Dolphins are interesting animals and researchers find them interesting to watch. They don’t have hands, but can use tools to solve problems, just like us. Scientists have observed a dolphin trying to get a shy eel(鳝鱼) to come out of its hole by poking(捅)it with a dead fish. Many species of dolphin live in large societies. They have many different relationships and need a good communication system; they use a variety of sounds to communicate with each other. There is currently no evidence that dolphins have a language of their own. But scientists still have a lot to find out about these animals and so there are certain to be a few surprises in the futurE. At Kewalo Basin Marine Laboratory in Hawaii, the dolphin team have developed a sign langue to communicate with the dolphins, and the results are amazing. Not only do the dolphins understand the meaning of individual words, they also understand the significance of word order in a sentencE. For example, when they were asked to ‘touch the ball with your tail and then jump over it’ they generally responded correctly and straight away, which showed that they understood the languE. Most mammals seem to enjoy play—but dolphins seems to like making their games as challenging as possiblE. On a beautiful day in 1997, researchers working at a beach, off the southern coast of Brazil, observed a little dog going into the sea and swimming towards the dolphins. To their surprise, the dolphins approached the dog and then started throwing it into the air. The dog seemed to enjoy the ‘game’ and continued playing with the dolphins for more than an hour. From then on, different dogs were seem trying to interact with the dolphins. Dolphins live in a very different world to ourselves, but they are very good at our ‘intelligence tests’. For example, they will jump out of the water when they hear a whistle noisE. They do this because they will get a fish as a rewarD. There is still much to learn about these flexible(灵活的)problem-solvers, but from the evidence so far, it would seem as though dolphins are very intelligent. 51. To get a shy eel to come out of its hole , a dolphin would poke it with____. A. a tool B. its tail C. a dead fish D. its mouth 52. At a laboratory in Hawaii, the dolphin team have developed a ____ to communicate with the dolphins. A. variety of sounds B. sign language C. special word order D. dolphin’s language 53. Dolphins not only understand the meaning of individual words, they also understand the importance of ______ in a sentencE. A. the subject B. the verbs C. the main structure D. word order 54. When they play, dolphins seems to like making their games as ______ as possiblE. A. difficult B. easy C. interesting D. relaxing 55. Dolphins will jump out of the water when they hear a whistle noise in order to _______. A. watch people B. breathe fresh air C. enjoy themselves D. get some food

Socialinsectsliveintheformofsocietieswhichinsomewaysaresimilartohumansocieties.Inbothtypesofsocietiesthereisadivisionoflabour.Ininsectsocietiescertaininsectshavethedutyofreproduction繁殖;theworkerscollectfoodwhilethesoldiersdefendthelanD.Inthesamewayhumangroupssuchasfarmersandshopkeepershavespecializedfunctions作用inproducinggoodsandprovidingservicestothesociety.Insectsandhumansocietiesarealsoalikeinthatindividual个体的membersofthesocietyworktogether.Whiteantworkersworktogethertobuildnests.Similarlyinhumansocietiesengineersarchitects建筑师townplannersandconstructionworkersunitetobuildcities.Thenestsofsocialinsectsareascomplex复杂的asaman-madecity.InsomeinsectnestsspecialplacesareprovidedfortheyoungandforfoodstoragE.ManynestsalsohavedevicesforregulatingthetemperaturE.Soinsectnestsareasfunctionalashumanhouses.Itisnotsurprisingthereforethatmanysimilaritieshavebeenmadebetweensocialinsectsandhumansocieties.ItmustnotbeforgottenhoweverthatinsectsocialbehaviorisdeterminedbynaturE.Insectsshownoabilityforlearningorfordevelopingasocialtraditionbasedonlearning.64.Mentionedinthepassagethefunctionsperformedbysocialinsectsare________.A.reproductioncollectingfoodandbuildingnestsetC.B.reproductionoffooddefendingthelandandbuildingnestsetC.C.producingfooddefendingthelandandnursingbabiesetC.D.reproductionoffoodprovidingservicesanddefendingthelandetC.65.Thesecondparagraphtellsusthat________.A.engineersarchitectstownplannersandconstructionworkersdon'thavetoworktogethertobuildacityB.whiteantworkersworktogetherinthesamewayasnursesdoC.inbothsocietiesthereissocialco-operation合作D.whiteantworkersuniteinordertodefendtheland66.Humanandinsectsocietiesaredifferentinthat________.A.differentgroupshavedifferenttraditionsB.insectsocialbehaviorisdeterminedbynaturewhilehumansocietieshavedevelopedasocialtraditionbasedonlearningC.humanbeingscanmakemanysimilaritiesD.humanbeingscanmakemachineswhileinsectscan't67.Themainideaofthispassageis________.A.thesimilaritiesbetweensocialinsectsandhumansocietiesB.thecomplexnestsofsocialinsectsC.thefunctionsperformedbysocialinsectsD.thecauseofinsectsocialbehavior

SuHuaisstudyingatCambridgeUK.Shehasboughtabicycleandisworriedaboutsecurity安全.HerfriendKatefoundthisarticleandsentittoher.IntroductionAlotofcrimeisagainstbicycles.About150000bicyclesarestoleneveryyearandmostareneverfounD.Youcanpreventthishappeningbyfollowingafewcarefulsteps.BasicSecurityDonotleaveyourbicycleinout-of-the-wayplaces.AlwayslockyourbicyclewhenyouleavE.Secureittolamppostsortrees.Takeoffsmallerpartsandtakethemwithyouforexamplelightsandsaddles车座.LocksGetagoodlock.Therearemanydifferenttypesintheshops.Buyonethathasbeentestedagainstattack.Askforarecommendationfromabikeshop.MarkingSecuritymarkingyourbikecanactasadeterrenttoathief.ItcanalsohelpthepolicefindyourbicyclE.Itshouldbeclearlywrittenandincludeyourpostcodeandyourhouseorflatnumber.ThiswillprovideasimplewaytoidentifyyourbicyclE.RegistrationThereareanumberofcompanieswhowillsecuritymarkyourbicycleforyou.TheywillthenputyourregistrationnumberandpersonaldetailsontheircomputerdatabasE.Thenifyourbicycleisfounditwillbeeasytocontactyou.FinallyKeeparecordofthebicycleyourself:itsmakemodelandregistrationnumber.Youcaneventakeaphotographofit.Thiswillprovethebicyclebelongstoyou.63.Whichpartofthetextgivesyouinformationonhowtolockupyourbicyclewhenyouleaveit?A.Locks.B.Marking.C.Registration.D.BasicSecurity.64.Theunderlinedphraseactasadeterrenttoathiefmeans______.A.helpyourecognizeyourbikeB.helpthepolicefindyourbicycleC.stopsomeonestealingyourbicycleD.stopyouworryingaboutyourbike65.Thearticleadvisesyoutokeeparecordofyourbicycle_______.A.inthebikeshopandyourcomputerB.inthepolicestationandasecuritycompanyC.inasecuritycompanyandyouruniversityD.byyourselfandinasecuritycompany66.Themainpurposeofthisarticleis_________.A.totellyouwhattodoifyourbicycleisstolenB.tosuggestwaysofkeepingyourbicyclesafeC.togiveyouadviceonwheretobuyagoodlockD.tosaywhyyoushouldn’tkeepyourbicycleinaquietplace

TalkingplantsmightsoundlikecharactersinafairytalE.Butrecentscientificstudieshaveshownthatplantscommunicatewitheachotherandwithotherlivingthingsinasurprisingnumberofways.TounderstandthemscientistssaywejusthavetolearntheirlanguagE.Farmersareespeciallyinterestedinwhatplantshavetosay.Plantsareabletocommunicatewithallsortsoforganisms有机体.Theycancommunicatewithgiantbacteriawithotherplantsandwithinsects.TheydothischemicallysaidCahillanEcologyProfessoroftheUniversityofAlbertainCanadA.Plantscientistsarejustbeginningtounderstandthischemicallanguage.Cahillsaysstudieshaveshownforexamplethatplantscanevaluateconditionsintheirimmediateenvironmentandtakeappropriateactions.Plantshaveanabilityforexampletosignalpainordiscomfortcausedbyanythingfromtemperatureextremestoaninsectattack.JackSchultzaprofessorofchemicalecologyattheUniversityofMissourisayswhenaplantsensesthatit’sbeingeatenitcannotwalkawayfromtrouble;onthecontraryitwillreleaseachemicalvaporthatalertsotherplantsnearby.TheirlanguageisachemicallanguageanditinvolveschemicalsthatmovethroughtheairthatareeasytobechangeableandmostofallaresmellsthatwearefamiliarwithSchultzexplaineD.AllplantsrespondedtotheattackbychangingtheirchemistrytodefendthemselvesSchultzrecalleD.Butwewerequitesurprisedtofindthatnearbyplantsalsochangedtheirchemistrytodefendthemselveseventhoughtheywerenotpartoftheexperiment.Studieshavealsoshownthatplantsunderattackreleasepleasantchemicals.Thosechemicalsattractfriendlyinsectsthatattackthepestseatingtheplant.Intheendplants’abilitytocommunicatetheirneeds---andourabilitytounderstandthem---couldhelpfarmersreducetheuseofpoisonouschemicalscutoperatingcostsandlimitdamagetotheenvironment.55.Therecentscientificstudieshaveshownthatplantscan______________.A.communicatewithotherlivingthingsinachemicalwayB.hardlyreacttoanysuddenchangeintemperatureC.useaveryspecialchemicallanguagewhichisfamiliartousD.respondtotheattackbygivingoffpoisonouschemicals56.Whenbeingeatenbyaninsecttheplantwill______________.A.walkawayfromtroubleB.changeitschemistrytokilltheinsectC.releaseachemicalvaportoaskotherplantsforhelpD.giveoffnicechemicalstoattractfriendlyinsectskillingthepest57.Theunderlinedwordalertmostprobablymeans______________.A.warnB.protectC.threatenD.allow58.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.CommunicationbetweenPlantsB.A.ChemicalLanguageC.PlantsCanTalkD.HowPlantsProtectThemselves

Whatdoweknowaboutsportphysiology生理学?☆Rowing:Theperfectmaleroweristallheavybutwithverylowbodyfatbroadshouldersandlongpowerfullimbs.Hisheartcanpump40litersofbloodaminutE.☆Shooting:PerfectshootershavealowheartratE.Withinsecondsoffiringtheycandroptheirheartrateby20beatsandfireexactlybetweenheartbeats.Pistolshootingalsoneedsstrongupperbodymuscles.☆Swimming:Theperfectswimmeristallwithverylonglimbsparticularlyarms.Top-classswimmershavebigfeet.Theyhavebighandstoactaspaddlesnarrowhipstoreducedragandbroadshouldersforarmpower.☆Sprinting:Theperfect100msprinteristallwithaunifiedbodyshapE.Topsprintershaveslimlowerlegsandrelativelynarrowhips.☆Gymnasts:Theperfectfemalegymnastissmallandslimwithahighstrengthtoweightratioandevenmuscles.Shehasanarrowbodyforsuperbbalanceandahighpowerhighcapacityenergysystem.☆Weightlifting:Theperfectweight-lifterhasastrongunifiedbodytypeandiswellmuscleD.Goodweightliftersarenottallandtendtohaverelativelyshortarmsandlegs.Theyhavecardiovascularsys-temsthatcanstandsuddenbloodpressureincreases.☆Marathonrunning:Theperfectmarathonrunnerhasalightframeslimlegsandisofsmalltomediumheight.TheyhaveaveryhighoxygenuptakE.60.Whichofthefollowingneedsstrongupperbodymuscles?A.Walking.B.Shooting.C.Sprinting.D.Marathonrunning.61.Whichofthefollowingpicturesismentionedinthepassage?62.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Theperfectmalerower'sheartcanpump40litersofbloodaminutE.B.Top-classswimmershavebigfeetbighandstoactaspaddlesandnarrowhips.C.Theperfect100msprinteristallwithaweakbodyandhasshortlegs.D.Theperfectfemalegymnastissmallandslimwithahighstrengthandmuscles.63.Thetextismainlyabout________.A.sporteventsB.sportrulesC.sportgamesD.sportphysiology

Nowinaworldpiledhighwithsmartphonestabletsande-readerstechnologyhasenteredtheclassroominwaysunimaginablE.Takingclassescanbefuntoo.A11youhavetodoisswipeyourfingersonyourphonescreenanddownloadsameAppswhichcanmakeyourstudymorefunandefficient.Balancingstudyandplayinacollegesettinghasneverbeeneasy----andwiththefollowingfewappsit'llbetoughtotellthetwoapart.EvernoteUse:note-takingCanbeusedonPhone/iPad/iPodtouchAndroidBlackBerryPalmOSandWindowsPhone7PricefreeIt'shardtoimaginethatwithallthemagicalgadgets新发明theeagerstudioustypeswouldstilltakeoutanotepadpencilandhighlighter-andtakenotesinclass.Whileit'snotanactualplannerorcalendarAppifyoutakenotestostayorganizedthenEvermoteisforyou.ThemainthingaboutEvernateisthatallofyournotesareautomaticallysentintothecloud云储存平台上---andthenyoucanaccessthemfromanyweb-connectedcomputerviatheEvermoteApporawebbrowser.Evermotealsosupportaudioandphotonotes-ratherhandyifyouwanttorecordyourlectureortakephotosofanyprojectednotes.Butofcourseaskforpermissionfirst.WikipanionUseresearchdatabaseCanbeusedoniPhone/Pad/iPodtouchPricefreeWikipanionPlusfor＄499or31.87yuanNowyoudon'tnecessarilyhavetogotoalibraryoranywherewithcomputerservicestodoresearchworkforyourpaperanymorE.Youcangetaccesstotheresearchdatabasesjustonyoursmartphoneortablet.WikipaniongivesyouasimplifiedversionofWikipediawithoutleavingoutanyofthesite'sextrafeatures.Thenormallinksthatyou'dseetoeachsectionofanarticlenolongeronthemainscreen.Insteadthere'sasmallicon图示影像locatedatthebottomoftheappwhichcanbeusedtoaccessallthesectionsofanarticlE.YoucanalsoopenthelinksinSafari苹果Safari浏览器.Accordingtothedevelopers'siteloadingWikipediapageswithWikipanionisalotfasterthanaccessingtheWikipediasitefromtheiPhone'sbrowses浏览器.TobehonestweagreE.ConqueringBilingualNewsListeningin7DaysUse:EnglishlearningapplicationCanbeusedon:iPhone/iPad/iPodtouchPriceForalimitedtimeyoucangettheAppforonly＄0.99---halfpricE.StilllearningEnglishwithaworkbook?ifsoyouarebehindthetimes.Get21thCenturyNewspaper'snewiPhoneAppConqueringBilingualNewsListeningin7Days.WhenyoudownloadtheApponyouriPhoneyoucanlistentothehottestbilingualnewsselectedfromthenewspaper'sofficialwebsitewww.i2lst.cnandreadbynativespeakers.Userscanenjoytheaudiobilingualnewswithsynchronized同步的subtitlesandfantasticpictureswhileimmersed沉浸inanauthenticlanguageenvironment.WithasimpletapthesentenceyouchoosewillberepeateD.ConqueringBilingualNewsListeningin7DayshasrankedNo.1ontheChineseeducationApplist.ForalimitedtimeyoucangettheAppforonly＄0.99---halfpricE.68.Thispassagemainlyaimsat_____A.advertisersB.travellersC.studentsD.teachers69.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.YoucangetthelastAppmentionedforonly＄0.99----halfpricE.B.WikipanonisfreeofchargE.C.EvernotehasrankedNo.1ontheChineseeducationApplist.D.Allthesethreeprogramsareimaginary.70.Fromthepassageweknowthat________A.studentswouldstilltakeoutanotepadpencilandhighlightertotakenoteswithEvernoteB.withWikpanionyoucanrecordyourlectureortakephotosofthenotesC.accessingthe-WikipediasitefromtheiPhone'sbrowserisalotfasterthanloadingWikipediapageswithWikipanonD.withEvernoteallofyournotesareautomaticallysentintothecloud71.Whichisthebesttitle?A.HowtoBeaStudiousstudentB.TheInternetIsVeryImportantinOurLifeC.GadgetsMakeStudyFunD.It'sNecessarytoHaveaniPhone

HaveyouevernoticedwhenyoursweatdriesitwillleavemarksonyourT-shirt?Themarksaretinybitsofsalt.Ifyougototheseasideyouwillknowthatseawaterdoesthesametoyourclothesbecauseitalsohasalotofsaltinit.Waterevaporatesfromthesurfaceoftheseabutthesaltremains.Haveyoueverthoughtaboutwhethertheseaswillkeepgettingsaltier?Theanswerisno.Theoceanshavestayedatabout3.5percentsaltcontentforhundredsofmillionsofyears.Itkeepsaconstantlevelofsaltindifferentways.PickupaseashellandweighitinyourhanD.Itisheavy.Allanimalsneedsodiumtoliveandmostneedcalciumtobuildboneanshells.Theseashelllikeallseaanimalsgetsitssodiumandcalciumfromseawater.WhenanimalsdietheirsaltislockedupinbinsandshellswhichdroptothebottomoftheseA.Seawaterandrocksreactwitheachothernotjustinoneway.Seasaltnotonlyreactswithrocksbutalsoreactswiththerocksoftheoceancrust壳andvolcaniclavA.ThereactionstakesomeofthesaltinseawaterawayfromtheseA.TheouterhardcrustoftheearthismadeupofaboutadozenhardplatesthatdriftonveryhotsoftrocklikefloatingislandsonaseA.Theheatwithintheearthisnotthesameeverywhereandtheplatesmovebecauseoftheheat.WhenanoceanplateknocksintoalandplatethethinnerlandplatefloatsovertheoceanonE.TheoceanfloorgetspushedunderanditssaltyrocksshellsandbonesarelostdeepwithinEarth.Sothat’swhytheseasaresaltybutdon’tgetanysaltier.57.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordevaporatesinParagraph3mean?A.turnsintosteamB.turnsintoasolidC.turnsintofreshwaterD.turnsintoice58.Fromthepassagewecanknowtheseashells________.A.getsomemineralsfromseawaterB.takesomesaltfromseawhenseawaterreactswithrocksC.reactwithrocksoftheoceancrustwhenplatesmoveD.absorbsaltwhentheplatesmove59.Howmanyreasonsdoesthewritermentionwhytheoceansstayatabout3.5％saltcontent?A.2B.3C.4D.560.What’sthepurposeoftheauthortowritethetext?A.WarningB.InformingC.EntertainingD.Describing

ThecoastoftheStateofMaineisoneofthemostirregularintheworlD.A.straightlinerunningfromthesouthernmostcoastalcitytothenorthernmostcoastalcitywouldmeasureabout225miles.Ifyoufollowedthecoastlinebetweenthesepointsyouwouldtravelmorethantentimesasfar.ThisirregularityistheresultofwhatiscalledadrownedcoastlinE.Thetermcomesfromtheglacial冰川的activityoftheIceAgE.AtthattimethewholeareathatisnowMainewaspartofamountainrangethattoweredabovetheseA.AstheglacierdescendedhoweveritappliedenormousforceonthosemountainsandtheysankintotheseA.AsthemountainssankoceanwaterchargedoverthelowestpartsoftheremaininglanD.Andthehighestpartsoftheformermountainrangenearesttheshoreremainedasislands.Marinefossilsfoundhereare225feetabovesealevelindicatingtheleveloftheshorelinepriortotheglacier.The2500-mile-longrockyandjaggedcoastlineofMainekeepswatchovernearly2000islands.Manyoftheseislandsaretinyanduninhabitedbutmanyarehometobloomingcommunities.Mt.DesertIslandisoneofthelargestmostbeautifuloftheMainecoastislandsleftbehindbytheglacier.Measuring16milesby12milesMt.Desertwasverynearlyformedastwodistinctislands.ItissplitalmostinhalfbySomesSoundaverydeepandverynarrowstretchofwatersevenmileslong.ForyearsMt.DesertIslandparticularlyitsmajorsettlementBarHarborhasaffordedsummerhomesforthewealthy.RecentlythoughBarHarborhasbecomeanewartscommunityaswell.ButthebestpartoftheislandistheunspoiledforestlandknownasAcadiaNationalPark.Sincetheislandsitsontheborderbetweentwodifferentgeographicalzonestheparksupportstheplantsandanimalsofbothzones.Italsoliesinamajorbirdmigrationlaneandisarestingspotformanybirds.TheestablishmentofAcadiaNationalparkin1916meansthatthisnaturalmonumentwillbepreservedandthatitwillbeavailabletoallpeoplenotjustthewealthy.VisitorstoAcadiamayreceivenatureinstructionfromtheparknaturalistsaswellasenjoycampinghikingcyclingandboating.OrtheymaychoosetospendtimeatthemuseumlearningabouttheStoneAgeinhabitantsoftheislanD.72.ThelargenumberofsmallislandsalongthecoastofMaineistheresultof__________.A.thedrowningoftheMainecoastlineB.glacier’sforcingmountainsintotheseaC.theirregularityoftheMainecoastlineD.oceanwater’sfloodingthemountainrange73.Fromthepassagewelearnthat__________.A.thecoastlineofMaineistentimeslongeraftertheIceAgeB.therearemorethan2500islandsalongtheMainecoastlineC.Mt.DesertIslandhasbeenbrokenapartbya7-mile-longwaterstretchD.anartscommunitygavewaytothesummerhomesonMt.DesertIsland74.WhatCANNOTbeinferredabouttheAcadiaNationPark?A.Itwelcomesallthepeoplerichorpoor.B.Ithasmuchappealforbird-watchinglovers.C.Itoffersvisitorsbothentertainmentandeducation.D.Itisaborderbetweenthetwogeographicalzones.75.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.ThepastandthepresentofMaineB.TheformationofMainecoastlineC.EffortsforpreservingnationalparksD.TouristattractionsonMt.DesertIsland

Dr.SylviaEarlewantsyoutostopeatingfish.It’snotbecausefishareendangeredthoughwildfishstocksinmanyoceansareverylow.It’snotbecausethey'rebadforyouthoughfishinmanyareasareexposedtopoisonoussubstancesinthewater.It’sbecausethey’resmart.Fisharesensitivetheyhavepersonalitiessaysthemarinebiologist.ForEarleeatingafishwouldbelikeeatingadogoracat.IwouldnevereatanyoneIknowpersonally.There’salotmoretofishthanmeetstheeye:theytalktoeachothertheyliketobetouchedandtheyengageinbehaviorthatcanseemveryhuman.Theycanrememberthingsandlearnfromexperience.Earleandagrowingnumberofanimalrightsactivistsseetheseasstrongargumentsagainsteatingfishaltogether.Theactivistsalsopointoutthatfishfeelpainandfishsufferhorriblyontheirwayfromtheseatothesupermarket.WhileitmayseemobviousthatfishareabletofeelpainlikeeveryotheranimalsomepeoplethinkoffishasswimmingvegetablessaysDr.LynneSneddon.Reallyit’skindofamoralquestion.Istheenjoymentyougetfromfishingoreatingfishmoreimportantthanthepainofthefish?Fishermenandfriedfishloversaredoubtful.I'veneverseenasmartfishsaysMarieSwaringenasshefinishesaplateoffishataSeattleseafoodrestaurant.Iftheywereverysmarttheywouldn'tgetcaught.Foryearseveryone’sbeentellingustoeatfishbecauseit’ssogoodforussaysanotherdiner.‘NowI.’vegottofeelguiltywhileI.’meatingmyfish?Whataretheygoingtothinkofnext?Don’teatsaladbecausecucumbershavefeelings?64.Dr.SylviaEarlediscouragepeoplefromeatingfishbecause________.A.therearenotthatmanywildfishintheoceanB.fishactuallyaresensitiveandhavepersonalitiesC.someoceanfishcontainpoisonoussubstancesD.fisharelikedogsorcatsthatpeopleknowpersonally65.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_______.A.allpeopledon’tagreewiththeideatostopeatingfishB.peoplewillbepersuadednottoeatfishinthefutureC.stoppingeatingfishwillleadtopeople’snoteatingvegetablesD.weshouldn’tcaretoomuchaboutthefeelingoffish66.BysayingThere’salotmoretofishthanmeetstheeyethewritermeans__________.A.therearefarmorefishthanotheranimalsintheworldB.therearemorefishintheworldthanpeoplecanseeC.peoplecanseemorefishiftheypaymoreattentionD.fisharenotthatsimpleastheyappeartopeople’seyes

衡阳市八中2008届高三模拟试题C.篇Desertantsontheirexpeditionsforfoodusecluestoleadthemselvesinthehomewarddirectionbutwithfewlandmarksinthepoorlandscientistshavewonderedhowtheinsectsalwaystakethemostdirectrouteandknowexactlyhowfartomarch.ThenewstudyshowsthatcountingtheirstepsisanimportantpartoftheschemE.OvertheyearsscientistshaveproposedseveraltheoriesforhowantsfindtheirwayhomE.Oneisthattheydoitlikehoneybeesandremembervisualcluesbutexperimentsshowedantscantravelinthedark.Anothertheoryisthatbecauseantsrunatasteadypacetheycouldtimehowlongittookthemtogettoandfro.Otherstudieshaveshownthatonceantsfindagoodsourceoffoodtheyteachotherantshowtofindit.Theantpedometertechniquewasfirstproposedin1904butitremaineduntesteduntilnow.Scientiststraineddesertantstowalkalongastraightpathfromtheirnestentrancetoafeeder30feetaway.Ifthenestorfeederwasmovedtheantswouldbreakfromtheirstraightpathafterreachingtheexpectedspotandsearchfortheirgoal.Trythatonstilts.Theygluedstilt-likeextentionstothelegsofsomeantstolengthenstridE.Theresearchersshortenedotherants’stridelengthbycuttingofftheants’feetandlowerlegsreducingtheirlegstostumps.Theantsonstiltstooktherightnumberofstepsbutbecauseoftheirincreasedstridelengthmarchedpasttheirgoal.Stump-leggedantsmeanwhilefellshortofthegoal.Aftergettingusedtotheirnewlegstheantswereabletoadjusttheirpedometer.64.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Ants’marchingdependsoncountingtheirstepsB.DesertantsknowhowtolookforfoodC.Thesecretforants’marchingisknowntoallD.Antsknowhowfartheirfoodis65.Apartfromcountingtheirstepshowcanantsfindtheirway?A.BysmellingB.BycommunicatingC.ByhearingD.Byrecognisingwind66.Abouttheantpedometerweknowthat______.A.thetechniqueisarecentdiscoveryB.antsalwayswalkalongastraightpathC.antsoftenchangetheirnesttokeepthepedometerD.thepedometerneedschangingdependingonnewsituations67.Accordingtothepassagethestump-leggedants_______.A.havelongerlegsthanonesonstiltsB.havelongerlegsthanthecommononesC.needmorestepstoreachtheirgoalD.canarriveattheirgoalasusual

You'veheardofthefatsuitandthepregnancysuitnowmeetAGNES—theoldpersonsuit.AGNESstandsforAgeGainNowEmpathy换位体验SystemandwasdesignedbyresearchersatMIT'sAgeLabtoletyouknowwhatitfeelslike—physically—tobe75yearsold.ThebusinessofoldagedemandsnewtoolssaidJosephCoughlindirectoroftheAgeLab.Whilefocusgroupsandobservationsandsurveyscanhelpyouunderstandwhattheolderconsumerneedsandwantsyoungmarketersnevergetthat‘Ahha!’momentofhavingdifficultyopeningajarorgettinginandoutofacar.That’swhatAGNESprovides.Coughlinandhisteamcarefullyadjustedthesuittomakethewearerjustasuncomfortableasanoldpersonwhohasspentalifetimeeatingpoorlyandnotdoingmuchexercise.Specialshoesprovideafeelingofimbalancewhilebracesonthekneesandelbowslimitjointmobility.Glovesgivethefeelingofdecreasedstrengthandmobilityinthehandsandwristsandearplugsmakeitdifficulttohearhigh—pitchedsoundsandsofttones.Ahelmetwithstraps带attachedtoitpressesthespine脊柱andmorestrapsattachedtotheshoesdecreasehamstringflexibilityandshortensthewearer'sstep.AGNEShasbeenusedmostrecentlybyagroupofstudentsworkingonadesignofanupdatedwalker.Bywearingthesuittheycouldseeforthemselveswhatdesignandmaterialswouldmakethemostsenseforaphysicallylimitedolderperson.Coughlinsaidthesuithasalsobeenusedbyclothingcompaniescarcompaniesandretailgoodscompaniestohelpthemunderstandthelimitationsofanolderconsumer.AGNESisnotthedestinyofeverybodyhesaid.Sheisabadlybehavedladywhodidn'teatandexerciseverywell.Asecondarybenefitwe’vefoundwithAGNESisthatithasbecomeapowerfultooltogetyoungerpeopletoinvestintheirlong-termhealth.71.AGNEShasbeendevelopedto______.A.maketheusersmorecomfortableB.1etusunderstandoldpeoplebetterC.helpoldpeoplemovemorequicklyD.producenewtoolsfortheold-agebusiness72.Accordingtothearticleyoungmarketersnever.A.feelthesamewayasoldpeopledoB.seetheeffortsoldpeoplemakeC.askwhatoldpeopleneedandwantD.sayAhha!whentheymeetwithdifficulty73.The3rdparagraphmainlytellsabout.A.howtheAGNESwearerfeelsB.howAGNEShasbeendevelopedC.howoldpeopleactD.howAGNESworks74.Anupdatedwalkerunderlinedmostlikelyrefersto.A.someonewhotravelsalotB.aphysicallylimitedoldpersonC.someequipmentthathelpsoldpeoplewalkD.acompanywhoseserviceinvolvesoldpeople75.WhichmaybeafactresultingfromthesecondarybenefitofAGNES?A.Youngpeoplerespectoldpeople.B.Old-agebusinessimprovestheirservice·C.Oldpeopleeatandexercisewell.D.Youngpeopleeatandexercisewell.

Haveyoueveraskedyourselfwhyyouhavetwoeyesinsteadofonethreeorevenhundredsassomeinsectshave?Haveyouwonderedwhyyoureyesaresetclosetogetheronthefrontofyourfaceratherthanonthesidesofyourheadasonanimalslikerabbitsantelopesandhorses?Thereasonsaresimple—andimportanttothewayyouseetherestofyourworlD.Youreyesareliketwosmallcameras.A.cameracatchesanimageofanobjectandrecordsthisimageinminiatureonasmallpieceoffilm.Similarlywhenyoulookatsomethingeacheyetakesinwhatitseesandsendsthisimagetothebackoftheeyeball.Fromeacheyeanopticnervethensendstheimagetothebrain.Becauseyoureyesaresetclosetogethertheyviewtheworldfromaboutthesameheightbutfromslightlydifferentangles.Whileyourrighteyeseesanobjectalittletotherightyourlefteyeseesthesameobjectslightlytotheleft.WorkingasateamtheeyessendtheimagestothepartofyourbraincalledthecerebralcortexwhichcombinesthemintoasinglecenteredimagE.Seeingwithtwoeyesworkingtogetheriscalledstereoscopicvision.Thisallowsyoutoviewtheworldinthreedimensionsor3-D.Thesedimensionsareheightwidthanddepth.SensingdepthallowsyoutojudgethedistancebetweenyouandtheobjectsyouseE.Italsohelpsyoutoadjusttothechangingangleatwhichyouseesomethingasyoumoveclosertoorfartherawayfromit.Asyouwalkalongasidewalkforexampleseeinginstereohelpsyoutoknowhowcloseyouaretothestreethowfaryouneedtowalktoarriveatacertainbuildingandhowcloseyouaretosteppingonarockorapieceofglass.AsyourbodymovesyoureyesgiveyouacontinualflowofinformationaboutwherethingsareinrelationtowhereyouarE.Ifimagesarecomingfromonlyoneeyehoweveronlytwoofthesedimensions-heightandwidth-canbesenseD.A.worldseenwithoneeyeisthustwo-dimensionalasinaphotograph.Thesenseofdepthislackingmakingitmoredifficulttomovearoundsafely.NowconsiderwhyyourtwoeyesarelocatedonthefrontofyourfacE.Thinkofotheranimalswiththissamearrangement.Someexamplesarelionswolvesandowls.Whatdothesecreatureshaveincommon?Theyareallanimalsthathunt.Theseanimalshaveeyesfacingdirectlyinfrontofthem.Thisprovidesafieldofvisionthatisabout180degreeswidelikeahalf-circlE.Thiskindofsightiscalledbinocularvision.OntheotherhandanimalsthatarehuntedhaveeyesonthesidesoftheheaD.Thisprovidesnearlya360-degreefieldofvision.BecausetheseanimalsneedtodereadytorunatanymomentinordertostayalivetheyneedtoseethingscomingfromthesidesandfrombehinD.Howeverwithoutstereoscopicvisiontheseanimalshaveamoredifficulttimedetermininghowfarawayathreatis.64.Whichclaimfromthearticleisleastsupportedbyfactualevidence?A.Youreyesareliketwosmallcameras.B.Ifyouthinkitwouldbegreattohaveanothertypeofvision...thinkagain!C.Thisallowsyoutoviewtheworldinthreedimensionsor3-D.D.OntheotherhandanimalsthatarehuntedhaveeyesonthesidesoftheheaD.65.Thisarticlewouldmostlikelybefoundina______.A.textbookaboutanimalbehaviorB.popularscienceorhealthmagazineC.professionalmagazinefordoctorsD.newspaper’slocalnewssection66.Theauthorofthispassageconcludesthatseeinginstereo______.A.isanabilityhumansarefortunatetohaveB.helpspeopletohavebettervisionthananimalshaveC.wouldbebetterifitallowedforawiderfieldofvisionD.issimilartothewaycameraswork

CertainanimalsandplantsdevelopcharacteristicsthathelpthemdealwiththeirenvironmentbetterthanothersoftheirkinD.Thisnaturalbiologicalprocessiscalledadaptation.Amongthesuperiorcharacteristicsdevelopedthroughadaptationarethosethatmayhelpingettingfoodorshelterinprovidingprotectionandinproducingandprotectingtheyoung.Thatresultsinthegradualdevelopmentofmoreandmoreorganismssmalllivingthingsthatarebetterfittedtotheirenvironments.Eachlivingthingisadaptedtoitswayoflifeinageneralwaybuteachisadaptedespeciallytoitsowndistinctclasskind.A.plantforexampledependsuponitsrootstofixitselffirmlyandtoabsorbwaterandinorganicchemicals无机化学物.Itdependsuponitsgreenleavesforusingthesun'senergytomakefoodfrominorganicchemicals.Thesearegeneraladaptationscommontomostplants.InadditiontherearespecialadaptationsthatonlycertainkindsofplantshavE.Manyanimalshaveadaptationsthathelpthemescapefromtheirenemies.Someinsectsarehiddenbytheirbodycolororshapeandmanylooklikealeaforalittlebranch.Thecoatsofdeerarecoloredtomixwiththesurroundings.Manyanimalshavetheabilitytoremaincompletelystillwhenanenemyisnear.Organismshaveagreatvarietyofwaysofadapting.Theymayadaptintheirstructurefunctionandgenetics;intheirdevelopmentandproductionoftheyoung;andinotherrespects.Anorganismmaycreateitswonenvironmentasdowarm-bloodedmammalswhichhavetheabilitytoadjustbodyheatexactlytomaintaintheiridealtemperaturedespitechangingweather.Usuallyadaptationsareanadvantagebutsometimesanorganismissowelladaptedtoaparticularenvironmentthatifconditionschangeitfindsitdifficultorimpossibletoreadapttothenewconditions.40.Someplantsandanimalsdevelopsuperiorcharacteristicssothattheymay.A.helpothersoftheirkindgetfoodshelterandotherthingsneededB.surviveeveninextremelysevereconditionsC.becomebetteradaptedtotheenvironmentsthanothersoftheirkindD.resultintheevolutionandproductionofmoreintelligentorganisms41.Inthefirstparagraphthewordenvironmentscouldbestbereplacedby.A.contextsB.surroundingsC.neighborsD.enemies42.Itcanbeinferredfromthispassagethatthefeathersofabirdarecolored.A.tofrighteneditsenemies.B.toattractitsenemiesC.toadjustitsbodyheatD.tomatchitsenvironment43.Whichofthefollowingisnotdirectlymentioned?A.A.livingthingmayadaptinitsstructurE.B.Anorganismmayadaptinitsfunction.C.A.livingcreaturemayadaptinitsgeneticmakeup.D.A.livingorganismmayadaptinitssleepinghabit.

You’veheardofthefatsuitandthepregnancysuit;nowmeetAGNES—theoldpersonsuit.AGNESstandsforAgeGainNowEmpathySystemandwasdesignedbyresearchersatMIT’sAgeLabtoletyouknowwhatitfeelslike—physically—tobe75yearsolD.ThebusinessofoldagedemandsnewtoolssaidJosephCoughlindirectoroftheAgeLaB.Whilefocusgroupsandobservationsandsurveyscanhelpyouunderstandwhattheolderconsumerneedsandwantsyoungmarketersnevergetthat‘Ahha!’momentofhavingdifficultyopeningajarorgettinginandoutofacar.That’swhatAGNESprovides.CoughlinandhisteamcarefullyadjustedthesuittomakethewearerjustasuncomfortableasanoldpersonwhohasspentalifetimeeatingpoorlyandnotdoingmuchexercisE.Specialshoesprovideafeelingofimbalancewhilebracesonthekneesandelbowslimitjointmobility机动性.Glovesgivethefeelingofdecreasedstrengthandmobilityinthehandsandwristsandearplugsmakeitdifficulttohearhigh-pitchedsoundsandsofttones.A.helmetwithstraps带attachedtoitpressesthespine脊柱andmorestrapsattachedtotheshoesdecreasehamstringflexibilityandshortenthewearer’sstep.AGNEShasbeenusedmostrecentlybyagroupofstudentsworkingonadesignofanupdatedwalker.Bywearingthesuittheycouldseeforthemselveswhatdesignandmaterialswouldmakethemostsenseforaphysicallylimitedolderperson.Coughlinsaidthesuithasalsobeenusedbyclothingcompaniescarcompaniesandretailgoodscompaniestohelpthemunderstandthelimitationsofanolderconsumer.AGNESisnotthedestiny天命ofeverybodyCoughlinsaiD.Sheisabadlybehavedladywhodidn’teatandexerciseverywell.A.secondarybenefitwe’vefoundwithAGNESisthatithasbecomeapowerfultooltogetyoungerpeopletoinvestintheirlong-termhealth.56.AGNESissupposedto_____.A.maketheusersmorecomfortableB.letusunderstandoldpeoplebetterC.helpoldpeoplemovemorequicklyD.producenewtoolsfortheold-agebusiness57.Accordingtothetextyoungmarketersnever_____.A.askwhatoldpeopleneedandwantB.seetheeffortsoldpeoplemakeC.feelthesamewayasoldpeopledoD.sayAhha!whentheymeetwithdifficulty58.The3rdparagraphmainlytellsabout_____.A.howadvancedAGNESisB.howAGNEShasbeendevelopedC.howoldpeopleactD.howAGNESworks59.Theunderlinedphraseanupdatedwalkermostlikelyrefersto_____.A.anewkindofsuitthathelpspeoplerelaxB.aphysicallylimitedoldpersonC.someequipmentthathelpsoldpeoplegetaroundD.acompanywhichservesoldpeople60.WhichmightbeafactresultingfromthesecondarybenefitofAGNES?A.YoungpeoplerespectoldpeoplemorE.B.Old-agebusinessesimprovetheirservicE.C.Oldpeopleeatandexercisewell.D.Youngpeopleeatandexercisewell.

Whatdoyouknowaboutthesea?Weknowthatitlooksveryprettywhenthesunisshiningonit.WealsoknowthatitcanbeveryroughwhenthereisastrongwinD.Whatotherthingsdoweknowaboutit?Thefirstthingtorememberisthattheseaisverybig.WhenyoulookatthemapoftheworldyouwillfindthereismorewaterthanlanD.TheseacoversthreequartersoftheworlD.Theseaisalsoverydeepinsomeplaces.ItisnotdeepeverywherE.Somepartsoftheseaareveryshallow.Butinsomeplacesthedepthoftheseaisverygreat.ThereisonespotnearJapanwheretheseaisnearly11kilometersdeep!Thehighestmountainintheworldisabout9kilometershigh.Ifthatmountainwereputintotheseaatthatplacetherewouldbe2kilometersofwateraboveit!Whatadeepplace!Ifyouhaveswumintheseayouknowthatitissalty.Youcantastethesalt.RiverswhichflowintotheseacarrysaltfromthelandintotheseA.Somepartsoftheseaaresaltierthanotherparts.ThereisoneseacalledtheDeadSeawhichisverysalty.Itissosaltythatswimmerscannotsink!FishcannotliveintheDeadSea!Inmostpartsoftheseathereareplentyoffishandplants.SomelivenearthetopoftheseA.Otherslivedeepdown.TherearealsomillionsoftinylivingthingsthatfloatintheseA.Thesefloatingthingsaresosmallthatitishardtoseethem.Manyfishlivebyeatingthesefloatingthings.TheseacanbeverycolD.Diverswhogodeepdownintheseaknowthis.Onthetopthewatermaybewarm.Whenthedivergoesdownwardstheseabecomescolderandcolder.Anotherthinghappens.Whenthedivergoesdeeperthewaterabovepressesdownonhim.Itsqueezeshim.Thenthediverhastowearclothesmadeofmetal.Buthecannotgoverydeep.Somepeoplewhowantedtogoverydeepusedaverystrongdivingship!Theywentdowntothedeepestpartoftheseainit.Theywentdowntoadepthofelevenkilometers!66.Whendoesthesealookbeautiful?A.Whenitiscalm.B.WhentheweatherisfinE.C.WhenthereisastrongwinD.D.Whenthereisastorm.67.Howmuchoftheearth’ssurfacedoeslandcover?A.15%B.25%C.30%D.45%68.WhydoestheauthormentiontheseasomewherenearJapan?A.Toshowthattheseainsomeplacesisverydeep.B.Toshowthattheseainsomeplacesisveryshallow.C.Toshowthatitsdepthis9kilometersgreaterthantheheightofthehighestmountain.D.Toshowthatitsdepthis11kilometersgreaterthantheheightofthehighestmountain.69.WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheDeadSeaisNOTtrue?A.Thereareplentyoffishinit.B.Itisasafeplaceforswimmers.C.Itisextremelysalty.D.Nofishcanbefoundinit.70.Whycan’tpeoplegoverydeepinthesea?A.BecausethedeepestpartoftheseaisverycolD.B.Becausethedeepestpartoftheseaisveryrough.C.BecausethepressureofthewateratgreatdepthsisunendurablE.D.BecausefiercefishusuallylivetherE.

Everwonderhowmuchacloudweighs?Whataboutahurricane?A.meteorologisthasdonesomeestimatesandtheresultsmightsurpriseyou.Let'sstartwithaverysimplewhitepuffycloud—acumuluscloud积云.Howmuchdoesthewaterinacumuluscloudweigh?PeggyLeMoneseniorscientistattheNationalCenterforAtmosphericResearchinBoulderColoradodidthenumbers.Thewaterinthelittlecloudweighsabout550tonsshecalculates.Orifyouwanttoconvertittosomethingthatmightbealittlemoremeaningfulthinkofelephants.Thethoughtofahundredelephants-worthofwatersuspendedintheskybegsanotherquestion—whatkeepsitupthere?Firstofallthewaterisn'tinelephantsizedparticles微粒it'sintinytinytinyparticlesexplainsLeMonE.Andthoseparticlesfloatonthewarmerairthat'srisingbelow.ButstilltheconceptofsomuchwaterfloatingintheskywassurprisingeventoameteorologistlikeLeMonE.IhadnoideahowmuchacloudwouldweighactuallywhenIstartedthecalculationsshesays.Sohowmanyelephantunitsofwaterareinsideabigstormcloud—10timesbiggerallthewayaroundthanthepuffycumuluscloud?AgainLeMonedidthenumbers:About200000elephants.NowratchetupthecalculationsforahurricaneaboutthesizeofMissouriandthefiguresgetreallymassivE.Whatwe'redoingisweighingthewaterinonecubicmetertheoreticallypulledfromacloudandthenmultiplyingbythenumberofmetersinawholehurricanesheexplains.Theresult?Fortymillionelephants.Thatmeansthewaterinonehurricaneweighsmorethanalltheelephantsontheplanet.Perhapsevenmorethanalltheelephantsthathaveeverlivedontheplanet.67.TheweightofisNOTmentionedinthepassagE.A.acumuluscloudB.atornadoC.ahurricaneD.astormcloud68.HowdidPeggyLeMonefeelabouttheresultofhercalculations?A.Shefounditnotconvincing.B.Shethoughtitneededfurthercalculations.C.Shewasquitesurprisedatit.D.SheconsideredthecalculationsinaccuratE.69.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Astormcloudweighsabout200000elephants.B.ThewaterinahurricaneweighsmorethanthatinanyotherkindofclouD.C.Therearelessthanfortymillionelephantslivingontheearth.D.Thewaterinthecloudisinverytinypartials.70.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowMuchaCloudWeighsB.HowMuchaHurricaneWeighsC.SurprisingResultsD.ElephantsintheSky

HighSpeedBookScannerSimplyturningpagesofabookquicklymaynotseemlikethebestwaytoscanit.A.JapaneseresearchgroupatTokyoUniversityhascreatednewsoftwarethatallowshundredsofpagestobescannedwithinminutes.ScanningtextisnormallyaboringprocesswitheachpagehavingtobeinsertedintoascannerbuttheteamledbyProfessorMasatoshiIshikawausesahighspeedcamerathattakes500picturesasecondtoscanpagesastheyareturnedbyworkers.NormalscannerscanonlyscantheinformationthatisactuallybeforethemonthepagE.Thishighspeedbookscannerusesacamerathatcapturespagesat1000fpsastheyareturneD.A.systembuiltinallowsittoautomaticallycorrectanychangestothetextduetothepagebendingaswellaslightdifferencesduetoshadows.IttakesashotoftheshapethenitcalculatestheshapeandusesthosecalculationstofilmthescanningIshikawasaidexplainingthesystemusedtoreconstructtheoriginalpagE.Thecurrentsystemisabletoscananaverage250-pagebookinalittleover60secondsusingbasiccomputerhardwarE.Whileitnowrequiresextratimetoprocessthescannedimages影像theresearchershopetoeventuallymakethetechnologybothfasterandmuchsmaller.Inthemoredistantfutureonceitbecomespossibletoputallofthisprocessingononechip芯片andthenputthatinaniPadoriPodonecouldscanjustusingthatchip.AtthatpointitbecomespossibletoscansomethingquicklytosaveforlaterreadingIshikawasaiD.BeingabletoscanbookswithaniPhonemaybefurtheroffbutIshikawasaysthatacommercialversionofthelarge-scalecomputerbasedscanningsystemcouldbeavailableintwoorthreeyears.Whilethetechnologyhasthepotentialtotakepaperbooksintothedigitalageitremainstobehowpublisherswillreacttopeoplescanningtheirbookswhilejustturningpagesquickly.63.Accordingtothepassagetheadvantageofthenewscanningsoftwareisthat______.A.thereisnoneedtoscaneverypageB.itcanworkmuchmoreeffectivelyC.nomanpowerisneededinoperatingthescannerD.itcanmakethescanningprocessmoreinteresting64.AccordingtoIshikawathescannerworksby_____.A.changingtheshapeoftheimagesB.reducingthesizeoftheimagesC.reconstructingtheoriginalpageD.scanningseveralpagesatthesametime65.WhatisIshikawa’sattitudetowardsthedevelopmentofthescanningsystem?A.OptimistiC.B.Uncertain.C.Disapproving.D.Cautious.66.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentencemean?A.Peoplewillgetanybooktheylikemoreeasily.B.PublisherswillrefusetocommentonthenewsoftwarE.C.PublisherswillprobablynotwelcomethenewsoftwarE.D.Peoplewon’tneedtobuybooksanymorewithaniPhonE.

Doyouknowthatyoucanuseyourwatchascompass指南针onasunnyday?Lookatthewatchwhichisonyourhandandpointthehourhandinthedirectionofthesun.ImaginealinewhichrunsfromthecenterofthewatchthroughapointhalfwaybetweenthehourhandandnumberonE.Thislinewillpointsouth.Inthenorthernhalfoftheearththesunisinthesouthatnoon.Inourcountrytherealnoonisoneo’clock.Ifatthattimewepointthehourhandatthesunthehourhandandnumberonewillpointsouth.That’swhyyoumustimaginealinewhichwillrunfromthecenterofthewatchthroughapointhalfwaybetweenthehourhandandnumberonE.Itwillpointsouth.Ifyouareinthesouthernpartofourplanetyoumustpointnumber12atthesun.Thelinewhichyoucanimaginebetweennumbertwelveandthehourhandwillthenshownorth.76.Thesunisinthesouthatnoon.A.inanycountryintheworldB.inthenorthoftheequatorC.inthesouthoftheglobeD.insomenorthernplacesoftheearth77.Inthenorthernhalfoftheearthifwepointthehourhandatthesunatoneo’clockthen.A.theminutehandshowsnorthB.thehourhandshowsnorthC.numberoneshowsnorthD.numbertwelveshowsnorth78.Ifthepeopleinthesouthernpartoftheearthpoint12atthesunat5o’clocktheminutehandshows.A.westbynorthB.northbywestC.northbyeastD.eastbynorth79.Whatdoyouthinkofthestory?A.It’sinteresting.Butsometimesitdoesn’twork.B.It’simpossiblE.Idon’tlikeit.C.It’suseful.Butitisn’tinteresting.D.It’sgreat.Butitisn’thelpful.

YouarestandinginthekitchenandavoicesaysAddalittlemoresalttothatsoup.Yesit’salwaysnicetohavesomeonehelpyouwhenyou’recooking.Butthisvoiceisnotfromaman.Youarealone!Thenwheredoesitcomefrom?Isitfromaghost?Nothisisn’taghostkitchen—it’sthekitchenofthefuturE.Scientistsareworkingtoimproveeverythinginthekitchenfromfridgestotablesandeventhewayswecook.Theyaremakingasystem.Itwillhelpapersoncookameal.Youdon’tneedcookbooks.YoucanhearhowtocookfooD.Thefridgeofthesmartkitchenhasascanner.ItlooksatthefoodsinthefridgE.ItwillordermoremilkfromthestorewhenyourmilkhasgonebadorthereisnomoreinthefridgE.ThegloveswilltestthetemperatureofeverythingtheytouchandsayNeedtocooklongerorHotandreadytoeat.Ifyouleavethemonthestovebymistakethey’llsayFire!Eventheknivesandspoonswillspeak.Forexampleifyourfoodisbadtheknivesandspoonswilltellyounottoeatit.Thefuturekitchenmaylookwonderfulbutit’snotcheap.Themultimediafridgecostsabout8000dollars.Soeventhoughhigh-techkitchensarenolongeradreamnoteveryonecanaffordonE.67.Inthekitchenofthefuturethereisa______helpingyou.A.systemB.manC.ghostD.servant68.Inthefutureyoucancookby______.A.readingB.hearingC.learningD.looking69.Thefridgeofthesmartkitchenhasascanneranditcan______.A.helpyoudoeverythingB.cleanthefridgewhenit’sdirtyC.giveyouawarningwhenthere’ssomethingwrongD.talkwithyou70.Fromthepassageweknowthat______.A.everybodycanbuysuchafridgeB.noteverybodycanbuysuchafridgeC.nobodycanbuysuchafridgeD.mostpeoplecanbuysuchafridge

AllEskimoslivemostoftheirlivesclosetoseaorfreshwater.Theymayfollowgameinlandforseveralhundredmilesbuttheyalwaysreturntotheshoresofriverslakesorseas.Eskimolandhasabarelook.LargerockspebblesandsandcovermuchofthesurfacE.Plantscalledlichen地衣growontherocksandwherethereisenoughsoilgrassflowersandevensmallbushesmanagetolivE.NotreescangrowonEskimolandsogeographerssometimescallittheArcticplains.TherearesomeanimalsinEskimolandsuchasrabbitswhicheattheplants.Otheranimalslikethewhitefoxandthegraywolfeattherabbits.TheEskimoisameat－eatertooandmayeveneatawolfwhenfoodisscarcE.TheEskimoyearhastwomainpartsAlongcoldwinterandashortcoolsummer.SpringandfallarealmosttooshorttobenoticeD.Summeristhebesttimeasfoodisusuallyplentiful.ButitisalsothetimewhenEskimosareverybusy.Winterisneverfarawayandthemenmustbringhomeextrameatforthewomentoprepareandstoreforseldomcanenoughanimalsbekilledinwintertofeedafamily.TheFarNorthissometimescalledthelandofthemidnightsun.ThisistrueinthemiddleofsummerforbetweenApril21standAugust21stthesunneversetsinNorthernGreenlanD.ButinmidwintertheFarNorthisalandwithnosunshineatall.AroundOctober21sttheEskimosofNorthernGreenlandseethesunsetdirectlysouthofthemandtheydon'tseeitagainuntilFebruary22nD.Allplacesonearthgetaboutthesameamountofdaylightduringayear.Asaresultifsummerislighterwinterhastobedarker.WinternightsintheFarNorthareseldompitch－black.Asintherestoftheworldthestarsandmoonprovidealittlelight.ThenorthernlightsalsohelptheEskimotoseE.AndwiththegroundcoveredwithsnowevenalittlelightisreflectedbacktotheEskimo'seyes.6.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Eskimosdonotusuallyeatwolves.B.Eskimosliketochaseoneanother.C.Eskimosdependheavilyonwater.D.Eskimosaremeat－eaters.7.IntheEskimoyear________.A.thereisnospringandfallB.winteriscoldandsummerishotC.summerisatimeforgrowingfoodD.wintercomesearlyandgoeslate8.What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordpitch－blackinParagraph4?A.Darkwithalittlelight.B.A.littledark.C.Notdarkatall.D.Extremelydark.9.FromthepassagewecaninferallofthefollowingEXCEPTthat________.A.EskimosaremorelikelytoeatwolvesinsummerB.EskimowomenareresponsibleforhouseworkC.meatisthemainsourceoffoodfortheEskimoD.huntingisanimportantpartofEskimolife10.WhyissummerlighterintheFarNorth?A.BecausetheFarNorthisfarawayfromthesun.B.Becausethesunisnotseenforfivemonthsoftheyear.C.Becausethesunneversetsinmidsummer.D.Becausepeopleseethesunsetdirectlysouthofthem.

Everybodyhatesrats.Butintheearthquakecapitalsoftheworld–JapanLosAngelesTurkey–ratswillsoonbeman’snewbestfriends.Whathappensafteranearthquake?Wesendinrescuedogs.Why?BecausetheycansmellpeoplE.Dogssavelives.TheyhelprescuerstofindlivingpeoplE.Butdogsarebigandtheycan’tgetintosmallspaces.Sonowanewresearchprojectisusingasmalleranimaltosavelives:therat.Howdoesitwork?FirsttheratistrainedtosmellpeoplE.Whenthishappenstherat’sbraingivesasignal信号.Thisissenttoasmallradioonitsbackandthentherescuersfollowtheradiosignals.Whenrat’sbrainactivityjumpstherescuersknowthatsomeoneisalivE.Therathassmelledthatperson.Althoughtherearealreadyrobotswhichcandothisjobratsarebetter.ChristianLinsteratCornellUniversityNewYorksaysRobots’nosesdon’tworkwellwhenthereareothersmellsarounD.Ratsaregoodatthat.Ratscanalsoseeinthedark.Theyarecheaperandquickertotrainthandogsandunlikerobotstheydon’tneedelectricity!TheratprojectisnotfinishedbutJulieRyanofInternationalRescueCorpsinScotlandsaysItwouldbefantastiC.A.ratcouldgetintospaceswecouldn’tgettoandaratwouldgetoutifitwasn’tsafE.PerhapsforthefirsttimeinhistorypeoplewillbehappytoseearatinabuildingbutonlyafteranearthquakeofcoursE.64.Intheworldearthquakecapitalsratswillbecomeman’sbestfriendsbecausetheycan_______.A.taketheplaceofman’srescuejobsB.findthepositionofpeoplealivewhoaretrappedinbuildingsC.serveasfoodforpeoplealivewhoaretrappedinbuildingsD.getintosmallspaces65.Fromthethirdparagraphweknowtherescuerscanjudgeapersonisaliveby_________.A.ratssmellbetterthandogsB.dogsdon’tneedtobetrainedtosmellpeopleC.robots’senseofsmellcanbeaffectedbyothersmellsaroundD.ratscanseeinthedarkandsmallerthanrobots66.Ratshaveallthefollowingadvantagesexceptthat_______________.A.theyaremorefantasticthanotheranimalsB.theyarelessexpensivetotrainthandogsC.theydon’tneedelectricityD.theyaresmallandcangetintosmallplaces67.Afterreadingthepassagewecanknow______.A.atpresentratshavetakentheplaceofdogsinsearchingforpeopleB.theratprojecthasbeencompletedC.peoplearenowhappytoseearatinabuildingD.nowpeoplestillusedogsandrobotsinperformingrescues

SeveraltimesmydaughterhadtelephonedtosayMotheryoumustcometoseethedaffodils黄水仙beforetheyareoverIwantedtogobutitwasatwo－hourdrivefromLagunatoLakeArrowheaD.IwillcomenextTuesdayIpromisedalittlereluctantlyonherthirdcall.NextTuesdaydawnedcoldandrainy.StillIhadpromisedandsoIdrovetherE.WhenIfinallywalkedintoCarolyn'shouseandhuggedandgreetedmygrandchildren.IsaiD.ForgetthedaffodilsCarolyn!TheroadisinvisibleinthecloudsandfogandthereisnothingintheworldexceptyouandthesechildrenthatIwanttosee！MydaughtersmiledcalmlyandsaiD.Wedriveinthisallthetimemother.YouwillneverforgiveyourselfifyoumissthisexperiencE.AfterabouttwentyminutesweturnedontoasmallgravelroadandIsawasmallchurch.OnthefarsideofthechurchIsawahand－letteredsignthatread:DaffodilGarden.Wegotoutofthecarandeachtookachild'shanD.AndIfollowedCarolyndownthepath.Thenasweturnedacornerofthepath.andIlookedupandgaspeD.Beforemelaythemostglorioussight.Therewerefiveacresofflowers.ButwhohasdonethisIaskedCarolyn.It'sjustonewomanCarolynanswereD.That'sherhomE.Carolynpointedtoawell－keptA.－framehousethatlookedsmallandmodestinthemidstofallthatglory.WewalkeduptothehousE.Onthepatio露台wesawaposter.AnswerstotheQuestionsIKnowYouAreAskingwastheheadlinE.ThefirstanswerwasasimpleonE.50000bulbs球茎itreaD.ThesecondanswerwasOneatatimebyonewoman.ThethirdanswerwasBeganin1958.IthoughtofthiswomanwhomIhadnevermetwhomorethanfortyyearsbeforehadbegun—onebulbatatime—tobringthebeautyandjoytothemountaintop.6.Theauthordidn'tgotoseethedaffodilsatfirstbecause________.A.shewasnotinterestedinthemB.theyweregrowingonamountaintopC.theweatherwasnotgoodenoughD.itwasalongdrivetoherdaughter'shouse7.WhichofthefollowingBESTdescribestheauthor'sfeelingseeingthedaffodils?A.AmazeD.B.DisappointeD.C.ConfuseD.D.MoveD.8.WhatdoweknowaboutthewomanlivingintheA.－framehouse?A.ShemustbeoutofminD.B.SheactedasagardenerherE.C.Ittookhergreatdeterminationtogrowthedaffodils.D.Shewaspoorandmadeherlivingbysellingdaffodils.9.WhatwouldbetheBESTtitleofthepassage?A.A.WonderfulDaffodilGardenB.A.RemarkableWomanC.OneBulbataTimeD.ILoveDaffodils10.Whatcouldtheauthorprobablylearnfromthisexperience?A.Nothingistoodifficultifyouputyourheartintoit.B.Wemustputtheinterestsofothersaboveourown.C.Wecanchangetheworldthroughourownefforts.D.It'snevertoolatetolearn.

吉林省实验中学2007届高三第四次模拟考试A.篇LONDON-Everyoneelsehasone!Lucydeclaredtoherparentstryingtogetamobilephoneasagiftfor14thbirthday.Herparentsgavein.CurioustoknowhowherdaughterwouldusethephoneJaneBidderthemotherfollowedLucytotheschoolbusinthemorning.Thebusseats20ofwhomhalfhaveamobilephonE.Oneringsandseveraladolescentownersfumblewiththeirbags.Manyparentshavejustcometorealizethatthemobilephoneisnolongerfortravelingbusinessmen—itisaslikelytobefoundinschoolbags.Themobilephoneseemstohavebecomesomethingessentialfortoday’steensinBritainaccordingtoasurveypublishedlastweekbyNOPaleadingmarketresearchcompanyinBritain.Researchfoundthat66percentof16–year–oldsnowhaveaccesstoamobilephonE.Themobilephonehasbeenturnedintoasecretmessagingservicebyteenusers.WhentheyaretalkingonthemobiletheirparentsarenotabletoeavesdroponthesecondlinE.Theinterviewwith2019youngpeopleaged7to16foundthattheyfavorthetextmessagingservicebecausetheyofferasecretwayofkeepingintouch.Thedaysofsecretnotesintheclassroomaredyingout.Forexampleculmeansseeyoulater;lolmeanslaughoutloud’;and2niteistheabbreviationoftonight.AllthesearebasedonshorthandphrasesontheInternet.Manyschoolshavebannedstudentsusingmobilephones.Buttheyarenotverysuccessful.Stillphonesringintheclassanddisturbstudy.Besidespeopleareworriedaboutthehealthrisktokidsusingmobilephones.Scientistsbelievechildrenareespeciallyvulnerable易受伤的mobileradiation.41.ThestoryofLucyistoldtoshowus.A.Britishparentsalwaysmeettheirchildren’sneeds.B.Britishkidshavegoodrelationshipwiththeirparents.C.howBritishparentsacceptthetruthofteenagersowningamobilephonE.D.whyeverychildgetsamobilephoneasabirthdaypresentinUK42.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Peopleworryabouttheharmtothekids’healthbyusingmobilephonE.B.Teenagerswanttohavetheirownsecret.C.LucydoesnotgetthemobilephoneshewantsD.Teenagersliketosendmessagestoeachother43.Theunderlinedwordeavesdropmeans.A.joininactivelyB.interruptrudelyC.watchcarefullyD.listensecretly44.Interviewsdiscoverchildrenliketosendmessagesinsteadof.A.callingeachotherB.writingtoeachotherC.playinggamesonlineD.greetingeachother

OppositionisgrowingtotheBerlinZoo’splanstofindanewhomeforKnutthemoneymakingcelebritypolarbearwhosepopularityhasbeenexploitedbyenvironmentalistsandevenCanadiantourismpromoters.NolongercuteandjustdaysbeforehissecondbirthdayKnutwillbegivenanewhomethatisexpectedtoincludeapotentialmatingpartner.TheBerlinZoofacingtheglobaleconomiccrisiscan’taffordtheestimated$13millionitwouldtaketoacquireafemaleandanewhomeforthemtosharE.It’stimeforhimtogo---thesoonerhegetsanewhomethebettersaidseniorbearkeeperHeinerKloes.ButsomeBerlinersarebeginningacampaigncollectingpetition请愿书signaturesandarguingthathe’satouristdrawandasymbolasimportantastheBrandenburgGatE.HemeansalottomanypeoplE.Whenyou’rewithhimyouforgetyourproblemsHartmutWiedenrothco-founderofthecampaigntoldSpiegelOnlinE.Knutbecameaninternationalcelebrityin2007drawinghugecrowdstohiscageandtriggeringsalesofthousandsofKnuttoysandKnut-shapedcandies.TheVancouver-basedCanadianTourismCommissionmadeKnutamajorpartofitsCanada—KeepExploringcampaigntodrawtouriststothecountry---andespeciallytopolarbearcountryinnorthernManitobatoseethemintheirnaturalhabitat.Environmentalistsalsousedthebeartopromotethefightagainstglobalwarming.ButKnut’spopularitydiminishedashissizeincreasedto210kilogramsHewasphotographedatonepointsnapping咬atachildnearhiscagE.InSeptemberhiskeeperThomasDoerfleindiedofaheartattack.DoerfleinwhobecameacelebrityhimselfafternursingthetinyballofwhitefurwhenKnut’smotherrejectedhimhadbeenre-assignedshortlyafterKnut’sfirstbirthday.SomeanimalrightscriticssaidKnuthasbeenshowingunusuallyaggressivebehaviorbecauseofhisunnaturalupbringing.63.TheBerlinZoointendstofindanewhomeforKnutmainlybecauseof_______.A.themotherbeardesertinghimB.Knut’saggressivebehaviorC.lackingaskillfulbearkeeperD.itsfinancialproblem64.A.campaignisbeinglaunchedinBerlin_______.A.inordertokeepKnutinthezooB.bysellingKnut-shapedcandiesC.todrawtouriststonorthernManitobaD.towarnpeopleofglobalwarming65.TheunderlinedwordtriggeringinParagraph5canbereplacedby_______.A.decreasingB.preventingC.promotingD.conducting66.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.DoerfleinacelebrityofGermanyB.ZoosaysKnutmustgoC.ThepolarbearcapitaloftheworldD.PolarbearsinCanada

TodayalmosteveryoneknowscomputersandtheInternet.ffIaskyouWhatisthemostimportantinyourlife?maybeyouwillsayComputersandtheInternet.?ThefirstcomputerWasmadein1946.Itwasverybigbutitworkedslowly.Todaycomputersaregettingsmallerandsmaller.Buttheyworkfasterandfaster.Whatcancomputersdo?A.writerhassaidPeoplecan'tlivewithoutcomputerstoday.TheInternetcamealittlelaterthancomputers.Itisabouttwenty-fiveyearslaterthancomputers.ButnowitcanbefoundalmosteverywherE.Wecanuseittoreadbookswritelettersdoshoppingplaygamesormakefriends.ManystudentsliketheInternetverymuch.TheyoftengointotheInternetassoonastheyarefreE.TheymakefriendsontheInternetandmaybetheyhaveneverseenthesefriends.Theydon'tknowtheirrealnamesagesandevensex性别.Theyaresointerestedinmakingtheunrealfriendsthattheycan'tputtheirheartintostudy.Manyofthemcan'tcatchupwithothersonmanysubjectsbecauseofthat.WecanusecomputersandtheInternettolearnmoreabouttheworlD.ButatthesametimeweshouldrememberthatnotallthethingscanbedonebycomputersandtheInternet.68.TheInternetcannotbeusedfor______A.studyingB.shoppingC.thinkingD.playing69.TheInternetwasborninabout______A.1960B.1970C.1980D.198570.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.FewstudentslikegoingintotheInternet.B.StudentsusetheInternettomakeunrealfriends.C.Theseunrealfriendsoftenmeeteachother.D.StudentsknowthefriendsOntheInternetverywell.71.WhatdoesthewriterthinkoftheInternet?A.Itiswonderful.B.Itcanmakestudentsstudyharder.C.Itisnotgoodforstudents.D.Itishelpfulbutwecan'tdoeverythingonit.

AtalkingkitchenteachesstudentshowtocookFrenchandspeakFrench.ResearchersatNewCastleUniversityintheUnitedKingdomhavedevelopedtheFrenchDigitalKitchen.ProfessorsPaulSeedhouseandPatrickOlivierledtheproject.ProfessorSeedhousetoldusthatitworkslikeasatellitenavigation导航systeminacar.Thekitchenequipmentandtoolsusemotionsensor动作传感器technology.ThesensorshelpacomputerguidethestudentsthroughinstructionsinFrench.Thesystemcantellwhetheryou'vedonewhatyouwereaskedtodoornot.ForexamplethesystemtellsyoutotakesomebutterandcutitwithaknifE.There'sasensoronthepackagecontainingthebuttersoitcantellwherethebutter'sbeingmoveD.Thesensorintheknifenotonlyknowsthattheknifeismovingbutitalsoknowswhatmotiontheknifeismaking.Soitcanknowwhethertheknifeiscuttingornot.Anditdoesn'tgoontothenextstepoftheprogramunlessyou'vedonewhatitsensesyou'vedonE.StudentscanaskthecomputertorepeattheinstructionsortranslatethemintoEnglish.Therearevocabularylessonsbeforeandafterthecooking.ProfessorSeedhousesaystheFrenchDigitalKitchenturnstheprocessoflearninglanguageintoareal-lifeexperiencE.Hereyou'retakingitoutoftheclassroomandyou'reactuallyusingthelanguagetoproducesomethingwhichyoucaneatattheendofit.It'sveryenjoyablE.Thesystemcouldbeavailableforsalebytheendof2012.Addingthetechnologytoanewkitchencouldaddabouttentotwentypercenttothebuildingcosts.TheresearchershavealsobeengivenmoneytodevelopprogramsinsixotherlanguagesincludingEnglishItalianandSpanish.68.ThetalkingkitchendevelopedbyNewCastleUniversityismainlyaimedat.A.helpingstudentswholoveFrenchfoodsB.helpinghouseownerspreparetheirmealsC.helpinglearnerswhostudyFrenchasaforeignlanguageD.helpinghousewiveswhowanttolearncookingFrenchfoods69.Thethirdparagraphmainlytellus.A.whatthesystemisB.howthesystemworksC.whatamotionsensorisD.howthesystemwasinvented70.WhatdoestheunderlinedworditinPara5referto?A.FrenchfooD.B.FrenchlanguagE.C.Theprocessofcookingandlearning.D.Theprocessoflisteningandtranslating.71.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?.A.LearnWhileEating.B.A.TalkingKitchen.C.A.NewTrendofKitchen.D.KitchensBecomeClassrooms.

ScientistsatHarvardUniversityandBatesCollegefindfemalechimpanzees黑猩猩appeartotreatsticksasdollscarryingthemarounduntiltheyhavechildrenoftheirown.Youngmalesengageinsuchbehaviormuchlessfrequently.ThenewworkbySonyaM..KahlenbergandRichardW..WranghamdescribedthisweekinthejournalCurrentBiologyprovidesthefirstevidenceofawildnon­humanspeciesplayingwithdollsaswellasthefirstknownsexdifferenceinawildanimal’schoiceofplaythings.Thetworesearcherssaytheirworkaddstoagrowingbodyofevidencethathumanchildrenareprobablybornwiththeirownideasofhowtheywanttobehaveratherthansimplymirroringothergirlswhoplaywithdollsandboyswhoplaywithtrucks.Dollplayamonghumanscouldhaveitsoriginsinobject—carryingbyearlierapes猿类theysaysuggestingthattoyselectionisprobablynotdueentirelytosocialization.Inhumansthereareobvioussexdifferencesinchildren’stoyplayandtheseareremarkablysimilaracrossculturessaysKahlenberg.Whilesocializationbyeldersandpeershasbeentheprimaryexplanationourworksuggeststhatbiologymayalsohaveanimportantroletoplayinactivitypreferences.In14yearsofdataonchimpanzeebehaviorattheKibaleNationalParkinUgandaKahlenbergandWranghamcountedmorethan100examplesofstick­carrying.Someyoungchimpanzeescarriedsticksintothenesttosleepwiththemandononeoccasionbuiltaseparatenestforthestick.WehaveseenjuvenilesoccasionallycarryingsticksformanyyearsandbecausetheysometimestreatedthemratherlikedollswewantedtoknowifingeneralthisbehaviortendedtorepresentsomethinglikeplayingwithdollssaysWranghamaProfessoratHarvarD.Ifthedollhypothesis假设wasrightwethoughtthatfemalesshouldcarrysticksmorethanmalesdoandthatthechimpanzeesshouldstopcarryingstickswhentheyhadtheirfirstchilD.Wehavenowwatchedenoughyoungchimpanzeestoprovebothpoints.67.Whatdoesafemalechimpanzeedowithsticks?A.Shegivesthemtoherchildtoplaywith.B.Shetreatsthemasdolls.C.Shemakesusefultoolsfromthem.D.Shetreatsthemasweapons.68.Whatcausesthedifferenttoyselectionofchimpanzeesaccordingtothepassage?A.SexdifferencE.B.Socialization.C.Environment.D.CulturaldifferencE.69.Wecaninferfromthefourthparagraphthat________.A.socializationhasnothingtodowithhuman’schoiceofplaythingsB.sexdifferenceistheonlyfactorinhuman’schoiceofplaythingsC.thebiologyfactormayalsoinfluencetoychoiceD.peoplechoosedifferenttoysindifferentcultures70.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat________.A.bothhumansandchimpanzeeschoosetheirplaythingsduetosexdifferenceB.differentfactorscausehumansandchimpanzeestochoosedifferentplaythingsC.onlyfemalechimpanzeeshaveplaythingsD.chimpanzeesusuallychooseplaythingsfortheirchildren

IndonesiaisadangerouscountrytocallhomE.Itliesaboveseveralactiveplates板块withmanyfire-breathingvolcanoesarounD.TheeruptionofavolcanoandtheshakingofanearthquakethisweekisjustonereminderofIndonesia’sburningbasE.Indonesiaconsistingof17500islandssitsbetweentheworld’smostactiveregionthePacificRingofFireandtheworld’ssecondmostactiveregiontheAlpidebelt.BeingsituatedbetweenthemmeanstheislandsexperiencesomeofthestrongestearthquakesandmostpowerfulvolcaniceruptionsknownonEarth.ThePacificRingofFireistheworld’sgreatestearthquakebeltaccordingtoU.S.GeologicalSurveyUSGSbecauseofitsseriesoffault断层linescoveringabout25000milesfromChilethroughJapanandSoutheastAsiA.Earthquakesusuallyoccuralongfaultswhicharebreaksintherockyplates.About90percentofalltheworld’searthquakesand80percentoftheworld’slargestearthquakesstrikealongthePacificRingofFirE.About17percentoftheworld’slargestearthquakesand5-6percentofallquakesoccuralonetheAlpidebelt.In2009aloneIndonesiahad10earthquakesgreaterthanmagnitude震级6.0accordingtotheUSGS.Monday’s7.7-magnitudeearthquakethatcauseda3-meter-hightsunamikillingatleast113peopleoccurredwhentheAustralianandSundaplatesstruckintoeachother.OnerockyplatetookadivebelowtheotherresultinginanearthquakeThe9.1-mangitdue2004quakeandIndianOceantsunamikilledabout230000peopleinquiteafewcountries.BelowIndonesiatheEurasianPlateAustralianPlateSundaPlateandPacificPlatemeettogether.66.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEofIndonesia?A.Itcovers17500islandsB.It’sabout25000mileslongC.It’sinthecenteroftheAlpideD.It’sfarfromthePacificRingofFire67.Howmanyoftheworld’searthquakesoccuralongthePacificRingofFireandtheAlpidebelt?A.About90percentB.About17percentC.About80percentD.About95percent68.ItcanbeinferredthatIndonesiahasmanyearthquakesbecause.A.therearemanyvolcanoesB.manyplatesmetthereC.theenvironmentispollutedD.theplatesthereareverythin69.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.ThePacificRingofFireistheworld’ssecondmostactiveregionB.ThereweretenearthquakesinIndonesiain2009C.AustralianandSundaplates’strikingcausedIndonesiaMonday’s7.7-magnitudeearthquakeD.The9.1-magnitude2004quakekilled230000Indians70.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Indonesia’svolcanoesB.Indonesia’searthquakesC.Indonesia’sgeographyD.Indonesia’senvironment

PresentorFuture?Americansarefuture-minded.Theyreallyliveinthefuture.Thepresentisjustawaystation.ThisenthusiasmforthefutureisreallynotsharedevenbyallEuropeancountries.TheFrenchareknowntobepresent-mindedwhiletheBritishareoftencalledpast-minded.ForJapaneseZenfollowerstimeislikeapoolofwater.Thingsjusthappen.Thereisnopastpresentorfuture.Egyptiansarewellknownfortheirpastmindedness.Ididnotgrowupwithatelephone.SotheYellowPagesweresomethingbrandnewformewhenIfirstarrivedintheU..S...Istillhadthehabitofgoingtoastoreonlytofindoutthatitdidn'thavewhatIneeded.MywifeusedtoaskDidn'tyoucallbeforegoingthere?Theconceptofcallingaheadoftimerequiresplanningandafuturemindwhilemyupbringingwasinapresent-mindedculture.Onethingmynuclearfamilyenjoyswhenmymomvisitsishercooking.SonormallyIaskmymomacoupleofdaysinadvancewhatthingssheneedsfortheupcomingmeals.Sheisalwayssurethatshehaseverything.Thetruthisthatmanytimesinthemiddleofcookingshewillaskforitemswedon'thave.Thatshowsapresentmind.Youdealwithitwhenyougetthereinsteadofdoingadvancedplanning.Listeningtoweatherforecastsandthenlivingyourlifeaccordinglyisasignofafuturemind.NormallywhenIgettoworkandseeeveryonewalkingaroundwiththeirumbrellasIfigurethatitwillraintoday.Herepeoplearetrainedfromtheirchildhoodtofigureoutatleastthatday'sexpectedweatherbeforeleavingthehouse.Iamnormallymissingmyumbrellabecauseitwasnotrainingandtheskydidnothavedarkclouds.Heremypresentmindgetsmeweteverytime.MainstreamAmericanshaveputinsidethemselvestheclocktoadegreewhichisbeyondthecomprehensionofmanyculturesacrosstheglobe.SotheannoyancemanyAmericansfacewhenworkingwithpeoplefromotherculturesisunderstandable.Intoday'sdialoguebuildingthebridgetothe21stcenturymayturnouttobeeasierthanbuildingbridgeswithothercultureswhichmayappeartobesoforeign.Howevertheyarevitalpartnersforourinterdependentlifeonthisplanet.60.Theauthorwasmostlikelybornin____.A.AmericaB.FranceC.BritainD.Egypt61.Whichistrueabouttheauthor?A.Hewasmorefuture-mindedthanhismother.B.HereceivedmostofhiseducationinJapan.C.Helearnedtochecktheweatherbeforegoingout.D.Hedislikedcallingthestorebeforegoingshopping.62.What'sthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.Americansvaluetimemorethananyotherculture.B.Americansshouldbeunderstoodbyothercultures.C.Communicationbetweenculturesiseasierthanbefore.D.Harmonyshouldbeachieveddespiteculturaldifferences.

Thoreauandothernaturalistshavepraisedthebenefitsofnaturetoyourstateofmindintheirworksbuttherearesomeresearchesshowinghownaturemakesyousmarter.A.studyhasfoundthatexposuretothegreatoutdoorsimprovescognitive认知的function.Expertshavecalledthisattentionrestorationtherapy注意力修复治疗.InthestudyresearchersfromtheUniversityofMichiganaskedagroupofvolunteerstocompleteatakedesignedtochallengememoryandattention.ThevolunteersthentookawalkineitheraparkorindowntownAnnArbor.Afterthewalkvolunteersreturnedtothelabandwereretestedonthetask.Theperformanceonthememoryandattentiontaskgreatlyimprovedinpeoplefollowingthewalkintheparkbutdidnotimproveinthosewhowalkeddowntown.Whynaturemakesyousmarter?Accordingtotheexpertsonereasonhastodowithhownatureaffectsyourattention.Youhavetwotypesofattention.Oneisinvoluntarywhereyourattentionisattractedbysomestimuli刺激物.Andtheotheroneisdirectedattentionwhereyoucontrolyourattention.DirectedattentionisimportantformemoryresolvingconflictandreducingabsentminD.Beinginnatureexposesyoutosoothingstimulithatengagesyourinvoluntaryattention.ItgivesyourdirectedattentionarestandachancetobecomereneweD.Whenyouareinacityyouareconstantlyvigilant警觉的yourdirectedattentionisturnedonandcannotgetarest.RichardLuovcreatedthetermnaturedeficit缺乏disorderdisordertodescribeaconditionofbeingsooutoftouchwithnaturethatwelosehumilityourspiritualityourhumanityandwealsoareathigherriskofobesity肥胖depressionandotherdiseasE.HisfirstbookLastChildintheWoodswasaboutthenegativeeffectsofanaturedeficitonchildrenbuthisnewbook.TheNaturePrincipledescribeshowadultsareequallyatriskiftheyseldomspendtimewithnaturE.Ifyoucan’tbeinnaturetodaygetascreensaverofnaturE.Inanotherpartofthestudypeoplewhoweresimplyshownphotosofnaturedidbetteroncognitivefunctionthanthoseshownurbanimages.ButIthinkitwillbebetterforyoutogooutandexperiencetherealthings.61.Whichofthefollowingprobablybelongstotheattentionrestorationtherapy?A.Doingexerciseinthegym.B.ReadingThoreau’sworksathomE.C.Joggingaroundintheshoppingmall.D.Walkingorrunningthroughalocalpark.62.FromthesecondparagraphwecanlearnallEXCEPTthat.A.thestudywasconductedbyexpertsofUniversityofMichiganB.thestudyisaboutpeople’smemoryandattentionC.thestudyindicatesnaturehasagoodeffectonmemoryandattentionD.theparticipantsshouldwalkinboththeparkanddowntown63.Accordingtothepassagewhenoneisconsideredtoengageyourinvoluntaryattention?A.Rememberingthings.B.RelaxinginnaturE.C.Solvingproblems.D.Beingcautious.64.WhichistheCORRECTinformationaboutRichardLuov?A.Hefoundthereasonforobesity.B.Hewroteabookaboutchildren’sproblems.C.Hehaspublishedanewhealthbook.D.HecreatedatermtodescribepeoplewhospendlittletimeinnaturE.65.whichofthefollowingwouldtheauthorhighlyadvisereaderstodo?A.GetapictureofnaturE.B.Avoidwatchingurbanimages.C.SetyourscreenwithanimageofnatureasthebackgrounD.D.GooutandspendtimeinnaturE.

LetussupposeitisnowaboutA.D.2060.Let'smakebelieveitisaboutsixtyyearsfromnow.Ofcoursethingshavechangedandlifeisverydifferent.Voyagestothemoonarebeingmadeeveryday.Itisaseasytotakeaholidayonthemoontodayasitwasforthepeoplein1960totakeaholidayinEuropE.Atanumberofscenicspotsonthemoonmanyhotelshavebeenbuiltthehotelsareair－conditionednaturally.Sothateveryonecanenjoythebeautifulsceneryonthemoon.Everyroomhasatleastonepicturewindow.EverythingimaginableisprovidedforentertainmentofyoungandolD.Whatarepeopleeatingnow?PeoplearestilleatingfooD.Theyhaven'tyetstartedtotakeontheirsupplyofenergydirectlyaselectricalcurrentorasnuclearpower.Theymaybesomeday.Butmanyfoodsnowcomeinpillformandthefoodthatgoesintothepillcontinuestocomemainlyfromgreenplants.Sincethereareseveraltimesasmanypeopleintheworldtodayastherewereahundredyearsagomostofourplanet'ssurfacehastobefilleD.Thedesertsareirrigatedwithwater.Cropsarenolongerdestroyedbypests.TheharvestisalwaysgooD.FarmingofcourseisveryhighlydevelopeD.Veryfewpeoplehavetoworkonthefarm.Itispossibletorunthefarmbyjustpushingafewbuttonsnowandthen.Peoplearenowlargelyvegetarians.YouseeasthenumberofpeopleincreasedthenumberofanimalsdecreaseD.ThereforethepeoplehavetobevegetariansandwearehealthierinbothourbodiesandourmindstooandweknowthecausesandcureofdiseasesandpainanditispossibletogetridofdiseasE.NoonehastobeillanymorE.Suchwouldbeourlifein2060.6.Whatarethehotelsonthemoonusedforin2060?A.Scientificexperiments.B.Peoplewhohavenohouses.C.Astronauts.D.HolidaypeoplE.7.WhichofthefollowingisWRONG?A.InthestorythepopulationoftheworldhasincreaseD.B.Voyagestothemoonarebeingmadeeveryday.C.A.greatnumberofpeopleworkonthefarm.D.Thefoodcomesmainlyfromgreenplants.8.Accordingtothepassagewhyarepeoplelargelyvegetarians?A.Becausemostpeoplelikevegetablesbetter.B.BecausethenumberofpeopleincreasedandthenumberofanimalsdecreaseD.C.Becausepeoplethinkmeatisunhealthy.D.Becausetherearenoanimalsatall.9.Accordingtothepassagewhataboutthepeople'shealthin2060?A.Becausethepeoplehavetobevegetarianstheyareverythin.B.Thepeoplehavenoillness.C.Thedoctordon'tknowhowtotreatthediseasesandpain.D.Thepeoplearelesshealthierinourbodiesthaninourminds.10.Whenwasthepassagewritten?A.InaboutA.D.2060.B.Inabout1960.C.Inabout2000.D.Inabout2004.

Batteriescanpoweranythingfromsmallsensorstolargesystems.Whilescientistsarefindingwaystomakethemsmallerbutevenmorepowerfulproblemscanarisewhenthesebatteriesaremuchlargerandheavierthanthedevicesthemselves.UniversityofMissouriMUresearchersaredevelopinganuclearenergysourcethatissmallerlighterandmoreefficient.Toprovideenoughpowerweneedcertainmethodswithhighenergydensity密度saidJaeKwonassistantprofessorofelectricalandcomputerengineeringatMU.Theradioisotope放射性同位素batterycanprovidepowerdensitythatismuchhigherthanchemicalbatteries.Kwonandhisresearchteamhavebeenworkingonbuildingasmallnuclearbatterypresentlythesizeandthicknessofapennyintendedtopowervariousmicro/nanoelectromechanicalsystemsM/NEMS.AlthoughnuclearbatteriescancauseconcernsKwonsaidtheyaresafe.Peopleheartheword‘nuclear’andthinkofsomethingverydangeroushesaidHowevernuclearpowersourceshavealreadybeensafelypoweringavarietyofdevicessuchaspace-makersspacesatellitesandunderwatersystems.Hisnewideaisnotonlyinthebattery’ssizebutalsoinitssemiconductor半导体.Kwon’sbatteryusesaliquidsemiconductorratherthanasolidsemiconductor.Thekeypartofusingaradioactivebatteryisthatwhenyouharvesttheenergypartoftheradiationenergycandamagethelatticestructure晶体结构ofthesolidsemiconductorKwonsaidByusingaliquidsemiconductorwebelievewecanminimizethatproblem.TogetherwithJ..DavidRobertsonchemistryprofessorandassociatedirectoroftheMUResearchReactorKwonisworkingtobuildandtestthebattery.Inthefuturetheyhopetoincreasethebattery’spowershrinkitssizeandtrywithvariousothermaterials.Kwonsaidthatbatterycouldbethinnerthanthethicknessofhumanhair.67.JaeKwongaveexamplesinParagraph4_________.A.toshowchemicalbatteriesarewidelyapplied.B.tointroducenuclearbatteriescanbesafelyused.C.todescribeanuclear-poweredsystem.D.tointroducevariousenergysources.68.Liquidsemiconductorisusedto_________.A.getridoftheradioactivewasteB.testthepowerofnuclearbatteries.C.decreasethesizeofnuclearbatteriesD.reducethedamagetolatticestructure.69.AccordingtoJaeKwonhisnuclearbattery_______.A.usesasolidsemiconductorB.willsoonreplacethepresentones.C.couldbeextremelythinD.haspassedthefinaltest.70.Thetextismostprobablya________.A.sciencenewsreportB.bookreviewC.newspaperadD.sciencefiction

Itisoftennecessarytoreleaseafishthatissetitfreeaftercatchingbecauseitistoosmalloryoujustdon’twanttotakeithometoeat.InsomecasesreleasingfishisagoodmeasurethatwillhelpkeepfishvarietyandbuildtheirpopulationsizE.TheDepartmentofGameandInlandFisheriesDGIFencouragesfishermenwhopracticecatch-and-releasefishingtouseafewsimpleskillswhendoingso.Theadviceprovidedbelowwillhelpmakesurethatthefishyoureleasewillsurvivetobiteagainanotherday.—WhencatchingafishplayitquicklyandkeepthefishinthewaterasmuchaspossiblE.Don’t’useanetinlandingthefishandreleaseitquicklytopreventitfromdying.—Holdthefishgently.Donotputyourfingersinitseyes.Don’twipethescales鱼鳞offthefishbecauseitmightcauseittodevelopadiseaseandreduceitschanceofsurvival.—Removeyourhookquickly.Ifthehookistoodeeporhookedinthestomachcutthelineandleavethehookin.Thehookleftinsidewillcausenoseriousproblemtothefish.—Takegoodcareofthefishbymovingitgentlyinwater.Releasethefishwhenitbeginstostruggleandisabletoswim.—Donotholdfishinabucketorsomeothercontainersandlaterdecidetoreleaseit.Ifyouaregoingtoreleaseafishdosorightaway.Withalittlecareandbyfollowingthesuggestionsgivenaboveyoucangivethereleasedfishabetterchanceofsurvival.64.Peoplesometimessetafishfreeaftercatchingitbecausethey_________A.don’twantittodieB.hopeitwillgrowquicklyC.don’twanttohaveitasfoodD.wanttopracticetheirfishingskills65.Whichofthefollowingwillprobablymakeafishill?A.Takingthehookoffit.B.Removingitsscales.C.Touchingitseyes.D.HoldingitinyourhanD.66.A.properwaytoreleaseafishisto_________.A.moveitinwatertillitcanswimB.takethehookoutofitsstomachC.keepitinabucketforsometimeD.letitstrugglealittleinyourhand67.Whatisthepurposeofthetest?A.Toshowhowtoenjoyfishing.B.Topersuadepeopletofishlessoften.C.ToencouragepeopletosetfishfreE.D.Togiveadviceonhowtoreleasefish.

ThereisnobelievableevidencefortheexistenceofBigfootortoputitanotherwaythere’sreallyquitealotofevidencebutunfortunatelyit’sverypoorquality.That’saproblemforBigfoot-believersbecauseifthecreaturereallydoesexistthenitmustexistinfairlybignumbers.Otherwiseitwouldlongagohavegoneextinct灭绝.NotasingledeadbodyhasbeenfoundsaidJoeNickell.Whilewecan’tproveBigfootdoesn’texist.It’sfairtopointoutthatwecan’tprovethatthefairydoesn’texist.Wecan’tprovethattherearenoleprechauns妖精.TheBigfootmythisfueledbyhumanhopesandfears.Inthatmanneritissimilartoothermyths.Wearehopefulthatwearenotaloneintheuniversesowebelieveinextraterrestrials外人JoeNickellsaiD.Wearefearfuloftheunknownsoweimaginemonsters妖怪.CraigWoolheateroftheTexasBigfootResearchCentreagreedthatthereareawholelotofquestionsandnotmanyanswers.Whatwe’retryingtodoisgetsomeanswersandgatherhardevidencE.Ithinkwe’redealingwithananimalthatisfairlyrareWoolheateraddeD.Soyou’retalkingaboutsomethingthatisprobablyahundredtimesmorerarethanablackbearandcertainlyalotmorerarethanamountainlionandthoseanimalsaren’tseenallthatoften.MeanwhiletheInstituteofTexanCulturesistakingademocratic民主的approach.ThefinalportionoftheexhibitiongivesvisitorsachancetovoteonwhetherornottheybelievetheevidenceisbelievablE.Onthefirstdayyesoutweighedno178to53.64.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.TodiscusswhetherBigfootexists.B.TotellreaderswhereBigfootlives.C.Togivereadersadefiniteanswer.D.Toimprovereaders’interestaboutBigfoot.65.AccordingtoJoeNickell________.A.Bigfoot’sdeadbodiesarefamiliarwithpeopleB.Bigfootistheresultofpeople’shopesandfearsC.leprechaunsdon’texistD.peoplearepolitetoBigfoot66.AccordingtothepassageWoolheater________.A.thinkstherearenoquestionsaboutBigfootB.getshisanswersfromexhibitionsC.believesthevotingisademocraticwayD.seemstothinkBigfootexists67.Fromthelastparagraphwelearnthat________.A.theInstituteofTexanCulturesthinksBigfootexistsB.mostpeopletrusttheInstituteofTexanCulturesC.mostpeoplethinkBigfootexistsaccordingtothevoteD.theInstituteofTexanCulturesisademocraticorganization

Whenwetalkaboutboomerangs回飞棒weusuallymeanthecurveddevices弯曲的设备thatreturntoyouwhenyouthrowthembutthereareactuallytwodifferentkindsofboomerangs:thereturningtypeandthenon-returningtypE.Mostreturningboomerangsmeasure30to60cmacross.Non-returningboomerangsareusuallyheavierandlonger;typically1meterormoreacrossusuallyusedashuntingweapons.Expertsbelievetheinventionofboomerangswasmostlyamatteroftrialanderror.Firstlet’sconsiderhowaprimitivehuntermighthavecomeupwithanon-returningboomerang.InnaturethereareplentyofsticksthatarebentinacurvelikeaboomerangandpeopleprobablythrewthesortsofsticksallthetimE.Becauseofthestabilizingmotionofthetwobranchesofthestickthissortofstickwouldhavestayedintheairlongerandwouldhavebeeneasiertosendinthedesireddirection.Primitivehumansnoticedthisandsotheystartedspecificallyseekingoutbentsticks.Thentheystartedselectingthebestcurvedsticksthinnerlongeronesworkbetterandweresoonmakingsomechangessotheywereespeciallysuitedfortakingdownbirdsandanimals.Expertsaren’treallysurewhenandwherepeoplefirstdevelopedreturningboomerangsbuttheAboriginesofAustraliaaregenerallycreditedwiththeinvention.TheAboriginesusednon-returningboomerangswhichtheycalledkylieswidelyinhuntingandthetheoryisthatatsomepointoneormoreAboriginesusedakyliewiththeparticularshapeofaboomerangandnoticedthatittraveledinacurvE.Thatmighthavebeenapureaccident.Theamazingflightpatternofthenewdiscoverydidn’treallyhelpoutmuchinhunting—itactuallymadeithardertoaimaccurately—butitwasofcoursereallycool.EvidentlytheAboriginesperfectedtheboomerangdesignandthrowingtechniqueforthesimplepleasureofit.Howevertheboomerangdidhavesomelimiteduseinhunting.TheAborigineswouldsetupnetsintreesandthenthrowtheboomerangintotheairwhilemakingahawk鹰call.Thiswouldscarebirdssotheywouldflydownintothenets.51.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlytellus?A.Howprimitivemeninventedreturningboomerangs.B.Hownon-returningboomerangswereinventeD.C.HowtheAboriginesofAustraliauseboomerangs.D.Howtothrowandcatchreturningboomerangs.52.Welearnfromthepassagethatreturningboomerangs_________.A.weredevelopedfromnon-returningboomerangsB.wereinventedearlierthannon-returningboomerangsC.aregenerallycalledkyliesbytheAboriginesD.areheavierandlongerthannon-returningboomerangs53.Fromthefourthparagraphwecaninfernon-returningboomerangsaremoresuitableforhuntingbecause_________.A.theylookmorefrighteningB.theycanmoveinacircleC.theyareeasiertoaimD.theyarelightertocarry54.AccordingtothepassageitismostprobablethatAborigines_________.A.firstusedbentstickstofrightenanimalsB.neverusedreturningboomerangsinhuntingC.likedtoplaywiththekylieforpleasureD.aretheinventorofreturningboomerangs

Ifyouexhibitpositivecharacteristicssuchashonestyandhelpfulnessthechancesarethatyouwillbethoughtasagood-lookingpersonforanewstudyhasfoundthattheperception认知ofphysicalattractivenessisinfluencedbyaperson'spersonality.ThestudywhichwasledbyGaryW..Lewandowskihasfoundthatpeoplewhoexhibitnegativecharacteristicssuchasunfairnessandrudenessappeartobelessphysicallyattractivetoobservers.Inthestudytheparticipantsviewedphotographsofopposite-sexindividualsandratedthemforattractivenessbeforeandafterbeingprovidedwithinformationabouttheirpersonalities.Afterpersonalityinformationwasreceivedparticipantsalsoratedtheprobabilityofeachindividual'sbecomingafriendandadatingpartner.Informationonpersonalitywasfoundtosignificantlychangetheprobabilityshowingthatcognitive认知的processesmodify修改judgmentsofattractiveness.ThinkingapersonashavingadesirablepersonalitymakesthepersonmoresuitableingeneralasacloserelationshippartnerofanykindsaidLewandowski.Thefindingsshowthatapositivepersonalityleadstogreaterexpectationofbecomingfriendswhichleadstogreaterexpectationofbecomingromanticpartnersandfinallytobeingviewedasmorephysicallyattractive.Thefindingsremainedconsistentregardlessofhowattractivetheindividualwasformerlythoughttobeoroftheparticipants'currentrelationshipstatus.Thisresearchprovidesapositiveoutcomebyremindingpeoplethatpersonalitygoesalongwaytowarddeterminingyourattractiveness;itcanevenchangepeople'simpressionsofhowgood-lookingyouaresaidLewandowski.66.Inthestudytheparticipantswererequiredto_____.A.trytomakefriendswitheachotherB.trytoprovepositivecharactersmakepeoplemoreattractiveC.exhibitnegativecharacterssuchasunfairnessandrudenessD.rateone'sattractivenessbyphotosbeforeandafterknowingherorhispersonality67.What'stheCORRECTorderofhowcognitiveprocessesmodifyjudgmentsofattractiveness?a.findapersonwithapositivepersonalityb.viewthepersonmorephysicallyattractivec.wanttomakefriendswiththepersond.wanttobehis/herromanticpartnerA.a→c→d→bB.d→c→b→aC.c→b→a→dD.a→d→c→b68.WhichofthefollowingisWRONGaccordingtothepassage?A.Theresearchremindspeopletopaymoreattentiontothepersonality.B.Personalitycanchangepeople'simpressionsofone'sappearance.C.Thejudgmentofone'sattractivenessalwaysstaysunchanged.D.Positivepersonalitymayleadtomorefriends.69.Thepassageiswritteninan_____tone.A.subjectiveB.objectiveC.scepticalD.negative70.Whoaretheintendedreadersofthispassage?A.Peoplewithpositivecharacteristics.B.Good-lookingpeople.C.Peoplewithnegativecharacteristics.D.Generalpeople.

Thereisabigexperimentgoingon.Howbig?WellthelaboratoryisthePacificOceanandtheexperimentmaygoonfortwentyyears.Suchahugeexperimentisneededtoanswerahugelyimportantquestion:Howfastistheearthwarmingup?Weknowthattheincreasingamountsofcarbondioxidearemakingouratmosphereintoawarmerblanket.Andweworrythatthisgreenhouseeffectmaygetgreaterandgreater.Butwearen'tsurehowmuchtheearthiswarminguporhowmuchithaswarmedupoverthepasthundredyears.Ofcoursewehavelotsofcarefultemperaturerecords.YouseeorheartheseeverydayintheweatherreportsofyourradioandTVstations.Youalsocanseehowmuchthesechangesfromhourtohourfromdaytodayandfromoneplacetoanother.ButyouhaveneverheardanyonesaywhattheaveragetemperaturewasforthewholeworlD.ScientistshaveworkedhardtofigureoutaverageairtemperaturesinordertoseehowmuchthesehavechangeD.Oneofourbestestimates估算isthattheearthhaswarmedupabout1°Finthepasthundredyears.Thatmaynotsoundlikemuchbutonaworldwidebasisevensmallchangesintemperaturehavebigeffects.61.Whyistheexperimentregardedasbig?Itisbecause________.A.thelaboratoryisthePacificOceanB.theexperimentmaylastaslongas20yearsC.theexperimentisneededtosolveaveryimportantproblemD.bothA.andB.62.Fromthesecondparagraphwelearnthefollowingexceptthat________.A.theincreasingamountsofcarbondioxidearemakingtheearthwarmerandwarmerB.mandoesn'tknowhowwarmertheearthisgettingC.manwondershowfasttheearthiswarmingupD.theincreasingnumberofgreenhousesontheearthmakesthetemperaturehigherandhigher63.Scientistsareperformingthebigexperimentto________.A.getthetemperaturerecordsofthewholeworldB.seehowtheweatherallovertheworldchangesfromhourtohourC.takethetemperaturesofthePacificOceanD.findouttheaverageairtemperaturessoastoseetheirchanges64.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Thetemperatureoftheearthhasrisen1°Cinthepasthundredyears.B.Thetemperatureoftheearthhasrisenslightlyhigherwhichhasnobadeffect.C.Thesmallchangesinthetemperatureoftheearthaffecttheearthgreatly.D.Thetemperatureoftheearthhasrisenonly1°Finthepasthundredyearswhichhasnobadeffectontheearth.

Scientificexperimentscansometimesgowrongandwhentheydotheresultsmayrangefromthedisastroustothetroubling.OnesuchexperimenttookplaceinSouthAmericaaboutfiftyyearsago.Whetheritsfinalconsequenceswillcauseseriousdamageornothingmorethanasmalltroublestillremainstobeseen.Thestorybeganin1956whenanAmericanscientistworkinginBrazildecidedtosolvetheproblemofincreasingtheproductivityofthatcountry’sbees.HeimportedaveryactivetypeofAfricanbeefromTanzaniaandmated交配itwiththemoreeasygoingnativevarietytoproduceanewkindofbees.Thenewbeesworkedharderandproducedtwiceasmuchhoney.ItseemedthatProfessorKerrforthatwasthescientist’snamehadatotalsuccessonhishands.Thenthingsbegantogowrong.Forsomereasonasyetunseenbutperhapsasaresultofsomethingintheirenvironmentthenewbeesbegantodevelopextremelyattackingpersonalities.Theybecamebad-temperedandeasytobeangryattackedthenativebeesanddrovethemfromtheirlivingplaces.Butworsewastofollow.Havingtakenoverthecountrysidethenewbees.Withtheirdangerousstings叮begantoattackitsneighbors—catsdogshorseschickensandfinallymanhimself.A.longperiodofterrorbeganthathassofarkilledagreatnumberofanimalsandabout150humanbeings.ThiswouldhavebeenenoughifthebeeshadstayedinBrazil.ButnowtheyareonthemoveheadingnorthwardsincountlessmillionstowardsCentralandNotthAmericaandmovingatthealarmingspeedof200milesayear.Thecountriesthatlieintheirpatharenaturallyworriedbecauseitlooksasifnothingcanbedonetostopthem.56.TheresultsoftheSouthAmericanexperiment____________A.havecausedaserioustroubleB.haveprovedtobewrongC.arenotyetcertainD.arenotimportant57.Theexperimentmentionedinthispassagewasdesignedto_________A.increasetheamountofhoneyinBrazilB.makeBrazilianbeesmoreeasy-goingC.increasethenumberofbeesinBrazilD.makeAfricanbeeslessactive58.Whichofthefollowingmaybethecauseofthenewbees’attackingpersonalities?A.TheirproductionofhoneyB.TheirhardworkC.TheirlivingenvironmentD.Theirbadtemper59.Thelastparagraphimpliesthat_____A.thebeeshavebeendriventoCentralandNorthAmericaB.thebeesmaybringabouttroubleinmorecountriesC.thebeesmustbestoppedfrommovingnorthD.thebeesprefertoliveinBrazil.

SomewonderfullycreativeusesofX-rayshavebeenintheworldofart.Butthemostimpressiveoneistouncoverwhathasbeencoveredup.DetailsunfoldedbyanX-rayofapaintingcan'tbeseenanyotherway.Forexampleinthepastpaintingswereoftenrepairedifsmallpiecesofpaintfelloffthecanvas帆布.Theserepairscannotbeseenjustbylookingatthepainting.IttakesanX-raytodiscoverwheretherepairshavebeenmade.AnX-rayofapaintingisoneofthebestwaystotellifitwascreatedbyafamouspainterorifitisaforgery.IfthereisaquestionastowhetheranoldmasterhaspaintedacertainpaintingornotX-raysaremadeandcomparedtothoseofpaintingsthatareknowntobeoriginal.Ifthebrushstrokes笔迹forexampleareshowntobetotallydifferentthaninotherworkdonebyacertainartistthenthepaintingisprovedtobeafakecopy.SincemodernpaintsareusuallymadefromdifferentmaterialsthanpaintsofhundredsofyearsagotheimagetheyleaveonanX-rayfilmlooksdifferent.ThisisanotherwayX-rayscanbeusedtospotaforgery.Amodemartistwilltrytomakeaforgerylookhundredsofyearsoldbypaintingdirtyvamishonitorbyusingartificialmeanstogetthevarnishtolookcracked.TothenakedeyetheforgerymaylookoldbutwhenacarefulstudyoftheX-rayimageismadethedeceptionisobvious.Itwascommonmanyyearsagoforanartisttofinishapaintingdecideitwasn'tanygoodandpaintacompletelydifferentpictureontopofit.Orartistswouldpaintoverothers'work—itwastheirversionofrecycling.TakinganX-rayistheonlywaytofindoutifthereisapictureunderneaththepictureyouseewithyoureyes.Sometimesmuseumswillbemoreinterestedinthepaintingbeneaththantheoneontopandwillrestoretheolderonebyhavingthetoplayerpainstakinglyremoved.63.Whatisthemainpurposeofthearticle?A.Toprovideinformationtopolicewhoarelookingforstolenart.B.Topersuadeartdealerstocheckforfakecopiesbeforesellingart.C.Toexplainhowmoderntechnologycanbeappliedinuniqueways.D.Tohelpartistsrestoredamagedartworktoitsoriginalappearance.64.Accordingtothepassage.X-raysareusedto______.A.makerepairsonpaintingsinthepastB.identifytheauthenticityofanartworkC.changethematerialsofaforgeryD.removetherecyclablepaints65.InParagraph3theworddeceptionprobablymeans______.A.comparisonB.drawbackC.trickeryD.judgement66.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.X-rayDetectivesB.CreativeUsesofTechnologyC.ForgeryStudiesD.X-rayPaintingTechniques

Couldaneaglecarryoffahumanbaby?EversincethestoryofSinbadtheSailorwe’veheardtalesofhumaninfants幼儿carriedoffbybigbirds.SinbadsothestorygoeswascarriedoffbyaRoC.TheRoc---ahugebird---tookSinbadinhisbeak喙andflewhimofftohisnestinthemountains.SinbadandtheRocwereonlyimaginary.Butwhatabouteagles?Cananeagleliftababy?Twoscientistswantedtofindout.TheyclimbedupintothehighmountainsandcaughtagoldeneaglE.Theytiedaneight---poundweighttoitsneck.Eightpoundstheyfeltwasabouttherightweightforaveryyoungbaby.ThentheylettheeagleloosE.Theeaglecouldn’tgetofftheground!40.ThestoryofSinbadtheSailortoldusthat__________.A.SinbadwasaveryyoungbabyB.thebigbirdenjoyedlivinginthemountainsC.SinbadwasonceliftedbyaverybigbirdD.bigbirdsdidharmtohumanbeings41.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Storieshavebeentoldofhumanbeingscarriedoffbybirdsbutwedon’tknowifthesestoriesaretruE.B.TheRocwasarealbirdthatlivedlongago.C.ScientistsaresearchingfortheRocinthemountains.D.TheRocwasmuchbiggerthanthegoldeneaglE.42.Thispassageismainlyabout_______A.eagleB.theliftingpowerofeagleC.twoscientistsD.SinbadtheSailor

Asthepopulationoftheplanetincreasessodoesthenumberofhomesbusinessesparkinglotsschoolsairportsandroadways.Allthesestructuresuseelectricityandneedtobelighted.Humansdemandtheselights.Theywanttheirhomesmorecomfortableandtheywanttheirstreetssage.Theproblemisthatresearchersarefindingthatallthelightishavinganegativeeffectonhumansandwildlifeaswell.Lessthan10yearsagoIdrovetoathinlypopulatedsectionofmytownlaydowninthemiddleoftheroadandwatchedanattractedmeteorshower流星雨.Theareawasshortofhomesstreetlightsandtraffic.IfIdidthattodayIwouldn’tbeabletoseethemeteorshoweraswellandIwouldsurelyberunoverbyacar.Nowadaysscientistsarefindinglightpollutioncanbealmostasbadascarbondioxidepollution.Ifyou’veevertakenaflightatnighttheviewisbeautifulbutyoumustrememberthatallthelightyouseeiswastedelectricity.Thecrewofthespaceshuttlesseeanevenbiggerpictureofhowextensivethewastedelectricityisworldwide.Additionallyelectricityneedstobegeneratedandthegenerationofelectricitycreatespollutionbygivingoffgreenhousegases.Thisaffectstheairwebreatheandourqualityoflife.Scientistsarealsostudyingtheeffectsoflightpollutiononwildlife.Thousandsofbirdsdieeachyearwhentheycrashintohighlylightedbuildingsastheybecomepuzzledbythelight.Ithasbeenlongknownthattinyseaturtlehatchlingsbecomelostandfollowlightsontheshoreinsteadofheadingtowardsthesea.Fortunatelylightpollutionisoneoftheeasiestsourcesofpollutionthatcanbecorrectedwithoutanegativeeffect.FollowingsomeguidelinesandalittlesearchingonGooglecangiveyoumanyideasonhowtoreduceyourcontributiontolightpollution.67.Theauthortellsthestoryinthesecondparagraphmainlyto_________.A.rememberthepastbeautyofthetown.B.stresstheadvantagesoflesspollutionC.showthegreatchangesofthetownD.provethebadeffectsoflightpollution68.Inthepassagetheauthoradvisespeople_________.A.totrytoreduceunnecessarylight.B.nottoignorethebeautyaround.C.tosetproperlightforanimalsD.nottodestroytheanimal’slivingconditions.69.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Lightpollutionisdifficulttodealwith.B.Lightpollutionisathreattosomeanimals.C.LightpollutionhasnothingtodowithglobalwarmingD.Astronautscan’tseeclearlyinspaceduetolightpollution.70.Whatismostlikelytobediscussedintheparagraphwhichfollowsthelastparagraph?A.Theauthor’scontributiontolightpollutionB.OthersourcesoflightpollutionC.WaysofreducinglightpollutionD.Morebadeffectsoflightpollution

Thebiggestsafetythreatfacingairlinestodaymaynotbeaterrorist恐布分子withagunbutthemanwiththeportablecomputerinbusinessclass.Inthelast15yearspilotshavereportedwellover100incidentsthatcouldhavebeencausedbyelectromagnetic电磁interference干扰.Thesourceofthisinterferenceremainsunconfirmedbutincreasinglyexpertsarepointingtheblameatportableelectronicdevicesuchasportablecomputersradioandcassetteplayersandmobiletelephones.RTCAanorganizationwhichadvisestheaviation航空industryhasrecommendedthatallairlinesban禁止suchdevicesfrombeingusedduringcriticalstagesofflightparticularlytake-offandlanding.Someexpertshavegonefurthercallingforatotalbanduringallflights.Currentlyrulesonusingthesedevicesareleftuptoindividualairlines.Andalthoughsomeairlinesprohibit禁止passengersfromusingsuchequipmentduringtake-offandlandingmostarereluctanttoenforceatotalbangiventhatmanypassengerswanttoworkduringflights.Thedifficultyispredictionhowelectromagneticfieldsmightaffectanaircraft’scomputers.Expertsknowthatportabledeviceemitradiationwhichaffectsthosewavelengthswhichaircraftusefornavigationandcommunication.Butbecausetheyhavenotbeenabletoreproducetheseeffectsinalaboratorytheyhavenowayofknowingwhethertheinterferencemightbedangerousornot.Thefactthataircraftmaybevulnerable易受损的tointerferenceraisestheriskthatterroristsmayuseradiosystemsinordertodamagenavigationequipment.Anotherworryingthoughisthepassengerwhocan’theartheinstructionstoturnoffhisradiobecausethemusicistooloud.48.Whatissaidabouttheover100aircraftincidentsinthepast15years?A.Theymayhavetakenplaceduringtake-offandlanding.B.Theymayhavebeencausedbythedamagetotheradiosystems.C.Theyweresuspectedtohaveresultedfromelectromagneticinterference.D.Theywereprovedtohavebeencausedbythepassengers’portablecomputers.49.Fewairlineswanttoimpose强加atotalbanontheirpassengersusingelectronicdevicesbecause.A.theyhaveothereffectivesafetymeasurestofallbackonB.theydon’tbelievethereissuchadangerasradiointerferenceC.theharmfuleffectofelectromagneticinterferenceisyettobeprovedD.mostpassengersrefusetotakeaplanewhichbanstheuseofradioandcassetteplayers50.Whyisitdifficulttopredictthepossibleeffectsofelectromagneticfieldsonanairplane’scomputers?A.Becauseexpertslackadequateequipmenttodosuchresearch.B.Becauseitisextremelydangeroustoconductsuchresearchonanairplane.C.Becauseitremainsamysterywhatwavelengthsareliabletobeinterferedwith.D.Becauseresearchscientistshavenotbeenabletoproducethesameeffectsinlabs.

Ifyoucanreadaclockyoucanknowthetimeoftheday.Butnooneknowswhattimeitselfis.OnewaytothinkabouttimeistoimagineaworldwithouttimE.ButtherecouldbenomovementbecausetimeandmovementcannotbeseparateD.Inearlyhumanhistorytheonlychangesthatseemedtorepeatthemselvesevenlywerethemovementsofobjectsinthesky.Themosteasilyseenresultofthesemovementswasthedifferencebetweenlightanddarkness.Thesunrisesintheeasternskyproducinglight.Itmovesacrosstheskyandsinksinthewestcausingdarkness.Theappearanceanddisappearanceofthesunwasevenandunfailing.TheperiodsoflightanddarknessitcreatedwerethefirstacceptedperiodsoftimE.Wehavenamedeachperiodoflightanddarknessoneday.Peoplesawthesunrisehigherintheskyduringthesummerthaninwinter.Theycountedthedaysthatpassedfromthesun’shighestpositionuntilitreturnedtothatposition.Theycounted365days.WenowknowthatisthetimeEarthtakestomoveoncearoundthesun.Wecallthisperiodoftimeayear.TheyalsodevelopedawaytousethechangingfacesofthemoontotelltimE.ThemoonwasfullwhenitsfacewasbrightandrounD.Theearlyhumanscountedthenumberoftimesthesunappearedbetweenfullmoons.Theylearnedthatthisnumberalwaysremainedthesame---about29suns.Wenowknowthisperiodoftimeasonemonth.Earlyhumanshuntedanimalsandgatheredwildplants.TheymovedingroupsortribesformplacetoplaceinsearchofgooD.Thenpeoplelearnedtoplantseedsandgrowcrops.AshunterspeopledidnotneedawaytomeasuretimE.Asfarmershowevertheyhadtoplantcropsintimetoharvestthembeforewinter.TheyhadtoknowwhentheseasonswouldchangE.Sotheydevelopedcalendars.NooneknowswhenthefirstcalendarwasdevelopeD.Butitseemspossiblethatitwasbasedonmoonsorlunarmonths.41.TheunderlinedwordunfailinginparA.2isclosestinmeaningto_______.A.reliableB.everlastingC.limitedD.changing42.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthemethodearlypeopleusedtotelltime?A.SunpositionB.SunlightnessC.MoonshapeD.Plantingcrops43.Whydidpeopleinventthefirstcalendartomeasuretime?A.Becauseearlyhumanshuntedanimalsandgatheredwildplants.B.BecauseearlyfarmershadtogrowandharvestcropsintimE.C.Becauseearlypeoplehadtosearchforfoodingroups.D.BecauseearlyhumansmovedingroupsortribesfromplacetoplacE.44.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.WhyearlypeopledevelopedcalendarsisnotclearB.Whenthefirstcalendarwasdevelopedremainsunknown.C.Whatearlypeoplebasedthefirstcalendaroniscertain.D.Howearlypeoplecountedadayisstillunknown.45.Itcanbeconcludedfromthetextthat______.A.timeandmovementarelooselyrelatedevenatpresentdaysB.thelightanddarknessdifferencesofthesunweretheonlymovementsinskyC.theperiodoftwenty-ninesunsiscalledonemonthD.earlyhumansfirstacceptedperiodsoftimecreatedbythemoon.

DailyTelegraph-Anenormousnumberofsardines沙丁鱼havebeenphotographedastheyswamintheformationofadolphin海豚.SteveDeNeefphotographedthefishnearCebuinthePhilippinesgroupingtogethertoprotectthemselvesfromlargeranimals.Hesaid:Gettingthepictureofthedolphinshapewasjustaboutbeingintherightspotattherighttimebutitwouldbetotheirbenefitiftheycouldimitate模仿alargeranimal.DailyMail-Blackgarlic-asweetvarietyofthepopularcookingingredientthatdoesn'tleaveyouwithbadbreath-isgettingreadytohittheUKsupermarketshelves.Blackgarlictastesmuchsweeterthantraditionalgarlicandenjoystwicetheamountofanti-oxidants抗氧化剂andcanlasttwiceaslongontheshelf.BBC-ResearchersintheUnitedStateshavedevelopedthefirstwirelesslycontrolleddevice装置thatcansupplyadrugdirectlyintothebody.Asmallchipisimplantedundertheskin.Itcontainsthemedicinewhichitreleasesatprogrammedtimes.Thedeveloperssaythedevicecouldimprovethelivesofmillionsofpeoplewhotakemedicineforlong-termillnessesandmayonedayfreepatientsfromhavingtoremembertotaketheirmedicineorgivethemselvesinjections.VOA-Globalwarmingcouldmakehumansshorterwarnscientistswhoclaimtohavefoundevidencethatitcausedtheworld'sfirsthorsestoshrinknearly50millionyearsago.Astemperatureswentuptheirsizewentdownandviceversa反之亦然;atonepointtheywereassmallasahousecat.Thescientistssaythatthecurrentwarmingcouldhavethesameeffectonmammalsandevenhumans.59.WhatinformationcanweobtainfromSteveDeNeef'swords?A.Thesardinesswimtogethertoprotectthemselvesfromdolphins.B.Thesardineswillbeinsafetywhenmeetingalargeranimal.C.Hetookthisrarepictureofsardinesprobablybyaccident.D.It'seasytogetthepictureofthedolphinshape.60.Incomparisonwithtraditionalgarlicblackgarlic_____.A.willleaveyoumuchstrongerbreathB.ismorepopularintheUKsupermarketC.canbekeptfreshforamuchlongertimeD.containsthesameamountofanti-oxidants61.Whowillprobablyfindthewirelesslycontrolleddevicemostuseful?A.Janetwhoissufferingabadcold.B.Sophiawhohadhadanoperation.C.Winfredwhohasbeenillforlong.D.Lynettewhohasapoormemory.62.TheunderlinedwordshrinkinParagraph4probablymeans_____.A.becomesmallerB.becomeweakerC.growbiggerD.growstronger

Throughouttheworldboysandgirlsprefertoplaywithdifferenttypesoftoys.Boystypicallyliketoplaywithcarsandtruckswhilegirlstypicallychoosetoplaywithdolls.Whyisthis?A.traditionalsociologicalexplanationisthatboysandgirlsaresocializedandencouragedtoplaywithdifferenttypesoftoysbytheirparentspeersandthesociety.Growingscientificevidencesuggestshoweverthatboys’andgirls’toypreferencesmayhaveabiologicalorigin.In2002GerianneM.AlexanderofTexasA&MUniversityandMelissaHinesofCityUniversityinLondonsurprisedthescientificworldbyshowingthatmonkeysshowedthesamesextypicaltoypreferencesashumans.InthestudyAlexanderandHinesgavetwomasculinetoysaballandapolicecartwofemininetoysasoftdollandacookingpotandtwoneutraltoysapicturebookandastuffeddogto44maleand44femalemonkeys.Theythenassessedthemonkeys’preferenceforeachtoybymeasuringhowmuchtimetheyspentwitheach.Theirdatashowedthatmalemonkeysshowedsignificantlygreaterinterestinthemasculinetoysandthefemalemonkeysshowedsignificantlygreaterinterestinthefemininetoys.Thetwosexesdidnotdifferintheirpreferencefortheneutraltoys.Ifchildren’stoypreferenceswerelargelyformedbygendersocializationastraditionalsociologists’claiminwhichtheirparentsgivegenderappropriatetoystoboysandgirlshowcanthesemaleandfemalemonkeyshavethesamepreferencesasboysandgirlsTheywereneversocializedbyhumansandtheyhadneverseenthesetoysbeforeintheirlives.61.Traditionalsociologistsbelieveboys’andgirls’toypreferences________.A.arepasseddownfromtheirparentsB.arelargelyformedinlaterlifeC.havenothingtodowithgendersocializationD.haveabiologicalorigin62.ThestudybyAlexanderandHinesshowsthatmonkeys________.A.alsohaveasextypicaltoypreferenceB.alsoplaytoysashumansdoC.havenotoypreferencesD.liketoplaydifferenttoysatdifferenttime63.AlexanderandHinescarriedoutthestudyto________.A.findmoreevidencefortraditionalsociologyB.testtheintelligenceofmonkeysC.testwhethermonkeysliketoplaytoysD.findoutwhyboysandgirlspreferdifferenttoys64.Accordingtothestudyifgivenastuffeddog________.A.onlythemalemonkeysshowedinterestB.thefemalemonkeysshowedmoreinterestC.themaleandfemalemonkeysshowedthesameinterestD.neitherthemalenorthefemalemonkeysshowedanyinterest65.Masculinetoysaremainlyintendedfor________.A.boysB.adultC.monkeysD.girls

Whatifthosenewjeansyou’vejustboughtstarttweeting吱吱地叫aboutyourlocationasyoucrossLondonBridge?Itsoundsfar-fetchedbutit’spossible—ifoneofyourcoatsisequippedwithatinyradio-frequencyidentificationdeviceRFIDyourlocationcouldberevealedwithoutyouknowingaboutit.RFIDsarechipsthatuseradiowavestosenddatatoareader—whichinturncanbeconnectedtotheweB.Thistechnologyisjustoneofthecurrentwaysofallowingphysicalobjectstogoonline—aconceptcalledtheInternetofthingswhichindustryinsidershaveshortenedtoIoT.ThisiswhennotonlyyourPCtabletandsmartphonecanconnecttothewebbutalsoyourcaryourhomeyourbaseballcapandeventhesheepandcowsonafarm.SmartbuildingsandintelligentcarswithassignedIPaddressesarealreadymakingcitiessmarter—andsoonenoughtheentireplanetmayfollow.AtypicalcityofthefutureinafullIoTsituationcouldbeaplacewithsmartcameraseverywhereneurosensors神经监测系统scanningyourbrainforover-activityineverystreetsaysRobvanKranenburgamemberoftheEuropeanCommission’sIoTexpertgroup.ThisvisionmightstillbeyearsoffbutonebyonesmartercitiesarebeginningtocropuparoundourlandscapE.IoTadvocatesclaimthatoverallinterconnectivitywouldallowustolocateandmonitoreverythingeverywhereandatanytimE.Imagineasmartbuildingwhereamanagercanknowhowmanypeopleareinsidejustbywhichroomsarereflectingmotion—forinstanceviamotion-sensitivelightssaysConstantineValhoulifromtheHammersmithGroupastrategyconsultingfirm.Thiscouldhelpsavelivesinanemergency.ButasmoreobjectsgointothedigitalworldthefinelinethatseparatesthebenefitsofincreasinglysmarttechnologyandpossibleprivacyconcernsbecomesreallyblurreD.TheIoTchallengeislikelytogrowbothinscaleandcomplexityassevenbillionhumansareexpectedtocoexistwith70billionmachinesandperhaps70000billion‘smartthings’withnumbersinvadingthelastfencesofpersonallifesaysGeraldSantucciheadofthenetworkedenterpriseandRFIDunitattheEuropeanCommission.Insuchanewcontexttheworriesincrease:towhatextentcanmonitoringofpeoplebeaccepted?WhichprinciplesshouldgovernthedeploymentoftheIoT?72.Thefirstparagraphisusedto________.A.introduceanewkindofjeanstoreadersB.arousereaders’interestintheRFIDC.drawreaders’attentiontothenewjeansD.setanexampleofusingtheRFID73.TheunderlinedphrasecropupinParA.8canbereplacedby__________.A.appearB.cooperateC.developD.change74.WhatcanweknowaboutIoT?A.A.typicalcityinafullIoTsituationhascomeintoreality.B.TheapplicationofIoTmayinvadepeople’sprivacy.C.ThetechnologyofIoThassavedlivesinanemergency.D.IoThasbeenlargelyusedinmanycities.75.Ifthistextcontinueswhatwouldbediscussednext?A.Solutionsofdefendingpeople’sprivacy.B.ThedevelopmentoftheIoT.C.Thecontrolonmonitoring.D.Smarttechnology’sdisadvantages.

ResearchledbyUKandAustralianscientistssheds发出newlightontherolethatourancestorsplayedintheextinctionofAustralia'sprehistoricanimals.ThenewstudyprovidesthefirstevidencethatTasmania'sgiantprehistoricanimalswerestilllivingontheislandwhenhumansfirstarriveD.ThefindingssuggestthatthemassextinctionofTasmania'slargeprehistoricanimalswastheresultofhumanhuntingandnotclimatechangeaspreviouslybelieveD.ScientistshavelongarguedoverthereasonsbehindtheworldwidemassextinctionthattookplacetowardstheendofthelasticeagE.Themainculpritsaregenerallythoughttobeclimatechangeorsomeformofhumanimpact.PeopleonlyarrivedinTasmaniaaround43000yearsagowhentheislandbecametemporarilyconnectedbyalandbridgetomainlandAustraliA.NoneofTasmania'sgiantanimalsknownasmegafaunawereknowntohavesurviveduntilthistimE.Thisappearedtoclearhumansofanyinvolvementinthedisappearanceoftheisland'slargemegafaunA.ThisnewinternationalstudyreportsthediscoveryofgiantkangaroossurvivinginTasmaniauntilpeoplearrivedplacinghumansbackonthelistoflikelyculpritsfortheextinctionofthemegafaunA.UsingthelatesttechniquestheteamwereabletodeterminetheageofthefossilizedremainsofthemegafaunamoreaccuratelythaneverbeforE.Theresultsshowedthatsomeoftheseanimalssurviveduntilatleast41000yearsago一muchlaterthanpreviouslythoughtandupto2000yearsafterthefirsthumansettlersarriveD.AsclimateinTasmaniawasnotchangingdramaticallyatthistimetheresearchersarguethatthisisevidenceofthesespeciesbeingdriventoextinctionthroughover-huntingbyhumans.58.TheunderlinedwordculpritsinParagraph3probablymeans______.A.resultsB.signalsC.theoriesD.reasons59.Thethirdparagraphmainlytellsus________.A.theconclusionofpreviousstudiesB.whenandhowhumansarrivedinTasmaniaC.thedisappearanceofTasmania'sgiantanimalsD.thereasonsfortheworldwidemassextinction60.ItcanbeinferredfromtheresultsofthenewstudythatafterhumansarrivedinTasmania_________.A.theykilledalotofgiantanimalsB.giantanimalsbegantodisappearC.theybuiltabridgetothemainlandD.climatebegantochangedramatically61.Thebesttitleforthepassagewouldbe________.A.GiantprehistoricanimalsfoundinTasmaniaB.ClimatechangeandhumanactivitiesC.Humansinvolvedinprehistoricanimals’extinctionD.Rolesofclimatechangeandhumanactivities

Haveyoueversuddenlyfeltthatsomeoneyouknewwasintrouble—andwashe?Haveyoueverdreamedofsomethingthatcametruelater?MaybeyouhaveESP超感觉知觉.ESPstandsforExtrasensoryPerception.ItmaybecalledasixthsensE.Itseemstoletpeopleknowabouteventsbeforetheyhappenoreventsthatarehappeningsomedistanceaway.Here’sanexamplE.A.womanwasironingclothes.SuddenlyshescreamedMyfatherisdead!Isawhimsittinginthechair!JustthenatelegramcamE.Thewoman’sfatherdiedofaheartattack.Hediedsittinginachair.TherearethousandsofstorieslikethisoneonrecorD.Scientistsarestudyingthemtofindoutwhat’sbehindthesestrangementalmessages.Here’sanotherexample—oneofhundredsofdreamsthathavecometruE.Amandreamedhewaswalkingalongaroadwhenahorseandcarriagecameby.ThedriversaidThere’sroomforonemorE.Themanfeltthedriverseemeddeadsoheranaway.ThenextdaywhenthemanwasgettingonacrowdedbusthebusdriversaidThere’sroomforonemorE.Thenthemansawthatthedriver’sfacewasthesamefacehehadseeninthedream.Hewouldn’tgetonthebus.Asthebusdroveoffitcrashedandburstintoflames.Everyonewaskilled!Somepeoplesaystorieslikethesearecoincidences.OthersincludingsomescientistssaythatESPisreal.FromstudiesofESPwemaysomedaylearnmoreaboutthehumanminD.59.Accordingtothepassagetheauthorbelievesthatthesixthsenseis.A.inexistenceB.imaginativeC.notrealD.impossible60.ESPletspeopleknow________.A.abouteventsbeforetheyhappenB.abouteventsaftertheyhappenC.abouteventsthatarehappeningsomedistanceawayD.AandC.61.BystudyingESPscientistsmaygetto.A.learnhowpeopletellliesB.knowmoreabouthumandreamsC.knowmoreabouthumanmindD.learnhowstrangethingshappen62.Inthelastparagraphtheunderlinedwordcoincidencesprobablymeans.A.thingsthatmaynothappenB.thingsthathappeninadreamC.thingsthatmusthappenD.thingsthathappenbyaccident63.Thisarticleismainlyabout.A.thehumandreamB.thesixthsenseC.thehumanmindD.acrowdedbus

ThequalityofdrinkingwaterinShanghaiwillmeetEuropeanUnionstandardby2010andadecadelatercitizensinShanghaiwilldrinkthebestwaterintheworlD.ThesewerethegoalssetoutbytheShanghaiWaterAuthority.Withthecity’spopulationexpectedtoincreaseonlyslightlyandtheeconomytoboomby2020ChenYinandofficialwiththewaterauthoritysaidShanghai’swaterconsumptionwillnotincreasefromitspresentamount.ZhangYuedirectoroftheUrbanConstructionDivisionundertheMinistryofConstructionsaidShanghaiisthefirstcityinthecountrytopublicizetheseambitions.TheywillnotbeeasytoachievE.HesaidwatersavingwillhelpkeepthesustainabledevelopmentofChina’seconomy.Savingonecubicmeterofwatermeanssavingthecity’sinfrastructure基础设施costsby10000Yuan.LastyearShanghaisaved300millioncubicmetersofwatereitherfromreadjustmentofindustrialstructureortheemploymentofnewtechnology.TheaimistoarousepublicawarenessoftheseriousnessofwatershortagesChensaiD.Theabundantsurfacewaterandamountofrainofthecityaresomisleadingthattheyresultinimproperuseofwater.Shanghailacksdrinkablewater.TheHuangpuRiverwhichsupplies80percentofthecity’sdrinkablewaterisnearingexhaustion.ThecitythereforehasbeenexploringnewsourcesfromtheYangtzeRiverandgrowingforestsalongittoconservequalitywater.BesidespenningregulationstheauthorityispopularizingtechnologyamongthepublictoefficientlycuttheamountofwateruseD.Atpresentthecityhas600000familytoiletseachusing13litersofwaterperflush.Thesearetoberenovated整修touseonly9litersofwaterperflush.Theauthorityisrenovatingthefirst200toiletsforhouseholds–atacostof40Yuaneach.Inthreeyearsallthetoiletswillberenovatedwhichsavesthecitynearly15millionYuaneveryyearinwaterconservation.Anothertaskthecityisengagedinisthetreatmentofsewage污水toimprovethewaterenvironment.Atpresentthecitycanonlytreat44percentofitsdaily5.04milliontonsofwastewater.Tomeetthetotaldemand27moresewagetreatmentfactoriesaretobeestablishedwithanestimatedinvestmentof18billionYuan.46.PeopleinShanghaigettheirdailywatermainlyfromnow.A.theundergroundB.therainC.theYangtzeRiverD.theHuangpuRiver47.Accordingtothepassagesomepeoplehavethewrongopinionofusingwaterbecause.A.therenovatingoffamilytoiletswillsaveplentyofwaterB.abouthalfofwastewaterhasbeentreatedalreadyC.advancedtechnologymakespeopleusewaterasmuchaspossibleD.thereisplentysurfacewaterandlargeamountofrainatpresent48.Theauthorityisrenovatingthefirst200toiletsforhouseholdsto.A.makepeople’slivingmoreconvenientB.improvepeople’slivingstandardsC.easeemploymentpressureD.meetthetotaldemandofwater49.Whichgroupofmeasuresareallmentionedinthepassagetosavewater?a.improvedrinkingwaterqualityb.changesomeindustrialstructurec.introduceorusesomenewtechnologyd.speedtheeconomicdevelopmentofShanghaie.renovatesomefamilytoiletsf.buildmoresewagetreatmentfactoriesA.abcdB.bcefC.bcdeD.abef50.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.A.theboomofeconomywillneedalargeramountofwaterinthefutureB.citizenstodayinShanghaidrinkthebestqualityofwaterintheworldC.noteveryonetodayinShanghaiisawareofwatershortageD.allthefamilytoiletswillberenovatedtosavewaterwithin3years

TheInternethasledtoahugeincreaseincredit-cardfrauD.YourcardinformationcouldevenbeforsaleinanillegalwebsitE.WebsitesofferingcheapgoodsandservicesshouldberegardedwithcarE.On-lineshopperswhoentertheircredit-cardinformationmayneverreceivethegoodstheythoughttheybought.Thethievesthengoshoppingwithyourcardnumber—orselltheinformationovertheInternet.Computershackershavebrokendownsecuritysystemsraisingquestionsaboutthesafetyofcardholderinformation.Severalmonthsago25000customersofCDUniverseanon-linemusicretailer零售商werenotlucky.Theirnamesaddressesandcredit-cardnumberswerepostedonaWebsiteaftertheretailerrefusedtopayUS$157828togetbacktheinformation.Credit-cardfirmsarenowfightingagainston-linefrauD.MasterCardisworkingonplansforWeb—onlycreditcardwithalowercreditlimit.Thecardcouldbeusedonlyforshoppingon-linE.HoweverthereareafewsimplestepsyoucantaketokeepfrombeingcheateD.Askaboutyourcredit-cardfirm’son-linerules:UnderBritishlawcardholdershavetopaythefirstUS$78ofanyfraudulent欺骗性的spending.Andshoponlyatsecuresites;Sendyourcredit-cardinformationonlyiftheWebsiteoffersadvancedsecuresystem.Ifthesecurityisinplacealetterwillappearinthebottomright-handcornerofyourscreen.TheWebsiteaddressmayalsostarthttps://—theextrasstandsforsecurE.Ifindoubtgiveyourcredit-cardinformationoverthetelephonE.Keepyourpasswordsafe:Moston-linesitesrequireausernameandpasswordbeforeplacinganorder.TreatyourpasswordswithcarE.45.WhatdomostpeopleworryabouttheInternetaccordingtothispassage?A.Manystolencredit-cardsweresoldontheInternet.B.ToomuchfraudontheInternet.C.ManyWebsitesaredestroyeD.D.ManyillegalWebsitesareontheInternet.46.Whatisthemeaningoffraudinthepassage?A.Cheating.B.SalE.C.Payment.D.Safety.47.Howcanthethievesgettheinformationofthecreditcard?A.Thecustomersgivethemtheinformation.B.ThethievesstealtheinformationfromWebsites.C.Thecustomersselltheinformationtothem.D.Thethievesbuytheinformationfromcredit-cardfirms.48.Youareshoppingonthesite:http://www.Shopping.comandyouwanttobuyaTVsetwhatdoesthisarticlesuggesttodo?A.OrdertheTVsetatoncE.B.DonotbuytheTVsetonthissitE.C.E-mailthesiteyourcredit-cardinformation.D.TellthesiteyourpasswordandbuytheTVsetforyou.

Wuggingorweb-usegivingdescribestheactofgivingtocharityatnocosttotheuser.ByusingEveryclick.comwhichisbeingaddedtoanumberofuniversitycomputersacrosstheUKstudentscanraisemoneyeverytimetheysearch;butitwon’tcostthemapenny.Researchshowsthatstudentsareextremelypassionateaboutsupprtingcharity-88%offull-timestudentshaveusedtheIntenettogivetocharity.ThisagegroupisoftentheleastlikelytohavetheirownincomE.19%of22yearoldshaveshort-termdebtsofmorethan£5000.Withrisingpersonaldebtlevelsinthisagegroupduetouniversitytuitionfeesorpersonalloansandalackoflong-termsavingstraditionalmethodsofdonatingtocharityareoftennotappealingorpossiblE.BethTrumana21-year-oldrecentuniversitygraduatehasusedEveryclick.comtodonatetoherchosencharitytheRSPCAfortwoyearsandhasseenthewugginggrowinpopularitywithstudents.wugginggrowinpopularitywithstudents.Whenyou’reatuniversityyoubecomemoresociallyawarebutit’ssometimeshardtogivetootherswhenyouhavelittlemoneyyourselfsaysBeth.Wuggingisgreatforpeopleinthisagegroupasitallowsthemtousethetechnologyonadailybasistogivetocharitywithoutcostingthemasinglepenny.Wuggingisperfectforpeoplewhowanttobemoresociallyawareandsupportivebutdon’tfeeltheyhavethemeanstodoso.Studentsusingthewebcanraisemoneyforcausestheycareaboutwithoutcostingthemanythingintermsoftimeormoneyandcharitiesgetavaluablesourceoffunding.Everyclick.comworkslikeanyothersearchengineallowinguserstosearchforinformationnewsandimagesbutusescandecidewhichoftheUK’s170000charitiestheywouldliketosupportthroughtheirclicksEveryclick.comthenmakesmonthlypaymentstoeveryregisteredcharity.LaunchedinJune2005Everyclick.comisnowtheeighthlargestsearchengineandoneofthebusiestcharitywebsitesintheUK.66.Accordingtothepassagewuggingisactually.A.awebsiteB.acharity-relatedactionC.aschoolorganizationD.astudentmovement67.InthecaseofcharityEveryclick.com.A.freesstudentsofthefinancialworriesB.receivesmuchmoneyfromstudentsC.offersvaluableinformationtostudentsD.praisesstudentsfortheirmoney-raising68.whatdoesBethTrumanthinkofthewuggingmovement?A.ItmakesEveryclick.comepopularintheUKB.ItbecomeseasytodocharitybecauseofitC.Itresultsinstudents’moresocialawarenessD.Ithelpsstudentstosavemoney69.Fromthepassagewecanconcludethat.A.mostfull-timestudentsdocharityontheInterneteverydayB.Everyclick.comhelpsstudentspayforthecollegeeducationC.wuggingisawin-winideaforbothstudentsandcharitiesD.Everyclick.comisthemostsuccessfulsearchengineintheUK.70.Whatwouldbethetitleforthispassage?A.wugginganewpopulattermontheInternet.B.Britishpeopleshowstronginterestincharity.C.MoreBritaincharitiesbenefitfromtheInternet.D.Studentsraisemoneyforcharitybywugging

Cellphoneshavelongbeenmorethanjusttelephones.Theycantakeandsendphotographsplaymusicevenuseadog'sbarkasaringtonE.Thedesignofcellphonesthoughhasalwaysbeenthedomainoftechnologyfreaks不正常的现象.Nowcellphonemanufacturershavebegantothinkofthemaslifestyleaccessoriestobeshownoffincafesandclubs.Nokiaforinstancehasjustlaunchedanup-marketbrandVertuwhichinpriceandmaterialsusedcanbecomparedwithanexpensivewatch.Siemenstooisexpectedtotryandtapthenewmarketforfashionablephones.Knownforitshightechnicalqualitythecompanyisstartingtofocusmoreontrendydesign.AlexanderKrugajournalistfortheGermantelecommunicationsmagazineConnectsaysThiswaswhySiemenscameupwithits'Xelibri'branD.Theyarebasicallytelephonesbutreallytheyarefashionaccessories.SiemenslaunchedfoursuchmodelsinGermanythisAprilsimplycalled123and4whichcostUS$400.OnelooksabitlikeacellphonebuttheotherslooklikeaUFOadesignerremotecontroldeviceandawatch.Motorolaisalsobringingoutdesignsthatdepartfromthenorm.Since2002ithasbeenmarketingtheV70witharounddisplayandarotating旋转的openingmechanism.Designisthepriorityfortheselifestylecellphones.TechnicalfunctionscomeseconD.A.MotorolaspokeswomansaysthattheV70comesequippedwithonlybasics.WhileSiemensadmitsthatfortheirXelibrirangeWehavenotconcentratedonparticulartechnologies.ThetargetgroupforsuchphonesisthosewhoalreadyownacellphoneandmightwantaseconD.Theyareforpeoplewhogotoaclubandwantatrendylittleapparatus装置toshowoffitsays.Aslifestylecellphonesarenotaimedatthemassmarketexpertscannotagreeiftheyhaveagreatfutureornot.KrugsaysthatwhilemostcanbeaffordedbypeoplewithagoodjobNokia'sVertuisinadifferentclass:ThatisonlyforpeoplewhowearaUS$10000watch.1.Whydothecellphonemakersbegintodevelopnewmodels?A.Tokeepupwithhightechnology.B.TobeshownoffbysomewealthypeoplE.C.Todominatethemassmarket.D.Toshowtheirhightechnicalquality.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordtrendyinparagraph4mean?Itmeans________.A.latestB.valuableC.fashionableD.popular3.WhichisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Mostpeoplethinkofcellphonesnotonlyasmeansofcommunication.B.Cellphonescanbeusedasexpensivewatches.C.NokiaSiemensandMotorolaareallpowerfulcellphonemakers.D.Allthecellusersliketowearthenewmodelcellsinpublicplaces.

Thestereotype固有观念ofcomputerscientistsasnerdswhostayupallnightcodingandhavenosociallifemaybedrivingwomenawayfromthefieldaccordingtoanewstudypublishedthismonth.ThisstereotypecanbebroughttomindbasedonlyontheappearanceoftheenvironmentinaclassroomoranofficE.Whenpeoplethinkofcomputersciencetheimagethatimmediatelypopsintomanyoftheirmindsisaboutthecomputergeek怪人surroundedbysuchthingsascomputergamessciencefictionandjunkfoodsaidSapnaCheryanauniversityofWashingtonassistantprofessorofpsychologyandthestudy'sleadauthor.Thatstereotypedoesn'tappealtomanywomenwhodon'tliketheportraitofmasculinity男性化.Cheryansetupfourexperimentsinvolvingmorethan250femaleandmalestudentswhowerenotstudyingcomputersciencetolookatpossiblereasonswhytheproportionofwomeninthefieldisdroppingwhiletheproportionofwomeninsuchdisciplinesasbiologymathematicsandchemistryisincreasing.InthefirstexperimentstudentsenteredasmallclassroomthateithercontainedobjectsstereotypicallyassociatedwithcomputersciencesuchasStarTrekpostersvideogameboxesandCokecansornon－stereotypicalitemssuchasnaturepostersartadictionaryandcoffeecups.Thestudentsweretoldtoignoretheseobjectsbecausetheroomwasbeingsharedwithanotherclass.Afterspendingseveralmomentsintheclassroomthestudentsfilledoutquestionnaires调查问卷thataskedabouttheirattitudetowardcomputersciencE.Womenexposedtothestereotypicalsetupexpressedlessinterestincomputersciencethanthosewhosawthenon－stereotypicalobjects.MenplacedinthesamesituationsdidnotshowasimilardropininterestincomputersciencE.Cheryansaidthisstudysuggeststhatastudent'schoiceofclassesoramajorcanbeinfluencedbytheappearanceofclassroomshallsandoffices.6.TheunderlinedwordnerdsinParagraph1probablyrefersto________.A.dullpersonsB.activepersonsC.intelligentpersonsD.funnypersons7.Womenarelesslikelytochoosecomputersciencebecause________.A.itistoodifficultforthemB.theyhavewrongunderstandingofitC.thelifestyleofcomputerscientiststurnsthemawayD.theydon'tlikethesociallifeofcomputerscientists8.A.womanwouldprobablyloseinterestincomputersciencewhensheseesa________.A.StarTrekposterB.natureposterC.dictionaryD.coffeecup9.Whatcaninfluenceawoman'schoiceofclassesaccordingtothepassage?A.ThecontentsofcomputersciencE.B.Thespaceintheclassroom.C.Thenumberofstudentsintheclassroom.D.Theclassroomenvironment.10.Accordingtotheexperimentwomenaremorelikelytochoosecomputerscienceif________.A.itismademorelivelyandinterestingB.theyareexposedtothestereotypicalsetupC.theyseethenon－stereotypicalobjectsintheclassroomD.theyareallowedtolearnitwithoutmen

Whydomendieearlierthanwomen?Thelatestresearchmakesitknownthatthereasoncouldbethatmen’sheartsgointorapiddeclinewhentheyreachmiddleagE.Thelargeststudyoftheeffectsofageingonthehearthasfoundthatwomen’slongevitymaybelinkedtothefactthattheirheartsdonotlosetheirpumpingpowerwithagE.Wehavefoundthatthepowerofthemaleheartfallsby20-25percentbetween18and70yearsofagesaidtheheadofthestudyDavidGoldspinkofLiverpoolJohnMooresUniversityintheUK.Withinthehearttherearemillionsofcellsthatenableittobeat.Betweentheageof20and70one-thirdofthosecellsdieandarenotreplacedinmensaidGoldspink.Thisispartoftheageingprocess.Whatsurprisesscientistsisthatthefemaleheartseesverylittlelossofthesecells.A.healthy70-year-oldwoman’sheartcouldperformalmostaswellasa20-year-oldone’s.Thisgender性别differencemightjustexplainwhywomenlivelongerthanmensaidGoldspink.Theystudiedmorethan250healthymenandwomenbetweentheagesof18and80focusingonhealthypersonstoremovetheconfusinginfluenceofdiseasE.TheteamhasyettofindwhyageingtakesagreaterlossonthemaleheartsaidGoldspink.ThegoodnewsisthatmencanimprovethehealthoftheirheartwithregularexercisE.GoldspinkstressedthatwomenalsoneedregularexercisetopreventtheirlegmusclesbecomingsmallerandweakerastheyagE.51.Theunderlinedwordlongevityinthesecondparagraphprobablyrefersto________.A.healthB..longlifeC..ageingD..effect52.Thetextmainlytalksabout________.A.men’sheartcellsB.women’sageingprocessC.thegenderdifferenceD.heartsandlonglife53.AccordingtothetexttheUKscientistshaveknownthat________.A.womenhavemorecellsthanmenwhentheyarebornB.womencanreplacethecellsthatenablethehearttobeatC.thefemaleheartlosesfewofthecellswithageD.womenneverlosetheirpumpingpowerwithage

Humanactivityhasinfluencednotonlytheenvironmentweliveinbutalsosomepartsoftheworldnoonehasbeento.Increasedlevelsofcarbondioxide二氧化碳intheatmosphereproducedbyforestburningautomobilesandindustryhasledtorapidchangesinuntouchedareasofSouthAmerica'sAmazonianrainforest.ThelatestresultsofastudycarriedoutbyUSandBrazilianscientistsshowthatcarbondioxidelevelshaverisenby30percentinthelast200years.Thegasisusedinphotosynthesis光合作用theprocessbywhichorganisms生物体changesunlightintoenergy.ThehigherlevelofcarbondioxideiscausingsometreesintheAmazonianrainforesttogrowfasteranddiesooner.Asaresultcertainplantsandanimalscoulddisappear.Tropicalrainforestsarefamousforhavinglotsofspecialspecies种类saidWilliamLauranceleaderoftheresearchteam.Ifyouchangethetreetypesthenotherspeciesparticularlyanimalsthatfeedonthetreeswillchangeaswell.WithcertaintreesgrowingfasteranddyingsoonertheplantsthatliveintheirshadowsarealsothreateneD.AlexandreOliveiraanothermemberoftheresearchteamexplainedLargefastgrowingtreesarewinningattheexpenseofsmallertreesthatlivelowerdown.Theteamhasspentthelast20yearsfollowingthelifepatterns模式of14000treesspreadacrossanareaof190squarekilometers.Theyhavefoundthatthepeopleresponsibleforthedeathoftherainforestsarenotjusthuntersandthosewhocutdowntrees.Somethingasinnocent清白的asdrivingthecartotheshopsinsteadofwalkingcanalsocausedamagE.7.Whatdoesharmtoourenvironmentaccordingtothepassage?A.Dyinganimals.B.Humanactivity.C.Chemicalplants.D.Burninghouses.8.ThereasonforSouthAmerica'sAmazonianrainforesttogrowfasteranddiesooneris________.A.thatlevelsofcarbondioxidehaverisenB.thatpeopleburnplentyofrainforestsfreelyC.thatthegascanchangesunlightintoenergyD.thattropicalweatherchangesfromtimetotime9.Thepassageismostprobably________.A.governmentnewsB.awildexperimentC.ageographybookD.anexperimentalreport10.Fromthepassagewecaninferthat________.A.thosewhogocampinginforestsshouldn'tberesponsibleB.innocentpeopleshoulddrivecarsintorainforestsC.thosewhocutdowntreeswillbepunishedD.peoplewhocutdowntreesshouldplantmoretrees

LikemanyothersmallboysIwasfascinatedbycarsespeciallybecausemyoldestbrotherwasabitofacarguyandsubscribedtocoolmagazineslikeCarandDriverandMotorTrenD.EverysooftenoneofthosemagazineswouldrunanarticleontheCaroftheFuture.Theyfeaturedunconventionalthingslikesmallnuclearreactorsaspowersources.Yetfranklymycardoesn’tdoanythingthatmybrother’sStudebakerdidn’tdo.ItgoesitstopsitburnsgasolinE.IstillhavetosteeritanditstillrunsintothingsifIdon’tsteeritcarefully.Butguesswhat?Allofthesethingsarelikelytochangeinthenot-so-distantfuturE.ItmaynotburngasolineImaynothavetosteeritanditmaybealotbetteratnotrunningintothings.Airbags安全气囊aren'tthebe-allandend-allinsafety.Infactconsideringtherecentnewsaboutpeopleoccasionallybeingkilledbytheirairbagsinlow-speedcollisionstheyobviouslystillneedsomedevelopment.Buttheyaren'tgoingawayandinfactyoucanexpecttoseecarsappearingwithadditionalside-impactairbagssomethingsomeEuropeancarmanufacturersalreadyoffer.Betterthansystemstominimizeinjuryintheeventofanaccidenthoweveraresystemsthatminimizethelikelihoodofanaccidenthappening.Futurecarsmaybeabletoremovemanyofthemajorcausesofaccidentsincludingdrunk-drivingandtailgating与前车距离过近.Carscouldbeequippedwithsensorsthatcandetectalcoholinadriver'ssystemandpreventthecarfrombeingstartedforexamplE.Asearlyasnextyearyou'llbeabletobuycarswithradar-equippedcontrolsystems.Iftheradardeterminesyou'reclosingtooquicklywiththecarinfrontitwilleaseuponthethrottle油门.Willcarseventuallybeabletodrivethemselves?There'snoreasontothinkitwon'tbetechnicallypossibleandMercedesisworkingonasystemthatcanbrakeaccelerateandsteeravehicledownahighwayonitsown.Nobodyreallyexpectspeopletogiveupallcontroltotheircarsbutsuchsystemscouldbeusedasfailsafe自动防止故障systemstokeepcarsontheroadandbringthemsafelytoastopevenifthedriversuddenlybecamedisableD.71.Whywastheauthorfascinatedbycars?A.Becausehereadunconventionalthingsaboutcarsinhisbrother'smagazines.B.Becauseothersmallboyslikedtoownacaroftheirowntoo.C.Becausehisoldestbrotherlovedtotakehimtoplacesinhiscar.D.Becausehesubscribedtocoolcarmagazines.72.Bysayingmycardoesn'tdoanythingthatmybrother'sStudebakerdidn’tdotheauthormeansthat_____.A.mycarisfarbetterthanmybrother'sB.mycarisnotasgoodasmybrother'sC.muchimprovementhasbeenmadeinthedesignofcarsrecentlyD.notmuchhaschangedintheperformanceofcarssofar73.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueofairbags?A.Theyaregoingtodisappeargradually.B.Theyareinneedoffurtherimprovement.C.Theykillpeopleinsteadofprotectingtheminlow-speedcollisions.D.TheyareastandardfeatureofEuropeancars.74.Accordingtotheauthorwhatwillfuturecarsdoifthesensorsdetectalcoholinthedriver'ssystem?A.TheywillgiveawarninginadvancE.B.Theywillbrakeautomatically.C.Theywillnotstart.D.TheywilleaseuponthethrottlE.75.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Carswillbeabletodrivethemselves.B.PeoplewillgiveupallcontroltotheircarsC.Nocarswilleverbreakdownontheroads.D.Carswillallbeequippedwithfailsafesystems.

A.desertisabeautifullandofsilenceandspacE.Thesunshinesthewindblowsandtimeandspaceseemendless.Nothingissoft.Thesandandrocksarehardandmanyoftheplantsevenhavehardneedlesinsteadofleaves.Thesizeandlocation分布oftheworld’sdesertsarealwayschanging.Overmillionsofyearsasclimateschangeandmountainsrisenewdryandwetareasdevelop.Butwithinthelast100yearsdesertshavebeengrowingatafrighteningspeeD.Thisispartlybecauseofnaturalchangesbutthegreatestmakersarehumans.Humanscanmakedesertsbuthumanscanalsopreventtheirgrowth.AlgeriaMauritaniaisplantingasimilarwallaroundNouakchottthecapital.Iranputsathincoveringofpetroleum石油onsandyareasandplantstrees.Theoilkeepsthewaterandsmalltreesinthelandandmenonmotorcycles摩托车keepthesheepandgoatsaway.TheUSSRandIndiaarebuildinglongcanalstobringwatertodesertareas.40.Inthispassageneedlesrefersto_______.A.smallthinpiecesofsteel.B.longthinpiecesofbranches.C.smallpointedgrowthonthestem茎ofaplant.D.smallthinpiecesofsticks.41.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Thegreatestdesertmakersarehumans.B.Therearen’tanylivingthingsinthedeserts.C.Desertshavebeengrowingquickly.D.Thesizeofthedesertsisalwayschanging.42.WecanguessthatMauritaniaandAlgeriabelongto_______.A.AsiancountriesB.AmericancountriesC.EuropeancountiesD.Africancountries43.ChoosethesentencewhichbestgivesthemainideaofthepassagE.A.Thedesertsoftheworldarealwayschanging.B.Manistotakemeasurestocontrolthegrowthoftheworld’sdeserts.C.DesertsarelandsofsilenceandspacE.D.Desertshavegrownatafastpaceinthepast10years.

TheSouthPoleisaparticularplaceontheearth.Whenpeoplestandatthetopofitlookingaroundtheywillfindalldirectionsfacetonorth.Nomatterhowtheymaketheirfirststepinwhichdirectiontheywillalwayswalktowardsthenorth.That’stosayonlynorthandsouthexistthereneithereastnorwestexists.AtthetopoftheSouthPoleanyclockorwatchkeepsgoodtimebecauseallmeridians子午线jointherE.AllkindsoflocaltimearecompletelysuitabletherE.Itisevendifficulttodistinguish区别NewYear’sEvefromNewYear’sDay.Theexplorersandscientistsfromdifferentcountriesalwaysfixthetimeaccordingtotheirown.ThereforethetimebytheirwatcheswasdifferentwhenthepeoplewithdifferentnationalitygatheredtherE.TheWinterSolstice冬至日isanimportantfestivalattheSouthPolE.ItisalwaysonJune21or22.ThisdayiscalledMidwinterFestivalonwhichthedaytimeistheshortestinayearandthenightthelongest.AllpeopleattheSouthPoleextendgreetingstoeachotherandpresentgiftstoeachother.Theyusuallygiveallkindsofcelebrations.Fromthatdayonthedaytimewillgetlongerdaybyday.60.AtthetopoftheSouthPoleyourwatchwill________.A.keepgoodtimeB.befiveminutesfastC.stopD.betenminutesslow61.Thetimebythewatchesoftheexplorersandscientistsfromdifferentcountriesis________.A.alwaysthesameB.notalwaysdifferentC.alwaysslowD.notalwaysthesame62.TheWinterSolsticeisanimportantfestival________.A.intheworldB.attheNorthPoleC.attheSouthPoleD.inChina63.OntheWinterSolstice________istheshortestinayear.A.thenightB.thenoonC.themorningD.thedaytime

Anewstudyshowsthatlargeamountsofvitaminsandmineralscanslowthelossofsightlinkedtoaging.Theconditioniscalledage-relatedmaculardegenerationorA-M-D.ThediseaseisamajorcauseofblindnessamongoldpeoplE.Doctorsdon'tknowwhatcausesit.Thediseasedestroysthecentralpartoftheretina视网膜thecellsatthebackoftheeyethatgatherlight.ThefirstsignofA-M-Dusuallyisalossofvisualclearness.Peoplewiththediseasehavetroublereadingdrivingandrecognizingfaces.Theycan'tseeclearlythroughthecenteroftheireyes.Theymustlookatthingsfromthesidesoftheireyes.OvertimeA-M-Dcancauseblindness.TheNationalEyeInstitutecarriedoutthesix-yearstudy.Almost5000peoplein11areasoftheUSAtookpart.Theywerebetweentheagesof55and80.Someofthepeoplehadmoresevereformsofthediseasethanothers.Theresearcherstestedacombinationoflargeamountsofvitaminsandminerals.SomepeopleinthestudyweregiventhemineralzinC.OtherstookthevitaminsC.andE.A.thirdgroupreceivedboththezincandvitamins.Theremainingpeopletookinactivesubstancescalledplacebos安慰剂.Thepeopleinthestudywereinthreegroups.Basedontheseverityoftheirdiseasetheresearcherscomparedthevisionabilitiesandotherconditionsofthepatientsafter5yearsoftreatment.TheirfindingswerepublishedintheArchivesofOphthalmology眼科学.ThescientistssaythecombinationofvitaminsandzinchadnoeffectonpatientswiththeleastsevereformofA-M-D.HowevertheysaythevitaminsandzinchelpedpeoplewithmoreseriousA-M-D.ThetreatmentcuttheriskofdevelopingthemostsevereformofA-M-Dbyabout25%.ThevitaminsandzincalsopreventedsomevisionlossforthosepatientsalreadysufferingsevereA-M-D.Thepatientstak-ingzincandvitaminsseparatelyalsowerehelpedbutnotasmuchasthosetakingboth.EarlierstudieshadshownthatpeoplewhoeatlargeamountsoffruitsandvegetablescontainingimportantvitaminsareatlowerriskofdevelopingtheeyediseasE.5.ThediseaseofA-M-Dcanleadto________.A.blindnessB.visualclearnessC.visuallossD.cataract6.Accordingtowhattheytakethescientistscarriedoutastudyanddividedthosepeopleinto________.A.twogroupsB.threegroupsC.fourgroupsD.fivegroups7.Asahealthypersonweshouldeatmore________topreventthediseaseA-M-D.A.mineralandzincB.vitaminsC.vitaminandzincD.freshfruitsandvegetables

Therearetwomethodsbywhichhydrogen氢canbeusedtopowercars.Thefirstwayistousehydrogentodrivetheengineinmuchthesamewayasmanycarsusegas.ThesecondmethodistousethereactionofhydrogenwithoxygeninabatterymakingthecarakindofelectriconE.Thedreamofproducinghydrogeninthecarwhiledrivingalongbyelectrolyzing电解waterisalongwayoffsowearestillattheperiodofbatteriesandfillingthetankwithhydrogengas.Thisisthedifficultyforpotentialcarusersandproducers.ThereareonlysixteenhydrogenfillingstationsinLosAngelesandnonein99%ofothercitiesworldwidE.Indeedsomeofthebignameautomobileproducershavepulledoutoftheracetoputthefirstpracticalhydrogencaronthestreets.FordandGMhaveannouncedthattheyarepullingoutinAmericaandsohasRenaultinFrancE.HowevertheJapanesecompaniesarepressingon.InfactHondaintroduceditsfirsthydrogenfuelcellcarin1999.TheyarenowproducingsecondgenerationhydrogencarknownastheFCXClarity.Guesswheretheyareavailableforsale?Inonlyonecitybecauseofitsfillingstations.Hondathinksthattheycouldgointofull-scaleproductionoftheFCXClarityby2020iftheworldispreparedforthembythen.Thentherearehydrogen-poweredbusesinseveralEuropeancitiesincludingAmsterdamBarcelonaHamburgLondonLuxembourgandMadriD.LotusthemakersofLondontaxishaveannouncedthattheyproposetomanufacturehydrogen-poweredtaxisintimefortheLondonOlympics.Sothehydrogenvehicleisoutthereandthenumberswillbegrowingfairlysoon.ThebusesgobacktotheirbusstationwhereanelectrolyzingmachinechangeswaterintofuelforthemtofilluponandthesamewillbethecaseformanyofLondon’staxis.Unfortunatelygettingfuelisnottheonlydifficultyfortheaveragemotoristanumberofthesevehiclescostabout$300000each.67.Accordingtothetexthydrogen-poweredbuses________.A.caneasilybefilledupwithgas.B.arelikelytosellwellinthefuturE.C.aremainlyusedintheUnitedStatesD.won’tbeusedintheLondonOlympics68.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordtheminparagraph5referto?A.JapanesecompaniesB.HydrogenbusesC.TheFCXClarityD.Fillingstations69.Wherearehydrogencarscurrentlyavailableforsale?A.InBarcelonaB.InHamburgC.InLondonD.InLosAngeles70.Wecanlearnfromthetextthat________.A.therearesixtyhydrogenfillingstationsallovertheworldB.hydrogenvehiclesfueledbywaterwillbeveryexpensiveC.Hondawillmass-producetheFCXClarityby2012D.Hondaproduceditsfirsthydrogencarin1989

AnewargumenthasbeenputforwardastowhetherpenguinsaredisturbedbythepresenceoftouristsinAntarcticA.PreviousresearchbyscientistsfromKeilUniversityinGermanymonitoredAdeliepenguinsandnotedthatthebirds’heartratesincreaseddramaticallyatthesightofahumanasfaras30metersaway.Butnewresearchusinganartificialeggwhichisequippedtomeasureheartratesdisputesthis.ScientistsfromtheScottPolarResearchInstituteatCambridgesaythataslowmovinghumanwhodoesnotapproachthenesttoocloselyisnotviewedasathreatbypenguins.Theearlierfindingshavebeenusedtopartlyexplainthe20percentdropinpopulationsofcertaintypesofpenguinsneartouristsites.HowevertouroperatorshavecontinuedtoinsistthattheiractivitiesdonotadverselyaffectwildlifeinAntarcticasayingtheyencouragenon-disruptivebehaviorintouristsandthatthedeclineinpenguinnumbersiscausedbyotherfactors.AmandaNimonoftheScottPolarResearchInstitutespentthreesouthernhemispheresummersatCuvervilleIslandinAntarcticastudyingpenguinbehaviortowardshumans.AnestingpenguinwillreactverydifferentlytoapersonrapidlyandcloselyapproachingthenestsaysNimon.Firsttheyexhibitlargeandprolongedheartratechangesandthentheyoftenfleethenestleavingitopenforpredators掠夺者toflyinandremoveeggsorchicks.Theartificialeggspeciallyfortheprojectmonitoredboththeparentwhohadbeen‘disturbed’whentheeggwasplacedinthenestandtheotherparentastheybothtookitinturnstoguardthenest.HoweverBorisCulikwhomonitoredtheAdeliepenguinsbelievesthatNimon’sfindingsdonotinvalidatehisownresearch.Hepointsoutthatspeciesbehavedifferently----andNimon’sworkwaswithGentoopenguins.NimonandhercolleaguesbelievethatCulik’sresearchwasmethodologicallyflawedbecausethemonitoringofpenguins’responsesneededcapturingandrestrainingthebirdsandfittingthemwithbeart-ratetransmitters.ThereforearguesNimonitwouldnotbesurprisingiftheybecamestressedonseeingahumansubsequently.67.Accordingtothepassagewhatoverallmessageispresented?A.Nofirmconclusionsaredrawn.B.NeitherCulik’snorNimon’sfindingsareofmuchvaluE.C.Penguinreductionisclosedrelatedtotouristbehavior.D.Touristsarenotresponsibleforthefallinpenguinnumbers.68.WhichONEargumentofthefollowingisstatedinthepassage?A.Penguinsarehardertoresearchwhentheyhaveyoung.B.TouroperatorsshouldencouragetouriststoavoidAntarcticA.C.Notallpenguinsbehaveinthesameway.D.Penguinsneedbetterprotectionfromtourists.69.Whatdoyounoticeabouttheviewspresentedinthepassage?A.Theyaregroundless.B.Theyarefactual.C.TheyaredescriptivE.D.Theyareconflicting.70.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordfinallineprobablymean?A.Lateron.B.Calmly.C.Separately.D.InthesameplacE.

WiththeTeslaRoadsterandotherplug­in插入式electricvehicleshittingtheroaddemandisgrowingforaccessiblerefuelingpointstorechargethem.CarbonDayAutomotiveaChicago­basedcompanyhasnowdemonstratedasolar­poweredrechargingpointknownastheSolarPlug­InStationwhichletsmotoristseasilychargetheircarsusingelectricitythathasbeenproducedwithoutanyenvironmentaldamagE.TheSolarPlug­InStationhasgoneonshowinChicagoaspartofthecity’sbidtohostthe2016OlympicGames.AccordingtoCarbonDayAutomotivetheSolarPlug­InStationonshowinChicagoispartofthevitalinfrastructure基础设施requiredforelectricvehiclesinChicagoandwasthefocusofarecentvisitbytheInternationalOlympicCommitteE.Thesesolar­poweredelectricitypointswillbeuseddailytofuelthecity’selectricvehicleswithpowerfromthesun.Byproducingtheelectricityfrompollution­freesolarcelltheCO2emissionsarereducedtozero.SolarenergyandelectricvehiclesareapartnershipthatisonemoresteptoreducingourdependenceonforeignoilsaysRichardLowenthalCEOofCoulombTechnologies.CoulombTechnologiesrecentlydevelopedthecomponents部件requiredforindividualrechargingstationsmarketedasChargePointNetworkedChargingStations.CarbonDayAutomotiveistheMidwestdistributorfortheChargePointstations.TheSolarPlug­InStationconsistsofgiantsolarpanels电池板thatshadethetinyChargePointNetworkedChargingStation.Thesolarpanelisconnectedtoanundergroundbatterypackreadyforeverydayrefueling.WithoutthesestationsitwouldbelikedrivingaroundinatraditionalcarwithouttheavailabilityofgasstationssaysScottEmalfarbCEOatCarbonDay.Thedayoftrueplug­inelectricvehicleswillbeheresoonerthanmostpeoplerealizeandtheworldneedstobereadytoaccommodatethem.66.TheSolarPlug­InStationisusedaspartofthebidtohosttheOlympicsmainlybecause________.A.it’senvironmentallyfriendlyB.itmakesupforthelackofelectricityC.it’sanewideaandattractspeople’sattentionD.itbringsconveniencetoelectricvehicleusers67.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A.torechargetheelectricvehiclestakesalongtimeB.theSolarPlug­InStationwillcomeintousein2016C.theSolarPlug­InStationhasgoneonshowinternationallyD.Chicagoispromotingtheuseofelectricvehicles68.AccordingtothepassagehowmanyofthefollowingstatementsareTRUE?A.TeslaRoadsterisakindofplug­inelectricvehiclE.B.TheSolarPlug­InStationusessolarpowertochargeallofthecars.C.Chicagoisacitywhichisrichinoil.D.TheSolarPlug­InStationconsistsofundergroundbatterypacks.E.ScottEmalfarbisoptimisticaboutthefutureofplug­inelectricvehicles.A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.69.ThepassageimpliesthatwhentheSolarPlug­InStationbecomespopular________.A.morevisitorswillcometoChicagoB.thecitizensofChicagowillbeabletogotoworkfasterC.morespaceforelectricvehicleswillbeneededD.thecostofelectricvehicleswillbelowerthantraditionalcars70.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ChicagoWillSoonBeFullofElectricVehiclesB.ChicagoCallsonPeopletoBuyElectricVehiclesC.ChicagoFightsforItsBidtoHostthe2016OlympicsD.ChicagoShowsItsSolar­poweredRechargingStations

ThesedaysthereareveryfewwildanimalsleftintheUK.ThewolveshavegonE.Thebearshavebeenhuntedtoextinction.Fortunatelythereareafewbadgers獾...ohwellactuallynotforlongastheBritishgovernmenthavejustdecidedtokillthemtoo!Butwhy?Badgersarefascinatingnocturnal夜晚活动的creatureslivingundergrounD.They'reextremelybravefightingofflargeranimalssuchasbearsandwolves.TheproblemisthatsomebadgerscarrybovinetuberculosisbTB—aninfectiousdiseasecausedbythebacteriumM.BoviswhichcancauseTBinsomeotheranimalsincludingcattlE.ForfarmersthisisaseriousissuebecausetheyusuallykeepalargenumberofcowstogethertoraisE.In1998intheUKalmost6000cowswerekilledtocontrolthediseasE.Andin2010morethan30000animalsweredestroyeD.BovineTBcoststheUKabout£100millionperyear.Andsomebelievethatthediseasecouldendupcostingtheeconomy£9billionoverthenext40yearsifnothingisdoneaboutit.Expertssaythatbadgersareresponsibleforabout50%OftheinfectedcattlE.Soaftermuchdebatethegovernmenthasagreedtokillbadgers.OfcoursemanyareagainstthemeasurE.Theyclaimthatkillingthebadgersincontrolledzoneswouldn'tworkbecausebadgersfromneighboringareaswouldsimplymoveinandbecomeinfectedtoo.FurthermorethenumberofcattleinonespotisusuallyverylargE.TheybelievethatthewaycattleareraisedintensivelyandtransportedaroundtolotsofdifferentfarmsduringtheirlivesisprobablythebiggestcauseofthespreadofthediseasE.60.WhydoestheUKgovernmentwanttokillbadgers?A.BecausebadgersareresponsibleforallthebTBinfectedcattlE.B.Becauseadiseaseconnectedwithbadgershascausedabigloss.C.BecausebadgersareveryeasytobecomeinfectedwithbTB.D.BecausecattleareoftenwithbadgerswhichmaycarrybTB.61.Somepeoplebelievethatkillingbadgersincertainareasdoesn'thelpbecause_______A.badgersnearbywouldoccupywherethekilledbadgersonceliveD.B.badgersareoftentransportedaroundtolotsofdifferentfarms.C.thediseasewillstillexisttherewithallthecattleinfecteD.D.thegovernmentdoesn'thaveagoodknowledgeofthediseasE.62.What'sthemainideaofthepassage?A.TheUKgovernmenthasdecidedtokillbadgerstocontrolthediseasE.B.VeryfewwildanimalsexistintheUKthesedaysexceptbadgers.C.A.lotofpeopleareagainstkillingbadgersforsomereasons.D.A.largesumofmoneyhasbeenspentcontrollingthediseasE.63.Whatdoestheunderlinedpartinparagraph4probablymean?A.Cattleareoftenkeptseparatelytopreventdiseases.B.ManycattlearegatheredinoneareatoraisE.C.Cattleareraisedverycarefullyandattentively.

FouroutoffiveparentsworrythattheirchildrenwillbecomeaddictedtoFacebookaccordingtoastudy.EightypercentbelievesocialnetworkingsitessuchasFacebookandTwitterhavetheabilitytotakeovertheirchildren’slives.OneinthreeparentsmeanwhilebelievetheInternethasthepowertorewirebrains改装大脑withoutaperson’sknowledgeandthinktheirchildrenareindangeroftheweB.Theextraordinaryfindingscomefromapollof1000parentscarriedoutbytheNominetTrustanorganizationthatpromotedInternetprojectswhichaddresssocialdisadvantages.HoweverNominetsaidtheirfindingsflyinthefaceofneurological神经学上的evidencE.TheTrustworkedwithneuroscienceandeducationexpertDr.PaulHowardJoneswhoanalysedresearchesontheInternetandsociety.Thereport—TheImpactofDigitalTechnologiesonHumanWell-being—concludedthatthereisnoneurologicalevidencetosuggestthattheInternetismoreeffectiveatrewiringourbrainsthanotherenvironmentalinfluences.ItalsofoundthattheInternetisavaluablelearningresourceandallformsoflearningcausechangeswithinthebrain.TherehavebeenreportsthattheuseoftheInternetwithitsvastresourcesofinformationischangingthewaypeoplethinkandaffectingtheirabilitytoconcentratE.ButNominetsaidthat’sscaremongering危言耸听andthemisinformationabouttheInternetusecanpotentiallydeny否定itsbenefitstopeopleinparticularparentswhoareworriedabouttheeffectsontheirchildren’sdevelopment.Thereportalsofoundthatsocialnetworkingsitesinthemselvesarenotaspecialsourceofrisktochildrenandaregenerallybeneficialastheysupportexistingfriendships.Inadditionplayingactionvideogamescanimprovesomevisualprocessingandmotorresponseskillswhilecomputer-basedactivityprovidesmentalstimulationandcanhelpslowratesofcognitivedeclinE.61.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.FourinfiveparentsfeartheirchildrenwillbecomeFacebookaddicts.B.SocialnetworkingsitesmakepeoplemoresociablE.C.MoreandmorechildrenwillbecomeaddictedtoFacebook.D.TheInternethasthepowertorewiringbrains.62.WhatdoestheunderlinedphraseflyinthefaceofinParagraphfourprobablymean?A.Goagainst.B.Havealotincommonwith.C.Besimilarto.D.Havesomethingtodowith.63.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_______.A.socialnetworkingsitessuchasFacebookandTwitterwillrewirechildren’sbrainsB.Dr.PaulHowardJonesisamemberoftheNominetTrustC.Dr.PaulHowardJonesthinkstheInternetisusefulandbeneficialD.thestudysurveyedapollof1000children64.AccordingtothepassagethestudycarriedbytheNominetTrustshowedthat_______.A.oneinthreeparentsbelievesFacebookhastheabilitytotakeovertheirchildren’slivesB.theInternetismoreeffectiveatrewiringourbrainsthanotherenvironmentalinfluencesC.fouroutoffiveparentsthinktheirchildrenareindangerofthewebD.eightypercentofparentsworrythattheirchildrenwillbecomeaddictedtoFacebook65.Thelastparagraphmainlytellspeople_______.A.playingactionvideogamescanimprovesomevisualprocessingandmotorresponseskillsB.theInternetinitselfisnotadangertochildrenbutgenerallybeneficialC.socialnetworkingsitesinthemselvessupportexistingfriendshipsD.computer-basedactivityprovidesmentalstimulationandcanhelpslowratesofcognitivedecline

Theyearis2094.Ithasbeenannouncedthatacomet彗星isheadingtowardstheEarth.MostofitwillmissourplanetbuttwopieceswillprobablyhitthesouthernhalfoftheEarth.On17JulyapiecefourkilometerswideenterstheEarth’satmospherewithamassiveexplosion.AbouthalfofthepieceisdestroyedbuttheremainingparthitstheSouthAtlanticat200timesthespeedofsounD.TheseaboilsandahugeholeismadeintheseabeD.HugewavesarecreatedandspreadoutwardsfromtheholE.ThewallofwaterakilometerhighrushestowardssouthernAfricaat800kilometersanhour.CitiesontheAfricancoastaretotallydestroyedandmillionsofpeoplearedrowneD.BeforethewavesreachSouthAmericathesecondpieceofthecometlandsinArgentinA.EarthquakesandvolcanoesaresetoffintheAndesMountains.TheshockwavesmovenorthintoCaliforniaandallaroundthePacificOcean.ThecitiesofLosAngelesSanFranciscoandTokyoarecompletelydestroyedbyearthquakes.Millionsofpeopleinthesouthernhalfoftheeartharealreadydeadbutthenorthwon’tescapeforlong.Becauseoftheexplosionsthesunishiddenbycloudsofdusttemperaturesaroundtheworldfalltoalmostzero.CropsareruineD.Thesunwon’tbeseenagainformanyyears.WarsbreakoutascountriesfightforfooD.A.yearlaternomorethan10millionpeopleremainalivE.Coulditreallyhappen?InfactithasalreadyhappenedmorethanonceinthehistoryoftheEarth.ThedinosaurswereontheEarthforover160millionyears.Then65millionyearsagotheysuddenlydisappeareD.ManyscientistsbelievethattheEarthwashitbyapieceofobjectinspacE.Thedinosaurscouldn’tlivethroughthecoldclimatethatfollowedandtheydiedout.Willwemeetthesameend?326words64.Whatismainlydescribedinthepassage?A.A.historydiscovery.B.Aneventofimagination.C.A.researchonspacE.D.A.scientificadventurE.65.WhenthefirstpiecehitstheSouthAtlanticitcauses_____.A.anearthquakeB.damagestocitiesC.anEarthexplosionD.hugewaves66.Whycan’tthenorthernhalfoftheearthescapeforlong?A.Becausethelandiscoveredwithwater.B.Becausethelightandheatfromthesuncannotreachtheearth.C.Becausepeopletherecannotliveatthetemperatureofzero.D.Becausewarsbreakoutamongcountries.67.Bygivingtheexampleofdinosaurstheauthortriestoprove_____.A.animalscouldnotliveinthecoldclimateB.whathappened65millionyearsagowasaninventedstoryC.thehumanbeingswilldieoutin2094D.theEarthcouldbehitbyotherobjectsinspace

Ifcarshadwingstheycouldflyandthatjustmighthappenbeginningin2011.ThecompanyTerrafugiabasedinWoburnMassachusettssaysitplanstodeliveritscar-planetheTransitiontocustomersbytheendof2011.It’sthenext‘wow’vehiclesaidTerrafugiavicepresidentRichardGersh.AnybodycanbuyaFerraributaswesayFerrarisdon’tfly.Thecarplanehaswingsthatunfoldforflying--aprocessthecompanysaystakesoneminute--andfoldbackupfordriving.A.runwayisstillrequiredtotakeoffandlanD.TheTransitionisbeingmarketedmoreasaplanethatdrivesthanacarthatfliesalthoughitisboth.ThecompanyhasbeenworkingwithFAAtomeetaircraftregulationsandwiththeNationalHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministrationtomeetvehiclesafetyregulations.ThecompanyisaimingtoselltheTransitiontoprivatepilotsasamoreconvenientandcheaperwaytofly.Theysayitsavesyouthetroublefromtryingtofindanothermodeoftransportationtogettoandfromairports:Youdrivethecartotheairportandthenyou’regoodtogo.WhenyoulandyoufoldupthewingsandhittheroaD.Therearenoexpensiveparkingfeesbecauseyoudon’thavetostoreitatanairport--youparkitinthegarageathomE.Thecar-planeisdesignedtoflyprimarilyunder10000feet.Ithasamaximumtakeoffweightof1430poundsincludingfuelandpassengers.TerrafugiasaystheTransitionreducesthepotentialforanaccidentbyallowingpilotstodriveunderbadweatherinsteadofflyingintomarginal临界conditions.TheTransition’spricetag:$194000.ButtheremaybeadditionalchargesforoptionslikearadiotransponderorGPS.Anotheroptionisafull-planeparachutE.IfyougetintoaveryawfulsituationitisthenecessarysafetyoptionGershsaiD.Sofarthecompanyhasmorethan70orderswithdeposits.We’reworkingverycloselywiththembuttherearestillsomeremainingstepsBrownsaiD.67.Fromthefirstparagraphwecanlearnthat________.A.car-planeswillbeproducedinlargeamountin2011B.RichardGershisthepresidentofTerrafugiaC.bothTransitionandFerraricanflyandlandsafelyD.possiblypeoplewilldriveacar-planein201168.Ittakesthecar-planeoneminuteto________.A.foldandunfolditswingsB.foldbackupfordrivingC.unfoldwingsforflyingD.landintheairport69.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingisWrong?A.Thecar-planerequiresarunwaytotakeoffandlanD.B.Thecar-planemayflyhigherthannormalplanes.C.Peoplecanparkthecar-planeinthegarageattheirhomE.D.thecompanyhasbeenworkingwithFAAtomeetaircraftregulations.70.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.CarsWithWingsCanFlyasFastasPlanes.B.WhichtoChoose:A.FerrarioraCarPlane?C.A.moreConvenientandCheaperWaytoFly.D.CarsWithWingsMayBeJustAroundTheCorner.

Thefutureofagriculturemustachieveseveralgoalsatthesametime.Firstitnowappearsthatwewillhavetodoubleworldfoodproductioninthenext40yearsduetopopulationgrowthincreasingmeatconsumptionandpressurefrombiofuels生物燃料.Wewillalsohavetoreducetheenvironmentalimpactsfromourfarmingpracticeswhichhavecausedwidespreaddamagetosoilsecosystemswatersandeventheatmosphere.Infactagriculture’simpactsareasbadasclimatechangeasanenvironmentalconcern.Besideswewillhavetoimprovefoodsecurityfortheworld’spoor.WhiletheGreenRevolutionofthe1960smadeitpossibletofeedhundredsofmillionsmorepeoplethaninearliererasthenumberoftheunder-nourishedintheworldhasstartedtoriseagain.Finallywewillhavetoincreasetherecoveringabilityofagriculturefromshocks.Todayourhigh-efficiencyglobalizedworldhasmanybenefitsbutitisvulnerable易受伤的todestructionwhetherfromdroughtsdiseasesorsuddenpricerises.Wemuststartbuildingbetterfoodsystemstobetterkeepusawayfromfutureshocks.Currentlytherearetwomodelsofagriculture:localandorganicagriculturevs.globalizedandindustrializedagriculture.Eachhasbeenstronglysupportedandseverelycriticizedbutneitherofthesemodelsstandingalonecanfullymeetourneeds.Organicagricultureteachesusimportantlessonsaboutsoilsnutritionandpestmanagement.Unfortunatelyorganicfoodprovideslessthan1%oftheworld’scaloriesmostlytothewealthy.Itishardtoimagineorganicfarmingdevelopingtofeed9billion.Globalizedandindustrializedagriculturehasbenefitsofhighoutputandlowlabordemands.Withoutitbillionsofpeoplewouldhavestarved.Howeverithascomewithenormousenvironmentalandsocialcostswhichcannotbesustained.Ratherthanvotingforjustonesolutionweneedathirdwaytosolvethecrisis.Let’stakeideasfrombothsidescreatingnewhybridsolutionsthatincreaseproductionsaveresourcesandbuildamoresustainableagriculture.Therearemanypromisingavenuestopursue.A.newthirdwayforagricultureisnotonlypossiblebutalsonecessary.Ourproblemsarehugeandtheywillrequireeveryoneatthetableworkingtogethertowardsolutions.67.Howmanygoalsofagriculturearementionedinthepassage?A.ThreeB.FourC.FiveD.Six68.Whichistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Organicagriculturecanfeedmostpeopleintheworldnow.B.Industrializedagriculturedoesnoharmtoourenvironment.C.Modernfarmingiscriticizedwhileorganicfarmingisnot.D.Thefutureagriculturecan’tonlydependonorganicagriculture.69.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat_______.A.everyonecanaffordtoenjoyorganicfoodatwillB.wewillvotetodecidewhichfarmingsystemtotakeC.thewriterisquiteoptimisticaboutfutureagricultureD.onlyexpertscanfindabetteragriculturalsolution70.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.OrganicAgricultureVs.IndustrializedAgriculture.B.TheGoalsofFutureAgricultureandItsWayOut.C.A.ThirdPossibleandNecessaryWayforAgriculture.D.ModernGlobalizedandIndustrializedAgriculture.

MostBritishtelephonecardsarejustplaingreenbutcardcollectingisbecomingapopularhobbyinBritainandcollectorsevenhavetheirownmagazineInternationalTelephoneCards.Onereasonfortheirinterestisthatcardsfromaroundtheworldcomeinawidevarietyofdifferentandoftenveryattractivedesigns.Thereare100000differentcardsinJapanaloneandthereyoucanputyourowndesignontoablankcardsimplybyusingaphotographorabusinesscarD.Thefirsttelephonecardsproducedin1976wereItalian.FiveyearslaterthefirstBritishcardappearedandnowyoucanbuycardsinmorethanahundredcountries.PeopleusuallystartcollectingcardsbecausetheyareattractivesmallandlightandtheydonotneedmuchspacE.Itisalsoacheaphobbyforbeginnersalthoughforsomepeopleitbecomesaseriousbusiness.InParisforexamplethereisamarketwhereyoucanbuyonlytelephonecardsandsomeFrenchcardscostupto4000pounds.ThefirstJapanesecardhasavalueofabout28000pounds.Mostpeopleonlyseecardswithpricesliketheseintheircollectors’magazinE.56.Thepassageismainlyabout___A.thehistoryofphonecardsB.phonecardcollectingasahobbyC.reasonsforphonecardcollectingD.thegreatvarietyofphonecards.57.Themainreasonformostpeopletocollectphonecardsisthat___A.theyfindthecardsbeautifulandeasytokeepB.theyliketohavesomethingfromdifferentcountriesC.theywanttomakemoneywithcardsD.theythinkthecardsareconvenienttouse58.ThewritermentionsamarketinParisinordertoshowthat___A.cardcollectingispopularamongyoungpeopleB.FrenchandJapanesecardsarethemostvaluableC.peoplecanmakemoneyoutofcardcollectingD.cardcollectors’magazinesareveryuseful

Predictingwhenanearthquakeorvolcaniceruptionwilltakeplaceisextremelydifficultevenwiththeadvancedtechnologicalequipmentavailabletomodernscientists.Therearesomepeoplehoweverwhobelievetheycansensewhenamajorgeological地质学上的eventiscoming.Theyclaimtobeearthquakesensitive.Sensitivitytotheearth'smovementsaccordingtothosewhosaytheyhaveitisrevealedindifferentways.Somesaytheyareunusuallyclumsyandkeepdroppingthingsandhavingsmallaccidentsjustbeforeabigevent.Otherssuddenlyhaveastrongdesiretoeatpopcornanddon'tknowwhy.Thoughitmaysoundcrazytheysayittellsthemthatabigearthquakeislessthan24hoursaway.ThemostcommonsignofanapproachingdisasteramongearthquakesensitivepeopleissaidtobeabadheadachE.ArguablythefirstpersontoconnectherownheadachestocominggeologicaleventswasanAmericanwomancalledCharlotteKing.ShebecamefamousforherpredictionoftheeruptionofWashington'sMr.St.HelensonMay181980whenshewasaccuratetowithin12minutesoftheactualevent.Kingwastestedbydoctorsandscientistsandfoundtopossessunusualhearingabilities.Shecouldhearsoundsinfrequenciesthatmosthumanbeingscannotandclaimedtohavebeenhearingsuchsoundssince1976.Threeyearslatershenoticedthatwhenthesoundschangedinpitchorrhythmgivingherunpleasantheadachesalargeearthquakewouldbereportedwithin72hours.66.Itisstatedinthefirstparagraphthattheremaybe________.A.peoplewhoareabletodetectearthquakeactivityB.peoplewhoaredevelopingnewmethodsofpreventingearthquakesC.newmachinestohelpearthquakesensitivepeoplemakepredictionsD.newmachinesthatwillsoonbeabletoaccuratelypredictearthquakes67.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.CharlotteKingB.A.magicalabilityC.HumanvsMachineD.Earthquakeandvolcaniceruption68.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasasignofanapproachingearthquake?A.A.veryloudnoisE.B.A.painfulheadachE.C.Anurgetoeatpopcorn.D.A.tendencytodropthings.69.CharlotteKingbecamewellknownbecauseshe________.A.timedanearthquaketowithin12minutesB.correctlypredictedabigvolcaniceruptionC.canmakesoundsotherpeoplecannothearD.issmarterthanmanydoctorsandscientists70.WhatenablesCharlotteKingtopredictageologicalevent?A.TheheadachE.B.ThefrequencyofasounD.C.Herspecialhearingability.D.ThepitchorrhythmofasounD.

BecauseplantscannotmoveortalkmostpeoplebelievethattheyhavenofeelingsandthattheycannotreceivesignalsfromoutsidE.HoweverthismaynotbecompletelytruE.Peoplewhostudiedplantshavefoundoutthatplantscarryasmallelectricalcharge电荷.Itispossibletomeasurethischargewithasmallpieceofequipmentcalledgalvanometer检流计.Thegalvanometerisplacedonaleafoftheplantanditrecordssomechangesintheelectricalfieldoftheleaf.HumanshaveasimilarfieldwhichcanchangewhenweareshockedorfrighteneD.AmancalledBacksterusedagalvanometerforhisstudiesofplantsandwasverysurprisedathisresults.Hefoundthatifhehadtwoormoreplantsinaroomandhebegantodestroyoneofthem-perhapsbypullingoffitsleavesorbypullingitoutofitspotthenthegalvanometerontheleavesoftheotherplantsshowedachangeintheelectricalfielD.Itseemedasiftheplantsweresignallingafeelingofshock.ThishappenednotonlywhenBacksterstartedtodestroyplantsbutalsowhenhedestroyedotherlivingthingssuchasinsects.AnotherscientistnamedSauvinachievedsimilarresultstoBackster's.Hekeptgalvanometersfixedtohisplantsallthetimeandcheckedregularlytoseewhattheplantsweredoing.Ifhewasoutoftheofficehetelephonedtofindoutaboutthesignalstheplantsweresending.Inthiswayhefoundthattheplantsweresendingoutsignalsattheexacttimeswhenhefeltstrongpleasureorpain.InfactSauvincouldcauseachangeintheelectricalfieldofhisplantsoveradistanceofafewmilessimplybythinkingaboutthem.72.Backsterwassurprisedattheresultsofhisstudiesbecause________.A.hedestroyedaninsectB.hedestroyedaplantbypullingoffitsleavesC.hefoundthatplantscouldexpressfeelingsofshockD.hefoundthatplantscouldmoveandspeak73.Theplantssentoutsignals________.A.onlywhenBacksterstartedtodestroyplantsB.whenBacksterdestroyedplantsorotherlivingthingsC.onlywhenBacksterdestroyedinsectsD.onlywhenBacksterplacedthegalvanometerontheinsects74.ThescientistcalledSauvin________.A.didnotagreewithBackster'sideasB.didnotgetthesamesortofresultsasBacksterdidC.gotdifferentresultsfromBackster'sD.foundoutsomeofthesamethingsthatBacksterdid75.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Plantsdon'tcarrytheelectricalchargE.B.A.treewillsignalwhenithasbeencutdown.C.Sauvincouldmakehisplantssendoutsignalssomedistanceaway.D.PlantshavenofeelingsbecausetheyhavenolifE.

Haveyoueverhadthestrangefeelingthatyouwerebeingwatched?Youturnedaroundandsureenoughsomeonewaslookingrightatyou!Parapsychologists灵学家saythathumanshaveanaturalabilitytosensewhensomeoneislookingatthem.ToresearchwhethersuchasixthsensereallyexistsRobertBakerapsychologistattheUniversityofKentuckyperformedtwoexperiments.InthefirstoneBakersatbehindunknowingpeopleinpublicplacesandstaredatthebacksoftheirheadsfor5to15minutes.Thesubjects受试者wereeatingdrinkingreadingstudyingwatchingTVorworkingatacomputer.Bakermadesurethatthepeoplecouldnottellthathewassittingbehindthemduringthoseperiods.Laterwhenhequestionedthesubjectsalmostallofthemsaidtheyhadnosensethatsomeonewasstaringatthem.ForthesecondexperimentBakertoldthesubjectsthattheywouldbestaredatfromtimetotimefrombehindatwo-waymirrorinalaboratorysetting.Thepeoplehadtowritedownwhentheyfelttheywerebeingstaredatandwhentheyweren’t.Bakerfoundthatthesubjectswerenobetterattellingwhentheywerestaredatandwhentheyweren’t.BakerfoundthatthesubjectswerenobetterattellingwhentheywerestaredatthaniftheyhadjustguesseD.Bakerconcludesthatpeopledonothavetheabilitytosensewhenthey’rebeingstaredat.IfpeopledoubttheoutcomeofhistwoexperimentssaidBakerIsuggesttheyrepeattheexperimentsandseeforthemselves.67.Thepurposeofthetwoexperimentsisto______.A.explainwhenpeoplecanhaveasixthsenseB.showhowpeopleactwhilebeingwatchedinthelabC.studywhetherhumanscansensewhentheyarestaredatD.provewhyhumanshaveasixthsense68.Inthefirstexperimentthesubjects______.A.werenottoldthattheywouldbestaredatB.losttheirsensewhentheywerestaredatC.werenotsurewhentheywouldbestaredatD.wereuncomfortablewhentheywerestaredat69.TheunderlinedwordoutcomeinthelastparagraphmostprobablymeansA.valueB.resultC.performanceD.connection70.Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A.PeoplearebornwithasixthsensE.B.Theexperimentssupportparapsychologists’ideA.C.Thesubjectsdonothaveasixthsenseintheexperiments.D.Peoplehaveasixthsenseinpublicplaces.

CoralPolgeisapersonwhohasprovidedcomforttothousands.ShehasaremarkabletalentwhichmayprovethesurvivalofthehumanspiritafterdeathforCoralisamediumwhodrawstheportraitsofspiritswhocontacther.CoralwhoseparentswerespiritualistswasbroughtupinHarrowNorthLondonwheresheattendedalocalspiritualistchurch.Shestudiedartatthelocalcollegewhereshespecializedintextiledesign.Eventhoughatthetimeshewasn’tverygoodatdrawingportraitsshemetamediumwhotoldhershewouldbeapsychic通灵的artist.Shedoesn’tactuallyseethedeadnorareherhandscontrolledbythespirits;insteadshe‘feels’themcomingthrough.Earlyinhercareershedrewtheportraitsof‘spiritguides’fromwhomshehadreceivedhelp.TheseportraitsofguideswhoincludedRedIndiansnunsandmonkswereremarkableyetcouldhavebeenattributedtotheworkingofastrongimagination.ShealsodrewportraitsbyholdingontolettersthathadbeenwrittenbypeoplewhohadsincedieD.Coralsays‘Iknowexactlywhattodrawwithoutthinkingaboutit.It’sinvoluntarylikebreathingorwalking.’NotonlyareherportraitsagoodlikenessbutshesketcheshersubjectsinclothestheywouldhaveworninlifE.CoralhasdisplayedhertalentatpublicmeetingsaroundtheworlD.AtonegatheringtherewasawomanwhosegrandfatherhadjustdieD.HernamewasPhyllisTimms.CoralmadeasketchofamanwhohadalongmoustacheandPhyllisrecognizedthemanashergrandfather.Howevershewasreluctanttoacknowledgetheportraitwithoutextraproof.Coralthensaidthatthecolourgreenwasalinkwiththemanwhomshehaddrawn.MrsTimmswhosemaidennamehadbeenGreenunderstoodthesignificanceofthecommentandclaimedtheportrait.TherearesomepeopleforwhomthisisevidenceofsurvivalfrombeyondthegravE.Otherswhohavetheirreservationsmayputitdowntoanextraordinarykindofextrasensoryperception超感知觉.WhateverthereasonitremainsagiftimpossibletoexplainawayandweshouldtrytokeepanopenminD.55.Coraldrawstheportraitofspiritsinorderto_________.A.provetheexistenceofthehumanspirit.B.helpthosepeoplewhomissthedeaD.C.showoffherspecialtalent.D.inspirepeoplewhobelieveinghosts.56.AccordingtothepassageCoralcandrawthespiritsmostprobablybecause________.A.shecouldseethespirits.B.shelearneditfromcollegE.C.shehadastrongimagination.D.shewasgiftedtofeelthespirits.57.IntheexampleofPhyllisTimms_________________.A.CoralfailedtodrawtheportraitofthedeaD.B.Phylliseventuallyadmittedtheportraitwasrightabouthergrandfather.C.CoralknewgreenwasanamE.D.Phyllisdidn’tproveCoral’stalent.58.Whatwecaninferfromthelastparagraphisthat______________________.A.peopleshouldbelieveinthespirits.B.sciencecanexplainwhathappenedtoCoral.C.peoplecanlearnsupernaturalpowers.D.somemysteriesonhumanbeingshaven’tbeensolvedyet.

MostanimalshavelittleconnectionwithanimalsofadifferentkindunlesstheyhuntthemforfooD.Sometimeshowevertwokindsofanimalscometogetherinapartnershipwhichdoesgoodtobothofthem.Youmayhavenoticedsomebirdssittingonthebacksofsheep.Thisisnotbecausetheywantaridebutbecausetheyfindeasyfoodintheparasites寄生虫onsheep.Thesheepallowthebirdstodosobecausetheyremovethecauseofdiscomfort.Soalthoughtheycanmanagewithouteachothertheydobettertogether.Sometimesananimalhasaplantpartner.Thisrelationshipdevelopsuntilthetwopartnerscannotmanagewithouteachother.Thisissointhecoral珊瑚oftheseA.IntheirskinstheyhavetinyplantswhichactasdustmentakingsomeofthewasteproductsfromthecoralandgivinginreturnoxygenwhichtheanimalneedstobreathE.IftheplantsarekilledorareevenpreventedfromlightsothattheycannotlivenormallythecoralswilldiE.49.Somebirdsliketositonasheepbecause.A.theycaneatitsparasitesB.theydependonthesheepforexistenceC.theyenjoytravellingwiththesheepD.theyfindthepositionmostcomfortablE.50.Theunderlinedwordtheyinthelastsentenceofthefirstparagraphrefersto.A.birdsandparasitesB.birdsandsheepC.parasitesandsheepD.sheepbirdsandparasites51.Itcanbelearntfromthetextthatthecoraldependsontheplantfor.A.comfortB.lightC.foodD.oxygen52.Whichisthebesttitleofthispassage?A.BirdsandSheepB.BirdsSheepandParasitesC.A.PartnershipD.Coralsliveonplants

AsimplepieceofclotheslinehangsbetweensomeenvironmentallyfriendlyAmericansandtheirneighbors.Ononesidestandthosewhoseeclothesdryers干衣机asawasteofenergyandamajorpolluteroftheenvironment.Asaresulttheyareturningtoclotheslinesaspartofthewhat-I–candoenvironmentalism环境保护主义.Ontheothersidearepeoplewhoareagainstdryingclothesoutsidearguingthatclotheslinesareunpleasanttolookat.TheyhavepersuadedHomeownersAssociationsHOAsaccesstheU.S.tobanoutdoorclotheslinesbecauseclotheslinedryingalsotendstolowerhomevalueintheneighborhooD.ThishadledtoaRight-to-DryMovementthatiscallingforlawstobepassedtoprotectpeople’srighttouseclotheslines.SofaronlythreestateshavelawstoprotectclotheslinE.Right-to-DrysupportersarguethatthereshouldbemorE.MattReck37isthekindofeco-conscious有生态意识的personwhofeedshistreeswithbathwaterandreuseswaterdropsfromhisairconditionerstowaterplants.HisfamilyalsousesaclotheslinE.ButonJuly92007theHOAinWakeForestNorthCarolinatoldhimthatadissatisfiedneighborhadtelephonedthemabouthimclotheslinE.TheReckspaidnoattentiontothewarningandstilldriedtheirclothesonalineintheyarD.Manypeoplesaytheyareenvironmentallyfriendlybuttheydon’ttakemattersintheirownhandssaysReck.ThelocalHOAhasdecidednottotakeanyactionunlessmoreneighborscometothem.NorthCarolinalawmakersaresayingthatbanningclotheslinesisnottherightthingtodo.ButHOAsandhousingbusinessesbelievethatclotheslinedryingremindspeopleofpoorneighborhoods.Theyworrythatifbuyersthinktheirfutureneighborscan’tevenafforddryershousingpriceswillfall.EnvironmentalistssaysuchworriesarenotnecessaryandinviewofglobalwarmingthatideaneedstochangE.AstheysayTheclotheslineisbeautiful.HangingclothesoutsideshouldbeencourageD.Weallhavetodoatleastsomethingtoslowdowntheprocessofglobalwarming.8.Oneofthereasonswhysupportersofclothesdryersaretryingtobanclotheslinedryingisthat____.A.clothesdryersaremoreefficientB.clotheslinedryingreduceshomevalueC.clothesdryersareenergy-savingD.clotheslinedryingisnotallowedinmostU.S.states9.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMattReck?A.Heisakind-heartedman.B.Heisanimpoliteman.C.Heisandexperiencedgardener.D.Heisamanofsocialresponsibility.10.Whoareinfavorofclotheslinedrying?A.housingbusinesses.B.Environmentalists.C.HomeownersAssociations.D.Reck’sdissatisfiedneighbors.11.Whatismainlydiscussedinthetext?A.Clotheslinedrying:awaytosaveenergyandmoney.B.Clotheslinedrying:alostartrediscovereD.C.Oppositeopinionsonclotheslinedrying.D.Differentvarietiesofclotheslines.

Thedayafternewsbrokeofapossiblerevolutioninphysics——particles粒子movingfasterthanlight?ascientistleadingtheEuropeanexperimentthatmadethediscoverycalmlyexplainedittoastanding-room-onlycrowdatCERN.ThephysicistDarioAuteriodidnottrytoexplainwhattheresultsmightmeanforthelawsofphysicsletalonethebroaderworld.AfteranhouroftechnicaltalkhesimplysaidThereforewepresenttoyoutodaythisdifferencethisunusualness.Butwhatunusualnessitmaybe.From2009through2011themassiveOPERAdetector探测器buriedinamountaininGranSassoItalyrecordedsubatomicparticlescalledneutrinos中微子arrivingfasterthanlightcanmoveinanemptyspace.TheneutrinosgeneratedatCERNarehardlydetectablyearly.Ifconfirmedthefindingwouldthrowmorethanacenturyofphysicsintodisorder.Ifit'scorrectit'sphenomenal.saidRobPlunkettascientistatFermilabtheDepartmentofEnergyphysicslaboratoryinIllinois.We'dbelookingatawholenewsetofrulesforhowtheuniverseworks.ThoseruleswouldbendorpossiblybreakAlbertEinstein'sspecialtheoryofrelativitypublishedin1905.Basicalatthetimethetheorytiedtogetherspaceandtimematterandenergyandsetahardlimitforthespeedoflightlatermeasuredtobeabout186000milespersecond.Noexperimentin106yearshadbrokenthatspeedlimit.PhysicistsexpectstrictstudytofollowwhichOPERAandCERNscientistswelcomed.FermilaboperatesasimilarexperimentcalledMINOSthatshootsneutrinosfromIllinoistoanundergrounddetectorinMinnesota.In2007MINOSdiscoveredajustdetectableamountoffasterthan-lightneutrinosbutthepermissibledifferenceoferrorwastoobigtomentionPlunkettsaid.Fermilabscientistswillreanalyzetheirdatawhichwilltakesixtoeightmonths.In2013theMINOSdetectornowofflinewillrestartafteranupgrade.Itcouldthenofferconfirmationoftheresults.72.WhyaretheEuropeanscientistsnotsureabouttheresultsoftheexperiment?A.Becausetheyaresounexpected.B.Becausethescientistsdonotbelievethem.C.Becausethescientistsarecarefulandcalm.D.Becausetheyareagainstthepresentlawofphysics.73.Theunderlinedwordphenomenalinthefourthparagraphhastheclosestmeaningto.A.amazingB.attractiveC.embarrassingD.sensitive74.Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe_____.A.Arethelawsofphysicsindisorder?B.Particlesfasterthanlight;Revolutionormistake?C.Fasterthanlightmeasurement:rightorwrong?D.IsEinstein'stheorystillrighttoday?75.Whatmaybediscussedintheparagraphstofollow?A.Differentopinionsabouttheexperiment.B.HowAlbertEinstein'stheorydeveloped.C.Thenewrulesforhowtheuniverseworks.D.HowFermilabscientistswillreanalyzetheirdata.

Achemicalimportantofbraindevelopmentmayplayaroleinexplainingwhysomepeoplearegenetically由基因决定地likelytosufferfromanxietyandcouldleadtonewtreatmentsU..S.researcherssaiD.Theysaidhighlyanxiousratswhichwerekepthadverylowlevelsofabrainchemicalcalledfibroblastgrowthfactor2orFGF2comparedwithratsthatweremorerelaxeD.Butwhentheyimprovedtheanxiousrats'livingconditions—givingthemnewtoystoexploreandabiggercagetolivein—levelsofthisbrainchemicalincreasedandtheybecamelessanxious.Thelevelsofthisbrainchemicalincreasedinresponsetotheexperiencesthattheratswereexposedto.Italsodecreasedtheiranxiety.JavierPerezoftheUniversityofMichigansaidinatelephoneinterview.ItmadethembehavethesamewayastheratsthatwererelaxedhesaiD.InaformerstudyofpeoplewhowereseverelydepressedbeforetheydiedtheteamfoundthegenethatmakesFGF2wasproducingverylowlevelsofthegrowthfactorwhichisknownprimarilyfororganizingthebrainduringdevelopmentandrepairingitafterinjury.Perezthinksthebrainchemicalmaybeamarkerforgeneticvulnerability脆弱性toanxietyanddepression.Butitcanalsorespondtochangesintheenvironmentinapositivewaypossiblybypreservingnewbraincells.Whileboththecalmandanxiousratsproducedthesamenumberofnewbraincellsthesecellswerelesslikelytosurviveinthehigh－anxietyratstheteamfounD.GivingtheratsbetterlivingconditionsorinjectingthemwithFGF2helpedimprovecellsurvival.Thisdiscoverymaypavethewayfornewmorespecifictreatmentsforanxietythatwillnotbebasedonsedation药物镇静butwillinsteadfighttherealcauseofthediseaseDr.PierVincenzoPiazzafromFrancesaidinastatement.6.WeknowfromthepassagethatwiththelevelsofFGF2decreasingtheratswill________.A.dieofanxietysoonB.sufferfromaheadacheC.becomemorerelaxedD.becomemoreanxious7.What'sthebetterwaytoincreasethelevelsofFGF2?A.Introducingmorecompanionstotheanxiousrats.B.Improvingthelivingconditionsoftheanxiousrats.C.InjectingtheanxiousratswithsomespecialmedicinE.D.Givingtheanxiousratsmoretimetorelax.8.TheunderlinedworditinParagraph4refersto________.A.theteamB.thegeneC.thegrowthfactorD.thebrain9.What'sthemaininfluenceofthenewdiscovery?A.Doctorswon'tuseanymedicinetocureanxiety.B.Doctorsmaytreatanxietymoreefficiently.C.Doctorswillfindtherealcauseofanxiety.D.Doctorsmayfindnewmedicineforanxiety.10.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?A.AnxiousratsandrelaxedratsB.Anxiety—aseriousmentaldiseaseC.ScientificresearchintothebrainisimportantD.Brainchemicalmayplaykeyroleinanxiety

Whenwethinkaboutpeoplewhoareleadersweoftengetamentalpictureofsomeonewhoisoldersmarterandwiserthanourselves.StudiesofleadershipthoughhaveusuallyfoundthatthereisalmostnorelationshipbetweenskillasaleaderandtraditionalmeasuresofintelligencE.SomerecentresearchbypsychologistRedFiedleandhiscolleaguessuggeststhatbothintelligenceandexperiencemaybeimportant—butjustnowhowimportantdependsuponhowstressfultheworksituationisandwhatkindoftaskistobeaccomplisheD.Theresearchersobtainedmeasuresofintelligenceexperienceperformanceandstress.Overallthesevariablesdidnotrelatetooneanother.Menwithhighandlowintelligencewereequallylikelytogivegoodperformanceasweremenwithmoreandlessexperienceormoreandlessstresswiththeirbosses.Whenyoulookseparatelyatthosemenwhohavehighstresswiththeirbosseshoweverthepicturechanges.InhighstresssituationstherewasnoconnectionbetweenintelligenceandperformancebuttherewasbetweenexperienceandperformancE.Inotherwordsindifficultsituationsitwashelpfultoknowtheropes.InlowstresssituationsthefindingswerejusttheoppositE.Experiencewasnotrelatedtogoodperformancebutintelligencewas.Thatiswhenthingsaregoingwellintelligenceisveryusefulinleadership.Astudyoffirefighters’performanceunderhighandlowstressconditionsalsofoundtheexperiencedofficersperformedbestundersituationsofstress.Noneofthisisreallyverysurprising.Ifyouhaveeverhadasupervisoryjobyouprobablyfoundthatatleastasmuchenergywentintodealingwithpeopleaswentintomanagingthejobitself.Testsofintelligence—atleasttheoneswehavenow—donotpredictsuccessindealingwithpeoplE.55.Whatkindofpeoplecandothebestjobinstresssituation?A.intelligentpeopleB.experiencedpeopleC.calmpeopleD.skilledpeople56.Inthesecondsentenceofthefourthparagraphtoknowtheropesmostprobablymeans.A.tounderstandthesituationB.tocontrolthesituationC.togetridofthesituationD.tomakesurewhattodoaboutthesituation57.Inthethirdsentenceofthelastparagraphasupervisoryjobrefersto.A.amanagementjobB.anadvisoryjobC.ateachingjobD.anorganizingjob58.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.InstresssituationstherearenoassociationbetweenexperienceandperformancE.B.SomerecentresearchsuggeststhatmostleadersarelackofintelligencE.C.Inlowstresssituationsintelligenceplaysanimportantroleinleadership.D.GenerallyspeakingleadersarelikelytobeclevererthanordinarypeoplE.

ThekitewasoriginallycalledZhiyuaninNorthChinaandYaoziinSouthChinA.EarlyintheFivedynastiesamannamedLiYeusedtomakeandflyakiteintheemperor'scourt.HeonceattachedawhistlemadeofbambootothekitE.Soundwasletoutwhenthekitewasflying.ThekitewasnamedafterZhengakindofChinesemusicinstrument.ThenitwasnamedFengzhenginChinesE.TheearliestkiteintheworldwasmadebyMotseafamousChinesephilosopherwholived2300yearsagoformilitary军事的purposes.Hespentthreeyearsmakinganeagleandmanagedtoflyit.TheeaglewaslaterregardedasthefirstkiteintheworlD.Kite-flyingbecamearecreationprobablyfromtheTangdynastywhentheroyalfamilyandpeopleofthehighestclasswereaddictedtoit.ItwassaidthattheEmperorXuanzongintheTangdynastyoncewasinterestedinakitenamedEightImmortalsCrossingtheSeaflyingintheair.Laterthepaper-madekitewasinventedwhichcostlessandspreadquicklyamongthecommonpeoplE.AstimewentonkitesflewtovariouscountriesintheworlD.'Thewell-knownBritishscientistDr.NeedhamoncedescribedkitesasanimportantscientificinventionwhichspreadtoEuropefromChinainhisbookA.HistoryofChina'sScienceandTechnology.Theinventionofthekiteinspiredmen’sdreamofflyingandledtotheinventionoftheairplanE.67.ThekitemadebyLiYewasnamedafteraChinesemusicinstrumentbecause__________.A.itwasmadeofbambooB.itcouldsoundintheskyC.LiYewasamusicianD.itlookedlikeawhistle68.Whatledtotheinventionofthekiteaccordingtothepassage?A.Wars.B.AneaglE.C.Motse'sinterestinanimals.D.Motse'sdreamofflying.69.Whywaskite-flyingnotapopularrecreationamongcommonpeopleatfirst?A.Becausetheyweretoobusytoflykites.B.Becausetheywerenotallowedtoflykites.C.Becauseitwasdifficulttomakekites.D.Becauseitwasexpensivetomakekites.70.WhichofthefollowingstatementsmightDr.Needhamagreewith?A.TheChinesepeoplefirsttriedtoinventairplanes.B.TheChinesespreadtheideaofflyingtoEuropE.C.TheinventionofkitesinChinaisgreat.D.Theinventionofkitesachievedthedreamtofly.

Ifyouhaven’theardorseenanythingaboutRoadRageinthelastfewmonthsyou’veprobablybeenavoidingthemediA.Therehavebeencountlessstoriesaboutthisnewandscaryphenomenonconsideredatypeofaggressivedriving.YouhavemostlikelyencounteredaggressivedrivingorRoadRagerecentlyifyoudriveatall.Whiledrunkdrivingremainsacriticalproblemthefactsaboutaggressivedrivingaresurelyasdisturbing.ForinstanceaccordingtotheNationalHighwayTransportationSafetyAssociation41907peoplediedonthehighwaylastyear.Ofthosedeathstheagencyestimatesthatabouttwo-thirdswerecausedatleastinpartbyaggressivedrivingbehavior.Whyisthisphenomenonoccurringmorethanevernowandwhyisitsomethingthatseemedalmostnonexistentafewshortyearsago?Expertshaveseveraltheoriesandallareprobablypartiallycorrect.Onesuggestionissheerovercrowding.Inthelastdecadethenumberofcarsontheroadshasincreasedbymorethan11percentandthenumberofmilesdrivenhasincreasedby35percent.Howeverthenumberofnewroadmileshasonlyincreasedby1percent.Thatmeansmorecarsinthesameamountofspace;andtheproblemismagnifiedinurbanareas.Alsopeoplehavelesstimeandmorethingstodo.Withpeopleworkingandtryingtofitextrachoresandactivitiesintothedaystresslevelshaveneverbeenhigher.Stresscreatesanxietywhichleadstoshorttempers.ThesefactorswhencombinedincertainsituationscanspellRoadRagE.YoumaythinkyouarethelastpersonwhowoulddriveaggressivelybutyoumightbesurpriseD.Forinstancehaveyoueveryelledoutloudataslowerdriversoundedthehornlongandhardatanothercarorspeduptokeepanotherdriverfrompassing?Ifyourecognizeyourselfinanyofthesesituationswatchout!Whetheryouaregettingangryatotherdriversoranotherdriverisvisiblyupsetwithyoutherearethingsyoucandotoavoidanymajorconflict.IfyouareeasilyinfluencedbyRoadRagethekeyistodischargeyouremotioninahealthyway.Ifyouarethetargetofanotherdriver’sragedoeverythingpossibletogetawayfromtheotherdriversafelyincludingavoidingeyecontactandgettingoutoftheirway.63.ThefirstsentenceinParA.1impliesthat______.A.onemaybeangeredbymediareportsandwantstoavoidthemB.themediacoinedthetermRoadRageonlyafewmonthsagoC.RoadRagehasreceivedmuchmediacoverageinthelastfewmonthsD.peoplenotinterestedinthemediaknowlittleaboutrecenthappenings64.TheunderlinedwordspellinParA.3means________.A.relieveB.causeC.spreadD.prevent65.Whichofthefollowingcharacterizesaggressivedriving?A.Talkingwhiledriving.B.DrivingathighspeeD.C.Soundingthehornwhenpassing.D.Shoutingatanotherdriver.66.Thelastparagraphisintendedto_________.A.tellpeoplehowtodealwithRoadRageB.informpeoplehowaggressivedriverscouldbeC.showpeoplehowtocontrolthemselveswhenangryD.warnpeopleagainsteyecontactwithanotherdriver

Haveyoueverwonderedwhybirdssing?Maybeyouthoughtthattheywerejusthappy.Afterallyouprobablysingorwhistlewhenyouarehappy.Somescientistsbelievethatbirdsdosingsomeofthetimejustbecausetheyarehappy.Howevertheysingmostofthetimeforaverydifferentreason.Theirsingingisactuallyawarningtootherbirdstostayoutoftheirterritory.Doyouknowwhataterritoryis?A.territoryisanareathatananimalusuallythemaleclaimsasitsown.OnlyheandhisfamilyarewelcometherE.NootherfamiliesofthesamespeciesarewelcomE.YouryardandhouseareyourterritorywhereonlyyourfamilyandfriendsarewelcomE.Ifastrangershouldenteryourterritoryandthreatenyouyoumightshout.Probablythiswouldbeenoughtofrightenhimaway.Ifsoyouhaveactuallyscaredthestrangerawaywithouthavingtofighthim.A.birddoesthesamething.Butheexpectsanoutsideralmostanytimeespeciallyatnestingseason.Soheisscreamingallthetimewhetherhecanseeanoutsiderornot.Thisscreamingiswhatwecallabird’ssonganditisusuallyenoughtokeepanoutsideraway.Birdssingloudestinthespringwhentheyaretryingtoattractamateandwarnothersnottoentertheterritoryoftheirs.Youcanseethatbirdshavealanguagealltheirown.Mostofithastodowithattractingmatesandsettingupterritories.50.Accordingtothepassagemostofthetimebirds’singingisactually.A.anexpressionofhappinessB.awayofwarningC.anexpressionofangerD.awayofgreeting51.Whatisabird’sterritory?A.A.placewherefamiliesofotherspeciesarenotaccepteD.B.A.placewhereabirdmayshoutatthetopofitsvoicE.C.Anareaforwhichbirdsfightagainsteachother.D.Anareawhichabirdconsiderstobeitsown.52.Whydobirdskeeponsingingatnestingseason?A.Becausetheywanttoinvitemorefriends.B.Becausetheirsinginghelpsfrightenoutsidersaway.C.BecausetheywanttofindoutsidersarounD.D.Becausetheirsinginghelpsgetridoftheirfears.53.Howdoesthewriterexplainbirds’singing?A.Bycomparingbirdswithhumanbeings.B.Byreportingexperimentresults.C.Bydescribingbirds’dailylifE.D.Bytellingabird’sstory.

Ifcarshadwingstheycouldflyandthatjustmighthappenbeginningin2012.ThecompanyTerrafugiabasedinWoburnMassachusettssaysitplanstodeliveritscar­planetheTransitiontocustomersbytheendof2012.It’sthenext‘wow’vehiclesaidTerrafugiavicepresidentRichardGersh.AnybodycanbuyaFerraributaswesayFerrarisdon’tfly.Thecarplanehaswingsthatunfoldforflying—aprocessthecompanysaystakesoneminute—andfoldbackupfordriving.A.runwayisstillrequiredtotakeoffandlanD.TheTransitionisbeingmarketedmoreasaplanethatdrivesthanacarthatfliesalthoughitisboth.ThecompanyhasbeenworkingwithFAAtomeetaircraftregulationsandwiththeNationalHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministrationtomeetvehiclesafetyregulations.ThecompanyisaimingtoselltheTransitiontoprivatepilotsasamoreconvenientandcheaperwaytofly.Theysayitsavesyouthetroubleoftryingtofindanothermodeoftransportationtogettoandfromairports:Youdrivethecartotheairportandthenyou’regoodtogo.WhenyoulandyoufoldupthewingsandhittheroaD.Therearenoexpensiveparkingfeesbecauseyoudon’thavetostoreitatanairport—youparkitinthegarageathomE.Thecar­planeisdesignedtoflyprimarilyunder10000feet.Ithasamaximumtakeoffweightof1430poundsincludingfuelandpassengers.TerrafugiasaystheTransitionreducesthepotentialforanaccidentbyallowingpilotstodriveunderbadweatherinsteadofflyingintomarginal临界conditions.TheTransition’spricetag:$194000.ButtheremaybeadditionalchargesforoptionslikearadiotransponderorGPS.Anotheroptionisafull­planeparachutE.IfyougetintoaveryawfulsituationitisthenecessarysafetyoptionGershsaiD.Sofarthecompanyhasmorethan70orderswithdeposits.We’reworkingverycloselywiththembuttherearestillsomeremainingstepsBrownsaiD.66.Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat________.A.peoplemightdriveacar­planein2012B.car­planeswillbepopularin2012C.bothTransitionandFerraricantakeoffandlandD.RichardGershisthevicepresidentofMassachusetts67.Ittakesthecar­planeoneminuteto________.A.foldandunfolditswingsB.meetflyingsafetyregulationsC.landintheairportD.unfoldwingsforflying68.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Thecar­planeneedsarunwaytotakeoffandlanD.B.Thecar­planemayflyashighasnormalplanes.C.TomeetaircraftregulationsthecompanyhasbeenworkingwithFAA.D.Peoplecanparkthecar­planeinthegarageattheirhomE.69.Theunderlinedworditinthelastbutoneparagraphrefersto________.A.theradioB.thetransponderC.thefull­planeparachuteD.theGPS70.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.CarsWithWingsCanFlyAsFastAsPlaneB.WhichToChoose:A.FerrariOrA.Car­Plane?C.AMoreConvenientAndCheaperWayToFlyD.CarsWithWingsMayBeJustAroundTheCorner

EatinginspaceisdifferentfromeatingonEarth.Thefoodthatastronautscarrywiththemdoesnotlooklikethefoodyoueat.Somefoodiscarriedinclosedbags.Itiscookedandfrozenbeforetheastronautsgetit.AllthewaterisremovedfromthefooD.Inthespaceshiptheastronautputsthewaterback.Heshootshotorcoldwaterintothefoodbagwithaspecial特别的gun.Heeatsthefoodthroughasmallholeinthebag.Otherfoodscomeinbite一口sizes.TheastronautputsawholepieceinhismouthatoncE.Therecanbenocrumbs碎屑.Crumbswouldfloataroundthespaceshipandgetintheway.Meatandcakeoftencomeinbite-sizepieces.Astronautscannotdrinkwaterfromopencups.Thewaterwouldfloatindropsintotheair.Thewaterisputinthespecialgun.Theastronautshootsthewaterintohismouth.Eatinginspaceisnoteasy.Astron-autsmustlearntoeatthisway.10.Somespacefoodsarecarriedin_______.A.watergunsB.lunchboxesC.closedbagsD.crumbs11.Whycan'tastronautsdrinkwaterfromopencups?A.Becausethewaterwouldfloatoutfromtheopencups.B.BecausethewaterwouldspillalloverthefooD.C.Becausecrumbswouldfloatinthecups.D.Becausethecupswouldfloatintheair.12.Themainideaofthewholestoryisthat_______.A.thereismorefoodandwaterinspacethanonearthB.eatinganddrinkinginspaceisaspecialproblemC.astronautscannevereatordrinkinaspaceshipD.thereisnoexpensivefoodorwaterinaspaceship

Whenaskedwhattheyhavedonetohelpprotecttheenvironmentmostpeoplewillalmostmentionrecycling.RecyclinginthehomeisveryimportantofcoursE.HoweverbeingforcedtorecycleoftenmeanswealreadyhavemorematerialthanweneeD.Wearedealingwiththeresultsofthatover–consumptioninthegreenestwaypossiblebutitwouldbefarbetterifwedidnotneedtobringsomuchmaterialhomeinthefirstplacE.Thetotalamountofpackaginghasincreasedby12%between1999and2005.Itnowmakesupathirdofatypicalhousehold’swasteintheUK.InmanysupermarketsnowadaysfooditemsarepackagedtwicewithplasticandcardboarD.Toomuchpackagingisdoingseriousdamagetotheenvironment.TheUKforexampleisrunningoutofitforburyingthisunnecessarywastE.Ifsuchpackagingisburntitgivesoffgreenhousegaseswhichgoontocausethegreenhouseeffect.Recyclinghelpsbuttheprocessitselfusesenergy.ThesolutionisnottoproducesuchitemsinthefirstplacE.Foodwasteisaseriousproblemtoo.ToomanysupermarketsencouragecustomerstobuymorethantheyneeD.HoweverfewofthemarecomingroundtotheideathatthiscannotcontinueencouragingcustomerstoreusetheirplasticbagsforexamplE.Butthisisnotjustaboutsupermarkets.Itisaboutallofus.Wehavelearnedtoassociatepackagingwithquality.Wehavelearnedtothinkthatsomethingunpackagedisofpoorquality.ThisisespeciallytrueoffooD.Butitisalsoappliedtoawiderangeofconsumerproductswhichoftenhavefarmorepackagingthannecessary.TherearesignsofhopE.AsmoreofusrecyclewearebeginningtorealizejusthowmuchunnecessarymaterialsarecollecteD.WeneedtofacethewastefulnessofourconsumerculturebutwehaveamountaintoclimB.66.Theunderlinedphrasethatover-consumptionreferto______________.A.Havingmorematerialthanisneeded.B.Recyclingtoomanywastes.C.Makingmoreproductsthannecessary.D.Usingtoomuchpackaging.67.TheauthorusesfiguresinParagraph2toshow___________.A.thetendencyofcuttinghouseholdwasteB.theincreaseofpackagingrecyclingC.therapidgrowthofsupermarketsD.thefactofpackagingoveruse68.Accordingtothetextrecycling___________.A.helpscontrolthegreenhouseeffectB.meansburningpackagingforenergyC.isthesolutiontogasshortageD.leadstoawasteofland69.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph4that____________.A.Unpackagedproductsareofbadquality.B.Itisimpropertojudgequalitybypackaging.C.Otherproductsarebetterpackagedthanfood.D.Supermarketscaremoreaboutpackaging.70.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Peoplelikecollectingrecyclablewastes.B.Needlessmaterialismostlyrecycled.C.Fightingwastefulnessisdifficult.D.Theauthorisproudoftheirconsumerculture.

Pollutantscomingfromautomobileoperationhavebeguntocausemanyenvironmentalproblems.Ithasbeencalculatedforexamplethat70%ofthecarbonmonoxide45%ofthenitrogenoxidesand34%ofthehydrocarbon碳氢化合物pollutionintheUnitedStatescanbetraceddirectlytoautomobileexhausts废气.Inadditionrubbermotoroilandothermaterialsaccumulateonroadwaysandarewashedintostreamswitheffectsnearlyasseriousasthoseofuntreatedwastewater.InanefforttoimprovethesituationtheU.S.governmenthasmaderegulationsontheuseoftheconstituents成分ofautomobileexhaustgasthatareknowntocauseairpollution.Theseconstituentsfallroughlyintothreetypes:hydrocarbonsthatpassthroughtheengineunburned;carbonmonoxidealsoaproductofincompleteburning;andnitrogenoxideswhichareformedwhennitrogenandoxygenareincontactathightemperatures.Besidestheirownpoisonouscharacterhydrocarbonsandnitrogenoxidesreactinthepresenceofsunlighttoformharmfulsmog.Carbonmonoxideandhydrocarbonsarerathereasilycontrolledbytheuseofhigherburningtemperaturesinengines.Unfortunatelytheconditionsthatproduceminimumemissionofhydrocarbonstendtoraiseemissionofnitrogenoxides.Inawaythisdifficultyissolvedbyaddingrecycledexhaustgastothefuelmixturethusavoidingtheoversupplyofoxygenthatfavorsformationofnitrogenoxides.Californiawhichhasthemoststrictair-pollutionlawsintheUnitedStatesrequiresfurtherspecialcompoundingofgastocontrolemissionsandseveralstateshaveorderedthatalcoholbemixedwithgasasthiswillreduceemissionsofthecarbonmonoxideby35percentandthehydrocarbonsby15percent.67.TheauthorusesfiguresinParagraph1________.A.toshowtheconsequenceofautomobileexhaustsB.tohighlighttheimportanceofenvironmentprotectionC.toreflecttherapidgrowthofautomobileuseD.tocriticizethelowqualityofcars68.Howarenitrogenoxidesformedaccordingtothetext?A.Nitrogenandoxygenareputtogetheringreatheat.B.Carbonmonoxideandoxygenaremixedtogether.C.HydrocarbonspassthroughtheenginE.D.Nitrogenisburnedincompletely.69.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothetext?A.Hydrocarbonshavenopoisonouscharacterthemselves.B.Smogwillformwhenhydrocarbonsmeetnitrogenoxidesinthesunlight.C.CarbonmonoxidecanbecontrolledintheenginE.D.Theconditionsthatdeceaseemissionofhydrocarbonswillincreaseemissionofnitrogenoxides.70.Accordingtothetextalcoholisaddedtogasinorderto______.A.increaseawarenessofenvironmentprotectionB.controlairpollutionC.increasethefuelefficiencyD.replacegasgradually

CanpeoplechangetheirskincolorwithoutsufferinglikepopkingMichaelJackson?Perhapsyes.Scientistshavefoundthegenethatdeterminesskincolor.Thegenecomesintwoversionsoneofwhichisfoundin99percentofEuropeans.Theotherisfoundin93t0100percentofAfricansresearchersatPennsylvaniaStateUniversityreportinthelatestissueofSciencE.Scientistshavechangedthecolorofadark-stripedzebrafish斑马鱼touniformgoldbyinsertingaversionofthepigment色素geneintoayoungfish.Aswithhumanszebrafishskincolorisdeter-minedbypigmentcellswhichcontainmelanin黑色素.Thenumbersizeanddarknessofmelaninperpigmentcelldetermineskincolor.Itappearsthatlikethegoldenzebrafishlight-skinnedEuropeansalsohaveamutation变异inthegeneformelaninproduction.Thisresultsinlesspigrnentedskin.HoweverKeithChengleaderoftheresearchteampointsoutthatthemutationisdifferentinhu-mananclzebrafishgenes.HumansacquireddarkskininAfricaaboutl.5millionyearsagotoprotectbodiesfromultra-violetraysofthesun.whichcancauseskincancer.ButwhenmodemhumansleaveAfricatoliveinnorthemlatitudestheyneedmoresunlightontheirskintoproducevitaminD.SotherelatedgenechangesaccordingtoCheng.AsianshavethesameversionofthegeneasAfricanssotheyprobablyacquiredtheirlightskinthroughtheactionofsomeothergenethataffectsskincolorsaidCheng.Thenewdiscoverycouldleadtomedicaltreatmentsforskincancer.ltalsocouldleadtoresearchin-towaystochangeskincolorwithoutdamagingitlikechemicaltreatmentdidonMichaelJackson.56.Scientistshavedoneanexperimentonadark-stripedzebrafishinordertoA.finclthedifferentgenesohumans'B.provethehumans'skincolorisdeterminedbythepigmentgeneC.findoutthereasonwhytheAfricans'skincolorisdarkD.fincloutthewaysofchangingpeople'sskincolor57.ltcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.A.nowadayspeoplewhowanttochangetheirskincolorhavetosuffer8lotfromthedamagecausedbythechemicaltreatmentB.EuropeansandAfricanshavethesamegeneC.thenewdiscoverycouldhelptofindmedicaltreatmentsforskincancerD.therearetwokindsofgenes58.Thepassagemainlytellsusthat.A.scientistshavefoundoutthatpeople'sskincolorisdeterminedbythegeneB.thenewdiscoverycouldleadtoresearchintowaystochangeskincolorsafelyC.popkingMichaelJacksonoftenchangedhisskincolorashelikedD.peoplecannotchangetheirskincolorwithoutanypain59.ThereasonwhyEuropeansarelight-skinnedisprobablythat.A.theyarebomlight-skinnedpeopleB.light-skinnedEuropeanshavemutationinthegeneformelaninproductionC.theyhavefeweractivitiesoutsideD.theypaymuchattentiontoprotectingtheirskin60.Thewriter'sattitudetowarclsthediscoveryis.A.neutralB.negativeC.indifferentD.positive

HavingBreakfastOrNotWillitmatterifyoudon’ttakeyourbreakfast?A.shorttimeagoatest试验wasgivenintheUnitedStates.Peopleofdifferentagesfrom12to83wereaskedtohaveatest.Duringthetestthesepeopleweregivenallkindsofbreakfastandsometimestheygotnobreakfastatall.Scientists科学家wantedtoseehowwelltheirbodiesworkedwhentheyhadeatendifferentkindsofbreakfast.Theresultsshowthatifapersoneatsarightbreakfastheorshewillworkbetterthanifheorshehasnobreakfast.Ifastudenthasfruiteggsbreadandmilkbeforegoingtoschoolheorshewilllearnmorequicklyandlistenmorecarefullyinclass.Theresultisoppositetowhatsomepeoplethink.Havingnobreakfastwillnothelpyouloseweight减轻体重.Thisisbecausepeoplebecomesohungryatnoonthattheyeattoomuchforlunch.Theywillgainweight增加体重insteadoflosingit.Youwilllosemoreweightifyoureduceyourothermeals.56.Duringthetestthepeopleweregiven________.A.nobreakfastatallB.veryrichbreakfastC.differentfoodsorsometimesnoneD.littlefoodforbreakfast57.Theresultsshowthat________.A.breakfasthaslittletodowithaperson’sworkB.breakfasthasgreateffect影响onworkandstudiesC.apersonwillworkbetterifheonlyhasfruitandmilkD.girlstudentsshouldhavelessforbreakfast58.Accordingto根据thepassagesomepeoplethinkthatifyoudon’thavebreakfastyouwill__________.A.behealthierB.workbetterC.loseweightD.failthetest59.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Itisbadforyourhealthtohavenobreakfast.B.Toolittleforbreakfastandtoomuchforlunchmaymakeyoufatter.C.Ifyoudon’teatmuchforlunchandsupperyoumayloseweight.D.Themorebreakfastyouhavethemorequicklyyou’lllearninclass.

Plantsareveryimportantlivingthings.Lifecouldnotgoiftherewerenoplants.Thisisbecauseplantscanmakefoodfromairwaterandsunlight.Animalsandmancannotmakefoodfromairwaterandsunlight.Animalsgettheirfoodbyeatingplantsandotheranimals.SoanimalsandmanneedplantsinordertolivE.Thisiswhywefindthattherearesomanyplantsaroundus.Ifyoulookcarefullyattheplantsaroundyouyouwillfindthattherearetwokindsofplants:floweringplantsandnon-floweringplants.Floweringplantscanmakeseeds.Theseedsareprotectedbythefruits.Somefruitshaveoneseedsomehavetwothreeorfourandsomehavemanyseeds.Butafewfruitshavenoseedsatall.Anexampleofafruitwithoutseedsisthebananafruit.Mostnon-floweringplantsdon’tgrowfromseeds.Theygrowfromspores.Sporesaresosmallandlightthattheycanfloatintheair.Wemaysaythatsporesarequitethesameastheseeds.Whenthesesporesfallonwetandshadyplacestheyusuallygrowintonewplants.50.Themainideaofthepassageisthat__________.A.plantsareimportantforlifeB.plantscannotgrowwithoutairC.therearemanyplantsaroundusD.wecannotlivewithoutwater51.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?A.Plantscanbedividedintomaintypes:floweringplantsandnon-floweringplants.B.AllfruitshaveseedsinthemC.Seedsareprotectedbythefruits.D.Someplantsgrowfromspores.52.Thewordnon-floweringinthispassagemeans__________.A.开花的B.有花的C.多花的D.不开花的53.Inshadyplacethereis__________.A.alotofsunshineB.alotofwaterC.nowaterD.littlesunshine

Whenyougoshoppingyouaregivenatleastoneplasticbagtocarrywhatyou’vebought.Theyaresocommonthatwedon’toftengivethemasecondthought.Butthebeginningoftheendmayhavecomefortheplasticbag.AsmalltowninTasmaniaanislandoffthesouthcoastofmainlandAustraliaismakingitselfanenvironmentalrolemodel模范bybecomingthecountry’sfirstplastic­bag­freetown.SinceApril28ColesBay’spopulationof175anditstouristshoppershavebeenusingreusablepaperorclothbagstocarrytheirshopping.ColesBaysitsontheedgeofthebeautifulFreycinetnationalpark.Around180000touristspassthroughthetownandtheparkeveryyear.BenKearneyalocalbusinessmanwhosupportsthebagbansaiditwouldcuttheamountofwasteandpreventdamagetonativewildlifewhotrytoeattheplastiC.Mostofthebusinessherecomesfromthetourismandthat’sallbasedontheenvironmentsopeoplewereprettysupportivE.hesaiD.EveryyearAustraliansusemorethan6millionplasticbags.Morethanhalfofthesecomefromsupermarkets.Since_it_takes_years_for_the_bags_to_biodegrade_生物分解tens_of_millions_end_up_polluting_the_environment.Theykillabout100000seabirdsandanimalswhichmistakethebagsforfoodeveryyear.OnlyinthepastfewmonthshavemajorAustraliansupermarketsbeguncuttingdownontheiruseofplasticbags.Environmentalgroupsarepushingforaplasticbagfee费likethatinIrelanD.Theresinceplasticbagscost10penceabout1yuaneachtheirusehasbeencutby90percent.PollutioncausedbyplasticbagsisabigheadacheforcountriesallovertheworlD.Asearlyas1999BeijingsaidthatonlyplasticbagsofcertainthicknesscouldbeuseD.Thiswastoencouragethemtobeusedagainandagain.InChina’scapitalaloneanaverageof6millionplasticbagsareusedeverysingleday.36.What’smeantbythebeginningoftheendmayhavecomefortheplasticbaginthefirstparagraph?A.It’spossibleforthewaragainstplasticbagusetohavebeenstarteD.B.It’slikelythatplasticbagusehasbeenstoppeD.C.Itwon’tbelongbeforeanendisputtoplasticbagusE.D.OncestartedplasticbagusewillneverenD.37.WecanknowfromthepassagethatColesBay________.A.isasmallcoastalcityB.isaplacewhereyoucanseefarmorevisitorsthannativesC.wasthefirsttoofferplasticbagstoshoppersfreeofchargeD.isaplacewherereusableplasticbagsareused38.AccordingtoBenKearneythenativeswelcomethechangeinbagusebecausethey________.A.needtomakemoneyB.areshortofenergysupplyC.don’twanttowastemoneyD.wanttodosomethinggoodformankind39.JudgingfromtheunderlinedsentenceintheParagraph7endupdoingsth.means________.A.stopdoingsth.B.begindoingsth.C.dosth.asaresultD.disappearwhiledoingsth.40.Whichcountryorareaismorepollutedbyplasticbagsthantheothers?A.IrelanD.B.MainlandAustraliA.C.ColesBay.D.Beijing.

Manyanimalsrecognizetheirfoodbecausetheyseeit.Sodohumans.Whenyouseeanappleorapieceofchocolateyouknowthatthesearethingsyoucaneat.YoucanalsouseothersenseswhenyouchooseyourfooD.YoumaylikeitbecauseitsmellsgoodorbecauseittastesgooD.YoumaydislikesometypesoffoodbecausetheydonotlooksmellortasteverynicE.DifferentanimalsusedifferentsensestofindandchoosetheirfooD.A.fewanimalsdependononlyoneoftheirsenseswhilemostanimalsusemorethanonesensE.AlthoughtherearemanydifferenttypesoffoodsomeanimalsspendtheirliveseatingonlyonetypE.Thegiantpandaeatsonlyoneparticulartypeofbamboo竹子.OtheranimalseatonlyonetypeoffoodevenwhengiventhechoicE.A.kindofwhitebutterfly蝴蝶willstayontheleavesofacabbageeventhoughthereareplentyofothervegetablesinthegarden.Howevermostanimalshaveamorevaried多样化diet.Thebeareatsfruitsandfish.Thefoxeatssmallanimalsbirdsandfruits.Thedietoftheseanimalswillbedifferentdependingontheseason.Humanshaveaveryvarieddiet.Weofteneatfoodbecausewelikeitandnotbecauseitisgoodforus.IncountriessuchasFranceandBritainpeopleeatfoodswithtoomuchsugar.Thismakesthemoverweightwhichisbadfortheirhealth.Eatingtoomuchredmeatandanimalproductssuchasbuttercanalsobebadforthehealth.ChoosingtherightfoodthereforehasbecomeanareaofstudyinmodernlifE.58.Wecaninferfromthetextthathumansandanimals_________.A.dependononesenseinchoosingfoodB.arenotsatisfiedwiththeirfoodC.choosefoodinsimilarwaysD.eatentirelydifferentfood59.Whichofthefollowingeatsonlyonetypeoffood?A.Thewhitebutterfly.B.ThesmallbirD.C.Thebear.D.Thefox.60.Certainanimalschangetheirchoiceoffoodwhen___________.A.theseasonchangesB.thefoodcolorchangesC.theymovetodifferentplacesD.theyareattractedbydifferentsmells61.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthat__________.A.foodischosenforagoodreasonB.FrenchandBritishfoodisgoodC.somepeoplehavefewchoicesoffoodD.somepeoplecarelittleabouthealthydiet

Whyshouldmankindexplorespace?Whyshouldmoneytimeandeffortbespentexploringandresearchingsomethingwithsofewapparentbenefits?WhyshouldresourcesbespentonspaceratherthanonconditionsandpeopleonEarth?ThesearequestionsthatunderstandablyareveryoftenaskeD.Perhapsthebestanswerliesinourgeneticmakeup基因构成ashumanbeings.Whatdroveourancestorstomovefromthetreesintotheplainsandonintoallpossibleareasandenvironments?Thewiderthespreadofaspeciesthebetteritschanceofsurvival.PerhapsthebestreasonforexploringspaceisthisgenetictendencytoexpandwhereverpossiblE.Nearlyeverysuccessfulcivilizationhasexploredbecausebydoingsoanydangersinsurroundingareascanbeidentifiedandpreparedfor.Withoutknowledgewemaybecompletelydestroyedbythedanger.Withknowledgewecanlessenitseffects.Explorationalsoallowsmineralsandotherpotential潜在的resourcestobefounD.Evenifwehavenoimmediateneedofthemtheywillperhapsbeusefullater.Resourcesmaybemorethanphysicalpossessions.Knowledgeortechniqueshavebeenacquiredthroughexploration.Thetechniquesmayhavemedicalapplicationswhichcanimprovethelengthorqualityofourlives.Wehavealreadybenefitedfromotherspin-offsincludingimprovementsinearthquakepredictioninsatellitesforweatherforecastingandincommunicationssystems.Evennon-stickpansandmirroredsunglassesareby-products副产品oftechnologicaldevelopmentsinthespaceindustry!Whilemanyresourcesarespentonwhatseemsasmallreturntheexplorationofspaceallowscreativebraveandintelligentmembersofourspeciestofocusonwhatmayservetosaveus.Whilespacemayholdmanywondersandexplanationsofhowtheuniversewasformedorhowitworksitalsoholdsdangers.ThedangerexistsbutknowledgecanhelphumanbeingstosurvivE.Withouttheabilitytoreachoutacrossspacethechancetosaveourselvesmightnotexist.WhileEarthistheonlyplanetknowntosupportlifesurelytheadaptiveabilityofhumanswouldallowustoliveonotherplanets.ItistruethatthelifestylewouldbedifferentbuthumanlifeandcultureshaveadaptedinthepastandsurelycouldinthefuturE.56.WhydoestheauthormentionthequestionsinParagraph1?A.Toexpresshisdoubts.B.Tocomparedifferentideas.C.Tointroducepointsfordiscussion.D.TodescribetheconditionsonEarth.57.WhatisthereasonforexploringspacebasedonParagraph2?A.Humansarenature-borntodoso.B.Humanshavethetendencytofight.C.HumansmayfindnewsourcesoffooD.D.Humansdon’tliketostayinthesameplacE.58.Theunderlinedwordspin-offsinParagraph4probablyrefersto­­_______.A.survivalchancesB.potentialresourcesC.unexpectedbenefitsD.physicalpossessions59.Whatmakesitpossibleforhumanstoliveonotherplanets?A.Ourgeneticmakeup.B.Resourcesontheearth.C.Theadaptiveabilityofhumans.D.By-productsinspaceexploration.60.Whichofthestatementscanbestsumupthepassage?A.Spaceexplorationhascreatedmanywonders.B.Spaceexplorationprovidesthebestvalueformoney.C.Spaceexplorationcanbenefitscienceandtechnology.D.SpaceexplorationmayhelpusavoidpotentialproblemsonEarth.

Mostepisodes经历ofabsent-mindedness--forgettingwhereyouleftsomethingorwonderingwhyyoujustenteredaroom--arecausedbyasimplelackofattentionsaysSchacter.Youaresupposedtoremembersomethingbutyouhaven'tencoded编号itdeeply.EncodingSchacterexplainsisaspecialwayofpayingattentiontoaneventthathasamajorimpactonrecallingitlater.Failuretoencodeproperlycancreateannoyingsituations.Ifyouputyourmobilephoneinapocketforexampleanddon'tpayattentiontowhatyoudidbecauseyouareinvolvedinaconversationyou'llprobablyforgetthatthephoneisinthejacketnowhanginginyourwardrobe衣柜.Yourmemoryitselfisn'tfailingyousaysSchacter.Ratheryoudidn'tgiveyourmemorysystemtheinformationitneedeD.Lackofinterestcanalsoleadtoabsent-mindedness.Amanwhocanrecitesportsstatisticsfrom30yearsagosaysZelinskimaynotremembertodropaletterinthemailbox.Womenhaveslightlybettermemoriesthanmenpossiblybecausetheypaymoreattentiontotheirenvironmentandmemoryreliesonjustthat.Visualcluescanhelppreventabsent-mindednesssaysSchacter.Butbesurethecue暗示isclearandavailablehewarns.Ifyouwanttoremembertotakemedicinewithlunchputthepillbottleonthekitchentable--don'tleaveitinthemedicineboxandwriteyourselfanotethatyoukeepinapocket.Anothercommonepisodeofabsent-mindedness:walkingintoaroomandwonderingwhyyouaretherE.MostlikelyyouwerethinkingaboutsomethingelsE.EveryonedoesthisfromtimetotimesaysZelinski.Thebestthingtodoistoreturntowhereyouwerebeforeenteringtheroomandyou'lllikelyremember.57.Whatisabsent-mindednessmainlycausedby?A.Lackofinterest.B.LackofattentionC.Walkingintoaroom.D.Visualclues.58.Whichofthefollowingisanabsent-mindedsymptom?A.WalkingintoaroomtofindwhereyouarE.B.LeavingtheclueinthemedicinebottlE.C.Forgettingtodropaletterintothemailbox.D.Recitingsportsstatistics30yearsago.59.Whatcanhelppreventabsent-mindedness?A.TryingtoremembersomethingasmuchaspossiblE.B.ReturningtowhereyouwerE.C.EncodingsomethingdeeplyinyourminD.D.Showingmoreinterestinsomething.60.Accordingtothetwoexpertswhatcanhelppeopletoremembersomething?A.Cues.B.Bottles.C.Environment.D.Statistics.

Fishhavestartedprotectingus.ItseemsunlikelybuttheIntelligentAutomationCorporationhasdevelopedasystemthatusesfishtoprotectourwatersupplies.Citiesandtownssharewaterwithmillionsofpeoplesoit’simportantthatthewateriscleanandsafetodrink.Bluegillswhicharesmallenoughtofitinyourhandarethefishthatareprotectingourwater.TheyarecommonfreshwaterfishnativetoAmericaandarealsoknownasbreamorsunfish.AccordingtotheAssociatedPressthebluegillswereoriginallyusedbytheArmytomakesurewaterwassafE.NowSanFranciscoNewYorkCityWashingtonD.Candseveralothercitiesusethebluegillmonitoringsystem.Thebluegillsystemworksbyconstantlyfillingthefishtankwithcityortownwater.A.smallgroupofbluegillsswiminthelocalwaterandarecloselymonitoreD.Bluegillsareverysensitivetotheirenvironment.ChangesintheenvironmentcausetheirbehaviorandbreathingpatternstochangE.TheycoughifthewaterispolluteD.Fishcoughbyflexingtheirgills鳃togetridofunwantedparticleslikegrainofsandfromtheirbreathingpassages.Ifthebluegillsarecoughingthecomputersendsanalarmviaemail.ThebluegillsinNewYorkCitydiscoveredandieselspill柴油外溢hoursbeforetheusualmonitors.Addingthebluegillsystemtoregularwaterprotectionmethodsresultedinanearlywarningandsaferwater.Peopleusethebluegillsystemtomonitorwatersupplies_____.A.becausetheyhavehighsensibilitytotheirenvironmentB.becausetheyareusedtoswimminginthefreshwaterC.becausetheycancoughbymeansoftheirgillsD.becausetheyareabletosende-mailsbycomputersWhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutBluegillsisNOTtrue?A.TheyareaboutthesizeofahumanhanD.B.TheyarefreshwaterfisheasilyfoundinAmericA.C.Theywereusedtosafeguardwaterinthearmy.D.Theyaresmarterthananyotherlivingthingonearth.Peopledecidewhetherthewaterispollutedbymeansof_____.A.informationsentbytheArmyB.thewarninge-mailthecomputersendsC.observingtheactivitiesofbluegillsD.constantlyfillingthefishtankwithwater

Aschildrengrowuptheybecomecuriousaboutdifferentkindsofthings.Whentheyarebabiestheyareinterestedinthepartsoftheirbodiesandinthesmilesoftheirmothers.Thentheybecomeinterestedinthephysicalworldaroundthem:theplantstheanimalsthesky.Latertheybecomeinterestedinthethingsthatpeoplehavemade:wheelsbicyclescars.Andwhentheyareadultstheircuriositycontinues.Sometimesthiscuriosityleadstoacareer生涯职业insciencE.ScientistsspendtheirlivestryingtofindoutabouttheworlD.Thosewhoworkwiththeearthsciencesstudytheearththeoceansandtheskies.Otherscientistswhostudylivingthingsworkwiththebiologicalsciences.A.thirdgroupofscientistsstudythephysicalsciencesE.g.physicschemistry.ThesescientistshavealreadydiscoveredalotaboutourworlD.Forexampletheytelluswhyyourheartbeatsfastwhenyourun.Theysaythatwhenyouarequietyourheartnormallybeatssixty-fiveorseventy-fivetimesaminutE.Yourheartisapump泵thatpumpsbloodtoallpartsofthebody.Thebloodcarriesoxygenandnutrition.Whenyourunyourmusclesworkveryhardandusethenutritionthatthebloodcarriestothem.Themusclesneedoxygentoo.Soyourbrainsendsasignaltotheheart.Thesignalmeansthatthemusclesneedmorenutritionandoxygen.Thentheheartbeatsfastandsendsbloodquicklytothemuscles.Itmaybeat90to140timesaminutE.Ofcoursescientistscannotanswerallofourquestions.IfweaskWhydoestheoceanwatertastesalty?scientistswillsaythatthesaltcomesfromrocks.Whenarockgetsveryhotorverycolditcracks.Rainfallsintocracks.Therainthencarriesthesaltintotheearthandintotherivers.Theriverscarrythesaltintotheocean.ButthenweaskWhathappenstothesaltintheocean?Theoceandoesnotgetsaltiereveryyear.Scientistsarenotsureabouttheanswertothisquestion.Weknowalotaboutourworldbuttherearestillmanyanswersthatwedonothaveandwearecurious.53.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Peoplearecuriousinthesameway.B.Peopleindifferentcountriesareinterestedindifferentthings.C.Menandwomenarecuriousaboutdifferentthings.D.Peopleofdifferentagesareinterestedindifferentthings54.Scientistswhoworkwiththebiologicalsciencesstudy____.A.theearththeoceansandthesky;B.man-madethingsC.plantsandanimals;D.oceanwater55.Whenyourunyourmusclesneed____.A.morenutritionandoxygen;B.moresignalsC.moresalt;D.water56.A.rockcracks_____.A.inwetregions;B.indryregionsC.atveryhighorverylowtemperatures;D.whensaltywaterfallsin

Todaytheworldisrapidlyurbanizing.Withhalfoftheworldpopulationexpectedtoliveincitiesbytheearlypartofthe21stcenturytheShanghai2010WorldExpo’sfocusonabettercitybearsprofoundmeaning.Whatmightfuturecitieslooklike28yearsfromnow?Herearesomescenarios:thingstocomethingstogo.ZerowasteWastedisposalisoneofthebiggestheadachesforcities.Apartfromrecyclablewasteeverythingisburiedorincinerated焚烧onlytopollutetheenvironment.Plasticwasteremainsundergroundforseveraldecades.Theworldproducesmuchmoregarbagethanitcandisposeof.NowattheExpoallwasteisdeliveredtoacompressionstationwherethewasteissortedfiltereddecontaminateddeodorizedandcompressedbeforefinallybeingdisposedofatdesignatedspots.InBeijingpeoplelivingintheAsuweiareaturntheirhouseholdwasteintoorganicfertilizerswhichareusedtogrowplantsatresidencecommunities.NomoretransportationproblemsduringSpringFestivalTheSpringFestivalthemostimportantChineseholidaywheneveryonereturnshomehascausedheadachesformillionsofChinesE.Morethan2billionpeopletravelatthesametimemakingobtainingtravelticketsandthejourneydifficult.Butin28yearsSpringFestivaltravelmaynotbeaproblematall.Chinaplanstohavemorethan120000kilometersofrailwayandarapidtransportationnetworkthatwillserve90percentofthepopulationby2020.AndbecausemostofChinawillbecitiespeoplewillnothavetogotootherplacestofindajobsomigrationwillnolongerbesolarge-scalE.NewspaperstodisappearAmericanscholarPhilipMeyerpredictsthatnewspaperwillcometoanendin2043.UtagawaReizouformereditor-in-chiefofTheMainichiDailyNewsbelievesthatthenewspaperwillbegonein2030.Thiskindofpredictionmayworrythoseinprintnewsbusiness.IntheU.K.thecirculationsofnationalnewspapersaredeclining.MajorJapanesenewspapershavegoneintodebt.IntheU.S.decliningcirculationsandadrevenueshaveforcedseveralnewspaperstostopprintingpapereditions.MediatycoonRupertMurdochthinksthefutureofmediareliesoninteractionthroughtheInternet.Inthefuturedigitalnewspaperswillbesenttoportalwebterminalsthroughwirelessly.Readerscandiscussissueswithjournalistsandeditors.Informationwillmovefaster.OiltorunoutInAugust2009FatihBirolchiefeconomistoftheInternationalEnergyAgencysaidthatoilisrunningoutfasterthanexpectedandthattheworldwilllikelyfeelthetightnessinsupplyinthenextfiveyears.Scientistshavefoundsubstitutesforoilasfuel.Coalnaturalgassoarpowernuclearpowerandevenwatercanreplaceoilassourcesofenergy.Flammableicereservesalonecansupporthumansforthenext1000years.61.Bynowtheworldpopulationincitieshasgrowtoabout_________.A.6.9billionB.0.75billionC.3.5billionD.1.3billion62.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Everythingburiedorincineratedbesidesrecyclablewastepollutestheenvironment.B.Peopledealwiththeirhouseholdwasteinanenvironmentally-friendlywayintheAsuweiareaBeijing.C.Morethan2billionpeoplesufferfromheadachesduringtheSpringFestivalinChinA.D.By202090percentofthepopulationwillhavetogotootherplacestofindajoB.63.AccordingtotheAmericanpredictorPhilipMeyerwhatwillhappenin2043?A.Newspaperwilldisappear.B.Japanhastostopprintingnewspapers.C.Digitalnewspaperwillbesenttoportalwebterminals.D.Informationwillmovefaster.64._________canreplaceoilassourcesofenergyinthefuturE.A.CoalandnaturalgasB.SolarpowerandnuclearpowerC.WaterandflammableicereservesD.Alltheabove65.Whichofthefollowingcanbebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheShanghai2010WorldExpoB.Whatwillcitylifebelikein28yearsC.A.rapidurbanizingworldD.Thingstocomethingstogo

IfEnglishmeansendlessnewwordsdifficultgrammarandsometimesstrangepronunciationyouarewrong.Haven'tyounoticedthatyouhavebecomesmartersinceyoustartedtolearnalanguage?AccordingtoanewstudybyaBritishuniversitylearningasecondlanguagecanleadtoanincreaseinyourbrainpower.Researchersfoundthatlearningotherlanguageschangesgreymatter.Thisistheareaofthebrainwhichprocessesinformation.Itissimilartothewaythatexercisebuildsmuscles.ThestudyalsofoundtheeffectisgreatertheyoungerpeoplelearnasecondlanguagE.AteamledbyDrAndreaMechellifromUniversityCollegeLondontookagroupofBritonswhoonlyspokeEnglish.Theywerecomparedwithagroupofearlybilingualswhohadlearntasecondlanguagebeforetheageoffiveaswellasanumberoflaterlearners.Scansshowedthatgreymatterdensity密度inthebrainwasgreaterinbilingualsthaninpeoplewithoutasecondlanguagE.ButthelongerapersonwaitedbeforemasteringanewlanguagethesmallerthedifferencE.Ourfindingssuggestthatthestructureofthebrainischangedbytheexperienceoflearningasecondlanguagesaidthescientists.Itmeansthatthechangeitselfincreasestheabilitytolearn.ProfessorDylanVaughanJonesoftheUniversityofWaleshasresearchedthelinkbetweenbilingualismandmathsskills.Havingtwolanguagesgivesyoutwowindowsontheworldandmakesthebrainmoreflexible灵活的hesaiD.Youareactuallygoingbeyondlanguageandhaveabetterunderstandingofdifferentideas.ThefindingswerematchedinastudyofnativeItalianspeakerswhohadlearnedEnglishasasecondlanguagebetweentheagesof2and34.ReadingwritingandcomprehensionwerealltesteD.Theresultsshowedthattheyoungertheystartedtolearnthebetter.Studyingalanguagemeansyougetanentrancetoanotherworldexplainedthescientists.6.Themainsubjecttalkedaboutinthispassageis________.A.scienceonlearningasecondlanguageB.man'sabilityoflearningasecondlanguageC.languagecanhelpbrainpowerD.languagelearningandmathsstudy7.Inthesecondparagraphthewritermentionsexerciseinorderto________.A.saylanguageisalsoakindofphysicallaborB.provethatoneneedsmorepracticewhenhesheislearningalanguageC.showtheimportanceofusingthelanguagewhenyoulearnthelanguageD.makepeoplebelievelanguagelearninghelpsgreymatterworkwell8.Theunderlinedwordbilingualprobablymeans________.A.aresearcheronlanguagelearningB.asecondlanguagelearnerC.apersonwhocanspeaktwolanguagesD.anactivelanguagelearner9.Wemayknowfromthescientificfindingsthat________.A.theearlieryoustarttolearnasecondlanguagethehigherthegreymatterdensityisB.thereisnodifferencebetweenalatersecondlanguagelearnerandonewhodoesn'tknowasecondlanguageC.theexperienceoflearningasecondlanguagehasbadeffectonpeople'sbrainD.theabilityoflearningasecondlanguageischangingallthetime10.Inthelasttwoparagraphstheauthorwantstotellusthat________.A.learningasecondlanguageisthesameasstudyingmathsB.earlylearningofasecondlanguagehelpsyouagreatdealinstudyothersubjectsC.ItalianisthebestchoiceforyouasasecondlanguageD.you'dbetterchoosetheagesbetween2and34tolearnasecondlanguage

Besidesgivingoffgasesanddustsintotheairhumansproducewastethatispouredontheenvironment.OftenthiswasteproducedbymajorindustriesandpeopleisharmfultobothnatureandhumanlifE.Oneofthemaincausesofthelargeamountofdangerouswasteisthatpeopledonotrealizehowlargeaproblemitis.Becauseitcanbesimplyremovedandsenttoalandfill废渣填埋场theproblemisoftenbelievedtoendtherE.Inadditionindustrieshaveoftenshownanunwillingnesstofindwaystodealwithdangerouswastebecauseoftherelatedexpenses.Manyindustriesandgovernmentsbuildsimplelandfillstostorewasteandoftenjustpourwastechemicalsintonearbybodiesofwater.OftenchemicalsusedforindustrialproductioncausedangerousformsofwastE.Theamountofthesechemicalshasincreasedgreatlyinthepastbutitisoftendifficultandexpensivetogetridofthesechemicalsortostoretheminawaysafetohumanlifeandtheenvironment.EveryyearmajorhealthproblemsresultfromdangerouswastE.SadlyitisoftenonlyaftersomeonehasdiedorbecomeseriouslyillthatgovernmentswilltakemeasurestoreducelevelsofharmfulwastE.Somegovernmentshaverealizedhowseriousthedangerouswasteproblemisandarenowtryingtosettlethisproblem.TheyarealsotryingtolimittheamountofwasteindustriesareallowedtoproducE.Notonlygovernmentsbutordinarypeopleaswellmustworktogethertosolvetheproblem.Theycanchoosenottobuythoseproductswhichrequiretheproductionofdangerouswasteandproducelessharmfulwastethemselves.Manyscientiststhinkthatwasteproductioncanbecut.Thewastecanbereducedbyatleastonethirdusingexistingtechnologiesandmethods.72.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.MeasuresofReducingDangerousWasteB.DangerofHarmfulWastetoMankindC.DangerousWasteandWaterPollutionD.EnvironmentalProtection73.Accordingtothetextpeople.A.donotproduceharmfulwasteintheirdailylifeB.donotknowwheretoplacethedangerouswasteC.arenotclearabouthowseriousthedangerouswasteproblemisD.arenotsureaboutwhereharmfulwasteends74.Whattroublesindustriesmostindealingwiththedangerouswasteproblem?A.Howtogetgovernmentsupport.B.Howtoincreasetheirproduction.C.HowtostoreharmfulwastE.D.Howtocutdowntherelatedcosts.75.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Thepollutingindustriesarenotallowedtoselltheirproducts.B.Presenttechnologieshavesettledtheharmfulwasteproblem.C.Everyoneshouldobeythegovernmentrulesfortheproblem.D.Tosolvetheproblemrequirestheeffortsofthewholesociety.

Plantscan’tcommunicatebymovingormakingsoundsasmostanimalsdo.Insteadplantsproducevolatilecompounds挥发性化合物——chemicalsthateasilychangefromaliquidtoagas.A.flower’ssweetsmellforexamplecomesfromsuchvolatilecompoundstoattractinsectssuchasbugsandbees.Plantscanalsodiscovervolatilecompoundsproducedbyotherplants.A.treeunderattackbyhungryinsetsforinstancemaygiveoffthesechemicalsinordertoletothertreesknowabouttheattack.Inresponsetheothertreesmaysendofftheirchemicalstokeepthebugsaway——orevenchemicalsthatwillattractthebugs’naturalenemies.Nowscientistshavecreatedaquickwaytounderstandwhatplantsaresaying:achemicalsensor传感器calledanelectronicnose.Thee-nosecantellsuchcompoundsasplantsmakE.Whenplantsareattackedscientistssaythee-nosecouldhelpquicklydecidewhetherplantsarebeingeatenbyinsects.Buttodaytheonlywaytospotsuchinsectsistoinspectindividualplantsbyobservingthem.Thisisachallengingtaskformanagersofgreenhousesincludingthosethatcanhousethousandsofplants.Theresearchteamisworkingwithane-nosethatcanrecognizevolatilecompounds.Insidethedevice13sensorschemicallyreactwithvolatilecompoundsbasedontheinteractions相互作用andthenthee-nosewillgiveoffelectronicsignalsthatthescientistscananalyzebyusingcomputersoftwarE.Totestthee-nosetheteampresenteditwithhealthyleavesfromcucumberpepperandtomatoplantsallbeingcommongreenhousecrops.Thenscientistscollectedsamplesoftheairarounddamagedleavesfromeachtypeofcrop.Theseplantshadbeendamagedeitherbyinsectsorbyscientistswhomadeholesintheleaveswithaholepunch打孔器.Thee-noseitturnsoutcanidentifyhealthycucumberpepperandtomatoplantsbasedonthevolatilecompoundstheyproducE.ItcouldalsoidentifytomatoleavesthathadbeendamageD.Butevenmoreimpressivethedevicecouldtellwhichtypeofdamage——byinsectsorwithaholepunch——hadbeendonetothetomatoleaves.Withsomefine-tuning微调adevicelikethee-nosecanonedaybeusedingreenhousestoquicklyspotharmfulbugstheresearcherssay.A.devicelikethiscanalsobeusedtoidentifyfruitsthatareperfectlyripeandreadytopickandeatsaysNataliaDudarevaabiochemistatPurdueUniversityinWestLafayetteIndiawhostudiessmellsofflowersandplants.HopefullyscientistsbelievethedevicecanbringlargebenefitstogreenhousemanagersinthenearfuturE.54.Welearnfromthetextthatplantscommunicatewitheachotherby______.A.makingsomesoundsB.wavingtheirleavesC.producingsomechemicalsD.sendingoutelectronicsignals55.Whatdidthescientistsdotofindoutifthee-noseworked?A.Theyfixed13sensorsinsidethedevicE.B.Theypresenteditwithallcommoncrops.C.Theycollecteddifferentdamagedleaves.D.Theydotestsondamagedandhealthyleaves.56.Accordingtothewriterthemostamazingthingaboutthee-noseisthatitcan______.A.pickoutripefruitsquiteexpertlyB.spottheinsectsinaveryquickwayC.telldifferentdamagestoleavesD.recognizeunhealthytomatoleaves57.Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthatthee-nose______.A.isunabletotellthesmellofflowersB.isnotyettestedingreenhousesC.isdesignedbyscientistsatPurdueD.ishelpfulinkillingharmfulinsects

Modernmanhasclearedtheforestsforfarmlandandforwoodandhasalsocarelesslyburnedthem.Morethanthatthoughhehasalsointerfered干涉withtheinvisiblebondsbetweenthelivingthingsintheforests.Therearemanyexamplesofthiskindofdestruction.Theharmfulnessofman’sinterferencecanbeseeninwhathappenedmanyyearsagointheforestoftheKaibabplateau凯亚巴布高原ofnorthernArizonA.MantriedtoimproveonthenaturalwebofforestlifeanddestroyeditinsteaD.TheKaibabhadastorybookforestoflargesizedpineDouglasfirwhitefirblueandEngelmannspruce.In1882avisitornotedWewho...havewanderedthroughitsforestsandparkshavecometoregarditasthemostenchantingregionithaseverbeenourprivilege特权tovisit.ThiswasalsothelivingplaceoftheRockyMountainmuledeer.Indianshuntedthereeveryautumntogathermeatandskins.Theforestalsohadmountainlionstimberwolvesandbobcatsthatkeptthedeerfrommultiplyingtoorapidly.Thenin1906PresidentTheodoreRooseveltmadetheKaibabanationalgamepreservE.Deerhuntingwasforbidden.Governmenthuntersstartedkillingoffthedeer’senemies.In25years’time6250mountainlionswolvesandbobcatswerekilleD.Beforetheprogramtherewereabout4000deerintheKaibabby1924therewereabout100000.Thedeerateeveryleafandtwigtheycouldreach.ButtherewasnotnearlyenoughfooD.Huntingofdeerwaspermittedagain.Thiscausedaslightdecreaseinthedeerherd鹿群butafargreaterlossresultedfromstarvation饥饿anddiseasE.Some60percentofthedeerherddiedintwowinters.By1930theherdhaddroppedto20000animals.By1942itwasdownto8000.12.ThedestructionoftheenvironmentoftheKaibabresultedfrom.A.turningtheforestintocultivatedlandB.interferingwithnaturalcycleofforestlifeC.forestfirescausedbyman’scarelessnessD.cuttingthetreesforbuildingmaterials13.EngelmannspruceParA.2ismostlikelythenameof.A.atreeB.ananimalC.amountainD.agame14.ThenumberofthedeerintheKaibabhadincreasedenormouslyinyears’timE.A.25B.6C.18D.1215.YearslaterlargenumbersofdeerintheKaibabdiedmainlybecauseof.A.thecoldB.theorganizedkillC.theshortageoffoodD.thepoormanagement

PeopletheSailorfirstbecameapopularcartooninthe1930s.Thesailorinthatcartoonatelotsofspinachtomakehimstrong.Peoplewatchedhimandtheybegantobuyandeatalotmorespinach.Popeyehelpedsell33percentmorespinachthanbefore!Spinachbecameanecessarypartofmanypeople’sdiets.EvensomechildrenwhohatedthetastebegantoeatthevegetablE.ManypeoplethoughtthattheironinspinachmadePopeyestrongbutthisisnottruE.SpinachdoesnothaveanymoreironthananyothergreenvegetablE.PeopleonlythoughtspinachhadalotofironbecausethepeoplewhostudiedthefoodmadeamistakE.Inthe1890sagroupofpeoplestudiedwhatwasinsidevegetables.ThisgroupsaidthatspinachhadtentimesmoreironthanitdiD.Thegroupwrotethenumberwrongandeveryoneacceptedit.Todayweknowthatthelittleironthereisinspinachcannotmakeadifferenceinhowstrongapersonis.Howeverspinachdoeshavesomethingelsewhichthebodyneeds—folicaciD.Itisinterestingtopointoutthatfolicacidcanhelpmakeapersonstrong.MaybeitwasreallythefolicacidthatmadePopeyestrongallalong.51.A.goodtitleforthisreadingpassageis______.A.PopeyetheSailorB.TheTruthAboutSpinachC.AMistakewithNumbersD.FolicAcidMakesYouStrong52.WhydidmanypeopleeatspinachaftertheysawPopeyetheSailor?A.Theythoughtspinachmadethemstrong.B.TheythoughtPopeyewasfunny.C.Spinachhadalotofiron.D.PeoplelikedfolicaciD.53.A.researchgrouptoldpeoplethatspinach______.A.madePopeyestrongB.wasagreenvegetableC.hadlessironthanothergreenvegetablesD.hadmoreironthanothergreenvegetables54.ThereadingpassagesaysthatperhapsPopeyegothisstrengthfrom______.A.ironB.folicacidC.spinachD.exercise55.Folicacidis______.A.somethinginfoodB.avegetableC.dangerousD.acertainkindofspinach

Everyoneknowswemustexerciseregularlytomaintaingoodhealth.IndeedstayingphysicallyfitisabigpartofourculturE.WeconsiderandrightlysothathealthypeopleareattractivepeoplE.Sincemostofuswanttobeattractivethereisnoshortageofexerciseclubstrainingvideosmagazinesandbooksofferingtohelpusstayphysicallyfit..Unfortunatelyhoweverourculturedoesnotplacethesameemphasis重视onmentalfitness.Althoughweadmireandlovemenandwomenwithstrongandhealthy-lookingbodieswedon’thavethesamedegreeofrespectorattractionforsmarteducatedandmentallyhealthypeoplE.Thisisashamebecausethereareimmenserewardsforpeoplewhohavedevelopedtheabilitytothinkwell.Ifyourmindiswelltrainedandflexible灵活的youwillbeabletounderstandagreatdealofwhathappensaroundyou.Andifyouarealsowelleducated---thatisifyouunderstandbasicsciencemathematicsmusicartliteraturehistoryandsoon---youwillfinditmucheasiertomakegooddecisionsthroughoutyourlifE.OverthelongrunthisleadstoasenseofcontroloveryourdestinyandamuchbetterlifethanotherwisE.Peoplewhoarepoorlyeducatedorwhodon'tthinkwell---thatispeoplewhoarenotmentallyfitseethingsdifferently.Theirworldiscontrolledbymysteriousbutoftenmalevolent有恶意的forces.SuchpeoplelivewithinasystemtheywillnevermasterforcedtofollowtherulestheywillneverunderstanD.Althoughitmaynotbeobviousmostpeoplespendtheirlivesbeingmanipulated控制byothers.Theyaretoldwhattodowhattothinkhowtospendtheirmoneyandwhattheyshouldandshouldnotaspire渴求toinlifE.Inmyopinionifyouwanttolivewellyoumustbeabletouseyourmindwel1.ForthisreasonIwantyoutobeabletoconcentratesolveproblemunderstandcomplexideasandthinkclearlyandquickly.Suchskillswillmakeiteasierforyoutomakeinformeddecisionsunderstandcurrenteventschoosegoodfriendsmanageyourmoneywellmakewiselong-termdecisionsandappreciatemusicartandliteraturE.Thekeytodevelopingsuchskillsistoenjoylearningandtohavetheabilityandmotivationtoteachyourself.60.Thewriterofthepassagefeelsdisappointedthat_____.A.somepeopledon’thavetheskilltomakegooddecisionsB.theworldofthephysicallyhealthypeopleiscontrolledbymysteriousforcesC.mentallyhealthypeoplearenotaspopularasphysicallyhealthypeopleD.toomuchhasbeendonetohelppeoplestayphysicallyfit61.Theunderlinedwordthisinparagraph3refersto______.A.theunderstandingofagreatdealofwhatgoesonaroundyouB.theunderstandingofbasicscienceandmathematicsC.goodtraininginbodyandmindD.beingabletomakegooddecisionsinlife62.Thewriterofthepassagethinksthatthosewhoarenotmentallyfit_____.A.liveapoorandmysteriouslifeB.can’tcontrolovertheirlifeC.oftendowhatothersdoD.enjoybeingfooledandruled63.Thebesttitleofthepassagewillmostprobablybe______.A.MindHelpsYouMoreB.TrainYourMindC.MakeInformedDecisionsD.LearnMoretoHelpYourself

河南省开封市2008届第四次模拟考试D.篇Ifyou'retrainingforamarathonaproperplanforwaterintake摄入isimportant.Ofcoursethere'stheriskofdehydration脱水.Butathletesnowknowtheycanalsogetintotroublebydrinkingtoomuch.Toomuchwaterintakecanlowerlevelsofsodium钠inthebloodThedeathofa28-year-oldwomanfollowingtheBostonMarathoncaughttheattentionofmanyrunnersandledtonewresearch.Expertsadviselongdistancerunnerstoreplacetheliquidstheysweatout.Theirgoalistotrytokeepsomeonefromnotgettingdehydratedbymorethan2percentoftheirbodyweight.Onetechniquefordecidinghowmuchwateryouneedistogettheexactnumbers.Runnershavetoweightthemselvesbeforeandafteraruntodeterminehowmuchwaterthey'velost.Iftheirweightdropsbymorethan2percenttheyhavenotdrunkenoughwater.Hypothermia体温过低occurswhenrunnersdrinksomuchwaterthatbloodsaltlevelsdropoff.A.studypublishedlastyeartested488runnerswhocompletedtheBostonMarathonandfound13percentofthemhaddangerouslylowbloodsaltlevels.Thefirstsignthatrunnersmaynoticeisslightlyswellinginthehands.Theycan’tgettheirringsoffandthentheymightfeelsick.TheymaynotrememberwheretheyarE.Infactmostrunnersgetenoughsalttogetbacktonormallevelsbyeatingjustonemealafterarun.Contrarytotheoldadvicethatrunnersshoulddrinkasmuchastheycantopreventdehydrationthenewresearchhasshownthatthebodyisaremarkablemachinethatactuallytellsyouyouneedwaterwhenyoufeelthirsty.68.Theauthorofthispassageisprimarilyconcernedwith________.A.thesignsandtreatmentfordehydrationB.thelongdistancerunnerswhoneedhelpC.howtomanagewaterintakeduringamarathonD.a284year-oldwomanwhodiedafteraBostonMarathon69.Whatconclusioncanwedrawfromthepassage?A.TakingmuchsaltduringaruncanavoidswellingontheheaD.B.Eithertoomuchortoolittleofwaterintakeisharmful.C.A.richmealishelpfultoourperformanceinarun.D.Weshouldtakeenoughsaltduringarun.70.Accordingthepassagewhichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrect?A.Toomuchwaterintakeisverynecessaryinalongrun.B.Toomuchwaterintakecanlowerbloodsaltlevels.C.Thirteenofthe488runnershaddangerouslylowbloodsaltlevels.D.Runnersshoulddrinaasmuchastheycantopreventdehydration.