIM:WewererequestedwewereaskedtodevelopamethodtodetectcontaminationinproducE.SowestartedwiththeappleasthemodelsamplE.Thescannerusesahigh-speedcameraplacedovertheconveyerbeltthatmovestheproducealong.Astheapplesmovealongthebeltthescannercapturesimagesofeachpieceoffruit.MoonKimsaystheteamhopesthesystemwillbeavailablebeforelong.MOONKIM:Wearetargetingfordevelopmentincommercialplantsforthenextseveralyears.Thescannercandirectasortingmachinetoseparatethebadapplesfromthegoodones.Thesystemiscurrentlyabletoshowthesurfaceofonlyhalftheappleasitspeedsby.TheinventershopetoimprovetheprocesssoitcanshowthewholesurfacE.57.Whatisthemaintopicofthetext?A.BacteriA.B.A.high-techscanner.C.A.cameraD.Foodsafety.58.E.colibacteria______.A.brokeoutallovertheworldB.comesfromsoiloranimalwasteC.isextremelyharmfultohealthD.doesnotcauseillness59.Thehigh-techscanner______.A.canhelptosortoutdifferentfruitsB.maketheproduceappealtoshoppersC.canonlycaptureimagesofthewholeappleD.canidentifythepresenceofcontaminants60.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.ThescannerneedstobeimproveD.B.Thescannerwillbeavailableinthenextseveralyears.C.MoonKimisunwillingtodevelopthescanner.D.ThescannerisconnectedtoasortingmachinE.
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Researchershaveestablishedthatwhenpeoplearementallyengagedbiochemicalchangesoccurinthebrainthatallowittoactmoreeffectivelyincognitive认知的areassuchasattentionandmemory.ThisistrueregardlessofagE.Peoplewillbealert警觉的andreceptiveiftheyarefacedwithinformationthatgetsthemtothinkaboutthingstheyareinterestedin.AndsomeonewithahistoryofdoingmoreratherthanlesswillgointooldagemorecognitivelysoundthansomeonewhohasnothadanactiveminD.Manyexpertsaresoconvincedofthebenefitsofchallenginginthebrainthattheyareputtingthetheorytoworkintheirownlives.TheideaisnotnecessarilytolearntomemorizelargeamountsofinformationsaysJamesFozardassociatedirectoroftheNationalInstituteofAgeing.Mostofusdon’tneedthatkindofskill.Suchspecifictrainingisoflessinterestthanbeingabletomaintainmentalalertness.Fozardandotherssaytheychallengetheirbrainswithdifferentmentalskillsbothbecausetheyenjoythemandbecausetheyaresurethattheirrangeofactivitieswillhelpthewaytheirbrainswork.GeneCohenactingdirectorofthesameinstitutesuggeststhatpeopleintheiroldageshouldengageinmentalandphysicalactivitiesindividuallyaswellasingroups.Cohensaysthatwearefrequentlyadvisedtokeepphysicallyactiveasweagebutolderpeopleneedtokeepmentallyactiveaswell.ThosewhodoaremorelikelytomaintaintheirintellectualabilitiesandtobegenerallyhappierandbetteradjusteD.ThepointisyouneedtodobothCohensays.Intellectualactivityactuallyinfluencesbrain-cellhealthandsizE.50.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.SpecialmentaltrainingforoldpeoplE.B.Biochemicalchangesinthehumanbrain.C.Theinfluenceofintellectualactivitiesonbrain-cellsizE.D.Theimportanceofmentalactivitiesintheefficiencyofthebrain.51.A.personwhoissaidtobecognitivelyhealthyshould________.A.bealertandreceptiveinmindB.whoarehighlyintelligentC.begoodatdoinggroupworkD.rememberlargequantitiesofinformation52.ThefindingsofJamesandotherscientistsintheirwork_________.A.remainatheorytobefurtherprovedB.havebeenchallengedbymanyotherexpertsC.arepracticedbytheresearchersthemselvesD.havebeengenerallyaccepted53.AccordingtoFozard'sargumentpeoplecanmaketheirbrainsworkmoreefficientlyby_________.A.constantlydoingmemoryworkB.makingfrequentadjustmentsC.goingthroughspecifictrainingD.takingpartinvariousmentalactivities54.WhichofthefollowingstatementswouldCohenmostprobablysupport?A.Olderpeopleshouldkeepmentallyactivebychallengingtheirbrains.B.Nomatterwhetheritisdoneingrouporalonementalactivityisalwaysgoodforbrain-cellhealth.C.Physicalstrengthismoreimportanttoolderpeoplethanmentalhealth.D.Peoplewhoengageinmorementalactivitiesbutlessphysicalonesarealwayshappier.
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ForgetfamousgoalcelebrationsuchasTheRobotbyPeterCrouchandTheDivebyJuergenKlinsmannherecomestheSouthAfricanDiskidance.TheDiskidancewhichisperformedthroughheadingandkickinganimaginaryballmaybeagoalcelebrationtowatchinthefollowingmatches.SouthAfrica’sSiphiweTshabalalaandhisteammatesperformedthisdifferentdancewhentheycelebratedhisgoalagainstMexicointheopeningWorldCupgameonFriday.ThedanceisalreadypopularonYouTubeandmanysoccerfansmaywanttolearnthemoves.EvenSouthAfrica’sPresidentJacobZumahaslearnttheDiskidancewhichcouldbebetterthanCameroonRogerMilla’scornerflagdancecelebrationinthe1990FIFAWorldCup.USactorJohnTravoltaperformedthedanceshortlyafterlandinghisBoeing707atLanseriaairportnorthofJohannesburgonWednesdaymorning.Goalcelebrationsarenowpartofthebiggestsportingeventandplayersplantheminadvancejustincasetheyfindthebackofthenet.Infootballagoalcelebrationisthepracticeofcelebratingthescoringofagoal.Thecelebrationmaybeperformedbythegoal-scorerhisorherteammatesthemanagerorcoachesandthesupportersoftheteam.TheRobotgoalcelebrationwassopopularthatEnglandfansweresurprisedwhenCrouchanEnglishinternationalfootballersaidthathewouldn’tbedoingitanymoreunlessEnglandwontheWorldCup.ThewordDiskiisthewordusedbythelocalpeopleforsoccerandmayalsodescribethelocalstyleoffootballwhichfocusesondribbling带球andothertricks.63.BesidesDiskidancehowmanytypesofgoalcelebrationsarementionedinthepassage?A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.64.TheunderlinedpartfindthebackofthenetinParagraph4means.A.scoreagoalB.winthematchC.takearestD.takepartinamatch65.WhatdowelearnaboutthewordDiski?A.Ithasbecomethemostpopularsportswordintheworldnow.B.Itwasusedtoshowhowpeopleweregoodatdribbling.C.Itwasusedtodescribeafootballwhichwasimaginedbyfootballers.D.ItwasprobablymainlyusedinSouthAfricabeforetheSouthAfricaWorldCup.66.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Allthefootballersshouldhavetheirowngoalcelebrations.B.Goalcelebrationsplayanimportantroleinfootballgames.C.FamousgoalcelebrationsallappearedintheWorldCupgames.D.Footballersoftendon’tplantheirgoalcelebrationsaheadoftimE.
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Doyouknowwhydifferentanimalsorpestshavetheirspecialcolors?Theircolorsinthemseemtobeusedmainlytoprotectthemselves.Somebirdslikeeatinglocusts蝗虫butbirdscannoteasilycatchthem.Why?Itisbecauselocustschangetheircolorstogetherwiththechangeofthecolorsofcrops庄稼.Whencropsaregreenlocustslookgreen.ButastheharvesttimecomeslocustschangetothesamebrowncolorascropshavE.Someotherpestswithdifferentcolorsfromplantsareeasilyfoundandeatenbyothers.Sotheyhavetohidethemselvesforlivesandappearonlyatnight.Ifyoustudytheanimallifeyou’llfindthemainuseofcoloringistoprotecttheanimalsthemselves.Bearslionsandotheranimalsmovequietlythroughforests.Theycannotbeeasilyseenbyhunters.Thisisbecausetheyhavethecolorsmuchlikethetrees’.Haveyouevernoticedanevenstrangeract?A.kindoffishintheseacansendoutakindofveryblackliquid液体whenitfacesdanger.Whiletheliquidspreadsover散开itsenemiescannotfindit.Anditimmediatelyswimsaway.Soithasliveduptonowthoughitisnotstrongatall.61.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthatlocusts________.A.aresmallanimalsB.areeasilyfoundbybirdsC.aredangeroustotheirenemiesD.changetheircolorstoprotectthemselves62.Howcanpestswithdifferentcolorsfromplantskeepthemselvesoutofdanger?A.Theyrunawayquickly.B.Theyhavethecolorsmuchliketheirenemies’.C.Theyhidethemselvesbythedayandappearatnight.D.Theyhavetomovequietly.63.Bearsandlionscankeepsafebecause_________.A.theyhavethecolorsmuchlikethetreesB.theymovequietlyC.theylikebrownandgraycolorsD.theyliveinforests64.Whycanthekindoffishliveuptonow?A.Becauseitisverystrong.B.Becausetheliquiditsendsoutcanhelpitescapefromitsenemies.C.Becausetheliquiditsendsoutcankillitsenemies.D.Becauseitswimsfasterthananyotherfish.65.Whichisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.TheChangeofColorsforAnimalsandPestsB.ColorsofDifferentAnimalsandPestsC.TheMainUseofColorsforAnimalsandPestsD.SomeAnimalsandPests
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Itisdifficulttoimaginewhatlifewouldbelikewithoutmemory.Themeaningsofthousandsofwordsthebasesforthedecisionswemakeandtherootsofourhabitsandskillsaretobefoundinourpastexperienceswhicharebroughtintothepresentbymemory.MemorycanbeconsideredastheabilitytokeepinformationavailableforlaterusE.Itincludesnotonlyrememberingthingslikemathsorhistoricalfactsbutalsoinvolves包括anychangeinthewayananimalacts.MemoryisinvolvedwhenaratgivesupeatinggrainbecausehehassmeltsomethingdifferentinthegrainpilE.Memoryisalsoinvolvedwhenasix-year-oldchildlearnstoswingabaseballbat.Memoryexistsnotonlyinhumansandanimalsbutalsoinsomephysicalobjectsandmachines.ComputersforexamplecontainequipmentforstoringdataforlaterusE.Itisinterestingtocomparethememory-storageabilityofacomputerwiththatofahumanbeing.Theinstant-accessmemory快速记忆teenagerprobablyrecognizesthemeaningsofabout100000wordsofEnglish.Howeverthisisonlyapieceoftotalamountofinformationwhichtheteenagerhas.Forexampletheteenagercanrecognizealargenumberoffacesandplaces.Theuseofwordsisthebasisoftheadvancedproblem-solvingintelligenceofhumanbeings.Alargepartofaperson’smemoryisintermsofwordsandcombinations组合ofwords.66.Accordingtothepassagememoryisconsideredtobe.A.thebasisfordecisionmakingB.anabilitytostoreinformationforfutureuseC.anabilityownedonlybyhumanbeingsD.thedatamainlymadeupofwords67.FromParagraph3wecanknowthat.A.thecomputer’smemoryhasalittlebiggerabilitythanateenager’sB.thecomputer’smemoryabilityisthesameasateenager’sC.thecomputer’smemoryabilityismuchsmallereventhanateenager’sD.thecomputer’smemoryabilityisassmallasateenager’s68.Thewholepassageimplies暗示that.A.onlyhumanbeingcansolveproblemsB.aperson’smemoryisdifferentfromacomputer’sineverywayC.animalscanonlysolveverysimpleproblemsD.animalssolveproblemsbyintelligence69.Inpeople’smemory________playthemostimportantpartinsolvingproblems.A.languageB.skillsC.experiencesD.habits70.Themainideaofthispassageis.A.lifewillnotchangewithoutmemoryB.memoryisofgreatimportancetolifeC.howaperson’smemoryisdifferentfromacomputer’sD.whatiscontainedinmemory
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Onecauseofthecurrentfoodcrisisisdrought.FoodpricesarehighinpartbecauseofdryweatherinplacesasfardistantasSpainandAustralia.Aroundtheworldtheamountoflandaffectedbydroughthasdoubledinthepastthirtyyears.AndscientistsconcernedaboutclimatechangebelieveitwillcausemoredroughtinmanyareasinthefuturE.Alotofresearchisgoingintoeffortstodevelopdrought-resistantcrops.Oneprojectinvolvestobaccoplantsgeneticallyengineeredtokeeptheirleavesduringwatershortages.Theychosetobaccobecauseithasbigleaves.Alsoitgrowsfastandhasstructuralsimilaritieswithsomeotherplants.Theresearchersdidanexperimentwithtwogroupsoftobaccoplants.Theyworkedwithasetofnormalplantsandasetoftransgenicplants.Thesehadageneaddedtointerferewiththebiologicalcausesofleaflossduringdrought.Theresearchersputalltheplantsinagreenhousetogrowundernormalconditionsforfortydays.Thenforfifteendaysafterthattheplantsdidnotreceiveanywater.Thenormalplantslosttheirgreencolor.Finallytheylosttheirleaves.Buttheresearcherssaythetransgenicplantskepttheirleavesandtheircolor.Afterthefifteendrydaysalltheplantswerewateredagainforaweek.Thetransgenicplantsreturnedtonormalgrowthandtheirseedproductionwasclosetonormal.ButtheotherplantsalldieD.Inadditiontheresearchersfoundthattheplantscouldsurviveononlythirtypercentofthenormalamountofirrigationwater.YieldlosswasminortheysaiD.Thefindingsappearedlate2007intheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.TheUniversityofCaliforniahasappliedforpatentprotectionforthetechnology.TheresearchersexpecttomoveforwardwithfieldtestingofthetransgenictobaccoinlateAugust.Theyhopeforsimilarresultswithcropsliketomatoesricewheatandcotton.71.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph1that_______A.theamountoflandaffectedbydroughthasdoubledinthepastthirtyyearsintheworldB.droughtistheonlycausetoleadtothecurrentfoodcrisis.C.foodpriceswillbehigherinthefuturewiththedroughtareasextendingD.foodpriceshasnothingtodowiththeclimatechangeintheworld72.Oneprojectchoosestobaccoplantsbecause__________A.plantingtobaccocanbringingreatprofits.B.tobaccoplantshavelargeleavesandstructuralsimilaritieswithsomeotherplantsC.tobaccoplantsgrowsfastD.BothB.andC.73.Fromthebeginningtotheendtheexperimentwithtwogroupsoftobaccoplantslastsforatleast_______daysA.40B.55C.62D.7774.Theconclusiontheycandrawintheexperimentisthat________A.thetwogroupsoftobaccoplantsarethesamedrought-resistantcrops.B.thetransgenicplantscanreturntothenormaltobaccoplantsC.thetransgenicplantsneedmorewaterthanthenormalonesD.thetransgenicplantsneedlesswaterandthedecreaseofproductionissmall75.Thenextaimoftheexperimentis______A.toapplyforpatentprotectionforthetransgenictechnologyB.toincreasetheproductionofthetransgenicplantsC.tohopeforsimilarresultswithothercrops.D.tomoveforwardwithfieldtestingofthetransgenictobacco
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SnowfallsintheEarth’sextremeNorthandSouththroughouttheyear.Howevertheheaviestsnowfallshavebeenreportedinthemountainsofotherareasduringwinter.SnowisevenknowntofallneartheEquator赤道butonlyonthehighestmountains.Snowcontainsmuchlesswaterthanrainbutmuchofthewatertheworldusescomesfromsnow.Meltingsnowprovideswaterforriverselectricpowerstationsandagriculturalcrops.InthewesternUnitedStatesmountainsnowprovidesuptoseventy-fivepercentofallsurfacewatersupplies.Snowfallhelpstoprotectplantsandsomewildanimalsfromwinterweather.Freshsnowismadelargelyofairtrappedamongthesnowcrystals晶体.BecausetheairhastroublemovingthemovementofheatislimiteD.Snowalsoinfluencesthemovementofsoundwaves.Thesurfaceofthesnowtakesinorabsorbssoundwaves.Assnowgrowsolderoriftherehavebeenstrongwindsitcanbecomehardandflat.Thenthesnowssurfacewillhelptosendbacksoundwaves.Snowmaybebeautifulbutitcanbedeadly.ItisresponsibleforthedeathsofhundredsofpeoplE.Manypeopledieintrafficaccidentsonroadscoveredwithsnowandiceorfrombeingseriouslystuckinthewinterstorm.OthersdiefromheartattackscausedbytoomuchphysicalactivityoutinthecolD.Peoplemaynotbeabletoavoidlivinginareaswhereitsnowsoften.Howevertheycanavoidbecomingvictimsofsnowstorms.PeopleshouldstopdrivingandstayathomeuntilthestormhaspasseD.PeoplelivingintheseareasshouldcarryemergencysuppliesintheirvehiclE.Theseincludefoodemergencymedicalsuppliesandextraclothingtostaywarmanddry.72.Mountainsnowfall_____.A.isheavierthanthatintheSouthandtheNorthPolesB.hasneveroccurredneartheEquatoroftheearthC.bringslessofthewatertheworldusesthanraindoesD.providesuptoseventy—fivepercentofwatersuppliesworldwide73.Snowprotectsplantsandwildanimalsfromcoldweatherby_____.A.supplyingmuchmoreairB.limitingheatmovementC.absorbingstrongwindsD.sendingbacksoundwaves74.Snowcanbedeadlymainlybecauseitcan_____.A.causeroadaccidentsB.makepeoplestuckinwinterstormsC.leadtoheartattacksD.makepeoplevictimsofsnowstorms75.Whatwillthetextprobablytellusfollowingthelastparagraph?_.A.HowtodriveduringsnowstormsB.WherewecangetemergencysuppliesC.HowtopreventheartattacksoutincoldD.Whyweshouldstaywarmanddryinwinter
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ThereisnobelievableevidencefortheexistenceofBigfootortoputitanotherwaythere’sreallyquitealotofevidencebutunfortunatelyit’sverypoorquality.That’saproblemforBigfoot-believersbecauseifthecreaturereallydoesexistthenitmustexistinfairlybignumbers.Otherwiseitwouldlongagohavegoneextinct灭绝.NotasingledeadbodyhasbeenfoundsaidJoeNickell.Whilewecan’tproveBigfootdoesn’texist.It’sfairtopointoutthatwecan’tprovethatthefairydoesn’texist.Wecan’tprovethattherearenoleprechauns妖精.TheBigfootmythisfueledbyhumanhopesandfears.Inthatmanneritissimilartoothermyths.Wearehopefulthatwearenotaloneintheuniversesowebelieveinextraterrestrials外人JoeNickellsaiD.Wearefearfuloftheunknownsoweimaginemonsters妖怪.CraigWoolheateroftheTexasBigfootResearchCentreagreedthatthereareawholelotofquestionsandnotmanyanswers.Whatwe’retryingtodoisgetsomeanswersandgatherhardevidencE.Ithinkwe’redealingwithananimalthatisfairlyrareWoolheateraddeD.Soyou’retalkingaboutsomethingthatisprobablyahundredtimesmorerarethanablackbearandcertainlyalotmorerarethanamountainlionandthoseanimalsaren’tseenallthatoften.MeanwhiletheInstituteofTexanCulturesistakingademocratic民主的approach.ThefinalportionoftheexhibitiongivesvisitorsachancetovoteonwhetherornottheybelievetheevidenceisbelievablE.Onthefirstdayyesoutweighedno178to53.64.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.TodiscusswhetherBigfootexists.B.TotellreaderswhereBigfootlives.C.Togivereadersadefiniteanswer.D.Toimprovereaders’interestaboutBigfoot.65.AccordingtoJoeNickell________.A.Bigfoot’sdeadbodiesarefamiliarwithpeopleB.Bigfootistheresultofpeople’shopesandfearsC.leprechaunsdon’texistD.peoplearepolitetoBigfoot66.AccordingtothepassageWoolheater________.A.thinkstherearenoquestionsaboutBigfootB.getshisanswersfromexhibitionsC.believesthevotingisademocraticwayD.seemstothinkBigfootexists67.Fromthelastparagraphwelearnthat________.A.theInstituteofTexanCulturesthinksBigfootexistsB.mostpeopletrusttheInstituteofTexanCulturesC.mostpeoplethinkBigfootexistsaccordingtothevoteD.theInstituteofTexanCulturesisademocraticorganization
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Manypeoplehavebeentalkingaboutthewayinwhichtheworldwillcometoanendin2012.EverybodywantstofindoutifDecember212012isthelastdayoftheearth.TherumorhasalreadybeenspreadingforaverylongtimE.TheMayan’spredictionscanaccountfortherumor.Accordingtotherumortheearthwillexperiencedramaticchangesin2012andthechangeswillbedisastroustoallofthelivingcreaturesonearth.ItiswidelyassumedthataPlanetXwillreturntoorbitthesolarsystem.ThereturnofPlanetofPlanetXwillhaveadestructiveeffectonthesolarsystemaswellasonsomeplanetsincludingtheNeptune海王星theJupiter木星andtheearth.PlanetXwillcrossintotheirorbits.There’sapossibilitythatJupiterwillchangeintoalittlesunatthistimesofolkswillbewellplacedtoseetwosunsintheskyin2012.Thesolarflares耀斑thatoccurinal1-yearcyclewillreachtheirhighestpointin2012.Thepowerfulsolarflareswillaffectthemagneticfieldoftheearthandcausedisasters.OnDecember212012thesunandtheearthwilllineupinthesamelineattheequator赤道Thewintersolstice冬至onlyoccursonceevery25800years.Theeventsintheuniversearesignalsthattheworldwillcometoanend.Asaresultofthesolarflareslotsofdisasterswillhappenthatwilldestroythefaceofthewholeearth.ScientistsaremakingtheguessprimarilybasedontheMayanLongCourtCalendar.ManyfilmshavebeenmadeabouttheendoftheworldincludingEndGamebyAlexJonesandEndClockNostradamus2012.Theformerprovidesinsightsaboutthewaytheworldwillbecomeonestate.Aftertheworldgovernmentisinplaceit'sgoingtobeeasytoexterminate80%ofthepeopleintheworld.Therestwillcontinuetolivewithassistancefromadvancedtechnology.NooneknowswhethertheworldwillendonDecember212012Thereisnoclearansweruntilthedayarrives.JustastheMayansclaimsitwillnotbethetimefortheworldtoend.Instead.itwillbethedawnofafleshstart.66.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Informationaboutend-of-the-worldpredictions.B.Differentopinionsaboutend-of-the-worldpredictions.C.Somedoubtsaboutend-of-the-worldpredictions.D.Destructiveeffectsoftheendoftheworld.67.WhichofthefollowingthingswillNOThappeniftheendoftheworldreallyhappens?A.Humanswillseetwosunsatthesametime.B.Theearthwilllookcompletelydifferent.C.Theearthandthemoonwilllineupinthesameline.D.Thesolarflareswillbecomestrongerthanbefore.68.TheunderlinedwordexterminateinParagraph3probablymeans.A.saveB.killC.helpD.rule69.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.InthefilmEndClockNostradamus2012.theworldwillberuledbyonegovernment.B.Accordingtothetexttherumorof2012wasfromtheMayan’spredictions.C.Peoplein2012mayseetwosunsofwhichoneisNeptuneofnowadays.D.In2012.PlanetXwillbreakintheorbitofsolarsystemforthefirsttime.70.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetotherumorthattheworldwillend?A.Optimistic.B.Sad.C.Unconcerned.D.Scared.
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Scientificexperimentscansometimesgowrongandwhentheydotheresultsmayrangefromthedisastroustothetroubling.OnesuchexperimenttookplaceinSouthAmericaaboutfiftyyearsago.Whetheritsfinalconsequenceswillcauseseriousdamageornothingmorethanasmalltroublestillremainstobeseen.Thestorybeganin1956whenanAmericanscientistworkinginBrazildecidedtosolvetheproblemofincreasingtheproductivityofthatcountry’sbees.HeimportedaveryactivetypeofAfricanbeefromTanzaniaandmated交配itwiththemoreeasygoingnativevarietytoproduceanewkindofbees.Thenewbeesworkedharderandproducedtwiceasmuchhoney.ItseemedthatProfessorKerrforthatwasthescientist’snamehadatotalsuccessonhishands.Thenthingsbegantogowrong.Forsomereasonasyetunseenbutperhapsasaresultofsomethingintheirenvironmentthenewbeesbegantodevelopextremelyattackingpersonalities.Theybecamebad-temperedandeasytobeangryattackedthenativebeesanddrovethemfromtheirlivingplaces.Butworsewastofollow.Havingtakenoverthecountrysidethenewbees.Withtheirdangerousstings叮begantoattackitsneighbors—catsdogshorseschickensandfinallymanhimself.A.longperiodofterrorbeganthathassofarkilledagreatnumberofanimalsandabout150humanbeings.ThiswouldhavebeenenoughifthebeeshadstayedinBrazil.ButnowtheyareonthemoveheadingnorthwardsincountlessmillionstowardsCentralandNotthAmericaandmovingatthealarmingspeedof200milesayear.Thecountriesthatlieintheirpatharenaturallyworriedbecauseitlooksasifnothingcanbedonetostopthem.56.TheresultsoftheSouthAmericanexperiment____________A.havecausedaserioustroubleB.haveprovedtobewrongC.arenotyetcertainD.arenotimportant57.Theexperimentmentionedinthispassagewasdesignedto_________A.increasetheamountofhoneyinBrazilB.makeBrazilianbeesmoreeasy-goingC.increasethenumberofbeesinBrazilD.makeAfricanbeeslessactive58.Whichofthefollowingmaybethecauseofthenewbees’attackingpersonalities?A.TheirproductionofhoneyB.TheirhardworkC.TheirlivingenvironmentD.Theirbadtemper59.Thelastparagraphimpliesthat_____A.thebeeshavebeendriventoCentralandNorthAmericaB.thebeesmaybringabouttroubleinmorecountriesC.thebeesmustbestoppedfrommovingnorthD.thebeesprefertoliveinBrazil.
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Noonecanchangetheweather.Nobodycancontroltheweather.ButifwereadcorrectlythesignsarounduswecantellwhatthemoreimportantchangesintheweatherwillbE.Thiswayoftellingwhattheweatherwillbelikeonthefollowingdayortwoiscalledweatherforecasting天气预报.Formanycenturiesandinallcountriespeoplehavestudiedtheweatherandtriedtomakeweatherforecasting.Ringsaroundthesunareasignofcomingrain.Thatmanypeoplefeeltheirjoints关节hurtisasignofwetweather.Somebirdsflyhighiffineweatheriscomingbuttheyflynearthegroundifrainyorstormyweatherisontheway.IfyouseearainbowduringrainyweatherthisisasignthattheweatherwillbecomeclearandfinE.Suchrainbowscomeintheevening.IfthestarstwinkleclearlyatnightthenfineweatherwillcontinuE.Ifafogappearsinthemorningjustaboveariverthenthedaywillbewarm.IfthesunsetismostlyredincolourthenthefollowingdaywillbefinE.IfarainbowappearsinthemorningrainyweatherwillprobablycomE.Mostoftheabovesayingshavebeenmadebythepeoplewhohaveusedtheireyesandbrainstomakeweatherforecasting.61.Whichistrueaboutweatherforecasting?A.WeatherforecastingisawayoftellingwhattheweatherwillbelikE.B.Weatherforecastingisareportabouttheweather.C.Weatherforecastingisasignofcomingrain.D.Peoplecanchangetheweatherforecasting.62.Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedheretoreplace取代theunderlinedphraseontheway?A.away.B.gonE.C.coming.D.disappearing.63.Whenyouseethestarstwinkleclearlyatnighttheweatherwillbe_______.A.clearandfineB.warmC.rainyD.cold64.Whichofthefollowingsignscantelltheweatherwillprobablyberainy?A.Somebirdsflyhigh.B.A.rainbowappearsinthemorning.C.Thesunsetismostlyredincolour.D.Fogsappearinthemorningjustaboveariver.65.Wemust__________tomakeweatherforecasting.A.useoureyesandbrainsB.studytheweatherhardC.readcorrectlythesignsD.Alloftheabove
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Sincethebeginningoftimemanhasbeeninterestedinthemoon.TheRomansdesignedaspecialdaytoshowadmirationandrespecttothemoon.TheycalleditMondayorMondayasweknowittoday.LaterthegreatmindofLeonardodaVincistudiedthemoonanddesignedamachinetocarryahumantothemoon.Leonardosaidthatonedayagreatmachinebirdwouldtakeapersontothemoonandbringgreathonourtothehomewhereitwasborn.FourandahalfcenturieslaterLeonardo’sideawasrealized.ApolloⅡtookthreeAmericansCollinsAldrinandArmstrongtothemoon.Themission任务didfillthewholeworldwithgreatsurpriseasLeonardohadsaiditwould.Numerousmanyessaysarticlesandbookswerewrittenaboutman’sfirstmoonmission.Butperhapsthemostinterestingstorywasonewrittenbeforetheeventover100yearsbefore.In1865FrenchauthorJulesVernewroteastoryaboutthefirstjourneytothemoon.Hisstorywasverysimilartothe1969ApolloⅡmission.Verne’sspacecraftalsocontainedthreemen—twoAmericansandaFrenchman.ThespacecraftwasdescribedasbeingalmostthesamesizeasApolloⅡ.Thelaunch发射siteinVerne’sstorywasalsoinFlorida.ThespacecraftinVerne’sstorywasnamedtheColumbiad.TheApolloⅡcommandshipwascalledColumbia.HisaccountdescriptionofsendingthespacecraftintothespacecouldeasilyhavebeenwrittenabouthowApolloⅡwassentintothespace.Verne’sstorywasthesameastheactualeventinseveralotherrespects方面.ThespeedofVerne’sspacecraftwas36000feetpersecond;Apollo’swas35533feetpersecond.Verne’sspacecrafttook97hourstoreachthemoon;Apollo’stimewas103hours.LikeApollo’sspacemenVerne’sspacementookpicturesofthemoon’ssurfacerelaxedontheirseatscookedwithgasandexperiencedweightlessness.TheytwocamedowninthePacificandwerepickedupbyanAmericanwarship.WhatwerethereasonsforJulesVerne’sextremeaccuracy精确indescribinganevent100yearsormorebeforeitactuallyoccurred?Hebasedhiswritingsonthelawsofphysicsandastronomy.Nineteenth-centuryscienceandthevividclearVerne’simaginationgavepeopleanunbelievablyaccurateexactpredictionofoneofthegreatesteventsofthe20thcentury.72.JulesVernewrotehisstoryofaman’svisittothemoonabout_________.A.100yearsbeforetheApolloⅡmissionB.10yearsbeforetheApolloⅡmissionC.fourandonehalfcenturiesagoD.100yearsago73.Verne’sstoryaboutthefirstjourneytothemoonisverysimilarto_________.A.thesecondUSspacemissionB.theApolloⅡmissionC.LeonardodaVinci’sstoryD.numerousotherbooksonthesamesubject74.ThepassagesuggeststhatJulesVerne_________.A.developedthelawsofphysicsB.basedhiswritingsontheworksofLeonardodaVinciC.wasveryluckyinwhathehaddescribedaboutthefutureD.knewagreatdealaboutthelawsofphysicsandastronomy75.Thepassagemainlydescribes_________.A.therapidprogressofmankindB.Verne’saccuratepredictionofthefutureC.the1969ApolloⅡmoonmissionD.the19thcenturyscienceandtechnology
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Couldaneaglecarryoffahumanbaby?EversincethestoryofSinbadtheSailorwe’veheardtalesofhumaninfants幼儿carriedoffbybigbirds.SinbadsothestorygoeswascarriedoffbyaRoC.TheRoc---ahugebird---tookSinbadinhisbeak喙andflewhimofftohisnestinthemountains.SinbadandtheRocwereonlyimaginary.Butwhatabouteagles?Cananeagleliftababy?Twoscientistswantedtofindout.TheyclimbedupintothehighmountainsandcaughtagoldeneaglE.Theytiedaneight---poundweighttoitsneck.Eightpoundstheyfeltwasabouttherightweightforaveryyoungbaby.ThentheylettheeagleloosE.Theeaglecouldn’tgetofftheground!40.ThestoryofSinbadtheSailortoldusthat__________.A.SinbadwasaveryyoungbabyB.thebigbirdenjoyedlivinginthemountainsC.SinbadwasonceliftedbyaverybigbirdD.bigbirdsdidharmtohumanbeings41.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Storieshavebeentoldofhumanbeingscarriedoffbybirdsbutwedon’tknowifthesestoriesaretruE.B.TheRocwasarealbirdthatlivedlongago.C.ScientistsaresearchingfortheRocinthemountains.D.TheRocwasmuchbiggerthanthegoldeneaglE.42.Thispassageismainlyabout_______A.eagleB.theliftingpowerofeagleC.twoscientistsD.SinbadtheSailor
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SportsshoesthatworkoutwhethertheirownerhasdoneenoughexercisetowarranttimeinfrontofthetelevisionhavebeendevisedintheUK.Theshoes-namedSquareEyes-containanelectronicpressuresensorandatinycomputerchiptorecordhowmanystepsthewearerhastakeninaday.A.wirelesstransmitterpassestheinformationtoareceiverconnectedtoatelevisionandthisdecideshowmucheveningviewingtimethewearerdeservesbasedontheday’sefforts.ThedesignwasinspiredbyadesiretofightagainsttherapidlyballooningwaistlinesamongBritishteenagerssaysGillianSwanwhodevelopedSquareEyesasafinalyeardesignprojectatBrunelUniversityinLondonUK.Welookedatcurrentissuesandchildhoodoverweightreallystoodoutshesays.AndIwantedtotacklethatwithmydesign.Onceachildhasuseduptheirdailyallowancegainedthroughexercisethetelevisionautomaticallyswitchesoff.AndfurthertimeinfrontoftheTVcanonlybeearnedthroughmoresteps.Swancalculatedhowexerciseshouldtranslatetotelevisiontimeusingtherecommendeddailyamountsofboth.Healthexpertssuggestthatachildtake12000stepseachdayandwatchnomorethantwohoursoftelevision.Soevery100stepsrecordedbytheSquareEyesshoesequalspreciselyoneminuteofTVtimE.Existingpedometers计步器normallyclipontoabeltorslipintoapocketandkeepcountofstepsbymeasuringsuddenmovement.Swansaysthesecanbeeasilytrickedintorecordingstepsthroughshaking.Buthershoehasbeenbuilttobeharderforlazyteenagerstocheat.Itispossiblebutitwouldbealotofeffortshesays.Thatwasoneofmymaindesignconsiderations.38.WhichofthefollowingistrueofSquareEyesshoes?A.Theyregulateachild’seveningTVviewingtimE.B.Theydetermineachild’sdailypocketmoney.C.Theyhaveraisedthehotissueofoverweight.D.Theycontaininformationofthereceiver.39.Whatisstressedbyhealthexpertsintheirsuggestion?A.Theexactnumberofstepstobetaken.B.TheprecisenumberofhoursspentonTV.C.TheproperamountofdailyexerciseandTVtimE.D.ThewayofchangingstepsintoTVwatchingtimE.40.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SmartShoesDecideonTelevisionTimeB.SmartShoesGuaranteeMoreExerciseC.SmartShoesMeasureTimeofExerciseD.SmartShoesStopChildhoodOverweight
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Imagineputtingaseedinafreezerwaiting30000yearsandthentakingtheseedoutandplantingit.Doyouthinkaflowerwouldgrow?Amazinglyscientistshavejustmanagedtodosomethingverysimilar.TheyfoundthefruitofanancientplantthathadbeenfrozenundergroundinSiberia—aregioncoveringcentralandeasternRussia—forabout31800years.UsingpiecesofthefruitthescientistsgrewplantsinalaB.Thenewbloomshavedelicatewhitepetals.TheyarealsotheoldestfloweringplantsthatresearchershaveeverrevivedfromadeepfreezE.ThisislikeregeneratingadinosaurfromtissuesofanancienteggsaidUniversityofCaliforniaLosAngelesbiologistJaneShen-Miller.Theplanthasalonghistory.BackwhenmammothsandwoollyrhinoceroseswalkedthelandanArcticgroundsquirrelburiedseedsandfruitsinanundergroundchamberneartheKolymaRiverinnortheasternSiberiA.ThegroundbecamepermafrostalayerofsoilthatstaysfrozenforalongtimE.RecentlyRussianscientistsdugouttheoldsquirrelholeandfoundtheplantremains38metersbelowthesurfacE.Backatthelabtheteamfednutrientstotissuefromthreeofthefruitstogrowshoots.Thenthescientiststransferredtheshootstopotsfilledwithsoil.Theplantsproducedseedsthatcouldbeusedtogrowevenmoreofthem.It’simportantforscientiststoknowthatplanttissuescanstillberevivedafterbeingfrozenforalongtimE.That’sbecausemanyresearchersaretryingtopreservetheseedsofmodernplantsbyfreezingthemandthenstoringthemingiantlockersatvariousspotsaroundtheglobE.OnesuchendeavoranundergroundfacilityinNorwayiscalledtheSvalbardGlobalSeedVault.Itstoreshundredsofthousandsoffrozenseeds.IfaplantevergoesextinctscientistscouldbringitbackbytakingitsseedsfromtheSvalbardorotherstoragelockers.Nooneknowshowlongtheyareabletoliveforbutfreezingisbasicallytheformatformanyplantconservationattemptsnowadays.Shen-MillersaiD.It’sagoodthingthatatleastsomeplantsaretoughenoughtosurvivetheexperiencE.64.Howdidthefruitoriginallygetunderground?A.Itwasplacedtherebyananimal.B.Itwastrappedthereduringtheice-agE.C.Itwasplantedtherebyancientfarmers.D.ItwasburiedthereaftertheearthquakE.65.Whyarescientistsinterestedinthisdiscovery?A.Ithelpsthemlearnhowplantlifehaschangedinthepast30000years.B.Itcanhelpguidefutureeffortstoprotectendangeredplant-lifE.C.Itcanprovidedirectionsforwheretolookforotherancientplants.D.Itprovesthatallplantlifecansurviveforthousandsofyearswhenfrozen.66.Theunderlinedwordtheyinthefinalparagraphrefersto_______.A.plantsB.seedsC.scientistsD.storagelockers67.Thepurposeofthepassageisto_______.A.discussaplantconservationeffortB.introducesomeancientplantsC.outlinesomecausesofglobalwarmingD.describeascientificresearchproject
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DailyTelegraph-Anenormousnumberofsardines沙丁鱼havebeenphotographedastheyswamintheformationofadolphin海豚.SteveDeNeefphotographedthefishnearCebuinthePhilippinesgroupingtogethertoprotectthemselvesfromlargeranimals.Hesaid:Gettingthepictureofthedolphinshapewasjustaboutbeingintherightspotattherighttimebutitwouldbetotheirbenefitiftheycouldimitate模仿alargeranimal.DailyMail-Blackgarlic-asweetvarietyofthepopularcookingingredientthatdoesn'tleaveyouwithbadbreath-isgettingreadytohittheUKsupermarketshelves.Blackgarlictastesmuchsweeterthantraditionalgarlicandenjoystwicetheamountofanti-oxidants抗氧化剂andcanlasttwiceaslongontheshelf.BBC-ResearchersintheUnitedStateshavedevelopedthefirstwirelesslycontrolleddevice装置thatcansupplyadrugdirectlyintothebody.Asmallchipisimplantedundertheskin.Itcontainsthemedicinewhichitreleasesatprogrammedtimes.Thedeveloperssaythedevicecouldimprovethelivesofmillionsofpeoplewhotakemedicineforlong-termillnessesandmayonedayfreepatientsfromhavingtoremembertotaketheirmedicineorgivethemselvesinjections.VOA-Globalwarmingcouldmakehumansshorterwarnscientistswhoclaimtohavefoundevidencethatitcausedtheworld'sfirsthorsestoshrinknearly50millionyearsago.Astemperatureswentuptheirsizewentdownandviceversa反之亦然;atonepointtheywereassmallasahousecat.Thescientistssaythatthecurrentwarmingcouldhavethesameeffectonmammalsandevenhumans.59.WhatinformationcanweobtainfromSteveDeNeef'swords?A.Thesardinesswimtogethertoprotectthemselvesfromdolphins.B.Thesardineswillbeinsafetywhenmeetingalargeranimal.C.Hetookthisrarepictureofsardinesprobablybyaccident.D.It'seasytogetthepictureofthedolphinshape.60.Incomparisonwithtraditionalgarlicblackgarlic_____.A.willleaveyoumuchstrongerbreathB.ismorepopularintheUKsupermarketC.canbekeptfreshforamuchlongertimeD.containsthesameamountofanti-oxidants61.Whowillprobablyfindthewirelesslycontrolleddevicemostuseful?A.Janetwhoissufferingabadcold.B.Sophiawhohadhadanoperation.C.Winfredwhohasbeenillforlong.D.Lynettewhohasapoormemory.62.TheunderlinedwordshrinkinParagraph4probablymeans_____.A.becomesmallerB.becomeweakerC.growbiggerD.growstronger
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Throughouttheworldboysandgirlsprefertoplaywithdifferenttypesoftoys.Boystypicallyliketoplaywithcarsandtruckswhilegirlstypicallychoosetoplaywithdolls.Whyisthis?A.traditionalsociologicalexplanationisthatboysandgirlsaresocializedandencouragedtoplaywithdifferenttypesoftoysbytheirparentspeersandthesociety.Growingscientificevidencesuggestshoweverthatboys’andgirls’toypreferencesmayhaveabiologicalorigin.In2002GerianneM.AlexanderofTexasA&MUniversityandMelissaHinesofCityUniversityinLondonsurprisedthescientificworldbyshowingthatmonkeysshowedthesamesextypicaltoypreferencesashumans.InthestudyAlexanderandHinesgavetwomasculinetoysaballandapolicecartwofemininetoysasoftdollandacookingpotandtwoneutraltoysapicturebookandastuffeddogto44maleand44femalemonkeys.Theythenassessedthemonkeys’preferenceforeachtoybymeasuringhowmuchtimetheyspentwitheach.Theirdatashowedthatmalemonkeysshowedsignificantlygreaterinterestinthemasculinetoysandthefemalemonkeysshowedsignificantlygreaterinterestinthefemininetoys.Thetwosexesdidnotdifferintheirpreferencefortheneutraltoys.Ifchildren’stoypreferenceswerelargelyformedbygendersocializationastraditionalsociologists’claiminwhichtheirparentsgivegenderappropriatetoystoboysandgirlshowcanthesemaleandfemalemonkeyshavethesamepreferencesasboysandgirlsTheywereneversocializedbyhumansandtheyhadneverseenthesetoysbeforeintheirlives.61.Traditionalsociologistsbelieveboys’andgirls’toypreferences________.A.arepasseddownfromtheirparentsB.arelargelyformedinlaterlifeC.havenothingtodowithgendersocializationD.haveabiologicalorigin62.ThestudybyAlexanderandHinesshowsthatmonkeys________.A.alsohaveasextypicaltoypreferenceB.alsoplaytoysashumansdoC.havenotoypreferencesD.liketoplaydifferenttoysatdifferenttime63.AlexanderandHinescarriedoutthestudyto________.A.findmoreevidencefortraditionalsociologyB.testtheintelligenceofmonkeysC.testwhethermonkeysliketoplaytoysD.findoutwhyboysandgirlspreferdifferenttoys64.Accordingtothestudyifgivenastuffeddog________.A.onlythemalemonkeysshowedinterestB.thefemalemonkeysshowedmoreinterestC.themaleandfemalemonkeysshowedthesameinterestD.neitherthemalenorthefemalemonkeysshowedanyinterest65.Masculinetoysaremainlyintendedfor________.A.boysB.adultC.monkeysD.girls
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Welcometoyourfuturelife!Yougetupinthemorningandlookintothemirror.Yourfaceisfirmandyoung-looking.In2035medicaltechnologyisbetterthanever.Manypeopleyouragecouldlivetobe150soat40you’renotoldatall.Andyourparentsjusthadananti-aging抗衰老的treatment.Nowallthreeofyoulookthesameage!YousaytoyourshirtTurnreD.ItchangesfrombluetoreD.In2035smartclothescontainparticles粒子muchsmallerthanthecellsinyourbody.Theparticlescanbeprogrammedtochangeclothes’colororpattern.Youwalkintothekitchen.YoupickupthemilkbutavoicesaysYoushouldn’tdrinkthat!Yourfridgehasreadthechip芯片thatcontainsinformationaboutthemilkanditknowsthemilkisold.In2035everyarticleoffoodinthegrocerystorehassuchachip.It’stimetogotowork.In2035carsdrivethemselves.Justtellyoursmartcarwheretogo.OnthewayyoucancallafriendusingyourjacketsleevE.Suchsmarttechnologyisallaroundyou.Sowillallthesethingscometrue?FornewtechnologytosucceedsaysscientistAndrewZolliithastobesomuchbetterthatitreplaceswhatwehavealready.TheInternetisoneexample—whatwillbethenext?63.Wecanlearnfromthetextthatinthefuture__________.A.clotheswillbeabletochangetheirpatternB.everyonewilllookthesameC.redwillbethemostpopularcolorD.peoplewillnevergetold64.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4?A.Milkwillbeharmfultohealth.B.MoredrinkswillbeavailableforsalE.C.Milkinthegrocerystorewillstayfreshmuchlonger.D.Foodinthegrocerystorewillcarryelectronicinformation.65.Whichofthefollowingismentionedinthetext?A.NothingcanreplacetheInternet.B.FridgeswillknowwhatpeopleneeD.C.Carswillbeabletodriveautomatically.D.JackedsleevescanbeusedasaguidE.66.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.FuturetechnologyineverydaylifE.B.Foodandclothingin2035.C.MedicaltreatmentsofthefuturE.D.Thereasonforthesuccessofnewtechnology.
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SpaceisadangerousplacE.notonlybecauseofmeteors流星butalsobecauseofraysfromthesunandotherstars.TheAtmosphereagainactsasourprotectiveblanketonearth.Lightgetsthroughandthisisessentialforplantstomakethefoodwhichweeat.HeattoomakesourenvironmentendurablE.Variouskindsofrayscomethroughtheairfromouterspacebutenormousquantitiesofradiationfromthesunarescreenedoff.AssoonasmenleavetheatmospheretheyareexposedtothisradiationbuttheirspacesuitsorthewallsoftheirspacecraftiftheyareinsidedopreventalotofradiationdamagE.RadiationisthegreatestknowndangertoexplorersinspacE.Theunitofradiationiscalledrem.Scientistshavereasontothinkthatamancanputupwithfarmoreradiationthan0.1remwithoutbeingdamaged;thefigureof60remshasbeenagreedon.Thetroubleisthatitisextremelydifficulttobesureaboutradiationdamage-apersonmayfeelperfectlywellbutthecellsofhisorhersexorgansmaybedamagedandthiswillnotbediscovereduntilthebirthofdeformed畸形的childrenorevengrandchildren.MissionsoftheApolloflightshavehadtocrossbeltsofhighradiationandduringtheoutwardandreturnjourneystheApollocrewaccumulatedalargeamountofrems.SofarnodangerousamountsofradiationhavebeenreportedbuttheApollomissionshavebeenquiteshort.Wesimplydonotknowyethowmenaregoingtogetonwhentheyspendweeksandmonthsoutsidetheprotectionoftheatmosphereworkinginaspacelaboratory.Drugsmighthelptodecreasethedamagedonebyradiationbutnoreallyeffectiveoneshavebeenfoundsofar.1.Accordingtothefirstparagraphtheatmosphereisessentialtomaninthat______.A.itprotectshimagainsttheharmfulraysfromspaceB.itprovidessufficientlightforplantgrowthC.itsuppliestheheatnecessaryforhumansurvivalD.itscreensoffthefallingmeteors2.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________.A.theApollomissionwasverysuccessfulB.protectionfromspaceradiationisnoeasyjobC.astronautswillhavedeformedchildrenorgrandchildrenD.radiationisnotathreattowell-protectedspaceexplorers3.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe________.A.TheAtmosphereandOurEnvironmentB.ResearchonRadiation.C.EffectsofSpaceRadiationD.ImportanceofProtectionAgainstRadiation
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Foranowl猫头鹰withone-metrewingspantheskyshouldbethelimit.ButTroyprefershisbird’seyeviewtobenohigherthan5feet10inches.Theone-year-oldowlhasaninconvenientsymptom:he’safraidofheights.AfteranunfortunatestartinlifewhenhefellfromhisnestbyaccidentTroywasraisedbyGarethTonenahandler饲养员whojusthappenstobe5feet10inchestall.AsaresultTroyhasgrownupwithoutanygreatambitionsofhisown.Whenitcomestotreeshecan’tseewhatisaboutandwouldprefertoflyalongatMr.Tonen’ssidE.Onlywhenthe25-year-oldhandlerclimbsupatreecanTroybetemptedtoleavehiscomfortzoneandjoinhim.AshleySmithsaidTroy’sfearofheightswasaresultofforgettinghowtobeabirD.He’sbeenincaptivity被圈养foraslongashecanrememberandhasneverbeenhigherthanhishandlercanlifthim.Heseeshimselfasmoreofahumanthananowlandhedoesn’tknowhowtositintreesorhunt.GarethhastoalmostactlikeanowltogetTroytobehavelikeonE.AsaresultadailytreeclimbhasbecomepartofTroy’s–andMr.Tonen’s–routinE.LaddershavebeenfixedsoMr.TonencanclimbintothetreesandcallforTroywhowillflyupandjoinhishandlerbutgonohigher.MostofthetimehefliesdownagainbutoccasionallyMr.Tonenhastocarryhimbacktogroundlevel.Theafternoonendswithamealofmouserabbitorhisfavoritechicken.Mr.TonensaidHenowlooksuponmeashismumordaD.He’sgainingmoreconfidenceandifIhavetocarryonclimbinguptreeswithhimthenwe’lldowhatittakesforhimtobeahighflyer.63.TroywasbroughtupbyGarethTonenbecausehe______.A.couldn’tflyhighB.gotbadlyhurtC.lefthisparentsaccidentallyD.isafraidofheight64.Whatcanyoulearnfromthesecondparagraph?A.Troydoesn’tshowanyinterestinflyinghighupinthesky.B.GarethTonenhasspoiled宠坏Troybyofferinghimeverything.C.GarethTonenispleasedtoseeTroyflyalongathissidE.D.TroywouldlikehisownerGarethTonentoclimbuptrees.65.AccordingtoAshleySmithTroydoesn’tknowheisabirdbecause______.A.hehasdevelopedthesymptomoffearingheights.B.hehasbeenraisedsincehewasverysmall.C.hecan’tlearnhowtoflyhigherthanhisowner.D.hedoesn’twanttoflyamongtreeshuntingforfooD.66.WhydoesGarethTonenhavetoclimbuptreeseveryday?A.TosetanexampleofflyinghightoTroy.B.ToseehowhighTroycanreallyfly.C.ToteachTroyhowtogetmealsinhightrees.D.TogetTroybackdowntocurehisfearofheights.
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Whatifthosenewjeansyou’vejustboughtstarttweeting吱吱地叫aboutyourlocationasyoucrossLondonBridge?Itsoundsfar-fetchedbutit’spossible—ifoneofyourcoatsisequippedwithatinyradio-frequencyidentificationdeviceRFIDyourlocationcouldberevealedwithoutyouknowingaboutit.RFIDsarechipsthatuseradiowavestosenddatatoareader—whichinturncanbeconnectedtotheweB.Thistechnologyisjustoneofthecurrentwaysofallowingphysicalobjectstogoonline—aconceptcalledtheInternetofthingswhichindustryinsidershaveshortenedtoIoT.ThisiswhennotonlyyourPCtabletandsmartphonecanconnecttothewebbutalsoyourcaryourhomeyourbaseballcapandeventhesheepandcowsonafarm.SmartbuildingsandintelligentcarswithassignedIPaddressesarealreadymakingcitiessmarter—andsoonenoughtheentireplanetmayfollow.AtypicalcityofthefutureinafullIoTsituationcouldbeaplacewithsmartcameraseverywhereneurosensors神经监测系统scanningyourbrainforover-activityineverystreetsaysRobvanKranenburgamemberoftheEuropeanCommission’sIoTexpertgroup.ThisvisionmightstillbeyearsoffbutonebyonesmartercitiesarebeginningtocropuparoundourlandscapE.IoTadvocatesclaimthatoverallinterconnectivitywouldallowustolocateandmonitoreverythingeverywhereandatanytimE.Imagineasmartbuildingwhereamanagercanknowhowmanypeopleareinsidejustbywhichroomsarereflectingmotion—forinstanceviamotion-sensitivelightssaysConstantineValhoulifromtheHammersmithGroupastrategyconsultingfirm.Thiscouldhelpsavelivesinanemergency.ButasmoreobjectsgointothedigitalworldthefinelinethatseparatesthebenefitsofincreasinglysmarttechnologyandpossibleprivacyconcernsbecomesreallyblurreD.TheIoTchallengeislikelytogrowbothinscaleandcomplexityassevenbillionhumansareexpectedtocoexistwith70billionmachinesandperhaps70000billion‘smartthings’withnumbersinvadingthelastfencesofpersonallifesaysGeraldSantucciheadofthenetworkedenterpriseandRFIDunitattheEuropeanCommission.Insuchanewcontexttheworriesincrease:towhatextentcanmonitoringofpeoplebeaccepted?WhichprinciplesshouldgovernthedeploymentoftheIoT?72.Thefirstparagraphisusedto________.A.introduceanewkindofjeanstoreadersB.arousereaders’interestintheRFIDC.drawreaders’attentiontothenewjeansD.setanexampleofusingtheRFID73.TheunderlinedphrasecropupinParA.8canbereplacedby__________.A.appearB.cooperateC.developD.change74.WhatcanweknowaboutIoT?A.A.typicalcityinafullIoTsituationhascomeintoreality.B.TheapplicationofIoTmayinvadepeople’sprivacy.C.ThetechnologyofIoThassavedlivesinanemergency.D.IoThasbeenlargelyusedinmanycities.75.Ifthistextcontinueswhatwouldbediscussednext?A.Solutionsofdefendingpeople’sprivacy.B.ThedevelopmentoftheIoT.C.Thecontrolonmonitoring.D.Smarttechnology’sdisadvantages.
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MichaelFishmaysoonbereplacedasaweatherforecasterbytheshark鲨鱼.ResearchbyaBritishbiologystudentsuggeststhatsharkscouldbeusedtopredictstorms.LaurenSmith24isclosetocompletingherstudyonshark’sabilitytosensepressurE.Ifherstudiesprovethetheoryscientistsmaybeabletomonitorthebehaviorofsharkstopredictbadweather.MissSmithhadpreviouslystudiedthebehavioroflemonsharksintheBahamas.ShethenusedtheircloserelativeslesserspotteddogfishforfurtherresearchatAberdeenUniversity.Herwork---thoughttobethefirstofitskindtotestthepressuretheory----resultedfromtheobservationthatjuvenileblacktipsharksoffFloridamovedintodeeperwateraheadofaviolentstormin2001.MissSmithsaid:I’vealwaysbeencrazyabouttravelinganddivingandthisledmetoaninterestinsharks.IwasdelightedtohavebeenabletoresearchintheareaformydegreE.Iknowthere’ssomuchmoreweneedtounderstand----butitcertainlyopensthewaytomoreresearch.Ithasbeendiscoveredthatasharksensespressureusinghaircellsinitsbalancesystem.AttheBiminiSharkLabintheBahamasMissSmithfixedhi-techsensorstosharkstorecordpressureandtemperaturewhilealsotrackingthemusingGPSGlobalPositioningSystemtechnology.InAberdeenshewasabletostudytheeffectsoftidal潮汐的andtemperaturechangesondogfish----noneofwhichwereharmeD.Shealsousedaspeciallabwhichcanmimic模拟oceanicpressurechangescausedbyweatherfronts.Sheisduetocompleteherstudyandgraduatelaterthisyear.Shesaysshewillbelookingforajobwhichwillgiveherthechancetoenrichherexperienceofsharkresearch.72.Thepassageismostprobablytakenfrom_______.A.ashort-storycollectionB.apopularsciencemagazineC.aresearchpaperD.apersonaldiary73.Whatdowelearnfromthefirstfourparagraphsofthepassage?A.Sharksmaybeusedtopredictbadweather.B.Sharks’behaviorcanbecontrolleD.C.MichaelFishisnotfitforhisjoB.D.LaurenSmithwillbecomeaweatherforecaster.74.LaurenSmithconductedherresearchby_______.A.removinghaircellsfromashark’sbalancesystemB.measuringtheairpressureofweatherfrontsC.recordingsharks’bodytemperatureD.monitoringsharks’reactiontoweatherchanges75.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.A.popularwayofforecastingweather.B.A.newresearcheffortinpredictingstorms.C.Biologists’interestinthesecretsofsharks.D.LaurenSmith’sdevotiontoscientificresearch.
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Awell-knownmanufacturerofweighingmachinesproducedanewmodel.Themachinehadacomputerinsideitandthiscomputercoulddowonderfulthings:itcouldweighpeopleveryaccurately;itcouldtellthemtheirweightintheirownlanguage;anditcouldtellthemwhattheyshouldeattoreducetheirweight.Themanufacturerdecidedtotryouthismachinebeforehesoldittotheshops.Helookedaroundforagoodplacetoputitandfinallydecidedonanairport.Therewerealwayspeopleatanairportfrommanydifferentcountries.ThefirstpersontousethemachinewasanItalianwoman.Shestoodonthemachineputacoininandwaitedtohearherweight.Themachinetookonlyasecondortwotoweighherdecideonhernationalityandthelanguageshespokeandfigureoutwhatkindoffoodsheshouldeat.GoodmorningmadamitsaidinperfectItalian.Yourweightis72kilosthreemorethanitshouldbeforawomanofyourheightageandnationality.Thisisbecauseyouhavebeeneatingtoomuchspaghetti.Isuggestyoueatmorefruitandvegetables.Pleasehaveaniceday.ThesecondpersontousethemachinewasaChinesegirl.Shestoodonthemachineputacoininandwaitedtohearherweight.GoodmorningMissthemachinesaidinprefectChinesE.Yourweightis38kilosexactlythecorrectweightforyourheightageandnationality.Continuetoeatwhatyouareeating.Pleasehaveaniceday.ThethirdpersontousethemachinewasahugeAustralianwoman.ShewalkeduptothemachineandlookedatitforalongtimE.Atlastshefoundthecouragetostandonthemachineandputacoinin.Themachinespokeimmediately.Goodmorning.Willoneofyouladiespleasegetoff?31.Whatcouldthecomputerdo?A.WeighandtalktopeopleB.Translateinformation.C.Givethemdietpills.D.Makethemloseweight.32.Wheredidthemanufacturerfirstputthemachine?A.IntheshopsB.InmanydifferentcountriesC.InanairportD.Inahotel33.WhatdidthemachinesaytotheItalianwoman?A.Shewasalittletoolight.B.Shewasalittletooheavy.C.Shedislikedspaghetti.D.Shecouldn’tspeakItalian.34.WhatdidthemachinesaytotheChinesewoman?A.SheshouldeatmorE.B.ShecouldspeakChinesE.C.Shewouldhaveaniceday.D.ShewasfinE.35.WhatdidthemachinesuggestabouttheAustralianwoman?A.Shewasunwell.B.Shewascourageous.C.Shewastooheavy.D.Shehaddietedwell.
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Animalscanmovefromplacetoplacebutplantscannot.Whenananimalisunderattackitcanrunawayorfightback.Plantscertainlycannotrunawayandtheylackteethandclaws.Butplantscandefendthemselvesbyusingbothphysicalandchemicalmeans.Someplantshavetheirownwaystokeepanimalsaway.Forexampletheleavesofthehollyplanthavesharpspines刺thatdiscouragegrass-eatinganimals.Hollyleavesonlowerbrancheshavemorespinesthanleavesonupperbranches.Thisisbecausethelowerleavesareeasierformostanimalstoreach.Someplantssuchastheoaktreehavethickandhardleavesthataredifficultforanimalstoeat.Somegrassesmaycontainasandymaterial;eatingsuchgrasseswearsdowntheanimal'steeth.Manyplantsalsohavechemicaldefenses.Someplantsproducechemicalsthattastebitterorcauseanunpleasantreaction.Someplantsmayfightagainstanattackbyincreasingtheproductionofthesechemicals.Whenacaterpillar毛虫bitesatobaccoleaftheleafproducesachemicalmessenger.ThismessengersendstotherootstheinformationtoproducemorenicotinE.Thehigherlevelsofnicotinediscouragethecaterpillar.Manyplantsdependonbothphysicalandchemicaldefenses.A.certainplantinChinaforinstancehasprickly多刺的leavesandeachpricklecontainspoisonousvenom毒液A.singleexperiencewiththiskindofplantwillteachananimaltostayawayfromitinthefuturE.57.Thehollyplanthasmorespinesonthelowerleavesbecausemostanimals________.A.arenottallenoughB.likethelowerleavesonlyC.cangetthelowerleaveseasilyD.arenotcleverenough58.Todefendthemselvesoaktreesuse________.A.chemicalmeansB.sandymaterialsC.bitterchemicalsD.physicalmeans59.Howdoestobaccoprotectitselfagainstanattackfromacaterpillar?A.ItsrootsincreasetheproductionofnicotinewhenitisattackedB.Itsrootssendamessengertodiscouragethecaterpillar.C.Itsleavesfightagainsttheattackbyphysicalmeans.D.Itsleavesproducepoisonoussandtodrivethecaterpillaraway.60.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.PlantsandAnimalsB.HowPlantsDefendThemselvesC.AttacksandDefensesD.HowAnimalsEatPlantLeaves
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SportsshoesthatworkoutwhethertheirownerhasdoneenoughexercisetowarranttimeinfrontofthetelevisionhavebeendevisedintheUK.Theshoes-namedSquareEyes-containanelectronicpressuresensorandatinycomputerchiptorecordhowmanystepsthewearerhastakeninaday.A.wirelesstransmitterpassestheinformationtoareceiverconnectedtoatelevisionandthisdecideshowmucheveningviewingtimethewearerdeservesbasedontheday’sefforts.ThedesignwasinspiredbyadesiretofightagainsttherapidlyballooningwaistlinesamongBritishteenagerssaysGillianSwanwhodevelopedSquareEyesasafinalyeardesignprojectatBrunelUniversityinLondonUK.Welookedatcurrentissuesandchildhoodoverweightreallystoodoutshesays.AndIwantedtotacklethatwithmydesign.Onceachildhasuseduptheirdailyallowancegainedthroughexercisethetelevisionautomaticallyswitchesoff.AndfurthertimeinfrontoftheTVcanonlybeearnedthroughmoresteps.Swancalculatedhowexerciseshouldtranslatetotelevisiontimeusingtherecommendeddailyamountsofboth.Healthexpertssuggestthatachildtake12000stepseachdayandwatchnomorethantwohoursoftelevision.Soevery100stepsrecordedbytheSquareEyesshoesequalspreciselyoneminuteofTVtimE.Existingpedometers计步器normallyclipontoabeltorslipintoapocketandkeepcountofstepsbymeasuringsuddenmovement.Swansaysthesecanbeeasilytrickedintorecordingstepsthroughshaking.Buthershoehasbeenbuilttobeharderforlazyteenagerstocheat.Itispossiblebutitwouldbealotofeffortshesays.Thatwasoneofmymaindesignconsiderations.38.WhichofthefollowingistrueofSquareEyesshoes?A.Theyregulateachild’seveningTVviewingtimE.B.Theydetermineachild’sdailypocketmoney.C.Theyhaveraisedthehotissueofoverweight.D.Theycontaininformationofthereceiver.39.Whatisstressedbyhealthexpertsintheirsuggestion?A.Theexactnumberofstepstobetaken.B.TheprecisenumberofhoursspentonTV.C.TheproperamountofdailyexerciseandTVtimE.D.ThewayofchangingstepsintoTVwatchingtimE.40.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SmartShoesDecideonTelevisionTimeB.SmartShoesGuaranteeMoreExerciseC.SmartShoesMeasureTimeofExerciseD.SmartShoesStopChildhoodOverweight
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Haveyoueversuddenlyfeltthatsomeoneyouknewwasintrouble—andwashe?Haveyoueverdreamedofsomethingthatcametruelater?MaybeyouhaveESP超感觉知觉.ESPstandsforExtrasensoryPerception.ItmaybecalledasixthsensE.Itseemstoletpeopleknowabouteventsbeforetheyhappenoreventsthatarehappeningsomedistanceaway.Here’sanexamplE.A.womanwasironingclothes.SuddenlyshescreamedMyfatherisdead!Isawhimsittinginthechair!JustthenatelegramcamE.Thewoman’sfatherdiedofaheartattack.Hediedsittinginachair.TherearethousandsofstorieslikethisoneonrecorD.Scientistsarestudyingthemtofindoutwhat’sbehindthesestrangementalmessages.Here’sanotherexample—oneofhundredsofdreamsthathavecometruE.Amandreamedhewaswalkingalongaroadwhenahorseandcarriagecameby.ThedriversaidThere’sroomforonemorE.Themanfeltthedriverseemeddeadsoheranaway.ThenextdaywhenthemanwasgettingonacrowdedbusthebusdriversaidThere’sroomforonemorE.Thenthemansawthatthedriver’sfacewasthesamefacehehadseeninthedream.Hewouldn’tgetonthebus.Asthebusdroveoffitcrashedandburstintoflames.Everyonewaskilled!Somepeoplesaystorieslikethesearecoincidences.OthersincludingsomescientistssaythatESPisreal.FromstudiesofESPwemaysomedaylearnmoreaboutthehumanminD.59.Accordingtothepassagetheauthorbelievesthatthesixthsenseis.A.inexistenceB.imaginativeC.notrealD.impossible60.ESPletspeopleknow________.A.abouteventsbeforetheyhappenB.abouteventsaftertheyhappenC.abouteventsthatarehappeningsomedistanceawayD.AandC.61.BystudyingESPscientistsmaygetto.A.learnhowpeopletellliesB.knowmoreabouthumandreamsC.knowmoreabouthumanmindD.learnhowstrangethingshappen62.Inthelastparagraphtheunderlinedwordcoincidencesprobablymeans.A.thingsthatmaynothappenB.thingsthathappeninadreamC.thingsthatmusthappenD.thingsthathappenbyaccident63.Thisarticleismainlyabout.A.thehumandreamB.thesixthsenseC.thehumanmindD.acrowdedbus
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AblindbabyisdoublyhandicappeD.Notonlyisitunabletoseebutbecauseitcannotreceivethevisualstimulus刺激fromitsenvironmentthatasightedchilddoesitislikelytobeslowinintellectualdevelopment.Nowtheten-montholdsonofDr.andMrs.DennisDaughtersisthesubjectofanunusualpsychologicalexperimentdesignedtopreventalag滞后inthelearningprocess.Withtheaidofasonar-typeelectronicthathewearsonhisheadinfant婴儿Dennisislearningtoidentifythepeopleandobjectsintheworldaroundhimbymeansofechoes回声.ThedeviceisanimprovementoftheSonicguideaninstrumentproducedbyTelesensorySystemsInC.ofPaloAltoCalifandusedbyblindadultsinadditiontoasmartorguidedog.AsadaptedforDennisitconsistsofabattery-poweredsystemaboutthesizeofahalfdollarthatisonaheadgear.A.transmittersendsoutanultrasonic超声的pulsethatcreatesan80degreeconeofsoundat6feet.Echoesfromobjectswithintheconeareperceivedfeltassoundsthatvaryinpitch音调andvolume音量withthesizeanddistanceoftheobject.Thecloseranobjectisthelowerthepitchandthelargertheobjectthelouderthesignal.Hardsurfacesproduceasharppingwhilesoftonessendbacksignalswithaslightlyfuzzyquality.AnobjectslightlytotherightofDenny’ssendsbackaloudersoundtohisrightearthantotheleft.Thusbysimplymovinghisheadrightandleftandupanddownhecannotonlylocateanobjectbutalsogetsomenotionofitsshapeandsizethankstothevaryingqualitiesofsoundsreachinghisearsastheconeofultrasound超声波passesitsedges.Dennislikestousethedevicetoplayakindofpeek-a-boowithhismother.Standingonherkneeandfacingherdirectlyhereceivesastrongsignalinbothears.Byturninghisheadawayhemakesherseemtodisappear.FromthefirsttimeheworeitsaysMrs.DaughtersitwaslikealightgoingoninhisheaD.WhatremainstobedeterminedishowwellthedevicewillhelpDenniscopewithhissurroundingsashebeginstowalkandventurefurtherintohisenvironment.MeanwhileTelesensoryIncisworkingonthedevelopmentofsonar声纳devicewithsomewhatthesamesensitivityasDennis’sforusebyschool-agechildren.66.Dr.andMrs.Daughters’researchisdirectedto______________.A.helpingtheblindtoseeandlearnaswellasothersB.benefitingthelearningprocessofblindchildrenC.solvingblindchildren’spsychologicalproblemsD.findingouthowchildrendevelopintellectually67.InfantDennisbecomesthesubjectoftheexperimentmostprobablybecause_____________.A.healreadylagsbehindthesightedchildrenB.heleadsalifeasnormalasanyotherchildrenC.heisattheearlystageofthelearningprocessD.hehastheaidofasonar-typeelectronicdevice68.WhatcanwelearnaboutinfantDennis’device?A.Itsthefirstdesignwasdesignedforblindadults.B.Itsbatteryisassmallasahalf-dollarcoin.C.Itisfunctionallysimilartoasaneandguidedog.D.IthasbeenimprovedbyTelesensorySystemsInC.69.Inthethirdparagraphitsedgerefersto___________.A.theedgeofanobjectB.theedgeofthedeviceC.theboundaryofDennis’movementD.theboundaryofthesoundpitch.70.WhatisTelesensorySystemsInC.mostlikelytothinkaboutinfantDennis’device?A.IthadbetterbeusedbyblindchildrenfromschoolagE.B.Itneedsimprovingforuseinacomplicatedenvironment.C.Itmaynotbesosuitablefortheblindadults.D.Itbenefitsblindchildrenintermsoflearning.
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Planetarychangeswhichwillhaveaninfluenceonmanyaredrawingnearbecauseofthepoorecological生态的stateoftheplanet.Actuallychangehasalreadybegunthroughclimatechangesbutmosthumanshaven’tnoticedthisyet.Climatechangehasbeguntoinfluencetheworldalreadyandwillbegintoworsenwithinthenextfewyears.Around2020mostpeoplewillbegintoseethattheresultsofclimatechangewillbefarmoreseriousthannowunderstooD.Astheplanetisunderbiggeological地质的stresseswhicharecontinuouslyincreasingitwillinthefuturenolongerbeabletosupportitspopulation.Scarcity缺乏ofresourcesover-farminglackofcleanairnotenoughcleandrinkingwateranddroughtaresomeoftheissuesthatwillallplayamuchgreaterroleinthenearfuturE.Humanshavecausedlargeecologicaldevastation破坏.Thelifestylesofmanypeopleareimprovingatafastspeed;howeverthiswillfinallyresultinalackofsomepreciousresources.Whenthisscarcitybeginstohappenpeoplewillnolongerbeabletohavesustainable可支撑的lifestyles.It’simportanttounderstandthateveryoneplaysaroleinthewholeprocessoflifE.Eachperson’sdecisioncanfinallyaffectthefuturE.Thesedecisionsallcombinedcanhavegoodeffectonwhatthefuturewillbelikeforhumans.Sothefuturedependsonthechoiceswemakeatthepresentmoment.Whilemoreandmorepeoplearebecomingawareofclimatechangeandotherenvironmentalproblemsrelatedtoglobalwarmingnotallarefullyunderstandinghowfar-reachingitseffectswillbE.Unfortunatelymostofthehumansareawarethattheplanetisn’tfunctioningwellbuttheydon’tunderstandthatthisiscreatingamajorproblemforthefuturesurvivalofhumans.SoeverypersonshouldmakethenecessarychangestoreducetheirinfluenceontheenvironmentandhelpcreateamoresustainablefuturE.61.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheCausesofPlanetaryChanges.B.TheInfluenceofEcologicalDevastationC.TheWaysofBuildingaSustainableFutureD.EnvironmentalDamageandtheHumanFuture62.Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat_________A.planetarychangesarecausedbyglobalwarmingB.climatechangeswillaffectthelifeofhumanssoonC.theecologicalstateoftheearthhasbeendestroyedD.mostpeopledon’trealizethedangerofclimatechanges63.Whatopiniondoestheauthormostprobablyhold?A.Humansshouldn’ttrytoimprovetheirlifestyles.B.Thefuturewe’llhavedependsoneveryoneofus.C.Theecologicaldevastationiscomingtoastopsoon.D.ThefutureofhumanscanbedeterminedaheadoftimE.64.Inthelastparagraphtheauthoristryingto____________.A.encouragepeopletomakeeffortstoprotecttheenvironmentB.callonpeopletoworkhardtomaketheirfuturebetterC.warnpeopleofthedangersofecologicaldevastationD.tellpeopletherightwaytoprotecttheenvironment65.Theauthor’sattitudeinwritingthistextis____________.A.indifferentB.negativeC.seriousD.humorous
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AstudypublishedinSeptembersuggeststhereisasurprisingwaytogetpeopletoavoidunhealthyfoods:changetheirmemories.ScientistElizabethLoftusoftheUniversityofCaliforniaatIrvineaskedvolunteerstoanswersomequestionsontheirpersonalitiesandfendexperiences.OneweeklaterLoftussaysWetoldthosepeoplewe’dfedtheiranswersintooursmartcomputeranditcameupwithanaccountoftheirearlychildhoodexperiences.Someaccountsincludedonekeyadditionaldetail:Yougotsickaftereatingstrawberryice-cream.Theresearchersthenchangedthisdetailintoamanufactured人造的memorythroughleadingquestions—Whowereyouwith?Howdidyoufeel?Bytheendofthestudyupto41%ofthosegivenafalsememorybelievedstrawberryice-creamoncemadethemsickandmanysaidthey’davoideatingit.WhenLoftuspublishedherfindingsshestartedgettingcallsfrompeoplebegginghertomakethemrememberhatingchocolateorFrenchfries.Unfortunatelyit’snotthateasy.Falsememoriesappeartoworkonlyforfoodsyoudon’teatonaregularbasis.Butmostimportantitislikelythatfalsememoriescanbeimplanted灌输onlyinpeoplewhoareunawareofthementalcontrol.Andlyingtoapatientisimmoralevenifadoctorbelievesit’sforthepatient’sbenefit.Loftussaysthere’snothingtostopparentsfromtryingitwiththeiroverweightchildren.Isaywakeup—parentshavebeenlyingaboutFatherChristmasforyearsandnobodyseemstominD.Iftheycanpreventdiseasescausedbyfatnessandalltheotherproblemsthatcomewiththatyoumightthinkthat’samoremoralliE.Decidethatforyourself.64.WhydidLoftusaskthevolunteerstoanswersomequestions?A.Toimprovehercomputerprogram.B.TofindouttheirattitudestowardsfooD.C.Tofindoutdetailsshecanmakeuseof.D.Topredictwhatfoodthey’lllikeinthefuturE.65.WhatdidLoftusfindoutfromherresearch?A.Peoplebelievewhatthecomputertellsthem.B.PeoplecanbeledtobelieveinsomethingfalsE.C.Peopletendtoforgettheirchildhoodexperiences.D.Peoplearenotalwaysawareoftheirpersonalities.66.AccordingtothestudypeoplemaystophavingacertainfoodiftheyA.learnitisharmfulforhealthB.lietothemselvesthattheydon’twantitC.arewillingtoletdoctorscontroltheirmindsD.thinktheyoncehadabadexperienceofeatingit.67.Whatisthebiggestconcernwiththemethod?A.Whetheritismoral.B.Whoitisbestfor.C.WhenitiseffectivE.D.HowitshouldbeuseD.
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Whydomendieearlierthanwomen?Thelatestresearchmakesitknownthatthereasoncouldbethatmen’sheartsgointorapiddeclinewhentheyreachmiddleagE.Thelargeststudyoftheeffectsofageingonthehearthasfoundthatwomen’slongevitymaybelinkedtothefactthattheirheartsdonotlosetheirpumpingpowerwithagE.Wehavefoundthatthepowerofthemaleheartfallsby20-25percentbetween18and70yearsofagesaidtheheadofthestudyDavidGoldspinkofLiverpoolJohnMooresUniversityintheUK.Withinthehearttherearemillionsofcellsthatenableittobeat.Betweentheageof20and70one-thirdofthosecellsdieandarenotreplacedinmensaidGoldspink.Thisispartoftheageingprocess.Whatsurprisesscientistsisthatthefemaleheartseesverylittlelossofthesecells.A.healthy70-year-oldwoman’sheartcouldperformalmostaswellasa20-year-oldone’s.Thisgender性别differencemightjustexplainwhywomenlivelongerthanmensaidGoldspink.Theystudiedmorethan250healthymenandwomenbetweentheagesof18and80focusingonhealthypersonstoremovetheconfusinginfluenceofdiseasE.TheteamhasyettofindwhyageingtakesagreaterlossonthemaleheartsaidGoldspink.ThegoodnewsisthatmencanimprovethehealthoftheirheartwithregularexercisE.GoldspinkstressedthatwomenalsoneedregularexercisetopreventtheirlegmusclesbecomingsmallerandweakerastheyagE.51.Theunderlinedwordlongevityinthesecondparagraphprobablyrefersto________.A.healthB..longlifeC..ageingD..effect52.Thetextmainlytalksabout________.A.men’sheartcellsB.women’sageingprocessC.thegenderdifferenceD.heartsandlonglife53.AccordingtothetexttheUKscientistshaveknownthat________.A.womenhavemorecellsthanmenwhentheyarebornB.womencanreplacethecellsthatenablethehearttobeatC.thefemaleheartlosesfewofthecellswithageD.womenneverlosetheirpumpingpowerwithage
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Globalwarmingmayormaynotbethegreatenvironmentalcrisisofthe21stcenturybut-regardlessofwhetheritisorisn't-wewon'tdomuchaboutit.AlGorecallsglobalwarminganinconvenienttruthasifmerelyrecognizingitcouldputusonapathtoasolution.Buttherealtruthisthatwedon'tknowenoughtorelieveglobalwarmingand-withoutmajortechnologicalbreakthroughs-wecan'tdomuchaboutit.From2003to2050theworld'spopulationisprojectedtogrowfrom6.4billionto9.1billiona42%increasE.IfenergyuseperpersonandtechnologyremainthesametotalenergyuseandgreenhousegasemissionsmainlyC02willbe42%higherin2050.Butthat'stoolowbecausesocietiesthatgrowricherusemoreenergy.Weneedeconomicgrowthunlesswecondemntheworld'spoortotheirpresentpovertyandfreezeeveryoneelse'slivingstandards.Withmodestgrowthenergyuseandgreenhouseemissionsmorethandoubleby2050.Nogovernmentwilladoptstrictrestrictionsoneconomicgrowthandpersonalfreedomlimitsonelectricityusagedrivingandtravelthatmightcutbackglobalwarming.Stillpoliticianswanttoshowthey'redoingsomething.ConsidertheKyotoProtocol京都议定书.Itallowedcountriesthatjoinedtopunishthosethatdidn't.Butithasn'treducedC02emissionsupabout25%since1990andmanysignatories签字国didn'tadopttoughenoughpoliciestohittheir2008-2012targets.Thepracticalconclusionisthatifglobalwarmingisapotentialdisastertheonlysolutionisnewtechnology.Onlyanaggressiveresearchanddevelopmentprogrammightfindwaysofbreakingourdependenceonfossilfuelsordealingwithit.Thetroublewiththeglobalwarmingdebateisthatithasbecomeamoralproblemwhenit'sreallyanengineeringonE.Theinconvenienttruthisthatifwedon’tsolvetheengineeringproblemwe’rehelpless.47.Accordingtotheauthor'sunderstandingwhatisAlGore'sviewonglobalwarming?A.Itisarealitybothpeopleandpoliticiansareunawareof.B.Itisaphenomenonthatcausesusmanyinconveniences.C.ItisaproblemthatcanbesolvedonceitisrecognizeD.D.Itisanareaweactuallyhavelittleknowledgeabout.48.Greenhouseemissionswillmorethandoubleby2050becauseof___________A.economicgrowthB.wastefuluseofenergyC.thewideninggapbetweentherichandpoorD.therapidadvancesofscienceandtechnology49.TheauthorbelievesthatsincethesigningoftheKyotoProtocol__________A.politicianshavestartedtodosomethingtobetterthesituationB.fewnationshaveadoptedrealtoughmeasurestolimitenergyuseC.reductionsinenergyconsumptionhavegreatlycutbackglobalwarmingD.internationalcooperationhascontributedtosolvingenvironmentalproblems50.Whatisthemessagetheauthorintendstoconvey?A.GlobalwarmingismoreofamoralissuethanapracticalonE.B.Thefinalsolutiontoglobalarmingliesinnewtechnology.C.Thedebateoverglobalwarmingwillleadtotechnologicalbreakthroughs.D.Peoplehavetogiveupcertainmaterialcomfortstostopglobalwarming.
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ThePepperedMothakindofinsect昆虫isfoundinEnglanD.Itislightbrownincolourandlikestosettle栖息ontreeswhicharealsolightbrown.Thismakesthemothdifficulttobeseenandit’slesspossibleforthebirdstonoticeandeatit.Butwiththedevelopmentofindustry工业smokefromfactoriesbegantoreachthetreeswherethemothsettleD.Itmadethetreesblacker.Thensomethingverystrangetookplace:inindustrialareasthePepperedMothbegantochangecolour.Itbecamedarkeraswell.Thoughthechangetookseveralyearssomescientistssoonnoticethatnewly-bornmothswerealittledarkerthanusual.AscientistnamedKettlewelldecidedtomakeacarefulstudyofthisphenomenon现象.Hemarked标识someofthelightmothsandsomeofthedarkeronesandsetthemfreeinthewoodsnearBerminghamanindustrialcity.Laterherecaptured重新捕获asmanyasthemarkedmothsaspossiblE.Theresultswereasfollows.lightmothsdarkermothsMothssetfree201601mothsrecaptured3416%20634%Kettlewell'sresearch研究wasdoneintheearly1950s.SoonafterwardsBritainintroducednewlawstoreducesmokeandfactorypollution.Thenumberofthelightmothswouldbeontheriseonlyiftheairbecamecleaneragain.73.ThePepperedMothbegantochangeitscolourinindustrialareasbecause.A.itwouldlookmorebeautifulB.itcouldbelikethecolourofitsliving-placeC.ithadtokeepthebalanceofnatureD.itwasusuallydarkbrown74.FromtheresultsofKettlewell'sresearchwecanseethat.A.manymoreofthelightmothswerekilledoreatenB.morethanone-fifthofthelightmothswerenotkilledC.MorethanhalfofthedarkmothswerekeptsafeD.moredarkmothswerekilledinindustrialareas75.Astheairbecamecleaner.A.thenumberofthelightmothsbecamelargerB.thetotalnumberofthelightmothsremainedunchangedC.thereweremoreofthedarkermothsandfewerofthelightonesD.thedarkermothschangedintothelightonessuddenly
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A.desertisabeautifullandofsilenceandspacE.Thesunshinesthewindblowsandtimeandspaceseemendless.Nothingissoft.Thesandandrocksarehardandmanyoftheplantsevenhavehardneedlesinsteadofleaves.Thesizeandlocation分布oftheworld’sdesertsarealwayschanging.Overmillionsofyearsasclimateschangeandmountainsrisenewdryandwetareasdevelop.Butwithinthelast100yearsdesertshavebeengrowingatafrighteningspeeD.Thisispartlybecauseofnaturalchangesbutthegreatestmakersarehumans.Humanscanmakedesertsbuthumanscanalsopreventtheirgrowth.AlgeriaMauritaniaisplantingasimilarwallaroundNouakchottthecapital.Iranputsathincoveringofpetroleum石油onsandyareasandplantstrees.Theoilkeepsthewaterandsmalltreesinthelandandmenonmotorcycles摩托车keepthesheepandgoatsaway.TheUSSRandIndiaarebuildinglongcanalstobringwatertodesertareas.40.Inthispassageneedlesrefersto_______.A.smallthinpiecesofsteel.B.longthinpiecesofbranches.C.smallpointedgrowthonthestem茎ofaplant.D.smallthinpiecesofsticks.41.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Thegreatestdesertmakersarehumans.B.Therearen’tanylivingthingsinthedeserts.C.Desertshavebeengrowingquickly.D.Thesizeofthedesertsisalwayschanging.42.WecanguessthatMauritaniaandAlgeriabelongto_______.A.AsiancountriesB.AmericancountriesC.EuropeancountiesD.Africancountries43.ChoosethesentencewhichbestgivesthemainideaofthepassagE.A.Thedesertsoftheworldarealwayschanging.B.Manistotakemeasurestocontrolthegrowthoftheworld’sdeserts.C.DesertsarelandsofsilenceandspacE.D.Desertshavegrownatafastpaceinthepast10years.
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TheSouthPoleisaparticularplaceontheearth.Whenpeoplestandatthetopofitlookingaroundtheywillfindalldirectionsfacetonorth.Nomatterhowtheymaketheirfirststepinwhichdirectiontheywillalwayswalktowardsthenorth.That’stosayonlynorthandsouthexistthereneithereastnorwestexists.AtthetopoftheSouthPoleanyclockorwatchkeepsgoodtimebecauseallmeridians子午线jointherE.AllkindsoflocaltimearecompletelysuitabletherE.Itisevendifficulttodistinguish区别NewYear’sEvefromNewYear’sDay.Theexplorersandscientistsfromdifferentcountriesalwaysfixthetimeaccordingtotheirown.ThereforethetimebytheirwatcheswasdifferentwhenthepeoplewithdifferentnationalitygatheredtherE.TheWinterSolstice冬至日isanimportantfestivalattheSouthPolE.ItisalwaysonJune21or22.ThisdayiscalledMidwinterFestivalonwhichthedaytimeistheshortestinayearandthenightthelongest.AllpeopleattheSouthPoleextendgreetingstoeachotherandpresentgiftstoeachother.Theyusuallygiveallkindsofcelebrations.Fromthatdayonthedaytimewillgetlongerdaybyday.60.AtthetopoftheSouthPoleyourwatchwill________.A.keepgoodtimeB.befiveminutesfastC.stopD.betenminutesslow61.Thetimebythewatchesoftheexplorersandscientistsfromdifferentcountriesis________.A.alwaysthesameB.notalwaysdifferentC.alwaysslowD.notalwaysthesame62.TheWinterSolsticeisanimportantfestival________.A.intheworldB.attheNorthPoleC.attheSouthPoleD.inChina63.OntheWinterSolstice________istheshortestinayear.A.thenightB.thenoonC.themorningD.thedaytime
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IntellectualpropertyIPisaproductofthemindthathascommercialvaluE.Theconceptdatesbackto1623whenthefirstpatentlawtoprotectIPrightswaspasseD.IPrightsprotectanartistfromhavinghis/hercreativeideascopiedbyanother.ForexampleifsomebodygeneratesanideaforanovelthatideaisprotectedbyIPrights.Ifsomeoneelsewishestorepresenttheideaordevelopitfurtherhe/shemustconsulttheoriginalartistswhowillnormallyberewardedfinanciallyforitsusE.Backinthe17thcenturyIPrightswereprimarilycarriedouttoprotectnewlydevelopedmanufacturingprocessesagainststealing.ButtodayintellectualpropertyrightsarealsoenjoyedbythosewhocreatemusicartandliteraturE.InrecentyearsIPrightshavebeenthefocusofagreatdealofdiscussionbecauseofatechnologywhichseemstoweakenthemaltogether:theInternet.Manyyearsagoifyouwantedarecordingofasongyouwouldhavetopurchaseitfromamusicstore;ifanovelfromabookstorE.InthosedaysIPrightswereeasilyprotectedsinceitwasverydifficulttoobtainintellectualpropertywithoutpayingforit.HoweveralotofIPincludingsongsfilmsbooksandartworkcanbedownloadedtodayfreeofchargeusingtheInternet.ThispracticehasnowtakentheworldbystormdramaticallyaffectingthewayinwhichweviewIPrights.64.AccordingtothewriterinthebeginningIPrightsweremainlyofuseto______.A.thosecreatingmusicartandliteratureB.engineersandinventorsC.novelistsD.thosenotreceivingfinancialrewardfortheirwork65.WhatdoweknowabouttheInternetaccordingtothepassage?A.ItmakesIPrightshardertoprotect.B.Itsellssongsandfilms.C.ItdoesnotaffectthewayweunderstandIPrights.D.Itpreventstheproductionofartwork.66.Accordingtoparagraph2whathastakentheworldbystorm?A.Intellectualpropertyrights.B.TheInternet.C.Freedownloading.D.Thelargenumberofsongsfilmsandbooks.
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WaterPollutionandManWaterpollutionaffectsman’shealthrecreationaluseofwaterandsenseofbeauty.Thespreadofwater-carrieddiseaseisofgreatconcern.Inhighlydevelopedcountriesinparticularemphasishaschangedfromconcernoverbacterialdiseasetoconcernoverwater-carriedviral病毒性的diseasE.Viralhepatitis肝炎forexamplehasbeenfoundtooccurmorefrequentlyincitieswhosewatersupplieshavecomparativelyhighlevelsofwaterimpurity.Poisonouschemicalsfoundinstreamsthatareultimatelyusedforwatersuppliesalsocreateanimportantpublichealthproblem.Itisclearthatpoisonouschemicalsmustbeexcludedfromwaterbutmoreandmorechemicalsfromnewpesticides杀虫剂fertilizersandothernewproductshavebeenfoundinwater.Sincethepublichealthimportanceofthesechemicalsisnotyetfullyknowntheyareofincreasingconcern.Thechemicalsfromfertilizersarealsofindingtheirwayintowatersuppliesfrompollution.Asman’sdesireforwater-basedrecreationincreasesgreaterdemandsareplacedonthequalityofthewater.Thewatermustnotonlybutbeattractiveinappearancebutalsomeetcertainotherconditions.Sportssuchasswimminginvolvedirectcontactwithwaterandsowaterstandardsareraisedhigher.Therangeofwaterqualitynecessaryforindustrialprocessesvariesgreatlywiththeintendeduseofthewater.Thewaterusedinsteelmillsfoeexamplemusthavealowerchloride氧化物levelthanthatacceptedfordrinkingwater.Coolingwatercanoftenbeofcomparativelylowsanitary卫生的quality.A.largepartofthewaterusedinthepaper-makingindustryanbeofrelativelylowqualityinsomeaspectsbutmustcontainlittleironandcarbondioxidE.1.Thechemicalsfrompesticidesandfertilizersfoundinwaterareofincreasingconcernbecause_________.A.theirimportancetoman’shealthhasnotbeencompletelyknownB.theymaycausegroundwaterpollutiontheycanfindtheirwayintowatersuppliesforfarmerstheyareimportantfactorscontributingtothespreadofdisease2.Accordingtothepassagewater-basedrecreationdemandsthat_________.ThewatercontainahigherlevelofoxygenThewatercontainlittleironandcarbondioxideThewaterbeattractiveandofhighqualityThewaterstandardsbeappropriateforallsports3.Inthelastparagraphtheauthormentionsallofthefollowinitsfulltext?_________waterqualitynecessaryforsteelmillsB.softwaterandhardwaterforindustrialcoolingwateroflowsanitaryqualityD.waterstandardsforpeoplemills4.Asthepassageisnotcompletewhatdoyouthinkwouldfollowinitsfulltext?_________TherelationshipbetweencarbondioxideandpeoplemakingWaterpollution’sdirecteconomiceffectsonman.Examplesofcontinuedwaterpollution.Man’sviewsonwaterpollutionintermsofbeautyvalues.
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AstherailroadsandthehighwaysshapedtheAmericanWestinthepastcenturiesanewelectricalgenerating发电andtransmission输送systemforthe21stcenturywillleavealastingmarkontheWestforbetterorworsE.Muchoftherealsignificanceofrailroadsandhighwaysisnotintheirdirectphysicaleffectonthescenerybutinthewaysthattheyaffectthesurroundingcommunity.ThesameistrueofbigsolarplantsandthepowerlinesthatwillbelaiddowntomoveelectricityarounD.The19thcenturysawlandgrants政府拨地offeredtorailroadcompaniestobuildthetranscontinentalrailroadsleavingpubliclandinbetweenprivatelyownedlanD.InmuchoftheWestsomeoftherailroadsectionsweredevelopedwhileothersremainedundevelopedandinbothcasesthelandownershiphaspresenteduniquechallengestolandmanagement.WiththecompletionoftheinterstatehighwaysystemmanyofthesmalltownswhichsprangupasrailwaystopsanddevelopedwellhavelosttheirlifebloodanddieD.BigsolarplantsandtheirpowerlineswillalsohaveeffectsfarbeyondtheirdirectfootprintintheWest.Thisisnotanargumentagainstbuildingthem.Weneedalternativeenergybadlyandtoreallytakeadvantageofitweneedtobeabletomoveelectricityaroundfarmorereadilythanwecannow.Sotrade-offswillhavetobemadE.SomescenicspotswillbesacrificeD.Somespecies物种willbeforcedtomoveorwillbecarefullymovedtospecialaccommodations.Dealswillbestrucktoreducetheimmediateeffects.Thelastingeffectsofthesetrade-offsareanothermatter.The21stcenturydevelopmentoftheAmericanWestasanidealplaceforalternativeenergyisgoingtothrowoffalotofpowerandmoneyintheregion.TherearechancesforthatpowerandmoneytodoalotofgooD.Butitisjustaslikelythattheywillbespentwastefullyandwillleavenewproblemsbehindjustliketherailroadsandthehighways.Themoneysetasideinnegotiatedtrade-offsandtheinstitutionsthatcontrolitwillshapetheWestfarbeyondtheimmediatefootprintofpowerplantsandtransmissionlines.Solet’sremembertheeffectsoftherailroadsandthehighwaysasweconstructthesenewpowerplantsintheWest.68.Whatwastheproblemcausedbytheconstructionoftherailways?A.SmalltownsalongtherailwaysbecameabandoneD.B.LandintheWestwashardtomanagE.C.SomerailroadstopsremainedunderuseD.D.Landgrantswentintoprivatehands.69.Whatisthemajorconcerninthedevelopmentofalternativeenergyaccordingtothelasttwoparagraphs?A.Theuseofmoneyandpower.B.Thetransmissionofpower.C.Theconservationofsolarenergy.D.TheselectionofanidealplacE.70.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsbuildingsolarplants?A.Disapproving.B.Approving.C.Doubtful.D.Cautious.71.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowtheRailwaysHaveAffectedtheWestB.HowtheEffectsofPowerPlantsCanBeReducedC.HowSolarEnergyCouldReshapetheWestD.HowtheProblemsoftheHighwaysHaveBeenSettled
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Stormsbroughtatornadoand2-mch-thinhail冰雹toWyomingonThursdayadayafterthunderstormshitpartsofWyomingandColoradowithgolfball-sizedhailandheavyrain.ThreehomeswereheavilydamagedbythetornadoonThursdayand10to12otherbuildingsalsohaddamage.Onepersonwastreatedatahospitalforacutonthehead.Somepowerlineswerealsodowntotheground.ThetornadotoucheddownbrieflynearWheatlandnorthofCheyenneinapopulatedareaofficialssaid.HailthesizeofgolfballswasreportedintheWheatlandareaand2-inch-thinhailwasreportedinLaramie.Forecasterssaidthunderstormsthatcanspawntornadoescoulddevelopandfloodingwaspossible.Citizensshouldbecareful.AfirewhichisbelievedtohavebeenstartedbylightningonSundaynighthasburnedabout3500acresabout20milesnorthwestofWheatland.About120firefightersaidedbyhelicoptersandairtankerswereonthescene.Therainprovidedsomehelpforfirefighterswhofullycontrolleda227-acrewildfireinnorthernColoradobuttheweatherinthebeginninghurteffortstocontrola6000-acreblaze火焰inWyoming'sMedicineBowNationalForest.StormspassedclosetotheWyomingfirebutmostlybroughtwindsthatfannedtheflames.Rainandhailfelllaterbutdidn'tmakeabigdifferencesaidfirespokeswomanBethHermanson.KyleFredinworkingfortheNationalWeatherServiceinDenversaidthebeginningofJuneisthepeaktimeforsuchsevereweatherinColorado.Mostofthestatehasbeenexperiencingmoderate-to-extremedroughtconditions.60.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordspawninParagraph2mean.A.CauseB.InvolveC.TolerateD.Reject61.Fromthetextwecanlearnthewildfireabout20milesnorthwestofWheatland____.A.hasbeenburningforawholeweekB.wasstartedbysomeoneonpurposeC.diedoutimmediatelytheraincameD.wasveryhardforfirefighterstocontrol62.Theweatherhurteffortstocontrola6000-acreblazebecause____.A.stormsdidn'tpassclosetotheWyomingfireB.heavywindsstoppedfirefightersfromworkingC.rainandhailstoppedfirefightersfromworkingD.theflamesbecameworseafterthestormsbroughtwinds63.AccordingtowhatKyleFredinsaidwecaninferthat_____.A.ColoradohasneverexperiencedsuchsevereweatherbeforeB.it'snotstrangethatastormhitColoradoatthebeginningofJuneC.moderate-to-extremedroughtconditionsoftenleadtothunderstormsD.Coloradowillbefrequentlyhitbysevereweatherinthefollowingmonths
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Thecheetah猎豹isbestknownforbeingtheworld’sfastestlandanimalreachingspeedsofjustover110kphforshortperiodoftimE.Howevermanypeopleknowlittleelseaboutthiswonderfulanimal.ThewordcheetahprobablycomesfromaHindiwordspottedanimal.Itisverysimilartoothercatsbutalsohassomeobviousdifferences.Itsbodyismuchleanerthanmostcatsandithasmuchlongerlegs.Peoplesometimesmakeacheetahaleopard美洲豹becausetheybothhavespotsbutinfacttheyareverydifferent.A.leopardisfarheavierandmorepowerfulbutalsomuchslower.Thecheetah’sspotscovermostofitsbodyexceptforitsstomachandthroat.Thecheetah’stailhasspotsandthesebecomeringsattheendofthetail.Anadultcheetahweighsbetween35-65kilogramsandisabout80centimetershighattheshoulder.Thecheetah’sheadisquitesmallandtheeyesarequitehighup.A.blacklinerunsfromeacheyedowntoitsmouthandmakesitlookalittlesaD.Ithashighshouldersthathelpittowalksogracefully.Cheetahsareveryfastbuttheyarenotverystrong.TheyarenotgoodfightersandwillrunawayratherthanfightanotheranimaltoprotecttheirfooD.IftheymakeakillitissometimestakenawayfromthembystrongeranimalssuchaslionsandleoparD.TheseanimalswillkilltheiryoungiftheygetthechancE.Thecheetahisnotathreattohumansatall.Itwillnotattackhumansandpreferstostayawayfromoccupiedareas.68.Manypeopleknowthatthecheetah________A.isafastrunnerB.runsfasterthananyotheranimalonlandC.runsasfastasitcanD.isveryfastforperiodsoftime69.Thecheetah________A.hasspotsalloveritsbodyincludingitstailB.hasspotsonitsstomachandthroatC.doesnothavespotsonitsstomachandthroatD.hasspotseverywhereexceptforitsstomachandthroat70.Cheetahswillnotfightanotheranimaltoprotecttheirfoodbecause_______A.theycanquicklyrunawayB.theyareveryfastrunnersC.TheywanttoprotecttheiryoungD.Theyarepoorfighters
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Honeybeescandothreekindsofjobs.ThehoneybeeisoneofthemostunusualinsectsintheworlD.Beesarespecialbecausetheydivideuptheirwork.Eachbeehasacertainjobtodo.Thebusiestbeeistheworker.WorkersbuildthenestcalledahivE.Insidethehiveworkersmakeahoneycombfromwax蜂蜡.TheystorehoneythereforfooD.WorkersarealwayscleaningandfixingthehivE.TheyevenstandattheopeningandfantheirwingstocoolthehivE.Workerbeeswillattackanything—evenpeople—tokeeptheirhivesafE.Anotherkindofbeeisthedrone雄蜂.Dronesaremalebeesandtheirjobistoflywiththequeenbeeandmatewithher.Afterthequeenmatestheworkerbeesdrivethedronesaway.Thedronesthenstarvetodeath.Thethirdkindofbeeisthequeen.Eachhiveneedsonlyonequeenandherjobislayingeggs.Shecanlayasmanyas2000eggsaday.64.Thebee’snestiscalleda_______.A.dronE.B.honeycomB.C.hivE.D.wax.65.Waxisusedtomakethe_______.A.nest.B.honeycomB.C.fan.D.hivE.66.Whichjobsdoworkersdo?A.Theylay2000eggseachdayandbuildanest.B.TheymatewiththequeenbeeandthenstarvE.C.Theycleanthehiveandkeepitcool.D.TheyattackthequeenbeE.67.Accordingtothestorybees_______.A.areverydangerousinsects.B.willattackanythingoranyonetoprotectthehiveifnecessary.C.arelikeanyotherinsectthatflies.D.eateachotherasfooD.
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WiththeTeslaRoadsterandotherplugin插入式electricvehicleshittingtheroaddemandisgrowingforaccessiblerefuelingpointstorechargethem.CarbonDayAutomotiveaChicagobasedcompanyhasnowdemonstratedasolarpoweredrechargingpointknownastheSolarPlugInStationwhichletsmotoristseasilychargetheircarsusingelectricitythathasbeenproducedwithoutanyenvironmentaldamagE.TheSolarPlugInStationhasgoneonshowinChicagoaspartofthecity’sbidtohostthe2016OlympicGames.AccordingtoCarbonDayAutomotivetheSolarPlugInStationonshowinChicagoispartofthevitalinfrastructure基础设施requiredforelectricvehiclesinChicagoandwasthefocusofarecentvisitbytheInternationalOlympicCommitteE.Thesesolarpoweredelectricitypointswillbeuseddailytofuelthecity’selectricvehicleswithpowerfromthesun.ByproducingtheelectricityfrompollutionfreesolarcelltheCO2emissionsarereducedtozero.SolarenergyandelectricvehiclesareapartnershipthatisonemoresteptoreducingourdependenceonforeignoilsaysRichardLowenthalCEOofCoulombTechnologies.CoulombTechnologiesrecentlydevelopedthecomponents部件requiredforindividualrechargingstationsmarketedasChargePointNetworkedChargingStations.CarbonDayAutomotiveistheMidwestdistributorfortheChargePointstations.TheSolarPlugInStationconsistsofgiantsolarpanels电池板thatshadethetinyChargePointNetworkedChargingStation.Thesolarpanelisconnectedtoanundergroundbatterypackreadyforeverydayrefueling.WithoutthesestationsitwouldbelikedrivingaroundinatraditionalcarwithouttheavailabilityofgasstationssaysScottEmalfarbCEOatCarbonDay.Thedayoftruepluginelectricvehicleswillbeheresoonerthanmostpeoplerealizeandtheworldneedstobereadytoaccommodatethem.66.TheSolarPlugInStationisusedaspartofthebidtohosttheOlympicsmainlybecause________.A.it’senvironmentallyfriendlyB.itmakesupforthelackofelectricityC.it’sanewideaandattractspeople’sattentionD.itbringsconveniencetoelectricvehicleusers67.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A.torechargetheelectricvehiclestakesalongtimeB.theSolarPlugInStationwillcomeintousein2016C.theSolarPlugInStationhasgoneonshowinternationallyD.Chicagoispromotingtheuseofelectricvehicles68.AccordingtothepassagehowmanyofthefollowingstatementsareTRUE?A.TeslaRoadsterisakindofpluginelectricvehiclE.B.TheSolarPlugInStationusessolarpowertochargeallofthecars.C.Chicagoisacitywhichisrichinoil.D.TheSolarPlugInStationconsistsofundergroundbatterypacks.E.ScottEmalfarbisoptimisticaboutthefutureofpluginelectricvehicles.A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.69.ThepassageimpliesthatwhentheSolarPlugInStationbecomespopular________.A.morevisitorswillcometoChicagoB.thecitizensofChicagowillbeabletogotoworkfasterC.morespaceforelectricvehicleswillbeneededD.thecostofelectricvehicleswillbelowerthantraditionalcars70.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ChicagoWillSoonBeFullofElectricVehiclesB.ChicagoCallsonPeopletoBuyElectricVehiclesC.ChicagoFightsforItsBidtoHostthe2016OlympicsD.ChicagoShowsItsSolarpoweredRechargingStations
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Everyonehasgottwopersonalities—theonethatisshowntotheworldandtheotherthatissecretandreal.Youdon'tshowyoursecretpersonalitywhenyou'reawakebecauseyoucancontrolyourbehaviourbutwhenyou'reasleepyoursleepingpositionshowstherealyou.Inanormalnightofcoursepeoplefrequentlychangetheirposition.Theimportantpositionistheonethatyougotosleepin.Ifyougotosleeponyourbackyou'reaveryopenperson.Younormallytrustpeopleandyouareeasilyinfluencedbyfashionornewideas.Youdon'tliketoupsetpeoplesoyouneverexpressyourrealfeelings.You'requiteshyandyouaren'tveryconfident.Ifyousleeponyourstomachyouarearathersecretive不坦率的person.Youworryalotandyou'realwayseasilyupset.You'reverystubborn顽固的butyouaren'tveryambitious.Youusuallylivefortodaynotfortomorrow.ThismeansthatyouenjoyhavingagoodtimE.Ifyousleepcurledup卷曲youareprobablyaverynervousperson.Youhavealowopinionofyourselfandsoyou'reoftendefensivE.You'reshyandyoudon'tnormallylikemeetingpeoplE.Youprefertobeonyourown.You'reeasilyhurt.Ifyousleeponyoursideyouhaveusuallygotawell-balancedpersonality.Youknowyourstrengthsandweaknesses.You'reusuallycareful.Youhaveaconfidentpersonality.Yousometimesfeelanxiousbutyoudon'toftengetdepresseD.YoualwayssaywhatyouthinkevenifitannoyspeoplE.61.Accordingtothewriteryounaturallyshowyoursecretandrealpersonality_______.A.onlyinanormalnightB.onlywhenyouaresleepingC.onlywhenyourefusetoshowyourselftotheworldD.onlywhenyouchangesleepingposition62.WhichisNOTmentionedinthesecondparagraphaboutaperson'spersonalityA.Heorsheisalwaysopenwithothers.B.Heorshealwayslikesnewideasearlierthanothers.C.Heorsheisalwayseasilyupset.D.Heorshetendstobelieveinothers.63.PointoutwhichsentenceisusedtoshowthepersonalityofapersonwhoisusedtosleepingonhisorherstomachA.Heorsheiscarefulnottooffendothers.B.Heorshedoesn'twanttosticktohisorheropinion.C.Heorshemaynotbesuccessfulinanybusiness.D.Heorshelikestobringothershappiness.64.Maybeyoudon'twanttomakefriendswithapersonwhosleepscurledup.WhyA.Heorshewouldratherbealonethancommunicatewithyou.B.Heorsheisrarelyreadytohelpyou.C.Heorsheprefersstayingathometogoingout.D.Heorshewouldn'tliketogethelpfromyou.65.Itappearsthatthewritertendstothinkhighlyofthepersonwhosleepsononesidebecause__________.A.heorshealwaysshowssympathyforpeopleB.heorsheisconfidentbutnotstubbornC.heorshehasmorestrengthsthanweaknessesD.heorsheoftenconsidersannoyingpeople
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FouroutoffiveparentsworrythattheirchildrenwillbecomeaddictedtoFacebookaccordingtoastudy.EightypercentbelievesocialnetworkingsitessuchasFacebookandTwitterhavetheabilitytotakeovertheirchildren’slives.OneinthreeparentsmeanwhilebelievetheInternethasthepowertorewirebrains改装大脑withoutaperson’sknowledgeandthinktheirchildrenareindangeroftheweB.Theextraordinaryfindingscomefromapollof1000parentscarriedoutbytheNominetTrustanorganizationthatpromotedInternetprojectswhichaddresssocialdisadvantages.HoweverNominetsaidtheirfindingsflyinthefaceofneurological神经学上的evidencE.TheTrustworkedwithneuroscienceandeducationexpertDr.PaulHowardJoneswhoanalysedresearchesontheInternetandsociety.Thereport—TheImpactofDigitalTechnologiesonHumanWell-being—concludedthatthereisnoneurologicalevidencetosuggestthattheInternetismoreeffectiveatrewiringourbrainsthanotherenvironmentalinfluences.ItalsofoundthattheInternetisavaluablelearningresourceandallformsoflearningcausechangeswithinthebrain.TherehavebeenreportsthattheuseoftheInternetwithitsvastresourcesofinformationischangingthewaypeoplethinkandaffectingtheirabilitytoconcentratE.ButNominetsaidthat’sscaremongering危言耸听andthemisinformationabouttheInternetusecanpotentiallydeny否定itsbenefitstopeopleinparticularparentswhoareworriedabouttheeffectsontheirchildren’sdevelopment.Thereportalsofoundthatsocialnetworkingsitesinthemselvesarenotaspecialsourceofrisktochildrenandaregenerallybeneficialastheysupportexistingfriendships.Inadditionplayingactionvideogamescanimprovesomevisualprocessingandmotorresponseskillswhilecomputer-basedactivityprovidesmentalstimulationandcanhelpslowratesofcognitivedeclinE.61.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.FourinfiveparentsfeartheirchildrenwillbecomeFacebookaddicts.B.SocialnetworkingsitesmakepeoplemoresociablE.C.MoreandmorechildrenwillbecomeaddictedtoFacebook.D.TheInternethasthepowertorewiringbrains.62.WhatdoestheunderlinedphraseflyinthefaceofinParagraphfourprobablymean?A.Goagainst.B.Havealotincommonwith.C.Besimilarto.D.Havesomethingtodowith.63.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_______.A.socialnetworkingsitessuchasFacebookandTwitterwillrewirechildren’sbrainsB.Dr.PaulHowardJonesisamemberoftheNominetTrustC.Dr.PaulHowardJonesthinkstheInternetisusefulandbeneficialD.thestudysurveyedapollof1000children64.AccordingtothepassagethestudycarriedbytheNominetTrustshowedthat_______.A.oneinthreeparentsbelievesFacebookhastheabilitytotakeovertheirchildren’slivesB.theInternetismoreeffectiveatrewiringourbrainsthanotherenvironmentalinfluencesC.fouroutoffiveparentsthinktheirchildrenareindangerofthewebD.eightypercentofparentsworrythattheirchildrenwillbecomeaddictedtoFacebook65.Thelastparagraphmainlytellspeople_______.A.playingactionvideogamescanimprovesomevisualprocessingandmotorresponseskillsB.theInternetinitselfisnotadangertochildrenbutgenerallybeneficialC.socialnetworkingsitesinthemselvessupportexistingfriendshipsD.computer-basedactivityprovidesmentalstimulationandcanhelpslowratesofcognitivedecline
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AlltheoceansoftheworldwillbedeadinthefutureunlessactionistakenatoncE.Howcanthishappen?WehavealreadyseenthatpeopleallowallsortsofwasteproductstoflowintotheseA.Itisalmostimpossibletomeasurehowmuchwastewaterandindustrialwasteinouroceansbutwecanfindouthowmuchoilispouredintothemlegallyandillegally.Itisillegaltopouroilintotheseaclosetotheshorebutwhenashipismanymilesouttoseatherearenosuchrules.ScientistshavedifferentideasastotheamountofoilputtingintotheseabutthelowestfigureforoilpouredinEuropeanwatersaloneisnearly200000tonseveryyear.Somepeoplesaythefigurecouldbetentimesashigh.Itisnotonlyourcoaststhatsufferfromoilpollution.Manyshellfishforexamplenowhavehighamountsofpoisonoussubstances物质.Nexttimeyouhaveshellfishtoeathowcanyoubesurethattheyarefreefromoilpollution?Youcannotseetheeffectsandyoucannottastethemeither.Itisreallyquiteaproblem.51.Thispassageismainlyabout_________________.A.pollutionintheoceansB.oilpollutioninthewatersC.theamountsofpoisoninshellfishD.theamountsofoilinthesea52.Accordingtothepassagewhatisthemaincauseofoilpollution?A.Oilshipswhichmeetandstrikeeachother.B.Oilpouredatseawhentheoiltanksarecleanedout.C.OilfromwastewaterandindustrialwastE.D.OilcomingoutofthebottomoftheseA.53.Whichofthefollowingisillegalaccordingtothepassage?A.PouringoilintotheseafromlandespeciallywhenthereisnootherchoicE.B.PouringoilatseasidE.C.Allowingwastematerialstoflowintothewaters.D.Goingfishingwhenthewaterispollutedbyoil.54.AccordingtothepassagewhichoneisTRUE?A.Theamountofoilputintotheseaisnearly2000000tonsintheglobE.B.Everyyearthefigureforoilpouredintheoceanis1000000tonsinEuropE.C.Somepeoplethinkthefigureforoilpouredisestimatedtoolow.D.Thehighestamountofoilputintotheoceansreaches1000000tonsinglobE.55.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisWRONGaccordingtothepassage?A.Thewaterbodyoftheearthwillbedeadbytheyear2010withoutanyeffectivemeasurE.B.AlltheOceansintheworldarepollutedbyoil.C.It'spossiblethatallthecreaturesintheseawilldieoutifnoactionistaken.D.Somekindsofthelivingthingsinwatershavebeenpoisonedandwemustbecarefulofthem.
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Self-employedprivatephysicianswhochargeafeeforeachpatientvisitarethefoundationofmedicalpracticeintheUnitedStates.Mostphysicianshaveacontractrelationshipwithoneormorehospitalsinthecommunity.Theysendtheirpatientstothishospitalwhichusuallychargespatientsaccordingtothenumberofdaystheystayandthefacilitiesoperatingroomtestsmedicinesthattheyuse.Somehospitalsbelongtoacityastateorinthecaseofveteran'shospitalsafederalgovernmentagency.Othersareoperatedbyreligiousorders教会orothernon-profitgroups.Somemedicaldoctorsareonsalary.Salariedphysiciansmayworkashospitalstaffmembersorresidentswhoareoftenstillintraining.Theymayteachinmedicalschoolsbehiredbycorporationstocarefortheirworkersorworkforthefederalgovernment’sPublicHealthServicE.PhysiciansareamongthebestpaidprofessionalsintheUnitedStates.Inthe1980sitwasnotuncommonformedicaldoctorstoearnincomesofmorethan$100000ayear.Specialistsparticularlysurgeonsmightearnseveraltimesthatamount.Physicianslistmanyreasonswhytheydeservetobesowellrewardedfortheirwork.OnereasonisthelongandexpensivepreparationrequiredtobecomeaphysicianintheUnitedStates.Mostwould-bephysiciansfirstattendcollegeforfouryearswhichcancostnearly$20000ayearatoneofthebestprivateinstitutions.Prospectivephysiciansthenattendmedicalschoolforfouryears.Tuitionalonecanexceed$10000ayear.Bythetimetheyhaveobtainedtheirmedicaldegreesmanyyoungphysiciansaredeeplyindebt.Theystillfacethreetofiveyearsofresidency实习阶段inahospitalthefirstyearasanapprenticephysician.Thehoursarelongandthepayisrelativelylow.Settingupamedicalpracticeisexpensivetoo.Sometimesseveralphysicianswilldecidetoestablishagrouppracticesotheycansharetheexpenseofmaintaininganofficeandbuyingequipment.Thesephysiciansalsotakecareofeachother’spatientsinemergencies.Physiciansworklonghoursandmustacceptagreatdealofresponsibility.Manymedicalproceduresevenquiteroutineonesinvolverisk.Itisunderstandablethatphysicianswanttobewellrewardedformakingdecisionswhichcanmeanthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.56.AccordingtothepassageitisveryunlikelythatanAmericanhospitalisownedby______.A.achurchB.acorporationC.acityD.astate57.Theexpensesforbecomingadoctorarespenton_______.A.schoolingandretrainingB.practiceinahospitalC.facilitiesheorsheusesD.educationheorshereceives58.Accordingtothepassagehowlongdoesittakeforawould-bephysiciantobecomeanindependentphysicianintheUSA?A.Aboutsevenyear.B.Eightyears.C.Tenyears.D.Abouttwelveyears.59.Sometimesseveralphysicianssetupagroupmedicalpracticemainlybecause_______.A.therearesomanypatientsthatitisdifficultforonephysiciantotakecareallofthemB.theycantaketurnstoworklonghoursC.facilitiesmaybetoomuchofaburdenforonephysiciantoshoulderD.noonewantstoassumetoomuchresponsibility60.Whichofthefollowingstatementscouldfullyexpresstheauthor’sviewtowardsphysicians’paymentintheUSA?A.Fortheirexpensiveeducationandtheirresponsibilitytheydeserveahandsomepay.B.Itisreasonableforphysicianstohavealargeincomebecausetheirworkisverydangerous.C.Physiciansshouldbebetterpaidbecausetheyworklonghoursunderbadconditions.D.PhysicianshavegreatresponsibilitysoitisunderstandablethattheyshouldbewellrewardeD.
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Haveyoueverhadthestrangefeelingthatyouwerebeingwatched?Youturnedaroundandsureenoughsomeonewaslookingrightatyou!Parapsychologists灵学家saythathumanshaveanaturalabilitytosensewhensomeoneislookingatthem.ToresearchwhethersuchasixthsensereallyexistsRobertBakerapsychologistattheUniversityofKentuckyperformedtwoexperiments.InthefirstoneBakersatbehindunknowingpeopleinpublicplacesandstaredatthebacksoftheirheadsfor5to15minutes.Thesubjects受试者wereeatingdrinkingreadingstudyingwatchingTVorworkingatacomputer.Bakermadesurethatthepeoplecouldnottellthathewassittingbehindthemduringthoseperiods.Laterwhenhequestionedthesubjectsalmostallofthemsaidtheyhadnosensethatsomeonewasstaringatthem.ForthesecondexperimentBakertoldthesubjectsthattheywouldbestaredatfromtimetotimefrombehindatwo-waymirrorinalaboratorysetting.Thepeoplehadtowritedownwhentheyfelttheywerebeingstaredatandwhentheyweren’t.Bakerfoundthatthesubjectswerenobetterattellingwhentheywerestaredatandwhentheyweren’t.BakerfoundthatthesubjectswerenobetterattellingwhentheywerestaredatthaniftheyhadjustguesseD.Bakerconcludesthatpeopledonothavetheabilitytosensewhenthey’rebeingstaredat.IfpeopledoubttheoutcomeofhistwoexperimentssaidBakerIsuggesttheyrepeattheexperimentsandseeforthemselves.67.Thepurposeofthetwoexperimentsisto______.A.explainwhenpeoplecanhaveasixthsenseB.showhowpeopleactwhilebeingwatchedinthelabC.studywhetherhumanscansensewhentheyarestaredatD.provewhyhumanshaveasixthsense68.Inthefirstexperimentthesubjects______.A.werenottoldthattheywouldbestaredatB.losttheirsensewhentheywerestaredatC.werenotsurewhentheywouldbestaredatD.wereuncomfortablewhentheywerestaredat69.TheunderlinedwordoutcomeinthelastparagraphmostprobablymeansA.valueB.resultC.performanceD.connection70.Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A.PeoplearebornwithasixthsensE.B.Theexperimentssupportparapsychologists’ideA.C.Thesubjectsdonothaveasixthsenseintheexperiments.D.Peoplehaveasixthsenseinpublicplaces.
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AsimplepieceofclotheslinehangsbetweensomeenvironmentallyfriendlyAmericansandtheirneighbors.Ononesidestandthosewhoseeclothesdryers干衣机asawasteofenergyandamajorpolluteroftheenvironment.Asaresulttheyareturningtoclotheslinesaspartofthewhat-I–candoenvironmentalism环境保护主义.Ontheothersidearepeoplewhoareagainstdryingclothesoutsidearguingthatclotheslinesareunpleasanttolookat.TheyhavepersuadedHomeownersAssociationsHOAsaccesstheU.S.tobanoutdoorclotheslinesbecauseclotheslinedryingalsotendstolowerhomevalueintheneighborhooD.ThishadledtoaRight-to-DryMovementthatiscallingforlawstobepassedtoprotectpeople’srighttouseclotheslines.SofaronlythreestateshavelawstoprotectclotheslinE.Right-to-DrysupportersarguethatthereshouldbemorE.MattReck37isthekindofeco-conscious有生态意识的personwhofeedshistreeswithbathwaterandreuseswaterdropsfromhisairconditionerstowaterplants.HisfamilyalsousesaclotheslinE.ButonJuly92007theHOAinWakeForestNorthCarolinatoldhimthatadissatisfiedneighborhadtelephonedthemabouthimclotheslinE.TheReckspaidnoattentiontothewarningandstilldriedtheirclothesonalineintheyarD.Manypeoplesaytheyareenvironmentallyfriendlybuttheydon’ttakemattersintheirownhandssaysReck.ThelocalHOAhasdecidednottotakeanyactionunlessmoreneighborscometothem.NorthCarolinalawmakersaresayingthatbanningclotheslinesisnottherightthingtodo.ButHOAsandhousingbusinessesbelievethatclotheslinedryingremindspeopleofpoorneighborhoods.Theyworrythatifbuyersthinktheirfutureneighborscan’tevenafforddryershousingpriceswillfall.EnvironmentalistssaysuchworriesarenotnecessaryandinviewofglobalwarmingthatideaneedstochangE.AstheysayTheclotheslineisbeautiful.HangingclothesoutsideshouldbeencourageD.Weallhavetodoatleastsomethingtoslowdowntheprocessofglobalwarming.8.Oneofthereasonswhysupportersofclothesdryersaretryingtobanclotheslinedryingisthat____.A.clothesdryersaremoreefficientB.clotheslinedryingreduceshomevalueC.clothesdryersareenergy-savingD.clotheslinedryingisnotallowedinmostU.S.states9.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMattReck?A.Heisakind-heartedman.B.Heisanimpoliteman.C.Heisandexperiencedgardener.D.Heisamanofsocialresponsibility.10.Whoareinfavorofclotheslinedrying?A.housingbusinesses.B.Environmentalists.C.HomeownersAssociations.D.Reck’sdissatisfiedneighbors.11.Whatismainlydiscussedinthetext?A.Clotheslinedrying:awaytosaveenergyandmoney.B.Clotheslinedrying:alostartrediscovereD.C.Oppositeopinionsonclotheslinedrying.D.Differentvarietiesofclotheslines.
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Catchyourselfdaydreamingwhilewashingthedishesagain?Ifthishappensoftenyouprobablyhaveaprettycapableworkingmemoryandasharperbrainnewresearchsuggests.Thismindwanderingitseemsactuallygivesyourworkingmemoryaworkout.WorkingmemoryisthementalworkspacethatallowsthebraintojugglemultiplethoughtsatthesametimE.ThemoreworkingmemoryapersonhasthemoredaydreamingtheycandowithoutforgettingthetaskathanD.ResearchersstudiedgroupsofpeoplefromtheUniversityofWisconsin-Madisoncommunityranginginagefrom18to65.Thevolunteerswereaskedtoperformsimpletaskslikepressingabuttoneverytimetheytookabreathorclickinginresponsetoaletterpoppinguponacomputerscreen;thesetasksweresoeasythattheirmindswerelikelytowandertheresearchersfigureD.Theresearcherscheckedinperiodicallyaskingtheparticipantsiftheirmindswereontaskorwandering.Whenthetaskwasovertheymeasuredeachparticipant'sworkingmemorycapacitybyhavingthemrememberletterswhiledoingmathquestions.Thoughallparticipantsperformedwellonthetasktheresearchersnoticedthattheindividualswhoindicatedtheirmindshadwanderedmorethanothersalsoscoredhigherontheworkingmemorytest.Whatthisstudyseemstosuggestisthatwhencircumstancesforthetaskaren'tverydifficultpeoplewhohaveadditionalworkingmemoryresourcesallocatethemtothinkaboutthingsotherthanwhatthey'redoingsaidJonathanSmallwoodastudyresearcheroftheMaxPlanckInstituteforHumanCognitveandBrainSciencE.Whenourmindsrunoutofworkingmemorytheseoff-topicthoughtscantakethemainstagewithoutusconsciouslymeaningthemto;forinstancearrivingathomewithnomemoryoftheactualtriporsuddenlyrealizingthatthey'veturnedseveralpagesinabookwithoutunderstandinganyofthewords.It'salmostlikeyourattentionwassoabsorbedinthemindwanderingthattherewasn'tanyleftovertorememberyourgoaltoreadstudyresearcherDanielLevinsonsaidinastatement.Peoplewithoverallhigherworkingmemorywerebetterabletostayfocusedwhenthetaskathandrequiredit.Thosewhohadlowworkingmemoryoftenhadtheirthoughtsdriftawayfromthetaskanddidlesswellatit.Thefindingsaddtopastresearchsuggestingtheseminddriftscanbepositivemoments.Forinstancedaydreaminghasoftenbeenassociatedwithcreativity—researchersthinkthatourmostcreativeandinventivemomentscomewhendaydreaming.It'slikelythatthemostintelligentamongusalsohavehighlevelsofworkingmemoryLevinsonnoteD.40.Thewordjuggleinthesecondparagraphcanbereplacedby________.A.handleB.searchC.understandD.distribute41.WhatcanbeconcludedfromJonathanSmallwood'swords?A.Peoplewhooftenhavedaydreamsprobablyownaprettycapableworkingmemory.B.OntheworkingmemorytestpeoplewithwanderingmindswillgethighscorE.C.Absorbedinthemindwanderingyourattentionleftnospaceforyourgoal.D.Dealingwithsomeeasyjobspeoplewithhigherworkingmemorywilldaydream.42.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.MinddriftsarealwayspositivE.B.DaydreamingisgoodfortheminD.C.Creativemomentscomewithworkingmemory.D.Themoredaydreamingthemoreeffectivelyoneworks.
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Wildlifefacesthreats威胁fromhabitatdestructionpollutionandotherhumanactions.Althoughprotectingwildlifemayseemtoohardattimesevensmallactionsinyourownneighborhoodcanhelpprotectmanydifferentanimals.Herearesometipsonhowtoprotectwildlifethroughsmallactions.1.CreatewildlifefriendlyareasinyourbackyarD.WhentryingtomakeyourgardenmorebeautifulyoucanchooseplantsthatcanprovidefoodandsheltertonativewildlifE.Thiswillalsohelpcutdownonpollution.Andbirdorbathousestoyouryardorgardentoattractandshelterthesespecies.2.Avoidharmingthenaturalecosystem生态系统inyourareA.SomeplantsfromotherplacescankillorharmnativeplantsthatprovidefoodandshelterforwildlifE.3.HaveagreenerlifestylE.Byusinglesswaterandfewerfuelsyouwillbehelpingtoprotectthewildlifearoundyou.Takebusesorthesubwaywhenyoucanturnoffelectricdeviceswhenyou'renotusingthemtakeshortershowersandkeepyourroomtemperatureatorbelow68degreesduringthewinter.4.Buyproductsthatarewildlifefriendly.Don'tbuyproductsthataremadefromendangeredanimals.Keepinmindthatsomeendangeredanimalsarekilledbytrapscatchesorhunterswhoareafterotherwildlifewithinthesamehabitat.5.Donatemoneyortimetoorganizationsthatprotectwildlifeandtheirhabitats.YoucangivemoneytoorganizationsorgroupsthatprotectwildlifespeciesinyourneighborhooD.53.Weinferthatthepurposeofthispassageisto________.A.telluswhyprotectingwildlifeisextremelyimportantnowB.suggestthatweprotectwildlifethroughactionsC.explainwhyprotectingwildlifeisnotashardaspeoplethinkD.giveussometipsonhowtoprotectwildlifethroughsmallactions54.WhichofthefollowingthreatstowildlifeisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A.Animaldiseases.B.Lossofhabitat.C.Pollution.D.Hunters.55.Inwhichsectionofanewspaperwouldyoumostprobablyreadthispassage?A.EnvironmentB.TeachingC.BusinessD.Geography
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Whenwethinkaboutpeoplewhoareleadersweoftengetamentalpictureofsomeonewhoisoldersmarterandwiserthanourselves.StudiesofleadershipthoughhaveusuallyfoundthatthereisalmostnorelationshipbetweenskillasaleaderandtraditionalmeasuresofintelligencE.SomerecentresearchbypsychologistRedFiedleandhiscolleaguessuggeststhatbothintelligenceandexperiencemaybeimportant—butjustnowhowimportantdependsuponhowstressfultheworksituationisandwhatkindoftaskistobeaccomplisheD.Theresearchersobtainedmeasuresofintelligenceexperienceperformanceandstress.Overallthesevariablesdidnotrelatetooneanother.Menwithhighandlowintelligencewereequallylikelytogivegoodperformanceasweremenwithmoreandlessexperienceormoreandlessstresswiththeirbosses.Whenyoulookseparatelyatthosemenwhohavehighstresswiththeirbosseshoweverthepicturechanges.InhighstresssituationstherewasnoconnectionbetweenintelligenceandperformancebuttherewasbetweenexperienceandperformancE.Inotherwordsindifficultsituationsitwashelpfultoknowtheropes.InlowstresssituationsthefindingswerejusttheoppositE.Experiencewasnotrelatedtogoodperformancebutintelligencewas.Thatiswhenthingsaregoingwellintelligenceisveryusefulinleadership.Astudyoffirefighters’performanceunderhighandlowstressconditionsalsofoundtheexperiencedofficersperformedbestundersituationsofstress.Noneofthisisreallyverysurprising.Ifyouhaveeverhadasupervisoryjobyouprobablyfoundthatatleastasmuchenergywentintodealingwithpeopleaswentintomanagingthejobitself.Testsofintelligence—atleasttheoneswehavenow—donotpredictsuccessindealingwithpeoplE.55.Whatkindofpeoplecandothebestjobinstresssituation?A.intelligentpeopleB.experiencedpeopleC.calmpeopleD.skilledpeople56.Inthesecondsentenceofthefourthparagraphtoknowtheropesmostprobablymeans.A.tounderstandthesituationB.tocontrolthesituationC.togetridofthesituationD.tomakesurewhattodoaboutthesituation57.Inthethirdsentenceofthelastparagraphasupervisoryjobrefersto.A.amanagementjobB.anadvisoryjobC.ateachingjobD.anorganizingjob58.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.InstresssituationstherearenoassociationbetweenexperienceandperformancE.B.SomerecentresearchsuggeststhatmostleadersarelackofintelligencE.C.Inlowstresssituationsintelligenceplaysanimportantroleinleadership.D.GenerallyspeakingleadersarelikelytobeclevererthanordinarypeoplE.
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About1966orsoaNASA美国宇航局teamdoingworkfortheApollomoonmission阿波罗登月计划tooktheastronautsnearTubaCity.TherethelandoftheNavajoReservationlooksverymuchlikethelunarsurfacE.Amongallthetrucksandlargevehiclesweretwolargefiguresthatweredressedinfulllunarspacesuits.NearbyaNavajoshepherd牧羊人andhissonwerewatchingthestrangecreatureswalkaboutoccasionallybeingwatchedoverbyotherNASAworkers.ThetwoNavajopeoplewerenoticedandapproachedbytheNASApeoplE.SincetheshepherdandhissondidnotknowEnglishtheyaskedtheNASApeoplewhothestrangecreatureswerE.TheNASApeopletoldthemthattheywerejustmenthatweregettingreadytogotothemoon.Theshepherdbecameveryexcitedandaskedifhecouldsendamessagetothemoonwiththeastronauts.TheNASAofficialsthoughtthiswasagreatideasotheyprovidedataperecorder.AfterthemangavethemhismessagetheyaskedhissontotranslatE.Hissonwouldnot.LatertheytriedafewmorepeopleontheNavajoReservationtotranslateandeverypersontheyaskedwouldchuckle偷偷地笑andthenrefusetotranslatE.FinallywithcashinhandsomeonetranslatedthemessageWatchoutfortheseguystheyhavecometotakeyourland!56.TheappearanceoftheNavajoReservationisverysimilartothatof________.A.theTubaCityB.themoonC.theNASAresearchcenterD.theApollomoonmission57.WhentheolderNavajoheardthatthemeninfrontofhimweregoingtothemoonhe________.A.feltfrightenedandranawayquicklyB.chattedexcitedlywiththeNASAworkersC.gotonthemoderntrucksandlargevehiclesforfunD.triedtosaysomethingtothemooncreatures58.Thesondidnottranslatethewordshisfathersaidbecause________.A.hehadtroubleinunderstandinghisfatherB.thewordshisfatherusedweretoodifficulttobetranslatedC.hisfatherwassendingawarningagainsttheNASApeopleD.hebelievedthattheNASAworkerscouldunderstandtheirlanguage59.Accordingtothispassagewecanknowthattheshepherdwas________.A.patientandbraveB.foolishandimpoliteC.humorousandintelligentD.knowledgeableandtalkative
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Ifyouhaven’theardorseenanythingaboutRoadRageinthelastfewmonthsyou’veprobablybeenavoidingthemediA.Therehavebeencountlessstoriesaboutthisnewandscaryphenomenonconsideredatypeofaggressivedriving.YouhavemostlikelyencounteredaggressivedrivingorRoadRagerecentlyifyoudriveatall.Whiledrunkdrivingremainsacriticalproblemthefactsaboutaggressivedrivingaresurelyasdisturbing.ForinstanceaccordingtotheNationalHighwayTransportationSafetyAssociation41907peoplediedonthehighwaylastyear.Ofthosedeathstheagencyestimatesthatabouttwo-thirdswerecausedatleastinpartbyaggressivedrivingbehavior.Whyisthisphenomenonoccurringmorethanevernowandwhyisitsomethingthatseemedalmostnonexistentafewshortyearsago?Expertshaveseveraltheoriesandallareprobablypartiallycorrect.Onesuggestionissheerovercrowding.Inthelastdecadethenumberofcarsontheroadshasincreasedbymorethan11percentandthenumberofmilesdrivenhasincreasedby35percent.Howeverthenumberofnewroadmileshasonlyincreasedby1percent.Thatmeansmorecarsinthesameamountofspace;andtheproblemismagnifiedinurbanareas.Alsopeoplehavelesstimeandmorethingstodo.Withpeopleworkingandtryingtofitextrachoresandactivitiesintothedaystresslevelshaveneverbeenhigher.Stresscreatesanxietywhichleadstoshorttempers.ThesefactorswhencombinedincertainsituationscanspellRoadRagE.YoumaythinkyouarethelastpersonwhowoulddriveaggressivelybutyoumightbesurpriseD.Forinstancehaveyoueveryelledoutloudataslowerdriversoundedthehornlongandhardatanothercarorspeduptokeepanotherdriverfrompassing?Ifyourecognizeyourselfinanyofthesesituationswatchout!Whetheryouaregettingangryatotherdriversoranotherdriverisvisiblyupsetwithyoutherearethingsyoucandotoavoidanymajorconflict.IfyouareeasilyinfluencedbyRoadRagethekeyistodischargeyouremotioninahealthyway.Ifyouarethetargetofanotherdriver’sragedoeverythingpossibletogetawayfromtheotherdriversafelyincludingavoidingeyecontactandgettingoutoftheirway.63.ThefirstsentenceinParA.1impliesthat______.A.onemaybeangeredbymediareportsandwantstoavoidthemB.themediacoinedthetermRoadRageonlyafewmonthsagoC.RoadRagehasreceivedmuchmediacoverageinthelastfewmonthsD.peoplenotinterestedinthemediaknowlittleaboutrecenthappenings64.TheunderlinedwordspellinParA.3means________.A.relieveB.causeC.spreadD.prevent65.Whichofthefollowingcharacterizesaggressivedriving?A.Talkingwhiledriving.B.DrivingathighspeeD.C.Soundingthehornwhenpassing.D.Shoutingatanotherdriver.66.Thelastparagraphisintendedto_________.A.tellpeoplehowtodealwithRoadRageB.informpeoplehowaggressivedriverscouldbeC.showpeoplehowtocontrolthemselveswhenangryD.warnpeopleagainsteyecontactwithanotherdriver
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Youmaythinkthatsailingisdifficultbutitisreallynothardtolearnit.Youdonotneedtobestrong.Butyouneedtobequick.AndyouneedtounderstandafewbasicrulesaboutthewinD.FirstyoumustaskyourselfWhereisthewindcomingfrom?Isitcomingfromaheadorbehindorfromtheside?Youmustthinkaboutthisallthetimeontheboat.Thewinddirectiontellsyouwhattodowiththesail帆.Let’sstartwiththewindblowingfrombehinD.Thismeansthewindandtheboataregoinginthesamedirection.Thenyoumustalwayskeepthesailoutsidetheboat.Itshouldbeata90°angle角度totheboat.Thenitwillcatchthewindbest.Ifthewindisblowingfromthesideitisblowingacrosstheboat.Inthiscaseyoumustkeepthesailhalfwayoutsidetheboat.Itshouldbeata45°angletotheboat.ItneedstobeoutfarenoughtocatchthewinD.butitshouldn’tflap摆动.Itshouldn’tlooklikeaflagonaflagpolE.Ifitisflappingitisprobablyouttoofarandtheboatwillslowdown.SailingintothewindisnotpossiblE.Ifyoutrythesailwillflapandtheboatwillstop.Youmaywanttogointhatdirection.Itispossiblebutyoucan’tgoinastraightlinE.Youmustgofirstinonedirectionandtheninanother.Thisiscalledtacking.Whenyouaretackingyoumustalwayskeepthesailinsidetheboat.64.Whatshouldyouconsiderfirstwhilesailing?A.Sailors’strength.B.Wavelevels.C.Winddirections.D.Sizeofsails.65.WhatdoesthewordItunderlinedinParagraph4referto?A.Thesail.B.ThewinD.C.Theboat.D.TheanglE.66.Whatdoyouhavetodowhensailingagainstthewind?A.MoveinastraightlinE.B.Allowthesailtoflap.C.Lowerthesail.D.Tacktheboat.
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SriLankaisknownasthePearloftheIndianOceananditiseasytoseewhy.Thislittlecountryneverfailstopleasevisitors.ArriveThenationalairlineisSriLankanAirlineswhichfliesfromColombotoLondonandacoupleofotherEuropeancities.Thecountry’smainairportisColomboBandaranaikelocated29kmnorthofthecapitalcity.Whynow?ThebesttimetovisitSriLanka’ssouthernbeachesisfromNovembertoApril.Sobygoingearlyintheseasonyou’llgetthebestweather.AlsoinNovemberDeepavaliknownasDiwaliortheFestivalofLightsisSriLanka’smainreligiousfestivalcelebratedthroughoutthecountry.SeeThereisplentytoseeinSriLankA.TheancientcapitalcitiesofPolonnaruwaandAnuradhapuraareworthseeingandsoaremanyoutstandingruins.Othermustseesaretherockfortress要塞ofSigiriyatoweringoverthejungleasfarastheeyecanseeandDambulla’scavetemplethecountry’slargestandbestpreserveD.BothareUNESCOWorldHeritage遗产Sites.Kandyisapicture-liketownwhichwasthelaststrongholdoftheKandyanKings.Todayitisaculturalreliccentrewhereage-oldcustomsartsandcraftsremain.DoSriLankaownsabout1600kmofbeautifulpalm-shadedbeachesaswellaswarmpureseasandcolourfulcoralreefs.Youcanexploretheunderwaterworldandsurfinganddivingareavailabletoo.AwayfromtheshorewildlifeisabigdrawforSriLankaandYalaNationalParkisoneofthebestplacesintheworldtoseewildanimalsincludingleopards豹andelephants.TasteSriLankaiscelebratedforitsexcellentfoodwithaparticularemphasisonfreshfruitandvegetablesonmenuseverywherE.Fishandseafoodareabigpartofthelocaldiet.Didyouknow?SriLankaisknownforitsteabutitisalsotheworld’slargestproducerandexporterofcinnamon肉桂.56.WhichofthefollowingisaculturalreliccentreofSriLanka?A..AnuradhapurA.B.KandyC.PolonnaruwA.D.Colombo.57.IfyouwanttoknowsomethingaboutDiwaliyou’dbettergotherein________..A.September.B.October.C.May.D.November.58.WelearnfromthepassagethatSriLanka_________..A.isinthePacificOceanB.hasonlyflightstoLondonC.istheworld’slargestproducerofteaD.isfamousforitsexcellentfood59.Theauthorwrotethearticleinorderto_______..A.introducethepicturesquelandscapeofSriLankaB.letreadersknowwhatisfamousforinSriLankaC.letpeoplegetmoretravelinformationaboutSriLankaD.makeSriLankawellknownthroughouttheworld
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Mostpeoplefeellonelysometimesbutitusuallyonlylastsbetweenafewminutesandafewhours.Thiskindoflonelinessisnotserious.Infactitisquitenormal.Forsomepeoplethoughlonelinesscanlastforyears.Nowresearcherssaytherearethreedifferenttypesofloneliness.Thefirstkindoflonelinessistemporary暂时的.ThisisthemostcommontypE.Itusuallydisappearsquicklyanddoesnotrequireanyspecialattention.Thesecondkindsituationallonelinessisanaturalresultoraparticularsituation----forexampleafamilyproblemthedeathofalovedoneormovingtoanewplacE.Althoughthiskindoflonelinesscancausephysicalproblemssuchasheadachesandsleeplessnessitusuallydoesnotlastformorethanayear.ThethirdkindoflonelinessisthemostseverE.Unlikethesecondtypechronic长期的lonelinessusuallylastmorethantwoyearsandhasnospecificcausE.Peoplewhoexperiencehabituallonelinesshaveproblemssocializingandbecomingclosetoothers.Unfortunatelymanychronicallylonepeoplethinkthereislittleornothingtheycandotoimprovetheircondition.Psychologists心理学家agreethatoneimportantfactinlonelinessisaperson’ssocialcontacts接触E.gfriendsfamilymembersco-workersetC.Wedependonvariouspeoplefordifferentreasons.Forinstanceourfamiliesgiveusemotionalsupportourparentsandteachersgiveusguidanceandourfriendssharesimilarinterestsandactivities.HoweverpsychologistshavefoundthatthoughlonepeoplemayhavemanysocialcontactstheysometimesfeeltheyshouldhavemorE.Theyquestiontheirownpopularity.Psychologistsaretryingtofindwaystohelphabituallylonelypeoplefortworeasons:theyareunhappyandunabletosocializeandthereisaconnectionbetweenchroniclonelinessandseriousillnesssuchasheartdiseasE.Whiletemporaryandsituationallonelinesscanbeanormalhealthypartoflifechroniclonelinesscanbeaverysadandsometimesdangerouscondition.56.Howwouldyoutreattemporarylonelinessaccordingtothepassage?A.TalktofriendsB.JustignoreitC.GotoseeadoctorD.Askyourteachersforguidance57.Thetopicofthe4thparagraphisthat_______________.A.lonelypeopledon’thavemanyfriendsB.lonelypeopledon’thavemanysocialproblemsC.oneproblemoflonelinessisaperson’ssocialcontactsD.wedependonvariouspeoplefordifferentreasons58.Whydopsychologistswanttohelpchronicallylonelypeople?A.ChroniclonelinesscancausefamilyproblemsB.ChroniclonelinesscancauseseriousillnessC.ChroniclonelinesscannotbeovercomeD.ABandC.areallcorrect59.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.ThreekindsofLonelinessB.LonelinessandDiseasesC.LonelinessandSocialContactsD.ChronicLoneliness
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Ifcarshadwingstheycouldflyandthatjustmighthappenbeginningin2012.ThecompanyTerrafugiabasedinWoburnMassachusettssaysitplanstodeliveritscarplanetheTransitiontocustomersbytheendof2012.It’sthenext‘wow’vehiclesaidTerrafugiavicepresidentRichardGersh.AnybodycanbuyaFerraributaswesayFerrarisdon’tfly.Thecarplanehaswingsthatunfoldforflying—aprocessthecompanysaystakesoneminute—andfoldbackupfordriving.A.runwayisstillrequiredtotakeoffandlanD.TheTransitionisbeingmarketedmoreasaplanethatdrivesthanacarthatfliesalthoughitisboth.ThecompanyhasbeenworkingwithFAAtomeetaircraftregulationsandwiththeNationalHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministrationtomeetvehiclesafetyregulations.ThecompanyisaimingtoselltheTransitiontoprivatepilotsasamoreconvenientandcheaperwaytofly.Theysayitsavesyouthetroubleoftryingtofindanothermodeoftransportationtogettoandfromairports:Youdrivethecartotheairportandthenyou’regoodtogo.WhenyoulandyoufoldupthewingsandhittheroaD.Therearenoexpensiveparkingfeesbecauseyoudon’thavetostoreitatanairport—youparkitinthegarageathomE.Thecarplaneisdesignedtoflyprimarilyunder10000feet.Ithasamaximumtakeoffweightof1430poundsincludingfuelandpassengers.TerrafugiasaystheTransitionreducesthepotentialforanaccidentbyallowingpilotstodriveunderbadweatherinsteadofflyingintomarginal临界conditions.TheTransition’spricetag:$194000.ButtheremaybeadditionalchargesforoptionslikearadiotransponderorGPS.AnotheroptionisafullplaneparachutE.IfyougetintoaveryawfulsituationitisthenecessarysafetyoptionGershsaiD.Sofarthecompanyhasmorethan70orderswithdeposits.We’reworkingverycloselywiththembuttherearestillsomeremainingstepsBrownsaiD.66.Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat________.A.peoplemightdriveacarplanein2012B.carplaneswillbepopularin2012C.bothTransitionandFerraricantakeoffandlandD.RichardGershisthevicepresidentofMassachusetts67.Ittakesthecarplaneoneminuteto________.A.foldandunfolditswingsB.meetflyingsafetyregulationsC.landintheairportD.unfoldwingsforflying68.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.ThecarplaneneedsarunwaytotakeoffandlanD.B.Thecarplanemayflyashighasnormalplanes.C.TomeetaircraftregulationsthecompanyhasbeenworkingwithFAA.D.PeoplecanparkthecarplaneinthegarageattheirhomE.69.Theunderlinedworditinthelastbutoneparagraphrefersto________.A.theradioB.thetransponderC.thefullplaneparachuteD.theGPS70.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.CarsWithWingsCanFlyAsFastAsPlaneB.WhichToChoose:A.FerrariOrA.CarPlane?C.AMoreConvenientAndCheaperWayToFlyD.CarsWithWingsMayBeJustAroundTheCorner
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Stormsbroughtatornadoand2-mch-thinhail冰雹toWyomingonThursdayadayafterthunderstormshitpartsofWyomingandColoradowithgolfball-sizedhailandheavyrain.ThreehomeswereheavilydamagedbythetornadoonThursdayand10to12otherbuildingsalsohaddamage.Onepersonwastreatedatahospitalforacutonthehead.Somepowerlineswerealsodowntotheground.ThetornadotoucheddownbrieflynearWheatlandnorthofCheyenneinapopulatedareaofficialssaid.HailthesizeofgolfballswasreportedintheWheatlandareaand2-inch-thinhailwasreportedinLaramie.Forecasterssaidthunderstormsthatcanspawntornadoescoulddevelopandfloodingwaspossible.Citizensshouldbecareful.AfirewhichisbelievedtohavebeenstartedbylightningonSundaynighthasburnedabout3500acresabout20milesnorthwestofWheatland.About120firefightersaidedbyhelicoptersandairtankerswereonthescene.Therainprovidedsomehelpforfirefighterswhofullycontrolleda227-acrewildfireinnorthernColoradobuttheweatherinthebeginninghurteffortstocontrola6000-acreblaze火焰inWyoming'sMedicineBowNationalForest.StormspassedclosetotheWyomingfirebutmostlybroughtwindsthatfannedtheflames.Rainandhailfelllaterbutdidn'tmakeabigdifferencesaidfirespokeswomanBethHermanson.KyleFredinworkingfortheNationalWeatherServiceinDenversaidthebeginningofJuneisthepeaktimeforsuchsevereweatherinColorado.Mostofthestatehasbeenexperiencingmoderate-to-extremedroughtconditions.60.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordspawninParagraph2mean.A.CauseB.InvolveC.TolerateD.Reject61.Fromthetextwecanlearnthewildfireabout20milesnorthwestofWheatland____.A.hasbeenburningforawholeweekB.wasstartedbysomeoneonpurposeC.diedoutimmediatelytheraincameD.wasveryhardforfirefighterstocontrol62.Theweatherhurteffortstocontrola6000-acreblazebecause____.A.stormsdidn'tpassclosetotheWyomingfireB.heavywindsstoppedfirefightersfromworkingC.rainandhailstoppedfirefightersfromworkingD.theflamesbecameworseafterthestormsbroughtwinds63.AccordingtowhatKyleFredinsaidwecaninferthat_____.A.ColoradohasneverexperiencedsuchsevereweatherbeforeB.it'snotstrangethatastormhitColoradoatthebeginningofJuneC.moderate-to-extremedroughtconditionsoftenleadtothunderstormsD.Coloradowillbefrequentlyhitbysevereweatherinthefollowingmonths
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Adisplayofsupernaturalexistenceorisitanalieninterference?QuestionsstillremainunansweredwhileexpertsarestillresearchingontherealreasonbehindstonesofDeathValleythatslidebythemselveswithouttheinterferenceofhumansoranimals.InthesouthwestoftheUSAliesthismysteriousvalley—popularasthehottestanddriestlocationinNorthAmericaanditconsistsofadrylakebednamedRacetrackPlaya.SailingStonesofDeathValleyareallovertheRacetrackPlayA.TheplayaaflatbedofmudwitnessesthesailingofsuchstonesonitsbrokensurfacE.Thetracksformedbythesesailingstonesareusually2.5cmdeepand4—12incheswideandlastusuallyforthreetofouryears.Thisphenomenonisamysteryandtheexactreasonisstillunderresearch.Someresearchersbelieveacombinationofnaturaleventscausethesestonestosail.ThisareaofDeathValleycangetverycoldinthewinternightscausingalayeroficetoformonthebakedsmoothsoil.Therocksaregentlypushedacrossthesurfacebytheice-coatedgroundandstrongwinds.Someresearchersquestionthistheory.Somepointtheconditionshavetobejustrightforthesestonestomoveperhapsoccurringonceeveryonetothreeyears.Theysaytherearesomeotherunknownfactors.Toaddmoretothisstrangephenomenonthesesailingstonesdon’tfollowaspecificpaththatcouldbepredictedwheniceandwindarepresent.Somestonesthatarephysicallyneareachothermaystartoutsailinginaparalleldirectionbutthenonewouldstopwhiletheotheronecontinues.OtherresearchersbelievingthatthemovementsofstonesareduetoMilkyWay.Thepositionofstarscreateamagneticstructureinawaywhichmakesthestonesslideinthevalleyjustlikethetidesinoceanswhicharesometimescausedbythegravitation万有引力pullofthemoon.Sofarthesemysteriousstonesandtheirmovementsremainunfilmedandunobservedbyhumaneyes.60.Thefirstsentenceofthepassageisto___________.A.getreadersinterestedinthesubjectB.showhowconfusedresearchersgotC.indicatetheauthor’sstrongcuriosityD.telltheresultsofresearchers’studies61.HowmanyopinionsaboutthereasonbehindSailingStonesofDeathValleyarementioned?A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.62.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Themysteryofsailingstoneshasn’tbeensolvedyet.B.SofarthepathofthesailingstonescanbepredicteD.C.DeathValleyisthehottestanddriestplaceinNorthAmericA.D.Thetracksformedbythesailingstonesusuallylast3to4years.63.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.DeathValleyB.AnAlienInterventionC.A.PuzzlingPhenomenonD.SailingStonesofDeathValley
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Forthosewhohavelonelynightsandhavetroublefallingasleepheisprovingtheidealpartner.Thisisamanwhodoesnotsnore打鼾inbeD.Andheishappytowrapacomfortingarmaroundhisdearestuntilmorningarrives.Hedoesexist.Heisthebody-shapedpillowthelatestsleepingaidfromJapan.Thispillowcomeswithoutaheadandisfilledwithfoam.It’smadebyKameoandhasabodyandaflexiblearmthatcanbecurledarounditsowner.About1000ofthepillowshavebeensoldsincetheywentonsaleinJapanlastyearandmanybuyerssaytheyarepleasedwiththeirsleepingcompanion.ThispillowmakesmefeelrelaxedbecauseIcanholdthearmandfeelsomethingwarmatmysidesaid34-year-oldradioDJJunkoSuzuki.ButaccordingtoKameothepillowismorethanjustanemotionalhelpforthosetiredofspendingthenightalonE.Anditisshapedthefirmsaystosupportitspartneronbothsidestoensureanightofgoodsleep.Theideaistocurlupinbetweenthebodyandtheflexiblearm.Theheadjustrestsonthepillow’sarmmuscles.MygrandmotherusedtosaythatthereisnomorecomfortablepillowthananotherpersonsaidthefirmpresidentTomokiKakehashi.SoIthoughtthatmaybepeoplewouldwanttosleeponapillowshapedlikeanarm.ThepillowsonsaleonlyinJapanforthemomentcost8500yenaroundUS$80eachandcomewithshirt-orshirt-shapedpillowcoversinbluepinkorgreen.68.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisn’tmentionedinthetext?A.Manybuyersaresatisfiedwiththebody-shapedpillow.B.ThepillowsaresoldonlyinJapanatpresent.C.TheinventordecidedtodevelopnewmarketintheUS.D.Theideaofbody-shapedpillowisfromwhatanoldladysaiD.69.Theunderlinedwordinparagraph3and6Kameomaybethenameof_____.A.amanagerB.thefirmC.abuyerD.anotherradioDJ70.Thepurposeofthepassageseems_____.A.tointroducethelatestsleepingaidthebody-shapedpillowB.toadvisepeopletousethebody-shapedpillowC.totellhowthebody-shapedpillowisinventedD.totellhowthebody-shapedpillowworks
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Whenaskedwhattheyhavedonetohelpprotecttheenvironmentmostpeoplewillalmostmentionrecycling.RecyclinginthehomeisveryimportantofcoursE.HoweverbeingforcedtorecycleoftenmeanswealreadyhavemorematerialthanweneeD.Wearedealingwiththeresultsofthatover–consumptioninthegreenestwaypossiblebutitwouldbefarbetterifwedidnotneedtobringsomuchmaterialhomeinthefirstplacE.Thetotalamountofpackaginghasincreasedby12%between1999and2005.Itnowmakesupathirdofatypicalhousehold’swasteintheUK.InmanysupermarketsnowadaysfooditemsarepackagedtwicewithplasticandcardboarD.Toomuchpackagingisdoingseriousdamagetotheenvironment.TheUKforexampleisrunningoutofitforburyingthisunnecessarywastE.Ifsuchpackagingisburntitgivesoffgreenhousegaseswhichgoontocausethegreenhouseeffect.Recyclinghelpsbuttheprocessitselfusesenergy.ThesolutionisnottoproducesuchitemsinthefirstplacE.Foodwasteisaseriousproblemtoo.ToomanysupermarketsencouragecustomerstobuymorethantheyneeD.HoweverfewofthemarecomingroundtotheideathatthiscannotcontinueencouragingcustomerstoreusetheirplasticbagsforexamplE.Butthisisnotjustaboutsupermarkets.Itisaboutallofus.Wehavelearnedtoassociatepackagingwithquality.Wehavelearnedtothinkthatsomethingunpackagedisofpoorquality.ThisisespeciallytrueoffooD.Butitisalsoappliedtoawiderangeofconsumerproductswhichoftenhavefarmorepackagingthannecessary.TherearesignsofhopE.AsmoreofusrecyclewearebeginningtorealizejusthowmuchunnecessarymaterialsarecollecteD.WeneedtofacethewastefulnessofourconsumerculturebutwehaveamountaintoclimB.66.Theunderlinedphrasethatover-consumptionreferto______________.A.Havingmorematerialthanisneeded.B.Recyclingtoomanywastes.C.Makingmoreproductsthannecessary.D.Usingtoomuchpackaging.67.TheauthorusesfiguresinParagraph2toshow___________.A.thetendencyofcuttinghouseholdwasteB.theincreaseofpackagingrecyclingC.therapidgrowthofsupermarketsD.thefactofpackagingoveruse68.Accordingtothetextrecycling___________.A.helpscontrolthegreenhouseeffectB.meansburningpackagingforenergyC.isthesolutiontogasshortageD.leadstoawasteofland69.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph4that____________.A.Unpackagedproductsareofbadquality.B.Itisimpropertojudgequalitybypackaging.C.Otherproductsarebetterpackagedthanfood.D.Supermarketscaremoreaboutpackaging.70.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Peoplelikecollectingrecyclablewastes.B.Needlessmaterialismostlyrecycled.C.Fightingwastefulnessisdifficult.D.Theauthorisproudoftheirconsumerculture.
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Morethan700businessleadersgovernmentofficialsandinvestorsgatheredinMountainViewCaliforniainDecember2012toattendtheSocialInnovation创新Summit.Itisaninvitation-onlyconferenceaimedatfindingnewwaystodealwitholdproblems.TrafficjamisaproblemthatBruggemannhopestosolve.Trafficisreallybadinmostcountriesandwethoughttheremustbesomewayofdoingsomethingaboutit.LastweekhisteamwinningtheprizeforitsnunavtrafficmanagementsystemreceivedaMicrosoftImagineCupGrantof$100000.Everyonethat′susingoursystemsendshispresentpositionaswellasthedestinationtoourserversevery30seconds.Andwiththatinformationourcentralsystemcanreroute调整路线allofthecarsinawaythateveryonegetshisindividualbestpossibleroute.Bruggemannsaysearlyresearchwiththesystemhasbeenpromising.Wefoundoutthatitcouldbepossibletosaveupto20percentofthefuelconsumption.Evenmoreinterestingitcansaveupto50percentofthetimeyouspendintrafficsoyoucouldgettoyourdestinationtwiceasfast.TeamCypher256fromUgandaalsowasinvitedtotheSocialInnovationSummit.Theydevelopedadevice仪器calledWinSengaaimedatimprovinghealthcareforpregnantwomeninAfrica.Itmeasurestheearlybaby′sheartsoundstohelptesttheheartrateageandpositionofthebabyinthemother.Thedeviceissimilarinoperationtoanultrasound超声波testbutisfarlesscostlyandverypracticalinAfrica.ThisisthethirdyearfortheSocialInnovationSummit.TheeventisheldtwiceayearonceinNewYorkandonceinCalifornia.Thefirstonein2012washeldinMay.TheUnitedNations′OfficeforPartnershipshelpedtoorganizetheevent.61.InwhatwayisthenunavsystemspecialA.Itcandecidedestinationforusers.B.Itsendsbackinformationevery30minutes.C.Userscanearnmuchmoneybythesystem.D.Userscanfindthebestpossibleroutebythesystem.62.ThenunavsystemhasthefollowingadvantagesEXCEPT___________.A.reducingthefuelconsumptionB.reachingthedestinationquicklyC.savingthetimeinthetripD.improvingdrivingskills63.ThedeviceWinSengaisintendedto___________.A.improvethehealthcareforpregnantwomenB.promotetheheartrateofpregnantwomenC.measurethesizeoftheearlybabiesD.helptheoperationonwomen64.WhatcanbeinferredfromthetextA.ThenunavsystemispopularinAfrica.B.CommonpeopleinAfricacanaffordtouseWinSenga.C.TheUnitedNationsofferedfinancialhelptothenunavsystem.D.TheSocialInnovationSummithasbeenheldthreetimessofar.65.What′sthepurposeofthetextA.Totellusanewwayoutoftrafficjam.B.TointroduceadeviceforwomeninAfrica.C.Totellustheimportanceofsocialinnovations.D.Tointroduceaconferenceaboutsocialinnovations.
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UrbangrasshopperschangetheirtuneforfemalesgrasshopperGrasshoppersthatliveinnoisyurbanenvironmentsarehavingtochangetheirsongastudyhasfounD.Researcherssuggestthathighlevelsofbackgroundnoisemayaffectthegrasshoppers’matingprocess.Theysaytheinsectsareforcedtoincreasethevolumeofthelow-frequencysectionsoftheircall.ResultsofthestudybyscientistsfromtheUniversityofBielefeldGermanyarepublishedinthejournalFunctionalEcology.Theresearchwhichshowstrafficnoisecouldupsetbow-wingedgrasshoppers’ChorthippusbiguttulusmatingsystemisthefirstofitskindaccordingtoleadresearcherUlrikeLampE.Effectsofman-madenoiseoncommunicationhasonlybeenstudiedwithvertebrates脊椎动物sofarsaidMsLampeaPhDstudentattheUniversityofBielefeld’sDepartmentofEvolutionaryBiology.Thescientistscaught188malebow-wingedgrasshoppersfromnoisyroadsidesandquietrurallocations.AccordingtoMsLampe:Bow-wingedgrasshoppersareagoodmodelorganismtostudysexualselectionbecausefemalescanrespondtomalelovingsongswiththeirownlow-frequencysignaliftheyareattractedtoamalesong.Thegrasshoppersproducetheirmatingcallbyrubbingatoothedfileontheirhind-legsagainstaveinthatislocatedontheirfrontwings.Themale’ssongconsistsofshortphrasesoftwotothreeseconds.ThefirstpartofthecallconsistsofslowertickingsoundsthatincreaseinspeedleadingtoabuzzingsoundtowardstheendofthephrasE.Inordertostimulatethemalestobeginmatingcallsscientistsexposedthemalestoafemaleandrecordedtheresultsinthelaboratory.Theteamthenanalysedthedifferencesbetweentheresultsofeachgroupofgrasshoppers.Resultsshowedthatcomparedtomalesfromrurallocationsurbangrasshoppersshiftthefrequencypeakofthelowerpartoftheirspectrum频谱upwardsMsLampeexplaineD.Thiswouldmakesensetoavoidlow-frequencynoiseastrafficnoisecouldmasksignalsinthatpartofthefrequencyspectrum.Theteam’sfindingsdemonstratethattrafficnoisecouldbeupsettingthegrasshopper’smatingsystem.IncreasednoiselevelscouldaffectgrasshoppercourtshipinseveralwayscommentedMsLampE.Itcouldpreventfemalesfromhearingmalelovingsongsproperlypreventfemalesfromrecognisingmalesoftheirownspeciesorimpairfemales’abilitytoestimatehowattractiveamaleisfromhissong.67.Whatistheusageofthegrasshoppers’songs?A.Tomakeoururbanhearbetter.B.Toattractthemategrasshoppers.C.TofightagainsttheurbannoisE.D.Toattractthefemalegrasshoppers.68.Howdidscientistprovetheirconclusion?A.Byusingstatistics.B.ByarguingatopiC.C.Byquotingperson’stheory.D.Bycomparingtheresults.69.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmaskmean?A.Cover.B.Affect.C.Prevent.D.Destroy.70.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Urbanenvironmentaffectssomeanimallives.B.UrbangrasshoppershavetochangetheirtunE.C.Grasshoppersshiftthepeakofspectrum.D.Grasshoppersdon’tlikelivinginnoisyurbanareas.
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MemorytheysayisamatterofpracticeandexercisE.Ifyouhavethewishandreallymakeaconsciouseffortthenyoucanquiteeasilyimproveyourabilitytorememberthings.Butevenifyouaresuccessfultherearetimeswhenyourmemoryseemstoplaytricksonyou.Sometimesyourememberthingsthatreallydidnothappen.OnemorninglastweekforexampleIgotupandfoundthatIhadleftthefrontdoorunlockedallnightyetIclearlyrememberlockingitcarefullythenightbeforE.Memorytricksworktheotherwayaswell.OnceinawhileyouremembernotdoingsomethingandthenfindoutthatyoudiD.OnedaylastmonthforexampleIwassittinginabarbershopwaitingformyturntogetahaircutandsuddenlyIrealizedthatIhadgotahaircuttwodaysbeforeatthebarbershopacrossthestreetfrommyofficE.Wealwaysseemtofindsomethingfunnyandamusinginincidentscausedbypeople’sforgetfulnessorabsent-mindedness.Storiesaboutabsent-mindedprofessorshavebeentoldforyearsandwenevergettiredofhearingnewones.Unfortunatelyhoweverabsent-mindednessisnotalwaysfunny.TherearetimeswhentricksofourmemorycancauseusgreattroublE.64.Ifyouwanttohaveagoodmemoryyoushould________.A.forceyourselftorememberthingsB.makeaconsciouseffortofpracticeandexerciseC.neverstoplearningD.tryhardtorememberthings65.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Onenightthewriterforgottolockthefrontdoor.B.Onenightthewriterforgothavinglockedthefrontdoor.C.Thewriterrememberedtolockthedoor.D.Thewriterrememberedunlockingthefrontdoor.66.FromthesentenceWenevergettiredofhearingnewoneswecaninferthat.A.weenjoyhearingnewstoriesaboutabsent-mindednessofprofessorsB.wedon’twanttoknowanythingmoreaboutabsent-mindednessofprofessorsC.wewillnevergettiredoflisteningtonewstoriesaboutabsent-mindednessD.absent-mindednesshappensnotonlytoprofessorsbuttomanyotherpeople
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HavingBreakfastOrNotWillitmatterifyoudon’ttakeyourbreakfast?A.shorttimeagoatest试验wasgivenintheUnitedStates.Peopleofdifferentagesfrom12to83wereaskedtohaveatest.Duringthetestthesepeopleweregivenallkindsofbreakfastandsometimestheygotnobreakfastatall.Scientists科学家wantedtoseehowwelltheirbodiesworkedwhentheyhadeatendifferentkindsofbreakfast.Theresultsshowthatifapersoneatsarightbreakfastheorshewillworkbetterthanifheorshehasnobreakfast.Ifastudenthasfruiteggsbreadandmilkbeforegoingtoschoolheorshewilllearnmorequicklyandlistenmorecarefullyinclass.Theresultisoppositetowhatsomepeoplethink.Havingnobreakfastwillnothelpyouloseweight减轻体重.Thisisbecausepeoplebecomesohungryatnoonthattheyeattoomuchforlunch.Theywillgainweight增加体重insteadoflosingit.Youwilllosemoreweightifyoureduceyourothermeals.56.Duringthetestthepeopleweregiven________.A.nobreakfastatallB.veryrichbreakfastC.differentfoodsorsometimesnoneD.littlefoodforbreakfast57.Theresultsshowthat________.A.breakfasthaslittletodowithaperson’sworkB.breakfasthasgreateffect影响onworkandstudiesC.apersonwillworkbetterifheonlyhasfruitandmilkD.girlstudentsshouldhavelessforbreakfast58.Accordingto根据thepassagesomepeoplethinkthatifyoudon’thavebreakfastyouwill__________.A.behealthierB.workbetterC.loseweightD.failthetest59.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Itisbadforyourhealthtohavenobreakfast.B.Toolittleforbreakfastandtoomuchforlunchmaymakeyoufatter.C.Ifyoudon’teatmuchforlunchandsupperyoumayloseweight.D.Themorebreakfastyouhavethemorequicklyyou’lllearninclass.
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Areyoureadytodoyourbittostopglobalwarming?Doyouwanttolettheworldknowthatyoubelieveitisnotdoingnearlyenoughtofightclimatechange?OnSaturdayMarch29youwillhaveachancetocommunicateyourconcerns—totellOttawaandtheentireworldthatyouaredevotedtodoingyourpart.YoucandoitbyturningoffyourlightsduringEarthHourfrom8p.m.to9p.m.StartedlastyearbytheWorldWildlifeFundinSydneyAustraliaEarthHourthisyearisgoinginternationalwith17citiessignedupsofarincludingToronto.OthersincludeChicagoManilaTelAvivCopenhagenMelbourneandChristchurchNewZealanD.ThechallengeforusTorontonianswillbetoshowweareasdevotedtofightingglobalwarmingasSydneysiderswerelastyearwhenmorethan2.2millionofthemparticipatedandslashedthecity'spoweruseby10percentfortheplannedhour.Ofcourseonehourofdarknessisn’tgoingtostopglobalwarming.ButthethinkingbehindEarthHouristhatitgetspeoplepersonallyinvolveD.Besidesgivingpeopleachancetoregistertheirconcernsoverclimatechangethegoalistogetthemtostartchangingtheirwastefulhabits.Andweallhavethemincludingsomewearen'tevenawareof.Didyouknowforexamplethatyouarestilldrawingpowerifyouleaveyourcellphonechargerpluggedinafterchargingyourphone?Thesameistrueforotherelectronicdevicesthatyouthinkyou'veturnedoff.Ifyouwanttomakeadifferencesignuptodayathttp://www.wwf.ca/EarthHourandmakeapledge宣誓toturnoffyourlightswhenEarthHourarrivesonMarch29.Persuadeyourfriendsco-workersandyouremployeroremployeestodotheirpart.Butdon'twaitforthissymbolicgesturetoraiseawarenessthatweallhavetobepartofthesolution.Starttodaytothinkaboutchangesthatcanbemadeinyourhomeandyourworkplacethatwillcutdownonwasteandgreenhousegasemissions排放.63.Thepassagemainlycallsonpeopleof_____tojoinintheMarch29thactivity.A.SydneyB.TorontoC.theworldD.the17cities64.TheEarthHourmovementmainlyaimstogetpeopleto_______tosaveourearth.A.sensethedangerB.makeapledgeC.performtheirdutiesD.showtheirvalue65.Whichisimpliedinthepassagethatshouldnothappeninourdailylife?66.Thebesttitleforthepassageis_____.A.A.ChancetoHelpSavetheEarthB.A.ChancetoHelpPreventPollutionC.AnHourtoFightAgainstBadHabitsD.AnHourtoKeepClimateUnchanged
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Manyanimalsrecognizetheirfoodbecausetheyseeit.Sodohumans.Whenyouseeanappleorapieceofchocolateyouknowthatthesearethingsyoucaneat.YoucanalsouseothersenseswhenyouchooseyourfooD.YoumaylikeitbecauseitsmellsgoodorbecauseittastesgooD.YoumaydislikesometypesoffoodbecausetheydonotlooksmellortasteverynicE.DifferentanimalsusedifferentsensestofindandchoosetheirfooD.A.fewanimalsdependononlyoneoftheirsenseswhilemostanimalsusemorethanonesensE.AlthoughtherearemanydifferenttypesoffoodsomeanimalsspendtheirliveseatingonlyonetypE.Thegiantpandaeatsonlyoneparticulartypeofbamboo竹子.OtheranimalseatonlyonetypeoffoodevenwhengiventhechoicE.A.kindofwhitebutterfly蝴蝶willstayontheleavesofacabbageeventhoughthereareplentyofothervegetablesinthegarden.Howevermostanimalshaveamorevaried多样化diet.Thebeareatsfruitsandfish.Thefoxeatssmallanimalsbirdsandfruits.Thedietoftheseanimalswillbedifferentdependingontheseason.Humanshaveaveryvarieddiet.Weofteneatfoodbecausewelikeitandnotbecauseitisgoodforus.IncountriessuchasFranceandBritainpeopleeatfoodswithtoomuchsugar.Thismakesthemoverweightwhichisbadfortheirhealth.Eatingtoomuchredmeatandanimalproductssuchasbuttercanalsobebadforthehealth.ChoosingtherightfoodthereforehasbecomeanareaofstudyinmodernlifE.58.Wecaninferfromthetextthathumansandanimals_________.A.dependononesenseinchoosingfoodB.arenotsatisfiedwiththeirfoodC.choosefoodinsimilarwaysD.eatentirelydifferentfood59.Whichofthefollowingeatsonlyonetypeoffood?A.Thewhitebutterfly.B.ThesmallbirD.C.Thebear.D.Thefox.60.Certainanimalschangetheirchoiceoffoodwhen___________.A.theseasonchangesB.thefoodcolorchangesC.theymovetodifferentplacesD.theyareattractedbydifferentsmells61.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthat__________.A.foodischosenforagoodreasonB.FrenchandBritishfoodisgoodC.somepeoplehavefewchoicesoffoodD.somepeoplecarelittleabouthealthydiet
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Doyoustillremembertheinterestingquestion:whydidthechickencrosstheroad?TogettotheothersidE.MostpeopleknowthisjokE.ButrecentlysomepeoplehavebeenmuchmoreconcernedwithhowthegrizzlybearandmountainlioncancrosstheroaD.MillionsofanimalsdieeachyearonUSroadstheFederalHighwayAdministrationreports.Infactonlyabout80ocelotsanendangeredwildcatexistintheUStoday.Themainreason?Roadkill.Ecopassagesmayhelpanimalscrosstheroadwithoutbeinghitbycars.Theyarepathsbothoverandunderroads.TheseecopassagescanbeextremelyusefulsothatwildlifecanavoidhumanconflictssaidJodiHiltyoftheWildlifeConservationSociety.Butdoanimalsactuallyusetheecopassages?Theanswerisyes.PaulBeierofNorthernArizonaUniversityfoundfootmarksleftbymountainlionsonanecopassagethatwentunderahighway.ThisshowedthatthelionusedthepassagE.Buildersofsomeecopassagestrytomakethemlooklikeanaturalpartofanareabyplantingtreesonandaroundthem.Animalsseemtobecatchingon.Animalsasdifferentassalamandersandgrizzlybearsareusingthebridgesandunderpasses.ThenexttimeyouvisitaparkordrivethroughanareawithalotofwildlifelookarounD.Youmightseeananimaloverpass!51.Thewriterusestheexampleofocelotstoshowthat__________.A.wildanimalshavebecomemoredangerousB.thedrivingconditionshaveimprovedgreatlyC.themeasureforprotectingwildlifefailstoworkD.anincreasingnumberofanimalsarekilledinroadaccidents52.Fromthenewsstoryweknowanecopassageis__________.A.anundergroundpathforcarsB.afencebuiltforthesafetyoftheareaC.abridgeforanimalstogetoverariverD.apassforanimalstocrosstheroad53.Whenthewritersaysthatanimalsseemtobecatchingonhemeans_______.A.animalsbegintorealizethedangersontheroadB.animalsbegintolearntouseecopassagesC.animalsarecrossingtheroadingroupsD.animalsareincreasinginnumber54.Thewriterasksvisitorsanddriverstolookaroundwhentravelingbecause.A.wildanimalsmayattackcarsB.wildanimalsmayjamtheroadC.theymayseewildanimalsintheparkD.theymayseewildanimalsonecopassages
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Whyshouldmankindexplorespace?Whyshouldmoneytimeandeffortbespentexploringandresearchingsomethingwithsofewapparentbenefits?WhyshouldresourcesbespentonspaceratherthanonconditionsandpeopleonEarth?ThesearequestionsthatunderstandablyareveryoftenaskeD.Perhapsthebestanswerliesinourgeneticmakeup基因构成ashumanbeings.Whatdroveourancestorstomovefromthetreesintotheplainsandonintoallpossibleareasandenvironments?Thewiderthespreadofaspeciesthebetteritschanceofsurvival.PerhapsthebestreasonforexploringspaceisthisgenetictendencytoexpandwhereverpossiblE.Nearlyeverysuccessfulcivilizationhasexploredbecausebydoingsoanydangersinsurroundingareascanbeidentifiedandpreparedfor.Withoutknowledgewemaybecompletelydestroyedbythedanger.Withknowledgewecanlessenitseffects.Explorationalsoallowsmineralsandotherpotential潜在的resourcestobefounD.Evenifwehavenoimmediateneedofthemtheywillperhapsbeusefullater.Resourcesmaybemorethanphysicalpossessions.Knowledgeortechniqueshavebeenacquiredthroughexploration.Thetechniquesmayhavemedicalapplicationswhichcanimprovethelengthorqualityofourlives.Wehavealreadybenefitedfromotherspin-offsincludingimprovementsinearthquakepredictioninsatellitesforweatherforecastingandincommunicationssystems.Evennon-stickpansandmirroredsunglassesareby-products副产品oftechnologicaldevelopmentsinthespaceindustry!Whilemanyresourcesarespentonwhatseemsasmallreturntheexplorationofspaceallowscreativebraveandintelligentmembersofourspeciestofocusonwhatmayservetosaveus.Whilespacemayholdmanywondersandexplanationsofhowtheuniversewasformedorhowitworksitalsoholdsdangers.ThedangerexistsbutknowledgecanhelphumanbeingstosurvivE.Withouttheabilitytoreachoutacrossspacethechancetosaveourselvesmightnotexist.WhileEarthistheonlyplanetknowntosupportlifesurelytheadaptiveabilityofhumanswouldallowustoliveonotherplanets.ItistruethatthelifestylewouldbedifferentbuthumanlifeandcultureshaveadaptedinthepastandsurelycouldinthefuturE.56.WhydoestheauthormentionthequestionsinParagraph1?A.Toexpresshisdoubts.B.Tocomparedifferentideas.C.Tointroducepointsfordiscussion.D.TodescribetheconditionsonEarth.57.WhatisthereasonforexploringspacebasedonParagraph2?A.Humansarenature-borntodoso.B.Humanshavethetendencytofight.C.HumansmayfindnewsourcesoffooD.D.Humansdon’tliketostayinthesameplacE.58.Theunderlinedwordspin-offsinParagraph4probablyrefersto_______.A.survivalchancesB.potentialresourcesC.unexpectedbenefitsD.physicalpossessions59.Whatmakesitpossibleforhumanstoliveonotherplanets?A.Ourgeneticmakeup.B.Resourcesontheearth.C.Theadaptiveabilityofhumans.D.By-productsinspaceexploration.60.Whichofthestatementscanbestsumupthepassage?A.Spaceexplorationhascreatedmanywonders.B.Spaceexplorationprovidesthebestvalueformoney.C.Spaceexplorationcanbenefitscienceandtechnology.D.SpaceexplorationmayhelpusavoidpotentialproblemsonEarth.
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HoneyfromtheAfricanforestisnotonlyakindofnaturalsugaritisalsodelicious.Mostpeopleandmanyanimalslikeeatingit.Howevertheonlywayforthemtogetthathoneyistofindawildbees’nestandtakethehoneyfromit.Oftenthesenestsarehighupintreesanditisdifficulttofindthem.InpartsofAfricathoughpeopleandanimalslookingforhoneyhaveastrangeandunexpectedhelper---alittlebirdcalledahoneyguidE.Thehoneyguidedoesnotactuallylikehoneybutitdoeslikethewaxinthebeehives蜂房.Thelittlebirdcannotreachthiswaxwhichisdeepinsidethebees’nest.Sowhenitfindsasuitablenestitlooksforsomeonetohelpit.ThehoneyguidegivesaloudcrythatattractstheattentionofbothpassinganimalsandpeoplE.Onceithastheirattentionitfliesthroughtheforestwaitingfromtimetotimeforcuriousanimalsorpersonasitleadsthemtothenest.Whentheyfinallyarriveatthenestthefollowerreachesintogetatthedelicioushoneyasthebirdpatientlywaitsandwatches.SomeofthehoneyandthewaxalwaysfallstothegroundandthisiswhenthehoneyguidetakesitssharE.Scientistsdonotknowwhythehoneyguidelikeseatingthewaxbutitisverydeterminedinitseffortstogetit.Thebirdsseemtobeabletosmellwaxfromalongdistanceaway.Theywillquicklyarrivewheneverabeekeeperistakinghoneyfromhisbeehivesandwillevenenterchurcheswhenbeeswaxcandlesarebeinglit.58.Whyisitdifficulttofindawildbees’nest?A.It’ssmallinsizE.B.It’shiddenintrees.C.It’scoveredwithwax.D.It’shardtorecognizE.59.WhatdothewordsthefollowerinParagraph2referto?A.A.beeB.A.birdC.A.honeyseeker.D.A.beekeeper.60.Thehoneyguideisspecialintheway_____________.A.itgetsitsfoodB.itgoestochurchC.itsingsintheforestD.itreachesintobees’nest
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Thefirstbreath-takingpicturesoftheEarthtakenfromspaceshoweditasasolidballcoveredbybrownlandmassesandblue-greenoceans.WehadneverseentheEarthfromthatdistancebeforE.TousitappearedasthoughtheEarthhadalwayslookedthatwayandalwayswoulD.ScientistsnowknowhoweverthatthesurfaceoftheEarthisnotaspermanentaswehadthought.Scientistsexplainthatthesurfaceofourplanetisalwaysmoving.ContinentsmoveabouttheEarthlikehugeshipsatseA.TheyfloatonpiecesoftheEarth’souterskin.Newouterskiniscreatedasmeltedrockpushedupfrombelowtheoceanfloor.Oldouterskinisdestroyedasitrollsdownintothehotareaandmeltsagain.Onlysincethe1960shavescientistsreallybeguntounderstandthattheplanetEarthisagreatlivingmachinE.Someexpertshavesaidthisnewunderstandingisoneofthemostimportantrevolutionsinscientificthought.Therevolutionisbasedontheworkofscientistswhostudythemovementofthecontinents—asciencecalledplatetectonics.ThemodernstoryofplatetectonicsbeginswiththeGermanscientistAlfredWegener.BeforeWorldWarOneWegenerarguedthatthecontinentshadmovedandwerestillmoving.HesaidtheideafirstoccurredtohimwhenheobservedthatthecoastlinesofSouthAmericaandAfricacouldfittogetherliketwopiecesofapuzzlE.Heproposedthatthetwocontinentsmighthavebeenoneandthensplitapart.Wegenerwasnotthefirstpersontowonderabouttheshapeofthecontinents.About500yearsagoexplorersthoughtaboutitwhentheymadethefirstmapsofAmericas.TheexplorersnotedtheeastcoastofNorthAmericaandSouthAmericawouldfitalmostexactlyintothewestcoastofEuropeandSouthAfricA.WhattheexplorersdidnotdobutWegenerdidwastoinvestigatetheideathatthecontinentsmovE.58.Whatdoesthewritermainlytellusinthepassage?A.Thefirstbreath-takingpicturesoftheEarthtakenfromspacE.B.Human’srecognitionoftheearth’ssurfacE.C.TheGermanscientistAlfredWegener.D.Theearlyexplorers’discovery.59.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Wedidn’tseetheEarthfromfarawayuntilwesawthepicturetakeninthespacE.B.Ourancientthoughtthatthesurfaceoftheearthisstill.C.AlfredWegenerwasnotthefirstpersontoinvestigatetheideathatthecontinentsmovE.D.ThecoastlineofIndiaandAfricafittogether.60.Thelastwordofthethirdparagraphtectonicsmean________.A.studyofconstructionB.studyofarchitectureC.earthsurfaceD.structuralgeology61.Whatdidtheexplorersfind?A.ThecoastlinesofSouthAmericaandAfricacouldfittogether.B.ThecoastlinesofNorthAmericaandAfricacouldfittogether.C.TheeastcoastlinesofNorthAmericaandthewestcoastofEuropecouldfittogether.D.ThecoastlinesofNorthAmericaandIndiacouldfittogether.
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Researchershaveestablishedthatwhenpeoplearementallyengagedbiochemicalchangesoccurinthebrainthatallowittoactmoreeffectivelyincognitive认知的areassuchasattentionandmemory.ThisistrueregardlessofagE.Peoplewillbealert警觉的andreceptiveiftheyarefacedwithinformationthatgetsthemtothinkaboutthingstheyareinterestedin.AndsomeonewithahistoryofdoingmoreratherthanlesswillgointooldagemorecognitivelysoundthansomeonewhohasnothadanactiveminD.Manyexpertsaresoconvincedofthebenefitsofchallenginginthebrainthattheyareputtingthetheorytoworkintheirownlives.TheideaisnotnecessarilytolearntomemorizelargeamountsofinformationsaysJamesFozardassociatedirectoroftheNationalInstituteofAgeing.Mostofusdon’tneedthatkindofskill.Suchspecifictrainingisoflessinterestthanbeingabletomaintainmentalalertness.Fozardandotherssaytheychallengetheirbrainswithdifferentmentalskillsbothbecausetheyenjoythemandbecausetheyaresurethattheirrangeofactivitieswillhelpthewaytheirbrainswork.GeneCohenactingdirectorofthesameinstitutesuggeststhatpeopleintheiroldageshouldengageinmentalandphysicalactivitiesindividuallyaswellasingroups.Cohensaysthatwearefrequentlyadvisedtokeepphysicallyactiveasweagebutolderpeopleneedtokeepmentallyactiveaswell.ThosewhodoaremorelikelytomaintaintheirintellectualabilitiesandtobegenerallyhappierandbetteradjusteD.ThepointisyouneedtodobothCohensays.Intellectualactivityactuallyinfluencesbrain-cellhealthandsizE.50.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.SpecialmentaltrainingforoldpeoplE.B.Biochemicalchangesinthehumanbrain.C.Theinfluenceofintellectualactivitiesonbrain-cellsizE.D.Theimportanceofmentalactivitiesintheefficiencyofthebrain.51.A.personwhoissaidtobecognitivelyhealthyshould________.A.bealertandreceptiveinmindB.whoarehighlyintelligentC.begoodatdoinggroupworkD.rememberlargequantitiesofinformation52.ThefindingsofJamesandotherscientistsintheirwork_________.A.remainatheorytobefurtherprovedB.havebeenchallengedbymanyotherexpertsC.arepracticedbytheresearchersthemselvesD.havebeengenerallyaccepted53.AccordingtoFozard'sargumentpeoplecanmaketheirbrainsworkmoreefficientlyby_________.A.constantlydoingmemoryworkB.makingfrequentadjustmentsC.goingthroughspecifictrainingD.takingpartinvariousmentalactivities54.WhichofthefollowingstatementswouldCohenmostprobablysupport?A.Olderpeopleshouldkeepmentallyactivebychallengingtheirbrains.B.Nomatterwhetheritisdoneingrouporalonementalactivityisalwaysgoodforbrain-cellhealth.C.Physicalstrengthismoreimportanttoolderpeoplethanmentalhealth.D.Peoplewhoengageinmorementalactivitiesbutlessphysicalonesarealwayshappier.
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WehaveallheardofthesmartphoneandmostofuswillhaveonE.NotfarbehindthesmarthomE.InthelatestissueofJournalScienceWashingtonStateUniversity'sDianeCooksaysitwon'tbelongbeforeourhomesactasintelligentagentstopredictourneedsanddealwithtasksthatimproveourhealthenergyefficiencyevensocialmediA.ManyhomesarealreadyhalfwaytherewithcomputershelpingwarmfoodrecordTVshowsandturnoncoffeemakers.Whatwe'retryingtodoisgetthehometothinkaboutwhatyouneedasawholeandusedifferentpartstodotherightthings.shesays.Cookhasbeenworkingonsuchsmarthomessince2006.SometesthomesalreadyshowthatthetechnologycanhelpmonitortheelderlypeopleandremindthemtocompleteordinaryactivitieslikerisingeatingandtakingmedicinE.SimilarlythehomecanitselfcontrolenergyusE.Smarthometechnologiescanrunwashing-machinesatoff-peaktimesturnoffunneededappliances家用电器andputoutlightsinemptyrooms.ManycommunitiesnowaretestingtheconceptofthesmarthomE.Whilethesmartphoneletspeopletaketheirsocialmediawiththemthehomecouldactlikeacar'sBluetoothmakinghands-freeconversationfromanyroomareality.Cameraswillletthepeopletalkfacetofacefromanywhere.Althoughthetechnologyisavailabletechnologieslikein-homecamerasraiseprivacyconcerns.ThetechnologieslikemanyothersfaceachallengeofbeingacceptedandadoptedsaysCook.Shehasseenthatinparticularwiththeelderlyparticipantsinherstudies.Peoplewillsoonunderstandwhatthesetechnologiesdoandseehowuser-friendlytheyarE.Ibetsometechnologieswilldevelopfastoncethey'restartingtobeuseD.71.AccordingtothepassageallofthefollowingstatementsaboutthesmarthometechnologyareTRUEexceptthat.A.itisacompletelynewconceptB.sometestsarebeingcarriedoutC.ithelpspeopledohouseworkD.itwillsoonbecomeareality72.AccordingtoCookthesmarthometechnologycanbenefit_______.A.theteachersmonitoringtheirstudentsB.thehousewiveswithbabiestoattendC.thenursesinthehospitalnearbyD.theseniorpeoplewhoneedtakingcareof73.AccordingtoParagraph4thesmarthometechnologyhelpspeople_______.A.makemoremoneyB.usenewenergyformsC.improvetheenergyefficiencyD.developgoodhabits74.Oneoftheobstaclesthatpreventthesmarthometechnologyfrombeingacceptedis____A.theconcernaboutpeople'sprivacyB.theconcernaboutthecostfromitC.theconcernaboutthelossoftraditionD.theconcernaboutelderlypeople75.HowdoesCookthinkofthesmarthometechnology?A.usefulbutmuchtoocostly.B.challengingbutpromising.C.convenientandaffordablE.D.user-friendlyandpractical.
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What’sdelicioustoeatandcomesinavarietyofcolors?Eggplant!Andnoithasnothingtodowithchickens!Thisstrangelynamedvegetableishoweverasversatileasanegg.Itcanbesteamedfriedandbaked.Itcanbeeatenbyitselforcombinedwithmeatsandothervegetables.EggplantwasfirstgrowninIndiainthe5thcenturyBC.ItspopularitysoonspreadtoChinaandthenthroughoutAsia.FinallyduringtheMiddleAgesthevegetablemadeitswaytoEurope.Atthattimeeggplantwasnottheshinypurplevegetablemostpeopleknowtoday.Insteadit’slikeawhiteegg.Duetothisegg-likeappearanceeggplantgotitsname.InitsearlydaysthevegetablewassobitterthatpeopleoftencalleditamadapplE.Thisnicknamestartedbecausepeoplebelieveditsbitternesswasbadforone’shealth.Peopleactuallythoughteggplantcouldcausemadnessandcancer.Fortunatelytodaypeopleknowthateggplantdoesn'tcauseinsanityorcancer.Infacteggplantissohealthythatitmaypreventcancer.Inadditionthebrainandtheheartbenefitfromthissupervegetable.Sinceit’shighinfibreeggplantcanimprovedigestion.ItalyTurkeyEgyptChinaandJapanaretheleadinggrowersofeggplantintheworldtoday.Dependingonitslocationeggplantmaybepurplegreenorangeoryellow-white.Anditcanbeassmallasatomatooraslargeasacucumber.Dishvarietiesrangefromsimpletocomplexwithallofthembeingdelicious.TodaythousandsofpeoplegatherinLoomisCaliffortheannualLoomisEggplantFestival.Themainactivityatthefestivaliseatingdeliciouseggplantdishes.Thereisplentymoretodoandseethough.Recipecontestsartsandcraftsperformersracesandchildren’sactivitiesallegg-citefestival-goers.Mostpeopleatthefestivalwouldagree-----eggplantisanegg-cellentvegetable.60.Eggplantgotitsnamebecauseofits_____.A.appearanceB.tasteC.colorD.value61.WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTbelongtothequalitiesofeggplant?A.Itcanbecookedinvariousways.B.Itiseasytodigest.C.Itcanpreventcancer.D.Itisvaluableandpriceless.62.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.EggplantcanbeeatentocurecancerB.Eggplantusedtotastebitter.C.Indiaproducesthemosteggplantintheworldtoday.D.Eggplanthasahistoryofnearly1000years.63.MostpeoplecometotheLoomisEggplantFestivalto_____.A.seeartsandcraftsB.enjoyfoodwitheggplantsC.takepartinrecipecontestsD.promoteeggplant
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Aschildrengrowuptheybecomecuriousaboutdifferentkindsofthings.Whentheyarebabiestheyareinterestedinthepartsoftheirbodiesandinthesmilesoftheirmothers.Thentheybecomeinterestedinthephysicalworldaroundthem:theplantstheanimalsthesky.Latertheybecomeinterestedinthethingsthatpeoplehavemade:wheelsbicyclescars.Andwhentheyareadultstheircuriositycontinues.Sometimesthiscuriosityleadstoacareer生涯职业insciencE.ScientistsspendtheirlivestryingtofindoutabouttheworlD.Thosewhoworkwiththeearthsciencesstudytheearththeoceansandtheskies.Otherscientistswhostudylivingthingsworkwiththebiologicalsciences.A.thirdgroupofscientistsstudythephysicalsciencesE.g.physicschemistry.ThesescientistshavealreadydiscoveredalotaboutourworlD.Forexampletheytelluswhyyourheartbeatsfastwhenyourun.Theysaythatwhenyouarequietyourheartnormallybeatssixty-fiveorseventy-fivetimesaminutE.Yourheartisapump泵thatpumpsbloodtoallpartsofthebody.Thebloodcarriesoxygenandnutrition.Whenyourunyourmusclesworkveryhardandusethenutritionthatthebloodcarriestothem.Themusclesneedoxygentoo.Soyourbrainsendsasignaltotheheart.Thesignalmeansthatthemusclesneedmorenutritionandoxygen.Thentheheartbeatsfastandsendsbloodquicklytothemuscles.Itmaybeat90to140timesaminutE.Ofcoursescientistscannotanswerallofourquestions.IfweaskWhydoestheoceanwatertastesalty?scientistswillsaythatthesaltcomesfromrocks.Whenarockgetsveryhotorverycolditcracks.Rainfallsintocracks.Therainthencarriesthesaltintotheearthandintotherivers.Theriverscarrythesaltintotheocean.ButthenweaskWhathappenstothesaltintheocean?Theoceandoesnotgetsaltiereveryyear.Scientistsarenotsureabouttheanswertothisquestion.Weknowalotaboutourworldbuttherearestillmanyanswersthatwedonothaveandwearecurious.53.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Peoplearecuriousinthesameway.B.Peopleindifferentcountriesareinterestedindifferentthings.C.Menandwomenarecuriousaboutdifferentthings.D.Peopleofdifferentagesareinterestedindifferentthings54.Scientistswhoworkwiththebiologicalsciencesstudy____.A.theearththeoceansandthesky;B.man-madethingsC.plantsandanimals;D.oceanwater55.Whenyourunyourmusclesneed____.A.morenutritionandoxygen;B.moresignalsC.moresalt;D.water56.A.rockcracks_____.A.inwetregions;B.indryregionsC.atveryhighorverylowtemperatures;D.whensaltywaterfallsin
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EveryspringscoresofpeopleflocktotheBuzzardFestivalatHinckleyOhio.Theycometowatchforbuzzards.MostwoulD.BegladjusttotakealookatabuzzarD.Iftheydoseeoneoftheseflyinggarbagecansitwillprobablybecirclinghighinthesky.Fromthereitcanwatchthegroundforsignsofthewasteandthedeadanimalsonwhichitfeeds.ThebuzzardistheugliestbirdintheUnitedStates.InfactitmaywellbetheugliestbirD.intheworlD.IthasasmallbarepinkheaD.Itsthickbodyiscoveredwithdarkroughfeathers.InspiteofitslooksthebuzzardisimportanttothepeopleofHinckley.Itistheirfirstsignofspring.Afterawinterinthesouthbuzzardsreturntotheirhomesinthenorth.IntheHinckleyareatheyalwaysreturnonMarch15.Nooneknowswhy.ButtheyhavecomebacktoHinckleyRidgeonthatdaysureasclocksworkforatleastfortyyears.TheexcitementstartsinFebruary.BythemiddleofMarchithasreachedahighpeak.BetsareplaceD.PrizesgotothepersonwhoseesthefirstbuzzarD.Radiostationsandnewspaperstellofthecomingfestival.AndontheweekendafterMarch15thepeopleofHinckleyholdtheirBuzzardFestival.ThepeoplecomeandlookarounD.Theychat.Theyeattheirfillofpancakesandsausages.ThentheydrivepastBuzzard'sRoostonHinckleyRidgE.A.lotofthemstopneartheroadatthestandsetuptogiveinformationtovisitors.TheretheycanhearfromarecordingthemainfactsaboutthebuzzarD.TheycanseeastuffedbuzzarD.Theycanlookatsomepicturestakenofbuzzardsinotheryears.Withgoodluckandastrongpairoffieldglassestheymaysightoneortwolivebuzzardshighinthesky.Buzzardsmaybeugly.Theymaybeflyinggarbagecans.ButinHinckleytheyarejustaswelcomeastheswallowsinCapistranoCaliforniA.ItwouldbeasadspringindeedifthebuzzardseverfailedtocomebacktoHinckleyRidgE.60.A.goodtitleforthisstorywouldbe__________.A.TheHinckleyBuzzardFestivalB.BuzzardtheUgliestBirdC.WhytheBuzzardHasaPinkHeadD.TheReturnofTheGarbageCan61.Thebuzzardiscalledtheflyinggarbagecanbecauseit__________.A.isuglyB.eatswasteanddeadanimalsC.lookslikeagarbagecanD.collectrubbishontheground62.ThesurprisingthingaboutHinckley'sbuzzardsisthat_.A.theyspendthewinterinthesouthB.theycomeveryclosetothetownC.theyreturnonthesamedayeachyearD.bothbuzzardsandswallowsreturntoCapistranoonMarch1563.AttheinformationstandvisitorstoHinckley'sBuzzardFestivalcan_________.A.learnsomefactsabout.thebuzzardB.easilyseealivebuzzardC.takesomepictureswiththebackgroundoflivebuzzardsD.feedtheirfillofpancakesandsausagestobuzzards
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NewtechnologylinkstheworldasneverbeforE.Ourplanethasshrunk.It’snowaglobalvillagewherecountriesareonlysecondsawaybyfaxorphoneorsatellitelink.Andofcourseourabilitytobenefitfromthishigh-techcommunicationsequipmentisgreatlyenhancedbyforeignlanguageskills.DeeplyinvolvedwiththisnewtechnologyisabreedofmodernbusinesspeoplewhohaveagrowingrespectfortheeconomicvalueofdoingbusinessabroaD.Inmodernmarketssuccessoverseasoftenhelpssupportdomesticbusinessefforts.Overseasassignmentsarebecomingincreasinglyimportanttoadvancementwithinexecutiveranks.TheexecutivestationedinanothercountrynolongerneedfearbeingoutofsightandoutofminD.Heorshecanbesurethattheoverseaseffortiscentraltothecompany’splanforsuccessandthatpromotionsoftenfolloworaccompanyanassignmentabroaD.IfanemployeecansucceedinadifficultassignmentoverseassuperiorswillhavegreaterconfidenceinhisorherabilitytocopebackintheUnitedStateswherecross-culturalconsiderationsandforeignlanguageissuesarebecomingmoreandmoreprevalent普遍的.ThankstoavarietyofrelativelyinexpensivecommunicationsdeviceswithbusinessapplicationsevensmallbusinessesintheUnitedStatesareabletogetintointernationalmarkets.Englishisstilltheinternationallanguageofbusiness.Butthereisanever-growingneedforpeoplewhocanspeakanotherlanguagE.A.secondlanguageisn’tgenerallyrequiredtogetajobinbusinessbuthavinglanguageskillsgivesacandidatetheedgewhenotherqualificationsappeartobeequal.Theemployeepostedabroadwhospeaksthecountry’sprincipallanguagehasanopportunitytofast-forwardcertainnegotiationsandcanhavetheculturalinsighttoknowwhenitisbettertomovemoreslowly.Theemployeeatthehomeofficewhocancommunicatewellwithforeignclientsoverthetelephoneorbyfaxmachineisanobviousassettothefirm.72.Withtheincreaseduseofhigh-techcommunicationsequipmentbusinesspeople________.A.havetogetfamiliarwithmoderntechnologyB.aregainingmoreeconomicbenefitsfromdomesticoperationsC.areattachingmoreimportancetotheiroverseasbusinessD.areeagertoworkoverseas73.InthispassageoutofsightandoutofmindLines2-3ParA.3probablymeans________.A.beingunabletothinkproperlyforlackofinsightB.beingtotallyoutoftouchwithbusinessathomeC.missingopportunitiesforpromotionwhenabroadD.leavingallcareandworrybehind74.Accordingtothepassagewhatisanimportantconsiderationofinternationalcorporationsinemployingpeopletoday?A.Connectionswithbusinessesoverseas.B.Abilitytospeaktheclient’slanguagE.C.Technicalknow-how.D.BusinessexperiencE.75.Theadvantageofemployeeshavingforeignlanguageskillsisthattheycan________.A.bettercontrolthewholenegotiationprocessB.easilyfindnewapproachestomeetmarketneedsC.fast-forwardtheirproposalstoheadquartersD.easilymakefriendswithbusinesspeopleabroad
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Plantscan’tcommunicatebymovingormakingsoundsasmostanimalsdo.Insteadplantsproducevolatilecompounds挥发性化合物——chemicalsthateasilychangefromaliquidtoagas.A.flower’ssweetsmellforexamplecomesfromsuchvolatilecompoundstoattractinsectssuchasbugsandbees.Plantscanalsodiscovervolatilecompoundsproducedbyotherplants.A.treeunderattackbyhungryinsetsforinstancemaygiveoffthesechemicalsinordertoletothertreesknowabouttheattack.Inresponsetheothertreesmaysendofftheirchemicalstokeepthebugsaway——orevenchemicalsthatwillattractthebugs’naturalenemies.Nowscientistshavecreatedaquickwaytounderstandwhatplantsaresaying:achemicalsensor传感器calledanelectronicnose.Thee-nosecantellsuchcompoundsasplantsmakE.Whenplantsareattackedscientistssaythee-nosecouldhelpquicklydecidewhetherplantsarebeingeatenbyinsects.Buttodaytheonlywaytospotsuchinsectsistoinspectindividualplantsbyobservingthem.Thisisachallengingtaskformanagersofgreenhousesincludingthosethatcanhousethousandsofplants.Theresearchteamisworkingwithane-nosethatcanrecognizevolatilecompounds.Insidethedevice13sensorschemicallyreactwithvolatilecompoundsbasedontheinteractions相互作用andthenthee-nosewillgiveoffelectronicsignalsthatthescientistscananalyzebyusingcomputersoftwarE.Totestthee-nosetheteampresenteditwithhealthyleavesfromcucumberpepperandtomatoplantsallbeingcommongreenhousecrops.Thenscientistscollectedsamplesoftheairarounddamagedleavesfromeachtypeofcrop.Theseplantshadbeendamagedeitherbyinsectsorbyscientistswhomadeholesintheleaveswithaholepunch打孔器.Thee-noseitturnsoutcanidentifyhealthycucumberpepperandtomatoplantsbasedonthevolatilecompoundstheyproducE.ItcouldalsoidentifytomatoleavesthathadbeendamageD.Butevenmoreimpressivethedevicecouldtellwhichtypeofdamage——byinsectsorwithaholepunch——hadbeendonetothetomatoleaves.Withsomefine-tuning微调adevicelikethee-nosecanonedaybeusedingreenhousestoquicklyspotharmfulbugstheresearcherssay.A.devicelikethiscanalsobeusedtoidentifyfruitsthatareperfectlyripeandreadytopickandeatsaysNataliaDudarevaabiochemistatPurdueUniversityinWestLafayetteIndiawhostudiessmellsofflowersandplants.HopefullyscientistsbelievethedevicecanbringlargebenefitstogreenhousemanagersinthenearfuturE.54.Welearnfromthetextthatplantscommunicatewitheachotherby______.A.makingsomesoundsB.wavingtheirleavesC.producingsomechemicalsD.sendingoutelectronicsignals55.Whatdidthescientistsdotofindoutifthee-noseworked?A.Theyfixed13sensorsinsidethedevicE.B.Theypresenteditwithallcommoncrops.C.Theycollecteddifferentdamagedleaves.D.Theydotestsondamagedandhealthyleaves.56.Accordingtothewriterthemostamazingthingaboutthee-noseisthatitcan______.A.pickoutripefruitsquiteexpertlyB.spottheinsectsinaveryquickwayC.telldifferentdamagestoleavesD.recognizeunhealthytomatoleaves57.Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthatthee-nose______.A.isunabletotellthesmellofflowersB.isnotyettestedingreenhousesC.isdesignedbyscientistsatPurdueD.ishelpfulinkillingharmfulinsects
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Cathyisatetraplegic.Shehasnotbeenabletomoveherarmslegsorspeaksincesufferingastroke中风nearlyfifteenyearsago.Recentlyshelearnedhowtocontrolaroboticarmusingherthoughts.Shenowcanusebrainactivitytoserveherselfadrink.TheAmericanwomanisoneoftwopeoplewhotookpartinaresearchprojectknownasBrainGate2.Theresearchershavespentyearsstudyinghowtohelppeoplewhoaredisabledregainmovementintheirarmsandlegs.Johnwhoisaneuroscientist神经科学家andalsowaspartoftheprojectsaidOurideaistoavoidthatdamagednervoussystemandgodirectlyfromthebraintotheoutsideworldsothebrainsignalscannotcontrolmusclebutcontrolmachinesordevices设备likeacomputeroraroboticarm.Thetwodisabledpeoplehadsmallsensorsconnectedtothepartofthebrainthatcontrolsmovement.Thedevicesmeasuredbrainactivityandsentthatinformationtoacomputer.Thecomputerhasspecialsoftwarethatturnstheinformationintodigitalcommandsforoperatingotherdevices.Theresearchersusedahighlydevelopedroboticarmtorecreatehumanactions.TheBrainGateteamhaditsfirstsuccessin2006.Avictimwasabletousethebrain—computersystemtocontrolacomputermouse.Johnsaysthelatestdevelopmentusingroboticarmsisamajorvictory.AvideoofthelatestexperimentshowsCathyusingtheroboticarmtopickupacupofcoffee.Sheguidesthecuptowardhermouthmovesitforwardanddrinksthroughastraw.LeadresearcherLeighHochbergsaiditwasanunbelievablemoment?Theresearchteamcardedoutalmost200testswithtwodifferentroboticarmswhichwereabletopickuptheirtargetobjects43%to66%ofthetime.Theresearchersarecallingtheinformationverypromising.Buttheysayitwilltakeyearstofullydevelopthetechnologyforeverydayuse.71.WhatcanweknowaboutCathyfromthispassage?A.Sheisanexpertaboutthestroke.B.Sheisadisabledwomanwhocan'twalkatall.C.Sheisascientistandisalsopartoftheproject.D.Sheisaresearchertakingpartintheproject.72.Howdoestheroboticarmwork?73.WhydidLeighHochbergsayitwasanunbelievablemoment?A.Becausethelatestexperimentofusingroboticarmshassucceeded.B.BecausetheBrainGateteamhaditsfirstSuccessin2006.C.Becausethetwodisabledpeoplecanmoveandspeak.D.Becausehewaspartoftheproject.74.Whatcanweinferfromthispassage?A.Thetechnologyhadbeenputintousebefore2006.B.Itwillbeseveralmonthsbeforethetechnologycomesintodailyuse.C.Quiteafewexperimentshavebeencarriedoutforthetechnology.D.Thetworoboticarmscouldn'tpickuptheirtargetobjects.75.What'sthepurposeoftheresearchproject?A.Tohelpthedisabledpeopletomoveandspeak.B.Tohelpthebrain-computersystemtocontrolacomputermouse.C.Tohelpthedisabledpeopleusebrainactivitytoservethemselvesadrink.D.Tohelpthedisabledpeopletogetmovementliketheirarmsandlegsagain.
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LondonhasbecomeacyclefriendlyzoneafterthelaunchofanewbikehireschemE.IthasbeendesignedtoencouragemorepeopletocycleinandaroundcentralLondon.SohowdoesitworkFirstyouhavetosignuptotheschemetobesentakey.ThekeywillunlockoneofthebikeswhicharekeptatdockingstationsinandaroundcentralLondon.YouhavetopayanaccessfeeforthekeyandthenyoupayasyougoforthelengthoftimeyouusethebikE.TransportforLondonwhichrunstheschemearehopingtohave6000bikesand400dockingstationsinplacebytheendoftheyear.Thenewhiresystemishopingtoeasecongestion拥挤inLondonandisexpectedtocreateupto40000extracycletripsadayintothecitycenter.LondonMayorBorisJohnstonlaunchedtheschemeandsaidLondonhadbeenfilledwiththousandsofgleamingmachinesthatwilltransformthelookandfeelofourstreetsandbecomeascommonplaceonourroadsasblackcabsandredbuses.HowevertherehavebeenafewproblemssincetheschemewaslaunchedlastFriday.Onthefirstdaysomepeoplefoundtheycouldn'tdocktheirbikeproperlyandtheirusageofthebikehadnotregistereD.TransportforLondondidadmittheyhadbeenexpectingafewteethingproblemsandhavesaidtheywouldn'tchargeforthefirstdayasagestureofgoodwill.Someotherpeoplehavecriticizedthelackofdockingstationsandlocksforthebikesaswellasthepriceitcoststohirethebicycles.Despitethecommentsthegreen-thinkingLondonMayorstillseemsverypositiveaboutthingssayingMycampaignforthecapitaltobecomethegreatestbigcyclingcityintheworldhastakenabigpedal-poweredpushforwards.68.LondonMayorBorisJohnstonlaunchedthenewbikeschemeinorderto___.A.reducetheairpollutionofthecityB.encouragethecitizenstotakeexercisesC.dealwiththecity’strafficproblemsD.increaseemploymentopportunities69.AllthefollowingaretheproblemsoftheschemeEXCEPT________.A.thehighcosttohireabikeB.notregisteringtheirusageofthebikesC.notchargingforthefirstdayoftheschemeD.dockingthebikesproperly70.Fromthepassagewecaninferthat________.A.theLondonMayorisconfidentintheschemeB.theschemewillbecanceledbecauseoftheproblemsC.allthecitizensinLondonsupporttheschemeD.thecyclingrevolutionisnotsuccessful
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ThetimeofyearababyisborncanshapewhatprofessiontheywillembarkoninlaterlifeanewstudyhassuggesteD.BeingborninacertainmonthappearstoindicatethepossibilityofwhatjobapersonwillendupwiththestudybytheOfficeforNationalStatisticsfounD.ResearchershaveuncoveredthatthemonthinwhichbabiesareborncouldalsoaffecteverythingfromintelligencetolengthoflifE.A.childborninDecemberismorelikelytobecomeadentistwhilesomeonewhosebirthdayfallsinJanuarywilltendtoadebtcollectortheyfounD.A.FebruarybirthappearstoincreasethechancesofbeinganartistwhileMarchbabiesappeartogoontobecomepilots.MeanwhileAprilandMayaresaidtohaveafairlyevenspreadofprofessionsbirthsinthesummermonthsmeanamuchlowerchanceofbecomingahigh-earningfootballplayerdoctorordentist.Thestudywasgainedbyresearcherswhoanalyzedthebirthmonthsofpeoplein19separateoccupationsusinginformationfromthelastcensus人口普查theDailyMailreporteD.Althoughthesetrendsmaybedifficulttoexplainrelationsbetweenbirthmonthsandspecifichealthproblemshaveascientificbasis.SpringbabiesareatgreaterriskofillnessesincludingschizophreniaAlzheimer’sdiseaseasthmaandautism.Theymayalsobelesscleverthanclassmatesborninotherpartsoftheyear.http://www.ebigear.com/news-115-76605.html63.Whatdoestheunderlinedphraseembarkonreferto?A.landonB.keepintouchwithC.beengagedinD.breakfrom64.AccordingtotheresearchersachildborninMarchislikelytobecome_______.A.adebtcollectorB.apilotC.adentistD.anartist65.Wecanlearnfromthetextthat______.A.themonthbabiesareborncouldonlyaffecthisintelligenceandlengthoflifeB.PeopleborninthesummermonthsaremorelikelytogethighlypaidC.SpringbabiesmayhavethebiggerchancetogetillD.thechoiceofprofessionforAprilandMayisverynarrow66.Whatcanbeincludedfromthepassage?A.ThereexistconnectionsbetweenbirthdateandoccupationsB.ThefatehasbeenalreadydecidedwhenpeoplearebornC.PeopleborninAutumnwouldbemoresuccessfulthanthoseborninSpringD.Thetimeofyearoneisborndecideswhichspecifichealthproblemsonehas
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Thepracticeofmagicincludesspecialwordsactionsandobjects.Mostmagicinvolvesapersoncalledamagicianwhoclaimstohavesupernaturalpowers.Magicwords.Toworkmostmagicthemagiciansingsorspeaksspecialwordsinacertainorder.Thesewordsarecalledincantationsorspells.Somespellsformprayerstodemons魔鬼spiritsorothersupernaturalforces.Manysocietiesbelievethemagicwillnotworkunlessthemagicianrecitesthespellsperfectly.Othermagicwordshavenomeaningthoughtheysupposedlypossesspowerwhenspokenbyamagician.MagicactionsaccompanythewordsspokeninperformingmuchmagiC.ManyofthesemovementsactoutthedesiredeffectofthemagiC.Forexampleamagiciantryingtomakerainfallmaysprinkle洒wateronthegrounD.Themagician'scombinedwordsandactionsformaceremony.Magicobjectsincludecertainplantsstonesandotherthingswithsupposedsupernaturalpowers.Anysuchobjectmaybecalledafetish物神.Butthistermoftenreferstoanobject—forexampleacarvingoradriedsnake—honoredbyatribeforitsmagicpowers.Manytribesbelievefetisheshavemagicpowerbecausespiritsliveintheseobjects.Manypeoplecarrymagicobjectscalledamulets护身符toprotectthemselvesfromharm.Manyamuletsarestonesorringsengraved雕刻withmagicsymbols.Themagician.InsomesocietiesnearlyeveryoneknowshowtoworksomemagiC.InothersocietiesonlyexpertspracticemagiC.Magiciansmaybecalledmedicinemenmedicinewomenshamanssorcerersorwitchdoctors.Inmanysocietiesmagiciansmustinherittheirpowers.Inothersanypersonmaybecomeamagicianbystudyingthemagicalarts.Manysocietiesbelievemagiciansmustobservecertainrulesandtaboosforbiddenactionsfortheirspellstowork.Forexampletheymayberequirednottoeatvariousfoodsortoavoidsexualactivityforacertainperiodbeforetheceremony.41.Whatdomagicwordsmeantopeopleinsomesociety?A.TheyhavethepowertokilldevilsB.TheyhavepowerifmagicianrecitestherightspellsC.TheyhavenoeffectatallD.Theycanbeusedwhenevertheywant42.Peoplebelievemagicactionswillhaveaneffectiftheyareaccompaniedby.A.thespellsB.magicobjectsC.stonesorringsengravedwithmagicsymbolsD.medicine43.Whydomanypeoplebelieveinafetish?A.BecauseitisoftenaringwhichisworthalotofmoneyB.BecauseitiscarvedwithmagicsymbolsC.BecausepeoplethinkspiritsliveinitD.Becauseitcanhelpthemwithmanythings44.What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.HowMagicWorksB.ThePowerofMagicC.HowtoPracticeMagicD.TheChoiceofMagicians
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Modernmanhasclearedtheforestsforfarmlandandforwoodandhasalsocarelesslyburnedthem.Morethanthatthoughhehasalsointerfered干涉withtheinvisiblebondsbetweenthelivingthingsintheforests.Therearemanyexamplesofthiskindofdestruction.Theharmfulnessofman’sinterferencecanbeseeninwhathappenedmanyyearsagointheforestoftheKaibabplateau凯亚巴布高原ofnorthernArizonA.MantriedtoimproveonthenaturalwebofforestlifeanddestroyeditinsteaD.TheKaibabhadastorybookforestoflargesizedpineDouglasfirwhitefirblueandEngelmannspruce.In1882avisitornotedWewho...havewanderedthroughitsforestsandparkshavecometoregarditasthemostenchantingregionithaseverbeenourprivilege特权tovisit.ThiswasalsothelivingplaceoftheRockyMountainmuledeer.Indianshuntedthereeveryautumntogathermeatandskins.Theforestalsohadmountainlionstimberwolvesandbobcatsthatkeptthedeerfrommultiplyingtoorapidly.Thenin1906PresidentTheodoreRooseveltmadetheKaibabanationalgamepreservE.Deerhuntingwasforbidden.Governmenthuntersstartedkillingoffthedeer’senemies.In25years’time6250mountainlionswolvesandbobcatswerekilleD.Beforetheprogramtherewereabout4000deerintheKaibabby1924therewereabout100000.Thedeerateeveryleafandtwigtheycouldreach.ButtherewasnotnearlyenoughfooD.Huntingofdeerwaspermittedagain.Thiscausedaslightdecreaseinthedeerherd鹿群butafargreaterlossresultedfromstarvation饥饿anddiseasE.Some60percentofthedeerherddiedintwowinters.By1930theherdhaddroppedto20000animals.By1942itwasdownto8000.12.ThedestructionoftheenvironmentoftheKaibabresultedfrom.A.turningtheforestintocultivatedlandB.interferingwithnaturalcycleofforestlifeC.forestfirescausedbyman’scarelessnessD.cuttingthetreesforbuildingmaterials13.EngelmannspruceParA.2ismostlikelythenameof.A.atreeB.ananimalC.amountainD.agame14.ThenumberofthedeerintheKaibabhadincreasedenormouslyinyears’timE.A.25B.6C.18D.1215.YearslaterlargenumbersofdeerintheKaibabdiedmainlybecauseof.A.thecoldB.theorganizedkillC.theshortageoffoodD.thepoormanagement
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- Mostpeoplethinkofracingwhentheyseegreyhounds灰狗andbelievetheyneedlotsofexercisE.Theycanactuallybequitelazy!Greyhoundsaregoodatfastracesbutnotlong-distancerunning.Theydoneedregularexercisebuttheyliketorunforashortburstandthengetbackonthebedoracomfortableseat.AnothermisunderstandingisthatgreyhoundsmustbeaggressivebecausetheyarebiginsizE.Infactgreyhoundslovepeopleandaregentlewithchildren.Greyhoundscanlivefor12–14yearsbutusuallyonlyracefortwoorthreeyearsandafterthattheymakegreatpets.Theydon’tneedalotofspacedon’tmakealotofnoiseanddon’teatalotfortheirsizE.Normallygreyhoundscanbeastallas90cm.Thereishoweverasmall-sizedgreyhoundwhichstandsonly33cm.Greyhoundscomeinavarietyofcolors.Greyandyellowish-brownarethemostcommon.OthersincludeblackwhiteblueredandbrownoramixofthesE.Greyhoundshavesmoothbodycoatslowbodyfatandareveryhealthy.Becausethey’reslimtheydon’thavethelegproblemslikeotherdogsthesameheight.ButtheydofeelthecoldespeciallysincetheywouldmuchratherbeathomeinbedthanwalkingaroundoutsidE.56.Thetextiswrittenmainly______.A.totellpeoplehowtoraisegreyhoundsB.toletpeopleknowmoreaboutgreyhoundsC.toexplainwhygreyhoundsareaggressiveD.todescribegreyhoundsofdifferentcolors57.Itcanbeinferredthatgreyhounds_______.A.lovebigdoghousesB.likestayinginbedalldayC.makethebestguarddogsD.needsomeexerciseoutdoors58.Whydoestheauthorsaythatgreyhoundsmakegreatpets?A.TheyarebiginsizE.B.TheyliveaverylonglifE.C.TheycanrunracesforsometimE.D.Theyarequietandeasytolookafter.59.Ifyoukeepapetgreyhounditisimportant________.A.tokeepitslimB.tokeepitwarmC.totakespecialcareofitslegsD.totakeittoanimaldoctorsregularly
- Thelargestearthquakemagnitude里氏9.5ofthe20thcenturyhappenedonMay221960offthecoastofSouthCentralChilE.Itgenerated生成oneofthemostdestructivePacific-widetsunamis海啸.NearthegeneratingareaboththeearthquakeandthetsunamiwereverymuchdestructiveparticularlyinthecoastalareafromConcepciontothesouthendofIsla岛ChiloE.ThelargesttsunamidamageoccurredatIslaChiloe---thecoastalareaclosesttotheepicenter震中.Hugetsunamiwavesmeasuringashighas25metersarrivedwithin10to15minutesaftertheearthquakekillingatleasttwohundredpeoplesinkingalltheboatsandfloodinghalfakilometerinlanD.TherewaslargedamageandlossoflifeatConcepcionChile'stopindustrialcity.NearthecityofValdiviatheearthquakeandfollowingaftershocksgeneratedlandslideswhichkilled18peoplE.AttheportcityofValparaisoacityof200000manybuildingscollapseD.A.totalof130000housesweredestroyed---oneineverythreeintheearthquakezoneandnearly2000000peoplewerelefthomeless.Totaldamagelossesincludingtoagricultureandtoindustrywereestimated估计tobeoverahalfbilliondollars.Thetotalnumberofdeathrelatedwithboththetsunamiandtheearthquakewasneverfoundaccuratelyfortheregion.Estimatesofdeathsreachedbetween490to57002withnodistinction差别astohowmanydeathswerecausedbytheearthquakeandhowmanywerecausedbythetsunami.HoweveritisbelievedthatmostofthedeathsinChilewerecausedbythetsunami.44.Wheredidthelargesttsunamidamageoccurred?A.ConcepcionB.IslaChiloeC.ValdiviaD.Valparaiso45.Whatcanwelearnaboutthetsunamiwavesgeneratedbytheearthquake?A.Thetsunamiwavesashighas25metersarrivedimmediatelyaftertheearthquakE.B.Thetsunamiwaveskilled200peopleandsankallboats.C.ThetsunamiwaveswereverydestructivE.D.ThetsunamiwavesfloodedhalfoftheinlanD.46.WhatisgenerallythoughtthemaincauseofdeathsinChile?A.landslidesB.thetsunamiC.aftershocksD.themagnitude9.5earthquake47.Whatisthetotalnumberofdeathsintheearthquake?A.2000000B.between490to57002C.200000D.itwashardtoknow.48.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordcollapsedprobablymean?A.wasdestroyedB.caughtfireC.wasfloodedD.sank
- Chinainthe21stcenturyismakinggreatprogressinspacetechnology.In2003thecountrysentupthemannedspacecraftShenzhou-V.FouryearslaterChang’e-Iwentintoorbit轨道aroundthemoon.In2008aChinesemandidthecountry’sfirstspacewalk.TheseachievementswouldhavebeenunthinkablewithoutthecontributionofQianXuesenakeyscientistonspaceprogramsandrocketry火箭技术ofthePeople’sRepublicofChinA.ThispioneeringscientistpassedawayinBeijingonOctober31in2009attheageof98.OncecalledthefatherofourspaceindustryQianbeganworkingonChina’smissileandspacetechnologyin1956whenChinahadlittletechnology.WhenaskedbyGeneralChenGengwhethertheChinesecoulddeveloptheirownmissilesQiansaidChinesecoulddoanythingthatforeignerscoulD.HisresearchhelpedleadtotheexplosionofChina’sfirstatomicbomb原子弹in1964aswellastoitsfirstman-madesatellitein1970anditsfirstmannedspacecraftin2003.QianwasborninShanghai.HegraduatedfromShanghaiJiaotongUniversityin1934.ThenhestudiedintheUSattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyandlaterattheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology.DuringWorldWarⅡQian’sresearchcontributedtothedevelopmentofrockettechnologythattheUSmilitary军队beganusinginthe1940s.Hewasoncepreventedfromleavingthecountrybecauseitwasdecidedthatheknewtoomuchaboutcertainmilitarymatters.Itwasnotuntilin1955thatQianreturnedtoChinawiththehelpofthelatepremierZhouEnlai.IplantodomybesttohelptheChinesebuildanationwheretheycanlivewithdignity尊严andhappinessQiantoldreportersbeforesailingforChinain1955.ThegreatscientistdevotedallhislifetokeepingthepromisE.56.Whatisthearticlemainlyabout?A.ItgivesashorthistoryofChinesemissileandspaceprograms.B.ItisabouthowQiancontributedtotheChinesespaceprogram.C.ItlistsimportanteventsthatQianexperienceD.D.ItisabriefintroductiontoQianafamousChinesescientist.57.WhichstatementaboutQianisTRUE?A.HewasborninChinaandbroughtupinAmericA.B.HewenttoAmericaforfurtherstudyaftergraduationfromuniversity.C.Hereturnedtohishometownrightafterfinishinghiseducation.D.HehadworkedonmissilesintheUSmilitarybeforecomingbacktoChinA.58.QianwaspersonallyinvolvedinmanyhistoriceventsinChinaEXCEPT.A.thefirstspacewalkB.thefirstman-madesatelliteC.thedevelopmentofmissilesD.theexplosionofanatomicbomb59.Fromthearticlewecanconcludethat.A.theUSmilitaryhadhopedtotakefulladvantageofQian’stalentB.QianhadanimportantpositionintheUSmilitaryinthe1940sC.whenWorldWarbrokeoutQianwasstudyingatShanghaiJiaotongUniversityDitwasnoteasytogetQianbackfromtheUS
- Whatwillmanbelikeinthefuture-in5000oreven50000yearsfromnow?Wecanonlymakeguessesofcoursebutwecanbesurethathewillbedifferentfromwhatheistoday.FormanisslowlychangingallthetimE.LetustakeanobviousexamplE.Manevenfivehundredyearsagowasshorterthanheistoday.Nowonaveragemenareaboutthreeinchestaller.Fivehundredyearsisrelativelyshortperiodoftimesowemaysupposethatmanwillcontinuetogrowtaller.Againinthemodernworldweuseourbrainsagreatdeal.Evensowestillmakeuseofonlyabout20%ofthebrain'scapacity.Astimegoesonhoweverweshallhavetouseourbrainsmoreandmoreandeventuallyweshallneedlargerones!Thisislikelytobringaboutaphysicalchangetotheheadinparticulartheforeheadwillgrowlarger.NowadaysoureyesareinconstantusE.Infactweusethemsomuchthatveryoftentheybecomeweakerandwehavetowearglasses.Butoververylongperiodoftimeitislikelythatman'seyeswillgrowstronger.Ontheotherhandwetendtomakelessuseofourarmsandlegs.Theseasaresultarelikelytogrowweaker.AtthesametimehoweverourfingerswillgrowmoresensitivebecausetheyareusedagreatdealinmodernlifE.Butwhatabouthair?Thiswillprobablydisappearfromthebodyaltogetherincourseoftimebecauseitdoesnotserveausefulpurposeanylonger.InthefuturethenbothsexesarelikelytobebalD.Perhapsallthisgivestheimpressionthatfuturemanwillnotbeaveryattractivecreaturetolookat!ThismaywellbetruE.AllthesameinspiteofallthesechangesfuturemanwillstillhavealotincommonwithusE.Hewillstillbeahumanbeingwiththoughtsandemotionssimilartoourown.66.Thepassagemainlytellsusthat________.A.man'slifewillbedifferentinthefutureB.futuremanwilllookquitedifferentfromusC.manisgrowingtallerastimepassesD.manwilldisappear67.Whatservesastheevidence证据thatmanischanging?A.ManhasgotstrongereyesnowthanheeverhaD.B.Man'shairisgettingthinnerandthinner.C.Man'sarmsandlegshavebecomelighterandweaker.D.Manhasbeengrowingtalleroverthepast500years.68.Thechangeinman'ssizeofforeheadisprobablybecause________.A.hemakesuseonly20%ofthebrain'scapacityB.hisbrainhasgrownlargeroverthepastcenturiesC.theother80%ofhisbrainwillgrowinduetimeD.hewillusehisbrainmoreandmoreastimegoeson69.Whatistrueaboutahumanbeinginthefuture?A.Heishairlessbecausehairisnolongeruseful.B.Hehassmallereyesandwearsbetterglasses.C.Hisfingersgrowweakerbecausehedoesn'thavetomakeuseofthem.D.Hethinksandfeelsindifferentway.70.Wecaninferthat_______.A.humanbeingswillbecomelessattractiveinthefuturE.B.lessuseofabodilyorganmayleadtoitsbecomingworseC.humanbeingshopeforachangeinthefuturelifeD.futurelifeisalwayspredictable
- Sincethe1970sscientistshavebeensearchingforwaystolinkthebrainwithcomputers.BraincomputerinterfaceBCItechnologycouldhelppeoplewithdisabilitiessendcommandstomachines.RecentlytworesearchersJoseMillanandMicheleTavellafromtheFederalPolytechnicSchoolinLausanneSwitzerlanddemonstrated展示asmallroboticwheelchairdirectedbyaperson’sthoughts.InthelaboratoryTavellaoperatedthewheelchairjustbythinkingaboutmovinghisleftorrighthanD.Hecouldeventalkashewatchedthevehicleandguideditwithhisthoughts.Ourbrainhasbillionsofnervecells.Thesesendsignalsthroughthespinalcord脊髓tothemusclestogiveustheabilitytomovE.Butspinalcordinjuriesorotherconditionscanpreventtheseweakelectricalsignalsfromreachingthemuscles.Tavellasays.Oursystemallowsdisabledpeopletocommunicatewithexternalworldandalsotocontroldevices.Theresearchersdesignedaspecialcapfortheuser.Thisheadcoverpicksupthesignalsfromthescalp头皮andsendsthemtoacomputer.Thecomputerinterpretsthesignalsandcommandsthemotorizedwheelchair.Thewheelchairalsohastwocamerasthatidentifyobjectsinitspath.Theyhelpthecomputerreacttocommandsfromthebrain.Prof.Millantheteamleadersaysscientistskeepimprovingthecomputersoftwarethatinterpretsbrainsignalsandturnsthemintosimplecommands.ThepracticalpossibilitiesthatBCItechnologyofferstodisabledpeoplecanbegroupedintwocategories:communicationandcontrollingdevices.Oneexampleisthiswheelchair.Hesayshisteamhassettwogoals.Oneistestingwithrealpatientssoastoprovethatthisisatechnologytheycanbenefitfrom.AndtheotheristoguaranteethattheycanusethetechnologyoverlongperiodsoftimE.66.BCIisatechnologythatcan________.A.helptoupdatecomputersystemsB.linkthehumanbrainwithcomputersC.helpthedisabledtorecoverD.controlaperson'sthoughts67.HowdidTavellaoperatethewheelchairinthelaboratory?A.Bycontrollinghismuscles.B.BytalkingtothemachinE.C.BymovinghishanD.D.ByusinghisminD.68.WhichofthefollowingshowsthepathofthesignalsdescribedinParagraph5?A.scalp→computer→cap→wheelchairB.computer→cap→scalp→wheelchairC.scalp→cap→computer→wheelchairD.cap→computer→scalp→wheelchair69.Theteamwilltestwithrealpatientsto________.A.makeprofitsfromthemB.provethetechnologyusefultothemC.makethemlivelongerD.learnabouttheirphysicalcondition70.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SwitzerlandtheBCIResearchCenterB.NewFindingsaboutHowtheHumanBrainWorksC.BCICouldMeanMoreFreedomfortheDisabledD.RoboticVehiclesCouldHelptoCureBrainInjuries
- Rooftopscoveredwithplants—calledgreenroofs—couldhelpfightglobalwarmingscientistsnowsuggest.GreenroofsaregrowingmorepopularincitieswiththenumberofgreenroofsInGermanywidelyconsideredtheleaderingreenroofingsome12percentofallflatroofsaregreenwiththeGermangreenroofindustrygrowing10to15percentannually.Theseroofscanreduceheatingandairconditioningcostswitharoughly10percentreductioninnaturalgasusageanda2percentdropinelectricityuseforatypicalbuilding.Moreovergreenroofslasttwotothreetimeslongerthanstandardroofs.Theyalsostorestormwaterwhichcouldotherwiseexacerbate加剧flooding.Theycanalsobringinbirdsandbutterflieshelpimprovebiodiversity多样性Rowesaid.Inadditiontotakinginpollutionandnoisetheplantsingreenroofsnaturallyabsorbcarbondioxidetheleadinggreenhousegasbehindglobalwarming.HoweverScientistsatMichiganStateUniversityfoundthatreplacingtraditionalroofingmaterialswithgreenroofsinanurbanareathesizeofDetroitwithapopulationofaboutonemillionwouldtakedioxidesentoutby10000mid-sizedSUVsandtrucks.ThechallengesgreenroofsnowfaceintheUnitedStatesaresomethingaboutpolicyandcosts.Thegovernmentshouldnotnecessarilymandate强制执行thembutitcanprovidesupportforthemjustastheydoinGermanyandelsewhereRowetoldliveSciencE.Andgreenroofsaremoreexpensivebutonlyinitially.Overtimethey’recheaperonceyouconsidertheirbenefitsenergy-wisE.Ittakesabout11to14yearstobreakeven.64.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Greenroofsarebecomingmorepopularincitiesandruralareas.B.Theseroofscandecreaseheatingandairconditioningcosts.C.Greenroofsisofgreatbenefittocontrolglobalwarming.D.Greenroofsnowfacethechallengesoflawandtechnology.65.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Greenroofscantakeintheleadinggreenhousegasbehindglobalwarming.B.Itiseasierforgreenroofstobreakthanstandardroofs.C.A.buildingwithagreenrooftakeslessenergytobeheateD.D.Greenroofsareofhigherbuildingcost.66.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat_____.A.RoweisnotoptimisticaboutthefutureofgreenroofsB.GermanyhasmadeitaruletobuildgreenroofsC.theUnitedStatesiswidelyconsideredtheleaderingreenroofingD.greenroofscanattractbirdsandbutterflies
- WhilesomescientistsoverlooktheexistenceofasixthsensefordangeranewresearchfromWashingtonUniversityinSt.Louishasidentifiedabrainareathatclearlyactsasanearlywarningsystemandhelpsusadjustourbehaviortoavoiddangeroussituations.OurbrainsarebetteratpickingupnotobviouswarningsignsthanwepreviouslythoughtsaidJoshuaBrownPhDaresearchassociateinpsychologyintheFeB.18issueofthejournalSciencE.ThefindingsofferexactscientificevidenceforanewwaytoformaconceptofthecomplexcontrolprocessestakingplaceinandaroundtheACCabrainarealocatednearthetopofthefrontallobes耳垂andalongthewallsthatdividetheleftandrighthemispheres大脑半球.InthepastwefoundactivityintheACCwhenpeoplehadtomakeadifficultdecisionoraftertheymakeamistakeBrownsaiD.ButnowwefindthatthisbrainareacanactuallylearntorecognizewhenyoumightmakeamistakeevenbeforeadifficultdecisionhastobemadE.SotheACCappearstoactasanearlywarningsystem——itlearnstowarnusinadvancewhenourbehaviormightleadtoanegativeoutcomesothatwecanbemorecarefulandavoidmakingamistakE.Byprovidingaclearerpictureofthecognitivemechanisms认知结构bywhichweselfmonitorandcontrolourbehaviorthestudyisanimportantstepineffortstodevelopmoreeffectivetreatmentsformentalillnesses.Italsoprovidesanewwayofunderstandinginappropriatebehaviorsthatoftenaccompanymentalillnesses.OurresultssuggesthowinjuryoftheACCmechanismscanleadtobreakdownsintheearlywarningsystemsothatthebrainfailstostoporcontrolinappropriatebehavioraheadoftimesaidBrown.OntheotherhandinthosepersonswithmentaldisordertheACCmightwarnofanupcomingproblemevenwhennoproblemisintheexistencE.Knowntobeanimportantpartofthebrain'scontrolsystemtheACCisbelievedtohelpadjustbetweencoldhardfact-basedreasoningandemotionalresponsessuchaslovefearorexpectation.68.AccordingtothepassagetheACC____________.A.referstothesixthsensefordangerB.dealswithobviouswarningsituationsC.connectstheleftandrighthemispheresD.sendswarningmessagesinadvance69.Thenewresearchisbeneficialbecauseit________.A.providesanewwayofavoidingmistakesB.adjustsemotionalresponsesintimeofdangerC.helpsfindbettertreatmentsformentalillnessesD.assistspeopleinpredictingandavoidingdanger70.Thenewresearchhelpsusunderstand_________.A.whywearelikelytomakemistakeswhentheACCisbadlyinjuredB.whypeoplewithmentalillnessesusuallyhavesomanystrangebehaviorsC.howtheACCworkswhensomethingdangeroushappensD.howourbrainwarnsusoffailureinadvance
- IfanoisyneighborisblastingmusicatallhoursofthedayandnightdrowningoutyourphoneconversationsandinterruptingyoursleepyoucancallthepolicE.Butwhatisawhaletodo?Naturalnoisefromwaveswindrainandevenearthquakesiscommoninoceans.Unfortunatelyman-madenoisefromoilandgasdrillingsonarandshipsisalsopresent.LowfrequencynoisehasdoubledofftheCaliforniacoasteverydecadesincethenineteensixties.Themainreasonsareships’propellers螺旋桨.Theynotonlygeneratecontinuouslowfrequencysoundsomepropellerscavitate形成气穴whichmeanstheycreateairbubblesthatcollapsecreatingloudpoppingsounds.Whalesuselowfrequencycallstocommunicateacrossthousandsofmilesofocean.Theyarethreatenedbynoisepollutionbecauseitcanpreventthemfromcontactingeachotherandfromlocatingtheirfoods.Endangeredhumpbackandrightwhaleswhichusefibrousbaleentostrainfoodfromthewaterarethemostatrisk.ScientistsstudyingrightwhalesoffCanada’seastcoasthavediscoveredthatwhalesaresendingloudercallsthroughthewatertomakethemselveshearD.Becausetheyinvestmoreenergyinmakingcallstheyhavelessenergyavailableforfindingfoodandmating.OtherscientistsmeasuringwhalecallsagainstbackgroundnoisepollutionhavediscoveredthatrightwhaleshavelostabouteightypercentoftheirnormalcommunicationareA.Thiscouldseriouslyaffectsurvivalofthisalreadythreatenedspecies.Scientistsdon’thavebadgesandgunsbuttheyaretryingtocorrectthenoisepollutionproblem.Bytrackingshipsandmarinemammalsandunderstandinghownoisetravelstheyarecreatingsoundmaps.Theyhopetogetshippinglanesmovedsothatthenoisepollutionshipscreatewillnotoverlapwithareasmostimportanttothewhales.71.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.WhalesareindangerbecauseofthenoisE.B.Noisepollutionisaffectingwhales.C.Naturalnoiseisgoodforwhales.D.HowtoprotectwhalesendangereD.72.ThefollowingstatementsaretrueEXCEPT________.A.YoucancallthepoliceifyouaredisturbedbyanoiseneighborB.LowfrequencynoisehasdoubledofftheCanadiancoasteverydecadesince1960s.C.Noisepollutioncanpreventwhalesfromcontactingeachotherandfromlocatingprey.D.Endangeredhumpbackandrightwhalesarethemostatrisk.73.Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthat________.A.Someareasimportanttowhalesareoverlappedwiththeshiplanes.B.Scientistsarecreatingthesoundmapsbytrackingshipsandmarinemammals.C.Ifscientistshavegunstheycancorrectthenoisepollution.D.Scientistshaveworkedoutaplantoprotectthewhales.74.Accordingtoscientists________.A.RightwhalesofftheCaliforniancoasthavebeenindangerbecauseofthelossoftheenergy.B.RightwhalescannotfindfoodandmatefortheylosealotoflivingareA.C.Thereareabout20%ofthenormalcommunicationareasstillavailablefortherightwhales.D.Therightwhalesalwaysinvestmostoftheirenergyformakingcalls.75.Accordingtothedescriptionofwhaleswecanknowthat________.A.ThenoisemadebytheshipshasabadeffectontheareawherewhaleslivE.B.Whalescancommunicatewitheachotherbydivingintothedeepwater.C.Whalescannotfindmatesbecausetheydon’thaveenoughenergy.D.Thecommunicationbetweenwhalesisthroughlowfrequencycalls
- ThesurprisingexperimentIamabouttodescribeprovesthatairisallaroundyouandthatitpresseddownuponyou.AirpressureisapowerfulforcE.Whenyouswimunderwateryoucanfeelwaterpushingonyourbody.TheairallaroundyoudoesthesamE.Howeveryourbodyissousedtoitthatyoudonotnoticethis.ThepressureiscausedbyalayerofaircalledtheatmospherE.Thislayersurroundstheearthextendingtoaboutfivekilometersabovetheearth’ssurfacE.ThefollowingexperimentisaneasyonethatyoucandoitathomE.Butmakesurethatyouaresupervisedbecauseyouwillneedtousematches.Nowfortheexperiment!Whatyouneed:·Ahard-boiledeggwithouttheshell·Abottlewithaneckslightlysmallerthantheegg·Apieceofpaper·AmatchMethod:CheckthattheeggwillsitfirmlyontheneckofthebottlE.TearthepaperintostripesandputthestripesintothebottlE.LightthepaperbydroppingaburningmatchintothebottlE.QuicklysittheeggontheneckofthebottlE.Result:AstonishinglytheeggwillbesuckedintothebottlE.Yourfriendswillbeamazedwhenyoushowthemtheexperiment.Butbecarefulwhenyouhandlethematches.WhyithappenedAsthepaperburnsitneedsoxygenandusesuptheoxygenairinthebottlE.TheeggactsasasealintheneckofthebottlesonomoreaircangetinsidE.ThisreducestheairpressureinsidethebottlE.TheairpressuremustequalizesomoreairfromoutsidemustenterthebottlE.Theoutsideairpressedagainsttheeggandthentheeggispushedintothebottle!Thisprovesthatairisallaroundandthatitispressingdownonus.59.Whyistheretheneedtotakecarewhenyouaredoingtheexperiment?A.Thebottlecouldbreak.B.Youneedtolightthepaperwithamatch.C.TheeggneedstobeshelleD.D.TheegghastobeperfectlyplacedontheneckofthebottlE.60.Intheexperimenttheburninginsidethebottlecan___.A.equalizetheairpressureinsidethebottlE.B.makeasealintheneckofthebottlE.C.finishuptheoxygeninsidethebottlE.D.producemoreoxygeninsidethebottlE.61.Howdidtheegggetintothebottle?A.Theoxygeninsidethebottlesuckedtheeggin.B.Itbecamesoftwithouttheshell.C.Theneckofthebottlewaswideenough.D.TheoutsideairpressureforceditintothebottlE.62.Theexperimentiscarriedtoprove___.A.waterpushesonyourbodywhenyouswimunderwater.B.theearthissurroundedbyalayerofaircalledtheatmospherE.C.thepressureofairaroundushasapowerfulforcE.D.theairpressureisnotequalizedaroundus.
- AsandstormhitGansuProvinceInnerMongoliaAutonomousRegion内蒙古自治区andBeijingonSundayreducingvisibility能见度tolessthan100metersinaffectedareas.Whenvisibilitydropstolessthan1kilometeritiscalledasandstorm.ThesandstorminMinqinblewupdustinneighboringtownssuchasBaiyinWuweiandJinchang.DustwindsalsosweptintoBeijingatmorethan20metersperseconD.Dustfirstreachedthecapital’ssuburbsat7A.m.downtownareasat9A.m.ThePalaceMuseumincentralBeijingwascoveredinthickbrown-yellowdustatnoon.Thewindswhichdieddownduringthenightbroughtthetemperaturedownto8℃belowzeroandmanyflightsputofftheirplannedtimefromthecity’sairport.AlthoughtheChineseCentralWeatherhadforecastthesandstormonTuesdayandwarnedcitizenstoprepareforitmanypeoplewereshockedbytheyellowsky.WangHongshengaseniorcitizenlivinginBeijingformorethan60yearssaidsuchweatherhadseldombeenseeninrecentyears.Inthenorthwesternpartofthecitytheskywasdarkenedbythesandforcingcarsandshopstoturnontheirlights.ItisquiterareforsandstormswhicharefrequentbetweenMarchandJunetohappeninwinterwhentheearthisfrozen.ThesandstormsinGansuandInnerMongoliadonotnecessarilymeantherewillbemoreoftheminthespringthanlastyearbutBeijingistakingitveryseriously.ItisreportedthatBeijingwillspend6billionyuaninpreventingsandstormsinthecapitalandhasalreadysetupaspecialteamtomakesurewhatcausesthem.72.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.A.sandstormtookplaceinGansu.B.A.sandstormhappenedonSunday.C.Thesandstormisveryseriouscomparedtolastyear.D.Theexpertsaretryingtheirbesttodeterminethecauseofthesandstormformedthisyear.73.WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTbelongtothebadeffectsthesandstormhascausedinBeijing?A.Thetemperaturefell.B.Flightsputofftheirtimetotakeoff.C.Theairwasdirty.D.Peoplehadthreedays’leavE.74.Whydidsandstormsbegininwinterthisyear?A.Becausetherewaslittlesnowthisseason.B.Becausealotoftreeshadbeencutdown.C.Becausepeopletookfewmeasurestocontrolthem.D.ItisnotmentionedinthepassagE.75.Theauthorwrotethepassageto___.A.tellustheenvironmentisbecomingworseandworseB.explainwhatmeasurespeoplehavetakentocontrolsandstormsC.makepeoplerealizetheneedtoprotecttheenvironmentD.callonustodowhatwecantosavetheeart
- Togetyourfamilyworkingandlearningtogether~andalsohelpsomebeautifulinsectsinspring一tryabackyardbutterflygarden.Withjustalittleplanningyoucancreateanattractivehabitatforbutterflies.Thebiggestproblemfacingbutterfliesisdestructionofhabitat.Evenifyourgardenoffersjustafewbutterfly-friendlyflowersinpotsorcontainersitcanhelptheinsects'populationjustlikechickensoupforacolD.ChoosespecialplantsonwhichbutterfliesfeeD.Whereveryouaresimpleflowerssuchasdaisiesandvioletscanserveasbutterfly-friendlysnackingspots.Somemilkweedscanbeespeciallytastytosomebutterflies.Theyprovideaplaceforthemtostoptoo.Understandthatcaterpillars毛毛虫thebutterflies'babiesaregoingtoeattheplantsinthegardenincludingsomevegetablesyoumayhaveplannedtoserveatyourdinnertablE.Howeveryou'llberewardedforthesacrificewhencaterpillarsturnintoflyingbutterflies.Avoidusingpesticides杀虫剂onvegetablegardensforthesakeofbutterflies.Puttomatoleavesovernightinwaterandthenspraythesolutionontoplantsasaneffectiveandnaturalpesticidethatwon'tharmbutterflies.Butterflygardeningcanbebudget-friendlytoo.Don'toverlooksmallerlesscostlyflowersthatwillattracttinybutlovelybutterflies.PlantsnativetoyourregionaremostbeneficialtotheenvironmentandrequirelessmaintenancE.Butterfliesenjoybeingexposedtothesun.Putflatrocksnearfeedingspotsforthemtorest.Whilebutterfliescangetmostwatertheyneedfromfeedingmanylikegatheringaroundwetplaces.SimplycreateadampareaofgroundwhichbutterfliescaneasilyseeandwheretheyareshelteredfromthewinD.Don'tbedisappointedifyoudon'tdrawalotofbutterfliesimmediately.Justkeepatitandthey'llfindyouryarD.66.What'sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Waysbutterfliessetuptheirhabitatinspring.B.Anadvertisementpromotingbutterfliestogardeners.C.Approachestofeedingbutterfliesatlowcost.D.Adviceoncreatingabutterfly-friendlygarden.67.Thereasonforchoosingspecialflowersandmilkweedsisthatthey_______A.providebutterflieswiththeirfoodB.serveasaspottorestforbutterfliesC.harvestvegetablesfordinnertableD.tastedelicioustosomecaterpillars68.TheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph4suggeststhat_______A.butterfliesalwaysliveoncaterpillarsB.keepingabutterflygardenmakesnosenseC.it'sworthwhiletokeepabutterflygardenD.caterpillarsmayeatsomebutterflies69.Theunderlinedwordsolutioninthefifthparagraphrefersto_______A.solidchemicalfromthetomatoleavesB.liquidusedtokilltheharmfulinsectsC.amethodusedtosolveaproblemD.adeviceusedtocatchbutterflies70.Accordingtothepassage_______.A.cheaperwildflowersshouldbeavoidedB.abutterflygardencanbeplannedinacheapwayC.nativeplantsareusuallyexpensivetokeepD.havingabutterflygardenmustbeverycostly
- Maniseagertodrawquickprofitfromthetrees.TwothousandyearsagoarichandpowerfulcountrycutdownitstreestobuildwarshipswithwhichtogainitselfanempirE.Itgainedtheempirebutwithoutitstreesitssoilbecamehardandpoorwhichresultedinfloodsandstarvation.Eventhoughagovernmentrealizestheimportanceofaplentifulsupplyoftreesitisdifficultforittopersuadeitsvillagerstoseethis.Thevillagerswantwoodtocooktheirfoodwithandtheycanearnmoneybymakingcharcoal木炭orsellingwoodinthetown.Sounlessthegovernmenthasagoodsystemofcontrolorcaneducatethepeopletheforestswillslowlydisappear.Thisdoesnotonlymeanthatthevillagers’childrenandgrandchildrenhavefewertrees.Theresultsareevenmoreserious.Forwheretherearetreestheirrootsbreakthesoilup—allowingtheraintosinkinandalsoholdthesoilthuspreventingitfrombeingwashedawayeasilybutwheretherearenotreesthesoilbecomeshardandpoor.Therainfallsonhardgroundandflowsawayonthesurfacecausingfloodsandcarryingawaywithittherichtopsoilinwhichcropsgrowsowell.Whenallthetopsoilisgonenothingremainsbutaworthlessdesert.50.Thepurposeofwritingthepassageisto______.A.tellpeopletheuseofwoodB.tellpeoplethefunctionoftreerootsC.warnthatmanmustn’tdestroyforestsanymoreD.explainhowtreeshelptopreventdroughtandfloods51.Inthewriter’sopinion______ortheforestswillgraduallydisappear.A.measuresmustbetakenB.peopleshouldn’tdrawbenefitfromtreesC.governmentmustrealizetheseriousresultsD.unlesstreesneverbecutdown52.Fromthepassagewelearnitis______topreventtheforestsfromslowlydisappearing.A.necessarybutimpossibleB.necessarybutdifficultC.impossibleandunimportantD.difficultandimpossible53.Inthelastparagraphthewriterwantedtomakeitclearthat______.A.wheretherearenotreesthesoilbecomespoorbutsoftB.wheretherearemanytreestherearemorefloodsC.wheretherearenotreesthelandmightslowlybecomedesertD.floodswillmakethelandbecomedesert
- DeathValleyisoneofthemostfamousdesertsintheUnitedStatescoveringawideareawithitsalkalisanD.Almost20percentofthisareaiswellbelowsealevelandBadwaterasaltwaterpoolisabout280feetbelowsealevelandthelowestpointintheUnitedStates.LongagothePanamintIndianscalledthisplaceTomesha—thelandoffirE.DeathValley’spresentnamedatesbackto1849whenagroupofminerscomingacrossfromNevadabecamelostinitsunpleasantnessandhugenessandtheiradventureturnedouttobeasadstory.TodayDeathValleyhasbeendeclaredaNationalMonument纪念碑andiscrossedbyseveralwell-markedroadswheregoodservicescanbefoundeasily.LuckilythechangecreatedbyhumansettlementhashardlyruinedthespecialbeautyofthisplacE.Herenaturecreatedalotofsurprisingalmostlikethesightsonthemoonever-changingasthefrequentwindmovesthesandaboutshowingthemostunusualcolors.OneofthemostastonishingandvariablepartsofDeathValleyistheDevil’sGolfCoursewhereitseemshardforonetotellrealityfromterribledreams.Sandsculptures沙雕standonafrighteninggroundaseveningshadowsmoveandlengthen.62._______isthelowestplaceinthedesert.A.TomeshaB.DeathValleyC.BadwaterD.Nevada63.Thenameofthevalleycomesfrom_______.A.anIndiannameB.aNationalMovementC.thelocalpeopleD.thedeathoftheminers64.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat_______.A.noonehadeverknownthedesertbeforetheminersB.it’sstillnoteasytotravelacrossthedesertC.peoplecanfindgas-stationscafesandhotelsinthedesertD.peoplehavechangedthenaturalsightofthedesert65.DevilGolfCourseisfamousfor_______.A.thefrequentwindB.thecolorsofthesandC.thesandsculpturesD.dream-likesights66.Fromthepassagewecanseethatthewriter_______theDeathValley.A.isfearfulofB.appreciatesC.dislikesD.istiredof
- We'renearingthepeakofthe11-yearsolarcyclesodouble-checkyourGPSandwatchwhereyou'regoing.OnThursdaythesunsuddenlygaveoffamassivesolarflarE.Solarflarescandisrupt使中断radiocommunicationsincludingdevicesthatuseGlobalPositioningSystemtechnologysuchascellphonesairplanesandcarnavigation导航systems.Soifyou'rerelyingonyourGPSfordrivingdirectionstofindyourlocationonyourphone'smappingtoolorforanyotherpurposehaveabackupnavigationsystemhandysuchasaprintedmap.Evenmoreimportantlypaycloseattentiontowhereyouareandwhereyou'regoing.Don'trelysolelyonyourGPStogiveyoudirections.In2006researchfromCornellUniversityprovedthatsolarflarescancauseGPSdevicestolosesignal.Thiscancausethesedevicestotemporarilymisrepresentyourlocationorotherwisemalfunction.Ifyou'redrivingtothebeachusingyourcar’snavigationsystemyou'llbeOK.Ifyou'reonacommercialairplaneinzerovisibilityweathermaybenotsaidtheresearchersandtheywarnedthatafter2011therewouldprobablybelotsofGPSdisruptions.Inadditionsolarflarescandisruptpowersystems.ThisweekNationalGeographicreported:UndertherightconditionssolarstormscancreateextraelectricalcurrentsinEarth'smagnetosphere--theregionaroundtheplanetcontrolledbyourmagnetic磁的fielD.Theelectricalpowergrid电网isparticularlylikelytobeaffectedbytheseextracurrentswhichcangointohigh-voltagetransmissionlinescausingtransformerstooverheatandpossiblyburnout.Acrossthenationelectricservicesandgridoperatorsarepreparingtorespondtosuchproblems.Anumberofsuchblastsareexpectedoverthenextthreetofiveyears--andthebiggestflaresareyettocomE.Thisweek'sflareregisteredM9.3aboutthehighestlevelinthemediumcategory.LargerflaresthatfallintotheXcategorycancauseglobalradioblackoutsbutlargeM-classflaresalsocancauseradiodisruptions.Thisisoneofaseriesofrecentchainreactionsofseverespaceweatherasthesolarcycleapproachessolarmaximumin2013.OthermajorflarescameinFebruaryandJuneandmoremayfollow.Remembertokeepthoseprintedmapshandy.72.________canhelpyoubetterifmassivesolarflaresbreakout.A.Thephone’smappingtool.B.GlobalPositioningSystem.C.Carnavigationsystems.D.TheprintedmapathanD.73.Theunderlinedwordmalfunctionrefersto________.A.operatesmoothly.B.failtorunproperlyC.crashasdirectedD.manageappropriately74.Howmanymajorflareshavebrokenoutaccordingtothepassage?A.OnceB.TwiceC.ThreetimesD.Fourtimes75.Whichwillprobablybethemostsuitabletitle?A.RecentsolarflaremaydisruptyourGPSB.2013thesolarcycleapproachesmaximumC.CornellUniversity’sresearchonthesolarflareD.NeverrelyonyourGPSfordirectionsanylonger
- Onewouldhavetobeafooltooverlooktheimportanceofusingpositivethinkingforyouratherthanallowingnegativethinkingtoworkagainstyou.Inrecentyearsresearchinpsychopharmacology精神药理学hasprovedhowmanypeoplehaveknownoverthecenturies:apositiveattitudeisgoodforyougoodforyourhealthgoodforyourwealthgoodforeverything.Researchersfoundthatapositiveattitudeproducesaspecificchemicalreactionwhichmakespeoplefeelbetterwhilenegativethinkingresultsinadeclineofhormone荷尔蒙andshutsdowntheimmune免疫的system.Thisleadstoillnessanddepression.Positivethoughtswillmakeyoufeelbetter.Evenifyoumustbeginbyliterallyforcingyourselftobepositivefakingitsotospeakitwillbecomecontagious会传播的andthepositivethoughtswillgeneratenicelittlechemicalsandgoodfeelingswhichwillreinforcethepositivethoughts.Forexampleifyouforceyourselftosmileorlaughevenwhenyoudon'tfeellikesmilingorlaughingifyoukeepatitforafewminutesyouwillsoonfeellikeit.Feelingscangeneratethoughtsbutthoughtscanalsogeneratefeelings.Controlyourthoughtsandyoucancontrolyourfeelings.Positivethinkingisimportantinallaspectsofourlives.ThereisprobablynosinglefactormoreimportantindeterminingyoursuccessinachievingyourcareerobjectivesthanyourownattitudE.It'softenbeensaidthatinthelandoftheblindtheone-eyedmanisking.Andintheofficeofmilitant好战negativismthepositiveworkersshinelikegolD.Youcannotcontrolexternaleventsbutyoucanlearntocontrolyourreactiontothoseeventsandtherebyhaveapositiveattitudeandbehappy.Thisvitalkeytosuccessistotallywithinyourcontrol.Useit.62.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.A.positivethinkingcancureyouofyourdiseasesB.positivethinkingcaneasilybegeneratedbyanyoneC.adeclineofhormonemaycauseyoutobedepressedD.aspecificchemicalreactionisthecauseofnegativethinking63.Accordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingistrue?A.Feelingandthoughtscangenerateeachother.B.It'seasiertocontrolthoughtsthantocontrolfeelings.C.YoursuccessdependswhollyonyourattitudE.D.Keepingsmilingwillsurelymakeyousuccessful.64.Justlikeaone-eyedmaninthelandoftheblindyoushould.A.takepositiveattitudeintheofficeofmilitantnegativismB.bekinginyourofficeC.paynoattentiontowhatisgoingonaroundyouD.controlyourfeelingtowhatishappeningtoyou65.Thebesttitletothepassageis.A.ThinkingBenefitsPeopleB.WhyShouldPeopleThinkC.PositiveThinkingandNegativeThinkingD.Thinking:TheVitalWay
- Birdsthatarehalf-asleep—withonebrainhemispherealertandtheothersleeping—controlwhichsideofthebrainremainsawakeaccordingtoanewstudyofsleepingducks.Earlierstudieshavedocumentedhalf-brainsleepinawiderangeofbirds.Thebrainhemispherestaketurnssinkingintothesleepstagecharacterizedbyslowbrainwaves.Theeyecontrolledbythesleepinghemispherekeepsshutwhilethewakefulhemisphere’seyestaysopenandalert.BirdsalsocansleepwithbothhemispheresrestingatoncE.Decadesofstudiesofbirdgroupsledresearcherstopredictextraalertnessintheend-of-the-rowsleeperswhichtendtobeattackedmoreeasily.Sureenoughtheendbirdstendedtowatchcarefullyonthesideawayfromtheircompanions.Ducksintheinnerspotsshowednopreferenceforgazedirection.Alsobirdsnappingattheendofthelinedependonsingle-hemispheresleepratherthantotalrelaxationmoreoftenthaninnerducksdiD.Turning16birdsthroughthepositionsinafour-duckrowtheresearchersfoundthatcomparedwith12percentforbirdsininternalspotsouterbirdshalf-asleepduringsome32percentofnappingtimE.Webelievethisisthefirstevidenceforananimalbehaviorallycontrollingsleepandwakefulnessatthesametimeindifferentregionsofthebraintheresearcherssay.Theresultsprovidethebestevidenceforalong-standingassumptionthatsingle-hemispheresleepevolvedascreaturesscannedforenemies.Thepreferenceforopeninganeyeonthelookoutsidecouldbewidespreadhepredicts.He’sseenitinapairofbirdsnappingside-by-sideinthezooandinasinglepetbirdsleepingbyamirror.Themirror-sideeyeclosedasifthereflectionwereacompanionandtheothereyestayedopen.Usefulashalf-sleepingmightbeit’sonlybeenfoundinbirdsandsuchwateranimalsasdolphinswhalesandseals.Perhapskeepingonesideofthebrainawakeallowsasleepinganimaltosurfaceoccasionallytoavoiddrowning.Studiesofbirdsmayofferuniqueinsightsintosleep.JeromeM.SiegeloftheUCLAsayshewondersifbirds’half-brainsleepisjustthetipoftheiceberg.Hesupposesthatmoreexamplesmayturnupwhenwetakeacloserlookatotherspecies.77.Accordingtothepassagebirdsoftenhalfsleepbecause______.A.theyhavetowatchoutforpossibleattacksB.theirbrainhemispherestaketurnstorestC.thetwohalvesoftheirbrainaredifferentlystructuredD.theyhavetoconstantlykeepaneyeontheircompanions78.Whatisimpliedabouttheexampleofabird’ssleepinginfrontofamirror?A.Animaginedcompaniongivesthebirdasenseofsecurity.B.Birdsprefertosleepinpairstoamusethemselves.C.ThephenomenonofbirdsnappinginpairsiswidespreaD.D.A.singlepetbirdenjoysseeingitsownreflectioninthemirror.79.Whilesleepingsomewateranimalstendtokeephalfawakeinorderto______.A.alertthemselvestotheapproachingenemyB.emergefromwaternowandthentobreatheC.besensitivetotheever-changingenvironmentD.avoidbeingsweptawaybyrapidcurrents80.BysayingjustthetipoftheicebergSiegelsuggeststhat______.A.half-brainsleephassomethingtodowithicyweatherB.themysteryofhalf-brainsleepisclosetobeingsolvedC.mostbirdslivingincoldregionstendtobehalfsleepersD.half-brainsleepmayexistamongotherspecies
- Lighterandcheaperthanhigh-qualityvideocamerastoday’sbestsmartphonescanshootandedithigh-definitionHDvideos.Withlower-qualitylenses透镜andimagesensorssmartphonesprobablywon’treplaceprofessionalvideocamerasanytimesoon.Stillsomecreativefilmmakersareextendingthebordersofsmartphonemoviemakingbyshootingprofessional-qualityfilmsusingonlysmartphones.SoonafterApple’siPhone4wasreleasedtwofilmmakersdecidedtomakeashortfilmusingonlytheiriPhone4s.MichaelKoerbelandAnnaElizabethJamesshotandeditedtheone-and-a-half-minutefilmAppleofMyEyeinonly48hours.Audienceswerefascinatedwiththefilminwhichamanandhisgrandfatherconnectemotionallywhileadmiringamodeltrainsetinastorewindow.ThefilmmakersfolloweduptheirsuccesswithGoldilocksanextraordinaryspynoveltoldoverninethree-minutefilms.Manyfilmmakersareconvincedthatsmartphonefilmsareheretostay.Onesignistheirinclusioninmajorfilmfestivals.InFebruary2012organizersoftheBerkshireInternationalFilmFestivalstagedthe10X10OnNorthFestival.EntriesincludedOliverbyHoomanKhalilianaward-winningfilmaboutagirlwhosespecialpowersenablehertobrightenthelivesofthreelonelypeoplE.AnotherentrywasYearlapse’11a365-secondfilmbyZsoltHarasztithatdescribesanactualjourneyhemadefromNewYorktoLondon.DuringthefestivalwhichranfromFebruary16to26theseandmanyothersmartphonefilmswereshownattheBeaconCinemainPittsfieldMassachusetts.SimilarfestivalsinCanadaandSouthKoreahavegivensmartphonefilmmakersopportunitiestoshowofftheircreativework.56.Whatdoesthearticleimplyaboutsmartphonefilmmakers?A.Theireffortshavegottenlittleattention.B.Theirbiggestchallengeisfindingactors.C.They’veinfluencedfamousmoviestudiosD.Theymustovercomeequipmentlimitations.57.WhatdoesthearticlepointoutaboutHaraszti’sfilm?A.Itusesslow-motioneffects.B.IttookjustminutestomakE.C.ItscastwasquitelargE.D.It’sbasedontrueevents.58.Whichfilmisaboutsecretagents?A.AppleofMyEyE.B.Goldilocks.C.OlivE.D.Yearlapse’11.59.AccordingtothisarticlewhatistrueaboutthefestivalsinCanadaandSouthKorea?A.They’reheldatthesametimeofyear.B.They’repartofanemergingtrenD.C.Theybothreceivegovernmentsupport.D.They’restillintheplanningstages.
- InordertounderstandhumanbeingsitisnecessarytothinkofthemaspartofthewholelivingworlD.Ourvitalhumanitydependsnotonlyonthecomplexbiologicalstructurewhichhasbeendevelopedthroughtheagesfromverysimplebeginningsbutalsouponthegreatsocialinventionswhichhavebeenmadebyhumanbeingscontinuedbyhumanbeingsandinturngivehumanbeingstheirreputationasbuildersthinkersstatesmenartistsandprophets预言家.Nodoubteachofthesegreatinventions—languagethefamilytheuseoftoolsgovernmentscienceartandphilosophy—hasthequalityofsocombiningthepotentialitiesofeveryhumannatureandeachcanbelearnedandcontinuedbyanygroupofhumanbeingsregardlessofraceandthetypeofcivilizationwithinwhichtheirprogenitorslived;thereforeanewbornbabyfromthemostprimitivetribeinNewGuineaisasbasicallycapableofgraduationfromHarvardorwritingasonnet十四行诗orinventinganewformofradarasababybornonBeaconHill.HoweveritisalsobelievedthatonceachildhasbeenbroughtupinNewGuineaBostonLeningradorTibethesymbolizestheculturewithinwhichheisraisedanddiffersfromthosewhoareraisedelsewheresodeeplyandthatonlybyunderstandingthesedifferencescanwereachanawarenesswhichwillgiveusanewcontroloverourhumandestiny命运.Sobelievablyhumannatureisnaturallyneithergoodnorevilbuthumanbeingsarebornwithdifferentcombinationsofinbornpotentialitiesanditwilldependuponhowtheyarebroughtup—totrustandloveandexperimentandcreateortofearandhateandobey—andwhatkindofhumanbeingstheycanbecomE.WehavenotevenbeguntodevelophumanpotentialitiesandbycontinuingmodestbutcontinualstudyofhumanbehaviorwecanlearnintentionallytocreatecivilizationswithinwhichanincreasingpercentageofhumanbeingswillrealizemoreofwhattheyhaveitinthemtobE.Withoutanydoubthumanlifeisgivenmeaningthroughtherelationshipwhichthehumanbeing’sconsciousgoalshavetothecivilizationperiodandthecountryinwhichonelives.Attimesthetaskmaybetofenceawildernesstobridgeariverortobringupsonstocontinueayounggroup.TodayitmeansthatweshouldtakeuponthetaskofcreatingoneworldinsuchawaythatwebothkeepthefuturesafeandleavethefuturefreE.63.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.AnunderstandingofhumanculturE.B.A.greatinventionofmankinD.C.Neithergoodnorevil.D.A.newcontrolofhumandestiny.64.TheunderlinedwordprogenitorsinParagraph2mostprobablymeans_______.A.designersB.organizersC.ancestorsD.discovers65.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.HumanitydependsonthesocialinventionsaswellasthebiologicalstructurE.B.Humaninventionscombineitspotentialitieswithraceandcivilization.C.Humannatureiseithergoodorevilatbirth.D.Humanlifehasmeaningbecauseoftheperson’sconsciousgoals.66.AccordingtoParagraph2greathumaninventionsincludethefollowingEXCEPT_______.A.thequalityofsocombiningthepotentialitiesofeveryhumannatureB.humanraceandcivilizationwithinwhichtheirprogenitorslivedC.theonesthatcanbelearnedandcontinuedbyanygroupofhumanbeingsD.languagethefamilytheuseoftoolsgovernmentscienceartandphilosophy
- Thecomputerkeyboardhelpedkillshorthand---asystemofrapidhandwritingandnowit'sthreateningtofinishoffhandwritingasawholE.WhenhandwrittenessayswereintroducedontheSATexamsfortheclassof2011just15%ofthemost1.5millionstudentswrotetheiranswersincursive草写字母.Therest?Blockletters.AndthosecollegehopefulsarejustthefirstedgeofawaveofUSstudentswhonolongergetmuchhandwritinginstructionsintheprimarygradesfrequently10minutesadayorless.AsaresultmoreandmorestudentsstruggletoreadandwritecursivE.AtKeeneMillElementarySchoolinSpringfieldalltheirpoemsandstoriesaretypeD.ChildreninFairfaxCountyschoolsaretaughtkeyboardingbeginninginkindergarten.Olderstudentswhonevermasteredhandwritingsayitdoesn'taffecttheirgrades.TherearethosewhosaythecultureisatacrossingturningfromthewrittenwordtothetypedonE.Ifhandwritingbecomesalostformofcommunicationdoesitmatter?ItwasatUniversityofVirginiathatresearchersrecentlydiscoveredapreviouslyunknownpoembyRobertwritteninhisuniquescript.Handwrittendocumentsaremorevaluabletoresearchershistorianssaybecausetheirauthenticity真实性canbeconfirmeD.Studentsalsofindthemmorefascinating.Thelossofhandwritingalsomaybeacognitive认知的opportunitymisseD.Severalacademicstudieshavefoundthatgoodhandwritingskillsatayoungagecanhelpchildrenexpresstheirthoughtsbetter-alifelongbenefit.Itdoesn'ttakemuchtoteachbetterhandwritingskills.AtsomeschoolsinPrinceGeorge'sCountyelementaryschoolstudentsuseaprogramcalledHandwritingWithoutTearsfor15minutesaday.TheylearnthecorrectformationofmanuscriptlettersthroughsecondgradeandcursivelettersinthirdgradE.Therearealwaysgoingtobesomekidswhostrugglewithhandwritingbecauseoftheirparticularneurological神经系统的wiringlearningissuesorpoormotorskills.Educatorsoftenpointtothisfactorinsupportofkeyboarding.43.Whatistheauthorconcernedaboutafter2011SATexams?A.KeyboardingB.HandwritingC.ShorthandD.Blockletters44.A.poembyRobertmentionedinthepassageisusedto____.A.showhowuniquehispoemisB.explainwhatafamouspoetheisC.provehowvaluablehandwritingisD.stresshowfascinatingthedocumentsare45.TheexampleofHandwritingWithoutTearshelpstoarguethat____.A.theschoolsareresponsibleforthelossofhandwritingB.thelossofhandwritingisacognitiveopportunitymissedC.thecultureisturningfromthewrittenwordtothetypedoneD.itdoesn'ttakemuchtoteachbetterhandwritingskills46.Accordingtotheauthorwhenisaperfecttimetolearnhandwriting?A.Primaryschool.B.Kindergarten.C.Highschool.D.CollegE.
- Iamespeciallyinterestedineco-friendlycars.Wouldyoupleasegivemesomehelp?-JohnLilyJohnLilyMoreandmoreautomobilecompaniesaretakingmeasurestocreatecarsthatdolessharmtotheplanet.Herearesomeofthetopgreencarsthisyear.TeslaRoadsterThisisanelectricsportscar.Youcantravel220milesbeforerechargingthebattery.Theonlyproblem?Itwillcostyou$100000.Sountilyouwinthelotteryorhappentofindaboxofgoldattheendofarainbowlet'smoveontothemorereasonablechoices.Aptera2eThiselectriccarismuchmoreaffordablethantheTeslaRoadsterwithastartingpriceofaround$25000.Itselectricmotorruns100milesperchargE.UnfortunatelyitiscurrentlyonlyavailableinCaliforniathroughacomplexbookingprocess.ToyotaPriusAt51milespergalloninthecityand480nthehighwaytheToyotaPriusisoneofthemostfuel-efficientcarsintheworldWithanannualC02ratingof1968kilogramsthiscarholdsthefirstplaceonMSN'slistoftheLeastPollutingVehiclesof2009.Italsohasothereco-friendlyfeatureslikeasolar-poweredventilation通风system.HondaCivicHybrid混合动力车TheHondaCivicHybridiscompetitivewiththeToyotaPriuswhenitcomestofuelefficiency.Itgets40milespergalloninthecityand450nthehighway.Italsohasthesecond-lowestannualCO2figurereleasing2160kilogramsinayear.HondaInsightHybridWithabasepriceofjust$20000theHondaInsightHybridistheleastexpensiveHybridonthemarkettoday.ComingjustaftertheHondaCivicandToyotaPriusintermsofpollutionthisfuel-efficientvehiclegets40milespergalloninthecityand430nthehighway:BesidesalltheseToyotaCamryHybridisalsoagoodchoicE.William39.ComparedwithAptera2eTeslaRoadsterA.costslessB.needsmoretimetoberechargedC.ishardertobookD.runsmuchfurtherpercharge40.Whichofthefollowingvehiclescausestheleastpollutiontotheenvironment?A.HondaCivicHybriD.B.ToyotaPrius.C.HondaInsightHybridD.ToyotaCamryHybrid41.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat___________A.aslongasyouhavewonthelotteryyoucanbuyTeslaRoadsterB.onlypeopleinCaliforniaareallowedtobuyAptera2eC.HondaInsightHybridmaybethethirdleastpollutinghybridof2009D.thefuelefficiencyoftheAptera2emustbethehighestofallthevehiclesmentioned42.WhatmightWilliambeaccordingtothepassage?A.A.futurecarbuyer.B.A.carexpertgivingadvicetopeopleonlinE.C.Aneco-friendlycarrepairer.D.Aneco-friendlycardesigner.
- ScientistsstudyingtheimpactofclimatechangeontheArcticneedtoconsiderwaystoreducetheirowncarbonfootprints碳排放量saysRyanBrookaresearcherwhoregularlyfliesnorthtostudythehealthofcaribous驯鹿.Hecallsonscientiststoshowleadershipbyexaminingandsharingwaystoreducetheimpactofworkinginpolarregions.TheimportanceoftheresearchisnotaquestionherE.ItisimportanttoourunderstandingofadaptingtoclimatechangE.ButweneedtothinkaboutbetterapproachessaysBrook.Thisisanissueforallscientiststhoughpolarresearchersoftentravelparticularlylongdistancesusingcommercialairtravel.Wealsorelyextensivelyonsmallaircrafticebreakersandsnowmobilesallofwhichproducelargeamountsofcarbon.BrookstudiesthehealthofcaribouherdsinNunavutandNorthwestTerritories.Heworkswithnorthernwildlifemanagers.Thisworktypicallytakeshimnorthfiveorsixtimesperyearandwhenhecalculatedhisowncarbonfootprinthewasnothappywiththeresult.MyresearchfootprintsareaboutthesameastheannualfootprintsofanaverageTorontoresident.BasicallyIhavetwofootprints—myownpersonallifewhichismoderate适度的andmyresearchfootprint.ClimatescientistscanrightlyarguethatArcticresearchisaspecializedfieldandthecommunityofscientistswhotravelnorthisrelativelysmall.EvenifallscientistsworkinginthenorthreducedtheircarbonemissionsitwouldnotmakeabigimpactontheglobalscalE.ForBrookit’stheoptionthatmatters.TherearewaysresearcherscanreducetheamountofcarbontheyusE.Somehelicoptersuselessfuelthanothers.Solarandwindpowerarealternativestogas-firedgenerators.Andwhilecarbonoffsets抵消don’treducetheamountofcarbonemittedtheyareaneasyfirststep.Therearen’tnecessarilyanyeasyanswersbutweneedtostarttalkingaboutitsaysBrook.ThisisparticularlyimportantforthenextgenerationofscientistsbeingtrainedandIhopetoseethembecomeleadersinthisissuE.66.WhatistheimportanceoftheresearchaccordingtoBrook?A.Theimportanceoftheresearchisaquestion.B.ItisourunderstandingofadaptingtoclimatechangE.C.ItistheimportanceoftheresearchstudyingthehealthofcaribouherdsinNunavutandNorthwestTerritories.D.TheimportanceoftheresearchisusemoresolarandwindpoweraspossiblE.67.WhatdidBrookfindwhenhecalculatedhisowncarbonfootprints?A.HiscarbonfootprintsaremorethantheannualfootprintsofaTorontoresident.B.HispersonallifefootprintsaremorethantheannualfootprintsofaTorontoresident.C.Hisresearchfootprintsareaboutthesameashispersonallifefootprints.D.Hispersonallifefootprintsaremorethanhisresearchfootprints.68.Brook’sopinionischallengedbythestatementthat__________.A.arcticresearchisveryimportantB.theArcticisaspecialenvironmentC.thefootprintsofArcticscientistsaresmallD.Brook’ssituationisacommonphenomenon69.Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthat________..A.weshouldtakeactionsimmediatelyinsteadofjusttalkingB.it’seasytostarttalkingabouttheproblemofcarbonemissionsC.it’snecessarynowtopayattentiontotheproblemofresearchfootprintsD.thenextgenerationofscientistsaremoreinterestedinresearchfootprints.70.What’sthemainideaofthetext?A.Theimportanceofarcticresearchisnotaquestion.B.Climatechangebecomesworsebecauseofarcticresearch.C.Brooksuggestswaysofreducingtheuseofcarbon.D.Scientistsmustmindtheirowncarbonfootprints.
- ThelonglonelyvoyageoftheJapaneseghostshipisover.AUSCoastGuardcutterpouredcannonfireintoanabandonedJapaneseghostshipthathadbeendriftingsincelastyear’stsunamisinkingthevesselintowatersmorethan305metersdeepintheGulfofAlaskaandremovingthedangeritposedtoshippingandthecoastlineonThursday.Thecutter’sgunstoreholesinthe164-footRyou-UnMaruandthenitbegantotakeonwaterandleantooneside.InaboutfourhourstheshipdisappearedintotheseasaidChiefPettyOfficerKipWadlow.Theshiphadnolightsorcommunicationssystemanditstankwasabletocarrymorethan7570litersofdieselfuel.Officialshoweverdidn’tknowexactlyhowmuchfuelwasaboard.It’slessriskythanitwouldberunningintoshoreorrunningintoothershipscoastguardspokesmanPaulWebbsaid.TheUSNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministrationandtheEnvironmentalProtectionAgencystudiedtheproblemanddecideditissafertosinktheshipthanletthefuelevaporateandpollutetheseaenvironment.Ryou-UnMaruwasprobablyamongthefirstwaveofthe1.5milliontonsofgarbageofrefrigeratorswashingmachinestelevisionsroofsandfishingnetsheadingtowardNorthAmericasincelastMarchwhenamagnitude-9.0earthquakestruckJapan.AsthecoastguardwasreadytofireonthevesselaCanadianfishingvesselthe19-meterBerniceCclaimedtherightstosavetheghostshipininternationalwaters.PlanstosinkitwerepausedsotheCanadiancrewcouldhaveachancetotakethestrickenship.A.CanadianofficialwithknowledgeofthesituationtoldtheAssociatedPressthattheBerniceC.wasunabletodragit.ThentheCanadianboatleftandonceitwasabout10kilometersfromtheJapanesevesseltheCoastGuardbegantofirefirstwith25mmshellsthenafewhourslaterwithammunitiontwicethatsize.StateofficialshavebeenworkingtotestthedangerofgarbageincludingmaterialsaffectedbyadamagednuclearpowerplanttoseeifAlaskaresidentsseafoodorwildanimalscouldbeaffected.60.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonforsinkingtheJapaneseship?A.Ithadnolightsorcommunicationssystem.B.Itmightbewashedupontotheshore.C.Itwasadangertootherpassingships.D.Theoilitcarriedcouldpollutethesea.61.TheplantofireontheJapaneseghostshipwaspausedbecause____________.A.theghostshipwasbeyondthereachoftheCoastGuard’sgunsB.theshellswerenotpowerfulenoughtosinktheghostshipC.stateofficialsworriedtheghostshipmightgiveoutradiationD.aCanadianfishingboatwantedtosavetheghostship62.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.JapaneseghostshiparrivingatUSB.TsunamigarbageheadingtoUSC.CannonfiresinkingJapaneseghostshipD.JapaneseghostshippollutingthePacific
- Somethingwokemeatfourinthemorningandit’sagoodthingitdiD.A.polarbearwasabouttoattackthetentrightabovemyheaD.Asclaws爪startedtoripthefabricIkickedandscreameD.ThatwokemybrotherEricwhochargedafterthebearwithacampshovel.Inthechaos混乱ImanagedtofindourshotgunfireintheairacoupleoftimesandscareoffthebearforgooD.EricandIwereattemptingthefirstkite-skiingcrossingofthefrozenNorthwestPassagE.WehadsetoffinMarch2012fromTukoyaktukinCanada’sNorthwestTerritoriesandhopedtoendonBaffinIslandNunavutwherewehadgrownup.Ourparentsareadventureguidessowespentweekendsondog-sledslearningtohavefuninthecolD.Asteenagerswetookupkite-skiing—catchingthestrongpolarwindswithakitetopullusovertheiceandsnow.Nowwe’reshowinghowitcanopennewroutesbymovingexpeditionsquicklyoverlongdistances.OnthistripthenativeInuittracked追踪ourprogressthroughtheradiointerviewswedidalongtheway.Whenwegottoatowntheywerealwayswaitingforus.After85daysand2050mileswepulledintoPondInletonBaffinIslandwherepeoplewelcomeduswithasquaredancE.Therewasonlyonethingforustodo.Wetookoffourskisandjoinedin.Webelievewhatwearedoingisofmeanings:toinspiretheyouthstogetoutdoorsandgetactivepromotingahealthylifestyleandloveofnaturE.64.Whathappenedonemorningduringtheiradventure?A.A.polarbearwaskilledbythem.B.A.polarbearwastoattackthetent.C.A.polarbearwasabouttoentertheirlifE.D.A.polarbearbegantoescapefromthetent.65.Howdidthetwobrotherstravelintheiceandsnow?A.SomedogsdrewtheirsleD.B.KiteswereputinuseinpullingthesleD.C.TheyflewthekitestogetherwiththewinD.D.ThetwobrothersdrewthesledinthewinD.66.Whydidthetwobrotherscarryouttheadventure?A.Becausetheywantedtotrytoopennewroutes.B.Becausetheirparentsaskedthemtotryagain.C.BecausetheywantedtoshowofftheircouragE.D.BecausetheywantedtowarnthedangerofpolaradventurE.67.Whichofthefollowingcanserveasthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Twobravebrothers.B.AcrossthePolarIcE.C.Meetingwithpolarbears.D.A.waytoenjoycoldtogether.
- Itseemsthatthere’sagoodreasonwhydogshaveremainedasman’sbestfrienD.Scientistshavefoundthatdogsaretheonlyanimalsthatcanreademotioninfacesmuchlikehumans.Thefindingsuggeststhatlikeanunderstandingfrienddogscanseeataglanceifwearehappysadpleasedorangry.Whenhumanslookatanewfacetheireyesusuallywanderleftfallingontherighthandsideoftheperson’sfacefirst.Thisleftgazebias左视偏好onlyhappenswhenwelookatfacesanddoesnotapply应用于anyothertimesuchaswhenlookingatanimalsorobjects.Apossiblereasonforthetendency倾向isthattherightsideofthehumanfaceisbetteratexpressingemotions.ResearchersattheUniversityofLincolnhavenowshownthatpetdogsalsohaveleftgazesbiasbutonlywhenlookingathumanfaces.NootheranimalhasbeenknowntoshowthisbehaviorbeforE.AteamledbyDrKunGuoshowed17dogsimages形象ofhumandogandmonkeyfacesaswellasobjects.Filmofthedog’seyeandheadmovementsshowsastrongleftgazebiaswhentheanimalswerepresentedwithhumanfaces.Butthisdidnothappenwhentheywereshownotherimagesincludingthoseofdogs.Guosuggeststhatoverthousandsofgenerationsofassociation交往withhumansdogsmayhavedevelopedtheleftgazebiasasawaytoguessouremotionsNewScientistmagazinereporteD.Recentstudiesshowthattherightsideofourfacescanexpressemotionsmoreaccuratelythantheleft.Iftruethenitmakessensefordogs—andhumans—toseetherighthandsideofafacefirst.56.Thereasonwhydogsareman’sbestfriendisthat_______.A.theycanreadourfacialemotionseasilyB.theycanhelpusinmanywaysC.theyaretheonlyanimalthatcanprotectusD.theyareeasytodealwith57.Theleftgazebiasonlyhappenswhenwelookat_______.A.animalsB.plantsC.peopleD.dogs58.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat______.A.theleftsideofthehumanfaceisbetteratexpressingemotionsB.onlypetdogshaveleftgazebiasC.DrKunGuoisateamleaderD.Theleftgazebiashappenswhendogswerepresentedwithimagesofdogs59.Thepassagemainlywantstotellusthat______.A.dogsareman’sbestfriendB.whatistheleftgazebiasC.dogscanguessouremotionsD.dogsreademotionsthesameashumans60.Theunderlinedwordaccuratelyinthelastparagraphprobablymeans_______.A.luckilyB.exactlyC.slowlyD.easily
- PeoplehavestrangeideasaboutfooD.ForexamplethetomatoisakindofverydeliciousvegetablE.Itisoneofusefulplantsthatcanbepreparedinmanyways.Ithasrichnutritionandvitamininit.Butinthe18thcenturyAmericansneveratetomatoes.Theygrewthemintheirgardensbecausetomatoplantsaresopretty.Buttheythoughtthevegetablewaspoisonous有毒的.Theycalledtomatoespoisonapples.PresidentThomasJeffersonhoweverknewthattomatoesweregoodtoeat.Hewasalearnedman.HehadbeentoPariswherehelearnedtolovethetasteoftomatoes.Hegrewmanykindsoftomatoesinhisgarden.ThePresidenttaughthiscookawayforacreamoftomatosoup.ThisbeautifulpinksoupwasservedatthePresident’sparty.ThegueststhoughtthesouptastedreallygooD.Theyneverthoughttheirpresidentwouldservehishonoredguestspoisonapples.Jeffersonneverspoketohishonored忠实的guestsaboutthefact.36.Afteryoureadthepassagewhichofthefollowingdoyouthinkistrue?A.Americansneveratetomatoesaftertheybegantoplantthem.B.Americansdidn’teattomatoesbefore19thcentury.C.EvennowAmericansdon’teattomatoes.D.Inthe18thcenturyAmericansatealotoftomatoes.37.ThepassagetellsusthatJeffersonwasaPresidentwholearnedtolovethetasteoftomatoes.A.whilehewasinParisB.whenhewasalittleboyC.becausehisparentstoldhimsoD.frombooks38.Accordingtothetext_______madethebeautifulpinksoupservedatthePresident’sparty?A.thePresidenthimselfB.aFrenchcookC.thePresident’scookD.thePresident’swife39.FromthepassageweknowallthehonoredguestsinvitedbyJeffersonwere.A.peoplefromothercountriesB.fromFranceC.peopleofhisowncountryD.menonly40.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.AlloftheguestsknewthesoupthatwasservedatthePresident’spartywasmadeoftomatoes.B.AllofthegueststhoughtthesoupwhichwaspreparedbythePresident’scookwasnicE.C.AllofthegueststhoughtthetasteofthebeautifulpinksoupwasnicE.D.Noneoftheguestsknewthattheirpresidentwouldservehishonoredguestspoisonapples.
- Today'shugeearthquakeandtsunamisenthometheideathatdespiteadvancesinbuildingandinfrastructurewe'reallsubjecttoMotherNature.Intoday'sincreasinglyinterconnectedeconomytheeconomicfalloutfromanaturaldisasterisrarelylimitedtothegeographicareaithits.Infactevennaturaldisastersthattakeplacethousandsofmilesawaycanshakeupyourportfolio资产hereathome.Oneofthebiggestproblemsforareasaffectedbynaturaldisastersisbusinessdisruption动乱.Withroadcommunicationinfrastructureandbuildingdamagecommonaftersizabledisastersit'snotuncommonforlocalbusinessestoshutdownforsometime.That'swhathappenedafterHurricane飓风KatrinahittheGulfcoastbackin2005.AscompaniesrecoveredfromtheirlossesthousandsofworkersinLouisianaTexasandMississippiwereleftjoblessWiththismassunemploymentcameaseverecutbackinconsumerspendingandconsequentlytaxincomeneededtobeusedintherebuildingeffects.Lessobvious---butperhapsevenmoresignificant--aretheeffectsthatanaturaldisastercanhaveoncommodityprices.InthecaseofHurricaneKatrinathestorm'sentrypointattheGolfcoastwassignificantbecauseofthefactthattherefineries冶炼厂throughwhichnearlyhalfofthegasolineconsumedintheUSpassedwereaffectedbythestorm.Asaresultpeoplecannotgooutfromtheirhousesfoodsupplieswereaffectedimmediatelyafterthedisastersmadelandfall.Withincreasedradiationpumppricesextraeffectsincluded:reducedprofitsforindustries---fromtransportationtoconsumergoods.SimilarthingshappenedinthecoppermarketasearthquakeinChilehitproductionandincreasedcopperpricesworldwide.Ultimatelyit'sdifficulttoimaginetheextentoftheeconomiclossmajornaturalandman-madedisasterscanbringabout.Andalthoughthemajorityofdisastersimpacttheruinedarea'seconomyseverelytheycanhaveaneffectonalargerscale.Althoughthere'slittlewecandotoavoidMotherNature'snextcatastrophewecanbetterprepareforit---bothphysicallyandfinancially.Understandingtheeconomicimplicationsofadisasterwhethernaturalorman-madeisthefirststeptowardthat.72.Accordingtothefirstparagraphwelearnthat.A.peopleshouldnotfightagainstnatureB.weshouldimprovethetechnologyinbuildingC.someeffectsofanaturaldisastercanbeavoidedD.naturaldisasterscanaffectplacesthatarefaraway73.AfterHurricaneKatrinahittheGulfcoast.A.manycompaniesmovedoutoftheareaB.manyworkerswereoutofworkintheareaC.taxeswereraisedaroundthecountrytosupporttheareaD.transportationwasstoppedforquitealongtimeinthearea74.Oi1andgassupplieswereaffectedatonceafterthestormbecause.A.theneedforoilandgassuddenlyincreasesB.thegascompaniesraisedthepricesonpurposeC.theproductionofoilandgaswasinfluencedbythestormD.therewasnotasuitableplacetotradeoilandgasanymore75.Thepassagewaswrittenmainlyabout_.A.givingadviceonhowtoavoidnaturaldisastersB.showingustheimportanceofprotectingthenatureC.tellingusaboutthefinancialeffectsofnaturaldisastersD.showingushowtorecoverfromnaturaldisasterswiftly
- OnOctober121989someBritishscientistswereworkingatthecomputerstolookfortheinformationtheyneedeD.Suddenlytheysawalotofverybrightpointscrossingthecomputersscreens.Atthesametimethecomputerswereworkingmuchslower.Tofindoutwhatwashappeningtheystoppedtheirworktochecksomepartsofthecomputers.Totheirhorror__theyfoundoutthatmostoftheirstoredinformationwasgotridofbycomputerviruses病毒!Clearlyallthesecomputershadbeeninfected感染bycomputerviruses.Itissaidthatthecomputervirusesweremadebyagroupofyoungmenfondofplayingjokes.Theyallhadexcellenteducation.Theycreatedthevirusesjusttoshowtheirintelligence..ThesekindsofcomputervirusesarenamedJerusalemViruses.ThesevirusescanstayincomputersforalongtimE.Whenthetimecomestheywillattackthecomputersbyloweringthefunctionsdamagingtheirnormalprogramsorevengettingridofalltheinformation.WenowcometoknowthatJerusalemVirusesoftenattackcomputersonFridayandthattheyarespreadingtoalotofcomputers.AmongthecountriesthatwereattackedbycomputerviruseslastyearareBritainAustraliaSwitzerlandandtheU.S.Buttillnowhowtogetridoftheterriblevirusesremainsaproblem.67.Whenthevirusesattackthecomputersthecomputerswillwork____.A.normallyB.slowlyC.fasterD.well68.Thegroupofyoungmencreatedthevirusesto____.A.damagethecomputersB.testtheirabilityC.tellpeoplethattheywereintelligentD.playatrickonusersofthecomputers69.Accordingtothepassagecomputervirusesseemto____.A.havebeeninnatureforyearsB.stayinanycomputersC.bedifficulttogetridofatpresentD.beabletobegotridofinthenearfuture70.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingisTRUEA.Lastyearfourcountriesfoundtheircomputerwereinfectedbyviruses.B.TheviruseswillcometoanewcomputerafterstayingintheoldoneforsometimE.C.Scientistsaretryingtofindawaytogetridoftheviruses.D.TheJerusalemVirusesaredangeroustohumanhealth.
- TheNationalDark-SkyWeekNDSWisaweekduringwhichpeopleallovertheUnitedStatesturnofftheirlightstoenjoythebeautyofthenightskywithoutlightpollution.ThisevenwasstartedbyJenniferBarlowofMidlothianVirginiain2003anditisbecomingmorepopulareachyear.IthasbeensupportedbytheInternationalDark-SkyAssociationtheAmericanAstronomicalSocietyandtheAstronomicalLeaguE.ThisevenalwaysoccursinAprilduringtheweekofthenewmoonsothattheskycanbeasdarkaspossibleforthebestviewingconditions.Itismywishthatpeoplecouldseethenightskywithoutotherlightintheskyasourancestors祖先sawithundredsofyearsagoexplainsBarlow.SinceitonlylastsaweekandnoteveryoneinthecountrywilltakepartinithowwilltheNationalDark-SkyWeekreducelightpollution?ThemaingoalofNDSWistoincreaseawareness意识oftheharmfuleffectsoflightpollution.Itisnotpossibleforallofthelightpollutioninthispartoftheworldtodisappear.Howeveritispossibletomakeasmalldifferenceinthequalityofthenightsky.Anothergoalofthisevenistopromote促进theuseofbetterlightingsystemsthatdirectlighttowardthegroundinsteadofupintothesky.JenniferBarlowstatesThenightskyisagiftofsuchbeautythatitshouldnotbepollutedbywastedlight.InthiswayourchildrenwillnotlosetouchwiththewonderofouruniversE.51.Thispassageismainlyabout______________.A.betterlightingsystemsB.thebeautyofthenightskyC.theharmoflightpollutionD.theNationalDark-SkyWeek52.WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheNationalDark-SkyWeekisWRONG?A.ItisbecomingmoreandmorepopularinAmericA.B.Theeventwasstartedin2003byJenniferBarlow.C.TheeventtakesplaceinthefirstweekofeveryApril.D.Americanpeoplearesupposedtoturnofftheirlightsduringthatweek.53.WhatisJenniferBarlow’swish?A.Thatlightwouldbedirectedupintothesky.B.ThattheskywouldalwaysbeasdarkaspossiblE.C.ThatpeoplecouldseethenightskywithoutlightpollutionasourancestorsdiD.D.Thatpeoplecouldspendtimeenjoyingthebeautyoftheskyeverynight.54.Wecaninferfromtheunderlined划线的sentenceinParagraph4that________.A.manypeopleinAmericahatethiseventB.itmaybehardtoreducelightpollutionC.theeventshouldlastamontheveryyearD.lightwillnolongerpollutetheskysoon55.WhatisthemaingoaloftheNationalDark-SkyWeek?A.Topromotetheuseofbetterlightingsystems.B.Tohelppeoplerealizetheharmoflightpollution.C.TocauseallthelightpollutioninAmericatodisappear.D.TohelpyoungchildrenenjoythewonderofouruniversE.
- Anewstudysaysonepartofthehumanbrainmaybecomesmallerastheresultofaconditionknownasjetlag.JetlagresultsfromflyinglongdistancesinanairplanE.Peoplewithjetlagfeelextremelytiredforseveraldays.Theymayalsohaveproblemsinthinkingclearlyandremembering.RecentlyaresearcherattheUniversityofBristolinBritainreportedthefindingsofhisjetlagstudywhichinvolvedtwentywomenwhoworkedforinternationalairlines.Theyhadservedpassengersonairplanesforfiveyears.Theseflightattendantsflewacrossmanycountriesandatleastseventimezones.Inthestudytheflightattendantshaddifferentamountsoftimetorecoverfromjetlag.Halfthewomenspentfivedaysorfewerintheirhomeareasbetweenlongflights.Theotherhalfspentmorethanfourteendaysintheirhomeareas.Theresearchertooksomesalivafromthewomen’smouthstomeasurelevelsofahormone荷尔蒙thatincreasesduringstress.Hetestedthemtoseeiftheycouldrememberwhereblackspotsappearedonacomputerscreen.Andhetookpicturesoftheirbrainstomeasurethesizeofthebrain’stemporallobes.脑叶.Itwasfoundthatthewomenwhohadlesstimebetweenflightshadsmallerrighttemporallobes.Thisareaofthebraindealswithrecognizingandrememberingwhatisseen.Thesamegroupperformedworseandhadslowerreactiontimesonthevisualmemorytest.Andtheirsalivasamplesshowedhigherlevelsofstresshormones.Theresearcherbelievesthebrainneedsatleasttendaystorecoverafteralongtrip.Hesaysairlineworkerstoldhimtheirabilitytoremembergotworseafterworkingonplanesforaboutfouryears.Otherstudieshaveshownthatincreasedfeelingsofstresscancausealossofcellsinthepartofthebrainthatcontrolsmemory.Scientistssaymoretestsareneededtostudytheeffectsofjetlagonthebrain.Theywanttofindoutiftoomuchjetlagcouldpermanentlyaffectmemory.57.Accordingtothetextjetlag_____.A.cancausedifficultiesinspeakingB.canmakepeoplefeeltiredforafewweeksC.canbeonlyfoundinflightattendantsD.canbecausedbyflyingoverseveraltimezones58.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat______.A.theconclusionisrefusedbymanyscientistsB.scientistsfearthatthisresearchisnotdoneproperlyC.everyscientificconclusionneedsthesupportfrommanytestsD.thewomenwhowereexaminedintheresearchwerenothealthy59.Fromtheresultoftheresearchwecanseethat_____.A.thewomenwhohavelongerrestathomeshowbettermemoryB.thewomenwhoflyinshorttimehavesmallerrighttemporallobesC.thewomenwhohavelongerflightsfailthememorytestD.thewomenwhorestmorethan14daysproducelesshormones60.Whatisthesubjectdiscussedinthetest?A.Thecauseofjetlag.B.A.storyofagroupofflightattendants.C.Theimportanceofhavingenoughrestafterflights.D.A.researchabouttheeffectsofjetlagonthebrain.
- RichardSolo1800RechargeableBatteryInjustminutesadaypluginandchargeyouriPhonequickly!JustplugRichardSolo1800intoyouriPhoneonceortwiceadayforfifteenminutesandkeepyouriPhonechargedup.AtyourdeskoratdinnerplugRichardSolointoiPhonetoinstantlytransferchargE.Nomorebatteryworries.RichardSolowillchargeiPhonetofull1.5timesanditisgoodfor3-5yearsofrecharges.UsetheiPhonewhilechargingit.EvenchargetheRichardSolo1800andiPhonetogetheratthesametimE.TakeonlyonechargerwhentravelingandwakeupinthemorningwiththeRichardSoloandtheiPhonechargeD.RichardSolo1800islargestinitsclassandholdsitschargeformonths.WorkswithalmostalliPhonecases.Yoursatisfactionisguaranteedwithour30-dayreturnprivilegE.Ifyou’renotsatisfiedforanyreasonwe’llemailyouapre-paidreturnlabel.Actualcustomercomments:Tohaveyourcompanyexhibitsuchgoodserviceisunbelievablyrefreshing.—P.S.ThisiswhatIcallgreatcustomersupport.Iwishmorecompanieswouldfigurethisoutthesedays.Thankyousomuch.—D.C.YouhaveprovidedmeoneofthebestservicesIhaveeverseenonanyonline/telephoneshopping.—T.K.Youmusthavethefastestprocessingandshippingintheindustry!!—M.C.ThisisthebestcustomerserviceexperienceIhavehadinalongtimE.Ifonlywealwayshadsuchgoodenjoyment!—L.L.I’vereadonlineaboutyouramazingcustomerserviceandImustsayI’mnowatruebeliever.—B.L.YourserviceissosatisfactorythatIevencan’tbelieveitandIwillintroduceittomyfriends.—J.K.69.Whatisspecialaboutthebattery?A.ItisbuiltinaniPhonE.B.ItisthesmallestofitskinD.C.Itcanalsobeusedasacharger.D.Itkeepspowerforabout30days.70.Whomentionsthetransportingofthebattery?A.P.S.B.B.L.C.M.C.D.T.K.71.Thecustomercommentsonthebatteryaremainlyaboutits.A.qualityB.serviceC.functionD.shopping
- Theymaybejustpassingyourofficecomputerbagslung悬挂overoneshoulder.Ortheymaybesittinginacaroutsideitcausallytappingawayatalaptop.Theylooklikeinnocentpassers-by.Infacttheyarestealingyourcorporatesecrets.Drive-byhackingisthetrendytermgiventothepracticeofbreakingintowirelesscomputernetworksfromoutsidethebuildingsthathousethem.A.recentstudyintheUKsponsoredbyRSADataSecurityfoundthattwo-thirdsoforganizationswithwirelessnetworkswereriskingtheirdatainthisway.Securityexpertspatrolled巡逻severalstreetsintheCityofLondonseekingevidenceofwirelessnetworksinoperation.Of124thattheyidentified83weresendingdatawithoutencrypting加密them.Suchdatacouldreadilybepickedupbyapasser-byarmedonlywithaportablecomputerawirelessmodemandafewpiecesofsoftwarethatcanbefreelydownloadedfromtheInternet.Thedatacouldincludesensitivecompanydocumentscontainingvaluableinformation.Ortheycouldbee-mailidentitiesandpasswordsthatcouldbeusedbyhackerstologintocorporatenetworksasiftheywerelegalusers.MostcompaniesusingwirelessnetworkingtechnologydonottakeeventhesimplestofmeasurestoprotecttheirdatA.Nearlyallwirelessnetworktechnologycomeswithsomebasicsecurityfeaturesthatneedonlytobeactivated激活inordertogiveaminimumlevelofsecurityforexamplebyencryptingthedatabeingpassedoverthenetwork.RaymonKruckbusinessdevelopmentmanageratCheckPointSoftwareasecuritytechnologyspecialistbelievesthiscouldbepartlyapsychologicalproblem.Peopleseethesolidwallsoftheirbuildingassafeguardsandforgetthatwirelessnetworkscanextendupto200metersbeyondphysicalwalls.Companieswithoutanysecurityatallontheirwirelessnetworksmakeitridiculouslyeasyforhackerstobreakin.SwitchingonthesecuritythatcomeswiththenetworktechnologyshouldbeautomatiC.ThenthereareotherbasicstepsacompanycantakesaysMr.Krucksuchaschangingthepasswordsonthenetworkfromthedefault默认setting.CompaniescanalsoinstallfirewallswhichformabarrierbetweentheinternalnetworkandthepublicInternet.Theyshouldalsochecktheircomputerrecordsregularlytospotanyabnormalactivitywhichmightbetraythepresenceofahacker.71.AccordingtothestudysponsoredbyRSADataSecuritytwothirdsofthesubjects_______.A.hadmostoftheircompanydatastolenB.dependedonwirelesscomputernetworksC.wereexposedtodrive-byhackingD.wereunawareoftheriskofwirelesshacking72.WhichofthefollowingisNOTconsideredinthestudy?A.Thenumberofcomputerhackingincidents.B.ThenumberofwirelesscomputernetworksidentifieD.C.ThewayinwhichdataaresentandreceiveD.D.Thewayinwhichdataarehackedandstolen.73.Mostwirelessnetworktechnologyhas_________.A.dataencryptionprogramB.passwordsecurityprogramsC.illegal-userdetectionD.firewall74.RaymondKruckmostprobablyagreesthatwirelessnetworksecurityinvolves________.A.wirelesssignaladministrationB.changesinuser’sawarenessC.users’psychologicalhealthD.strongerphysicalwalls75.Thepassageismostlikelytobeseenina__________A.bookreviewB.sciencefictionC.textbookD.computermagazine
- Ofthethousandsofdifferentkindsofanimalsthatexistintheworldmanhaslearnedtomakefriendswithanenormousnumber.Somearepetsandofferhimcompanionship;somegiveprotectionandsomedohardworkwhichmancannotdoforhimself.DogswhichservemaninallthreecapacitiesarefoundinvariousspeciesinallcountriesoftheworlD.TheHuskycanliveinthecoldpolarregionsandtheSalukiisathomeinthehottestpartsofCentralAfricA.Theinhabitantsofcertaincountriesaredependentfortheirverylivesonthecamel.IntheWestIndiesthelittledonkeystrongandsure-footedcarryingheavyloadseveninmountainiousplacesisafamiliarsight.Trainedandtamedformanygenerationsdomesticanimals牲畜arenotaccustomedtoroaming到处走动insearchoffoodandshelter.TheylooktotheirmasterstoprovidefortheirneedsandaslongasthesearesuppliedtheyarecontenttodowhattheirmastersrequirE.AlldomesticanimalsneedproperfooD.Itmustbesuitableforthemsufficientinquantityfreshandclean.Somepeoplefeedapetdogorcatonoddsandendsoftablescraps剩饭andthenwonderwhytheanimalseemstiredanddull.Thequantityoffooddependsonthesizeoftheanimalandtheamountofexerciseittakes.Overfeedingisasbadasunderfeeding.Containersforfoodandwatermustbewashedregularlyiftheanimalistomaintaingoodhealth.Evenwellcaredforanimalsmaysometimesfallill.Ifthishappensthewisemasterseeksthebestadvicehecanget.AllsortsofmedicinesandtreatmentsareavailableforsickanimalsandinsomecountriesorganizationsexisttoprovidethemfreeoratacheappricE.Usefulfriendlyhardworkinganimalsdeservetohavesometimemoneyandattentionspentontheirhealth.71.Whatmainideadoestheauthorwanttoconveyinthefirstparagraph?A.ThereexiststhousandsofspeciesofanimalsintheworlD.B.Mancametoestablishacloserelationshipwithanumberofanimals.C.Insomeregionsadonkeyseemstobeaveryusefulbeast.D.AnanimalwillbeuselessunlessdomesticateD.72.Whenananimaldoesn’tgetenoughfooditwillprobably.A.refusetoobeyitsmasterB.immediatelyfallillC.requireitsmastertooffersomefoodD.seekforfoodonitsown73.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofdogsaccordingtothepassage?A.Theycanactasfriendsguardsandservantstoman.B.Theyhavegreatadaptationfortheenvironment.C.ThereliveagreatvarietyofspeciesofdogsontheglobE.D.TheHuskyandtheSalukiarethestrongestspecieseverknownintheworlD.74.Tokeepadomesticanimalphysicallyfititsownerisadvised.A.nottohesitatetospendenormousamountofmoneyonitB.topayattentiontoitsproperfeedingC.nottoallowittotakeexcessiveamountsofexerciseD.tojoinsomesortofpet-keepingorganizations75.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.DomesticatedAnimals—Man’sBestFriendsB.ProperDiet—theRoadtoHealthC.TheAdvantagesofRaisingDomesticAnimalsD.SomeTipsonPet-keeping
- Haveyoueversuddenlyfeltthatsomeoneyouknowwasintrouble——andhewas?Haveyoueverdreamedsomethingthatcametruelater?MaybeyouhaveESP超感官知觉.ESPstandsforExtraSensoryPerception.ItmaybecalledasixthsensE.Itseemstoletpeopleknowaboutevents事件beforetheyhappenoreventsthatarehappeningsomedistance距离away.Hereisanexample:A.womanwasdoingwashing.SuddenlysheshoutedMyfatherisdead!Isawhimsittinginthechair!JustthenatelephonecamE.Thewoman’sfatherhaddiedofaheartillness.Hediedsittinginachair.TherearethousandsofstorieslikethisonrecorD.Scientistsarestudyingthemtofindoutwhatisbehindthesestrangemental心理的messages.Here’sanotherexample——oneofhundredsofdreamsthathavecometruE.Amandreamedhewaswalkingalongaroadwhenahorseandcarriagecameby.ThedriversaidThere’sroomforonemorE.ThemanfeltthedriverwasDeathsoheranaway.Thenextdaythemanwasgettingonacrowdedbus.ThebusdriversaidThere’sroomforonemore.Thenthemansawthedriver’sfacewasthesamefacehehadseeninthedream.Hewouldn’tgetonthebus.Asthebusdroveoffitcrashedandburstintofires.Everyonewaskilled!Somepeoplesaystoriesliketheseareliesorcoincidences.OtherssaythatareESPintruE.FromstudiesofESPwemaysomedaylearnmoreaboutthehumanminD.64.ESPletspeopleknowabout_________.A.theirdreamsB.eventsaftertheyhappenC.eventsbeforetheyhappenD.heartillness65.Inhispassagethewordcoincidencesmeans________.A.thingswhichdonothappenB.thingswhichhappenbyaccidentC.thingswhichareonlydreamsD.thingsdreamedofonlybysickpeople66.Theexampleofthemanshowstheabilityto_______.A.avoidtrafficaccidentsB.knowthegoodandbadofapersonC.knowabouttheeventshappeningsomedistanceawayD.senseadangerthatwillhappenlateron67.Thebesttitleofthispassageis_________.A.SixthSenseB.TheHumanMindC.ABigLieD.ATerribleDream
- About97%oftheworld’swaterissaltyandisfoundinouroceansandseas.Butaswecan’tdrinkseawaterhowcanitbeimportant?Everypartofourseasandoceanscontainsanamazingnumberofanimalsandfishthatliveatdifferentoceandepths.MostofthedifferentspeciesofanimalsandfishdependonsimpleplantsfortheirfooD.Thesesimpleplantscalledalgae海藻driftnearthesurfaceoftheoceanandusesunlighttoturncarbondioxideandwaterintofoodandoxygen.InfactalgaeproduceoverhalfoftheoxygenpeoplebreathE.Howimportantseawateris!Eachplantoranimalinourseasandoceansisanimportantlinkinafoodchain.Thealgaeareeateninlargeamountsbymicroscopicanimalswhichareinturnconsumedbylargeranimals.ThesefoodchainsaredelicatelybalanceD.Thebadnewsaboutthefoodchainsintheoceansisthattheyareunderthreatbecauseofman.Peopleoncethoughtthattheoceansweresobigthatitdidn’tmatterifwedumpedrubbishintothemorcaughthugequantitiesoffishandwhalesforfooD.Butwenowknowthisisnottrueandfishstocksintheoceanshavestartedtodrop.Thankfullytheworldistakingstepstoprotectthefutureofouroceansbyintroducinginternationalagreementstoprotectmarinehabitats.Mostcountrieshaveintroducedfishingrestrictionstoprotectfishstocksintheoceansandnewtechniquesarebeingpioneeredtocopewithpollution.FinallytheimportanceofprotectingoceansisbeingmadeknowntomorepeoplE.ThisisjustthebeginningofalongprocesstoprotecttheoceansforourfuturE.Wedependontheoceansforfishwhichareanimportantpartofthehumandiet.Howimportantseawateris!68.Whichofthefollowingistheproperorderofthefoodchain?A.smallanimals→algae→microscopicanimals→largeanimals→manB.algae→microscopicanimals→largeanimals→largeranimals→manC.smallanimals→algae→largeanimals→microscopicanimals→manD.microscopicanimals→algae→largeanimals→largeranimals→man69.Peopleusedtothinkthattherubbishthrownintothesea________.A.wouldn’tharmthefishintheseaB.wouldchangethebalanceofthefoodchainC.wouldbebrokendownintheseaD.wouldn’tdomuchharmtothesea70.Fromthepassagewelearnthat_________.A.mostfishandseaanimalsliveatthesurfaceoftheseasB.itisverydifficulttobreakthebalanceofafoodchainC.excessivefishinghascausedthedecreaseinfishstockD.itwon’tbelongbeforetheproblemsconcerningoceanswillbesolved71.Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.Theimportanceofseawater.B.Lifeintheoceans.C.Howtoprotectfoodchains.D.Howtodealwithseawaterpollution.
- Areyoureadytodoyourbittostopglobalwarming?Doyouwanttolettheworldknowthatyoubelieveitisnotdoingnearlyenoughtofightclimatechange?OnSaturdayMarch29youwillhaveachancetocommunicateyourconcerns—totellOttawaandtheentireworldthatyouaredevotedtodoingyourpart.YoucandoitbyturningoffyourlightsduringEarthHourfrom8p.m.to9p.m.StartedlastyearbytheWorldWildlifeFundinSydneyAustraliaEarthHourthisyearisgoinginternationalwith17citiessignedupsofarincludingToronto.OthersincludeChicagoManilaTelAvivCopenhagenMelbourneandChristchurchNewZealanD.ThechallengeforusTorontonianswillbetoshowweareasdevotedtofightingglobalwarmingasSydneysiderswerelastyearwhenmorethan2.2millionofthemparticipatedandslashedthecity'spoweruseby10percentfortheplannedhour.Ofcourseonehourofdarknessisn’tgoingtostopglobalwarming.ButthethinkingbehindEarthHouristhatitgetspeoplepersonallyinvolveD.Besidesgivingpeopleachancetoregistertheirconcernsoverclimatechangethegoalistogetthemtostartchangingtheirwastefulhabits.Andweallhavethemincludingsomewearen'tevenawareof.Didyouknowforexamplethatyouarestilldrawingpowerifyouleaveyourcellphonechargerpluggedinafterchargingyourphone?Thesameistrueforotherelectronicdevicesthatyouthinkyou'veturnedoff.Ifyouwanttomakeadifferencesignuptodayathttp://www.wwf.ca/EarthHourandmakeapledge宣誓toturnoffyourlightswhenEarthHourarrivesonMarch29.Persuadeyourfriendsco-workersandyouremployeroremployeestodotheirpart.Butdon'twaitforthissymbolicgesturetoraiseawarenessthatweallhavetobepartofthesolution.Starttodaytothinkaboutchangesthatcanbemadeinyourhomeandyourworkplacethatwillcutdownonwasteandgreenhousegasemissions排放.63.Thepassagemainlycallsonpeopleof_____tojoinintheMarch29thactivity.A.SydneyB.TorontoC.theworldD.the17cities64.TheEarthHourmovementmainlyaimstogetpeopleto_______tosaveourearth.A.sensethedangerB.makeapledgeC.performtheirdutiesD.showtheirvalue65.Whichisimpliedinthepassagethatshouldnothappeninourdailylife?66.Thebesttitleforthepassageis_____.A.A.ChancetoHelpSavetheEarthB.A.ChancetoHelpPreventPollutionC.AnHourtoFightAgainstBadHabitsD.AnHourtoKeepClimateUnchanged
- ANewZealandvolcanodormantformorethanacenturyhaseruptedsendingupashcloudsdisturbingflightsandclosingroads.MountTongarirooneofthreevolcanoesinthecentreoftheNorthIslandbecameactivejustbeforemidnightlocaltimewithreportsofloudexplosionspoutingrocksandsteam.The1978mpeakisinanationalparkpopularwithhikers.Nodamageshavebeenreportedaftertheeruption.Witnessesdescribedadramaticsceneasthevolcanoerupted.Isawthisbeautiful.bigcloudandIthought‘Geethatlookslikeavolcanicplume’.JustasIthoughtthattherewasagreatbigorangeflashtruckdriverBrynRoddatoldNewZealandNationalRadio.Itwasquiteimpressive.MountTongarirolasterupted115yearsago.andscientistssaidtheydidnotyetknowifthiseruptionwasasingleevent.Expertssaidtheywerecaughtbysurprise—theyhadrecordedsomeactivitylikeanearthquakeinrecentweeksbutwerenotexpectinganeruption.Thismightjustbeaquietperiodandweshouldexpectittostartagainatanytime.SowearewatchingthingsVerycloselyvolcanologistMichaelRosenbergtoldTVNZ.EruptionactivityhascurrentlyreducedNewZealandmediasaid.Meteorologists气象学家saidtheashwasblowingeasttowardsthePacificOcean.AnumberofinlandflightsfromtheNorthIslandtotheSouthIslandhadbeenaffectedbythevolcanicactivityAirNewZealandsaid.Policesaidhighwaysthathadbeenclosedbecausevisibilitywasaffectedaftertheeruptionarenowopen.Someresidentsinthenearbyareashadtemporarilylefttheirhomes.Officialshavenotorderedanevacuation撤离butadvisedthoseaffectedbytheashcloudtostayindoorsandclosetheirdoorsandwindows.61.Whateffectdidtheeruptioncause?A.Flood.B.Roadblock.C.Strongwind.D.Aircrash.62.Whatdoestheunderlinedworddormantinthefirstparagraphprobablymean?A.Inactive.B.Movable.C.Silent.D.Covered.63.Whichofthefollowingistrueofthepassage?A.Someinternationalflightswerecancelledaftertheeruption.B.Allresidentshadtomoveawayfromtheirhomesaftertheeruption.C.Somewitnessesthoughtitwasveryinterestingandattractive.D.Loudexplosionscausedgreatdamagetothehighwaysandairports.64.Whatdotheexpertsexpectmighthappennext?A.Anothereruption.B.Anearthquake.C.Diseasescausedbytheashes.D.Anoverallevacuation.65.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.NationalParkinNewZealandDamagedB.NothingIsImpossible.C.VolcanoorEarthquake?D.SuddenEruptionofaVolcanoinNewZealand.
- Michaelatypical典型的Americanstayshomeonworkdays.Heplugsintohispersonalcomputerterminal接线端inordertoconnectwiththeofficE.Afterworkheputsonhisheadphoneswatchesamovieonhishomevideorecorderorplaysbaseballonthecomputer.OnmanydaysMichaeldoesn’ttalktoanyotherhumanbeingsandhedoesn’tseeanypeopleexcepttheonesontelevision.MichaelisimaginarybuthislifestyleisverypossiblE.Theinventionsofmoderntechnologyseemtobecuttingusofffromcontactwithourfellowhumanbeings.Theworldofbusinessisoneareainwhichtechnologyisisolating使隔离us.ExpertssayforexamplethatmanypeoplewillsoonbeabletoworkathomE.Withaccesstoalargecentralcomputeremployeessuchasofficeclerksinsuranceagentsandaccountantscoulddotheirjobsatdisplayterminalsintheirownhomes.Theywouldneverhavetoactuallyseethepeoplethey’redealingwith.InadditionthewayemployeesarepaidwillchangE.Workers’salarieswillbeautomaticallypaidintotheirbankaccounts账户makingpaperchecks支票unnecessary.Noworkerswillstandinlinetoreceivetheirpayorcashtheirchecks.Personalbankingwillchangetoo.Customerswilldealwithmachinestoputinortakeoutmoneyfromtheiraccounts.Anotherareathattechnologyischangingisentertainment.MusicforinstancewasonceagroupexperiencE.Peoplelistenedtomusicatconcerthallsorinsmallsocialgatherings.FormanypeoplenowhowevermusicisanindividualexperiencE.Walkingalongthestreetorsittingintheirlivingroomstheywearheadphonestobuildawallofmusicaroundthem.Movieentertainmentischangingtoo.Moviesusedtobesocialevents.NowfewerpeoplearegoingouttoseeamoviE.ManymorearechoosingtowaitforafilmtoappearontelevisionorareborrowingvideotapestowatchathomE.Insteadoflaughingwithothersviewerswatchmoviesintheirownlivingrooms.1.ThesentenceMichaelisimaginarybuthislifestyleisverypossiblemeans____.A.MichaelisapersonfullofimaginationandhecanmakehisdreamscometrueB.MichaelisnotarealpersonbutprobablythelifestyledoesexistC.MichaelhasambitionsbuthecantmakehisdreamscometrueD.Michaelisapersonfullofimaginationandhislifestyleiscommonnowadays2.Whatwilltheauthormostprobablydiscussafterthelastparagraph?A.Gamesandsports.B.Personalbanking.C.Musicandfilms.D.Internationalbusiness.3.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Wemaynolongerneedtocommunicatewithotherhumanbeings.B.Moderntechnologyseemstobeseparatinghumanbeings.C.WemaynolongerneedtoworkintheofficE.D.ModerntechnologymakesitpossibleforustoworkandentertainourselvesathomE.
- Ifthecrust外壳oftheearthwerenotprettysoliditwouldbeshakingaboutandmovingupanddownfrequently频繁地.Howeverthereareplacesintherocksoftheearth’scrustwhereitisn’tstronglyheldtogether―wherefaultsexist.AlongthebreakonerockmightpushagainstanotherwithgreatforcE.Theenergyischangedtovibrationintherockssotheybegintoshakeandwehaveanearthquake!ThemostfamousoneinNorthAmericawastheSanFranciscoearthquakeof1906.Sevenhundredpeoplediedandproperty财产damageamountedtoabout$425000000.ThegreatestdestructioncamefromthefiresthatfollowedthequakE.OneofthemostfamousearthquakesinEuropetookplaceinLisbonPortugalin1755.ThecitywasdestroyedandatleastthirtythousandpeoplewerekilleD.In1908inCalabriaandSicilyaquakekilledabout75000peoplE.In1915incentralItalyhundredsoftownsandvillagesweredamagedandthirtythousandpeoplewerekilleD.TwogreatearthquakesthatcauseddamageinAsiatookplaceinTokyoJapanandinGansuProvinceinChinA.TheTokyoquakeof1923killedmorethanonehundredthousandpeopleanddestroyedthecityandthecityofYokohamatoo.TheChinesequakein1920coveredmorethanthreehundredsquaremilesandkilledabouttwohundredthousandpeoplE.59.Thefirstparagraphmainlytellsus______.A.thedamagecausedbyearthquakesB.famousearthquakesintheworldC.whereearthquakeshappenD.howearthquakeshappen60.Theunderlinedwordvibrationinthefirstparagraphprobablymeans______.A.shakingB.forceC.energyD.losing61.Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderoftheyearswhentheearthquakeshappened?①theSanFranciscoearthquake②theearthquakeinLisbon③theearthquakeinCalabriaandSicily④theearthquakeincentralItaly⑤theearthquakeinGansuProvince⑥theTokyoquakeA.③④⑤⑥②①B.②①③④⑤⑥C.⑤⑥②①③④D.①③④②⑤⑥62.Accordingtothepassagetheearthquakethatkilledthemostpeoplehappenedin______.A.PortugalB.ChinaC.ItalyD.Japan
- LongerLivesforWildElephantsMostpeoplethinkofzoosassafeplacesforanimalswherestrugglessuchasdifficultyfindingfoodandavoidingpredatorsdon'texist.Withoutsuchproblemsanimalsinzoosshouldlivetoaripeoldage.ButthatmaynotbetrueforthelargestlandanimalsonEarth.Scientistshaveknownthatelephantsinzoosoftensufferfrompoorhealth.Theydevelopdiseasesjointproblemsandbehaviorchanges.Sometimestheyevenbecomeunabletohavebabies.Tolearnmoreabouthowcaptivity监禁affectselephantsateamofinternationalscientistscomparedthelifespansoffemaleelephantsborninzooswithfemaleelephantslivingoutdoorsintheirnativelands.Zooskeepdetailedrecordsofalltheanimalsintheircaredocumentingfactorssuchasbirthdatesillnessesweightanddeath.Theserecordsmadeitpossiblefortheresearcherstoanalyze40yearsofdataon800AfricanandAsianelephantsinzoosacrossEurope.Thescientistscomparedthelifespansofthezoo-bornelephantswiththelifespansofthousandsoffemalewildelephantsinAfricaandAsianelephantsthatworkinloggingcamps伐木场overapproximatelythesametimeperiod.TheteamfoundthatfemaleAfricanelephantsborninzooslivedanaverageof16.9years.Theirwildcounterpartswhodiedofnaturalcauseslivedanaverageof56years——morethanthreetimesaslong.FemaleAsianelephantsfollowedasimilarpattern.Inzoostheylived18.9yearswhilethoseintheloggingcampslived41.7years.Scientistsdon'tyetknowwhywildelephantsseemtolivesomuchbetterthantheirzoo-raisedcounterparts.GeorgiaMasonabiologistattheUniversityofGuelphinCanadawholedthestudythinksstressandobesity肥胖maybetoblame.Zooelephantsdon'tgetthesamekindofexercisetheywouldinthewildandmostareveryfat.Elephantsociallivesarealsomuchdifferentinzoosthaninthewildwheretheyliveinlargeherdsandfamilygroups.AnotherfindingfromthestudyshowedthatAsianelephantsborninzoosweremorelikelytodieearlythanAsianelephantscapturedinthewildandbroughttozoos.Masonsuggestsstressinthemothersinzoosmightcausethemtohavebabiesthatarelesslikelytosurvive.Thestudyraisessomequestionsaboutacquiringmoreelephantstokeepinzoos.Whilesomethreatenedandendangeredspecieslivinginzoosreproducesuccessfullyandmaintainhealthypopulationsthatdoesn'tappeartobethecasewithelephants.72.Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphsunlikeotherzooanimalszooelephants_______.A.havedifficultyeatingfood.B.1ivetoaripeoldage.C.arenotafraidofpredators.D.develophealthproblems.73.Whichofthefollowingabouttheinternationalscientists'researchonthelifespansofelephantsisNOTtrue?Seeparagraph3?A.Theycomparedzooelephantswithwildelephants.B.Theykeptdetailedrecordsofalltheelephantsintheircare.C.Theyanalyzedtherecordsoftheelephantskeptinzoos.D.Thezoo-bornelephantstheystudiedarekeptinEuropeanzoos.74.Whatdothescientistsfindintheirresearch?A.Femaleelephantslivelongerthanmaleelephants.B.Femalezooelephantslivelongerthantheirwildcounterparts.C.Femalezooelephantsdiemuchearlierthantheirwildcounterparts.D.Elephantsinzoosandthoseinthewildenjoythesamelonglifespans.75.Whichofthefollowingdoestheauthorsuggestinthelastparagraph?A.Itmaynotbeawisepolicytokeepelephantsinthezoo.B.Elephantsarenolongeranendangeredspecies.C.Zoo-bornelephantsshouldbelookedaftermorecarefully.D.Zoosshouldkeepmoreanimalsexceptelephants.
- Futurestudiesalsoknownasfuturology未来学orforesightinvolvesthestudyofthepastandpresenttomakeeducatedguessesaboutthefuturE.Thedatagatheredfromthesestudiescanbeusedtopredictpossibleorprobablefutureeventsorsituations.Itcanalsobeusedtodesignawaytoreachpreferablefutureconditions.Manypeoplebelievethathistoryiscyclicalorthatcertaincircumstanceswillbeseenagainandagain.Thisistheprinciplethatfuturestudiesarebasedon.SearchinghistoryandpresenttimesforpatternscanallowfutureforecastersawaytopredictthefuturE.A.lotoffuturestudiesusecauseandeffect.Forexampleifagovernmentisbeingunjustorisunpopularwiththecitizensofthatcountrythecurrentgovernmentiseitherchangedoroverthrown.ThishasbeenhundredsoftimesthroughouthistorywillprobablybeapatternseenahundredtimesmorE.Therearenumerousapplicationsforfuturestudies.Onepossibleapplicationisasawaytopredictfuturefashionanddesignfads时尚.Thefashionmarkettypicallyneedstowork18monthsinadvanceallowingthedesignerstimetodesignadvertiseandmanufacturethefuturestyles.ThestockmarketisanotherareawherefuturologyisuseD.Determiningwhichcompaniesarelikelytobecomesuccessfulandwhichonesareheadingforbancruptcyrequirestheabilitytousefuturestudiescorrectly.Somesaythatfuturestudiescannotpredictlong-termeventsandtrendsinthewaythatitcouldadecadeago.Globalchangesintechnologycommunicationandmarketinghaveresultedinscenarios情况thatnoonecouldhavepredicteD.Changeishappeningatafasterpacethaneverbeforeinhistory.Itwillbedifficulttoforeseefuturetrendsbecauseofthesechanges.Newfuturestudiesprofessionalswillneedtobeabletoconsiderthesenewtrendscarefullybeforecreatingtheirpredictions.60.Theauthorstartsthearticleby_____.A.tellingastoryB.offeringfiguresC.makingcomparisonsD.providingadefinition61.Accordingtothepassagethebasisoffuturologyis_____.A.causeandeffectB.thathistoryiscyclicalC.howpeopleseethepastD.studyinghistoryforpatterns62.WhatismainlydiscussedinParA.3?A.Thepracticaluseoffuturestudies.B.Thedevelopmentoffuturestudies.C.Howtolearnfuturestudieseffectively.D.Howtopredictfutureeventscorrectly.63.Accordingtothelastparagraphsomepeoplebelievethatitis_____.A.necessarytopredictfuturechangesintheworldB.impossibleandunnecessarytopredictthefutureC.nowmoredifficulttopredictthefuturethanbeforeD.wisenowtousetheoldwaytopredictthefuture
- Dolphins海豚arenotfishbutwarm-bloodedanimals.TheyliveingroupsandspeaktoeachotherintheirownlanguagE.Inthistheyarelikeotheranimalssuchasbeesandbirds.Butdolphinsareverydifferentfromalmostalllandanimals.Theirbrainisnearlythesamesizeasourownandtheylivealongtime―atleasttwentyorthirtyyears.LikesomeanimalsdolphinsusesoundtohelpthemfindtheirwayarounD.TheyalsomakethesesoundstotalktoeachotherandtohelpthemfindfooD.Wenowknowtheydonotusetheirearstoreceivethesesoundsbutthelowerpartofthemouthcalledthejaw.StrangelydolphinsseemtolikemanandforthousandsofyearstherehavebeenstoriesaboutthedolphinanditsfriendshipwithpeoplE.Thereisastoryaboutsailorsinthe19thcentury.InadangerouspartoftheseaoffthecoastofNewZealandtheylearnttolookforadolphincalledJack.From1871to1903Jackmeteveryboatintheareaandshowedittheway.Thenin1903apassengeronaboatcalledThePenguinshotandwoundedJack.Herecoveredandfornineyearsmorecontinuedtoguideallshipsthroughthearea-exceptforThePenguin.Todaysomepeoplecontinuetokilldolphinsbutmanycountriesoftheworldnowprotectthemandintheseplacesitisagainstthelawtokillthem.65.Dolphinsaredifferentfrommanyotheranimalsinthatthey_____.A.liveingroupsB.havelargebrainsC.arewarm-bloodedD.havetheirownlanguage66.Whichofthefollowingdoesthedolphinusetohelpitfinditswayaround?A.ItsnosE.B.Itsears.C.Itsmouth.D.Itseyes.67.WhydidthesailorsoffthecoastofNewZealandlookforJack?A.HewaslonelyandlikedtobewithpeoplE.B.Theyenjoyedplayingwithhim.C.HewasseriouslywoundeD.D.Theywantedhishelp.68.BytellingthestoryofJackthewriterwantedtoshowthat_____.A.dolphinsarefriendlyandcleverB.peoplearecrueltoanimalsC.JackisdifferentfromotherdolphinsD.dolphinsshouldbeprotectedbylaw
- Asweknowtheearth’sclimatehaschangedovertimE.Thepresentrateofclimatechangedependsinlargepartonhumanactivities.Todaypeopleallovertheworldaremakingeverydaychoicesthathelptheenvironment.SmallactionsmatterandtheyallmakeadifferencE.Inotherwordsclimatechangeisyourbusiness.AwomaninNicaraguabuysfluorescent荧光的lightbulbsthatare80percentmoreenergy-savingthantraditionalones.Manygovernmentsarenowsubsidizingenergy-savinglightstoencouragepeopletoturntothem.Consumersarediscoveringthatthenew-generationbulbshelpthemsavemoneyinthelongrun.Agricultureaccountsforabout14percentofglobalgreenhousegasemissions排放andtransportingthefoodaroundaddstotheenvironmentalcost.ThereisateamofyoungvegetablegrowersintheUnitedKingdomwhowanttoencouragekidstostartplantingtheirownfruitandvegetables.AyounglawyerwearingbusinessclothesridesherbicycletoworkinalargeU.S.city.She’sbeenbikingtoworkeverydayforthepasttwoyearsandsaysit’saloteasierthanmanypeoplethink.A.recentstudyfoundthatmoreAmericansbikeorwalktoworktodaythanbeforE.AuniversitystudentfromsoutheasternChinacarriesareusableshoppingbagtocutbackondisposable一次性的plastics.Somelargeshopkeepershaveremovedpaperandplasticbagsandconsumersareresponding.InCanberraAustraliasummersarehotandwinterscolD.TosaveelectricityAdamWilsoninCanberrausesanenergy-savingheatingsystemandhekeepsthetemperaturelowerthanhedidinyearspast.Hestillmakesitthroughthesummerwithoutairconditioning.60.Thepassagemainlytellsusthat.A.humanistodestroytheenvironmentB.theglobalwarmingisgettingworseC.savingenergyisofgreatnecessityD.climatechangeisconcernedwitheveryone61.Theunderlinedwordsubsidizeinthesecondparagraphprobablymeans.A.chargeB.produceC.searchforD.giveallowance62.Whichofthefollowingistrue?A.ManypeopleinNicaraguagotoworkonfootorbybikE.B.UniversitystudentsfromChinaalwayscarrydisposableshoppingbags.C.Agricultureshouldberesponsibleforpartoftheglobalgasemissions.D.Thegovernmentsdon’texpectconsumerstousethenew-generationbulbs.63.Whatisthelastparagraghmainlyabout?A.Thetemperaturevarieswiththeseason.B.Theenergy-savingheatingsystemcanadjustthetemperaturE.C.Anenergy-savingheatingsystemwillcomeintousE.D.AdamWilsonisskilledininventingtheenergy-savingequipment.
- Satellitesareanimportantpartofourordinarylives.Forexampletheinformationforweatherforecastsissentbysatellite.SomesatelliteshavecameraswhichtakephotographsoftheEarthtoshowhowcloudsaremoving.Satellitesarealsousedtoconnectourinternationalphonecalls.Weusesatellitestosendtelevisionpicturesfromonepartoftheworldtoanother.Theyareusually35880kilometersabovetheequator.Sometimeswecanseeasatelliteintheskyanditseemstostayinthesameplace.Thisisbecauseitismovingaroundtheworldat11000kilometersanhour—exactlythesamespeedthattheearthrotates.AsatellitemustorbittheEarthwithitsantennae天线facingtheearth.SometimesitmovesawayfromitsorbitSotherearelittlerocketsonitwhichareusedtoputthesatellitebackintherightposition.Thisusuallyhappensabouteveryfiveorsixdays.Spaceisnotempty!EveryweekmoreandmoresatellitesaresentintospacetoorbittheEarth.Asatelliteusuallyworksforabout10-12years.SatelliteswhicharebrokenaresometimesrepairedbyastronautsorsometimesbroughtbacktoEarthtoberepaired.OftenveryoldorbrokensatellitesareleftinspacetoorbittheEarthforaverylongtime.Thisisveryseriousbecausesomesatellitesusenuclearpowerandtheycancrashintoeachother.66.WhichofthefollowingisNOTdonebysatellitesaccordingtothepassage?A.Sendinginformationforweatherforecast.B.TakingphotographsoftheEarth.C.SendingTVpictures.D.Providingfoodforairplanepilots.67.What’sthespeedtheearthrotatesat?A.35880kilometersperhour.B.335880kilometersperhour.C.11000kilometersperhour.D.110000kilometersperhour68.WhydoesthesatellitemovearoundtheworldatthesamespeedastheEarthrotates?A.Inordertotakephotographs.B.Inordertostayinacertainpositionintheorbit.C.Inordertomoveawayfromitsorbit.D.Inordertosendtelevisionpictures.69.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordThisinthe3rdparagraphreferto?A.Asatellite.B.Alittlerocket.C.Asatelliteseemstostayinthesameplaceinthesky.D.Thesatelliteputstherocketsintherightposition.70.Whichistrueofsatellites?A.Asatelliteusuallyworksforabout10-12years.B.EverytimeasatellitegetsbrokenitisbroughtbacktotheEarthtoberepaired.C.Abrokensatelliteisneverleftinspace.D.Theyoftencrashintoeachother.
- Astudyhasfoundthatpeoplewhoappeartobeconstantlydistracted分心havemoreworkingmemorygivingthemtheabilitytoholdalotofinformationintheirheadsandhandleitmentally.Childrenatschoolneedthistypeofmemoryonadailybasisforavarietyoftaskssuchasfollowingteachers'instructionsorrememberingoralsentences.Duringthestudyvolunteerswereaskedtoperformoneoftwosimpletasksduringwhichresearcherscheckedtoaskiftheparticipants'mindswerewandering.Attheendparticipantsmeasuredtheirworkingmemoryabilitybyrememberingaseriesofletterswithsimplemathsquestions.DanielapsychologistintheUnitedStatessaidthatthosewithhigherworkingmemoryabilityreportedmoremindwanderingduringthesesimpletasksbuttheirperformancedidnotsuffer.TheresultspublishedonlineinthejournalPsychologicalScienceappeartoconfirmpreviousresearchthatfoundworkingmemoryallowshumanstodealwithmultiple多种多样的thoughtsatthesametimE.DrSmallwoodinLeipzigGermanysaid:Whatthisstudyseemstosuggestisthatwhencircumstancesforthetaskaren’tverydifficultpeoplewhohaveadditionalworkingmemoryresourcesarrangethemtothinkaboutthingsotherthanwhatthey'redoing.WorkingmemoryabilityisalsoassociatedwithgeneralmeasuresofintelligencesuchasreadingcomprehensionandIQscoresandalsooffersawindowintothewidespreadbutnotwellunderstoodfieldofinternally内部地driventhoughts.DrSmallwoodadded:Ourresultssuggestthesortsofplanningthatpeopledoquiteoftenindailylife—whentheyareonthebuswhentheyarecyclingtoworkwhentheyareintheshower—areprobablysupportedbyworkingmemory.72.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WhywanderingmindisnecessaryB.A.newmeasuretotestIQC.TheimportanceofworkingmemoryD.Wanderingmindissharper73.Researchercanlearniftheparticipants'mindswerewanderingby.A.checkingitonthecomputerB.followingaseriesofinstructionsC.askingthemwhiletheyareperformingtasksD.measuringtheirworkingmemoryability74.Theunderlinedwordthemrefersto.A.theparticipantsB.theworkingmemoryresourcesC.thetasksD.theworkingcircumstances75.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.It'snotabadthingforchildrenwithwanderingminds.B.Theresultofthestudydoesn'tagreewiththepreviousresearch.C.Circumstancesmightmakechildren'sheadsclever.D.Onlyworkingmemorycanhandledifficultproblems.
- Aneworalmedicationtotreatpatientsintheearlystagesofmultiplesclerosis多发性硬化hasshownconsiderablepromiseintwoclinicaltrialsresearchersannouncedonWednesday.ThemedicationisontracktobecomejustthethirdoraldrugavailabletoM.S.patientsandpotentiallythesafestandmosteffectiveexpertssaiD.ThesecondoraldrugcalledAubagiowasapprovedjustlastweek.ThenewtrialspublishedonlineinTheNewEnglandJournalofMedicinefoundthatthedrugBG-12developedbyBiogenIdecreducedrelapsingM.Srates旧病复发率inpatientsbyabout50percent.Thedrugalsoobviouslyreducedthefrequencyofnewbraindamageandslowedtheprogressionofdiseasecomparedwithaplacebo安慰剂.InthetwoclinicaltrialscalledDefineandConfirmpatientsweredividedintotwogroupsatrandomtaking240milligramsofBG-12eithertwiceorthreetimesaday.Patientsinathirdgrouptookaplacebo.Thecombinedresultsshowedthatthedrugreducedtherelapseratebyabout50percent.TakingBG-12twiceadayreducedthenumberofnewlyenlargingbraindamagesby71percentto99percent.TheDefinetrialfoundastatisticallysignificant38percentreductionintheprogressiontodisability.Themostfrequentsideeffectswereatemporaryflushing脸红andwarmfeelingandothersymptomsincludingnauseadiarrheacrampingandvomiting.Thoughbothtypesofsideeffectswerecommontheytendedtoreduceafterthefirstfewweeksofuseandweretoleratedbymostpatients.HoweverInterferonsthedrugsmostcommonlyusedinrelapsingM.S.reducerelapsesbyabout30percentandhavenotbeenshowntoslowtheprogressionofthediseaseanddisability.ThenewlyapprovedAubagioalsoreducesrelapsesbyabout30percentandithastheadvantageofbeinganoraldrug.BG-12isananti-inflammatorythatworksbyprotectingnervesagainstinjury.ThesafetytrackrecordiswellknownandappearstobeverystrongsaidDr.RobertFoxleadauthorofoneofthenewstudiesandmedicaldirectoroftheMellenCenterforMultipleSclerosisTreatment.It’sabrightdayforM.S.patientsbutthereisagraycloudinthatwestilldon’thaveanythingforthosewithprogressiveM.S.headdeD.63.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthefunctionofBG-12?A.Itcanslowtheprogressiontodisabilitysignificantly.B.ItcanreducerelapsesratesinpatientswithrelapsingM.S.C.ItcandecreasethenumberofbraindamagescausedbyM.S.D.Itcanmakepatientsexcitedandensurepatientshaveawarmfeeling.64.Whatcanyouinferfromtheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraph?A.BG-12canrelievethepainfromthepatientssufferingfromM.S.B.ThereishopebutstillalongwaytofindacureforprogressiveM.S.C.ScientistscannotinventmedicationforpatientswithprogressiveM.S.D.PatientsintheearlystagesofM.SwillstillsufferalotinthefuturE.65.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AdvantagesofBG-12B.GoodnewsforthepatientsC.ComparisonsbetweenthreedrugsD.A.neworalmedicationfortheearlyM.S.
- Wavesarebeautifultolookatbuttheycandestroyshipsatseaaswellashousesandbuildingsneartheshore.Whatcauseswaves?Mostwavesarecausedbywindsblowingoverthesurfaceofthewater.Thesunheatstheearthcausingtheairtoriseandthewindstoblow.Thewindsblowacrosstheseapushinglittlewavesintobiggerandbiggerones.Thesizeofawavedependsonhowstrongthewindishowlongitblowsandhowlargethebodyofwateris.Inasmallbaybigwaveswillneverbuildupbutatseathewindcanbuildupgiantpowerfulwaves.A.rulesaysthattheheightofawaveinmeterswillusuallybenomorethanone-tenthofthewind’sspeedinkilometers.Inotherwordswhenthewindisblowingat120kilometersperhourmostwaveswillbeabouttwelvemetersofcourseandsomewavesmaycombinetoformgiantwavesthataremuchhigher.In1933theUnitedStatesNavyreportedthelargestmeasuredwaveinhistory.ItroseinthePacificOceantoaheightofthirty-fourmeters.1.Thewavescanbuildup.A.atseaB.inasmallbayC.inalakeD.onariver2.Whenthewindisblowingat80kilometersperhourtheheightofmostwaveswillbe_______A.aboutonemeterB.abouteightmetersC.abouteightymetersD.abouttenmeters3.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.BeautifulWavesB.WavesinthePacificOceanC.WhatCausesWavesD.TheLargestWavesinHistory
- AtthebottomoftheworldliesamightycontinentstillwrappedintheIceAgeanduntilrecenttimesunknowntoman.Itisagreatlandmasswithmountainrangeswhoseextentandelevationarestilluncertain.Muchofthecontinentisacompleteblankonourmaps.ManhasexploredonfootlessthanonepercentofitsareA.AntarcticadiffersfundamentallyfromtheArcticregions.TheArcticisanoceancoveredwithdriftingpackediceandhemmedinbythelandmassesofEuropeAsiaandNorthAmericA.TheAntarcticaisacontinentalmostaslargeasEuropeandAustraliacombinedcenteredroughlyontheSouthPoleandsurroundedbythemostunobstructedwaterareasoftheworld—theAtlanticPacificandIndianOceans.Thecontinentalicesheetismorethantwomileshighinitscenter;thustheairovertheAntarcticaisfarmoreicedthanitisovertheArcticregions.Thiscoldaircurrentfromthelandissoforcefulthatitmakesthenearbyseasthestormiestintheworldandmakesunlivablethoseregionswhosecounterparts配对物attheoppositeendoftheglobearelivablE.Thusmorethanamillionpersonslivewithin2000milesoftheNorthPoleinanareathatincludesmostofAlaskaSiberiaandScandinavia—aregionrichinforestandminingindustries.ApartfromahandfulofweatherstationswithinthesamedistanceoftheSouthPolethereisnotasingletreeindustryorsettlement.66.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe________.A.IcelandB.LandofOpportunityC.UtopiaatLastD.TheUnknownContinent67.AtthetimethisarticlewaswrittenourknowledgeaboutAntarcticawas______.A.verylimitedB.vastC.fairlyrichD.non-existent68.What’sthefundamentaldifferencebetweenAntarcticaandtheArctic?A.TheArcticisanoceanwhileAntarcticaisacontinent.B.TheArcticisinhabitedbypeoplewhileAntarcticaisuninhabitablE.C.TheArcticiscoveredwithicewhileAntarcticaissurroundedbywater.D.TheArcticissurroundedbycontinentswhileAntarcticaisborderedbyoceans.69.TheAntarcticaismadeuninhabitableprimarilyby________.A.iceB.calmseasC.coldairD.lackofwater70.Accordingtothisarticle________.A.2000peopleliveontheAntarcticaContinentB.amillionpeoplelivewithin2000milesoftheSouthPoleC.weatherconditionsmakesettlementsimpracticalD.onlyahandfulofnativesinhabitAntarctica
- Technologytodayhasstolenawayourvoicesandrobbedourchildrenofmemories.I’vebeenkeepingcountofhowoftenpeoplesingaroundthehousethesedays.Thefactistheydon’t.Myearliestmemoriesareofmymothercrooninglullabies催眠曲inagentlelowvoiceassherockedeachinfantinturn.Shesaidshedidn’thaveasingingvoicebutherlowwaveringaltowillalwaysmeancomforttomE.EverytimeIhavesatthroughthenightwithafeverishbodyorheldapre–schoolerthroughanightmarethemelodiesreturnedwordsappearinganddisappearinglikefragmentsofadreambutheldtogetherbythehum低声吟唱oflovE.Todayyoungmothersareroutinelypresentedwithlullabytapesatthebabyshower.Whenbabycriestheideagoestheywillbeabletoswitchonthehigh-techaudiosystemandthelittleonewilldriftoffwiththevoicesofstrangersinhisearsperfectlyonpitch.IfIhadmywaynewparentswouldlearnthesongsthemselvesthrowouttheirstereosandgivetheirchildthegiftoftheirownsleepyvoicesthroughthemidnighthours.Thesedayswhenwegoonatripmydaughterstakealongtinypersonalstereosandheadphones.TheyarelostintheirprivateworldsandIcan’thelpwishingthatatleasthereinthecarmygirlswouldbeforcedtolistentotheirmother’svoiceraisedinlost–the–wordsagainsureI’mout-of-tunesongsthattheymightthenpassdowntoanothergeneration.ThosesophisticatedearphoneshaverobbedthemofsomethingIthinkeverykidshouldcarryfromchildhoodcartripsintoadulthooD.Idroveawayfromthatpartyhummingandallthewayhomethegoodoldsongskepttumblingout.Dammit该死IthoughtwhydidIeverstopsinginginthecarandstartturningontheradioinstead?Whydon’tIsignanymorewhileI’mdoingthedishes?I’mgoingtoyankthosestereowiresrightoutofthewallwhenIgethomE.We’regoingtosinggracebeforemealssingcoalsaroundthepianosingintheshowerinsteadofswitchingonthatwaterproofradiothatstolawayourvoicesandoursouls.63.Theauthorhatestoday’stechnologybecause.A.drivingacarrequireshighconcentrationB.childrenarelearningpopsongsfromtapesC.childrenhavelosttouchwithgoodoldsongsD.high–techsystemsdonotrecordthevoicesofagedpeople64.TheunderlinedsentencethelittleonewilldriftoffinParagraph3meansthat.A.theplayofthehigh–techsystemisoflittleuseB.thehigh–techsystemwillplayonandonC.thelowvoicewilldelightthebabyD.thebabywillslowlygotosleep65.Totheauthorthevoicesofstrangers.A.arenotfamiliartothebabyB.lackthemotherlylovethebabyneedsC.workbettertostopthebaby’scryD.surelysoundmorepleasant66.Whattheauthorwishestomakehergirlsdoisto.A.helpmemorizethewordswhilesheissingingB.takeofftheirwell–designedearphonesC.listenandlearntheoldsongsfromherD.remembertheirchildhoodcartrips
- Asweknowtheearth’sclimatehaschangedovertimE.Thepresentrateofclimatechangedependsinlargepartonhumanactivities.Todaypeopleallovertheworldaremakingeverydaychoicesthathelptheenvironment.SmallactionsmatterandtheyallmakeadifferencE.Inotherwordsclimatechangeisyourbusiness.AwomaninNicaraguabuysfluorescent荧光的lightbulbsthatare80percentmoreenergy-savingthantraditionalones.Manygovernmentsarenowsubsidizingenergy-savinglightstoencouragepeopletoturntothem.Consumersarediscoveringthatthenew-generationbulbshelpthemsavemoneyinthelongrun.Agricultureaccountsforabout14percentofglobalgreenhousegasemissions排放andtransportingthefoodaroundaddstotheenvironmentalcost.ThereisateamofyoungvegetablegrowersintheUnitedKingdomwhowanttoencouragekidstostartplantingtheirownfruitandvegetables.AyounglawyerwearingbusinessclothesridesherbicycletoworkinalargeU.S.city.She’sbeenbikingtoworkeverydayforthepasttwoyearsandsaysit’saloteasierthanmanypeoplethink.A.recentstudyfoundthatmoreAmericansbikeorwalktoworktodaythanbeforE.AuniversitystudentfromsoutheasternChinacarriesareusableshoppingbagtocutbackondisposable一次性的plastics.Somelargeshopkeepershaveremovedpaperandplasticbagsandconsumersareresponding.InCanberraAustraliasummersarehotandwinterscolD.TosaveelectricityAdamWilsoninCanberrausesanenergy-savingheatingsystemandhekeepsthetemperaturelowerthanhedidinyearspast.Hestillmakesitthroughthesummerwithoutairconditioning.60.Thepassagemainlytellsusthat.A.humanistodestroytheenvironmentB.theglobalwarmingisgettingworseC.savingenergyisofgreatnecessityD.climatechangeisconcernedwitheveryone61.Theunderlinedwordsubsidizeinthesecondparagraphprobablymeans.A.chargeB.produceC.searchforD.giveallowance62.Whichofthefollowingistrue?A.ManypeopleinNicaraguagotoworkonfootorbybikE.B.UniversitystudentsfromChinaalwayscarrydisposableshoppingbags.C.Agricultureshouldberesponsibleforpartoftheglobalgasemissions.D.Thegovernmentsdon’texpectconsumerstousethenew-generationbulbs.63.Whatisthelastparagraghmainlyabout?A.Thetemperaturevarieswiththeseason.B.Theenergy-savingheatingsystemcanadjustthetemperaturE.C.Anenergy-savingheatingsystemwillcomeintousE.D.AdamWilsonisskilledininventingtheenergy-savingequipment.
- You’relostintheworldofdreamsandsleep.YourolloversmilingasyoucomeacrossaswimmingpoolfilledwithchocolatE.AndthenyourwonderfuldreambecomesanightmarewhensomeoneisscreamingGetup!It’sjustwhateveryteenagergoesthrougheachmorning!Nowthereseemstobeoneschoolthatfinallyunderstandsthatrequiringteenstoshowupat9amisnotjustcruelbutalsoharmfultoboththekidsandtheschool.TheMonkseatonHighSchoolinNorthTynesideBritainrecentlydecidedtoexperimenttoseeifthereisanydifferenceinstudentbehavioriftheyjustpushedbackthestartoftheirdaybyonehourfrom9amto10am.Andtheresultsaresurprising.SincecarryingoutthelaterstartMonkseatonhasseena28%dropintruancyevenhardlyanylatenessandbestofallhighertestscores.Oneofthereasonsisthattheteenagersaremuchhappiertohavetheextrahourofsleepbutthereisalsoascientificreasonbehindwhytheyneedtheextrasleep.Theschool’sdecisiontopushbackthetimewasbasedontheresearchdonebyOxfordProfessorRussellFosterwhopointedoutthatteenagersandadultshavedifferentsleepcyclesexplainingwhyteenagersgotobedlateandwakeuplatE.Whileadultsarewideawakeandreadyat8amteenagersarenotfullyawakeuntil10amsometimesevennoon.Teachersmayarguethattheirstudentsperformbetterinthemorningbutinfactitisbecausetheyareinthezonewhiletheirstudentsarestillsleepymakingthestudentseasiertocontrol.MemorytestsprovethatthemoredifficultclassesshouldbeintheafternoonwhenteenagersaremostwideawakE.TheMonkseatonschoolofficialsareencouragedbytheresultsandplanonvotingtomakeitapermanentchangE.67.What’sthebesttitleofthispassage?A.Getupearlyteenagers!B.Finallyaschoolunderstandsteenagers.C.Whydoteenagersstayuplate?D.Differencebetweenteensandadults.68.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordtruancy?A.gradesB.subjectsC.absenceD.classes69.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.TeenagersandadultshavethesamesleepcyclE.B.Teenagersarefullyawakeat10am.C.Teenagersaremuchhappiertosleepthanstudy.D.Teenagersneedtheextrasleepalsoforascientificreason.70.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.TheMonkseatonschoolissatisfiedwiththeresultofexperiments.B.Itiscruelfortheteenagerstoshowupat9am.C.TheMonkseatonschoolplanstochangetheschooltimeforever.D.Teenagersperformbetterinthemorningthanintheafternoon.
- WiththeTeslaRoadsterandotherplugin插入式electricvehicleshittingtheroaddemandisgrowingforaccessiblerefuelingpointstorechargethem.CarbonDayAutomotiveaChicagobasedcompanyhasnowdemonstratedasolarpoweredrechargingpointknownastheSolarPlugInStationwhichletsmotoristseasilychargetheircarsusingelectricitythathasbeenproducedwithoutanyenvironmentaldamagE.TheSolarPlugInStationhasgoneonshowinChicagoaspartofthecity’sbidtohostthe2016OlympicGames.AccordingtoCarbonDayAutomotivetheSolarPlugInStationonshowinChicagoispartofthevitalinfrastructure基础设施requiredforelectricvehiclesinChicagoandwasthefocusofarecentvisitbytheInternationalOlympicCommitteE.Thesesolarpoweredelectricitypointswillbeuseddailytofuelthecity’selectricvehicleswithpowerfromthesun.ByproducingtheelectricityfrompollutionfreesolarcelltheCO2emissionsarereducedtozero.SolarenergyandelectricvehiclesareapartnershipthatisonemoresteptoreducingourdependenceonforeignoilsaysRichardLowenthalCEOofCoulombTechnologies.CoulombTechnologiesrecentlydevelopedthecomponents部件requiredforindividualrechargingstationsmarketedasChargePointNetworkedChargingStations.CarbonDayAutomotiveistheMidwestdistributorfortheChargePointstations.TheSolarPlugInStationconsistsofgiantsolarpanels电池板thatshadethetinyChargePointNetworkedChargingStation.Thesolarpanelisconnectedtoanundergroundbatterypackreadyforeverydayrefueling.WithoutthesestationsitwouldbelikedrivingaroundinatraditionalcarwithouttheavailabilityofgasstationssaysScottEmalfarbCEOatCarbonDay.Thedayoftruepluginelectricvehicleswillbeheresoonerthanmostpeoplerealizeandtheworldneedstobereadytoaccommodatethem.66.TheSolarPlugInStationisusedaspartofthebidtohosttheOlympicsmainlybecause________.A.it’senvironmentallyfriendlyB.itmakesupforthelackofelectricityC.it’sanewideaandattractspeople’sattentionD.itbringsconveniencetoelectricvehicleusers67.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A.torechargetheelectricvehiclestakesalongtimeB.theSolarPlugInStationwillcomeintousein2016C.theSolarPlugInStationhasgoneonshowinternationallyD.Chicagoispromotingtheuseofelectricvehicles68.AccordingtothepassagehowmanyofthefollowingstatementsareTRUE?A.TeslaRoadsterisakindofpluginelectricvehiclE.B.TheSolarPlugInStationusessolarpowertochargeallofthecars.C.Chicagoisacitywhichisrichinoil.D.TheSolarPlugInStationconsistsofundergroundbatterypacks.E.ScottEmalfarbisoptimisticaboutthefutureofpluginelectricvehicles.A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.69.ThepassageimpliesthatwhentheSolarPlugInStationbecomespopular________.A.morevisitorswillcometoChicagoB.thecitizensofChicagowillbeabletogotoworkfasterC.morespaceforelectricvehicleswillbeneededD.thecostofelectricvehicleswillbelowerthantraditionalcars70.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ChicagoWillSoonBeFullofElectricVehiclesB.ChicagoCallsonPeopletoBuyElectricVehiclesC.ChicagoFightsforItsBidtoHostthe2016OlympicsD.ChicagoShowsItsSolarpoweredRechargingStations
- Whiletherestoftheworldcarriedoncyclingduringthe1950sand1960sAmericaforgothow;evenhigh-schoolchildrenwoulddrivetoschool.Recentlytherehasbeensomethingofarecoveryincyclingandinmanyareasitisaveryusefulwayofgettingaroundespeciallywherebikepathsorbikerouteshavebeenbuilt.Youmaywellwanttobuyhireorborrowabike.TherearetwoimportantresultsofthisearlierdropincyclingintheUSA.Oneisthatmanypeopledonotknowhowtocycle.Thatiscyclistsoftenbehavemorelikewalkersthanmotorists:theyrideinthesidewalkoronthewrongsideoftheroad;theydonotcareforstopsignsortrafficlights;theyridewithoutlightsatnight;theygivenosignals.Theotherresultisthatcyclingisregardedbymanypeoplenotsomuchasawayofgettingfromoneplacetoanotherbutasawayoflifeaformofexerciseetc.AsaresultlargenumbersofyoungAmericanshaveten-speedracingbikes.Theseareveryhighandfastandgreatifyouarecyclinglongdistanceridingupmountainsorracing.Atfirstthoughyoumayfindthemconvenientforcyclingintownsightseeingorshopping--theyareexpensiveuncomfortableandhardtocontroluntilyougetusedtothemandunsuitableforroughstonyroads.Therearealsoordinarybikesaround.Ifyougetholdofoneoftheseyoumayfindthatthebrakes刹车workbypedaling踩踏板backwards.Thisisperhapssaferthanordinarybrakeswhenitiswetbutitseemstobelesseffective.Thisarrangementalsomeansyoucan'tpedalbackwardsinordertogetthepedalintherightplaceforgettingonorgettingoff.63.Thepassagegivesusabriefintroduction______.A.advantageofbikesB.cyclinginAmericaC.AmericantransportationD.howtorideabike64.YoungAmericanspreferracingbikesbecausethey________.A.canhelpkeepfitB.areeasytolearnC.aresafertorideD.areexpensiveandpopular65.WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTresultfromtheearlydropincyclingintheUSA?A.Cyclistsdonotcarefortrafficlights.B.Peoplerideonthewrongsideoftheroads.C.Cyclingisnotconsideredawayoftransportation.D.PeoplehavetopedalbackwardstostopthebikE.66.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthatinthemiddleofthe20thcentury_______.A.manyAmericansenjoyedcyclingB.cyclingwaspopularintheworlD.C.racingbikeswerebetterthanordinaryones.D.therewerenospecialroadsforbikesinAmericA.
- Believeitornotopticalillusion错觉cancuthighwaycrashes.Japanisacaseinpoint.Ithasreducedautomobilecrashesonsomeroadsbynearly75percentusingasimpleopticalillusion.Bentstripescalledchevronspaintedontheroadsmakedriversthinkthattheyaredrivingfasterthantheyreallyareandthusdriversslowdown.NowtheAmericanAssociationFoundationforTrafficSafetyinWashingtonD.C.isplanningtorepeatJapan’ssuccess.Startingnextyearthefoundationwillpaintchevronsandotherpatternsofstripesonselectedroadsaroundthecountrytotesthowwellthepatternsreducehighwaycrashes.Excessivespeedplaysamajorroleinasmuchasonefifthofallfataltrafficaccidentsaccordingtothefoundation.Tohelpreducethoseaccidentsthefoundationwillconductitstestsinareaswherespeed---relatedhazardsarethegreatest---curvesexitslopestrafficcirclesandbridges.Somestudiessuggestthatstraighthorizontalbarspaintedacrossroadscaninitiallycuttheaveragespeedofdriversinhalf.Howevertrafficoftenreturnstofullspeedwithinmonthsasdriversbecomeusedtoseeingthepaintedbar.Chevronsscientistssaynotonlygivedriverstheimpressionthattheyaredrivingfasterthantheyreallyarebutalsomakealaneappeartobenarrower.Theresultisalongerlastingreductioninhighwayspeedandthenumberoftrafficaccidents.63.Thepassagemainlydiscusses___________.A.anewwayofhighwayspeedcontrolB.anewpatternforpaintinghighwaysC.anewapproachtotrainingdriversD.anewtypeofopticalillusion64.Onroadspaintedwithchevronsdriverstendtofeelthat___________.A.theyshouldavoidspeed-relatedhazardsB.theyaredrivinginthewronglaneC.theyshouldslowdowntheirspeedD.theyareapproachingthespeedlimit65.Theadvantageofchevronsoverstraighthorizontalbarsisthattheformer__________.A.cankeepdriversawakeB.cancutroadaccidentsinhalfC.willhavealongereffectondriversD.willlookmoreattractive66.TheAmericanAssociationFoundationforTrafficSafetyplansto__________.A.tryouttheJapanesemethodincertainareas.B.changetheroadsignsacrossthetestedareasC.replacestraighthorizontalbarswithchevronsD.repeattheJapaneseroadpatterns
- PeoplehaveoftenwonderedaboutMargaretThatcher’sfamousclaimthatsheonlyneededfourhoursofsleepanight.PeoplewereamazedthatformerBritishPrimeMinisterhadmanagedtorunthecountryonsolittlesleep.Mostpeopleneedatleastsevenoreighthoursresteverynight.Butnowscientistshavediscoveredagene基因thataffectstheamountofsleepweneedandwhichallowssomepeopletosurviveonfewerhours.Theyfoundamotherandadaughterwhohaveararegenethatallowsthemtosleeplessthantherestoftheirfamily—butstillfeelalertduringtheday.Thepairmanagedtostayalertonaboutsixhourssleepanighttwohourslessthantherestoftheirfamilyneeds.ThefindingpublishedinSciencemagazineoffersanewdirectionforstudiesonhowsleepaffectshealth.ExpertssayadultsneedseventoninehoursofsleepforgoodhealthwhileteenagersandkidsneedmorE.Peoplewhodon’tgetenoughsleeparemorelikelytogetsickandsufferfrommemoryloss.In2001scientistsattheUniversityofCaliforniadiscoveredamutation突变inagenethatcausespeoplewiththatgenetohaveveryunusualsleepingpatterns.Thesepeoplegotobedaround7:30pmandwakearound3:30am.Nowtheteamhasfoundagenethataffectshowlongapersoncanstayasleep.Inthefamilytheystudiedthe69-year-oldmotherandher44-year-olddaughterusuallywenttobedaround10pm.Themotherwokeuparound4amandherdaughterwokeuparound4:30am.BothofthemfeltfullyresteD.BloodtestsshowedthewomenhaveamutationinagenenamedDEC2whichregulatesthebody’sclock.ResearcherYing-HuiFubred培育miceandfruitfliestocarrythemutation.Thefliesandmicewiththemutationsleptlessthanordinaryfliesandmiceandneededlesstimetorecoverfromlittlesleep.64.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Lesssleepdoesnotaffectpeople’shealth.B.Differentpeoplehavedifferentsleepingpatterns.C.Newmeasurescanreducetheeffectoflesssleeponhealth.D.Thehoursweneedtosleepmaybeaffectedbysomegeneinourbody.65.TheunderlinedwordalertinParagraph4issimilarinmeaningto.A.comfortableB.wideawakeC.quitealiveD.sleepy66.Inthestudythemotherandthedaughter.A.werefoundtohaveamutationinthegeneDEC2B.wereaskedtosleeplessthanotherfamilymembersC.hadthesamesleepingpatternasotherfamilymembersD.sufferedfrommemorylossforsleepingonlysixhoursanight67.Accordingtothepassagethenewfindingcanhelp.A.recovermemorylossB.curesleepingproblemsC.getridofmiceandfruitfliesmoreeasilyD.explainwhysomepeopleneedlesssleeptofeelfullyrested
- Thehomeofthefuturewon’tbecompletelydifferentandwewillbelivinginhousesandflatsjustaswedotoday.Butpeoplewillwanttoshapetheirhomestomatchtheirdreams.Notwohomeswillbethesame.Peoplewillbeabletobuyhousekitscontainingabasichousestructurewithmovablewallsdoorsandwindows.Theywillputtogetherthedifferentpartstocreatethehometheywant.Manyjobsthatwedotodaywilldisappearotherswillstillexistbutwillchangeandnewjobswillbecreated.Skilledworkerssuchasbuildersgardenersandelectricianswon’tdisappearbecausemachinescan’treplacethem.Teacherswillstillexistbecausestudentsneedhumancontact.Buttheywillbeusingmoderntechnologyinclassmoreandstudentswillbeworkingmorefromhome.Themedicaltechnologyrevolutionandspacetravelwillcreatenewjobswhichwecanonlyimaginetoday.Spaceholidayswilldevelopinthefuturebuttheseholidayswon’tbeforeveryonebecausetheywon’tbecheap.Shortspacetripswilldevelopfirstthenspacehotelswillorbittheearthwhereitwillbepossibletohavealongervacation.Bytheendofthenextcenturytherewillbeholidaycentresonthemoonwithleisurefacilitiesforfamilies.Paperwon’texistinthefuture.Insteadtherewillbee-paperwhichpeoplewillbeabletouseoverandoveragain.Thiswilldevelopinordertosavenaturalresources.E.-newspapersande-magazineswillreplacetraditionalnewspapersandmagazinesandwewilldownloadinformationandnewsarticlesfromtheInterneteverydayontoourreusablepaper.Thelawsofphysicstellusthattheearthisgoingtodisappearsometimeinthefuture.Thisisn’tgoingtohappentomorrowbutscientistspredictthatitwillhappeninfivebillionyearswhenoursunexplodes.Wewillhavetoexploretheuniverseandfindanotherhome.Atsomepointinthedistantfutureeitherwestayontheearthanddiewithitorweleaveandmovetoanotherplanet.Therewon’tbeanyotherchoice.63.Homesofthefuturewill________.A.becompletelydifferentfromthoseoftoday.B.beverysimilartoourhomesC.allbedifferentfromoneanotherD.bemovableasyouwant64.Spacetripsandstayinginspacehotelswill_________.A.becomeaverycommonwaytospendaholidayB.bethecheapestholidayoptionforfamiliesC.attractalotofpeopleD.stillonlybeforveryrichpeople65.E.-paperwillreplacetraditionalpaperbecause_________.A.wewilluseitagainB.itwon’twastenaturalresourceC.itwillbecheapertoproduceD.itwillbeconvenienttocarry66.Wewillhavetomovetoanotherplanet________.A.ifwewanttosavethehumanraceB.whenthesunexplodesC.whentheearthdisappearsD.whentheearthistoocrowdedtofillpeopleon
- LocatedintheforestsnearthevillageofHaradsinnorthernSwedentheTreehotelopeneditsdoorsinthesummerof2010andofferssixguestrooms.OwnersBrittaandKentLindvallinviteddesignersandarchitectstocreateaseriesofuniquetreehousesthatreflectthegrowingpopularityofecologically-themedholidays.There’stheMirrorcubea4×4×4meteraluminumboxinmirroredglass.AccessedviaafootbridgetheCabinissuspendedfromthesurroundingpinesonasteepbankaffordingviewsoftheLuleaRiver.BoththeseroomssleeptwopeoplewhiletheNestcoveredinbranchestheBlueConewhichisactuallypaintedredandtheUFOaspaceshipskeweredbypinesallhaveenoughroomtosleepafamilyoffour.TheTreehotelwasbuiltaftertheysawa2008Swedishdocumentary纪录片calledTradalskarenThetreeloverthattellsthestoryofthreemenwhobuildatreehouseinanattempttorediscovertheirruralrootsafteryearsoflivinginacity.TheLindvallswhoalreadyownedandrananearbyguesthousesawthechancetocreateadifferentkindofholidayexperiencE.WhenthefilmwasoverinterestintheoriginaltreehousegrewsowedecidedtobuildourownclosertoourplacE.KentLindvallsaidTheplanfornextyearisfivenewrooms.WealsoplantobuildachapelsopeoplecangetmarrieduptherE.OpenallyearroundtheTreehotelmightattractonlythehardiestofsoulsduringthewinnerastemperaturestypicallydiptoaroundminus15degreesCelsius.ButbravetravelerswillberewardedwithstunningsnowylandscapesaswellasaTreeSaunaandunder-floorheatingineveryroomdeliveredbyrenewableenergy.67.BrittaandKentLindvallopenedtheTreehotelto__________.A.drawattentiontoprotectingforestsB.meetthetourists’demandforgettingclosetonatureC.introduceexcellentideasofdesignersD.Promoteapeacefullifestyleforcitizens68.Whichofthefollowingroomssuitsacouplemost?A.TheNest.B.TheUFO.C.TheCabin.D.TheBlueConE.69.WhatcanwelearnaboutTradalskaren?A.ItisaboutBrittaandKentLindvall’slifeexperiencE.B.Itintroducesthehistoryofbuildingtreehouses.C.IttellsaboutanexperienceofreturningtonaturE.D.ItaimstoattractholidaymakerstotheTreehotel.70.Theunderlinedwordchapelmayrefertoasmall________.A.supermarketB.churchC.clothesshopD.Doubleroom
- SmalldiscoveriesinIndonesiaarecausingastirinthescienceworlD.Researchershaveexcavatedtinybonesthattheybelievebelongtoanentirelynewhumanspecies.Ifthat’strueitwillchangehowwethinkaboutourancestors.CluesthatthelittlepeoplemayhavelivedlongagowerefirstissuedlastyearinthescientificjournalNaturE.Scientistssaidthattheyhadfoundthebonesofathree-foot-tallfemaleontheislandofFloresinIndonesiA.Whentheylookedmorecloselytheysawthatthenearlycompleteskeleton骨架belongedtoafull-grownadult.ResearchersnamedherHobbitafterthetinyheroesoftheLordoftheRingsbooks.Nowtheteamissayingithasexcavatedevenmorepiecesofthepuzzleincludingajawboneandpartsofarmslegsandhandsfromseveralindividualsaswellasstonetools.TheyreportedtheirfindinNaturethismonth.Thenewevidencemakesitveryclearthatthesepeopleareanewspeciesdistinctfrommodernhumans.PeterBrownascientistontheteamsaiD.TheynamedtheseancienthumansHomofloresiensis.Brownsaysthattheselittlepeoplelivedasrecentlyas12000yearsago.IfHomofloresiensiswasadifferentspeciesfrommodernhumansthatwouldmakeourfamilytreebiggerthanweknewItmeanssaysBrownthatuntilrecentlyarelativesharedtheplanetwithus.Manyscientiststhinkanewspeciesisunlikely.Somearguethatthebonesmusthavebelongedtomodernhumanswhosesmallsizewastheresultofageneticproblem.DanielE.LiebermanascientistatHarvardUniversitythinksthatthedebateoverthediscoveryishealthy.Hebelievesthatthequestionsandargumentsraisedbycriticswillhelpuslearnmoreabouttheseunusualskeletons.DisagreementisanimportantpartofthescientificprocessLiebermansaidAsfarasI’mconcernedthestory’sonlyjustbegun.68.ResearchersnametheskeletonHobbitbecause.A.itisafiguredescribedintheLordoftheRingsB.itresemblesthetinyheroesinasetofbooksC.itprovestobeafull-grownadultD.itbelongstoanancienthumanspecies69.SmalldiscoveriesinIndonesiaareimportantbecause.A.theyareissuedinthescientificjournalNatureB.theyaremadebyPeterBrownafamousscientistC.theyareaboutancestorsofmodernhumansD.theymightprovidenewevidenceforhumanstudy70.AccordingtoDanielE.Lieberman.A.Homofloresiensisdoesn’texistB.disagreementleadstofurtherresearchC.theresearchhasn’tbegunyetD.ourfamilytreeisbiggerthanweknow71.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.ComparisonBetweenDifferentPeoplesB.ArgumentsOverHumanOriginC.DiscoveryofaPossibleNewHumanSpeciesD.HistoryofIndonesianPeople
- WhilesomescientistsoverlooktheexistenceofasixthsensefordangeranewresearchfromWashingtonUniversityinSt.Louishasidentifiedabrainareathatclearlyactsasanearlywarningsystemandhelpsusadjustourbehaviortoavoiddangeroussituations.OurbrainsarebetteratpickingupnotobviouswarningsignsthanwepreviouslythoughtsaidJoshuaBrownPhDaresearchassociateinpsychologyintheFeB.18issueofthejournalSciencE.ThefindingsofferexactscientificevidenceforanewwaytoformaconceptofthecomplexcontrolprocessestakingplaceinandaroundtheACCabrainarealocatednearthetopofthefrontallobes耳垂andalongthewallsthatdividetheleftandrighthemispheres大脑半球.InthepastwefoundactivityintheACCwhenpeoplehadtomakeadifficultdecisionoraftertheymakeamistakeBrownsaiD.ButnowwefindthatthisbrainareacanactuallylearntorecognizewhenyoumightmakeamistakeevenbeforeadifficultdecisionhastobemadE.SotheACCappearstoactasanearlywarningsystem——itlearnstowarnusinadvancewhenourbehaviormightleadtoanegativeoutcomesothatwecanbemorecarefulandavoidmakingamistakE.Byprovidingaclearerpictureofthecognitivemechanisms认知结构bywhichweselfmonitorandcontrolourbehaviorthestudyisanimportantstepineffortstodevelopmoreeffectivetreatmentsformentalillnesses.Italsoprovidesanewwayofunderstandinginappropriatebehaviorsthatoftenaccompanymentalillnesses.OurresultssuggesthowinjuryoftheACCmechanismscanleadtobreakdownsintheearlywarningsystemsothatthebrainfailstostoporcontrolinappropriatebehavioraheadoftimesaidBrown.OntheotherhandinthosepersonswithmentaldisordertheACCmightwarnofanupcomingproblemevenwhennoproblemisintheexistencE.Knowntobeanimportantpartofthebrain'scontrolsystemtheACCisbelievedtohelpadjustbetweencoldhardfact-basedreasoningandemotionalresponsessuchaslovefearorexpectation.68.AccordingtothepassagetheACC____________.A.referstothesixthsensefordangerB.dealswithobviouswarningsituationsC.connectstheleftandrighthemispheresD.sendswarningmessagesinadvance69.Thenewresearchisbeneficialbecauseit________.A.providesanewwayofavoidingmistakesB.adjustsemotionalresponsesintimeofdangerC.helpsfindbettertreatmentsformentalillnessesD.assistspeopleinpredictingandavoidingdanger70.Thenewresearchhelpsusunderstand_________.A.whywearelikelytomakemistakeswhentheACCisbadlyinjuredB.whypeoplewithmentalillnessesusuallyhavesomanystrangebehaviorsC.howtheACCworkswhensomethingdangeroushappensD.howourbrainwarnsusoffailureinadvance
- Babygirlsmaketheirwaydirectlyfordollsassoonastheycancrawlwhileboyswillheadforcarsastudyhasshown.Thefindingsthefirsttoshowdifferencesinveryyoungbabiessuggestthereisabiologicalbasistotheirpreferences.PsychologistsDrBrendaToddfromCityUniversityLondoncarriedoutanexperimentinvolving90babiesaged9monthsto36months.Thebabieswereallowedtochoosefromseventoys.Someweretypicallyboys’toys----acaradiggeraballandablueteddy.Therestweregirls’toys:apinkteddyadollandacookingset.TheywereplacedameterawayfromthetoysandcouldpickwhichevertoytheylikedTheirchoiceandtheamountoftimetheyspentplayingwitheachtoywererecordeD.Oftheyoungestchildren9to14monthsgirlsspentsignificantlylongerplayingwiththedollthanboysandboysspentmuchmoretimewiththecarandballthanthegirlsdiD.Amongthetwoandthree-year-oldsgirlsspent50percentofthetimeplayingwiththedollwhileonlytwoboysbrieflytouchedit.Theboysspentalmost90percentoftheirtimeplayingwithcarswhichthegirlsbarelytoucheD.Therewasnolinkbetweentheparents’viewonwhichtoysweremoreappropriateforboysorgirlsandthechildren’schoicE.DrBrendaToddsaidChildrenofthisagearealreadyexposedtomuchsocialization.Boysmaybegiven‘toysthatgo’whilegirlsgettoystheycancareforwhichmayhelpshapetheirpreferencE.Butthesefindingsagreewiththeformerideathatchildrenshownaturalinterestsinparticularkindsoftoys.Therecouldbeabiologicalbasisfortheirchoices.Malesthroughevolutionhavebeenadaptedtoprefer:movingobjectsprobablythroughhuntinginstincts本能whilegirlspreferwarmercolorssuchaspinkthecolourofanewbornbaby.55.Babyboysandgirlshavedifferenttoypreferencesprobablybecause________.A.babyboysaremuchmoreactiveB.babygirlslikebrightcolorsmoreC.theirparentstreatthemdifferentlyD.thereisanaturaldifferencebetweenthem56.Bothbabyboysandbabygirlsliketoplaywith________accordingtothestudy.A.aballB.ateddyC.acarD.adoll57.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph3?A.Nine-month-oldbabyboysdon’tplaywithdollsatall.B.Two-year-oldbabygirlssometimesplaywithcarsandballs.C.Theolderthebabiesarethemoreobvioustheirpreferenceis.D.Parentsshouldteachtheirbabiestoshareeachother’stoys.58.WhatconclusiondidDr.BrendaTodddrawfromtheresultsofthestudy?A.Adultspurposelyinfluencetheirbabies’preferencE.B.Babies’preferenceisn’taffectedbysocialsurroundings.C.Babyboyspreferringtomovingtoyswillbegoodathunting.D.Babygirlspreferringwarmercolorswillbewarm-hearteD.
- Everybabybornadecadefromnowwillhaveitsgeneticcode基因编码mappedatbirththeheadoftheworlds’leadinggenomesequencing基因图谱companyhaspredicteD.AcompleteDNAread–outforeverynewbornwillbetechnicallypossibleandaffordableinlessthanfiveyearspromisingarevolutioninhealthcaresaysJayFlatleythechiefexecutiveofIlluminA.Onlysocialandlegalproblemsarelikelytodelaytheageofgenomesequencesorgeneticprofiles.By2019itwillhavebecomeroutinetomapinfants’geneswhentheyarebornDrFlatlytoldTheTimes.Thiswillopenanewapproachtomedicinebywhichconditionssuchashighbloodpressureandheartdiseasecanbepredictedandpreventedanddrugsusedmoresafelyandeffectively.Ababy’sgenomecanbediscoveredatbirthbyabloodtest.Byexaminingaperson’sgenomeitispossibletoidentifyraisedrisksofdevelopingdiseasessuchascancers.Thoseathighriskcanthenhescreenedmoreregularlyorgivendrugsordietaryadvicetolowertheirchancesofbecomingill.Personalgenomescouldalsoheusedtoensurethatpatientsgetthemedicinethatismostlikelytoworkforthemandleastlikelytohaveside–effects.Thedevelopmenthoweverwillraiselegalconcernsaboutprivacyandaccesstoindividuals’geneticrecords.BadthingscanbedonewiththegenomE.Itcouldpredictsomethingaboutsomeone–andyoucouldpossiblyhandtheinformationtotheiremployerortheirinsurancecompany.saidDrFlatley.Peoplehavetorecognizethatthishorseisoutofthebarnandthatyourgenomeprobablycan’tbeprotectedbecauseeverywhereyougoyouleaveyourgenomebehinD.CompletegeneticprivacyhoweverisunlikelytobepossibleheaddeD.AsthebenefitsbecomeclearerhoweverhebelievesthatmostpeoplewillwanttheirgenomesreadandinterpreteD.Theriskisnothingcomparedwiththegain.63.Inthefirsttwoparagraphstheauthormainlywantstotellusabout.A.thesignificantprogressinmedicineB.thepromiseofaleadingcompanyC.theinformationofbabies’genesD.theresearchofmedicalscientists64.Whichofthefollowingisaproblemcausedbythisapproach?A.ThedelayingindiscoveringDNA.B.Theriskofdevelopingdiseasesatbirth.C.Theside–effectsofmedicineonpatients.D.Thelettingoutofpersonalgeneticinformation.65.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentencethishorseisoutofthebarnmean?A.GeneticmappingtechniquehasbeenwidelyuseD.B.Geneticmappingtechniqueistoohorribletocontrol.C.PeopleareeagertoimprovegeneticmappingtechniquE.D.peoplecan’tstopgeneticmappingtechniqueadvancing.66.What’sDrFlatley’sattitudetowardsthetechnology?A.Tolerant.B.ConservativE.C.PositivE.D.Doubtful.
- Thecommoncoldistheworld’smostwidespreadillnesswhichisplagues疫病thatfleshreceives.Themostwidespreadfallacy谬误ofallisthatcoldsarecausedbycolD.Theyarenot.Theyarecausedbyvirusespassingonfrompersontoperson.YoucatchacoldbycomingintocontactdirectlyorindirectlywithsomeonewhoalreadyhasonE.IfcoldcausescoldsitwouldbereasonabletoexpecttheEskimostosufferfromthemforever.Buttheydonot.Andinisolatedarcticregionsexplorershavereportedbeingfreefromcoldsuntilcomingintocontactagainwithinfectedpeoplefromtheoutsideworldbywayofpackagesandmaildroppedfromairplanes.DuringtheFirstWorldWarsoldierswhospentlongperiodsinthetrenches战壕coldandwetshowednoincreasedtendencytocatchcolds.IntheSecondWorldWarprisonersatthenotoriousAuschwitzconcentrationcamp奥斯维辛集中营nakedandstarvingwereastonishedtofindthattheyseldomhadcolds.AttheCommonColdResearchUnitinEnglandvolunteerstookpartinExperimentsinwhichtheygavethemselvestothediscomfortsofbeingcoldandwetforlongstretchesoftimE.Aftertakinghotbathstheyputonbathingsuitsallowedthemselvestobewithcoldwaterandthenstoodaboutdrippingwetindraftyroom.Someworewetsocksalldaywhileothersexercisedintherainuntilclosetoexhaustion.NotoneofthevolunteerscamedownwithacoldunlessacoldviruswasactuallydroppedinhisnosE.IfthencoldandwethavenothingtodowithcatchingcoldswhyaretheymorefrequentinthewinterDespitethemostpains-takingresearchnoonehasyetfoundtheanswer.Oneexplanationofferedbyscientistsisthatpeopletendtostaytogetherindoorsmoreincoldweatherthanatothertimesandthismakesiteasierforcoldvirusestobepassedon.Noonehasyetfoundacureforthecold.Therearedrugsandpainsuppressors止痛片suchasaspirinbutalltheydoisrelievethesymptoms.1.Thewriteroffered_______examplestosupporthisargument.A.4B.5C.6D.32.Whichofthefollowingdoesnotagreewiththechosenpassage?A.TheEskimosdonotsufferfromcoldsallthetimE.B.ColdsarenotcausedbycolD.C.Peoplesufferfromcoldsjustbecausetheyliketostayindoors.D.A.personmaycatchacoldbytouchingsomeonewhoalreadyhasonE.3.Arcticexplorersmaycatchcoldswhen_______.A.theyareworkingintheisolatedarcticregionsB.theyarewritingreportsinterriblycoldweatherC.theyarefreefromworkintheisolatedarcticregionsD.theyarecomingintotouchagainwiththeoutsideworld4.VolunteerstakingpartintheexperimentsintheCommonColdResearchUnit_______.A.sufferedalotB.nevercaughtcoldsC.oftencaughtcoldsD.becameverystrong5.Thepassagemainlydiscusses_______.A.theexperimentsonthecommoncoldB.thefallacyaboutthecommoncoldC.thereasonandthewaypeoplecatchcoldsD.thecontinuedspreadofcommoncolds
- Evenifyouareagoodhigh-jumperyoucanjumponlyaboutsevenfeetoffthegrounD.YoucannotjumpanyhigherbecausetheearthpullsyouharD.Thepulloftheearthiscalledgravity.Youcaneasilyfindoutthepulloftheearth.Ifyouweighyourselfyouwillknowhowmuchgravityispullingyou.Sincethereisgravitywaterrunsdownhill.Whenyouthrowaballintotheairitfallsbackdown.Becauseofgravityyoudonotfallofftheearthasitwhirls旋转arounD.Thencanwegetawayfromtheearthandgofaroutintospace?NowyoucandoitbecausespaceshipshavebeeninventeD.Thenspaceshipwillgosofastthatitcanescape逃出theearth’sgravityandcarryyouintospacE.1.Inthispassagethewordgravitymeans_______.A.thepullofeverything.B.theforceofattraction吸引amongobjects.C.theforcewhichattractsobjectstowardsthecentreoftheearthD.theforcewhichattractstheearthtowardsthesun.2.Whenyouslip滑youalwaysfalltothegroundbecause________A.theearthalwaysturnsrounD.B.theearthhasgravityC.theearth’sgravityisgreaterthanyourweight.D.youarecareless.3.Gravityisstrongthat_______A.itcanthrowaballintotheair.B.itmakesyoujumponlysevenfeet.C.itcanletyouflyawayfromtheearth.D.itcankeepeverythingonearth.4.Becauseofgravity________A.waterflowseverything.B.wecangoeverywherebyship.C.wateralwaysflowsdownwards.D.fishcanliveinwater.5.Wecangetawayfromtheearthbyspaceshipbecause________A.thespaceshipgoesveryfast.B.theearthcan’tpullthespaceship.C.thespaceshiphasastrongforcE.D.thespaceshipcanjumphigherthanothers.
- Ifyou’reamaleandyou’rereadingthiscongratulations!You’reasurvivor.Accordingtostatisticsyou’remorethantwiceaslikelytodieofskincancerthanawomanandninetimesmorelikelytodieofAIDS.Assumingyoumakeittotheendofyournaturaltermabout78yearsformeninAustraliayou’lldieonaveragefiveyearsbeforeawoman.There'remanyreasonsforthis--typicallymentakemorerisksthanwomenandaremorelikelytodrinkandsmokebutperhapsmoreimportantlymendon’tgotothedoctor.Menaren'tseeingdoctorsasoftenastheyshouldsaysDr.GullottA.Thisisparticularlysofortheover-40swhendiseasestendtostrikE.Accordingtoarecentsurvey95%ofwomenagedbetween15andearly49sseeadoctoronceayearcomparedto70%ofmeninthesameagegroup.Alotofmenthinkthey’reunbeatableGullottasays.TheyonlycomeinwhenafrienddropsdeadonthegolfcourseandtheythinkGeezifitcouldhappentohimThenthere’stheostrich鸵鸟approach.SomemenarescaredofwhatmightbethereandwouldrathernotknowsaysDr.RossCartmill.MostmengettheircarsservicedmoreregularlythantheyservicetheirbodiesCartmillsays.Hebelievesmostdiseasesthatcommonlyaffectmencouldbeaddressedbypreventivecheck-ups.Preventionischeaperinthelongrunthanhavingtotreatthediseases.Besidesthefinalcostisfargreaterit’scalledprematuredeath.64.Whydoestheauthorcongratulatemalereadersatthebeginningofthepassage?A.Theycanlivelongerthantheyexpected.B.TheyaresuretoenjoyalongerandhappierlifE.C.TheyhavelivedlongenoughtoreadthisarticlE.D.Theyaremorelikelytosurviveseriousdiseasesnow.65.Whichoftheauthor’sstatementsisthemostimportantreasonthatmendiefiveyearsearlieronaveragethanwomenaccordingtothepassage?A.Mendrinkandsmokemuchmorethanwomen.B.Mendon’tseekmedicalcareasoftenaswomen.C.Menaremorelikelytosufferfromdeadlydiseases.D.Menaren’tascautiousaswomeninfaceofdanger.66.WhichofthefollowingbestcompletestheunderlinedsentenceGeezifitcouldhappentohiminPara4?A.itcouldhappentometoo.B.itwouldbeabigmisfortunE.C.Ishouldavoidplayinggolf.D.Ishouldconsidermyselflucky.67.WhatdoesDr.RossCartmillmeanbytheostrichapproachinPara5?A.Acasualattitudetowardsone’shealthconditions.B.Anewtreatmentforcertainpsychologicalproblems.C.RefusaltogetmedicaltreatmentforfearofthepaininvolveD.D.Unwillingnesstofindoutaboutone’sdiseasebecauseoffear.
- TalkingplantsmightsoundlikecharactersinafairytalE.Butrecentscientificstudieshaveshownthatplantscommunicatewitheachotherandwithotherlivingthingsinasurprisingnumberofways.TounderstandthemscientistssaywejusthavetolearntheirlanguagE.Farmersareespeciallyinterestedinwhatplantshavetosay.Plantsareabletocommunicatewithallsortsoforganisms有机体.Theycancommunicatewithgiantbacteriawithotherplantsandwithinsects.TheydothischemicallysaidCahillanEcologyProfessoroftheUniversityofAlbertainCanadA.Plantscientistsarejustbeginningtounderstandthischemicallanguage.Cahillsaysstudieshaveshownforexamplethatplantscanevaluateconditionsintheirimmediateenvironmentandtakeappropriateactions.Plantshaveanabilityforexampletosignalpainordiscomfortcausedbyanythingfromtemperatureextremestoaninsectattack.JackSchultzaprofessorofchemicalecologyattheUniversityofMissourisayswhenaplantsensesthatit’sbeingeatenitcannotwalkawayfromtrouble;onthecontraryitwillreleaseachemicalvaporthatalertsotherplantsnearby.TheirlanguageisachemicallanguageanditinvolveschemicalsthatmovethroughtheairthatareeasytobechangeableandmostofallaresmellsthatwearefamiliarwithSchultzexplaineD.AllplantsrespondedtotheattackbychangingtheirchemistrytodefendthemselvesSchultzrecalleD.Butwewerequitesurprisedtofindthatnearbyplantsalsochangedtheirchemistrytodefendthemselveseventhoughtheywerenotpartoftheexperiment.Studieshavealsoshownthatplantsunderattackreleasepleasantchemicals.Thosechemicalsattractfriendlyinsectsthatattackthepestseatingtheplant.Intheendplants’abilitytocommunicatetheirneeds---andourabilitytounderstandthem---couldhelpfarmersreducetheuseofpoisonouschemicalscutoperatingcostsandlimitdamagetotheenvironment.55.Therecentscientificstudieshaveshownthatplantscan_________.A.communicatewithotherlivingthingsinachemicalwayB.hardlyreacttoanysuddenchangeintemperatureC.useaveryspecialchemicallanguagewhichisfamiliartousD.respondtotheattackbygivingoffpoisonouschemicals56.Whenbeingeatenbyaninsecttheplantwill_________.A.walkawayfromtroubleB.changeitschemistrytokilltheinsectC.releaseachemicalvaportoaskotherplantsforhelpD.giveoffnicechemicalstoattractfriendlyinsectskillingthepest57.Theunderlinedwordalertmostprobablymeans_________.A.warnB.protectC.threatenD.allow58.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.CommunicationbetweenPlantsB.A.ChemicalLanguageC.PlantsCanTalkD.HowPlantsProtectThemselves
- Occasionalsleepwalkingdoesnottendtopresentaproblemandmostchildrengrowoutofit.IfithappenseverynightandcausesproblemsthensleepdisorderspecialistssuggestthatparentsspendaweeknotingthetimewhensleepwalkingtendstohappenandthengentlywakethechildaboutfifteenminutesbeforethistimE.ThiswilloftenbreakthecyclE.Sowhatshouldyoudoifyoufindyourrelativesleepwalking?Forastarttheyareinsuchadeepsleepthattheywillprobablynotnoticeyouevenifyoutrytowakethem.IfyoudosucceedinwalkingthemtheywillbecomedistresseD.EveryonehasexperiencedthatfeelingofconfusionwhenthealarmawakensyoufromdeepsleepinsteadofthelightersleepweareusuallyexperiencingbythetimeouralarmssounD.Ioncehadtheshockofbeingwokenbyacrashandfoundmyselfinthekitchenstandingbarefootandsurroundedbybrokenglass.I’dtriedtogetaglassofwaterwhilesleepwalkingbutlikemostsleepwalkersIfailedtoturnonthelightandhadsmashedtheglassagainstthetap.Walkingasleepwalkerwillnotcausethemtohaveaheartattackbutthekindestthingtodoisnottrytowakethematall.Leadthemgentlybacktobedsothattheydonothurtthemselves.Theywillremaindeeplyasleepanditislikelythatwillnotrememberathinginthemorning.56.Whatdothespecialistsadvisetheparentstodotoavoidtheirchildren’ssleepwalking?A.Gotobedwiththeirchildrenatthesametime.B.Keeparecordofthetimewhenchildrenwakeup.C.Take15minutestowakechildrenfromsleepwalking.D.Trysometimetobreakthecycleofthesleepwalking.57.Whenasleepwalkerissuddenlywokenheismostlikelyto.A.diefromheartattackB.dosomecookingC.feellostD.becomerelaxed58.Whatshouldwedotodealwithasleepwalkingrelative?A.Donothingbuttakehimbacktobed.B.Tryeverymeanstowakehimatonce.C.Leaveyourrelativewherehestays.D.Sendhimtoaspecialistimmediately.59.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.SleepDisorderB.SleepwalkingC.SleepAdviceD.Sleepwalkers
- SpaceisadangerousplacE.notonlybecauseofmeteors流星butalsobecauseofraysfromthesunandotherstars.TheAtmosphereagainactsasourprotectiveblanketonearth.Lightgetsthroughandthisisessentialforplantstomakethefoodwhichweeat.HeattoomakesourenvironmentendurablE.Variouskindsofrayscomethroughtheairfromouterspacebutenormousquantitiesofradiationfromthesunarescreenedoff.AssoonasmenleavetheatmospheretheyareexposedtothisradiationbuttheirspacesuitsorthewallsoftheirspacecraftiftheyareinsidedopreventalotofradiationdamagE.RadiationisthegreatestknowndangertoexplorersinspacE.Theunitofradiationiscalledrem.Scientistshavereasontothinkthatamancanputupwithfarmoreradiationthan0.1remwithoutbeingdamaged;thefigureof60remshasbeenagreedon.Thetroubleisthatitisextremelydifficulttobesureaboutradiationdamage-apersonmayfeelperfectlywellbutthecellsofhisorhersexorgansmaybedamagedandthiswillnotbediscovereduntilthebirthofdeformed畸形的childrenorevengrandchildren.MissionsoftheApolloflightshavehadtocrossbeltsofhighradiationandduringtheoutwardandreturnjourneystheApollocrewaccumulatedalargeamountofrems.SofarnodangerousamountsofradiationhavebeenreportedbuttheApollomissionshavebeenquiteshort.Wesimplydonotknowyethowmenaregoingtogetonwhentheyspendweeksandmonthsoutsidetheprotectionoftheatmosphereworkinginaspacelaboratory.Drugsmighthelptodecreasethedamagedonebyradiationbutnoreallyeffectiveoneshavebeenfoundsofar.1.Accordingtothefirstparagraphtheatmosphereisessentialtomaninthat______.A.itprotectshimagainsttheharmfulraysfromspaceB.itprovidessufficientlightforplantgrowthC.itsuppliestheheatnecessaryforhumansurvivalD.itscreensoffthefallingmeteors2.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________.A.theApollomissionwasverysuccessfulB.protectionfromspaceradiationisnoeasyjobC.astronautswillhavedeformedchildrenorgrandchildrenD.radiationisnotathreattowell-protectedspaceexplorers3.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe________.A.TheAtmosphereandOurEnvironmentB.ResearchonRadiation.C.EffectsofSpaceRadiationD.ImportanceofProtectionAgainstRadiation
- ThesouthandeastoftheGreatLakesisfamousforthehugeamountsofsnowitreceives.Whenthesnowstartstofalleveryyearpeoplestartdiscussingthephraselake-effectsnow.Lake-effectsnowwhichisinfluencedbythemovementofcoldairovertherelativelywarmwateroftheGreatLakesoftencomesinlateautumnandearlywinter.Becauseoftheatleast20degrees’differencebetweenthelakewaterandtheoverrunningairit’seasytoformhugeamountsofsnow.AsthecoolaircrossesthewaterofGreatLakesthelowestlevelsoftheatmospherebegintowarmandpickupmoisturE.Thisnewlywarmedatmosphereislighterthanthecoldairaboveitsoitstartsrising.Asthechangedaircontinuestoclimbhigherandhigheritfinallymeetsmuchcolderatmospherewhichchangesthemoistureintowaterdropsandiceformingclouds.Afterthiscourserepeatsanumberoftimesthecloudsbecomeheavierandheavierandthentheyarechangedintosnowandfalldown.ThemostimportantpointthatdecidestheamountofsnowfallisthedirectionofthewinD.Ifthewindrunsperpendicularly垂直地acrossthelaketherewon’tbeplentyoftimeforcloudstodevelop.Howeverifthewindrunsintheoppositedirectioncloudswillformeasily.Thelongerthecoldairtravelsoverthelakethemoremoistureitisabletoproducewhichleadstoagreateramountofsnow.Thelargestamountofthelake-effectsnowwasfoundacrosstheU.P.ofMichiganthenorthwesternPennsylvaniaandthefarsouthwesternandnorthwesternNewYorkwhichareallalongthesouthoreastoftheGreatLakes.Ithasbeenover100inchesofsnowfallinawinterseason.65.Thelevelofthesnowfalldependson________.A.thesizeofthelakeB.thedirectionofthewindC.thetemperatureofthelakeD.thestrengthofthewind66.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat________.A.cloudsareeasytoproducewiththehelpoftheperpendicularwindB.coldairalwaysfallsdownandpicksupmoisturetoformcloudsC.thetemperatureofthelakewateristhesameastheoverrunningair’saboveitD.thelongerjourneyofthecoldatmospherecanmakeagrateramountofsnow67.Thepassageismainlyabout________.A.theinfluencesofthelake-effectsnowforlocalpeopleB.theweightbetweenmoistureandatmosphereC.howthephraselake-effectsnowcomesinNewYorkD.howthelake-effectsnowformsaroundtheGreatLakes
- Wavesarebeautifultolookatbuttheycandestroyshipsatseaaswellashousesandbuildingsneartheshore.Whatcauseswaves?Mostwavesarecausedbywindsblowingoverthesurfaceofthewater.Thesunheatstheearthcausingtheairtoriseandthewindstoblow.Thewindsblowacrosstheseapushinglittlewavesintobiggerandbiggerones.Thesizeofawavedependsonhowstrongthewindishowlongitblowsandhowlargethebodyofwateris.Inasmallbaybigwaveswillneverbuildupbutatseathewindcanbuildupgiantpowerfulwaves.A.rulesaysthattheheightofawaveinmeterswillusuallybenomorethanone-tenthofthewind’sspeedinkilometers.Inotherwordswhenthewindisblowingat120kilometersperhourmostwaveswillbeabouttwelvemetersofcourseandsomewavesmaycombinetoformgiantwavesthataremuchhigher.In1933theUnitedStatesNavyreportedthelargestmeasuredwaveinhistory.ItroseinthePacificOceantoaheightofthirty-fourmeters.1.Thewavescanbuildup.A.atseaB.inasmallbayC.inalakeD.onariver2.Whenthewindisblowingat80kilometersperhourtheheightofmostwaveswillbe_______A.aboutonemeterB.abouteightmetersC.abouteightymetersD.abouttenmeters3.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.BeautifulWavesB.WavesinthePacificOceanC.WhatCausesWavesD.TheLargestWavesinHistory
- Youneverplayedthevideodancegame?Nowsuchgamesareusedtohelploseweight!LikemanyotherteenageboysJoneslovessports.Butat5feet175poundshefoundhisweightintroublE.Hisdoctorwantedhimtolose50poundssothathemaybeagoodfootballgameplayerbytheendofthesummer.JoneschosethepopularDanceRevolutionvideogameathometoincreasehisactivity.Hehadlostabout10poundsbychanginghisdiet.Nowaftertwoweeks’playingthegamehehaslostanother10!A.healthstudyisbeingdonebyaninsurancecompany.Thecompanyhopesthatthegamewillleadtobetterhealthandlowercosts.Obesityclaims肥胖索赔lastyearcostus$77million.Wehavetocutthosecostssaidamemberoftheinsurancegroup.Thecompanyprovidesagameconsole游戏主机adancematandsoftwareforthesix-month$60000study.Thestudyismorethanacommercialthingofaninsurancecompany.Itiswidelysupportedbyphysicaleducationandhealthprofessionals.InWestVirginia43%ofthenearly6000childrenexaminedforheartdiseaseriskwereconsideredover-weighted;morethan25%weretoofat.WeareinacrisisofchildhoodobesitynotonlyinWestVirginiabutinAmericasaidaresearcher.ResearchersarenowlookingatthepotentialforimprovingeffectsbyusingthegamE.A.teacherinWestVirginiahasbeenusingthevideogamesinherclassessincelastfall.Shereportedthatthegamedoesimprovehearthealthaswellaseye-handcoordination协调能力andherstudentstakethevideogameasagreatalternativetojumpingropeorballgames.TheUSEducationDepartmentisputtingthegamein20schoolstocontrolchildhoodobesity.Wellareyougoingtotrysuchtodanceawayyourextraweight?56.Theunderlinedpartistryingtotellus_____.A.thestudyinvolvesmanyinsurancecompaniesB.thestudyisonlyaninsurancecompany’sbusinessC.thestudyislessimportantthantheinsurancecompany’smoneyD.it’snotonlytheinsurancecompanythatisconcernedaboutthestudy57.Itcanbeinferredthat_____.A.thegovernmentthinkshighlyofthedancegameB.inWestVirginiamorethan25%oftheadultsweretoofatC.ateacherisafailureinusingthevideogameinherclassesD.theUSEducationDepartmentisn’tinterestedinthegame58.Themostsuitabletitleofthepassageis_____.A.DanceAwayYourWeightB.PlaytheVideoDanceGameC.SolvetheProblemofObesityD.CuttheCostofObesityClaims
- Dolphinsareinterestinganimalsandresearchersfindtheminterestingtowatch.Theydon’thavehandsbutcanusetoolstosolveproblemsjustlikeus.Scientistshaveobservedadolphintryingtogetashyeel鳝鱼tocomeoutofitsholebypoking捅itwithadeadfish.Manyspeciesofdolphinliveinlargesocieties.Theyhavemanydifferentrelationshipsandneedagoodcommunicationsystem;theyuseavarietyofsoundstocommunicatewitheachother.Thereiscurrentlynoevidencethatdolphinshavealanguageoftheirown.ButscientistsstillhavealottofindoutabouttheseanimalsandsotherearecertaintobeafewsurprisesinthefuturE.AtKewaloBasinMarineLaboratoryinHawaiithedolphinteamhavedevelopedasignlanguetocommunicatewiththedolphinsandtheresultsareamazing.NotonlydothedolphinsunderstandthemeaningofindividualwordstheyalsounderstandthesignificanceofwordorderinasentencE.Forexamplewhentheywereaskedto‘touchtheballwithyourtailandthenjumpoverit’theygenerallyrespondedcorrectlyandstraightawaywhichshowedthattheyunderstoodthelanguE.Mostmammalsseemtoenjoyplay—butdolphinsseemstolikemakingtheirgamesaschallengingaspossiblE.Onabeautifuldayin1997researchersworkingatabeachoffthesoutherncoastofBrazilobservedalittledoggoingintotheseaandswimmingtowardsthedolphins.Totheirsurprisethedolphinsapproachedthedogandthenstartedthrowingitintotheair.Thedogseemedtoenjoythe‘game’andcontinuedplayingwiththedolphinsformorethananhour.Fromthenondifferentdogswereseemtryingtointeractwiththedolphins.Dolphinsliveinaverydifferentworldtoourselvesbuttheyareverygoodatour‘intelligencetests’.ForexampletheywilljumpoutofthewaterwhentheyhearawhistlenoisE.TheydothisbecausetheywillgetafishasarewarD.Thereisstillmuchtolearnabouttheseflexible灵活的problem-solversbutfromtheevidencesofaritwouldseemasthoughdolphinsareveryintelligent.51.Togetashyeeltocomeoutofitsholeadolphinwouldpokeitwith____.A.atoolB.itstailC.adeadfishD.itsmouth52.AtalaboratoryinHawaiithedolphinteamhavedevelopeda____tocommunicatewiththedolphins.A.varietyofsoundsB.signlanguageC.specialwordorderD.dolphin’slanguage53.Dolphinsnotonlyunderstandthemeaningofindividualwordstheyalsounderstandtheimportanceof______inasentencE.A.thesubjectB.theverbsC.themainstructureD.wordorder54.Whentheyplaydolphinsseemstolikemakingtheirgamesas______aspossiblE.A.difficultB.easyC.interestingD.relaxing55.Dolphinswilljumpoutofthewaterwhentheyhearawhistlenoiseinorderto_______.A.watchpeopleB.breathefreshairC.enjoythemselvesD.getsomefood
- IftheenvironmentalmovementhasahighholidayEarthDayisit.Theannualefforttoraisepublicawarenessabouttheenvironmentandinspireactionstocleanitupmarksits41stanniversaryonFridaycoincidingwiththeChristianGoodFridayandJudaism’scelebrationofPassover.InaneffortdubbedABillionActsofGreenorganizersareencouragingpeopletoobserveEarthDay2011bypromisingonlineathttp://act.earthday.org/todosomethingsmallbutsustainableintheirownlivestoimprovetheplanet’shealth—fromswitchingtocompactfluorescentlightbulbstoreducingtheuseofpesticidesandothertoxicchemicals.MillionsofpeopledoingsmallindividualactscanadduptorealchangesaidChadChitwoodaspokesmanfortheumbrellagroupcoordinatingefforts.TherewillbehundredsofgatheringsworkshopsandothereventsaroundtheUnitedStateswhereEarthDaywasbornandhundredsmoreoverseaswhereitisnowcelebratedin192countries.IntheUStheactivitiesrangefromthepremiereofthenewfilmfromthedirectorofWhoKilledtheElectricCar?it’scalledaRevengeoftheElectricCarattheTribecaFilmFestivalinNewYorktoadiscussionaboutcreatingagreeneconomyin12citiesalongtheGulfCoastwherethistimelastyearresidentswerereelingfromtheeffortsoftheBPoilspillintheGulfofMexico.IntheyearssincethefirstEarthDaywascelebratedin1970theenvironmentalistmovementmadegreatstrideswithpassageoftheCleanAirActCleanWaterActtheEndangeredSpeciesActandothergroundbreakinglaws.Butthebipartisanship两党合作thatmarkedthebirthofEarthDay–itwassponsoredinCongressbyaWisconsinDemocratnamedGaylordNelsonandaCaliforniaRepublicannamedPeteMcCloskey—isoftenmissingindiscussionsaboutenvironmentalpolicytoday.EffortstofightclimatechangebyregulatinggreenhousegasesforinstancefacefierceresistancefrommanyRepublicansandmembersofthebusinesscommunitywhodisputethesciencesupportingglobalwarmingandwarnnewrulestoregulateemissionswillkilljobsandraiseenergycosts.67.Whatcouldbethepossiblemeaningoftheunderlinedwordhighinthefirstparagraph?A.yearly.B.exclusivE.C.important.D.wonderful.68.ThisyearthefollowingthreeoutoffourholidaysfallonthesamedayEXCEPT___.A.EarthDay.B.Easter.C.GoodFriday.D.Passover.69.WhateffortisNOTmentionedtoprotecttheenvironment?A.Smallthingstoimprovetheplanet’shealth.B.RalliesworkshopsandothereventsaroundtheUS.C.A.discussionaboutcreatingagreeneconomyin12cities.D.Newrulestoraiseenergycostandjobopportunities.70.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.WecanmakeMotherEarthabetterplaceforustolivE.B.Topasslawstoprotecttheearthistheonlywayout.C.Thepublic’sawarenesscanberaisedtomakeacleanerearth.D.Manyrepublicansandbusinessmendoubtthesciencesupportingglobalwarming.
- Haveyoueverbeenafraidtotalkbackwhenyouweretreatedunfairly?Haveyoueverboughtsomethingjustbecausethesalesmantalkedyouintoit?Manypeopleareafraidtosupportthemselves.DrRobertAlbertauthorofStandUpSpeakOutandTalkBackthinksit'sbecausetheirself-respectislow.There'salwaysasuperioraround---parentateacheraboss---whoknowsbetter.ButAlbertandotherscientistsaredoingsomethingtohelppeoplehelpthemselves.TheyofferassertivenesstrainingcoursesA.T.forshort.IntheA.T.Coursepeoplelearnthattheyhavearighttobethemselves.Theylearntospeakoutandfeelgoodaboutdoingso.TheylearntobeaggressivewithouthurtingotherpeoplE.Inonewaylearningtospeakoutistogetridoffear.A.grouptakinganA.T.Coursewillhelpthetimidpersontolosehisfear.ButA.T.usesanevenstrongermotive---heneedtosharE.Thetimidpersonspeaksoutinthegroupbecausehewantstotellhowhefeels.Whetherornotyouspeakupforyourselfdependsonyourself-respect.Ifsomeoneyoufaceismoreimportantthanyouyoumayfeellessofaperson.Youstarttodoubtyouranswerstoproblems.Youcangettofeelgoodaboutyourself.Andonceyoudoyoucanlearntospeakout.51.Theproblemthewritertalksaboutisthat______.A.somepeoplebuythingstheydon'twantB.somepeopleareafraidtospeakoutfortheirrightsC.therearetoomanysuperiorsD.somepeopledon'tthinkenoughofthemselves52.Thecauseoftheproblemtalkedaboutinthispassageisthat______.A.somepeoplehavealowself-respectB.thereisalwayssomeonearoundwhoknowsbetterC.salesmentalkpeopleintobuyingthingstheydon'twantD.peopledon`tshareenough53.TheA.T.Courseoften______.A.makepeopledistrusttheirownanswersB.makethingsmorefavorableforsuperiorsC.helppeopleknowasmuchastheirsuperiorsD.helppeoplebecomemoreimportant54.OnethingtheA.T.Coursedon'tdoisto______.A.sharetheneedofpeopleB.showtheyhavearighttobethemselvesC.helppeopleovercomefearD.helppeopletohelpthemselvesevenifotherssuffer55.A.goodtitleforthispassagecouldbe______.A.TheNeedtoShareB.TalkBackWhenNecessaryC.OneWaytoBuildSelf-RespectD.OneWaytoTrainSpeakingAbility
- AgriculturalexpertsmetinEthiopialastweektodiscusswaystohelpsub-SaharanAfricabecomeamajorproducerofwheat.TheareatraditionallyproducedlittlewheatwhileNorthAfricawasthegrainbasket.Wheatproductionfellsharplyinsub-Saharancountriesduringthe1980s.Inthe1960sattemptsweremadetogrowwheatinsub-SaharanAfrica.includingSouthAfricaandZimbabwe.ButthosecountriesfounditwaslesscostlytoimportwheatfromEuropeandtheUnitedStates.AnotherproblemisthatAfrica'swheatfarmswereoftenfarfrompopulationcenters.Therealsoweretransportationissues.Andsomelowlandswerenotagoodplacetogrowwheat.HansJoachimBraun.oneoftheexpertssaysnowisagoodtimetoincreasewheatproduction.Inthelastfouryearswehaveseenthreemajorpricehikeswherethewheatpriceandotherstapleprocess主食加工exploded.AndthatputsabigbigbilloncountrieswhicharedependingonwheatimportsandAfricaisthebiggestwheatimporter.Healsosaysdemandforwheatinsub-SaharanAfricaisgrowingfasterthanforanyothercrop.Withhigherincomepeoplewouldliketohavemorediversifiedfood.Butthatispossiblenotthemostimportantone.Themostimportantoneisthatthereisatremendousmigrationofinparticularmalelabortothecities.Andwheatproductsareconvenientfoodbecauseyoucaneasilybuyit.It'seasytoprocessandyoualsocanstoreitforafewdayswhichisdifferentfromsomeofthemaizeandriceproducts.TherearethreepossiblechallengesforgrowingmorewheatinAfricaclimatechangediseaseandpestslikeinsects.Mr.Braunsaysrisingtemperaturesshouldnothaveamajoreffectonwheat.Infacthesaysitcouldhelpwheatgrowinareaswithhighrainfalltotals.Asforfightingdiseaseandpestsexpertssuggestgrowingmoreresistantcrops.Inadditionrailroadsandroadswouldhavetobeimprovedsolargeamountsofwheatcouldbemovedtolargemarkets.71.Thesharpfallofwheatproductionduringthe1980siscausedbythefollowingexceptthat.A.toimportwheatfromEuropeandtheUnitedStatesiseconomicB.Africa'swheatfarmswereoftenfarfrompopulationcentersC.somelowlandswerenotsuitabletogrowwheatD.farmerstheredidn'tattempttogrowwheat72.WhatdoesthewordhikesinParagraph3probablyreferto?A.bigchangesB.largeincreasesC.longtripsD.bigbills73.Wheatpriceexplodingindicates.A.sub-SaharancountriesneedtoincreasewheatproductionbadlyB.sub-SaharancountrieshavetoissuemoremoneyC.sub-SaharancountriesshouldgrowmoreCornD.importingmuchwheatisurgent74.Higherdemandforwheatinsub-SaharanAfricamainlyresultsfrom.A.thelargenumberofhungrypeoplethereB.thediversifiedneedofhigherincomepeopleC.malelaborcrowdingintothecitiesD.thehigherwheatprice75.AccordingtoMr.BraunthemainchallengesforgrowingmorewheatinAfricaare.A.climatechangeanddiseaseB.risistantcropsandclimatechangeC.risingtemperaturesanddiseaseandpestsD.diseaseandpestsandinconvenienttransportation
- Timeandhowweexperienceithavealwayspuzzledus.Physicistshavecreatedfascinatingtheoriesbuttheirtimeismeasuredbyapendulum钟摆andisnotpsychologicaltimewhichleapswithlittleregardtotheclockorcalendar.AssomeonewhounderstoodthedifferenceremarkedWhenyousitwithanicegirlfortwohoursitseemslikeaminutebutwhenyousitonahotstoveaminuteseemsliketwohours.PsychologistshavelongnoticedthatlargerunitsoftimesuchasmonthsandyearsflyonswifterwingsasweagE.Theyalsonotethatthemoretimeisstructuredwithschedulesandappointmentsthemorerapidlyitseemstopass.Forexampleadayattheofficefliescomparedwithadayatthebeach.Sincemostofusspendfewerdaysatthebeachandmoreattheofficeasweageanincreaseinstructuredtunecouldwellbetoblameforwhytimeseemstospeedupaswegrowolder.Expectationandfamiliarityalsomaketimeseemtoflowmorerapidly.Almostallofushavehadtheexperienceofdrivingsomewherewe’veneverbeenbeforE.Surroundedbyunfamiliarscenerywithnorealideaofwhenwe’llarriveweexperiencethetripaslastingalongtimE.ButthereturntripalthoughexactlyaslongseemstotakefarlesstimE.TheunfamiliarityofthejourneyhasbecomeroutinE.Thustakingadifferentrouteonoccasioncanoftenhelpslowtheclock.Whendaysbecomeasidenticalasbeads小珠子onastringtheymixtogetherandevenmonthsbecomeasingleday.Tofightthistrytofindwaystointerruptthestructureofyourday—tostoptimE.LearningsomethingnewisoneofthewaystoslowthepassageoftimE.Oneofthereasonsthedaysofouryouthseemssofullandlongisthatthesearethedaysoflearninganddiscovery.Formanyofuslearningendswhenweleaveschoolbutthisdoesn’thavetobE.68.Thequotationinthefirstparagraphisusedtoindicate______.A.psychologicaltimeisquitepuzzlingB.timeshouldnotbemeasuredbyapendulumC.physicaltimeisdifferentfrompsychologicaltimeD.physicaltheoryhasnothingtodowiththetruesenseoftime69.Whydounitsoftimeflyfasteraswegrowolder?A.Oursenseoftimechanges.B.Wespendlesstimeatthebeach.C.MoretimeisstructuredandscheduleD.D.Timeisstructuredwithtoomanyappointments.70.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.ItgivesvariousexplanationsabouttimE.B.Itdescribeshowweexperiencetimepsychologically.C.ItshowsthedifferentideasofphysicistsandpsychologistsontimE.D.Itexplainswhytimefliesfastandhowtoslowitdownpsychologically.
- HUMPBACKWHALEFACTSEveryhumpbackcanbeidentifiedfromtheuniquemarkingontheundersideofitstail.Theycandiveforupto45minutesandcanreachdepthsof600feet.Humpbackscanweightwotonsatbirth.A.full-grownwhalecanbe45feetlongandweighupto40tons.Nearly40percentofahumpback’sbodyweightismusclE.Theycanseeupto400feetunderwater.Theycanblowoutairfromtheirblowholesataspeedof300mph.Theirlungscanhold2500gallonsofair.WhenLadyGagereleasesacatchynewsingleitquicklygoesaroundtheworlD.Nowscientistshavediscoveredthesamethinghappenswiththesongsofanotherexotic外来的creaturethehumpbackwhalE.Themammalsbecomeinterestedinnewtunesjustlikepeopledoandthemostpopularoriginalwhalesongsspreadgloballylikehitsingles.ThediscoveryhasastonishedmarineexpertswhosayitisthefirsttimesuchalargE.population-wideculturalexchangehasbeenseenintheanimalkingdom.Malehumpbackwhalesarefamedfortheloudlongandcomplexsongstheymakeduringthematingseason.Scientistsareunsurewhythemalessing.Somebelieveitisawayofadvertisingthemselvestofemalesothersthatitallowsmigratingwhalestostayincontact.Eachsonglastsfor10to20minutesandthemalescansingcontinuouslyfor24hours.Atanyperiodoftimeallthemalesinapopulationsingthesamesong.ButastudypublishedinthejournalCurrentBiologyshowsthatthissongchangesovertimeandspreadsaroundtheoceans.DrEllenGarlandofQueenslandUniversitysaid:OurfindingsrevealculturalchangeonavastscalE.Songsmovelikeculturalripplesfromonepopulationtoanothercausingallmalestochangetheirsongtoanewversion.ResearchersrecordedsongsfromsixneighboringpopulationsofwhalesinthePacificoveradecadE.Theyfoundthatnewversionsofthesongsappearovertimeandalwaysspreadfromwesttoeast.DrGarlandbelievesthatasmallnumberofwhalesmaymigratetootherpopulationscarryingthenewsongswiththemorthattheyareheardbypassingwhales.DrGarlandsaidWethinkthismalesearchforsongnovelty新奇isinthehopeofbeingthatlittlebitdifferentandperhapsmoreattractivetotheoppositesex.66.Whatcanwelearnfromthefactsofhumpbackwhales?A.Theycantravelataspeedof300milesperhour.B.Theyalwaysstayatadepthof600feetintheseA.C.Allofthemdifferfromeachother.D.Approximately40tonsofagrownhumpbackwhaleismusclE.67.TheauthormentionsLadyGagato.A.ProvethepopularityofherhitsinglesB.showthewhale’ssongsalsospreadquicklyC.emphasizehumpbacksareasfamousasherD.providereaderswithanewwaytolearnhersongs68.Thewordpopulationinthispassageprobablyrefersto.A.thespreadingofthehumpbackwhales’newversionsofthetunesB.thenumberofmalehumpbackwhalessingingintheseaC.theplacewherecertainamountsofhumpbackwhalesliveD.themigrationofhumpbackwhalesfromoneplacetoanother69.Thediscoveryisveryastonishingtoexpertsbecauseitreveals.A.theexistenceofculturalchangeB.thereasonwhymalehumpbackssingC.thenoveltyofthesongsofhumpbacksD.culturalexchangeonavastscale70.AccordingtothepassageDrGarlandwantstotellus.A.allfemalehumpbacksalsochangetheirsongduringthematingseasonB.whaleshavetheirowntunesthatspreadaroundtheworldforadecadeC.whale’ssongsalwaysspredfromeasttowestinthePacificDeeanD.malehumpbacksadoptnewsongstomakethemselvesuniqueandattractive
- TheHumanGenome基因组Projectagreat$3billion15-yeartaskaimedatdrawingthegeneticmapofhumansisnowmorethan90percentcompleteD.Thescientificandmedicalcommunitiesareveryexcitedaboutthechancesgeneticresearchprovidesforgettingridofdiseasesandprolonging延长humanlifE.ButthosecommunitiesandpolicymakersarealsocarefulaboutthescientificdoortheyareopeningastheprojectuncoversthemysteriesoflifE.Forthelastfewyearsthegeneticadvancesinthefastdevelopingfieldofbiotechnologyhaveprovidedmaterialforallkindsofworkbutthedevelopmentsofmodernscienceinunlockingthesecretsofhumangeneticcodehaveopenedaworldofpossibilitiesforhumanhealthaswellasforthepopulationimagination.WhileEuropeanandJapaneseresearchersaremakingrapidprogressindecodinghumanDNAtheleadingorganizationforgeneticresearchintheUntiedStateswhichbeganin1990isunlockingthecodeofthehumanbodytolearnhowtodefeatfataldiseases.AlreadytheHumanGenomeProjecthasbecomewidelyknownandpraisedforfindingthegenesconnectedwithasyetterriblediseasesandmakingprogresstowardseparatingthegenesthatshowasignofbreastcancer乳腺癌orAIDS.Oncethesegenesarefoundandstudiedresearcherscandevelopnewwaystoattackinfectionsandgeneticdiseases.Medicalcompaniesareveryinterestedinmappingthehumangenomeastheyexpecttodevelopalotofnewdrugsfortheseillnesses.67.Whydidthescientistsworksohardatmappingthehumangenome?A.Becausethehumangenomecandestroymanyillnesses.B.Becausethehumangenome’scompletioncanhelptogetridofmanydiseases.C.Becausetheywantedtobebetterknownthanothers.D.BecausetheHumanGenomeProjectcanprovidedalotofchancesofwork.68.Accordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingcountriesisthemostadvancedingeneticresearch?A.JapanB.GermanyC.TheUnitedStatesD.China69.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Ifthegenescanbefoundscientistscanstudymanynewwaystocureillnesses.B.TheUnitedStatesbegangeneticresearchearlyinthe19thcentury.C.Manymedicalcompaniesshowgreatinterestindrawingthehumangenomemap.D.Thescientistshavemadegreatprogressinconnectingsomegeneswiththecancers.70.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinthispassage?A.ThegreathumangenomE.B.Thediscoveryofgenes.C.UnlockingthegeneticcodE.D.Genesandscientists.
- YourfriendsmightbeinAustraliaormaybejustdowntheroadbuttheyarealljustafewclicksaway.LifehaschangedformillionsofyoungpeopleacrosstheworldwhonowmakefriendsonlinE.Whetheryouusechat-roomsQQMSNorICQyouareamemberofthisgroup.Idon’toftentalkwithmyparentsorgrandparentsbutItalkalotwithmyoldfriendsonQQsaidFox’sShadowtheonlinenameusedbyagirlstudentinChinA.MostofmyclassmatesuseQQafterschool.QQisthebiggestmessagingserviceinChinA.A.recordfromTencentthecompanywhichdevelopedQQshowsthat4millionpeopleuseditoneSaturdaynightinOctober.AndprobablyFox’sShadowwasoneofthem.IloginonFridaynightsandSaturdaysorSundayswhenIfeeleverythingaroundmeboring.IusuallyspendabouttenhourschattingonlineeveryweekshesaiD.ButInevertalkwithstrangersespeciallyboysormen.EventhoughshelikeschattingsheiscarefulaboutmakingfriendswithstrangersonlinE.Youdon’tknowwhoyou’retalkingto.YoushouldalwaysbecarefulaboutwhomyoubelieveinonlinE.Manypeoplewouldliketomeetofflinewhentheyfeeltheyhaveknownsomeoneverywell.Fox’sShadowoncemetoneofheronlinefriendsfacetofacE.Itwasagirlwhowasafootballfanlikeherselfandtheywenttoafootballmatchtogether.A16-year-oldBeijingboynamedBartSimononlinedislikesQQusers.IusedtochatonQQbutIfoundthatmostpeopleweretalkingaboutfoolishthingshesaiD.NowhechatsonlineinEnglishusingMSN.IonlychatonlinebecauseI’vegotfriendsinJapantheUSandSingaporehesaiD.Iwanttolearnmoreaboutforeigncultures.ButhespendslittletimechattingonQQasheseesitasawasteoftimeandmoney.Ifyouarereallyaddictedtoitsometimesyoucan’tgiveyourmindtoyourlessonshesaiD.Andfriendsinyourreallifearealwaysmoreimportantthanthoseso-calledfriendsyoumeetonlinE.63.Fromthepassageweknowtheyarealljustafewclicksawaymeans.A.itiswonderfultoseeyourfriendsbyclickingB.itispopulartomakefriendsonlineC.itispossibletolivemuchclosertoyourfriendsD.itiseasyandfasttogetintouchwithyourfriends64.Fox’sShadowthinksQQis.A.agoodplacetospendhertimewhenboredB.thebiggestmessagingserviceinChinaC.asafeplacetochatwithstrangersD.thebestplacetomakefriends65.WhichofthefollowingsentencesisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.AllthepeopleonQQaretalkingaboutfoolishthings.B.WeshouldthinkmoreofourfriendsinreallifE.C.WeshouldbecarefulaboutboysormenonlinE.D.Chattingonlineisawasteoftimeandmoney.66.Theunderlinedphrasemeans.A.turnonthecomputerB.enterinQQC.surftheinternetD.makefriends
- Likehumanbeingsdogsmaycatchcoldbecauseofcoldweatherwetconditionsorcanalsogetitfromothersickdogs.Ifadoghasarunningnoseandwateryeyescoughsorsneezes打喷嚏thenitisquiteprobablethatthedoghascaughtcolD.Adog'scoldcangetoverafterafewdayswithouttreatmentbutittotallydependsupontheownertotreatitwithmedicationsorimproveitsimmunepower免疫力togetridofthecoldnaturally.FollowingaresomeofthethingsyoucandoifyourdoggetsacolD.Youcanimproveitsimmunepowerbygivingitpropernutrientdiet.Healthyfoodcanreallydowonders.Trytogiveitfoodwhichiseithersuggestedbythevet兽医orishealthyforyourpet.IncreasetheintakeoffoodwhichisrichinvitaminsAC.andE.Keepyourdogwarm.ThebestplaceforyourdoginwinterisinsideyourhousE.Donotkeepyourdogoutsidewhenitiscoldandwet.Athomeyoucanalsokeepthedogwarmwiththehelpofcarpets.Thiswillmakehimcomfortableandhelphimtorecoverfast.Increasethefluid流质intakeasithelpsalot.Watercanbethebestchoicebutyoucanalsoaddbroth肉汤inwaterwhichwillgiveyourdogstrength.Warmwaterwillmakeyourdogmorecomfortableandwillalsokeepthedogawayfromtherespiratoryinfections呼吸道感染.SteamtreatmentisconsideredtobeeffectiveingettingridofcolD.Itmakesthenasal鼻的passagewetwhichhelpsproperbreathing.Justfillyourbathroomwithsteamandleaveyourdoginsidethebathroomfor15minutes.Doitnearly2to3timesadayandyouwillseeyourdogrecovering.ThesearesomeofthethingsyoucandotohelpyourdogrecoverfromcolD.Howeverifyouarenotabletofindanyimprovementinitshealththenturntothevetforhelpimmediately.Takeyourdogforregularcheckupssoastoavoidcomplications并发症.67.Fromthefirstparagraphweknowabout__________.A.causesandsymptoms症状ofcoldindogsB.characteristicsofsickdogsC.thesimilaritiesbetweendogsandhumanbeingsD.thedifficultyinkeepingadogasapet68.Whenyourdogcatchescoldyoushouldfeediton_______.A.itsfavoritefoodB.thesuggestedfoodbythevetC.somemeatandwaterD.foodrichinvitaminB.69.Whenadogcatchescolditiswrongto________.A.keepitinsideduringcoldandwetweatherB.letiteattoomuchsolidfoodC.leaveitinsidethebathroomfullofsteamD.keepitsleepingonrugsathome70.Itcanbelearntfromthetextthat_________.A.adog’scoldcanalwaysdisappearnaturallyB.it’squiteeasytomakeasickdogrecoverfromcoldC.treatingadog’scoldsometimesneedsavet’shelpD.coldindogswon’tspreadbetweeneachother.
- Sixtyyearsagopeopleaskedaboutyourastrological星座sign.NowadaystheywanttoknowyourwebsitE.Thesedayshavingawebaddressisalmostasimportantasastreetaddress.YourwebsiteisanelectronicmeetingplaceforyourfamilyfriendsandmillionsofpeoplearoundtheworlD.Bestofallyoumaynothavetospendacent.Thewebisfilledwithallkindsoffreeservicesandallittakesissometimeandcreativity.ThinkofyourhomepageasthestartingpointofyourwebsitE.Likethetableofcontentsofabookormagazinethehomepageisthefrontdoor.Yoursitecanhaveoneormorepagesdependingonhowyoudesignit.Whilewebpagesvarygreatlyintheirdesignandcontentmostuseatraditionalmagazinelayout编排.Atthetopofthepageisabanner横幅GRAPHIC.NextcomesagreetingandashortdescriptionofthesitE.Picturestexts;andlinkstootherwebsitesfollow.Beforeyoustartbuildingyoursitedosomeplanning.Thinkaboutwhomthesiteisforandwhatyouwanttosay.NextgatherupthematerialyouwanttoputonthesitE.Drawaroughlayoutonasheetofpaper.Whiletherearenorulesyouhavetofollowthereareafewthingstokeepinmind:◆Startsimply.IfyouaimtoohighatthebeginningyoumaynevergetthesiteoffthegrounD.YoucanalwaysaddsomethingnewtoyoursitE.◆Lessisbetter.Mostpeopledon’tliketoreadalotoftextsonlinE.Breakitintosmallpieces.◆Smallerisbetter.Sinceittakesalongtimetodownloadlargepicturefiles资料keepthefilesizessmall.Nowit’stimetorollupyoursleevesandstartbuilding.LearningthenetcommunitieshelpsprovidetoolstohelpyoubuildyoursitE.44.Themainpurposeoftheauthorinwritingthepassageistotellyou______.A.howtobuildyourownwebsiteB.whatawebsiteshouldbelikeC.howtomeetpeopleonlineD.whatawebsiteconsistsof45.Accordingtotheauthoryourwebsiteisaplacewhere______.A.youtellothersaboutyourstreetaddressonlineB.youcanmeetpeopleontheInternetforfreeC.youcangetallkindsoffreeservicesD.youcanlearnthenetcommunities46.Thehomepageofyourwebsiteshouldbe______.A.fullofallthecontentsofyourwebsiteB.sodesignedthatitlookslikeafrontdoorC.moreorlesssimilartothecoverofabookormagazineD.sodesignedthatitcandirectpeopletomoreofyourpages47.Thepassagecanbeclassifiedas______.A.entertainmentB.computerscienceC.advertisementD.socialskills
- A.pillcostinglittlemorethan&1adaycouldsavethelivesofthousandssufferingfromacommonheartdisease.BritishdoctorshavedecidedtousethedrugivabradinetotreatpatientswithheartfailurestraightawayeventhoughithasnotyetbeenlicensedforthediseaseintheUK.Morethan700000peoplelivewithheartfailurewhichoccurswhentheorganbecomestooweaktopumpblcodefficientlyroundthebody.Thiscanleadtofatiguebreathlessnessincreasedheartrateandotherseriouscomplications.Around100000peopleayeararethoughttodiefromheartfailureandmanypatientsarerepeatedlyadmittedtohospitalbecauseoftheirsymptoms.Thedramaticresultsfromthetrialof6500patients-thebiggestofitskind-founda26percentcutinheartfailuredeathssuggestingthelivesofaround10000Britishpatientscouldbesavedeachyear.Theresearchalsofoundivabradinewillhelpreducethenumberofhospitaladmissionsby26percentwhichwouldcutcosts.Thetrialcarriedoutin37countriesincludingtheUKshowedparticularbenefitsforpatientswhocannottakebetablockers阻滞药.Betablockersreducetheheartrategivingitmoretimetofillwithbloodbeforethenextbeat.Butinasmanyas50percentofpatientsbetablockersdonotworkorhaveunpleasantsideeffects.Allthepatientsinthetrialhadhighheartratesofaround77beatsperminuteonaverage.lvabradinelowersthenumberofbeatstoaround60perminutewithoutreducingbloodpressurewhichmeansthedamagedheartispumpingmoreefficientlyataslowerrate.ProfessorCowieconsultantcardiologist心脏病学家attheRoyalBromptonHospitalinLondonsaidThisisaverycleanwayofdroppingtheheartrate.Patientsonbetablockerscomplainoftirednessandmanystoptakingit.Ataveryconservativeestimateprescribingivabradinetoeligiblepatientscouldsavebetween5000and10000livesayearhesaid.60.Thispassageismostprobablytakenfrom.A.amedicalmagazineB.agovemmentreportC.anadvertisementD.apersonaldiary61.Ivabradineusedonpatientssufferingfromheartfailurecan.A.raisebreathB.increaseheartrateC.reducebloodpressureD.improvetheheartpump62.Wecanlearnfromtheunderlinedsentencethat.A.ivabradinecanremoveallthesymptomsB.ivabradineiseffectiveincleaningtheheartC.ivabradineisanenvironmentallyfriendlymedicineD.ivabradinehasfewsideeffectsonheartfailurepatients63.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthepassage?A.Toanalyzeamajorstudy.B.TopraisesomeBritishdoctors.C.Tointroduceadrugforaheartdisease.D.Topersuadeustouseanewdrug.
- Earthquakesaresomethingthatpeoplefear.Therearesomeplacesthathavefewornoearthquakes.Mostplacesintheworldhoweverhavethemregularly.Countriesthathavealotofearthquakesareusuallyquitemountainous.ThemosttalkedaboutearthquakeintheUnitedStateswasinSanFranciscoin1906.Over700peoplediedinit.ThestrongestoneinNorthAmericawasin1964.IthappenedinAlaska.Strongearthquakesarenotalwaystheonesthatkillthemostpeople.In1755oneofthestrongestearthquakeseverrecordedwasfeltinPortugal.Around2000peopledied.In1923averystrongearthquakehittheTokyoYokohamaareaofJapan.Ahundredandfortythousandpeopledied.Mostofthemdiedinfireswhichfollowedtheearthquake.OneoftheworstearthquakeseverwasinChinain2008.Itkilledalargenumberofpeople.TheworstearthquakeeverreportedwasalsoinChinainwhich400000peoplewerekilledorinjured.Thisearthquakehappenedin1556.Earthquakesworrypeoplealot.Thereasonisthatweoftendonotknowwhentheyarecoming.Peoplecannotprepareforit.63.Earthquakeshappen_________________.A.inalltheplacesintheworldB.onlyinthecountriesthathavealotofmountainsC.regularlyinmostplacesintheworldD.onlyinafewplacesalongthecoast64.WhenandwherewastheworstearthquakeeverreportedA.1964;Alaska.B.1556;China.C.1923;Japan.D.2008;China.65.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Thestrongertheearthquakeisthemorepeoplearekilled.B.Earthquakesoftencomeunexpectedly.C.Earthquakescancausefires.D.Peoplestilldon’tknowhowtotellwhenanearthquakewillcome.66.Whatmaybetalkedaboutintheseventhparagraph?A.Howdoearthquakesworrypeople?B.Whatwillpeopledotoprepareforearthquakes?C.Howcanwesavepeoplewhenearthquakeshappen?D.Howdoearthquakeshappen?
- Ifyougointothewoodswithyourfriendsstaywiththem.Ifyoudon’tyoumaygetlost.Ifyoudogetlostthisiswhatyoushoulddo.SitdownandstaywhereyouarE.Don’ttrytofindyourfriends—letthemfindyou.YoucanhelpthemtofindyoubystayinginoneplacE.Thereisanotherwaytohelpyourfriendsorotherpeoplenearbytofindyou.Givethemasignalbyshoutingorwhistlingthreetimes.Stop.Thenshoutorwhistlethreetimesagain.Anysignalgiventhreetimesisacallforhelp.Youwillbehelpedbyothers.Keepuptheshoutingorwhistlingalwaysthreetimestogether.Whenpeoplehearyoutheywillknowthatyouarenotjustmakingnoiseforfun.Theywillletyouknowtheyhaveheardyoursignal.Theywillgivetwoshoutstwowhistlesortwogunshots.Whenasignalisgiventwiceitisananswertoacallforhelp.Ifyoudon’tthinkthatyouwillgethelpbeforenightcomestrytomakealittlehouseandcoveruptheholeswithbrancheswithlotsofleavesandgrass.Whatshouldyoudoifyougethungryorneedtodrinksomewater?Youshouldhavetoleaveyourlittlebranchhousetolookforabrook.Don’tjustwalkaway.Pickoffsmallbranchesanddropthemasyouwalksothatyoucanfindyourwayback.Themostimportantthingtodowhenyouarelostis—stayinoneplacE.59.Howdoyouletpeoplebelievethatyouarenotjustmakingnoiseforfun?A.Stopnowandthen.B.Goonshoutingorwhistling.C.ShoutoverandoveratthetopofvoiceD.ShoutorwhistlethreetimesonceawhilE.60.Ifnobodyanswersyouafteryoursignalwhatshouldyoudothen?A.Givetwogunshots.B.Shoutlouder.C.Stopshouting.D.MakeahousE.61.Ifyoufeelthirstywhenyouarelostintheforestwhatshouldyoudo?A.Goandfindabrook.B.Lightafireandmakeyourselfsometea.C.Gotofindabrookandleavemarksbehindyou.D.Findsomethingtoholdthewater.62.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.WhatDoThreeShotsandTwoShotsMeanInA.ForestB.HowToFindYourFriendsWhenYouAreLostInTheWoodsC.WhatToDoIfYouGetLostInA.ForestD.TheMostImportantThingToDoIsToStayInOnePlace
- TragedyattheCircusInyesterday’scircus马戏团showatigersuddenlyattackeditstrainerandhadtobeshotdeaD.Asthecircuspackedupandleftcircusofficialssaidtheshowwouldgoonevenwithouttigers.Howevertheofficialscan’tsimplyturnablindeyetotheethicalproblemsleftbehinD.Evenbeforethistragedyanimalrightsactivistsprotestedagainstkeepingwildanimalsinunnaturalconditionsandforcingthemtosufferfortheprofitofcircusorganizers.Itisnowtimeforustotakeeffectivestepstomakesurethatcircusanimalsaretreatedproperly.CircusSafeforAnimalsOurcircusrecentlysufferedamosttragiceventinitshistory.WhilewearethankfulforthepityfromthepublicwearealsoastonishedbytheopinionexpressedinTragedyattheCircus.FirstourperforminganimalsarenottakenfromthewilD.Astotheethicalproblemswealwaysbelievehumansandanimalscan—andshould—livetogethernicely.Toustheperforminganimalsarerepresentativesoftheirspeciesandourcircusisoneoftheonlyplacesleftwillingtosupportthisspecialroleofperforminganimalsintheexistenceofthespecies.Thosewhoarguethatcircuslifeisharmfultoanimalsshowlittleknowledgeofthesefacts.LifeinthewildisunsafebutacontinuousstruggleforexistencE.Tooverlooktheserealitiesisthegreatestfaultagainsttheanimalkingdom.ThiscircushasproventhatanimalsarestrongerandsmarterthanwecouldimaginE.Withinthecircusisajoyfulatmosphereforbothanimalsandhumans:peopleareeducatedandspeciessaveD.51.Whatisthemainpurposeofthefirstpassage?A.Toshowpityfortheperforminganimals.B.Toexpressworriesaboutanimaltrainers'safety.C.Todealwiththedifficultsituationsofthecircus.D.Tocallforactiontoprotectcircusanimals.52.Whatwillthecircusmostprobablydo?A.Takenonoticeofthetragedy.B.Continueitsperformances.C.Usefewerwildanimals.D.Limititsprofit.53.Whatdoesthecircusthinkofitsperforminganimals?A.Theyareascleverashumanbeings.B.TheystrugglecontinuouslywithhumanbeingsforexistencE.C.Theyarehelpfulinsavingtheirspecies.D.Theyhaveequallynaturallivingconditionsaswildanimals.
- Ourenvironmentisn’tasgreenandbeautifulasitshouldbE.Therearesteel钢铁monstersblockingoutthesunblowingoutdangeroussmokeandlettingoutpoisonouschemicalsintoriverscarsproducingharmfulwastegaspeoplethrowingoutwasteinawrongwayandallotherkindsofsourcesthatruintheplanet.FacingcurrentenvironmentalproblemspeopleneedtodotheirbesttosavetheEarth.Youcanseemanybiggarbagedustbinsinthestreets.They’renotthereforashowbutforyoutodropyourwaste.Weshouldrealizethatwhatalittlewedodoescount.Sonexttimeyougetthaturgetothrowgumorachocolatepackageoutofthecarwindoworaccidentallydropasyonwalkdownthestreetaskyourselfhowranchwasteyou’rebeencontributingtotheenvironmentwiththatbadhabitgoingonforyears.Athomethefirstthingwecandotoprotecttheenvironmentisavoidlettingwaterruncontinuouslyandmakesurethattaps水龙头arenotleaky泄漏的whichwouldhelpgreatlyinscrimping.Anotheristouseenergy-savinglightsandturnthemoffbeforeyouleavetherooms.It’snotonlyenergy-savingbutalsocutsdownelectricitycosts.Recyclingisamethodtomakeitemsreusable.Manythingsyouwanttothrowoutcanbemadeintonewproductsthroughthereproducingprocess.Useyourimaginationtocomeupwithwaysonthingsthatyoucanuseagain.Passonthemessageofsimplewaystosavetheenvironmenttokids.Startingwithkidsisagoodwayofteachingthemessageearlyintheirlivesinthehopethattheycancarryitforwardastheygrowolder.Withenvironmentalprotectionawareness意识inmindwecandowhatwecanfortheresultsaretohaveabigeffectontheplanet.AslongaswedoourparttheworldisonesmallstepclosertobeingsaveD.71.InthefirstParatheauthorusessteelmonsterstodescribeA.bigfactoriesB.hugebuildingsC.highmountainsD.charactersinfairystories72.TheunderlinedwordscrimpinginthethirdParacanbereplacedbyA.cleaningB.cookingC.savingD.drinking73.FromtheFifthParawecanknowthatA.protectingtheenvironmentbeginswithsmallchoresB.protectingtheenvironmentshouldstartfromchildhoodC.wonderfullifecomesfromenvironmentalprotectionD.protectingtheenvironmentbenefitsthecountryandthepeople74.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?A.ThemorepeopledotheirpartthegreenertheenvironmentwillbeB.SellingwhatyoudentwantanymoreisakindofrecyclingC.ToprotecttheenvironmentmayhelpyousavesomemoneyD.Yourbadhabitsfortheenvironmentareavaluablecontribution75.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.TheuseofgarbagedustbinsB.HowtosavewaterandelectricityC.HowtosavetheenvironmentD.Ourcurrentenvironmentalproblems
- Ihavethisoldclockthatbelongedtomymom.Mydadgaveittomeyearsagoaftermompassedaway.Ihavemixedfeelingsabouthavingtheclock.Iloveitbecauseitwasmymom’sbutitalsoholdssomebadmemories.Youseeitchimes.Itcountsoutthehourandringsonceonthehalfhour.Oratleastitusedto.Nowyouneverknowwhatnumberitwillring.WhenmymotherwasathomedyingfromcancersheaskedfortheclocktobeunpluggeD.Hearingthehourscountdownreallyangeredandfrightenedher.Mompassedaway.IdecidedIwantedtogettheclockfixedsoIcouldrememberthegoodhourswehadwithher.Itookittoalocalclockshoptheotherday.Iknowthishasnoparticularvalueasaclockbutitwasmymom’sandIneedtogetitfixedIsaidtotheshopowner.Iwentontodescribetheproblem.WegetalotoftheseinhetoldmE.Here’swhatIdo.Weremovetheclockworks机件andreplaceitwithabattery-operatedmovement机芯thatchimeselectronicallyhetoldmE.Youcan’tfixthis?Nowedon’thavethetimenortheparts.IthankedhimandwenthomE.Icalledafewotherplacesandwastoldthesamething.HowincrediblysadItoldthelastonedisappointedly.Howincrediblysadthatwehavebecomeasocietythatreplacescraftsmanshipwithconvenienceandeasyfixes.Wecopytheoriginalinsteadofcreatingsomethingnew.Weduplicate复制;wedon’toriginate发明.Sadlythesamegoesforourattitudetolifeitself.EachofusisanoriginaloneofakinD.Butwefinditsomucheasiertocopyanotherstylethantodevelopourown.Wearewannabes崇拜别人的人ratherthanhey-world-look-at-mes.WefailtoseetherealvalueinwhowearesowespendourlivestryingtobesomeoneelsE.61.Whydidtheauthordecidetogettheclockfixed?A.Becauseitwasareallyoldandvaluableclock.B.Becauseitwastheonlythingthathermotherhadlefther.C.Becauseitbroughthermemoriesofbeingwithhermother.D.Becauseitlefttheauthorwithmixedfeelings.62.Whatdidtheclockshopownerstelltheauthor?A.ThepartsthattheclockneededwereelectroniC.B.Itwouldcostalottorepairtheclock.C.TheyhadneverrepairedaclocklikethisbeforE.D.TheycouldonlymaketheclockelectroniC.63.Theauthorintendsto________.A.criticizetheirresponsibleclockshopownersB.criticizepeoplewhodonotvaluethingswithahistoryC.criticizepeoplewhodonothaveacreativeattitudetowardlifeD.criticizepeople’signoranceoftraditionalcraftsmanship
- PacingandPausingSaratriedtobefriendheroldfriendSteve'snewwifebutBettyneverseemedtohaveanythingtosay.WhileSarafeltBettydidn'tholdupherendoftheconversationBettycomplainedtoStevethatSaranevergaveherachancetotalk.Theproblemhadtodowithexpectationsaboutpacingandpausing.Conversationisaturn-takinggamE.Whenourhabitsaresimilarthere'snoproblem.ButifourhabitsaredifferentyoumaystarttotalkbeforeI'mfinishedorfailtotakeyourturnwhenI'mfinisheD.That'swhatwashappeningwithBettyandSarA.ItmaynotbecoincidentalthatBettywhoexpectedrelativelylongerpausesbetweenturnsisBritishandSarawhoexpectedrelativelyshorterpausesisAmerican.BettyoftenfeltinterruptedbySarA.ButBettyherselfbecameaninterrupterandfoundherselfdoingmostofthetalkingwhenshemetavisitorfromFinlanD.AndSarahadahardtimecuttinginonsomespeakersfromLatinAmericaorIsrael.Thegeneralphenomenonthenisthatthesmallconversationtechniqueslikepacingandpausingleadpeopletodrawconclusionsnotaboutconversationalstylebutaboutpersonalityandabilities.Thesehabitualdifferencesareoftenthebasisfordangerousstereotyping思维定式.Andthesesocialphenomenacanhaveverypersonalconsequences.ForexampleawomanfromthesouthwesternpartoftheUSwenttoliveinaneasterncitytotakeupajobinpersonnel.WhenthePersonnelDepartmentgottogetherformeetingsshekeptsearchingfortherighttimetobreakin---andneverfoundit.AlthoughbackhomeshewasconsideredoutgoingandconfidentinWashingtonshewasviewedasshyandretiring.Whenshewasevaluatedattheendoftheyearshewastoldtotakeatrainingcoursebecauseofherinabilitytospeakup.That'swhyslightdifferencesinconversationalstyle---tinylittlethingslikemicrosecondsofpause---canhaveagreateffectonone'slifE.Theresultinthiscasewasajudgmentofpsychologicalproblems---eveninthemindofthewomanherselfwhoreallywonderedwhatwaswrongwithherandregisteredforassertivenesstraining.63.WhatdidSarathinkofBettywhentalkingwithher?A.BettywastalkativE.B.Bettywasaninterrupter.C.Bettydidnottakeherturn.D.BettypaidnoattentiontoSarA.64.Accordingtothepassagewhoarelikelytoexpecttheshortestpausesbetweenturns?A.Americans.B.Israelis.C.TheBritish.D.TheFinns.65.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat______.A.communicationbreakdownresultsfromshortpausesandfastpacingB.womenareunfavorablystereotypedineasterncitiesoftheUSC.one'sinabilitytospeakupisculturallydeterminedsometimesD.oneshouldreceivetrainingtobuildupone'sconfidence66.Theunderlinedwordassertivenessinthelastparagraphprobablymeans______.A.beingwillingtospeakone'smindB.beingabletoincreaseone'spowerC.beingreadytomakeone'sownjudgmentD.beingquicktoexpressone'sideasconfidently
- GlobalPositioningSystemsarenowapartofeverydaydrivinginmanycountries.Thesesatellite-basedsystemsprovideturn-by-turndirectionstohelppeoplegettowheretheywanttogo.Buttheycanalsocausealotofproblemssendyoutothewrongplaceorleaveyoucompletelylost.ManytimesthedriveristoblamE.SometimesaGPSerrorisresponsiblE.MostoftensaysBarryBrownitisacombinationofthetwo.WespoketoMr.BrownbySkypE.HetoldusaboutanincidentinvolvingafriendwhohadflowntoanairportintheeasternUnitedStates.ThereheborrowedaGPS-equippedcartouseduringhisstay.BarryBrown:Andtheyjustpluggedinanaddressandthensetofftotheirdestination.Andthenitwasn’tuntiltheyweredrivingforthirtyminutesthattheyrealizedtheyactuallyputinadestinationbackontheWestCoastwheretheyliveD.Theyactuallyputtheirhomeaddressin.SoagaintheGPSiskindof'garbageingarbageout'.MisterBrownsaysthisisacommonhumanerror.ButhesayswhatmakestheproblemworsehastodowithsomeoftheshortcomingsorfailuresofGPSequipment.BarryBrown:OneproblemwithalotoftheGPSunitsistheyhaveaverysmallscreenandtheyjusttellyouthenextturn.Becausetheyjustgiveyouthenextturnsometimesthatmeansthatitisnotreallygivingyoutheoverviewthatyouwouldneedtoknowthatit’sgoingtothewrongplacE.BarryBrownformerlyservedasaprofessorwiththeUniversityofCaliforniaSanDiego.WhilethereheworkedonaprojectwithEricLaurierfromtheUniversityofEdinburgh.ThetwomenstudiedtheeffectsofGPSdevicesondrivingbyplacingcamerasinpeople’scars.Theywroteapaperbasedontheirresearch.ItiscalledTheNormalNaturalTroublesofDrivingwithGPS.ItlistsseveralareaswhereGPSsystemscancauseconfusionfordrivers.TheseincludemapsthatareoutdatedincorrectordifficulttounderstanD.TheyalsoincludetimingissuesrelatedtowhenGPScommandsaregiven.BarryBrownsaystomakeGPSsystemsbetterweneedabetterunderstandingofhowdriverspassengersandGPSsystemsworktogether.63.InParagraph2Mr.Brownmentionedhisfriendintheconversationto_____________.A.builduphisownreputationB.laughathisstupidfriendC.provetheGPSsystemisonlygarbageD.describeanexampleofhumanerror64.WithwhichofthefollowingstatementwouldBarryBrownmostlikelyagree?A.GPSunitsaretoblameforthemostGPSservicefailures.B.WeshouldintroducehigherstandardforthedrivinglicensE.C.CamerasareurgentlyneededtohelpimproveGPSsystems.D.DriversGPSsystemsandpassengersshouldunitetoimproveGPSsystems.65.WhatisMr.Brown’sattitudetowardsGPS?A.UnconcernedB.PrejudicedC.ObjectiveD.Critical66.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.drivingwithGPScanbedifficultB.drivingconfusionscanbecausedbysmallscreenC.drivingwithoutGPSshouldbemuchmoreconvenientD.GPSequipmentindriving:tobedesertedorimproved?
- Youmaypicturefirefightersholdingahose水管outsideofaburningbuildingbuttheGoldenEaglesHotshotsdon’tfightfiresquitethatway.Whentheygointoactionyoumaynotevenseeafiretruck.TheHotshotsarefirefighterswhobattlefiresinwildernessareas.Butdon’tthinkyou’llonlyfindthemintheirhomestateCaliforniA.WhereverthereisanationalwildfireemergencytheGoldenEaglesHotshotscouldbetherE.Butthesefirefightersdon’tworkthesamewayasfirefightersinabigcity.Theyworkinareaswheretherearelargenumbersoftreesbushesandgrass.Theyclimbupanddownsteephillstoclearbrushandburnabledebris残骸.Theysometimesusewaterbuttheyoftenfightfirewithfire!Theydothatbylightingwhatarecalledbackfireswhicharesmallcontrolledfiresthatburnupfuelinthepathoflargerwildfires.ThatwaywhentheWildfiregetsthereithasnothingtoburnandnowheretogobecausealltheburnablefuelhasalreadygoneupinsmokE.TheHotshotsalsoclearawayfuelusingold-fashionedhardwork.ForexampletheyuseasawtocutawaytreesandheavybrushthatcouldcatchfirE.OfcoursetherearetimeswhentheGoldenEaglesHotshotsdohavetruckstosupplywatertothefires.Butthewaterislimitedandtheseguyshavetorelyonhardworkmorethananything.Physicalfitnessisveryimportant.Theyhavetobeingreatphysicalshapetohandlesteephillsanddifficultterrain地形whilecarryinga60—poundpack.TheGoldenEaglesHotshotsdefinitelyworkhardfortheirpay.Butthankstotheireffortsmanyliveshavebeensavedmanyhouseshavenotburnedandcountlesstreesarestillstanding.1.Thefirefightersmentionedinthepassage________.A.domuchoftheirworkinCaliforniaB.avoidclimbingsteephillsintheirworkC.dotheirworkequippedwithadvancedtoolsD.carryouttheirworkmostlyinforestsandmountains2.AccordingtothepassagewhydothefirefighterslightbackfiresA.Tosignalforhelp.B.Toremoveobstacles.C.Toprotecttreesandbushes.D.Topreventthefirefromspreading.3.WhatcanwelearnabouttheGoldenEaglesHotshots?A.Theyarefirefightersworkinginbigcities.B.Theirworkrequiresphysicalstrength.C.TheyarevoluntaryfirefightersworkingforfreE.D.Theyusuallyholdahosetoputoutthefires.4.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheGoldenEaglesHotshots?A.AppreciativE.B.DoubtfulC.WorrieD.D.Critical.
- Whyshouldmankindexplorespace?Whyshouldmoneytimeandeffortbespentexploringandresearchingsomethingwithsofewapparentbenefits?Whyshouldresourcesbespentonspaceratherthanonpeopleontheearth?ThesearequestionsthatunderstandablyareveryoftenaskeD.Perhapsthebestanswerliesinourgeneticmakeup基因构成ashumanbeings.Whatdroveourancestorstomovefromthetreesintotheplainsandintoallpossibleareasandenvironments?Thewiderthespreadofaspeciesthebetteritschanceofsurvival.PerhapsthebestreasonforexploringspaceisthisgenetictendencytoexpandwhereverpossiblE.Nearlyeverysuccessfulcivilizationhasexploredbecausebydoingsoanydangersinsurroundingareascanbeidentifiedandpreparedfor.Withoutknowledgewemaybecompletelydestroyedbythedanger.Withknowledgewecanlessenitseffects.Explorationalsoallowsmineralsandotherpotential潜在的resourcestobefounD.Evenifwehavenoimmediateneedofthemtheywillperhapsbeusefullater.Resourcesmaybemorethanphysicalpossessions.Knowledgeortechniqueshavebeenacquiredthroughexploration.Thetechniquesmayhavemedicalapplicationswhichcanimprovethelengthorqualityofourlives.Wehavealreadybenefitedfromotherspin-offsincludingimprovementsinearthquakepredictioninsatellitesforweatherforecastingandincommunicationssystems.Evennon-stickpansandmirroredsunglassesareby-products副产品oftechnologicaldevelopmentsinthespacE.Whilemanyresourcesarespentonwhatseemsasmallreturntheexplorationofspaceallowscreativebraveandintelligentmembersofourspeciestofocusonwhatmayservetosaveus.Whilespacemayholdmanywondersandexplanationsofhowtheuniversewasformedorhowitworksitalsoholdsdangers.ThedangerexistsbutknowledgecanhelphumantosurvivE.Withouttheabilitytoreachoutacrossspacethechancetosaveourselvesmightnotexist.WhileEarthistheonlyplanetknowntosupportlifesurelytheadaptiveabilityofhumanswouldallowustoliveonotherplanets.ItistruethatthelifestylewouldbedifferentbuthumanlifeandcultureshaveadaptedinthepastandsurelycouldinthefuturE.56.WhydoestheauthormentionthequestionsinParagraph1?A.Toexpresshisdoubts.B.Tocomparedifferentideas.C.Tointroducepointsfordiscussion.D.TodescribetheconditionsonEarth.57.WhatisthereasonforexploringspacebasedonParagraph2?A.Humansarenature-borntodoso.B.Humanshavethetendencytofight.C.HumansmayfindnewsourcesoffooD.D.Humansdon’tliketostayinthesameplacE.58.Theunderlinedwordspin-offsinParagraph4probablyrefersto______.A.survivalchancesB.unexpectedbenefitsC.potentialresourcesD.physicalpossessions59.Whatmakesitpossibleforhumanstoliveonotherplanets?A.Theadaptiveabilityofhumans.B.Resourcesontheearth.C.Ourgeneticmakeup.D.By-productsinspaceexploration.60.Whichofthestatementscanbestsumupthepassage?A.Spaceexplorationhascreatedmanywonders.B.Spaceexplorationprovidedthebestvalueformoney.C.Spaceexplorationcanbenefitscienceandtechnology.D.SpaceexplorationmayhelpusavoidpotentialproblemsonEarth.
- Haveyoueversuddenlyfeltthatsomeoneyouknowwasintrouble——andhewas?Haveyoueverdreamedsomethingthatcametruelater?MaybeyouhaveESP超感官知觉.ESPstandsforExtraSensoryPerception.ItmaybecalledasixthsensE.Itseemstoletpeopleknowaboutevents事件beforetheyhappenoreventsthatarehappeningsomedistance距离away.Hereisanexample:A.womanwasdoingwashing.SuddenlysheshoutedMyfatherisdead!Isawhimsittinginthechair!JustthenatelephonecamE.Thewoman’sfatherhaddiedofaheartillness.Hediedsittinginachair.TherearethousandsofstorieslikethisonrecorD.Scientistsarestudyingthemtofindoutwhatisbehindthesestrangemental心理的messages.Here’sanotherexample——oneofhundredsofdreamsthathavecometruE.Amandreamedhewaswalkingalongaroadwhenahorseandcarriagecameby.ThedriversaidThere’sroomforonemorE.ThemanfeltthedriverwasDeathsoheranaway.Thenextdaythemanwasgettingonacrowdedbus.ThebusdriversaidThere’sroomforonemore.Thenthemansawthedriver’sfacewasthesamefacehehadseeninthedream.Hewouldn’tgetonthebus.Asthebusdroveoffitcrashedandburstintofires.Everyonewaskilled!Somepeoplesaystoriesliketheseareliesorcoincidences.OtherssaythatareESPintruE.FromstudiesofESPwemaysomedaylearnmoreaboutthehumanminD.64.ESPletspeopleknowabout_________.A.theirdreamsB.eventsaftertheyhappenC.eventsbeforetheyhappenD.heartillness65.Inhispassagethewordcoincidencesmeans________.A.thingswhichdonothappenB.thingswhichhappenbyaccidentC.thingswhichareonlydreamsD.thingsdreamedofonlybysickpeople66.Theexampleofthemanshowstheabilityto_______.A.avoidtrafficaccidentsB.knowthegoodandbadofapersonC.knowabouttheeventshappeningsomedistanceawayD.senseadangerthatwillhappenlateron67.Thebesttitleofthispassageis_________.A.SixthSenseB.TheHumanMindC.ABigLieD.ATerribleDream
- TalkingplantsmightsoundlikecharactersinafairytalE.Butrecentscientificstudieshaveshownthatplantscommunicatewitheachotherandwithotherlivingthingsinasurprisingnumberofways.TounderstandthemscientistssaywejusthavetolearntheirlanguagE.Farmersareespeciallyinterestedinwhatplantshavetosay.Plantsareabletocommunicatewithallsortsoforganisms有机体.Theycancommunicatewithgiantbacteriawithotherplantsandwithinsects.TheydothischemicallysaidCahillanEcologyProfessoroftheUniversityofAlbertainCanadA.Plantscientistsarejustbeginningtounderstandthischemicallanguage.Cahillsaysstudieshaveshownforexamplethatplantscanevaluateconditionsintheirimmediateenvironmentandtakeappropriateactions.Plantshaveanabilityforexampletosignalpainordiscomfortcausedbyanythingfromtemperatureextremestoaninsectattack.JackSchultzaprofessorofchemicalecologyattheUniversityofMissourisayswhenaplantsensesthatit’sbeingeatenitcannotwalkawayfromtrouble;onthecontraryitwillreleaseachemicalvaporthatalertsotherplantsnearby.TheirlanguageisachemicallanguageanditinvolveschemicalsthatmovethroughtheairthatareeasytobechangeableandmostofallaresmellsthatwearefamiliarwithSchultzexplaineD.AllplantsrespondedtotheattackbychangingtheirchemistrytodefendthemselvesSchultzrecalleD.Butwewerequitesurprisedtofindthatnearbyplantsalsochangedtheirchemistrytodefendthemselveseventhoughtheywerenotpartoftheexperiment.Studieshavealsoshownthatplantsunderattackreleasepleasantchemicals.Thosechemicalsattractfriendlyinsectsthatattackthepestseatingtheplant.Intheendplants’abilitytocommunicatetheirneeds---andourabilitytounderstandthem---couldhelpfarmersreducetheuseofpoisonouschemicalscutoperatingcostsandlimitdamagetotheenvironment.55.Therecentscientificstudieshaveshownthatplantscan______________.A.communicatewithotherlivingthingsinachemicalwayB.hardlyreacttoanysuddenchangeintemperatureC.useaveryspecialchemicallanguagewhichisfamiliartousD.respondtotheattackbygivingoffpoisonouschemicals56.Whenbeingeatenbyaninsecttheplantwill______________.A.walkawayfromtroubleB.changeitschemistrytokilltheinsectC.releaseachemicalvaportoaskotherplantsforhelpD.giveoffnicechemicalstoattractfriendlyinsectskillingthepest57.Theunderlinedwordalertmostprobablymeans______________.A.warnB.protectC.threatenD.allow58.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.CommunicationbetweenPlantsB.A.ChemicalLanguageC.PlantsCanTalkD.HowPlantsProtectThemselves
- WiththeaveragetemperatureforJanuarystandingat-50℃itisnowonderthevillageisthecoldestpermanentlyinhabitedsettlementintheworlD.Knownasthe'PoleofCold'thecoldestevertemperaturerecordedinOymyakonwas-71.2℃.ThisisthelowestrecordedtemperatureforanypermanentlyinhabitedlocationonEarthandthelowesttemperaturerecordedintheNorthernHemispherE.IronicallyOymyakonactuallymeans'non-freezingwater'duetoanearbyhotspring.MosthomesinOymyakonstillburncoalandwoodforheatandenjoyfewmodernconveniences.Nothinggrowstheresopeopleeatreindeermeatandhorsemeat.A.singleshopprovidesthetown'sbarenecessitiesandthelocalsworkasreindeer-breedershuntersandice-fisherman.Doctorssaythereasonthelocalsdon'tsufferfrommalnutritionisthattheiranimals'milkcontainsalotofmicronutrients.Unsurprisinglylocalsarehardenedtotheweatherandunlikeinothercountries—whereaflurryofsnowbringsthingsgrindingtoahaltOymyakon'ssolitaryschoolonlyshutsiftemperaturesfallbelow-52℃.Therearefewmodernconveniencesinthevillage—withmanybuildingsstillhavingoutdoortoilets-andmostpeoplestillburncoalandwoodforheat.WhencoaldeliveriesareirregularthepowerstationstartsburningwooD.Ifthepowerceasesthetownshutsdowninaboutfivehoursandthepipesfreezeandcrack.DailyproblemsthatcomewithlivinginOymyakonincludepeninkfreezingglassesfreezingtopeople'sfacesandbatterieslosingpower.Localsaresaidtoleavetheircarsrunningalldayforfearofnotbeingabletorestartthem.Eveniftherewascoverageformobilephonereceptionthephonesthemselveswouldnotworkinsuchcoldconditions.Anotherproblemcausedbythefrozentemperaturesisburyingdeadbodieswhichcantakeanythinguptothreedays.Theearthmustfirsthavemeltedsufficientlyinordertodigitsoabonfireislitforacoupleofhours.Hotcoalsarethenpushedtothesideandaholecoupleofinchesdeepisdug.Theprocessisrepeatedforseveraldaysuntiltheholeisdeepenoughtoburythecoffin.Travelcompaniesoffertouriststheopportunitytovisitthevillageandsamplelifeinthefreezingconditions.59.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthisvillageistrue?A.Localchildrendon’tgotoschoolbecauseoftheextremecolD.B.Peoplethereliveahardandsimplelifewithfewmodernconveniences.C.Peopletherehaveahealthyandbalanceddietsbyeatingvegetablesandmeat.D.Thenameofthisvillage—Oymyakonsuggeststhatit’sextremelycoldherE.60.ThesentenceIfyouthoughtitwascoldwhereyouareatthemomentthenavisittotheRussianvillageofOymyakonmightjustchangeyourminD.canbeput.A.beforethefirstparagraphB.afterthefirstparagraphC.afterthesixthparagraphD.beforethelastparagraph61.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrasegrindingtoahaltprobablymeaninthispassage?A.stoppingB.growingC.continuingD.failing62.Whatisthepurposeofwritingthispassage?A.ToattractmorepeopletovisitthisvillagE.B.ToinformreadersofthisspecialvillagE.C.TohelpsolveproblemsfacingthevillagE.D.Todrawreaders’attentiontopoorpeoplE.
- ThereisaveryspecialwolfthatlivesinAfricA.TheyareactuallycalledtheAfricanwilddogorpainteddogs.Theseanimalsliveinopenwoodlands.orintheplainsofAfricA.TodayhowevermostoftheanimalscanbefoundineasternorsouthernAfricA.Theseanimalsarebeautiful.Theyhaveroundedearsinsteadofpointedlikemostdogsandtheyhavefourtoes脚趾oneachoftheirfeetalsoauniquecharacteristicbecauseotherdogshavefivE.Theirfurisalwaysdifferentfromeachother.Thefurisusuallyacombinationofblackbrownredandwhiteandsometimesevenyellow.Nowonderthey’recalledthepaintedwolf.TheAfricanwilddogisaverysocialanimal.Theyliveingroupsandhavenumbersfromfivetoabouttwenty.Themembersofagrouparealwaysveryclosetooneanother.TheycommunicateintheirownlanguageorbodylanguagE.Whensomeoneisveryoldorsicktheotherswillhelpandtheyarewillingtosharethefoodwitheldersandwiththosewhoareweakwhichiswhatweshouldlearnfrom.Thefamilydoeseverythingtogetherfromraisingyoungtosleepingtogethertohunting.Whentheyhunttheyworktogetherusingteamworktokillanimalsthatarelargerthanthem.Theysometimeshuntfarmanimals.Thisisunfortunatebecausebothpoachers偷猎者andpeoplewhoownfarmsshootthepainteddogswhoarejusttryingtosurvivE.BeforethereusedtobemanylargegroupsthroughoutthelandbutnowtheAfricanwilddogisveryrarE.Theyarealsolosingtheirpopulationbecauseoftheirownlossofhabitatthankstohuman’sfarmingandforestcutting.51.WhydoAfricanwilddogsgetthenamepainteddogs?A.Theyallhavecolorfulfur.B.Thedogsinthesamegroupareofdifferentcolors.C.Artistslovetopaintthemindifferentcolors.D.Noneofthemhasthesamecolor.52.AccordingtotheauthorwhatshouldwelearnfromAfricanwilddogs?A.Theyalwaysdoeverythingtogether.B.Theyarealwaysveryclosetooneanother.C.Theyhelpthesicktheelderlyandtheweak.D.TheycommunicateintheirownlanguagE.53.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonwhyAfricanwilddogsarebecomingveryrare?A.Poacherskillsomeofthem.B.Theyareshortoffoodsometimes.C.Theyarelosingtheirhabitat.D.Farmersshootsomeofthem.54.Wherecouldthispassageprobablybefound?A.TheTravelersB.FashionWeeklyC.AnimalWorldD.StarMagazine
- Everwonderhowmuchacloudweighs?Whataboutahurricane?A.meteorologisthasdonesomeestimatesandtheresultsmightsurpriseyou.Let'sstartwithaverysimplewhitepuffycloud—acumuluscloud积云.Howmuchdoesthewaterinacumuluscloudweigh?PeggyLeMoneseniorscientistattheNationalCenterforAtmosphericResearchinBoulderColoradodidthenumbers.Thewaterinthelittlecloudweighsabout550tonsshecalculates.Orifyouwanttoconvertittosomethingthatmightbealittlemoremeaningfulthinkofelephants.Thethoughtofahundredelephants-worthofwatersuspendedintheskybegsanotherquestion—whatkeepsitupthere?Firstofallthewaterisn'tinelephantsizedparticles微粒it'sintinytinytinyparticlesexplainsLeMonE.Andthoseparticlesfloatonthewarmerairthat'srisingbelow.ButstilltheconceptofsomuchwaterfloatingintheskywassurprisingeventoameteorologistlikeLeMonE.IhadnoideahowmuchacloudwouldweighactuallywhenIstartedthecalculationsshesays.Sohowmanyelephantunitsofwaterareinsideabigstormcloud—10timesbiggerallthewayaroundthanthepuffycumuluscloud?AgainLeMonedidthenumbers:About200000elephants.NowratchetupthecalculationsforahurricaneaboutthesizeofMissouriandthefiguresgetreallymassivE.Whatwe'redoingisweighingthewaterinonecubicmetertheoreticallypulledfromacloudandthenmultiplyingbythenumberofmetersinawholehurricanesheexplains.Theresult?Fortymillionelephants.Thatmeansthewaterinonehurricaneweighsmorethanalltheelephantsontheplanet.Perhapsevenmorethanalltheelephantsthathaveeverlivedontheplanet.64.TheweightofisNOTmentionedinthepassagE.A.acumuluscloudB.atornadoC.ahurricaneD.astormcloud65.HowdidPeggyLeMonefeelabouttheresultofhercalculations?A.Shefounditnotconvincing.B.Shethoughtitneededfurthercalculations.C.Shewasquitesurprisedatit.D.SheconsideredthecalculationsinaccuratE.66.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.A.stormcloudweighsabout200000elephants.B.ThewaterinahurricaneweighsmorethanthatinanyotherkindofclouD.C.Therearelessthanfortymillionelephantslivingontheearth.D.Thewaterinthecloudisinverytinypartials.
- Anearthquakehappenswhentwoplatesrub碰撞together.Theearthplatestravelindifferentdirectionsandatdifferentspeeds.Ifoneplateisslowlyforcedunderneaththeotherpressurebuildsupuntiltheplatesbreakapart.ThisprocesscausesthegroundtomovE.ItisanearthquakE.Inotherwordsearthquakesaretheshakingoftheearth’ssurfacecausedbytheearth’srockyouterlayerasaresultoftheenergystoredwithintheearth.Thestrainwithintherocksissuddenlyreleased释放.Thedamageanearthquakecausesdependsonwhereitisandthetimeitishappening.Ifanunpopulatedregionisstrucktherewillbelowlossoflifeorproperty.Ifithitsalargecitytheremaybemanyinjuriesandmuchdestruction.Manyoftheareasatriskarelargelypopulatednow.MajorearthquakeshittingthoseareastodaycouldproduceterribledamagE.Actuallythereareseveralmillionsmallearth-quakeseveryyear.Largeearthquakessuchasthe1964Alaskaquakethatmeasured9.2ontheRichterscalecausemillionsofdollarsindamagE.Inthelast500yearsmillionsofpeoplehavebeenkilledbyearthquakesaroundtheworld—including240000inthe1976TangshanearthquakeinChinA.A.60-secondorlessearthquakecancausedevastation毁坏thatcontinuesforyearsafterthefirsttremor小震.In1972aseriesofsevereearthquakesstruckManaguaNicaraguA.Fifteenyearslaterthecitystilllookedthewayithadaweekaftertheearthquakehitbecausethecountrydidnothavethenecessarymoneytorebuildit.Theshakingoftheearthissometimesnotthegreatestdisaster.Itisintheensuingfiresandfloodsthatoftenthegreatestdamageoccurs.Inthe1906earthquakeitwasthefirescausedafteritthatdidthemajorityofthedamagE.Anearthquakecanalsodestroydamshighaboveacityorvalleyscausingfloodstosweepdownandsweepawayeverythingintheirpath.60.Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?A.Anearthquakecomesfrominsidetheearth.B.TheearthhasgreatenergyinstoragE.C.HowtheearthplatesmovE.D.Howanearthquakehappens.61.Whichofthefollowingismentionedtoshowthatanearthquakecankilltoomanypeople?A.The1964AlaskanquakE.B.The1976TangshanearthquakE.C.The1972ManaguaearthquakE.D.The1906earthquakE.62.Theunderlinedwordensuinginthelastparagraphprobablymeans______.A.causingtoomuchheatandgreatdamageB.causingmanyinjuriesandmuchdestructionC.happeningasaresultofanothereventD.happeningsuddenlyandunexpectedly63.BygivingtheexampleinParagraph4theauthorwantstoshowthat______.A.anearthquakedoesn’tlastlongB.thedamagecanlastlongC.peopleinManaguasufferedtoomuchD.Nicaraguaisstillapoorcountry
- Colorsarenotonlyusedfordecorationsorforaddingtothebeautyofanobject.Incolorpsychology心理学blackisthecolorofpowerbutitalsostandsforevil邪恶insomepeople’sminds.Blackcouldmakeyouappearthinnerwhichiswhyitcanbeagoodchoiceifyouthinkyou’reoverweight.Blackcanalsogivepeopleafeelingthatyouareindependent独立的.Redreflectsenergypowerandstrength.Redisusefulwhenyouwanttodrawsomeattentiontoyourself.Butredmaycauseafasterheartbeatandbreathingsoitcouldbeanirritating恼人的colorifoveruseD.Stayinginablueroomcanmakeyoucalm.Howeverifoveruseditmayleadtoasadfeeling.Whenwearingblueyouleavetheimpressionthatyouareloyalandtrustworthy.Greenisknownasarelaxingcolor.StayinginagreenroomcanmakeyoumorerelaxeD.That’soneofthereasonswhyfactorywallsareprintedgreen.Yellowisanirritatingcolor.Insometakeawayrestaurants外卖餐馆thewallsarepaintedyellowinordernottoletcustomersstayforlongperiodsintherestaurantsandfreeupmorespaceforothercustomers.Justlikeredyellowisaneye-catchingcoloranditcouldalsoincreasetheheartbeat.Pinkshowskindness.WhenonewantstogethelpagoodchoicewouldbeheadingforsomeonewhoiswearingpinkorwhitE.67.Accordingtocolorpsychologybesidesred______isacolorthatcanmakeyoueasilynoticeD.A.blackB.blueC.yellowD.pink68.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat__________.A.bluenomatterhowmuchusedcancalmpeopledown.B.yellowcanhelprestaurantsmakecustomersstaylonger.C.pinkistheonlycolorthatshowskindness.D.bothblackandredcanstandforpower.69.Accordingtothepassagewhyarethewallsinsomefactoriespaintedgreen?A.Becausegreencanmakeworkershopeful.B.BecausegreencanmakeworkersfeelrelaxeD.C.Becausegreencanmakeworkersmoreconfident.D.BecausegreenisasymbolofnaturE.70.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowtoChooseColorsB.PsychologyEffects影响ofColors.C.ColorsMakeOurLifeWonderful.D.BeCarefulwithColorChoices.
- Nowinaworldpiledhighwithsmartphonestabletsande-readerstechnologyhasenteredtheclassroominwaysunimaginablE.Takingclassescanbefuntoo.A11youhavetodoisswipeyourfingersonyourphonescreenanddownloadsameAppswhichcanmakeyourstudymorefunandefficient.Balancingstudyandplayinacollegesettinghasneverbeeneasy----andwiththefollowingfewappsit'llbetoughtotellthetwoapart.EvernoteUse:note-takingCanbeusedonPhone/iPad/iPodtouchAndroidBlackBerryPalmOSandWindowsPhone7PricefreeIt'shardtoimaginethatwithallthemagicalgadgets新发明theeagerstudioustypeswouldstilltakeoutanotepadpencilandhighlighter-andtakenotesinclass.Whileit'snotanactualplannerorcalendarAppifyoutakenotestostayorganizedthenEvermoteisforyou.ThemainthingaboutEvernateisthatallofyournotesareautomaticallysentintothecloud云储存平台上---andthenyoucanaccessthemfromanyweb-connectedcomputerviatheEvermoteApporawebbrowser.Evermotealsosupportaudioandphotonotes-ratherhandyifyouwanttorecordyourlectureortakephotosofanyprojectednotes.Butofcourseaskforpermissionfirst.WikipanionUseresearchdatabaseCanbeusedoniPhone/Pad/iPodtouchPricefreeWikipanionPlusfor$499or31.87yuanNowyoudon'tnecessarilyhavetogotoalibraryoranywherewithcomputerservicestodoresearchworkforyourpaperanymorE.Youcangetaccesstotheresearchdatabasesjustonyoursmartphoneortablet.WikipaniongivesyouasimplifiedversionofWikipediawithoutleavingoutanyofthesite'sextrafeatures.Thenormallinksthatyou'dseetoeachsectionofanarticlenolongeronthemainscreen.Insteadthere'sasmallicon图示影像locatedatthebottomoftheappwhichcanbeusedtoaccessallthesectionsofanarticlE.YoucanalsoopenthelinksinSafari苹果Safari浏览器.Accordingtothedevelopers'siteloadingWikipediapageswithWikipanionisalotfasterthanaccessingtheWikipediasitefromtheiPhone'sbrowses浏览器.TobehonestweagreE.ConqueringBilingualNewsListeningin7DaysUse:EnglishlearningapplicationCanbeusedon:iPhone/iPad/iPodtouchPriceForalimitedtimeyoucangettheAppforonly$0.99---halfpricE.StilllearningEnglishwithaworkbook?ifsoyouarebehindthetimes.Get21thCenturyNewspaper'snewiPhoneAppConqueringBilingualNewsListeningin7Days.WhenyoudownloadtheApponyouriPhoneyoucanlistentothehottestbilingualnewsselectedfromthenewspaper'sofficialwebsitewww.i2lst.cnandreadbynativespeakers.Userscanenjoytheaudiobilingualnewswithsynchronized同步的subtitlesandfantasticpictureswhileimmersed沉浸inanauthenticlanguageenvironment.WithasimpletapthesentenceyouchoosewillberepeateD.ConqueringBilingualNewsListeningin7DayshasrankedNo.1ontheChineseeducationApplist.ForalimitedtimeyoucangettheAppforonly$0.99---halfpricE.68.Thispassagemainlyaimsat_____A.advertisersB.travellersC.studentsD.teachers69.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.YoucangetthelastAppmentionedforonly$0.99----halfpricE.B.WikipanonisfreeofchargE.C.EvernotehasrankedNo.1ontheChineseeducationApplist.D.Allthesethreeprogramsareimaginary.70.Fromthepassageweknowthat________A.studentswouldstilltakeoutanotepadpencilandhighlightertotakenoteswithEvernoteB.withWikpanionyoucanrecordyourlectureortakephotosofthenotesC.accessingthe-WikipediasitefromtheiPhone'sbrowserisalotfasterthanloadingWikipediapageswithWikipanonD.withEvernoteallofyournotesareautomaticallysentintothecloud71.Whichisthebesttitle?A.HowtoBeaStudiousstudentB.TheInternetIsVeryImportantinOurLifeC.GadgetsMakeStudyFunD.It'sNecessarytoHaveaniPhone
- SmalldiscoveriesinIndonesiaarecausingastirinthescienceworlD.Researchershaveexcavatedtinybonesthattheybelievebelongtoanentirelynewhumanspecies.Ifthat’strueitwillchangehowwethinkaboutourancestors.CluesthatthelittlepeoplemayhavelivedlongagowerefirstissuedlastyearinthescientificjournalNaturE.Scientistssaidthattheyhadfoundthebonesofathree-foot-tallfemaleontheislandofFloresinIndonesiA.Whentheylookedmorecloselytheysawthatthenearlycompleteskeleton骨架belongedtoafull-grownadult.ResearchersnamedherHobbitafterthetinyheroesoftheLordoftheRingsbooks.Nowtheteamissayingithasexcavatedevenmorepiecesofthepuzzleincludingajawboneandpartsofarmslegsandhandsfromseveralindividualsaswellasstonetools.TheyreportedtheirfindinNaturethismonth.Thenewevidencemakesitveryclearthatthesepeopleareanewspeciesdistinctfrommodernhumans.PeterBrownascientistontheteamsaiD.TheynamedtheseancienthumansHomofloresiensis.Brownsaysthattheselittlepeoplelivedasrecentlyas12000yearsago.IfHomofloresiensiswasadifferentspeciesfrommodernhumansthatwouldmakeourfamilytreebiggerthanweknewItmeanssaysBrownthatuntilrecentlyarelativesharedtheplanetwithus.Manyscientiststhinkanewspeciesisunlikely.Somearguethatthebonesmusthavebelongedtomodernhumanswhosesmallsizewastheresultofageneticproblem.DanielE.LiebermanascientistatHarvardUniversitythinksthatthedebateoverthediscoveryishealthy.Hebelievesthatthequestionsandargumentsraisedbycriticswillhelpuslearnmoreabouttheseunusualskeletons.DisagreementisanimportantpartofthescientificprocessLiebermansaidAsfarasI’mconcernedthestory’sonlyjustbegun.68.ResearchersnametheskeletonHobbitbecause.A.itisafiguredescribedintheLordoftheRingsB.itresemblesthetinyheroesinasetofbooksC.itprovestobeafull-grownadultD.itbelongstoanancienthumanspecies69.SmalldiscoveriesinIndonesiaareimportantbecause.A.theyareissuedinthescientificjournalNatureB.theyaremadebyPeterBrownafamousscientistC.theyareaboutancestorsofmodernhumansD.theymightprovidenewevidenceforhumanstudy70.AccordingtoDanielE.Lieberman.A.Homofloresiensisdoesn’texistB.disagreementleadstofurtherresearchC.theresearchhasn’tbegunyetD.ourfamilytreeisbiggerthanweknow71.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.ComparisonBetweenDifferentPeoplesB.ArgumentsOverHumanOriginC.DiscoveryofaPossibleNewHumanSpeciesD.HistoryofIndonesianPeople
- HaveyouevernoticedwhenyoursweatdriesitwillleavemarksonyourT-shirt?Themarksaretinybitsofsalt.Ifyougototheseasideyouwillknowthatseawaterdoesthesametoyourclothesbecauseitalsohasalotofsaltinit.Waterevaporatesfromthesurfaceoftheseabutthesaltremains.Haveyoueverthoughtaboutwhethertheseaswillkeepgettingsaltier?Theanswerisno.Theoceanshavestayedatabout3.5percentsaltcontentforhundredsofmillionsofyears.Itkeepsaconstantlevelofsaltindifferentways.PickupaseashellandweighitinyourhanD.Itisheavy.Allanimalsneedsodiumtoliveandmostneedcalciumtobuildboneanshells.Theseashelllikeallseaanimalsgetsitssodiumandcalciumfromseawater.WhenanimalsdietheirsaltislockedupinbinsandshellswhichdroptothebottomoftheseA.Seawaterandrocksreactwitheachothernotjustinoneway.Seasaltnotonlyreactswithrocksbutalsoreactswiththerocksoftheoceancrust壳andvolcaniclavA.ThereactionstakesomeofthesaltinseawaterawayfromtheseA.TheouterhardcrustoftheearthismadeupofaboutadozenhardplatesthatdriftonveryhotsoftrocklikefloatingislandsonaseA.Theheatwithintheearthisnotthesameeverywhereandtheplatesmovebecauseoftheheat.WhenanoceanplateknocksintoalandplatethethinnerlandplatefloatsovertheoceanonE.TheoceanfloorgetspushedunderanditssaltyrocksshellsandbonesarelostdeepwithinEarth.Sothat’swhytheseasaresaltybutdon’tgetanysaltier.57.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordevaporatesinParagraph3mean?A.turnsintosteamB.turnsintoasolidC.turnsintofreshwaterD.turnsintoice58.Fromthepassagewecanknowtheseashells________.A.getsomemineralsfromseawaterB.takesomesaltfromseawhenseawaterreactswithrocksC.reactwithrocksoftheoceancrustwhenplatesmoveD.absorbsaltwhentheplatesmove59.Howmanyreasonsdoesthewritermentionwhytheoceansstayatabout3.5%saltcontent?A.2B.3C.4D.560.What’sthepurposeoftheauthortowritethetext?A.WarningB.InformingC.EntertainingD.Describing
- Scientistsaretryingtomakethedeserts沙漠intogoodlandagain.Theywanttobringwatertothedesertssopeoplecanliveandgrowfood.Theyarelearningalotaboutthedeserts.Butmoreandmoreoftheearthisbecomingdesertallthetime.Scientistsmaynotbeabletochangethedesertintime.WhyismoreandmorelandbecomingdesertScientiststhinkthatpeoplemakedeserts.Peoplearedoingbadthingstotheearth.Someplacesontheearthdon’tgetmuchrain.Buttheystilldon’tbecomedeserts.Thisisbecausesomegreenplantsaregrowingthere.Smallgreenplantsandgrassareveryimportanttodryplaces.Plantsdon’tletthesunmaketheearthevendrier.Plantsdonotletthewindblowthedirtaway.Whenabitofrainfallstheplantsholdthewater.Withoutplantsthelandcanbecomedesertmoreeasily.56.Deserts______.A.neverhaveanyplantsoranimalsinthemB.canallbeturnedintogoodlandbeforelongC.arebecomingsmallerandsmallerD.getverylittlewater57.Smallgreenplantsareveryimportanttodryplacesbecause.A.theydon’tletthesunmaketheearthevendrier.B.theydon’tletthewindblowthesoilaway.C.theyholdwaterD.Alloftheabove.58.Landisbecomingdesertlittlebylittlebecause.A.plantscan’tgrowthereB.thereisnotenoughrainC.peoplehaven’tdonewhatscientistswishthemtodoD.scientistsknowlittleaboutthedeserts59.Afterreadingthispassagewelearnthat.A.plantscankeepdrylandfrombecomingdesertB.itisgoodtogetridofthegrassinthedesertsC.allplaceswithoutmuchrainwillbecomedesertsD.itisbettertogrowcropsondrylandthantocutthem