Tips for developing an exercise plan for your brain You know that eating a sensible diet and getting plenty of exercise help your body healthy and strong. But did you know that there are ways to make your brain healthier and smarter? Studies show that when the brain is compelled to do something new, it creates new neural pathways（神经通路）. The more pathways you have, the faster you can think and the better memory you will havE. Ten steps toward a smarter brain Limit your TV time Watching an average TV show requires very little brain power and brings the same result as neglecting physical exercisE. Your brain will become weak just as your muscles do. If you watch TV, choose something educational and informativE. Travel Traveling to a new country forces you to see and do things in a new way, providing stimulation（刺激） to the brain. Learn a new language Acquiring a new language involves different learning methods. Learning a language sharpens your brain and helps prevent memory problems in later years. Master a new subject Each week, select an animal, a bird or a fish, and read everything you can about it. Stretch （最大限度利用）your brain as you become an expert on the subject. Use your non-dominant hand If you are right-handed, use your left hand for everyday activities, or use your right hand if you are left-handeD. Doing familiar things in a new way will cause your brain to create new neural networks. Read often As you read, take the time to look up people or places that aren’t familiar. Reading expands your vocabulary if you search for words and definitions that you don’t know. Do puzzles According to the Mayo Clinic, doing sudoku and crossword puzzles keeps the brain sharp into your senior years. Calculate while you shop As you put things in your grocery cart, total everything in your heaD. See how much close you get to the actual total. Play video games Studies have found that certain video games force you to use critical decision-making skills and can even improve students’ math scores. Tweet!（推特，类似中国的微信） Read messages from people who represent a wide range of interests. And some say that learning to express yourself in just 140 characters is a great brain challenge! So get in the habit of challenging your brain, and make yourself smarter! 56. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. Get in the habit of learning something new B. Develop an exercise plan C. Make Your Brain Smarter D. Tips to make yourself healthier 57. What does the underlined word “compelled” mean? A. requested B. allowed C. completed D. forced 58. What can we learn from the passage? A. Educational and informative TV shows are helpful to limit your TV timE. B. Doing sudoku and crossword puzzles may make you confuseD. C. Playing certain video games may help you sharpen your minD. D. Writing short messages often can also make you healthier .

Sandandwatergamesimprovethelevelofcreativityinkids.Showyourkidshowtomakeoutlinesandshapeswithsandmodelsinthesandwiththeirfingersorstuffssuchascombsorasmallplasticrake耙子.Putsomesandonaplatetouseindoorsandmakelearningtomarkoutlettersandnumbersaddedfun.Sandandwatergamesoractivitiesarethingsthatevenyoucandowithyourkidsthatcombineamusementknowledgecreativityandyoucanspendqualitytimewithyourchildrenaswell.56.Accordingtothetextsandandwatergames_________.A.arepopularwithmanykidsB.areplayedonlyonthebeachC.can’tbesharedwithparentsD.arewelcomedbymostparents57.Whycansandandwatergamesmaketeachingandlearningeasy?A.Becauseparentscaninstructthem.B.Becausekids’vocabularyisimproveD.C.Becausekidscanpredicttheanswers.D.Becausekidsarecuriousaboutthem.58.Accordingtothetextplayingsandandwatergames_________.A.canmakekidsamusedcreativeandsociableB.willchangethetraditionalwayofschoolingC.maypreventkidsfromcommunicatingwithothersD.maydoharmtokids’health59.What’sthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Toteachkidshowtoplaysandandwatergames.B.Totellparentsthebenefitsofkids’playingsandandwatergames.C.TopersuadeparentstoallowtheirkidstoplayoutsidE.D.Totellkidshowtoimprovevocabularyandcommunicationskills.

Anantifreeze防冻剂isaliquidthatisaddedtowatertokeepitfromfreezing.Whenwaterfreezesandturnstoiceitexpands.Theforceofwaterexpandingissogreatthatitwillbreakthehardestmetal.WaterisusedincarenginestokeepthemcoolwhiletheyrunandifthiswaterisallowedtofreezeinwinteritcanbreaktheironblockoftheenginE.Thatiswhyantifreezesarenecessary.Waterfreezesatthe0℃:theusualkindofantifreezewillnotfreezeuntilthetemperatureis40℃belowzero.A.mixtureof5partsofwaterand4partsofantifreezewillpreventfreezingat18℃belowzero;4partsofwaterand5partsofantifreezereducethisto22℃belowzero.Alcohol酒精isagoodantifreezebutwhenthecarisrunningitbecomeshotandthealcoholboilsawaysoitmustbereplacedveryoften.Mostpeopleuseantifreezesthatdonotboilawaywhentheengineisrunning.Thereareseveralchemicalsthatdothis.Oneofthemostpopulariscalledethyleneglycol乙二醇whichissoldundervarioustradenamessuchasPrestonandZerex.64.Antifreezesareusefulinthatthey_____.A.keepthealcoholfromboilingawayB.canpreventicefrommeltingC.keepwaterliquidincoldweatherD.canraisethefreezingpointofwater65.Thetextiswritten_____.A.tohelptosellantifreezesB.toexplainwhatantifreezesareC.tocompareethyleneglycolwithalcoholD.totellhowtochoosethebestantifreeze66.PrestonandZerexare_____.A.tradenamesoftwokindsofalcoholB.popularbrands商标ofcarenginesC.inventorsofethyleneglycolD.liquidsusedforcarengines

Fishesareexpectedtobereducedinsizebyupto24%becauseofglobalwarmingsayscientists.Scientistsbelievethatglobalwarminghasagreatereffectonmarineecosystems海洋生态系统thanpreviouslythought.Previousresearcheshavesuggestedthatincreasingoceantemperatureswouldaffectboththedistributionandthereproductiveabilitiesoffishes.NowscientistsbelievethatfishsizewouldalsobeheavilyaffecteD.Researchersbuiltamodeltoseehowfisheswouldreacttothelowerlevelofoxygeninwater.Oceantemperaturesincreaseandsodothebodytemperaturesoffishes.ButaccordingtotheleadingscientistDrWilliamCheungthelowerlevelofoxygeninwateristhekey.Warmerwaterscouldreducetheoceanoxygenlevelandgreatlyreducefishes’bodyweight.Ontheotherhandrisingtemperaturedirectlyincreasethemetabolic新陈代谢的rateoffishes’bodyfunction.Thisleadstoanincreaseinoxygendemandfornormalbodyactivities.SofisheswillrunoutofoxygenforgrowthatasmallerbodysizE.Theresearchgroupalsouseditsmodeltopredictfishes’movementsasaresultofwarmingwaters.Thegroupbelievesthatmostfishes’populationswillmovetowardstheEarth’spolesatarateofupto3.3kmperyear.Takingthesefactorsintoconsiderationtheresearchteamconcludesthatfishes’bodysizewillbereducedbybetween14%and24%withthelargestreductionintheIndianandAtlanticOceans.Whencomparedwiththeactualstudyoffishsizethemodelseemstomakealowerjudgmentofwhat’sactuallyhappeningintheseas.TheresearchersmadeactualstudiesonsomekindsoffisheslivingintheAtlanticOcean.TheyfoundthattherecordeddataonthesefishesshowedgreaterreductioninbodysizethanthemodelshadpredicteD.Scientistsbelievesmaller-sizedfishescouldseriouslyaffecttheabilityoffishestoreproduce繁殖.DrAlanBaudronfromtheUniversityofAberdeentheUKthinksthatsmallerfishesproducefewerandsmallereggsanditcouldaffectthereproductivepotentialoffishes.68.FromParagraph2wecanknowthat________.A.scientistshavemadetworesearchesontheinfluenceofglobalwarmingbynow.B.researcherssuggestthattheoceantemperatureisincreasingatahighratE.C.researchessuggestthatglobalwarmingwouldchangefishes’innerstructureD.scientistshaveknownthreeaspectsoftheinfluencethatglobalwarminghasonfishes69.Whichisthemostimportantfactorthatmakesfishessmaller?A.Higherbodytemperaturesoffishes.B.Loweroxygenlevelinwater.C.Slowerheartbeatsoffishes.D.Higherpressureinwater.70.Accordingtothegroupin30yearsmostfishpopulationswillmoveabout________.A.30kilometersB.60kilometersC.100kilometersD.200kilometers71.Whichofthefollowinginthebesttitleforthepassage?A.Climatechangemaymakefishessmaller.B.Globalwarminghasabadeffectonfishes.C.Globalwarmingaffectsthedistributionoffishes.D.ClimatechangemayaffecttheabilityoffishestoreproducE.

AreBaijiDolphinExtinct?DoestheYangtzeRiverstillhavebaijithegracefulgreydolphinwithtinyeyesandalongnarrowbeak?SinceNovember6ateamofscientistsfromChinaSwitzerlandtheUnitedKingdomtheUnitedStatesGermanyandJapanhavebeensearchingforanysignofthefreshwaterdolphinonthemiddleandlowersectionsoftheriver.Aftersixweekstheycamebackempty-handed.WangDingoftheChineseAcademyofScienceswhoistheheadoftheteamsaid.hehasseenasharpdeclineinthebaijipopulationoverthepastfewdecades.HoweverheisstillunwillingtocallthespeciesextinctandaddsWewilltryeveryefforttosavethemaslongastheyarenotfoundtobeextinct.Thebaijiisshyandnearlyblindandisoneoftheworld'soldest.'dolphinspecies.Itdatesbacksome20millionyearsandisfoundonlyintheYangtze.It'slistedasoneofthe12mostendangeredanimalspeciesintheworld.Around400baijiwerebelievedtobelivingintheYangtzeuntilthe1980s.A1997surveyspotted13.Twoyearslatertheirnumbersweredowntotwo.Therapiddisappearanceofthisdolphinoverthepasttwodecadescoincidedwith与同时therapidexpansionofeconomicdevelopmentalongtheriver.Researchonsomedeadbaijicollectedinrecentyearsshowedthatmorethan90percentofthedeathswerecausedbyhumanactivities.Onereasonisthatover-fishinghascutthedolphin'sfoodsources.Damsbuiltalongtheriverandneighboringwaterwayshavealsokeptthemfromswimmingintoandoutoftheirhabitats.Meanwhilewastedischarge排放hasseriouslypollutedtheriver.Andheavyrivertraffichasgreatlyreducedtheirlivingspace.Thedisappearanceofthebaijiwouldbethefirstinstanceofalargeaquaticmammal水生哺乳动物beingdriventoextinctionsincehuntingkilledoffthemonkseal僧海豹around1952.56.BajjidolphinusedtoliveinoftheYangtzeRiver.A.uppersectionsB.middlesectionsC.lowersectionsD.middleandlowersections57.Thefirstparagraphshowswriter's.A.loveofbaijiB.eagernesstowritethepassageC.angerfornothavingabaijiD.dissatisfactionwithourgovernment58.Whichofthefollowingcountriesdidn'tjointheactiontosearchforbaiji?A.England.B.America.C.Japan.D.India59.Howmanybaijidolphinswereleftbytheendoflastcentury?A.400B.13C.Atmost2D.260.Whichofthefollowingreasonsdoesn'tleadtotherapiddisappearanceofbaijidolphins?A.Over-fishing.B.HeavyRoadTraffic.C.Damsbuiltalongtheriver.D.Wastedischarge.

Theairbagisapieceofsafetyequipmentincars.ItwasfirstdesignedbyJohnW.Hetrickin1952.LikemanyinventionshecameupwiththeideaasaresultofaneventthathadoccurredinhislifE.Hesays:Inthespringof1952mywifemyseven-year-olddaughterJoanandIwereoutforaSundaydriveinour1948ChryslerWindsor.AboutthreemilesoutsideNewportwewerewatchingfordeerjumpingacrosstheroaD.Suddenlytherewasalargerockinourpath.Ihitthebrakesandwewentintoaditch壕沟.AsIappliedthebrakesbothmywifeandIthrewourhandsuptokeepourdaughterfromhittingthecar.Therewassoftmudintheditchsothecarwasn’tdamagedandnoonewashurt.DuringtheridehomeIcouldn’tstopthinkingabouttheaccident.Iaskedmyself‘Whycouldn’tsomeobjectcomeouttostopyoufromstrikingtheinsideofthecar?’AssoonasIgothomethatnightIdrewsomesketches草图.EacheveningforthefollowingtwoweeksI’daddorreducesomethingfromthesketches.HetrickappliedaneventhehadobservedwhileintheNavytothedesignoftheairbag.Hewasrepairingatorpedo鱼雷whichhadaclothcovering.Whenthecompressed压缩的airthatwasinthetorpedowasletoutthecoveringwassuddenlyfilledwithairandwasshottotheceiling.WiththisknowledgehedevelopedhisdesignuntilhewasabletoobtainapatentontheinventiononAugust51952.Theideawassimilartotheairbagdesignsoftoday.Compressedairisstoredinacontainerandwhenatrafficaccidentoccursandthecarslowsdownatarapidenoughratetheairwillbereleasedintotheairbag.TheideawasingeniousbutHetrick’sairbagneverwouldhavefunctionedproperly.ItwasreallyabreakthroughbutitwouldrequireyearsandyearsofdesigningandtestingbysometopcardesignersbeforeitcouldbeuseD.66.ThecaraccidentHetrickwasinvolvedin________.A.damagedhiscarB.happenedin1948C.wascausedbyadeerD.causednoharmtohisfamily67.Hetrick’sexperienceintheNavy________.A.turnedouttobedangerousB.washelpfultohisinventionC.involveddesigningtorpedoesD.inspiredhimtodesignanairbag68.Theunderlinedwordingeniousinthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto_______.A.creativeB.ridiculousC.crazyD.complex69.WhatdoweknowabouttheairbagHetrickdesigned?A.Itcameintouseinthe1950s.B.Itperformedperfectlyincaraccidents.C.Itpreparedthewayforairbagsnowadays.D.IttookHetrickabouttwomonthstodevelopit.70.Thetextismainlyabout____.A.thegreatinventorHetrickB.TheinventionofairbagsC.aterriblecaraccidentD.roadsafetyinthe1950s

Salesofelectricbicyclesore-bikesahotiteminconsumergreentechareexpectedtogrowbymorethan50%inNorthAmericaduring2013.ActorWilliamShatnerwhoisnostrangertofuturistictechrecentlypurchasedtwoe-bikesforhimandhiswifE.I’vebeenshoppingforane-bikenowforafewweeksandI’vehadmyeyeonthefoldingelectricbikE.I’vehadfoldingbikesinthepastandlovetheconvenienceofbeingabletothrowmybikeintomycar.Thee–bikemarketisreadytogomainstreamintheU.S.Thepricefore-bikeshascomedowngreatlyinrcccntmonths.AtonetimE.Moste-bikeswithgoodcomponentsandproperweightwereinthe＄3000rangE.Nowyoucanfindreasonablequalityc-bikesinthe＄1000rangE.Withgaspricesatall-timehighse-bikesareanattractivelow-costoptiontogasefficientvehicles.E.-bikeownersarefindingthattheyarcgreatforcommuting每犬往返toworkastraditionalbikescanbeaproblemwithofficedressandsweat.Peoplewhousee-bikesrangefromcommuterstocasualcyclerswholikealittlehelpwithhillsandwindtothosewhodecidedtosavemoneyon.buyingamotorbike.Thesearenotfortheseriousroadcyclerorprofessionalmountainbiker.Ifyou’reconsideringalle—bikeitpaystodosomeresearchfirst.Cheapere-bikesaregoingtobeheavierandhavelessbattery.power.Higherpricedbikeswillbemadefromlightermaterialsandhavebetterbatteries.Anotherconsiderationislocalmotorvehiclelaws.ForexampleaccordingtoUSfederallawaslongasyourelectricbikeisunder750wattsanddoesnotgoover20MPHthenitisabicycleandnotamotorvehicle.Mostconsumere—bikesinthe＄1000rangedon’tfitthemotorizedvehicledescription.66.ThewriterintroducesWilliamShatnerasanexampleinorderto_______________.A.showthatheiswildaboutthefuturetechnologyB.tellusthatheisanagentforthee—bikemarketC.tellusthatactorscareonlyconveniencenothepriceD.showthatc-bikesarereallybecomingpopularnow67.Whichofthefollowingmaynotcontributetothee-bike’sgoingmainstream?A.Thepricefore-bikeshas.comedowngreatly.B.E.-bikesaremuchcheapertousethangasvehicles.C.Thelocalmotorvehiclelawsalenotstrictenough.D.Somefoldinge-bikesareconvenienttoputintoacar.68.Accordingtothetexte—bikesarepracticalfor_______________.A.seriousroadcyclersB.couplesspendingaholidayC.peoplecommutingtoworkD.professionalmountainbikers69.Whichofthefollowingaboute—bikesistrue?A.Thecheapere-bikesareusuallymadeoflightermaterials.B.Mostc-bikesinthe＄l000rangeareabicyclenotamotorvehicle.C.Localmotorvehiclelawdoesn’thaveanylimittoe-bikes.D.E.-bikesinthe＄l000rangearetoocheaptohavebetterbatteries.70.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.E.—bikesalestoshiftintomainstreamin20l3B.E.-bikesthefuturewayoftransportationC.E.—bikesVsgasvehiclesD.E.—bikesactors’firstchoice

Scientistsknowofmorethan1000volcanoesonthesurfaceofVenusEarth’ssisterplanet.A.bigquestionhasbeen:Aretheystillactive?Thescientistssayyes.TheirevidenceforrecentvolcanicactivityonVenuscomesfromalava熔岩flowintheplanet’snorthernhemispherE.Theflowishotterthantherocksaroundwhichmeansthelavamightstillbecoolingoff.Theflowwestudiedseemstobeveryyoung---itisstillwarminsideNataliyaBondarenkosaiD.VenusisadifficultplanettostudyfromEarthbecauseitissurroundedbythickclouds.TelescopesonEarthcan’tseethroughthesecloudssothebestinformationaboutVenuscomesfromspacecraftorbitingit.BondarenkoandhercolleaguesstudiedthelavaflowusingdatafromNASA’sMagellanmission.ThatspacecraftspentfouryearsinorbitaroundVenusandusedradartomakeamapof98percentoftheplanet’ssurfacE.OnOctober11th1994themissionendedandthespacecraftplunged跌落throughVenus’heavycloudcoverandcrashedontotheplanetbelow.WhileinorbittheMagellancraftsentmicrowaveswhichcangothroughVenus’cloudstothesurfacE.Microwavesareinvisibleandcanbeaslongasthreefeet.Thesewavesareakindofenergylikelight.Andlikelighttheybounceoffsurfaces.ThewaythewavesbouncedofftheVenus’surfaceandbacktothecraftsuppliedinformationthatthescientistsusedtoestimatethetemperatureofvariouspartsoftheplanet’ssurfacE.Bondarenko’steamfoundthatthelavaflowwashotterthanitssurroundings---whichmaymeanthelavaflowisintheprocessofcooling.Thescientistssaythelavaflowcan’tbeveryoldbecauseifitwereitwouldhavecooledoffenoughthatMagellanwouldn’thavenoticedthedifferenceinmicrowaves.Sheaddsthattheflowappearsina1978viewofthesurfacethatacraftcalledthePioneerVenusOrbitercaptureD.54.WhathappenedtoMagellanintheend?A.Itwasfloatinginspaceforever.B.Itflewintoheavyclouds.C.ItreturnedtotheEarth.D.ItfellontoVenus.55.HowcouldBondarenkojudgethetemperatureoftheVenus?A.BylookingatitwithapowerfultelescopE.B.BymeasuringthethicknessofcloudsoverVenus.C.BycalculatingthemicrowavebouncingoffVenus’ssurfacE.D.ByorbitingVenusfor4yearsinaspacecraft.56.Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe______.A.WarmlavaonVenusB.MorevolcaniceruptionsonVenusC.VenusisjustlikeabigactivevolcanoD.LavaflowsarefirstfoundonVenus

DozensofdolphinsswamoutofthepollutedwatersofHaifaHarboronTuesday.ThiswasthefirsttimethatdolphinshadvisitedthiscrowdedMediterraneanportandresearchersweresurprisedanddelightedbytheunexpectedevent.Between40and50ofthedolphinsappearedinthebusyportonTuesdaymorningobviouslydrawnbythefish­richwatersofHaifaHarbor.Howeverthebayisalsofullofharmfulchemicals.AviadSheininprofessorofHaifaUniversity’sMaritimeStudiesDepartmentsaidhedidn’tthinkthedolphinswereharmedbythepollutionbuthehopedthattheywouldswimbacktotheseasoon.ItseemsthattheyarequiterelaxeD.Theydon’tseemtobestressedhesaiD.HaifaHarborislinedbychemicalcompaniesthathavebeenpouringpoisonouswasteintothewaterfordecades.Whilepollutionlevelshavedroppedinrecentyearsthewaterisstillconsideredahealthhazard.TherearelotsoffishinHaifaHarbor.Unfortunatelywecouldn’ttellthedolphinsthatthefisharenothealthyandIdon’tknowwhattheresultwillbehetoldIsraelArmyRadio.HundredsofHaifaresidentsgatheredaroundHaifaHarbortoseetheinterestingsightandresearcherssaidthisprovidedararechancetofilmandstudytherough­tootheddolphins.InadditiontothedozensofdolphinswhichswamintotheportonTuesdayasimilarnumberstayedoutsidethebreakwater防波堤.LaterTuesdaythedolphinslefttheportbutremainedneartheentranceandIsrael’scoastguardwaspatrolling巡逻theareatotrytomakesurethedolphinsdidn’tre­enterthepoisonouswaters.Relativelylittleisknownaboutrough­tootheddolphinswhichareusuallyfoundindeepandwarmtropicalwaters.64.AviadSheinin’swordssuggestthat________.A.thedolphinsmightaffecttheexistenceoffishesinHaifaportB.heiscuriousaboutthedolphinsC.hewilldoresearchonthedolphinsD.heisuncertainaboutwhatwillhappentothedolphins65.WhenlearningthedolphinsenteredHaifaporthundredsofHaifaresidents________.A.wereshockedB.feltupsetC.wenttodrivethemawayD.werecurious66.Thispassagemainlytellsusthat________.A.dolphinsarewellprotectedinIsraelB.peoplelovedolphinsC.dolphinsmadeasurprisevisittothepollutedharborD.HaifaHarborisfullofharmfulchemicals67.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinParagraph4mean?A.protectionB.riskC.regulationD..condition

Ourcathasasweetnatureandshecanletusknowwhatshewants.Whenwefailtomeetherneedsshegentlyleadsusintheproperdirection.WhenIforgettofillherwaterbowlearlyinthemorningsherunsaftermylegsandthenpushesmeinthedirectionofherbowl.Shedoesn’tgetirritated生气的;insteadsheexpressesherwishesinthebestway.AndIalwaysunderstandwhatsheistellingmE.OnedayIfoundmyselfenvying羡慕hersimpleexpression.HowmanytimeshadIexpectedmyhusbandormychildrentoknowmywantswithoutmyevergivingvoicetothem?HowmanytimeshadIbeendisappointedthattheycouldn’tunderstandwhenIneededahugacompliment恭维orachocolatebar?AfterapleasantafternoonwithmyhusbandIwantedtostopsomewhereniceandhavedinnerbuthedidn’tunderstandmyhints暗示.Couldn’tyouseethatIwantedtogoouttodinner?Icomplainedwhenhepulledintoourdriveway.Whydidn’tyousayso?Ican’treadyourmindheansweredinimpatiencE.Hiswordsgavemepause.HadIexpectedhimtoreadmymind?Whyhadn’tIexpressedmydesiremoreclearly?IrealizedIhadfallenintothefemaletrapofIfyoulovemeyoucanreadmyminD.NowIstatemyneedsclearlyanddirectly.Ilookatmycatandknowsheagrees.53.Whywastheauthordisappointedinherhusbandorherchildren?A.Herhusbanddidn’tgiveherahug.B.Herchildrendidn’tgiveherachocolatebar.C.Theydidn’tgiveheracompliment.D.Theydidn’tunderstandherminD.54.Whatwilltheauthordoifshewantssomethingfromherhusbandnow?A.Shewillgivehimherhints.B.Sheletshimguesswhatshewants.C.Shetellshimherneedsdirectly.D.Shebuyswhatshewantsherself.55.Whatcanwelearnfromtheunderlinedsentenceinthefourthparagraph?A.IrealizedwhatIdidwaswrong.B.Istoppedanddidn’tgowithmyhusbanD.C.Myhusbandpreventedmefromgoingon.D.Myhusbandstoppedmefromsayingsomething.

Foodsometimesgetspoisonedwithharmfulthings.A.personwhoeatssuchfoodcangetanillnesscalledfoodpoisoning.Foodpoisoningisusuallynotseriousbutsometypesaredeadly.ThesignsoffoodpoisoningusuallybeginwithinhoursofeatingthepoisonedfooD.Feverisoneofthemostcommonsigns.Certainmicroorganisms微生物causemosttypesoffoodpoisoning.Bacteriaandothermicroorganismscanpoisoneggsmeatvegetablesandmanyotherfoods.Afterenteringthebodythesetinylivingthingsrelease释放poisonsthatmakepeoplesick.Somechemicalscanalsocausefoodpoisoning.TheyareoftenaddedtofoodwhileitisbeinggrownprocessedorprepareD.Forexamplemanyfarmersspraychemicalsoncropstokillweedsandinsects.Somepeoplemayhaveabadreactiontothosechemicalswhentheyeatthecrops.SomeplantsandanimalscontainnaturalpoisonsthatareharmfultopeoplE.Theseincludecertainkindsofseafoodgrainsnutsseedsbeansandmushrooms.Whenpeoplehandlefoodproperlytheriskoffoodpoisoningisverysmall.Microorganismsmultiplyrapidlyindirtyplacesandinwarmtemperatures.Thismeansthatpeopleshouldnevertouchfoodwithdirtyhandsorputfoodonunwashedsurfaces.Foodshouldbekeptinarefrigeratortostopmicroorganismsfromgrowing.Meatneedstobecookedthoroughlytokillanydangerousmicroorganisms.Peopleshouldalsowashfoodcoveredwithchemicalsbeforeeatingit.FinallypeopleshouldnoteatwildmushroomsorotherfoodsthatgrowinthewilD.Someofthesefoodsmaycontainnaturalmaterialsthatarepoisonoustohumans.Inadditionsometypesoffishcanbepoisonous.Mostpeoplerecoverfromfoodpoisoningafterafewdaysofrestinganddrinkingextrawater.IfpeopleeatnaturalpoisonstheymustgotothehospitalrightawaytohavetheirstomachsemptieD.77.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Foodwhenpoisonedcanmakepeoplesick.B.Foodpoisoningmeansdeath.C.Foodpoisoningcomesinvarieties.D.Foodpoisoningcanbeserious.78.Weknowfromthepassagethatthesymptomsoffoodpoisoning.A.arealwaysaccompaniedbyafeverB.aretoocommontobenotedC.canbenoticedwithinhoursD.canheignored79.FoodpoisoningcanbecausedbyallthefollowingEXCEPT.A.somechemicalsB.lowtemperaturesC.sometinylivingthingsD.certainnaturalmaterials80.FromParagraph5wecanlearnthat.A.mushroomsshouldnotbeeatenB.vegetablesaresaferthanmeatandseafoodC.naturalpoisonsaremoredangerousthanchemicalsD.differenttypesoffoodshouldbehandleddifferently

WaystoDealwiththeProblemofEnergyTherearedifferentwaysinwhichpeopletrytodealwiththeproblemofenergy.Onewayisthegreaterproductionofcommonenergysourcessuchascoaloilandgas.ThetroublewiththesesourceshoweveristhattheyarenotrenewablE.Anotherwayisenergyconservation节能whichmeansusingenergymoreefficiently.Insomeverycoldcountriespeoplebuildspecialhousestosaveenergy.Theyplacematerialsbetweentheinsideandtheoutsideofthewallsofthehousetokeepthecoldoutandwarmthin.Thehouseisheatedbythelightsthebodyheatofthepeopleandtheotherequipmentinit.Finallyrenewableenergysourcesareusedeventhoughtheyareoftenexpensivetodevelop.Oneformoftheseisgeothermalenergy.Incertainpartsoftheworldthetemperatureoftheearthincreasesthirtydegreescentigratewitheachkilometerdown.Atsixkilometersthereforeitrisestonearly200degrees.TogettheheatwaterispumpeddownintotherocksandbackuptothesurfacE.Heatfromtheearthisalreadyusedincertaincountries.73.Thewritertellsaboutthespecialhousesbecausethey______.A.showtheexcellentskillsofthebuildersB.serveasanexampleoftheenergyconservationC.areheatedbydifferentsourcesofenergyD.arewarmerthanothertypesofenergy74.Theunderlanedwordsgeothermalenergyinthethirdparagraphmean____.A.renewablesourceB.undergroundsourceC.heatinsidetheearthD.temperatureoftheearth75.Ataplacewherethesurfacetemperatureis15degreescentigradehowdeepdoyouhavetodigsoastogetatemperatureof75degreescentigrade?A.Onekm.B.Twokm.C.Threekm.D.Fourkm.

InJuly1994Jupiterthelargestplanetinoursolarsystemwasstruckby21piecesofacomet彗星.Whenthefragment碎片landedinthesouthernpartofthegiantplanettheexplosionswerewatchedbyscientistshereonearth.Butwhatifourownplanetwashitbyacomet?Theyearis2094.IthasbeenannouncedthatacometisheadingtowardstheEarth.MostofitwillmissourplantbuttwofragmentswillprobablyhitthesouthernpartoftheEarth.ThenewshascausedpaniC.On17JulyafragmentfourkilometerswideenterstheEarth’satmospherewithahugeexplosion.AbouthalfofthefragmentisdestroyeD.ButthemajorpartsurvivesandhitstheSouthAtlanticat200timesthespeedofsounD.Theseaboilsandanenormouswaveiscreatedandspreads.ThewallofwaterrushestowardssouthernAfricaat800kilometersanhour.CitiesontheAfricancoastaretotallydestroyedandmillionsofpeoplearedrowneD.ThewavemovesintotheIndianOceanandheadstowardsAsiA.MillionsofpeoplearealreadydeadinthesouthernpartoftheEarthbutthenorthwon’tescapeforlong.Tonsofbrokenpiecesarethrownintotheatmospherebytheexplosions.Asthesunishiddenbycloudsofdusttemperaturesaroundtheworldfalltoalmostzero.CropsareruineD.WarsbreakoutascountriesfightforfooD.A.yearlatercivilizationhascollapseD.Nomorethan10millionpeoplehavesurviveD.Coulditreallyhappen?InfactithasalreadyhappenedmorethanonceinthehistoryoftheEarth.Thedinosaurs恐龙wereontheEarthforover160millionyears.Then65millionyearsagotheysuddenlydisappeareD.ManyscientistsbelievethattheEarthwashitbyaspacefragment.Thedinosaurscouldn’tsurviveinthecoldclimatethatfollowedandtheybecameextinct.Willwemeetthesameend?67.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEaccordingtotheauthor’sdescriptionofthedisasterin2094?A.ThewholeworldbecomesextremelycolD.B.AllthecoastalcitiesinAfricanaredestroyeD.C.Thewholemankindbecomesextinct.D.Thevisitofthecometresultsinwars.68.Whydoestheauthormentiondinosaursattheendofthepassage?A.BecausetheycouldonlyliveinthewarmclimatE.B.BecausetheyonceruledtheEarth.C.Becausetheirextinctionshowsfuturedisasters.D.BecausedinosaursandhumansneverliveinthesameagE.

DrivingacarisnotjusthandlingcontrolsandjudgingspeedanddistancE.ItrequiresyoutopredictwhatotherroaduserswilldoandgetreadytoreacttosomethingunexpectedWhenalcoholisconsumeditentersyourbloodstreamandactsasadepressant抑制药damagingeyesightjudgmentandco-ordination协调slowingdownreactiontimeandgreatlyincreasingtheriskofaccidents.EvenbelowthedrinkdrivinglinkdrivingwillbeaffecteD.Alcoholmaytakeafewminutestobeabsorbedintothebloodstreamandstartactiononthebrain.AbsorptionrateisincreasedwhendrinkingonanemptystomachorwhenconsumingdrinksmixedwithfruitjuicE.TogetridofalcoholfromthebodyisaveryslowprocessanditisnotpossibletospeeditupwithanymeasuresliketakingashowerorhavingacupofteaorcoffeE.ThepresentRoadTrafficOrdinancestatesclearlythatthelimitofalcoholconcentration浓度is:●50milligramsofalcoholper100mlofblood;or●22microgramsofalcoholper100mlofbreath;or●67milligramsofalcoholper100mlofurine尿液Driverswhocausetrafficaccidentsorwhocommitamovingtrafficoffence罪orarebeingsuspectedofdrinkdrivingwillbetesteD.AnydrivefounddrinkingbeyondthelimitwillbechargeD.ThedriverdeclaredguiltymaybefinedamaximumofHK﹩25000andbesentencedtoupto3yearsinprisonandpunishedfor10driving-offencepoints;ortemporarilybannedfromdriving.Thesamepunishmentappliestofailingtoprovidespecimens样本forbreathbloodorurinetestswithoutgoodexcusE.DrinkdrivingisacriminaloffencE.Bearesponsibledriverthinkbeforeyoudrink.Forthesafetyofyourselfandotherroadusersneverdriveafterconsumingalcohol.49.Thefirstparagraphismainlyabout_____________.A.theintroductionsofdrivingskillsB.thedamageofdrinkingtoyourbodyC.theeffectofdrinkingondrivingD.theprocessofalcoholbeingabsorbed50.Theunderlinedworditinthesecondparagraphrefersto________.A.alcoholB.absorptionC.bloodD.process51WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.DrinkingbelowthedrinkdrivinglimithasnoeffectondrivingB.AlcoholistakeninmorequicklywhendrunkwithfruitjuicE.C.Havingacupofteahelpstogetridofalcoholfromthebody.D.50milligramsofalcoholper100mlofbreathisbelowthedrinklimit52.A.driversuspectedofdrinkdriving_________.A.shouldprovidespecimensfortesting.B.willbeforbiddentodrivefor3yearsC.willbepunishedfor10driving-offencepointsD.shouldpayamaximumfineofHK＄25000

Honey蜂蜜fromtheAfricanforestisnotonlyakindofnaturalsugaritisalsodelicious.Mostpeopleandmanyanimalslikeeatingit.Howevertheonlywayforthemtogetthathoneyistofindawildbees'nest巢andtakethehoneyfromit.Oftenthesenestsarehighupintreesanditisdifficulttofindthem.InpartsofAfricathoughpeopleandanimalslookingforhoneyhaveastrangeandunexpectedhelper一alittlebirdcalledahoneyguidE.Thehoneyguidedoesnotdoesnotactuallylikehoneybutitdoeslikethewax蜂蜡inthebeehives蜂.Thelittlebirdcannotreachthiswaxwhichisdeepinsidethebee’snest.Sowhenitfindsasuitablenestitlooksforsomeonetohelpit.ThehoneyguidegivesaloudcrythatattractstheattentionofbothpassinganimalsandpeoplE.Onceithastheirattentionitfliesthroughtheforestwaitingfromtimetotimeforthecuriousanimalorpersonasitleadsthemtothenest.Whentheyfinallyarriveatthenestthefollowerreachesintogetatthedelicioushoneyasthebirdpatientlywaitsandwatches.SomeofthehoneyandthewaxalwaysfallstothegroundandthisiswhenthehoneyguidetakesitssharE.Scientistsdonotknowwhythehoneyguidelikeseatingthewaxbutitisverydeterminedinitseffortstogetit.Thebirdsseemtobeabletosmellwaxfromalongdistanceaway.Theywillquicklyarrivewheneverabeekeeperistakinghoneyfromhisbeehivesandwillevenenterchurcheswhenbeeswaxcandlesarebeinglit.59.Whyisitdifficulttofindawildbees'nest?A.It'ssmallinsizE.B.It'shiddenintrees.C.It'scoveredwithwax.D.It'shardtorecognizE.60.WhatdothewordsthefollowerinParagraph2referto?A.A.beE.B.A.birD.C.A.honeyseeker.D.A.beekeeper.61.Thehoneyguideisspecialintheway_·A.itgetsitsfoodB.itgoestochurchC.itsingsintheforestD.itreachesintobees'nests62.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WildBeesB.WaxandHoneyC.BeekeepinginAfricaD.Honey-Lover'sHelper

ThirteenvehicleslineduplastMarchtoraceacrosstheMojaveDesertseekingamillioninprizemoney.Towintheyhadtofinishthe142-mileraceinlessthan10hours.Teamsandwatchersknewtheremightbenowinneratallbecausethesevehiclesweremissingakeypart—drivers.DARPAtheDefenseAdvancedResearchProjectsAgencyorganizedtheraceaspartofapushtodeveloproboticvehiclesforfuturebattlefields.ButtheGrandChallengeasitwascalledjustprovedhowdifficultitistogetacartospeedacrossanunfamiliardesertwithouthumanguidancE.OnehaditsbrakelockupinthestartingareaAnotherbeganbythrowingitselfontoawall.Anothergottiedupbybushesneartheroadafter1.9miles.Oneturnedupsidedown.Onetookoffinentirelythewrongdirectionandhadtobedisabledbyremote远距离的consol.Onewentalittlemorethanamileandrushedintoafence;anothermanagedtogoforsixmilesbutstuckonarock.Thewinneriftherewasanyreached7.8milesbeforeitranintoalongnarrowholeandthefrontwheelscaughtonfirE.YougetalotofrespectfornaturalabilitiesofthelivingthingssaysReinholdBehringerwhohelpeddesigntwooftheear-sizevehiclesforacompanycalledSci-AutonicsEvenants蚂蚁candoallthesetaskseffortlessly.It’sveryhardforustoputtheseabilitiesintoourmachines.TheroboticvehiclesthoughwithnecessarymodernequipmentsuchasadvancedcomputersandGPSguidancehadtroublefiguringoutfastenoughtheblocksaheadthatatwo-year-oldhumanrecognizesimmediately.Surethatveryyoungchildwhohasjustonlylearnedtowalkmaynotthinktowipeapplejuiceoffherfacebutshealreadyknowsthatwhenthere’sacookieinthekitchenshehastoclimbupthetableandthatwhenshegetstothecookieitwilltastegooD.SheismoreadvancedevenmonthsoldthananymachinehumanshavedesigneD.68.DARPAorganizedtheraceinorderto______.A.raisemoneyforproducingmoreroboticvehiclesB.pushthedevelopmentofvehicleindustryC.trainmorepeopletodriveinthedesertD.improvethevehiclesforfuturewars69.Fromthepassageweknowroboticvehiclesareakindofmachinesthat______.A.candoeffortlesslywhatevertaskslivingthingscanB.cantakepartinaraceacross142mileswithatimelimitC.canshowofftheirabilitytoturnthemselvesupsidedownD.canmovefromplacetop1acewithoutbeingdrivenbyhumanbeings70.Intheracethegreatestdistanceoneroboticvehiclecoveredwas_____.A.abouteightmilesB.sixmilesC.almosttwomilesD.aboutonemile71.Inthelastparagraphthewriterimpliesthatthereisalongwaytogo____.A.foraroboticvehicletofinisha142-mileracewithoutanydifficultiesB.foralittlechildwhohasjustlearnedtowalktoreachthecookieonthetableC.foraroboticvehicletodealwithasimpleproblemthatalittlechildcansolveD.foralittlechildtounderstandtheimportanceofwipingapplejuiceoffitsface

OnanumberofdrivesthroughoutmychildhoodmymotherwouldsuddenlypulloverthecartoexamineaflowerbythesideoftheroadorrescueabeetlefromtragedywhileIinmylateteensandearlytwentiessatimpatientlyinthecar.ThoughMother’sDayfollowsEarthDayformetheyhavealwaysbeenrelatedtoeachother.Mymomhasbeengreensinceshebecameconcernedabouttheenvironment.Partofthishabitwasbornofthrift节俭.Likehermotherandhergrandmotherbeforehermomsavesglassjarsemptycheesecontainersandreusesherplasticbags.MomcreatesakindofharmoniousrelationshipwithwildlifeinheryarD.Sheknowstopicktheapplesonhertreesalittleearlytoavoidthebearsandthatifsheleavesthebirdfeeders给食器outatnightitislikelythattheywillbeknockeddownbyafamilyofraccoons浣熊.Spidersthatmaketheirwayintothehouseandarecaughtinjuiceglasseswillbesetlooseinthegarden.Itrytoteachmychildrenthatlookingoutfortheenvironmentstartswithbeingawareoftheenvironment.Onbusystreetswelookfordandelions蒲公英toflyinthewind;wesayhellotoneighborhoodcatsandpickupplasticcupsandpaperbags.ThisteachingcomeseasilyIrealizebecauseIwastaughtsowellbyexamplE.Momdidn’tneedtolecture;shedidn’tneedtobeatadrumtochangetheworlD.Shesimplysloweddownenoughtoenjoylivinginitandwiththatjoycamemercyandaninstinctforprotection.Iamslowingdownanditisn’tbecauseoftheweightofmynearlyfortyyearsontheplanetitisoutofmyconcernfortheplanetitself.I’vebeguntosaveglassjarsandreusepackingenvelopes.IpauseinmydailytaskstowatchthesquirrelsraceeachotherinthetreesabovemyhousE.LastsummerinthecompanyofmysonanddaughterIplantedtomatoesinmyyarD.WiththeheatofAugustaroundmeIatethefirstwhilesittingonmylowwallwithdirtonmyhands.WarmfromthesunitburstonmytonguewithasweetnessIimmediatelywantedtosharewithmymom.51.WhydoestheauthorsayEarthDayisconnectedwithMother’sDay?A.BecauseMother’sDayalwaysfallsshortlyafterEarthDay.B.Tostressthatallthewomeninherfamilyareenvironmentalists.C.Tostresshowmuchhermothercaresabouttheenvironment.D.BecausehermothershowsherconcerntonatureonMother’sDay.52.WhichofthefollowingisNOTrelatedtoMom’sgreenlife?A.Rescuingabeetlefromacertaintragedy.B.Savingglassjarsemptycheesecontainers.C.SettingacaughtspiderfreeinthegardenD.Pickingdandelionsonbusystreets.53.Wecaninferfromthearticlethat______.A.theauthorrealizesthatsheshouldteachherchildrenbyexampleaswellB.theauthor’smotherknowshowtogetridofthewildlifeinheryardC.theauthorbelievesthatonlybylearningtoslowdowncanweenjoylifeD.theauthor’smotherusedtolecturehertoprotecttheenvironment.54.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraph?A.Tomatoesmaketheauthorthinkofhermother.B.Theauthorlikeseatingtomatoesplantedbyherself.C.Plantingtomatoesisawayofprotectingenvironment.D.Theauthorreallyappreciateshermother’steaching.

DoyouwanttovisitWarwickCastleinBritain?Warwickisafriendlyandamemorableexperiencewithsomethingforallages.Easilyaccessiblebycarbustraincyclingoronfootitissurroundedbyhistoricbuildingsandnumerousattractions.TicketPrices&OffersLookatouronlineoffersWarwick-CastlE.comistheonlyplacetopurchasetheUltimateCastleandTheCastleDungeonTicketatthebestpricE.Onlinebookingsmustbemade24hoursbeforeyouvisit.PleasenotethatAdmissiontoTheCastleDungeonisNOTincludedwithStandardonlineoronthedaytickets.TherearelimitedDungeonticketsavailableandonlyfromWarwick-CastlE.com.PleasebookinadvancetoguaranteeyourCastleDungeonexperiencE.OneDayTicketsBookingonlineisthebestwaytogetyourticketsforBritain’sUltimateCastlE.Save20%andskiptheticketqueuewhenyouarrive—itcouldn’tbeeasier!Ifyou’renotsurewhenyouwanttovisitthendon’tworry—youcanstillbookaFlexiTicket—valid有效的foranydaythatthecastleisopenduring2012.OneDayTicketsexcludingtheCastleDungeonTicketTypesOnthedayOnlinePriceAdult￡19.95￡14.36Child4~6yearsold￡11.95￡9.56Seniormorethan60yearsold￡13.95￡11.16Student￡12.95￡10.36DisabledChild￡5.00￡4.0TheUltimateFamilyTicket2adults+2children￡55.00￡47.00Buyticketsonlinenow!ImportantnotesonticketingPleasenotethatifyouwishtovisittheCastleusinganon-the-daypromotionalvoucher票券yourDungeonexperiencecanbeprebookedbycalling08704422375.A.￡1.50feeappliestoallbookingsmadeonlineandviatelephone—onefeeperbooking.Childrenmustbeaccompaniedbyanadult.Groupratesareavailableforgroupsofmorethan10people.Groupticketscanbebookedbycalling08704422371oronlinE.Onlinebookingsmustbemade24hoursbeforeyouvisit.36.IfyouhopetovisitCastleDungeonyoushould________.A.buytheticketinpersonB.dial08704422371C.booktheticketfromWarwick-Castle.comD.bookthetickettwodaysinadvance37.Whatistheadvantageofbookingticketsonline?A.Youdon’thavetowaitinqueuE.B.Youcansave￡20intotal.C.TheticketincludestheCastleDungeon.D.TheticketisavailableatanytimE.38.Inordertobuygrouptickets________.A.youshoulddial08704422375B.bookingscanbemadebyemailsC.thereshouldbeatleast20peopleD.youshoulddial0870442237139.IfyouwanttobooktheUltimateFamilyTicketonlineyoushouldpay_______.A.￡55.00B.￡48.50C.￡47.00D.￡37.6040.Thetextprobablyistakenfrom_______.A.anewspaperB.amagazineC.ageographybookD.awebsite

TheInternationalSpaceStationoneofthemostambitiousspaceprojectseverandakeylaunchingboardforexplorationofthesolarsystemturnsl0yearsoldThursday.OnNov.201998thefirstpartofthespacestationwaslaunchedbytheRussiansfromKazakhstan.NASAfolloweduptwoweekslaterwithPieceNo2carriedupbyaspaceshuttle.Thespacestationhasgrownintoagiantoutpost前哨355kmuphometothreepeopleatanygiventime—soontobesix.ThankstothenewlyarrivedshuttleEndeavourthespacestationnowhasfivesleepstationstwobathstwokitchensandtwomini—gyms.Ahogethertherearenineroomsthreeofwhicharefullscalelabs.TheUnitedStateshasfinancedthemainpartoftheprojectestimatedtocostsome100billiondollars.FifteenothercountrieshavealsocontributedincludingRussiaJapanCanadaBrazilantielevennationsbelongingtotheEuropeanSpaceAgency.’Fhespacestationhastraveled2.1billionkmorbitedEarthmorethan57300timeshosted167peoplefrom15countriesandservedupmorethanl9000mealsTheISSisthelargesteverexpenmeniininternationaltechnologicalcooperation’’saidJohnLogsdonahistorianattheNationalAirandSpaceMuseuminUS.1thinkit’sanecessarysteppingstonetolong—termhumanactivitiesinnewAreasofoperationsLogsdonsaid.Thestationisofftheplanetandit’sthefirstStepoutward—notallendinitselfbutastepalongtheway.’’64.Thepassageismainlyabout.A.theconstructionoftheInternationalSpaceStation.B.thehistoryoftheInternationalSpaceStation.C.thetenthanniversaryoftheInternationalSpaceStation.D.theeountriesthathelpestablishtheInternationalSpaceStation.65.PieceNo2oftheISSwasputintoorbitoilA.Nov.61998B.Nov.241998C.Dee.81998D.Dec.9199866.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutEndeavouraccordingtothepassage?A.Endeavourisanewlybuiltshuttle.B.EndeavourispartofthespacestationC.Endeavourdidn’tgetclosetothespacestation.D.Endeavourcarriedalotofequipmentfortheapacestation.67.WhichofthefollowingcountryhasnotmadeacontributiontotheeonstructionoftheInternationalspacestationaccordingtothepassage?A.USA.B.Japan.C.Korea.D.Spain.

Ifyouwanttostayyoungsitdownandhaveagoodthink.ThisistheresearchfindingofateamofJapanesedoctorswhosaythatmostofourbrainsarenotgettingenoughexercise—andasaresultweareageingunnecessarilysoon.ProfessorTaijuMatsuzawawantedtofindoutwhyotherwisehealthyfarmersinnorthernJapanappearedtobelosingtheirabilitytothinkandreasonatarelativelyearlyageandhowtheprocessofageingcouldbesloweddown.WithateamofcolleaguesatTokyoNationalUniversityhesetaboutmeasuringbrainvolumesofathousandpeopleofdifferentagesandvaryingoccupations.Computertechnologyenabledtheresearcherstoobtainprecisemeasurementsofthevolumeofthefrontandsidesectionsofthebrainwhichrelatetointellect智能andemotionanddeterminethehumancharacter.Therearsectionofthebrainwhichcontrolsfunctionslikeeatingandbreathingdoesnotcontractwithageandonecancontinuelivingwithoutintellectualoremotionalfaculties.Contractionoffrontandsideparts—ascellsdieoff—wasobservedIsomesubjectsintheirthirtiesbutitwasstillnotevidentinsomesixty-andseventy-year-olds.Matsuzawaconcludedfromhisteststhatthereisasimpleremedytothecontractionnormallyassociatedwithage—usingtheheaD.Thefindingsshowingeneraltermsthatcontractionofthebrainbeginssoonerinpeopleinthecountrythaninthetowns.ThoseleastatrisksaysMatsuzawaarelawyersfollowedbyuniversityprofessorsanddoctors.Whitecollarworkersdoingroutineworkingovernmentofficesarehoweveraslikelytohaveshrinkingbrainsasthefarmworkerbusdriverandshopassistant.Matsuzawa’sfindingsshowthatthinkingcanpreventthebrainfromshrinking.BloodmustcirculateproperlyintheheadtosupplythefreshoxygenthebraincellsneeD.ThebestwaytomaintaingoodbloodcirculationisthroughusingthebrainhesaysThinkhardandengageinconversation.Don’trelyonpocketcalculators.36.Theteamofdoctorswantedtofindout________.A.whycertainpeopleagesoonerthanothersB.howtomakepeoplelivelongerC.thesizeofcertainpeople’sbrainsD.whichpeoplearemostintelligent37.Onwhataretheirresearchfindingsbased?A.A.surveyoffarmersinnorthernJapan.B.TestsperformedonathousandoldpeoplE.C.ThestudyofbrainvolumesofdifferentpeopleD.Thelatestdevelopmentofcomputertechnology.38.Thedoctor’stestshowthat________.A.ourbrainsshrinkaswegrowolderB.thefrontsectionofthebraindoesnotshrinkC.sixty-year-oldshavethebetterbrainsthanthirty-year-oldsD.somepeople’sbrainshavecontractedmorethanotherpeople’s.39.ThewordsubjectsinParagraph5means________.A.somethingtobeconsideredB.branchesofknowledgestudiedC.personschosentobestudiedinanexperimentD.anymemberofastateexceptthesupremeruler.40.Accordingtothepassagewhichpeopleseemtoageslowerthantheothers?A.Lawyers.B.Farmers.C.Clerks.D.Shopassistants.

A.volcaniceruptioninIcelandhassentashacrossnorthernEuropE.AirlineshavestoppedorchangedtheflightsacrosstheAtlanticOceanleavinghundredsofpassengersstuckinairports.GrimsvotnisoneofthelargestandmostactivevolcanoesinEuropE.WhatmakesGrimsvotndifferentisthatitliesunderahugeglacier冰川oficeupto12metersthick.Thehotvolcanoheatsuptheiceaboveitwhichthenformsalayer层ofwaterbetweentheglacierandthevolcano.ThislayerofwaterputspressureonthevolcanokeepingitstablE.Asthewaterflowsoutfromundertheglacierthepressurelifts.ThelavafromthevolcanothencomesuptothesurfacE.Thisisexactlywhathappenedtoday.Nowairlineshavetomakechangestotheirflightssoasnottoflythroughthecloudsofvolcanicash.AccordingtoKLMoneofEurope’sbiggestairlinesairplanescannotgounderthecloudoroverit.Goingthroughthecloudcanresultinashgettingstuckintheairplane’senginescausingdamagetotheplanE.TheeruptionhasalsocausedproblemsforanimalsinIcelanD.Thevolcanoleftashandsharpglass-likerocksalloverthecountrysidE.Farmersarekeepingtheiranimalsinsidetostopthemfromeatingash-coveredgrassorthesharpobject.41.WhatmakesGrimsvotndifferentfromothervolcanoes?A.ItisbelowicE.B.ItliesundertheseA.C.Itisthelargestvolcano.D.Itslavaaffectstheairlines.42.WhatkeepsGrimsvotnstill?A.Theslowflowofwater.B.ThelowwatertemperaturE.C.Thethickglacier.D.ThewaterpressurE.43.Whichofthefollowingistheresultofthevolcaniceruption?A.PeoplestoptravelinginEuropE.B.Airlinessufferfromthelossofplanes.C.ItbecomesdangerousforanimalstoeatoutsidE.D.Farmershavelostmanyoftheiranimals.44.Thistextismostprobablytakenfrom________.A.aresearchpaperB.anewspaperreportC.aclasspresentationD.ageographytextbook

BecauseplantscannotmoveortalkmostpeoplebelievethattheyhavenofeelingsandthattheycannotreceivesignalsfromoutsidE.HoweverthismaynotbecompletelytruE.Peoplewhostudiedplantshavefoundoutthatplantscarryasmallelectricalcharge电荷.Itispossibletomeasurethischargewithasmallpieceofequipmentcalledgalvanometer.Thegalvanometerisplacedonaleafoftheplantanditrecordsanychangesintheelectricalfieldoftheleaf.HumanshaveasimilarfieldwhichcanchangewhenweareshockedorfrighteneD.AmancalledBacksterusedagalvanometerforhisstudiesofplantsandwasverysurprisedathisresults.Hefoundthatifhehadtwoormoreplantsinaroomandhebegantodestroyoneofthem－perhapsbypullingoffitsleavesorbypullingitoutofitspot－thenthegalvanometerontheleavesoftheotherplantsshowedachangeintheelectricalfielD.Itseemedasiftheplantsweresignallingafeelingofshock.ThishappenednotonlywhenBacksterstartedtodestroyplantsbutalsowhenhedestroyedotherlivingthingssuchasinsects昆虫.Backstersaidthattheplantsalsoknewifsomeonehaddestroyedalivingthingsomedistanceawaybecausetheysignalledwhenamanwhohadjustcutdownatreeenteredtheroom.AnotherscientistnamedSauvinachievedsimilarresultstoBackster’s.Hekeptgalvanometersfixedtohisplantsallthetimeandcheckedregularlytoseewhattheplantsweredoing.Ifhewasoutoftheofficehetelephonedtofindoutaboutthesignalstheplantsweresending.Inthiswayhefoundthattheplantsweresendingoutsignalsattheexacttimeswhenhefeltstrongpleasureorpain.InfactSauvincouldcauseachangeintheelectricalfieldofhisplantsoveradistanceofafewmilessimplybythinkingaboutthem.66.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthegalvanometerisNOTtrue?A.Itistomeasurethesmallelectricalchargeofplants.B.Itisoftenplacedonaleafofplants.C.Itistorecordthechangeintheelectricalfieldoftheleaf.D.Itisrarelyusedinscientificstudies.67.Backsterwassurprisedattheresultsofhisstudiesbecause_____.A.hedestroyedaninsectB.hedestroyedaplantbypullingoffitsleavesC.hefoundthatplantscouldexpressfeelingsofshockD.hefoundthatplantscouldmoveandspeakafterall68.Theplantssentoutsignals_____.A.onlywhenBacksterStartedtodestroyplantsB.whenBacksterdestroyedplantsorotherlivingthingsC.onlywhenhedestroyedthingssuchasinsectsD.onlywhenBacksterplacedthegalvanometerontheleavesoftheplants69.ThescientistcalledSauvin_____.A.didnotagreewithBackster’sideasB.didnotgetthesamesortofresultsasBacksterdidC.gotdifferentresultsfromBackster’sD.foundoutsomeofthesamethingsthatBacksterdid70.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Theelectricalchargeplantscarrymayshockorfrightenus.B.A.treewillsignalwhenithasbeencutdown.C.Sauvincouldmakehisplantssendoutsignalssomedistanceaway.D.Plantshavenofeelingsbecausetheycannotreceivesignals.

Dogsandmillionaireshavealotincommon.Theyareabsoluteopportunistsespeciallywhenitcomestorewards.Theydefendtheirterritory地盘.Andingeneraltheydon’tlikecats.Perhapsthatexplainsanewsurveyshowingthatmillionairesarefarmoredog-friendlythantherestofAmericans.AccordingtoastudybySpectremGroup58%ofmillionairepetownershaveadog.Only37%ownacat.Only3%keepfish2%birdsand2%haveahorsE.Similarly39%ofU.S.householdsownadogcomparedto33%ofhouseholdsowningacatreleasedbytheHumaneSocietyJenniferConaatrustandestatesattorney信托和资产律师andpartnerwithGenserSubowGenser&ConainNewYorkdoesalotofworkonpettrusts.Shesaidofallthepettrustsshe’sworkedon90%arefordogsandonly10%areforcats.Shesaiddogsprovideonethingespeciallyimportantforthewealthy:unconditionallovE.Youdon’tgetthatfromacatshesaidDogsarelikechildrenforsomefamiliesexceptthattheydon’tmessupincollegeorrunoffwithmoney.Sometimesit’seasytoseewhydogsarethefavoritechilD.Millionairesshowtheirlovefortheirdogsinpartbytheirspending.Onequarterofmillionairepetownersspendmorethan$1000ayearontheirpetseveryyeartheSpectremstudysaidwhilemorethanhalfspendmorethan$500ayear.Manywouldsaythosenumbersareunderstatedgivenallthediamond-dogcollarsdogfoodsandboomingdogspasinevidencethesedaysnottomentionthemedicalbills.Thesurveyshowed34%ofpetownersspendmoneyondecoratingwhileonly6%spendonsweatersoutfitsandcostumes.Morethanhalfofmillionairepetownersspendmoneyonteethcleaningfortheirpets.Morethan16%meanwhilesaidtheywouldspendmoneyonreconstructivesurgeriesandanti-anxietyanti-depressionmedicationfortheirpets.72.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.MillionaireslikedogsmorethanotherAmericans.B.KeepingdogsaspetsisquitepopularamongAmericans.C.Petdogshelprelievetheirowners’anxietyanddepression.D.Millionairesspendmuchmoneyonteethcleaningfortheirpets.73.FromthesurveybySpectremGroupwecanlearn___________.A.aboutonethirdofAmericanhouseholdsownacatB.morethanhalfofmillionairepetownershaveadogC.millionairepetownersspend$1000ontheirpetsdailyD.34%ofpetownersspendmoneyondogclothing74.What’sthemainreasonwhymillionairesshowgreatlovefortheirdogs?A.Theycanaffordthehighexpensetoraisepetdogs.B.PetdogshavenevermadeamessofthingsarounD.C.Millionairesfeelmoresecureincompanyofdogs.D.Petdogsshowunconditionallovefortheirowners.75.WhatdoesJenniferConaprobablythinkofmillionairesowningpetdogs?A.Ridiculous.B.AcceptablE.C.NegativE.D.Indifferent.

High-techmachineshavemadelifeeasierformillionsaroundtheworlD.Howeversomepeoplestillpreferlow-techwaysofdoingthings.Here’sanexampleofwhythisishappening.Youcanmicrowaveafrozenhamburgerin60seconds.Howeveritwon’ttasteasgoodasoneyoucookonthestovE.Andifyou’reinthatmuchofahurryyouprobablywon’ttaketimetotoastthebun.High-techcookingsavestimebutitdoesn’tmakeforbetter-tastingmeals.Mostpeoplegettheirnewsfromhigh-techsourcesliketelevisionortheInternet.Thishasmanyadvantages.Forexampleelectronicnewsismoreuptodatethannewspapersormagazines.It’salsomoreexcitingtoseeliveandvideotapednewseventsthanphotographs.Howevernewspapersandmagazineshavesomeimportantadvantages.Theygivemorebackgroundanddetails.Theyalsoletyoureadthepartsthatareimportanttoyouandskiptherest.Otherhigh-techtimesavershavesimilardisadvantages.Forexamplesmostpeopleusethephoneore-mailtostayintouchwithfriendsandfamilymemberswholiveinotherplaces.ButwhenyouusetheInternetorthephoneyoudon’talwaysthinkcarefullyaboutwhatyouaresayingandsometimesyouforgettheimportantthingsyouwanttocommunicatE.Similarlywhenyouword-processahomeworkassignmentinsteadofhandwritingityoucancheckyourspellingelectronicallyandputinfancyheadings.Howeversomestudentsaresobusywiththecomputerthattheydon’tpayenoughattentiontotheactualwordstheyarewriting.68.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Thewriterlikeshigh-techcooking.B.Low-techcookingproducesbetter-tastingmeals.C.High-technewsprogramsalwayskeepyoureadingwhatisimportanttoyou.D.Handwrittenhomeworkisbetterthanword-processedhomework.69.Howdoesthewriterfeelabouthigh-techtool?A.Betterlatethannever.B.Easycomeeasygo.C.Everycoinhastwosides.D.Learntowalkbeforeyourun.70.Whatisthemainsubjectdiscussedinthetext?A.High-techvs.low-tech.B.Advantagesvs.disadvantages.C.Newspapersandmagazinesvs.televisionandtheInternet.D.Word-processingvs.handwriting.

Europe’sdeadlyoutbreakofarareformofE.colibacteria大肠杆菌hasbroughtnewattentiontofoodsafetyissues.Oneoftheproblemswhenpeoplegetsickfromfoodisthatthesimplestquestionisoftendifficultorevenimpossibletoanswer.Justwhatdidthepeopleeatthatmadethemsick?Ofcourseonewaytoavoidthesemedicalmysteriesistokeepdangerousorganismsoutofthefoodsupply.Thisiseasiersaidthandonebutscientistskeeplookingfornewways.ScientistsintheUnitedStateshavedevelopedanexperimentalsystemthatusesahigh-techopticalscanner.Thesystemisdesignedtoidentifythepresenceofcontaminants致污物likesoiloranimalwasteonfreshproducE.ThesecanbesourcesofE.coli.E.colibacterianaturallyliveintheintestines肠ofhumansandmanyanimals.MostkindsofE.coliareharmlessbutsomecanmakepeoplesick.Thenewscannercanalsoshowdamageandimperfectionsthatmightmaketheproduceunappealingtoshoppers.ScientistsdesignedthesystemataDepartmentofAgricultureresearchcenterinBeltsvilleMarylanD.MoonKimoftheAgriculturalResearchServiceledtheteam.MOONKIM:WewererequestedwewereaskedtodevelopamethodtodetectcontaminationinproducE.SowestartedwiththeappleasthemodelsamplE.Thescannerusesahigh-speedcameraplacedovertheconveyerbeltthatmovestheproducealong.Astheapplesmovealongthebeltthescannercapturesimagesofeachpieceoffruit.MoonKimsaystheteamhopesthesystemwillbeavailablebeforelong.MOONKIM:Wearetargetingfordevelopmentincommercialplantsforthenextseveralyears.Thescannercandirectasortingmachinetoseparatethebadapplesfromthegoodones.Thesystemiscurrentlyabletoshowthesurfaceofonlyhalftheappleasitspeedsby.TheinventershopetoimprovetheprocesssoitcanshowthewholesurfacE.57.Whatisthemaintopicofthetext?A.BacteriA.B.A.high-techscanner.C.A.cameraD.Foodsafety.58.E.colibacteria______.A.brokeoutallovertheworldB.comesfromsoiloranimalwasteC.isextremelyharmfultohealthD.doesnotcauseillness59.Thehigh-techscanner______.A.canhelptosortoutdifferentfruitsB.maketheproduceappealtoshoppersC.canonlycaptureimagesofthewholeappleD.canidentifythepresenceofcontaminants60.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.ThescannerneedstobeimproveD.B.Thescannerwillbeavailableinthenextseveralyears.C.MoonKimisunwillingtodevelopthescanner.D.ThescannerisconnectedtoasortingmachinE.

Decision-makingunderStressAnewreviewbasedonaresearchshowsthatacutestressaffectsthewaythebrainconsiderstheadvantagesanddisadvantagescausingittofocusonpleasureandignorethepossiblenegative负面的consequencesofadecision.Theresearchsuggeststhatstressmaychangethewaypeoplemakechoicesinpredictableways.StressaffectshowpeoplelearnsaysProfessorMaraMather.Peoplelearnbetteraboutpositivethannegativeoutcomesunderstress.Forexampletworecentstudieslookedathowpeoplelearnedtoconnectimages影像witheitherrewardsorpunishments.Inoneexperimentsomeoftheparticipantswerefirststressedbyhavingtogiveaspeechanddodifficultmathproblemsinfrontofanaudience;intheothersomewerestressedbyhavingtokeeptheirhandsinicewater.Inbothcasesthestressedparticipantsrememberedtherewardedmaterialmoreaccuratelyandthepunishedmateriallessaccuratelythanthosewhohadn’tgonethroughthestress.Thisphenomenonislikelynotsurprisingtoanyonewhohastriedtoresisteatingcookiesorsmokingacigarettewhileunderstress–atthosemomentsonlythepleasureassociatedwithsuchactivitiescomestominD.Butthefindingsfurthersuggestthatstressmaybringaboutadoubleeffect.NotonlyarerewardingexperiencesrememberedbetterbutnegativeconsequencesarealsoeasilyrecalleD.Theresearchalsofoundthatstressappearstoaffectdecision-makingdifferentlyinmenandwomen.Whilebothmenandwomentendtofocusonrewardsandlessonconsequencesunderstresstheirresponsestoriskturnouttobedifferent.Menwhohadbeenstressedbythecold-watertasktendedtotakemorerisksintheexperimentwhilewomenrespondedintheoppositeway.Instressfulsituationsinwhichrisk-takingcanpayoffbigmenmaytendtodobetterwhencautionweighsmorehoweverwomenwillwin.Thistendencytoslowdownandbecomemorecautiouswhendecisionsareriskymightalsohelpexplainwhywomenarelesslikelytobecomeaddictedthanmen:theymaymoreoftenavoidmakingtheriskychoicesthateventuallyhardenintoaddiction.69.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatpeopleunderpressuretendto______.A.keeprewardsbetterintheirmemoryB.recallconsequencesmoreeffortlesslyC.makeriskydecisionsmorefrequentlyD.learnasubjectmoreeffectively70.Accordingtotheresearchstressaffectspeoplemostprobablyintheir______.A.waysofmakingchoicesB.preferenceforpleasureC.toleranceofpunishmentsD.responsestosuggestions71.Theresearchhasprovedthatinastressfulsituation______.A.womenfinditeasiertofallintocertainhabitsB.menhaveagreatertendencytoslowdownC.womenfocusmoreonoutcomesD.menaremorelikelytotakerisks

ForgetfamousgoalcelebrationsuchasTheRobotbyPeterCrouchandTheDivebyJuergenKlinsmannherecomestheSouthAfricanDiskidance.TheDiskidancewhichisperformedthroughheadingandkickinganimaginaryballmaybeagoalcelebrationtowatchinthefollowingmatches.SouthAfrica’sSiphiweTshabalalaandhisteammatesperformedthisdifferentdancewhentheycelebratedhisgoalagainstMexicointheopeningWorldCupgameonFriday.ThedanceisalreadypopularonYouTubeandmanysoccerfansmaywanttolearnthemoves.EvenSouthAfrica’sPresidentJacobZumahaslearnttheDiskidancewhichcouldbebetterthanCameroonRogerMilla’scornerflagdancecelebrationinthe1990FIFAWorldCup.USactorJohnTravoltaperformedthedanceshortlyafterlandinghisBoeing707atLanseriaairportnorthofJohannesburgonWednesdaymorning.Goalcelebrationsarenowpartofthebiggestsportingeventandplayersplantheminadvancejustincasetheyfindthebackofthenet.Infootballagoalcelebrationisthepracticeofcelebratingthescoringofagoal.Thecelebrationmaybeperformedbythegoal-scorerhisorherteammatesthemanagerorcoachesandthesupportersoftheteam.TheRobotgoalcelebrationwassopopularthatEnglandfansweresurprisedwhenCrouchanEnglishinternationalfootballersaidthathewouldn’tbedoingitanymoreunlessEnglandwontheWorldCup.ThewordDiskiisthewordusedbythelocalpeopleforsoccerandmayalsodescribethelocalstyleoffootballwhichfocusesondribbling带球andothertricks.63.BesidesDiskidancehowmanytypesofgoalcelebrationsarementionedinthepassage?A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.64.TheunderlinedpartfindthebackofthenetinParagraph4means.A.scoreagoalB.winthematchC.takearestD.takepartinamatch65.WhatdowelearnaboutthewordDiski?A.Ithasbecomethemostpopularsportswordintheworldnow.B.Itwasusedtoshowhowpeopleweregoodatdribbling.C.Itwasusedtodescribeafootballwhichwasimaginedbyfootballers.D.ItwasprobablymainlyusedinSouthAfricabeforetheSouthAfricaWorldCup.66.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Allthefootballersshouldhavetheirowngoalcelebrations.B.Goalcelebrationsplayanimportantroleinfootballgames.C.FamousgoalcelebrationsallappearedintheWorldCupgames.D.Footballersoftendon’tplantheirgoalcelebrationsaheadoftimE.

Doyouknowwhydifferentanimalsorpestshavetheirspecialcolors?Theircolorsinthemseemtobeusedmainlytoprotectthemselves.Somebirdslikeeatinglocusts蝗虫butbirdscannoteasilycatchthem.Why?Itisbecauselocustschangetheircolorstogetherwiththechangeofthecolorsofcrops庄稼.Whencropsaregreenlocustslookgreen.ButastheharvesttimecomeslocustschangetothesamebrowncolorascropshavE.Someotherpestswithdifferentcolorsfromplantsareeasilyfoundandeatenbyothers.Sotheyhavetohidethemselvesforlivesandappearonlyatnight.Ifyoustudytheanimallifeyou’llfindthemainuseofcoloringistoprotecttheanimalsthemselves.Bearslionsandotheranimalsmovequietlythroughforests.Theycannotbeeasilyseenbyhunters.Thisisbecausetheyhavethecolorsmuchlikethetrees’.Haveyouevernoticedanevenstrangeract?A.kindoffishintheseacansendoutakindofveryblackliquid液体whenitfacesdanger.Whiletheliquidspreadsover散开itsenemiescannotfindit.Anditimmediatelyswimsaway.Soithasliveduptonowthoughitisnotstrongatall.61.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthatlocusts________.A.aresmallanimalsB.areeasilyfoundbybirdsC.aredangeroustotheirenemiesD.changetheircolorstoprotectthemselves62.Howcanpestswithdifferentcolorsfromplantskeepthemselvesoutofdanger?A.Theyrunawayquickly.B.Theyhavethecolorsmuchliketheirenemies’.C.Theyhidethemselvesbythedayandappearatnight.D.Theyhavetomovequietly.63.Bearsandlionscankeepsafebecause_________.A.theyhavethecolorsmuchlikethetreesB.theymovequietlyC.theylikebrownandgraycolorsD.theyliveinforests64.Whycanthekindoffishliveuptonow?A.Becauseitisverystrong.B.Becausetheliquiditsendsoutcanhelpitescapefromitsenemies.C.Becausetheliquiditsendsoutcankillitsenemies.D.Becauseitswimsfasterthananyotherfish.65.Whichisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.TheChangeofColorsforAnimalsandPestsB.ColorsofDifferentAnimalsandPestsC.TheMainUseofColorsforAnimalsandPestsD.SomeAnimalsandPests

Itisdifficulttoimaginewhatlifewouldbelikewithoutmemory.Themeaningsofthousandsofwordsthebasesforthedecisionswemakeandtherootsofourhabitsandskillsaretobefoundinourpastexperienceswhicharebroughtintothepresentbymemory.MemorycanbeconsideredastheabilitytokeepinformationavailableforlaterusE.Itincludesnotonlyrememberingthingslikemathsorhistoricalfactsbutalsoinvolves包括anychangeinthewayananimalacts.MemoryisinvolvedwhenaratgivesupeatinggrainbecausehehassmeltsomethingdifferentinthegrainpilE.Memoryisalsoinvolvedwhenasix-year-oldchildlearnstoswingabaseballbat.Memoryexistsnotonlyinhumansandanimalsbutalsoinsomephysicalobjectsandmachines.ComputersforexamplecontainequipmentforstoringdataforlaterusE.Itisinterestingtocomparethememory-storageabilityofacomputerwiththatofahumanbeing.Theinstant-accessmemory快速记忆teenagerprobablyrecognizesthemeaningsofabout100000wordsofEnglish.Howeverthisisonlyapieceoftotalamountofinformationwhichtheteenagerhas.Forexampletheteenagercanrecognizealargenumberoffacesandplaces.Theuseofwordsisthebasisoftheadvancedproblem-solvingintelligenceofhumanbeings.Alargepartofaperson’smemoryisintermsofwordsandcombinations组合ofwords.66.Accordingtothepassagememoryisconsideredtobe.A.thebasisfordecisionmakingB.anabilitytostoreinformationforfutureuseC.anabilityownedonlybyhumanbeingsD.thedatamainlymadeupofwords67.FromParagraph3wecanknowthat.A.thecomputer’smemoryhasalittlebiggerabilitythanateenager’sB.thecomputer’smemoryabilityisthesameasateenager’sC.thecomputer’smemoryabilityismuchsmallereventhanateenager’sD.thecomputer’smemoryabilityisassmallasateenager’s68.Thewholepassageimplies暗示that.A.onlyhumanbeingcansolveproblemsB.aperson’smemoryisdifferentfromacomputer’sineverywayC.animalscanonlysolveverysimpleproblemsD.animalssolveproblemsbyintelligence69.Inpeople’smemory________playthemostimportantpartinsolvingproblems.A.languageB.skillsC.experiencesD.habits70.Themainideaofthispassageis.A.lifewillnotchangewithoutmemoryB.memoryisofgreatimportancetolifeC.howaperson’smemoryisdifferentfromacomputer’sD.whatiscontainedinmemory

Therapidgrowthofcitiesworldwideoverthenexttwodecadeswillcausesignificantriskstopeopleandtheglobalenvironmentaccordingtoanalysis.ResearchesfromYaleandStanfordpredictthatby2030urbanareaswillexpandby590000squaremiles—nearlythesizeofMongolia—tomeettheneedsof1.47billionmorepeoplelivinginurbanareas.ItislikelythatthesecitiesaregoingtobedevelopedinplacesthatarethemostbiologicallydiversesaidKarenSetoafamousscientistatYaleUniversity.Theyaregoingtobegrowingandexpandingintoforestsbiologicalhotspotssavannas热带稀缺大草原coastlines—sensitiveandvulnerableplaces.Urbanareastheyfoundhavebeenexpandingmorerapidlyalongcoasts.OfalltheplacesforcitiestogrowcoastsarethemostsensitivE.PeopleandbuildingsalongthecoastareatriskoffloodingandotherenvironmentaldisasterssaidSeto.ThestudyprovidesthefirstestimateofhowfasturbanareasgloballyaregrowingandhowfasttheymaygrowinthefuturE.WeknowalotaboutglobalpatternsofurbanpopulationgrowthbutweknowsignificantlylessabouthowurbanareasarechangingshesaiD.Changesinlandcoverassociatedwithurbanizationleadtomanyenvironmentalchangesfromhabitatslossandagriculturallandconversion转化tochangesinlocalandregionalclimatE.Theresearchersexaminedstudiesthatusedsatellitedatatomapurbangrowthandfoundthatfrom1970to2000theworld’surbanfootprinthadgrownbyatleast22400squaremiles—halfthesizeofOhio.ThisnumberisnumerousbutinactualityurbanlandexpansionhasbeenfargreaterthanwhatouranalysisshowsbecauseweonlylookedatthepublishedstudiesthatusedsatellitedatasaidSeto.Wefoundthat48ofthemostpopulatedurbanareashavebeenstudiedusingsatellitedatawithfindingsinjournals.Thismeansthatwe’renottrackingthephysicalexpansionofmorethanhalfoftheworld’slargestcities.HalfofurbanlandexpansioninChinaisdrivenbyarisingmiddleclasswhereasthesizeofcitiesinIndiaandAfricaisdrivenprimarilybypopulationgrowth.RisingincomestranslateintorisingdemandforbiggerhomesandmorelandforurbandevelopmentwhichhasagreateffectonbiodiversityconservationslossofcarbonsinksandenergyusE.51.Accordingtothepassagethemostdangerousplaceforcityexpansionisthe_____.A.forestB.desertC.savannasD.coastline52.TheunderlinedwordvulnerableinParA.3probablymeans____.A.diverseinplantsB.beautifulinsceneryC.easilydamagedD.veryproductive53.FromParA.5wecaninferthat____.A.urbanizationisagoodwaytoimprovepeople’sstandardsoflivingB.citiesdevelopveryfastandmoreandmorepeoplecometoliveincitiesC.moreandmoreagriculturalfarmlandsareusedtomakeroomforlocalanimalsD.inthepastresearchersfocusedtheirattentionontheexpandingurbanareas54.CitiesinAfricabecomebiggerandbiggermainlybecauseoftheir____.A.growingpopulationB.risingmiddleclassC.uniquelivingpatternsD.economicdevelopment

SnowfallsintheEarth’sextremeNorthandSouththroughouttheyear.Howevertheheaviestsnowfallshavebeenreportedinthemountainsofotherareasduringwinter.SnowisevenknowntofallneartheEquator赤道butonlyonthehighestmountains.Snowcontainsmuchlesswaterthanrainbutmuchofthewatertheworldusescomesfromsnow.Meltingsnowprovideswaterforriverselectricpowerstationsandagriculturalcrops.InthewesternUnitedStatesmountainsnowprovidesuptoseventy-fivepercentofallsurfacewatersupplies.Snowfallhelpstoprotectplantsandsomewildanimalsfromwinterweather.Freshsnowismadelargelyofairtrappedamongthesnowcrystals晶体.BecausetheairhastroublemovingthemovementofheatislimiteD.Snowalsoinfluencesthemovementofsoundwaves.Thesurfaceofthesnowtakesinorabsorbssoundwaves.Assnowgrowsolderoriftherehavebeenstrongwindsitcanbecomehardandflat.Thenthesnowssurfacewillhelptosendbacksoundwaves.Snowmaybebeautifulbutitcanbedeadly.ItisresponsibleforthedeathsofhundredsofpeoplE.Manypeopledieintrafficaccidentsonroadscoveredwithsnowandiceorfrombeingseriouslystuckinthewinterstorm.OthersdiefromheartattackscausedbytoomuchphysicalactivityoutinthecolD.Peoplemaynotbeabletoavoidlivinginareaswhereitsnowsoften.Howevertheycanavoidbecomingvictimsofsnowstorms.PeopleshouldstopdrivingandstayathomeuntilthestormhaspasseD.PeoplelivingintheseareasshouldcarryemergencysuppliesintheirvehiclE.Theseincludefoodemergencymedicalsuppliesandextraclothingtostaywarmanddry.72.Mountainsnowfall_____.A.isheavierthanthatintheSouthandtheNorthPolesB.hasneveroccurredneartheEquatoroftheearthC.bringslessofthewatertheworldusesthanraindoesD.providesuptoseventy—fivepercentofwatersuppliesworldwide73.Snowprotectsplantsandwildanimalsfromcoldweatherby_____.A.supplyingmuchmoreairB.limitingheatmovementC.absorbingstrongwindsD.sendingbacksoundwaves74.Snowcanbedeadlymainlybecauseitcan_____.A.causeroadaccidentsB.makepeoplestuckinwinterstormsC.leadtoheartattacksD.makepeoplevictimsofsnowstorms75.Whatwillthetextprobablytellusfollowingthelastparagraph?_.A.HowtodriveduringsnowstormsB.WherewecangetemergencysuppliesC.HowtopreventheartattacksoutincoldD.Whyweshouldstaywarmanddryinwinter

Themostwidespreadfallacy谬论ofallisthatcoldsarecausedbycolD.Theyarenot.Theyarecausedbyvirusespassingonfrompersontoperson.YoucatchacoldbycomingintocontactdirectlyorindirectlywithsomeonewhoalreadyhasonE.IfcoldcausescoldsitwouldbereasonabletoexpecttheEskimostosufferfromthemforever.Buttheydonot.Andinisolatedarcticregionsexplorershavereportedpeoplearefreefromcoldsuntiltheycomeintocontactagainwithinfectedpeoplefromtheoutsideworldbywayofpackagesandmailsdroppedfromairplanes.DuringtheFirstWorldWarsoldierswhospentlongperiodsinthetrenches战壕coldandwetshowednoincreasedtendencytocatchcolds.IntheSecondWorldWarprisonersattheAuschwitzconcentrationcampnakedandstarvingwereastonishedtofindthattheyseldomhadcolds.AttheCommonColdResearchUnitinEnglandvolunteerstookpartinexperimentsinwhichtheygavethemselvestothediscomfortsofbeingcoldandwetforlongstretchesoftimE.Aftertakinghotbathstheyputonbathingsuitsallowedthemselvestobewithcoldwaterandthenstoodaboutdrippingwetinadrafty通风良好的room.Someworewetsocksalldaywhileothersexercisedintherainuntilclosetoexhaustion.NotoneofthevolunteerscamedownwithacoldunlessacoldviruswasactuallydroppedinhisnosE.IfthencoldandwethavenothingtodowithcatchingcoldswhyaretheymorefrequentinthewinterDespitethemostpains-takingresearchnoonehasyetfoundtheanswer.Oneexplanationofferedbyscientistsisthatpeopletendtostaytogetherindoorsmoreincoldweatherthanatothertimesandthismakesiteasierforcoldvirusestobepassedon.31.Thewriteroffered_______examplestosupporthisargument.A.4B.5C.6D.732.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.TheEskimossufferfromcoldsfromtimetotimE.B.ColdsarenotalwayscausedbycolD.C.Peoplesufferfromcoldsjustbecausetheyliketostayindoors.D.A.personmaycatchacoldbytouchingsomeonewhoalreadyhasonE.33.Arcticexplorersmaycatchcoldswhentheyare_______.A.workingintheisolatedarcticregionsB.writingreportsinterriblycoldweatherC.freefromworkintheisolatedarcticregionsD.comingintotouchagainwiththeoutsideworld34.VolunteerstakingpartintheexperimentsintheCommonColdResearchUnit_______.A.sufferedalotB.nevercaughtcoldsC.oftencaughtcoldsD.becameverystrong35.Thepassagemainlydiscusses_______.A.theexperimentsonthecommoncoldB.thefallacyaboutthecommoncoldC.thereasonandthewaypeoplecatchcoldsD.thecontinuedspreadofcommoncolds

Somescientistssaythatanimalsintheoceanareincreasinglythreatenedbynoisepollutioncausedbyhumanbeings.Thenoisethataffectsseacreaturescomesfromanumberofhumanactivities.Itiscausedmainlybyindustrialunderwaterexplosionsoceandrillingandshipengines.Suchnoisesareaddedtonaturalsounds.Thesesoundsincludethebreakingoficefieldsunderwaterearthquakesandsoundsmadebyanimalsthemselves.Decibels分贝measuredinwateraredifferentfromthosemeasuredonlanD.A.noiseofonehundredandtwentydecibelsonlandcausespaintohumanears.Inwateradecibellevelofonehundredandninety­fivewouldhavethesameeffect.Somescientistshaveproposedsettinganoiselimitofonehundredandtwentydecibelsinoceans.Theyhaveobservedthatnoisesatthatlevelcanfrightenandconfusewhales.AteamofAmericanandCanadianscientistsdiscoveredthatloudnoisescanseriouslyinjuresomeanimals.Theresearchteamfoundthatpowerfulunderwaterexplosionswerecausingwhalesintheareatolosetheirhearing.Thisseriouslyaffectedthewhales'abilitytoexchangeinformationandfindtheirway.SomeofthewhalesevendieD.Theexplosionshadcausedtheirearstobleedandbecomeinfected感染.Manyresearcherswhoseworkdependsonoceansoundsobjecttoalimitofonehundredandtwentydecibels.Theysaysuchalimitwouldmeananendtoimportantindustrialandscientificresearch.Scientistsdonotknowhowmuchandwhatkindsofnoisesareharmfultooceananimals.HowevermanyscientistssuspectthatnoiseisagreaterdangerthantheybelieveD.Theywanttopreventnoisesfromharmingcreaturesintheocean.45.Accordingtopassagewhichofthefollowingisincreasinglydangeroustoseacreatures?A.Theman­madenoises.B.Thenoisesmadebythemselves.C.Thesoundofearthquakes.D.Thesoundoftheice­breaking.46.Whichofthefollowingisdiscussedinthesecondparagraph?A.Differentplaceswithdifferenttypesofnoises.B.Theveryhumanearssensitivetoalltypesofnoises.C.Thedecibelsmeasureddifferentlyonlandandintheocean.D.Theoceananimals'reactiontonoises.47.Wecanknowfromthepassagethatmanyscientiststhinkthatthenoiselimitofonehundredtwentydecibelswould________.A.preventthemfromdoingtheirresearchworkB.benefitthemalotintheirresearchworkC.dogoodtotheirhealthD.increasetheindustrialoutput48.Accordingtothepassagewhatwillscientistsmostprobablydointhefuture?A.TheywilltrytheirbesttodecreasenoisE.B.Theywillworkhardtocutdownnoisepollution.C.Theywillstudytheeffectofdifferentnoises.D.Theywillprotectanimalsfromharmfulnoises.

Plantsareveryimportantlivingthings.Lifecouldnotgooniftherewerenoplants.Thisisbecauseplantscanmakefoodfromairwaterandsunlight.Animalsandmancannotmakefoodfromairwaterandsunlight.Animalsgettheirfoodbyeatingplantsandotheranimals.ThereforeanimalsandmanneedplantsinordertolivE.Thisiswhywefindthattherearesomanyplantsaroundus.Ifyoulookcarefullyattheplantsaroundyouyouwillfindthattherearetwokindsofplants:floweringplantsandnon-floweringplants.Floweringplantscanmakeseeds.Theseedsareprotectedbythefruits.Somefruitshaveoneseedsomehavetwothreeorfourandsomehavemanyseeds.Butafewfruitshavenoseedsatall.Anexampleofafruitwithoutseedsisthebananafruit.Mostnon-floweringplantsdonotgrowfromseeds.Theygrowfromspores胚芽.Sporesareverysmall.Somesporesaresosmallandlightthattheycanfloatintheair.Wemaysaythatsporesarequitethesameasseeds.Whenthesesporesareallonwetandshadyplacestheyusuallygrowintonewplants.39.Themainideaofthefirstparagraphisthat______.A.plantsareimportantforlifeB.plantscannotgrowwithoutairC.therearemanyplantsintheworldD.wecannotlivewithoutwater40.Whatcanweinfer推断fromthepassage?A.OfalllivingthingsanimalsaremostimportantB.SporesareseedsC.AllfruitsoffloweringplantshaveseedsD.Withoutplantsmanwilldieout41.Thispassagemaybetakenfrom______.A.amedicinebookB.anovelC.asciencemagazineD.anexperimentreport42.Theunderlinedwordprotectedinthethirdparagraphcanbereplacedby______.A.damagedB.pollutedC.preventedD.guarded

DNPisadangerouschemicalthat’sbeenlinkedto63deathsyetitisavailableonlineasaslimmingpill.It’susedintheproductionofpesticides杀虫剂chemicaldyesandwoodpreservatives.ButonmanywebsitesinAustraliait’ssoldasafat-burnerandasaneasywaytoloseweightwithoutdieting.Thechemicalisbeingusedindietpillsthatpromisetospeedupthebody’smetabolism新陈代谢andremovefat.Buttherapidweightlosscancomeatahighcost.MostrecentlyDNPslimmingpillswerelinkedtodeathof23-year-oldBritishmedicalstudentSarahHoustonwhodiedaftertakingpillscontainingDNPthatshehadorderedontheinternet.ThenightbeforeshediedHoustontoldherroommatesthatshefelthothereyesyellowedandherbreathingbecamedifficult.Thefollowingdayshewasfounddeadinherroom.HerparentsGeoffandGinaHoustonsaytheyhopetheirdaughter’sdeathwillbeawarningtoanyonewhowantstobuyDNPortoseeitasaquickwayforweightloss.AtthesuggestionofoneofthepoliceofficersIwentonGoogleandlookedupDNPGinasays.WhatIcameupwithwasalistofhorriblesymptomsandsideeffectsandit’sthesideeffectsthatkilledSarah.AstudyonDNPpublishedlastyearlinkedthechemicalto62deathsaroundtheworlD.TheFoodStandardsAgencyintheUKhasgivenawarningabouttherisksofDNPdescribingthedrugasextremelydangeroustohumanhealth.DNPworksbyincreasingthebody’sratetoburnenergyandfatbutthiscanleadtosymptomsincludingsicknessvomitingdizzinessrapidorheavybreathingheadachesandanirregularheartbeat.IntheworstcasesDNPcanleadtodeath.Peoplemaybelievethatbecausetheycanorderweight-lossproductsontheinternetandhavethemsenttoBritainthenthoseproductsmustbesafeandapproveD.ThisisclearlynottrueinthecaseofDNP.67.SomepeoplenowbuyDNPontheinternetto________.A.killothersB.preservefoodC.loseweightD.buildupbodies68.AccordingtothepassagethechemicalDNPis________.A.agoodwaytoloseweightwithoutdietingB.reallyveryharmfultoourbodiesC.onlyallowedtosellontheinternetD.afat-burnerwithoutsideeffects69.Fromthepassagewecaninfer________.A.DNPworkswellinlosingweightbutithasterriblesideeffectsB.Sarah’sparentsthinkSarah’sdeathhasnothingtodowithDNPC.thepoliceofficershasarrestedmanypeoplesellingDNPD.it’sillegaltobuyweight-lossproductsontheinternet70.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.DNPHasLedtoManyDeaths.B.DNPIsaDangerousChemical.C.DNPShouldn’tBeBoughtontheInternet.D.DNPHasTerribleSideEffect.

Catsarecreaturesofhabit.TheyliketogotosleepaboutthesametimeeverydayandforacertainlengthoftimE.Theyseemtohaveanaturalclockinsidethemthattellsthemwhentosleep.Catsincreasetheirregularsleepwithoccasionalcatnaps打盹.Someexpertsfeelthathumanscouldalsobenefitfromthishabit.Catnapshelptobuildupenergyinthebody.Theyarealsoagoodwaytogetridoftrouble!Sincecatshavethesamemoods情绪ashumanssomeexpertsbelievethatpeoplecanimprovetheirmoods.Peoplemightbecomehappier.A.numberoffamouspeoplehavecopiedcatsbytakingcatnapsduringtheday.Thenapswouldusuallylastfrom15to30minutes.WinstonChurchilltookcatnaps.SodidPresidentsHarryTrumanJohnF.KennedyandLyndonB.Johnson.Thesefamousmenwereknownfortheirenergy.Theywerealsoabletoworklonghoursoftenintothenight.Nappingwastheirsecret.73.Fromthisselectionweknowthatcats________.A.donothaveregularsleepB.haveoccasionalsleepaswellasnapseverydayC.takenapstoaddtotheirregularsleepD.takenapswhentheyarenothappy74.Takingcatnaps________.A.willmakeapersonlazyandtriedB.isabadhabitC.willmakepeoplefeelbetterD.canhelppeopletobecomefamous75.Napsusuallylast________.A.threehoursB.lessthanhalfanhourC.forty-fiveminutesD.fifty-fiveminutes76.Thisselectionwasprobablywrittento________.A.showhowlazycatsareB.talkaboutthehabitsofcatsC.tellaboutfamouspeopleandtheirhabitsD.persuadepeopletotakenaps

TheNationalGalleryDescription:TheNationalGalleryistheBritishnationalartmuseumbuiltonthenorthsideofEuropeanartrangingfrom13th-centuryreligiouspaintingstomoremodernonesbyRenoirandVanGogh.TheoldercollectionsofthegalleryarereachedthroughthemainentrancewhilethemoremodernworksintheEastWingaremosteasilyreachedfromTrafalgarSquarebyagroundfloorentranceLayout:ThemodernSainsburyWingonthewesternsideofthebuildinghouses13th-to15th-centurypaintingsandartistsincludeDuccioUccelloVanEyckLippiMantegnaBotticelliandMemling.ThemainWestWinghouses16th-centurypaintingsandartistsincludeLeonardodaVinciCranachMichelangeloRaphaelBruegelBronzinoTitanandVeronest.TheNorthWinghouses17th-centurypaintingsandartistsincludeCaravaggioRubensPoussinVanDyckVelazquezClaudeandVermeer.TheEastWinghouses18th-toearly20th-centurypaintingsandartistsincludeCanalettoGoyaTurnerConstableRenoirandVanGoghOpeningHours:TheGalleryisopeneverydayfrom10amto6pmFridays10anmto9pmandisfreebutchargesapplytosomespecialexhibitions.GettingThere:Nearestundergroundstations:CharingCross2-minutewalk.LeicesterSquare3-minutewalkEmbankment7-minutewalkandPiccadillyCircus8-minutewalk.68.Inwhichcentury’scollectioncanyouseereligiouspaintings?A.The13thB.The17thC.The18thD.The20th69.WhereareLeonardodaVinci’sworksshown?A.IntheEastWing.B.InthemainWestWing.C.IntheSainsburyWing.D.IntheNorthWing.70.WhichundergroundstationisclosesttotheNationalGallery?A.PiccadillyCircus.B.LeicesterSquarE.C.Embankment.D.CharingCross.

Noonecanchangetheweather.Nobodycancontroltheweather.ButifwereadcorrectlythesignsarounduswecantellwhatthemoreimportantchangesintheweatherwillbE.Thiswayoftellingwhattheweatherwillbelikeonthefollowingdayortwoiscalledweatherforecasting天气预报.Formanycenturiesandinallcountriespeoplehavestudiedtheweatherandtriedtomakeweatherforecasting.Ringsaroundthesunareasignofcomingrain.Thatmanypeoplefeeltheirjoints关节hurtisasignofwetweather.Somebirdsflyhighiffineweatheriscomingbuttheyflynearthegroundifrainyorstormyweatherisontheway.IfyouseearainbowduringrainyweatherthisisasignthattheweatherwillbecomeclearandfinE.Suchrainbowscomeintheevening.IfthestarstwinkleclearlyatnightthenfineweatherwillcontinuE.Ifafogappearsinthemorningjustaboveariverthenthedaywillbewarm.IfthesunsetismostlyredincolourthenthefollowingdaywillbefinE.IfarainbowappearsinthemorningrainyweatherwillprobablycomE.Mostoftheabovesayingshavebeenmadebythepeoplewhohaveusedtheireyesandbrainstomakeweatherforecasting.61.Whichistrueaboutweatherforecasting?A.WeatherforecastingisawayoftellingwhattheweatherwillbelikE.B.Weatherforecastingisareportabouttheweather.C.Weatherforecastingisasignofcomingrain.D.Peoplecanchangetheweatherforecasting.62.Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedheretoreplace取代theunderlinedphraseontheway?A.away.B.gonE.C.coming.D.disappearing.63.Whenyouseethestarstwinkleclearlyatnighttheweatherwillbe_______.A.clearandfineB.warmC.rainyD.cold64.Whichofthefollowingsignscantelltheweatherwillprobablyberainy?A.Somebirdsflyhigh.B.A.rainbowappearsinthemorning.C.Thesunsetismostlyredincolour.D.Fogsappearinthemorningjustaboveariver.65.Wemust__________tomakeweatherforecasting.A.useoureyesandbrainsB.studytheweatherhardC.readcorrectlythesignsD.Alloftheabove

AnAfrican—bornBritishscientistreceivedanenvironmentresearchprizeforshowinghowbeescanbeusedtoreduceconflictbetweenpeopleandelephants.LucyKing’sworkprovedthatbeehive峰房fencescankeepelephantsoutofAfricanfarmers’fields.Theanimalsarescaredofbeeswhichcanbitetheminsidetheirlongnosesandfleewhentheyhearbuzzing蜂鸣声.DrKing'sworkoffersanintelligentsolutiontoanage—oldchallengewhileprovidingfurtherconfirmationoftheimportanceofbeestopeopleandareallycleverwayofpreservingtheworld'slargestlandanimalforcurrentandfuturegenerations.WorkinginKenyaDrKingandherteamshowedthatmorethan90%ofelephantswillfleewhentheyhearthesoundsofbuzzingbees.Afterwardstheyalsofoundthatelephantsproduceaspecialsoundtowarntheirfellowsofthedanger.Theyusedthefindingstoconstructbarrierswherebeehivesarewovenintoafencekeepingtheelephantsawayfromplaceswherepeopleliveandgrowfood.Atwoyearprojectinvolving34farmsshowedthatelephantstryingtogothroughthefenceswouldshakethemdisturbingthebees.LaterthefenceswereadoptedbyfarmingcommunitiesinthreeKenyandistricts——whoalsomadeincreasedamountsofmoneyfromsellinghoney.AsAfrica'spopulationgrowscompetitionforspacebetweenpeopleandelephantsisbecomingmoreseriousandtherearefatalitiesonbothsides.ThesameistrueinpartsofAsia.SriLankaaloneseesthedeathsofallestimated60peopleand200elephantseachyearfromconflict.LucyKingnowwantstoseewhethertheKenyantechniquewillworkinotherpartsofAfrica——andperhapseventuallyinAsia.71.TheunderlinedpartinParagraph1meansthesameas___________.A.intelligentsolutiontoanage—oldchallengeB.confirmationoftheimportanceofbeestopeopleC.competitionforspacebetweenpeopleandelephantsD.wayofpreservingtheworld'slargestlandanimal72.WhichofthefollowingordersofeventscorrectlyshowshowDrKing’sprojectworks?①Beehivefencesarebuiltaroundafarm.②Elephantshearthebuzzingandrunaway.③Beesaredisturbedandflyoutofthebeehives.④Elephantstryingtoenterthefarmshakethefences.A.①→②→③→④B.①→④→③→②C.④→③→②→①D.①→②→④→③73.DrKing'ssolutionisdescribedasintelligentbecause_____________.A.itsuccessfullyKeepselephantsoutofAfricanfarmers'fieldsB.thefencesWereadoptedbyfarmingcommunitiesinthreeKenyandistrictsC.morethan90％ofelephantsfleewhentheyhearthesoundsofbuzzingbeesD.itprotectscropsproduceshoneyandpreservesthedephantatthesametime74.TheunderlinedwordfatalitiesinParagraph4isclosestinmeaningto__________.A.deathsB.communitiesC.populationD.fences75.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.DrkingwasborninBritain.B.Mostelephantsscarebees.C.ThetechniquehasprovedtoworkwellinAsiatoo.D.Conflictsbetweenpeopleandelephantsareratherserious.

Decision-makingunderStressAnewreviewbasedonaresearchshowsthatacutestressaffectsthewaythebrainconsiderstheadvantagesanddisadvantagescausingittofocusonpleasureandignorethepossiblenegative负面的consequencesofadecision.Theresearchsuggeststhatstressmaychangethewaypeoplemakechoicesinpredictableways.StressaffectshowpeoplelearnsaysProfessorMaraMather.Peoplelearnbetteraboutpositivethannegativeoutcomesunderstress.Forexampletworecentstudieslookedathowpeoplelearnedtoconnectimages影像witheitherrewardsorpunishments.Inoneexperimentsomeoftheparticipantswerefirststressedbyhavingtogiveaspeechanddodifficultmathproblemsinfrontofanaudience;intheothersomewerestressedbyhavingtokeeptheirhandsinicewater.Inbothcasesthestressedparticipantsrememberedtherewardedmaterialmoreaccuratelyandthepunishedmateriallessaccuratelythanthosewhohadn’tgonethroughthestress.Thisphenomenonislikelynotsurprisingtoanyonewhohastriedtoresisteatingcookiesorsmokingacigarettewhileunderstress–atthosemomentsonlythepleasureassociatedwithsuchactivitiescomestominD.Butthefindingsfurthersuggestthatstressmaybringaboutadoubleeffect.NotonlyarerewardingexperiencesrememberedbetterbutnegativeconsequencesarealsoeasilyrecalleD.Theresearchalsofoundthatstressappearstoaffectdecision-makingdifferentlyinmenandwomen.Whilebothmenandwomentendtofocusonrewardsandlessonconsequencesunderstresstheirresponsestoriskturnouttobedifferent.Menwhohadbeenstressedbythecold-watertasktendedtotakemorerisksintheexperimentwhilewomenrespondedintheoppositeway.Instressfulsituationsinwhichrisk-takingcanpayoffbigmenmaytendtodobetterwhencautionweighsmorehoweverwomenwillwin.Thistendencytoslowdownandbecomemorecautiouswhendecisionsareriskymightalsohelpexplainwhywomenarelesslikelytobecomeaddictedthanmen:theymaymoreoftenavoidmakingtheriskychoicesthateventuallyhardenintoaddiction.69.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatpeopleunderpressuretendto______.A.keeprewardsbetterintheirmemoryB.recallconsequencesmoreeffortlesslyC.makeriskydecisionsmorefrequentlyD.learnasubjectmoreeffectively70.Accordingtotheresearchstressaffectspeoplemostprobablyintheir______.A.waysofmakingchoicesB.preferenceforpleasureC.toleranceofpunishmentsD.responsestosuggestions71.Theresearchhasprovedthatinastressfulsituation______.A.womenfinditeasiertofallintocertainhabitsB.menhaveagreatertendencytoslowdownC.womenfocusmoreonoutcomesD.menaremorelikelytotakerisks

Whenhungerpainsstrikeasharkdoesitsimplyswimaroundaimlesslyuntilitcomesacrossameal?Scientistswhohavestudiedthedivingbehaviorofsharksturtlesfishandothermarinepredators食肉动物nowsuggestthattheseanimalsareabitmorestrategic策略的.TheyappeartofollowaspecialtypeofrandommotionknownasaLevywalk.Ecologistshavelongstudiedhowanimalsfindfoodwithsomeexploringwhethersimplerulescouldexplaintheirhuntingbehavior.In1996oneteamclaimedthatwanderingalbatrossesperformLevywalkswhicharecharacterizedbyaparticulardistributionofmovementlengthsthatincludemanyshort-distancejumpsandrarelongjumps.Othersthenfoundthatmanyanimalsusedthissearchstrategytoo.Butlastfallscientists—includingauthorsoftheoriginal1996report—reportedthattheoriginalalbatrossdatawereflawed.TheyalsocastdoubtonmostclaimsofLevywalksbyanimalscondemningthesmalldatasetsanalyzedandakeystatisticalmethodmanygroupsuseD.Thetableshaveturnedagainhowever.BehavioralecologistDavidSimsandhiscolleagueshavefoundevidenceofLevywalksfromdepth-sensingrecorderstheyhadfixedto31largemarinepredators.AspartoftheEuropeanCensusofMarineLifetheyanalyzedtheverticalmotioninmorethanamilliondivesastheanimalsobviouslyhuntedforfooD.Usingvariousstatisticalmethodstheyshowedthatduringthefood-huntingmostanimalsexaminedseemedtoperformverticalLevywalkswithmanyshortdiveswithanoccasionallongerdivesomehundredsofmetersdeep.Simsarguesthathisteam'svastdatasetsandtheuseofdiversestatisticalanalysesmaketheirstudythemostbelievableevidenceforLevy-likemovement.ThestudyisconvincingsaysecologistFredericBartumeusofPrincetonUniversity.Hesaysthathe'simpressedwiththeamountofdataSims'teamanalyzedandpredictsthatthestudywillshiftthedebatefromwhetheranimalsperformLevywalkstowhentheyusethisstrategyandwhy:It'sgoingtomakebiologistslesssuspiciousabouttheexistenceofthesepatterns.71.Whichofthefollowinganimalsmaynotbestudiedbytheecologists?A.Turtles.B.Tigers.C.Albatrosses.D.Whales.72.Theunderlinedwordflawedprobablymeans.A.stolenB.provedC.faultyD.missed73.WhydidsomescientistscastdoubtonLevywalksbyanimals?A.Becausetheydidn'tbelievewhatDavidSimssaiD.B.Becausetheauthorsofthe1996reportmadeaseriousmistakE.C.Becausethedatasetsotherscientistsanalyzedwerenotconvincing.D.BecausetheydoubtedaboutthestatisticalmethodotherscientistsuseD.74.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat.A.DavidSimsisquiteconfidentoftheirresearchresultB.DavidSimsandhiscolleaguesdidn'tmakeenoughresearchC.FredericBartumeusisamemberofSims'researchgroupD.theexistenceofLevywalkisstilldoubtful75.Thepassagemainlywantstotellusthat.A.howmarineanimalsfindstheirmealsB.ecologistsmakemistakesfrequentlyduringtheirresearchC.LevywalkisakindofadvancedhuntingmethodD.weshouldbeseriousaboutscientificresearch

Peopleusetheirmouthsformanythings.Theyeattalkshoutandsing.Theysmileandtheykiss.IntheEnglishlanguagetherearemanyexpressionsusingthewordmouth.ForexampleifyousaybadthingsaboutapersonthepersonmightprotestandsayDonotbadmouthmE.Sometimespeoplesaysomethingtoafriendorfamilymemberthattheylaterregretbecauseithurtsthatperson’sfeelings.Ortheytellthepersonsomethingtheywerenotsupposedtotell.Thespeakermightsay:IreallyputmyfootinmymouththistimE.Ifthisshouldhappenthespeakermightfeeldowninthemouth.Inotherwordshemightfeelsadforsayingthewrongthing.Anothersituationiswhensomeonefalselyclaimsanotherpersonsaidsomething.Theotherpersonmightprotest:Ididnotsaythat.Donotputwordsinmymouth.Somepeoplehavelotsofmoneybecausetheywerebornintoaveryrichfamily.Thereisanexpressionforthistoo.Youmightsaysuchapersonwasbornwithasilverspooninhismouth.Thisrichpersonistheoppositeofapersonwholivesfromhandtomouth.ThispersonisverypoorandonlyhasenoughmoneyforthemostimportantthingsinlifelikefooD.Parentsmightsometimeswithholdsweetfoodfromachildasaformofpunishmentforsayingbadthings.ForexampleifachildsaysthingssheshouldnotsaytoherparentsshemightbedescribedasamouthychilD.Theparentsmighteventellthechildtostopmouthingoff.Butenoughofallthistalk.Ihavebeenrunningmymouthlongenough.56.Peopleusetheirmouthsformanythings.WhichisNOTRIGHT?A.eatB.talkC.singD.hear57.InwhatkindofsituationwillapersonsayDonotbadmouthmE.?_____________.A.Whenhefeelsdown.B.Whenhefeelsregretful.C.Whenheisspokenillof.D.Whenhefeelsinnocent.58.Ifapersonfeelssorryforwhathehassaidhemightsay.A.DonotbadmouthmeB.IreallyputmyfootinmymouththistimeC.DonotputwordsinmymouthD.Stopmouthingoff59.Ifapersonlivesfromhandtomouthitimplies.A.heisbadly–off家境贫寒B.heishard–workingC.heiswell–off家境好D.hehasenoughtoeat60.BysayingIhavebeenrunningmymouthlongenoughthespeakermeans.A.IhaverunalongwayB.IhavebeenamouthypersonC.IhavelearnedalotD.Ihavetalkedtoomuch

Applehasenteredthetextbookmarket.Thetechgiant科技巨头introducediBookstextbooksacoupleofweeksagowhenitannounceditsiBooks2platform.Theyaredigitalbooksinmanysubjectstakinginsciencemathshistoryandgeography.AppledevelopeditsiPad-basedtextbooksinconjunctionwith连接majortextbookpublishers.Thecompanyoffersacollectionoftextbooksforhighschoolstudents.ApplesaysitoffersanewtextbookexperienceandsuggestsitsiBookstextbooksarethenextchapterinlearning.Itsoundslikegoodnewsforpupilsandstudents.Thinkofit.Nomorecarryingheavybackpacksfulloftextbooks.EverytextbookyourequirecanbestoredonyouriPaD.Nomorehavingtobuyexpensivetextbookswhichyouwillonlyuseforayearortwoandthensellorgiveaway.Ofcoursethere’sacatch.YouneedtoownaniPadandasyouknowitisnotcheap.Youalsoneedtobuydigitaltextbooksmostlypricedeachat$14.9994.74yuanorless.Textbookpublishingwasworth$8.7billionintheUSalonelastyear.Andtherestastheysayishistory.WillApplerevolutionizelearning?Willdigitalbookstakeovercompletelyineducation?Thatremainstobeseen.57.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.AppleEntersNewMarketB.A.DifferentWayofLearningC.ExperienceDigitalTexbooksD.SayGood-byetoTradition58.iBookstextbookswilldogoodtopupilsandstudentsbecause________.A.theyarefreetogetB.theyareeasytocarryC.theyareipad-basedD.theyarefavoritegifts59.TheunderlinedwordsacatchinParagraph4areclosestinmeaningto________.A.anadvantageB.asurpriseC.aproblemD.anorder60.Whatcanweknowfromthatlastparagraph?A.iPad-basedtextbookshavechangedourlearning.B.Traditionaltextbookswillbereplacedsoonerorlater.C.Applehasearnedalotfromthetextbookmarket.D.Digitalbookshavedisadvantagesandadvantages.

Astudynowlendssupporttotheideathatmeal­timedistractions分散注意canmaskthecluesthatwereallyhaveeatenquiteenough.Moreoveritfindsthecaloricfalloutofnotpayingattentiontowhatwe'reeatingdoesn'tnecessarilyendwhenamealisover.RoseCooperfromEnglandandhercolleaguesgathered22menandanequalnumberofwomenforanexperiment.Eachpersondinedalonecontinuouslyreceivingninesmallsharesoffooditems.Theserangedfromcheesetwistsandpotatochipstocarrotscherrytomatoesandsandwichesorsausagerolls.Becausethegoalwastotestthepotentialimpactsofdistractiononfullnesstheresearchersrandomlyassignedhalfoftheparticipantstoeatinfrontofacomputer—andtogainasmanywinsaspossibleatthecardgamE.Everyoneelsewastoldtofocusonthesensoryqualitiesoftheirmeal.Accordingtotheirinstructionstheparticipantsateallofthefoodgiventothem.YetpeoplewhoplayedacomputergameduringlunchfoundtheirmeallessfillingthanthemindfuleatershaD.Gameplayersalsoswallowdowntwiceasmanycookiesalmostanhourlaterwhentheywereallowedallthedesserttheywantedinthenameofatastetest.TheBritishscientistspresenttheirfindingsintheFebruaryeditionofTheAmericanJournalofClinicalNutrition.Therealquestioniswhydistractedeatingshouldimpactsnacking.Itappearsthescientistssaythatmemoryplayssometrickyroleinhowweregisterwhatweeatandthedegreetowhichitsatisfies.InterestinglyeightyearsagoBrittaBarkelingofHuddingeUniversityinStockholmandhercolleaguesreportedsomewhatrelatedfindings.Their18overweightsubjectshadnochoiceotherthantogetridofeverythingbutlunchononeday—becausetheywereblindfoldeD.Comparedtoadaywhentheycouldviewwhattheywerediningonthesepeopleconsumedonlythreequartersasmanycalories.Yetevenhoursafterwardtheyreportedbeingnolessfullthanonthedaytheyhadbeenabletoseetheirplates.Ofcoursedininginthedarkisn'tpractical.Andsometimeswhatweeatdoesn'treallyinviteourabsoluteattention.Butthereiscertainlyagrowingmountainofdataindicatingthatmindlesseatingisawasteofresourcesarisktoourwaistlines—andacostlythreattohealth.36.RoseCooperandhercolleaguesdidtheexperimentinorderto________.A.showthatallthepeopleenjoysnacksB.provethatplayingcomputergamesisharmfulwhilediningC.findpossibleeffectsofdistractiononfullnessD.testtheimpactsofeatingsnacksondifferentpeople37.Whichisthemosteffectivewaytoconcentrateonyourfoodwhendining?A.ViewingyourfooD.B.Blindfoldingyoureyes.C.Playingcomputergames.D.Eatingbyoneself.38.Thereasonwhydistractedeatinginfluencessnackingmaybethat________.A.youeatlessinthatcaseB.youarecheatedbyyourmemoryC.youhaveconsumedmorecaloriesD.youdigestwhatyou'veeatenfaster39.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat________.A.distractedeatingmaydamageyourhealthB.eatingsnackswillmakeyoufeelfullC.BrittabecamefamousbecauseoftheexperimentD.playingismoreimportantthanwhatweeat

AnimalsseemtohavethesensetoeatwhentheyarehungryandtheydonoteatmorethantheirbodiesneeD.Ithasbeenshownthatratswillwhengivenachoiceoveraperiodoftimepreferwaterwithvitamins维生素towaterwithoutvitaminseventhoughthereisnodifferenceintasteorsmellbetweenthetwowaterbottles.Whenasweetsmellwasaddedtothevitamins-enrichedwatertheratsdidseemtodevelopatasteforitandkeptdrinkingitevenafterthevitaminswerechangedtotheclearwater.Intime最后howevertheybrokethehabitandwentbacktowherethenecessaryvitaminswerE.Inexperimentsbabiesof6to12monthsoldwereplacedinaroomwithawidechoiceofbabyfoodbeforethem.Theyweregivenwhateverfoodtheypointedtoorappearedinterestedin.Wearetoldthatatfirsttheyshowedsomeunusualeatinghabitsbutthatoveraperiodoftimetheymanagedtochooseawell-balanceddiet.Soinchoosingfoodratsandbabiesdoseemtoknowandactonwhat'sbestforthem.ClearlythereisakindofbodywisdomwhichhumanssoonlosE.MostofusdonoteataswiselyaswecoulD.Manyofourfoodpreferencesareculturallydeterminedandinfluencedbyoldhabits.Somepeopleeatfoxesdogsandblackbirdswhileweeatcowsandpigs.Sowhatpeopleeatandhowmanytheyeatseemtobegreatlyinfluencedbywhatisgoingaroundthem.53.Intheexperimentonratsasweetsmellwasaddedtotherats’drinkingwaterto.A.encourageratstodrinkvitamins-enrichedwaterB.findoutrats’preferenceinflavor口味C.testwhetherratsknowwhichdrinkisgoodforthemD.showthevitaminsaretasteless54.Talkingabouteatinghabitsbabiesandratsarejustlikeeachotherbecause.A.bothhavethewisdomtochooseabalanceddietB.bothpreferflavoredfoodanddrinkC.bothhavethesameeatinghabitsD.bothdevelopatasteforthesamekindsofflavors55Intheexperimentmentionedinthesecondparagraphbabieswere.A.givenmanychoicesofdrinksB.givenallkindsofbabyfoodC.placedandfedinahospitalD.trainedtoselectabalanceddiet56.Accordingtothepassagegrown-uppeople’seatinghabitsdifferfromthoseofbabiesinthat_______.A.theyknowbetterthanbabieswhatkindsoffoodaregoodfortheirhealthB.theyusuallycannotsaynotoallkindsofdeliciousfoodsC.theireatinghabitshavemuchtodowiththesocialandculturalcustoms文化习俗D.theyhavemorechoicesoffoodthanbabiesineatingpatterns

Imagineputtingaseedinafreezerwaiting30000yearsandthentakingtheseedoutandplantingit.Doyouthinkaflowerwouldgrow?Amazinglyscientistshavejustmanagedtodosomethingverysimilar.TheyfoundthefruitofanancientplantthathadbeenfrozenundergroundinSiberia—aregioncoveringcentralandeasternRussia—forabout31800years.UsingpiecesofthefruitthescientistsgrewplantsinalaB.Thenewbloomshavedelicatewhitepetals.TheyarealsotheoldestfloweringplantsthatresearchershaveeverrevivedfromadeepfreezE.ThisislikeregeneratingadinosaurfromtissuesofanancienteggsaidUniversityofCaliforniaLosAngelesbiologistJaneShen-Miller.Theplanthasalonghistory.BackwhenmammothsandwoollyrhinoceroseswalkedthelandanArcticgroundsquirrelburiedseedsandfruitsinanundergroundchamberneartheKolymaRiverinnortheasternSiberiA.ThegroundbecamepermafrostalayerofsoilthatstaysfrozenforalongtimE.RecentlyRussianscientistsdugouttheoldsquirrelholeandfoundtheplantremains38metersbelowthesurfacE.Backatthelabtheteamfednutrientstotissuefromthreeofthefruitstogrowshoots.Thenthescientiststransferredtheshootstopotsfilledwithsoil.Theplantsproducedseedsthatcouldbeusedtogrowevenmoreofthem.It’simportantforscientiststoknowthatplanttissuescanstillberevivedafterbeingfrozenforalongtimE.That’sbecausemanyresearchersaretryingtopreservetheseedsofmodernplantsbyfreezingthemandthenstoringthemingiantlockersatvariousspotsaroundtheglobE.OnesuchendeavoranundergroundfacilityinNorwayiscalledtheSvalbardGlobalSeedVault.Itstoreshundredsofthousandsoffrozenseeds.IfaplantevergoesextinctscientistscouldbringitbackbytakingitsseedsfromtheSvalbardorotherstoragelockers.Nooneknowshowlongtheyareabletoliveforbutfreezingisbasicallytheformatformanyplantconservationattemptsnowadays.Shen-MillersaiD.It’sagoodthingthatatleastsomeplantsaretoughenoughtosurvivetheexperiencE.64.Howdidthefruitoriginallygetunderground?A.Itwasplacedtherebyananimal.B.Itwastrappedthereduringtheice-agE.C.Itwasplantedtherebyancientfarmers.D.ItwasburiedthereaftertheearthquakE.65.Whyarescientistsinterestedinthisdiscovery?A.Ithelpsthemlearnhowplantlifehaschangedinthepast30000years.B.Itcanhelpguidefutureeffortstoprotectendangeredplant-lifE.C.Itcanprovidedirectionsforwheretolookforotherancientplants.D.Itprovesthatallplantlifecansurviveforthousandsofyearswhenfrozen.66.Theunderlinedwordtheyinthefinalparagraphrefersto_______.A.plantsB.seedsC.scientistsD.storagelockers67.Thepurposeofthepassageisto_______.A.discussaplantconservationeffortB.introducesomeancientplantsC.outlinesomecausesofglobalwarmingD.describeascientificresearchproject

Owningpetbirdsisnotjustfeedingthemwhennecessary.Youhavetobeveryresponsibleifyouhavedecidedtokeepbirdsaspets.Ifyoureallywanttoacquireacompanionthinkinadvancewhetheryouareabletohandleit.Dependingonwhatpetbirdyouaregoingtohaveandhowbigitisthecostisdifferent.Forexamplethecostofacomfortablecagethecostfornutritionalfoodandthemoneyforsomeadditionalthingsshouldbetakenintoconsideration.Therearealsosomeunexpectedcost.Forexamplewhenyourpetbirdgetssickyouhavetosendforavet兽医.Youmaythinkthatyoudonothavefreetimetohaveadogsoyou’dbetterhaveapetbirdbecauseitdoesn’trequirealotofattention.Youarewrong!Somepeopleevendonothavetimeforashortsleep.Theywillnothaveenoughtimeforpetseither.Forgoodbirdhealthitisveryimportanttohandlethemandplaywiththemasmuchasyoucan.Alsotherearealotofpeoplewhothinkthatbirdsdonotrequirealotofspaceandtheyarewrongagain.Theyalsoneedtoflysoifyoudonothavespaceforityou’dbetterreconsiderthethings.ButdonotforgetthegreatadvantageofhavingapetbirD.Intheanimalkingdombirdsranknearthetopwhenitcomestosmarts.Youcanhaveafriendforlifeifyoutakegoodcareofit.It’sarealcharacterandcanbringjoyandcolourinyourhomE.61.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.TheadvantagesofkeepingapetbirD.B.ThereasonsforkeepingapetbirD.C.ThingstoconsiderifyouwanttokeepapetbirD.D.DifferenttypesofpetsfordifferentpeoplE.62.Wecanlearnfromthesecondparagraphthat.A.youhavetobeveryrichtokeepapetbirdB.somecostofkeepingapetbirdisunnecessaryC.itisveryeasytocalculatethecostofhavingapetbirdD.thecostofhavingapetbirdisunpredictablesometimes63.Ifyouwanttohaveapetbirdyouneedn’tconsider.A.theknowledgeaboutapetbirdB.thecostofhavingapetbirdC.thetimetakentocareforapetbirdD.thespaceapetbirdneedstofly

Foranowl猫头鹰withone-metrewingspantheskyshouldbethelimit.ButTroyprefershisbird’seyeviewtobenohigherthan5feet10inches.Theone-year-oldowlhasaninconvenientsymptom:he’safraidofheights.AfteranunfortunatestartinlifewhenhefellfromhisnestbyaccidentTroywasraisedbyGarethTonenahandler饲养员whojusthappenstobe5feet10inchestall.AsaresultTroyhasgrownupwithoutanygreatambitionsofhisown.Whenitcomestotreeshecan’tseewhatisaboutandwouldprefertoflyalongatMr.Tonen’ssidE.Onlywhenthe25-year-oldhandlerclimbsupatreecanTroybetemptedtoleavehiscomfortzoneandjoinhim.AshleySmithsaidTroy’sfearofheightswasaresultofforgettinghowtobeabirD.He’sbeenincaptivity被圈养foraslongashecanrememberandhasneverbeenhigherthanhishandlercanlifthim.Heseeshimselfasmoreofahumanthananowlandhedoesn’tknowhowtositintreesorhunt.GarethhastoalmostactlikeanowltogetTroytobehavelikeonE.AsaresultadailytreeclimbhasbecomepartofTroy’s–andMr.Tonen’s–routinE.LaddershavebeenfixedsoMr.TonencanclimbintothetreesandcallforTroywhowillflyupandjoinhishandlerbutgonohigher.MostofthetimehefliesdownagainbutoccasionallyMr.Tonenhastocarryhimbacktogroundlevel.Theafternoonendswithamealofmouserabbitorhisfavoritechicken.Mr.TonensaidHenowlooksuponmeashismumordaD.He’sgainingmoreconfidenceandifIhavetocarryonclimbinguptreeswithhimthenwe’lldowhatittakesforhimtobeahighflyer.63.TroywasbroughtupbyGarethTonenbecausehe______.A.couldn’tflyhighB.gotbadlyhurtC.lefthisparentsaccidentallyD.isafraidofheight64.Whatcanyoulearnfromthesecondparagraph?A.Troydoesn’tshowanyinterestinflyinghighupinthesky.B.GarethTonenhasspoiled宠坏Troybyofferinghimeverything.C.GarethTonenispleasedtoseeTroyflyalongathissidE.D.TroywouldlikehisownerGarethTonentoclimbuptrees.65.AccordingtoAshleySmithTroydoesn’tknowheisabirdbecause______.A.hehasdevelopedthesymptomoffearingheights.B.hehasbeenraisedsincehewasverysmall.C.hecan’tlearnhowtoflyhigherthanhisowner.D.hedoesn’twanttoflyamongtreeshuntingforfooD.66.WhydoesGarethTonenhavetoclimbuptreeseveryday?A.TosetanexampleofflyinghightoTroy.B.ToseehowhighTroycanreallyfly.C.ToteachTroyhowtogetmealsinhightrees.D.TogetTroybackdowntocurehisfearofheights.

MichaelFishmaysoonbereplacedasaweatherforecasterbytheshark鲨鱼.ResearchbyaBritishbiologystudentsuggeststhatsharkscouldbeusedtopredictstorms.LaurenSmith24isclosetocompletingherstudyonshark’sabilitytosensepressurE.Ifherstudiesprovethetheoryscientistsmaybeabletomonitorthebehaviorofsharkstopredictbadweather.MissSmithhadpreviouslystudiedthebehavioroflemonsharksintheBahamas.ShethenusedtheircloserelativeslesserspotteddogfishforfurtherresearchatAberdeenUniversity.Herwork---thoughttobethefirstofitskindtotestthepressuretheory----resultedfromtheobservationthatjuvenileblacktipsharksoffFloridamovedintodeeperwateraheadofaviolentstormin2001.MissSmithsaid:I’vealwaysbeencrazyabouttravelinganddivingandthisledmetoaninterestinsharks.IwasdelightedtohavebeenabletoresearchintheareaformydegreE.Iknowthere’ssomuchmoreweneedtounderstand----butitcertainlyopensthewaytomoreresearch.Ithasbeendiscoveredthatasharksensespressureusinghaircellsinitsbalancesystem.AttheBiminiSharkLabintheBahamasMissSmithfixedhi-techsensorstosharkstorecordpressureandtemperaturewhilealsotrackingthemusingGPSGlobalPositioningSystemtechnology.InAberdeenshewasabletostudytheeffectsoftidal潮汐的andtemperaturechangesondogfish----noneofwhichwereharmeD.Shealsousedaspeciallabwhichcanmimic模拟oceanicpressurechangescausedbyweatherfronts.Sheisduetocompleteherstudyandgraduatelaterthisyear.Shesaysshewillbelookingforajobwhichwillgiveherthechancetoenrichherexperienceofsharkresearch.72.Thepassageismostprobablytakenfrom_______.A.ashort-storycollectionB.apopularsciencemagazineC.aresearchpaperD.apersonaldiary73.Whatdowelearnfromthefirstfourparagraphsofthepassage?A.Sharksmaybeusedtopredictbadweather.B.Sharks’behaviorcanbecontrolleD.C.MichaelFishisnotfitforhisjoB.D.LaurenSmithwillbecomeaweatherforecaster.74.LaurenSmithconductedherresearchby_______.A.removinghaircellsfromashark’sbalancesystemB.measuringtheairpressureofweatherfrontsC.recordingsharks’bodytemperatureD.monitoringsharks’reactiontoweatherchanges75.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.A.popularwayofforecastingweather.B.A.newresearcheffortinpredictingstorms.C.Biologists’interestinthesecretsofsharks.D.LaurenSmith’sdevotiontoscientificresearch.

Allwehaveaclocklocatedinsideourbrains.Similartoyourbedsidealarmclockyourinternalclockrunsona24-hourcyclE.Thiscyclecalledacircadian昼夜节奏的rhythmhelpscontrolwhenyouwakewhenyoueatandwhenyousleep.Somewherearoundpubertysomethinghappensinthetimingofthebiologicalclock.Theclockpushesforwardsoadolescentsandteenagersareunabletofallasleepasearlyastheyusedto.Whenyourmothertellsyouit'stimeforbedyourbodymaybepushingyoutostayup3forseveralhoursmorE.AndthelightcomingfromyourcomputerscreenorTVcouldbepushingyoutostayupevenlater.Thisshiftisnaturalforteenagers.Butstayingupverylateandsleepinglatecangetyourbody'sclockoutofsyncwiththecycleoflightanddark.Itcanalsomakeithardtogetoutofbedinthemorningandmaybringotherproblemstoo.Teenagersareputinakindofagraycloud提不起精神的状态whentheydon'tgetenoughsleepsaysMaryCarskadonasleepresearcheratBrownUniversityinProvidenceRhodeIslanD.Itaffectstheirmoodandtheirabilitytothinkandlearn.Butjustlikeyouralarmclockyourinternalclockcanbereset.Infactitautomaticallyresetsitselfeveryday.How?Byusingthelightitgetsthroughyoureyes.Scientistshaveknownforalongtimethatthelightofdayandthedarkofnightplayimportantrolesinsettingourinternalclocks.Foryearsresearchersthoughtthatthesignalsthatsynchronizethebody'sclockwerehandledthroughthesamepathwaysthatweusetoseE.Butrecentdiscoveriesshowthatthehumaneyehastwoseparatelight-sensingsystems.OnesystemallowsustoseE.Thesecondsystemtellsourbodywhetherit'sdayornight.Note:AnswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinNOMORETHANTENWORDS.81.Theclocklocatedinsideourbrainsissimilartoourbedsidealarmclockbecause________________________________________.­82.Childrenbeforepubertytendto__________________________________thanadolescents.83.Theauthorwantstotellthereaderthat_____________________________________.84.Whatdidthepreviousresearchersthinkaboutthehumaneye'slight-sensingsystem?

InGreekmythology神话fireisagiftformGodstolenfromZeus宙斯byPrometheusandhandedovertohumanssufferingfromcolD.WhatcouldbemorenaturalthansittingaroundabeautifulfireonawinternightatacampsiteintheBerkshires?Hardasitmaybetobelievethefireplace—longconsideredatrophy奖杯particularlyinacitylikeNewYork—isacquiringasocialshamE.Amongthosewhodesiretobeenvironmentallyresponsibleitisjoiningtheranksofbottledwaterandbighouses.SallyTreadwella51-year-oldpublicrelationsexecutiveinBooneN.C.saidnothingmakesherhappierthanbuildingafireonacoldwinternight.Butmostofthetimeshedoesn’tbecauseshefeelstooguiltyaboutthedamageitmaydototheenvironment.EverytimeshebuildsafireitcausesinnerconflictshesaiD.It’saguiltypleasure.ThesmokefromafiresmellsverynicesaidDianeBaileyaseniorscientistwiththeNaturalResourcesDefenseCouncilinSanFrancisco.Butitcancausealotofharm.Thetinyparticles颗粒cancauseillnessandcancrossintothebloodstreamcausingheartattacksaswellasworseningotherconditions.Growingconcernsabouttheairpollutionandhealthproblemscausedbysmokefromwoodfiresareurginganumberofareasacrossthecountrytopasslawsregulatingthem.Idahooffersataxcuttopeoplewhoreplaceuncertified不合格的woodstoveswithgreenerones;SanJoaquinCountyinCaliforniaforbidssellingahomeunlessitswoodstoveisreplacedwithanE.P.A.certifiedoneandPaloAltoandothergovernmentsinCaliforniaforbidwood-burningfireplacesinnewconstruction.CertainlymanythinkotherwisE.InanycasemostfireplacesareusedfartooinfrequentlytocauseanyrealdamagetotheenvironmentsaidStephenSearsthevicepresidentoftheBrickIndustryAssociationvoicinganopinionsharedbysomE.Perhapsnotcoincidentallysalesofwood-burningequipmentdroppedto235000in2009from800000in1999accordingtotheBrickIndustryAssociation.Italsoreportsthatapproximately35000fireplaceswereinstalledintheUnitedStatesin2009comparedto80000in2005.Certainlythosenumbersreflecttheeconomicslowdownbutthemayalsobeaffectedbygrowingmixedfeelingstowoodfries.67.Wecaninferfromthe2ndparagraphthat________.A.bighousesarenotconsideredenvironmentallyfriendlyB.bottlewaterisagoodcompanionforafireplaceC.afireplaceisviewedasasignofsuccessD.peopleinNewYorkarelaughedatfortheirtradition68.Sally’sinnerconflictinthe3rdparagraphresultedfrom________.A.herloveforthefireplaceB.thedamagetotheenvironmentC.theconcernaboutherhealthD.hermixedemotionfrothefireplace69.Intermsoftheregulationsaboutwoodfireswecanlearnfromthepassagethat_______.A.uncertifiedfireplacesareforbiddeninIdahoB.somepeopleareagainstthewoodfirecontrollingregulationsC.onlyenergy-efficientwoodstovescanbeusedintheUSD.allthepeoplesupportmeasurestakentocontroltheuseoffireplaces70.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.TourgepeopletoburnlesswoodB.Todiscusswood-burning’simpactC.Tothrowlightonthecausesofthefireplace’sdeclineD.Toindicatethecoolingloveforthefireplace

LIPITORABOUTLIPITORLipitorisaprescriptionmedicinE.Alongwithdietandexerciseitlowersbadcholesterol胆固醇inyourblooD.Itcanalsoraisegoodcholesterol.Lipitorcanlowertheriskofheartattackinpatientswithseveralcommonriskfactorsincludingfamilyhistoryofearlyheartdiseasehighbloodpressureageandsmoking.WHOISLIPITORFOR?WhocantakeLIPITOR:·Peoplewhocannotlowertheircholesterolenoughwithdietandexercise·Adultsandchildrenover10WhoshouldNOTtakeLIPITOR:·Womenwhoarepregnantmaybepregnantormaybecomepregnant.Lipitormayharmyourunbornbaby.·Womenwhoarebreast-feeding.Lipitorcanpassintoyourbreastmilkandmayharmyourbaby.PeoplewithliverproblemsPOSSIBLESIDEEFFECTSOFLIPITORSerioussideeffectsinasmallnumberofpeople:·Muscleproblemsthatcanleadtokidneyproblemsincludingkidneyfailure·Liverproblems.YourdoctormaydobloodteststocheckyourliverbeforeyoustartLipitorandwhileyouaretakingit.Callyourdoctorrightawayifyouhave:·Unexplainedmusclepainorweaknessespeciallyifyouhaveafeverorfeelveryfired·Swellingofthefacelipstongueand/orthroatthatmaycausedifficultyinbreathingorswallowing·StomachpainSomecommonsideeffectsofLIPITORare:·Musclepain·Upsetstomach·ChangesinsomebloodtestsHOWTOTAKELIPITORDO:·TakeLipitorasprescribedbyyourdoctor.·Trytoeatheart-healthyfoodswhileyoutakeLipitor.·TakeLipitoratanytimeofdaywithorwithoutfooD.·Ifyoumissadosetakeitassoonasyouremember.Butifithasbeenmorethan12hourssinceyoumisseddosewait.TakethenextdoseatyourregulartimE.Don't:·Donotchangeorstopyourdosebeforetalkingtoyourdoctor.·Donotstartnewmedicinesbeforetalkingtoyourdoctor.50.WhatisamajorfunctionofLipitor?A.Tohelpquitsmoking.B.TocontrolbloodpressurE.C.Toimproveunhealthydiet.D.Tolowerbadcholesterol.51.Ifithasbeenover12hourssinceyoumissedadoseyoushould________.A.changetheamountofyournextdoseB.eatmorewhentakingyournextdoseC.haveadoseassoonasyourememberD.takethenextdoseatyourregulartime52.WhichofthefollowingisacommonsideeffectoftakingLipitor?A.Faceswelling.B.Upsetstomach.C.KidneyfailurE.D.Muscleweakness.53.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toteachpatientswaysforquickrecovery.B.Topresentareportonascientificresearch.C.ToshowtheimportanceofagoodlifestylE.D.Togiveinformationaboutakindofmedicine

TheOceanInstitutewelcomespeopletotheCityofDanaPoint’sFestivalofWhalescelebrationonbothweekends.Theeventcelebratesthemigration迁徙ofthewhalesoffourcoast.RespectedoceanscientistsoftheoceanInstituteintroducevisitorstotheworldofwhales.Thespeakersarearrangedasthefollowing.SaturdayMarch51230pmDrGwenGoodmanlowefromCalifomiaStateUniversityisafull-timelecturerintheDepartmentofBiologyandadvisesstudentsworkingondegreesinmarine海洋的biology.ShereceivedherdoctorateinzoologyfromtheUniversityofHawaii-Honolulu.SundayMarch61230pmMattLesliefromScrippsInstituteofOceanographyhasstudiedwhalesoffthecoastofAustralia.Someofhiscurrentresearchprojectsincludepopulationstructureanalysisofwhalesusingperformancetesting.Hewilllectureonguidesfortreatmentofmarineanimals.SaturdayMarch121230pmDrMerkensfromScrippsInstituteofOceanographywillpresentherlatestresearchonhowsoundormusiccanbeusedasameanstoidentifycharacteristicsofwhalesandtofindouthowwhalescommunicatewithoneanotherintheenvironment.SundayMarch132pmRobertL.PitmanisamarineecologistworkingfortheNationalMarineFishingService.Hebeganhiscareer35yearsagostudyingseabirdsandwhalesandspendsmuchofhistimeatseaonvesselsatlocationsallovertheworld.HismaininterestistheecologyoftheAntarctickillerwhale.TheFestivalwillallowvisitorstoknowaboutnewdiscoveriesinmarineanimalresearchandtoexploreavarietyofinformationonwhales.Visitorswillhavetheopportunitytolistentounderwaterwhalesoundsandenjoyhands-onactivities.GuestswilltourthetallshipPilgrim.Cost$6.50adults$4.50childrenages4-12.Formoreinformationpleasevisitwww.ocean-institutE.orgorcall949496-2274.66.Whatdoweknowfromthepassage?A.AlargenumberofscientistswillattendtheFestivalofWhalescelebration.B.TheFestivalofWhalescelebrationwillbeheldfromMarch5toMarch13.C.TheOceanInstitutewillholdtheCityofDanaPoint’sFestivalofWhales.D.Fouroceanscientistswilltellvisitorssomeinformationaboutwhales.67.Whattimeshouldyouattendthefestivalifyouwanttoleamhowtotreatmarineanimals?A.At1230pmonSaturdayMarch5.B.At1230pmonSundayMarch6.C.At1230pmonSaturdayMarch12.D.At2pmonSundayMarch13.68.Ifyouonlyhavetimeafterlpmonweekendsyoucanlistentoalecturedeliveredby_________.A.GwenGoodmanloweB.MartLeslieC.MerkensD.RobertL.Pitman69.WhichofthefollowingthingscanNOTvisitorsdoaccordingtothepassage?A.Haveclosecontactwithunderwaterwhales.B.Leamaboutnewdiscoveriesinmarineanimalresearch.C.Exploresomeinformationonwhales.D.TourthetallshipPilgrim.70.Ifacoupleandtheir13-year-oldchildattendtheeventtheywouldneedtopay_________.A.13dollarsB.17.50dollarsC.19.50dollarsD.11dollars

Planetarychangeswhichwillhaveaninfluenceonmanyaredrawingnearbecauseofthepoorecological生态的stateoftheplanet.Actuallychangehasalreadybegunthroughclimatechangesbutmosthumanshaven’tnoticedthisyet.Climatechangehasbeguntoinfluencetheworldalreadyandwillbegintoworsenwithinthenextfewyears.Around2020mostpeoplewillbegintoseethattheresultsofclimatechangewillbefarmoreseriousthannowunderstooD.Astheplanetisunderbiggeological地质的stresseswhicharecontinuouslyincreasingitwillinthefuturenolongerbeabletosupportitspopulation.Scarcity缺乏ofresourcesover-farminglackofcleanairnotenoughcleandrinkingwateranddroughtaresomeoftheissuesthatwillallplayamuchgreaterroleinthenearfuturE.Humanshavecausedlargeecologicaldevastation破坏.Thelifestylesofmanypeopleareimprovingatafastspeed;howeverthiswillfinallyresultinalackofsomepreciousresources.Whenthisscarcitybeginstohappenpeoplewillnolongerbeabletohavesustainable可支撑的lifestyles.It’simportanttounderstandthateveryoneplaysaroleinthewholeprocessoflifE.Eachperson’sdecisioncanfinallyaffectthefuturE.Thesedecisionsallcombinedcanhavegoodeffectonwhatthefuturewillbelikeforhumans.Sothefuturedependsonthechoiceswemakeatthepresentmoment.Whilemoreandmorepeoplearebecomingawareofclimatechangeandotherenvironmentalproblemsrelatedtoglobalwarmingnotallarefullyunderstandinghowfar-reachingitseffectswillbE.Unfortunatelymostofthehumansareawarethattheplanetisn’tfunctioningwellbuttheydon’tunderstandthatthisiscreatingamajorproblemforthefuturesurvivalofhumans.SoeverypersonshouldmakethenecessarychangestoreducetheirinfluenceontheenvironmentandhelpcreateamoresustainablefuturE.61.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheCausesofPlanetaryChanges.B.TheInfluenceofEcologicalDevastationC.TheWaysofBuildingaSustainableFutureD.EnvironmentalDamageandtheHumanFuture62.Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat_________A.planetarychangesarecausedbyglobalwarmingB.climatechangeswillaffectthelifeofhumanssoonC.theecologicalstateoftheearthhasbeendestroyedD.mostpeopledon’trealizethedangerofclimatechanges63.Whatopiniondoestheauthormostprobablyhold?A.Humansshouldn’ttrytoimprovetheirlifestyles.B.Thefuturewe’llhavedependsoneveryoneofus.C.Theecologicaldevastationiscomingtoastopsoon.D.ThefutureofhumanscanbedeterminedaheadoftimE.64.Inthelastparagraphtheauthoristryingto____________.A.encouragepeopletomakeeffortstoprotecttheenvironmentB.callonpeopletoworkhardtomaketheirfuturebetterC.warnpeopleofthedangersofecologicaldevastationD.tellpeopletherightwaytoprotecttheenvironment65.Theauthor’sattitudeinwritingthistextis____________.A.indifferentB.negativeC.seriousD.humorous

YourglassesmaysomedayreplaceyoursmartphoneandsomeNewYorkersarereadyfortheswitch.Someinthecitycan'twaittotrythemonandusethemapsandGPSthatthefuturisticeyewearislikelytoincludE.I'duseitifIwerehangingoutwithfriendsat3A.m.andgoingtothebarandwantedtoseewhatwasopensaidWalterChoo40ofFortGreenE.Thesmartphone-likeglasseswilllikelycomeoutthisyearandcostbetween$250and$600theTimessaidpossiblyincludingavariationofaugmented增强的realityatechnologyalreadyavailableonsmartphonesandtablets平板电脑thatoverlaysinformationontothescreenaboutone'ssurroundings.Soforexampleifyouwerewalkingdownastreetindicatorswouldpopupshowingyouthenearestcoffeeshopordirectionscouldbeplottedoutandcomeintoviewrightonthesidewalkinfrontofyou.Asfarasamainstreamconsumerproductthisjustisn'tsomethinganybodyneedssaidSamBiddlewhowritesforGizmodo.com.We'reaccustomedtohavingonethinginourpockettodoallthesethingsheaddedandtheaverageconsumerisn'tgonnabeabletoaffordanotherdevice装置that'shundredsandhundredsofdollars.9to5GooglepublisherSethWeintraubwhohasbeenreportingonthesmartphone-likeglassessincelatelastyearsaidheisconfidentthatthistypeofwearabledevicewilleventuallybeascommonassmartphones.It'sjustlikesmartphones10yearsagoWeintraubsaiD.Afewpeoplestartedgettingemailsontheirphonesandpeoplethoughtthatwascrazy.Samekindofthing.Weseepeoplebendingtheirheadstolookattheirsmartphonesandit'sunnaturalhesaiD.There'sgonnabeimprovementstothatandthisasteptherE.60.Oneofthepossiblefunctionsofthesmartphone-likeglassesisto____.A.programtheopeninghoursofabarB.supplyyouwithapictureofthefutureC.provideinformationaboutyoursurroundingsD.updatethemapsandGPSinyoursmartphones61.Theunderlinedphrasepopupinthethirdparagraphprobablymeans____.A.developrapidlyB.getroundquicklyC.appearimmediatelyD.gooverautomatically62.AccordingtoSamBiddlethesmartphone-likeglassesare____.A.necessaryforteenagersB.attractivetoNewYorkersC.availabletopeopleworldwideD.expensiveforaverageconsumers63.Wecanlearnfromthelasttwoparagraphsthatthesmartphone-likeglasses____.A.mayhaveapotentialmarketB.areascommonassmartphonesC.arepopularamongyoungadultsD.willbeimprovedbyanewtechnology

Globalwarmingmayormaynotbethegreatenvironmentalcrisisofthe21stcenturybut-regardlessofwhetheritisorisn't-wewon'tdomuchaboutit.AlGorecallsglobalwarminganinconvenienttruthasifmerelyrecognizingitcouldputusonapathtoasolution.Buttherealtruthisthatwedon'tknowenoughtorelieveglobalwarmingand-withoutmajortechnologicalbreakthroughs-wecan'tdomuchaboutit.From2003to2050theworld'spopulationisprojectedtogrowfrom6.4billionto9.1billiona42%increasE.IfenergyuseperpersonandtechnologyremainthesametotalenergyuseandgreenhousegasemissionsmainlyC02willbe42%higherin2050.Butthat'stoolowbecausesocietiesthatgrowricherusemoreenergy.Weneedeconomicgrowthunlesswecondemntheworld'spoortotheirpresentpovertyandfreezeeveryoneelse'slivingstandards.Withmodestgrowthenergyuseandgreenhouseemissionsmorethandoubleby2050.Nogovernmentwilladoptstrictrestrictionsoneconomicgrowthandpersonalfreedomlimitsonelectricityusagedrivingandtravelthatmightcutbackglobalwarming.Stillpoliticianswanttoshowthey'redoingsomething.ConsidertheKyotoProtocol京都议定书.Itallowedcountriesthatjoinedtopunishthosethatdidn't.Butithasn'treducedC02emissionsupabout25%since1990andmanysignatories签字国didn'tadopttoughenoughpoliciestohittheir2008-2012targets.Thepracticalconclusionisthatifglobalwarmingisapotentialdisastertheonlysolutionisnewtechnology.Onlyanaggressiveresearchanddevelopmentprogrammightfindwaysofbreakingourdependenceonfossilfuelsordealingwithit.Thetroublewiththeglobalwarmingdebateisthatithasbecomeamoralproblemwhenit'sreallyanengineeringonE.Theinconvenienttruthisthatifwedon’tsolvetheengineeringproblemwe’rehelpless.47.Accordingtotheauthor'sunderstandingwhatisAlGore'sviewonglobalwarming?A.Itisarealitybothpeopleandpoliticiansareunawareof.B.Itisaphenomenonthatcausesusmanyinconveniences.C.ItisaproblemthatcanbesolvedonceitisrecognizeD.D.Itisanareaweactuallyhavelittleknowledgeabout.48.Greenhouseemissionswillmorethandoubleby2050becauseof___________A.economicgrowthB.wastefuluseofenergyC.thewideninggapbetweentherichandpoorD.therapidadvancesofscienceandtechnology49.TheauthorbelievesthatsincethesigningoftheKyotoProtocol__________A.politicianshavestartedtodosomethingtobetterthesituationB.fewnationshaveadoptedrealtoughmeasurestolimitenergyuseC.reductionsinenergyconsumptionhavegreatlycutbackglobalwarmingD.internationalcooperationhascontributedtosolvingenvironmentalproblems50.Whatisthemessagetheauthorintendstoconvey?A.GlobalwarmingismoreofamoralissuethanapracticalonE.B.Thefinalsolutiontoglobalarmingliesinnewtechnology.C.Thedebateoverglobalwarmingwillleadtotechnologicalbreakthroughs.D.Peoplehavetogiveupcertainmaterialcomfortstostopglobalwarming.

Mereisanastonishingandsignificantfact:Mentalworkalonecan’tmakeustireD.ItsoundsabsurD.Butafewyearsagoscientiststriedtofindouthowlongthehumanbraincouldlaborwithoutreachingastageoffatigue疲劳.Totheamazementofthesescientiststheydiscoveredthatbloodpassingthroughthebrainwhenitisactiveshowsnofatigueatall!Ifwetookadropofbloodfromadaylaborerwewouldfinditfulloffatiguetoxins毒素andfatigueproducts.ButifwetookbloodfromthebrainofanAlbertEinsteinitwouldshownofatiguetoxinsattheendoftheday.Sofarasthebrainisconcerneditcanworkaswellandswiftlyattheendofeightoreventwelvehoursofeffortasatthebeginning.Thebrainistotallytireless.Sowhatmakesustired?Somescientistsdeclarethatmostofourfatiguecomesfromourmentalandemotional情感的attitudes.OneofEngland’smostoutstandingscientistsJ.A.HadfieldsaysThegreaterpartofthefatiguefromwhichwesufferisofmentalorigin.InfactfatigueofpurelyphysicaloriginisrarE.Dr.BrillafamousAmericanscientistgoesevenfurther.HedeclaresOnehundredpercentofthefatigueofasittingworkeringoodhealthisduetoemotionalproblems.Whatkindsofemotionsmakesittingworkerstired?Joy?Satisfaction?No!A.feelingofbeingboredangeranxietytensenessworryafeelingofnotbeingappreciated-thosearetheemotionsthattiresittingworkers.HardworkbyitselfseldomcausesfatiguE.Wegettiredbecauseouremotionsproducenervousnessinthebody.64.Whatsurprisedthescientistsafewyearsago?A.Fatiguetoxinscouldhardlybefoundinalaborer’sblooD.B.AlbertEinsteindidn’tfeelwornoutafteraday’swork.C.ThebraincouldworkformanyhourswithoutfatiguE.D.Amentalworker’sbloodwasfilledwithfatiguetoxins.65.Accordingtotheauthorwhichofthefollowingcanmakesittingworkerstired?A.Challengingmentalwork.B.Unpleasantemotions.C.Endlesstasks.D.Physicallabor.66.What'stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthescientists’ideas?A.Heagreeswiththem.B.Hedoubtsthem.C.Hearguesagainstthem.D.Hehesitatestoacceptthem.67.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatinordertostayenergeticsittingworkersneedto_____.A.havesomegoodfoodB.enjoytheirworkC.exerciseregularlyD.discoverfatiguetoxins

LaptopcomputersarepopularallovertheworlD.Peopleusethemontrainsandairplanesinairportsandhotels.TheselaptopsconnectpeopletotheirworkplacE.IntheUnitedStatestodaylaptopsalsoconnectstudentstotheirclassrooms.WestlakeCollegeinVirginiawillstartalaptopcomputerprogramthatallowsstudentstodoschoolworkanywheretheywant.Withinfiveyearseachofthe1500studentsatthecollegewillreceivealaptop.Thelaptopsarepartofa＄10millioncomputerprogramatWestlakea110-year-oldcollegE.ThestudentswithlaptopswillalsohaveaccesstotheInternet.Inadditiontheywillbeabletousee-mailtospeakwiththeirteacherstheirclassmatesandtheirfamilies.Howeverthemostimportantpartofthelaptopprogramisthatstudentswillbeabletousecomputerswithoutgoingtocomputerlabs.Theycanworkwithitathomeinafast-foodrestaurantorunderthetrees——anywhereatall!BecauseofthemanychangesincomputertechnologylaptopuseinhighereducationsuchascollegesanduniversitiesisworkablE.Aslaptopsbecomemorepowerfultheybecomemoresimilartodesktopcomputers.InadditiontheportablecomputerscanconnectstudentstonotonlytheInternetbutalsolibrariesandotherresources.Statehigher-educationofficialsarestudyinghowlaptopscanhelpstudents.Stateofficialsarealsotestinglaptopprogramsatotheruniversitiestoo.AtWestlakeCollegemorethan60percentofthestaffusecomputers.Thelaptopswillallowallteacherstousecomputersintheirlessons.AsoneWestlaketeachersaidHereweareinthemiddleofVirginiaandwe’regivingstudentsawindowontheworld.Theycanseeeverythinganddoeverything.55.Themainpurposeofthelaptopprogramistogiveeachstudentalaptopto________.A.usefortheirschoolworkB.searchtheInternetC.workathomeD.connectthemtolibraries56.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutWestlakeCollege?A.Allteachersusecomputers.B.1500studentshavelaptops.C.ItisanoldcollegeinAmericA.D.Studentstherecandoeverything.57.awindowontheworldinthelastparagraphmeansthatstudentscan________.A.attendlecturesoninformationtechnologyB.travelaroundtheworldC.getinformationfromaroundtheworldD.havefreelaptops58.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.TheprogramisterriblE.B.TheprogramisnotworkablE.C.TheprogramistooexpensivE.D.Wedon’tknowtheresultyet.

Whatwillpeopledieof100yearsfromnowIfyouthinkthatisnotasimplequestionyouhavenotbeenpayingattentiontotherevolutionthatistakingplaceinbio­technology生物技术.WiththehelpofnewmedicinethehumanbodywilllastaverylongtimE.Deathwillcomemainlyfromaccidentsmurderandwar.Today'sleadingkillerssuchasheartdiseasecancerandagingitselfwillbecomedistantmemories.IndiscussionoftechnologicalchangestheInternetgetsmostoftheattentionthesedays.Butthechangeinmedicinecanbetherealtechnologicaleventofourtimes.HowlongcanhumansliveHumanbrainswereknowntodecidethefinaldeath.Cellsarethebasicunitsofalllivingthingsanduntilrecentlyscientistsweresurethatthelifeofcellscouldnotgomuchbeyond120yearsbecausethebasicmaterialsofcellssuchasthoseofbraincellswouldnotlastforever.ButtheupperlimitswillbebrokenbynewmedicinE.Sometimebetween2050and2100medicinewillhaveadvancedtothepointatwhichevery10yearsorsopeoplewillbeabletotakemedicinetorepairtheirorgans.Themedicinemadeupofthebasicbuildingmaterialsoflifewillbuildnewbraincellsheartcellsandsoon－inmuchthesamewayourbodiesmakenewskincellstotaketheplaceofoldones.ItisexcitingtoimagingthattheadvanceintechnologymaybechangingthemostbasicconditionofhumanexistencebutmanytechnicalproblemsstillmustbecleareduponthewaytothiswonderfulfuturE.68.Accordingtothepassagehumandeathisnowmainlycausedby.A.diseasesandagingB.accidentsandwarC.accidentsandagingD.heartdiseaseandwar69.Humansmaylivelongerinthefuturebecause.A.heartdiseasewillbefarawayfromusB.humanbrainscandecidethefinaldeathC.thebasicmaterialsofcellswilllastforeverD.humanorganscanberepairedbynewmedicine70Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.A.humanlifewillnotlastmorethan120yearsinthefutureB.humanshavetotakemedicinetobuildnewskincellsnowC.muchneedstobedonebeforehumanscanhavealongerlifeD.wehavealreadysolvedthetechnicalproblemsinbuildingnewcells

Atnightbatsflythroughtheaircatchinghundredsofinsectsandothersmallanimals.Butduringthedaytheyhardlymoveatall.Insteadbatspassthetimehangingupsidedownfromasecretspot.Thereareacoupleofreasonswhybatsrestthisway.Firstofallitputstheminapositionfortakeoff.Unlikebirdsbatscan’tflyintotheairfromthegrounD.Theirwingsdon’tproduceenoughlifttotakeofffromadeadstopandtheirhindlegsaresosmallandunderdevelopedthattheycan’truntobuildupthenecessarytakeoffspeeD.Insteadtheyusetheirfrontclawstoclimbtoahighspotandthenfallintoflight.Duringthehourswhenmostenemiesareactivebatsgatherwherefewanimalswouldthinktolookandmostcan’treach.Thisallowsthemtodisappearfromtheworlduntilnightcomesagain.There’salsolittlecompetitionfortheserestingspotsasotherflyinganimalsdon’thavetheabilitytohangupsidedown.Batshaveauniquephysiologicaladaptationthatletsthemhangaroundthiswaywithoutusinganyenergy.Foryoutoholdyourfistaroundanobjecttightyoucontract紧缩severalmusclesinyourarmwhichareconnectedtoyourfingersbytendons腱asonemusclecontractsitpullsatendonwhichpullsoneofyourfingerscloseD.A.bat’stalons爪closeinthesamewayexceptthattheirtendonsareconnectedonlytotheupperbodynottoamusclE.Tohangupsidedownabatpullsitsclawsopenwithothermuscles.Togetthetalonstotakeholdofthesurfacethebatsimplyletsitsbodyrelax.Theweightoftheupperbodypullsdownonthetendonsconnectedtothetalonscausingthemtoholdtight.Thereforethebatdoesn’thavetodoanythingtohangupsidedown.59.Batshangupsidedownbecause________.A.theyhaven’tdevelopedapairofstrongclawsB.theycan’tstarttoflyfromthegrounddirectlyC.theyhavenohindlegstosupporttheirbodyD.theycan’tfindquietplacestostayduringtheday60.Thethirdparagraphtellsusthatbats’hangingupsidedown_______.A.istosavetheirenergyfornightmovementB.isawaytofightagainstflyinganimalsC.isagreatwaytohidefromdangerD.isaskilltocompetefortheflyingplaces61.Whycanbatshangupsidedowneasily?A.Becausetheirupperbodyislight.B.Becausetheyhavestrongmuscles.C.Becausetheirtalonsarelinkedtomusclestightly.D.Becausetheirtendonsarelinkedtotheirupperbody.62.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Thelivinghabitsofbats.B.Howandwhybatshangupsidedown.C.Theimportanceofbats’hangingupsidedown.D.Howbatsusetheirenergyatnight.

Whileonlyabout200astronautshavehadtheexcitementoflookingdownatEarthandcommandingsystemsontheInternationalSpaceStationactuallythousandsofeverydaymiddle-schoolstudentshaveexperiencedbyMiddleSchoolStudentsorEarthKAMacamerasystem.EarthKAMisaneducationalactivityandoutreach扩展investigationthatalsoresultsintemoteEarthsensingandobservation.UsingtheInternetthestudentscontrolaspecialdigitalcamerafixedaboardthespacestationenablingthemtophotographtheEarth'scosastlitnesmountainrangesandothergeographicitemsofinterestfromtheuniqueadvantagepointofspacE.WhileEarthKAMoffersapowerfulwayforstudentstoinvestigateEarthfromtheuniqueperspectiveofspaceitisalsoinspiringthenextgenerationofflightcontrollersforspaceprograms---involvinguniversitystudentstocontrolandoperatethecamerasystemandrelatedactivitiesfromthegrounD.IntheinterviewBrionAuoneoftheinvestigationdevelopersatNASA'sJohnsonSpaceCentresaidEarthKAMisapayload有效载荷bystudentsforstudents.TheyareinchaergE.Thissystemprovidesaviewpointthattheastronautshaveit'sjustawe-inspiring!Sofarstudentshavecapturedmorethan40000photosoftheEarthfromthespacestationasitorbitedtheEarthonceevery90minutestravelingat17500milesanhour.TheteamatEarthKAMpoststhesephotographsonlineforthepublicandparticipatingclassroomsaroundtheworldtoview.AuexplainsthatthiseducationinvestigationisinspiringstudentstoexploretheworldbyexaminingEarthwhilepromotionsocialstudiesartgeographysciencetechnologyandmathDRSallyRideoriginallyflyingontheshuttles.ThecameraislocatedinthewindowObservationalResearchFacilityalsoknownastheWORFoneofmanythestation'sresearchfacilities.71.Howhavethousandsofstudentsexperiencedsimilarexcitementasastronauts?A.Inthespacestation.B.Inthespaceship.C.Usingacamerasystem.D.Teamingupwithastronauts.72.Whatequipmentshouldthestudentsneedfortheresearch?A.Computer.B.Recorder.C.TelephonE.D.Radios.73.Whatdoesn'tbelongtothenextgenerationofflightcontrollersforspaceprograms?A.Universitystudents'controllingthecamerasystem.B.Universitystudents'operatingthecamerasystem.C.Universitystudents'relatedactivitiesfromthegrounD.D.Universitystudents'investigatingEarthfromspacE.74.WhoareresponsibleforEarthKAM?A.Theastronauts.B.Thestudents.C.Theinvestigationdevelopers.D.Theteachers.75.What'sthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.DR.SallyRideexplainsthedetailsofEarthKAMB.WhytheteamatEarthKAMpoststhesephotographsonlinE.C.EarthKAMprovidesaviewpointthattheastronautshavE.D.BrionAuexplainsthedetailsofEarthKAM.

Ibelievethatanimalspossessgreaterintelligencethanmostpeoplethink.Butplants?I'veneverconsideredthepossibilityofplantintelligencE.Theideaseemsabsurd.YetI'vehadfriendsarguethatplantintelligencemightexist.Whatarethedifferencesbetweenplantsandanimals?theyaskandthentheyargueaboutcertainspeciesthatseemtosharetheintelligenceofbothplantsandanimals.Newresearchsuggeststhatplantscommunicatevianetworks.Plantcommunicationisnotideaandcannotindicatethatitisakindofintelligencebutitisstillinteresting.RecentresearchfromVidiresearcherJosefStueferattheRadboudUniversityNijmegenshowsthatplantshavetheirownchatsystemsthattheycanusetowarneachother.Thereforeplantsarenotboringandpassiveorganismsthatjuststandtherewaitingtobecutdownoreatenup.Manyplantsforminternalcommunicationnetworksandareabletoexchangeinformationnetworksandareabletoexchangeinformationefficiently.Manyherbalplantssuchasstrawberriesandclovers兰叶草naturallyformnetworks.Individualplantsremainconnectedwitheachotherforacertainperiodoftimebymeansofrunnersplantstemsthatgrowalongthegroundandputdownrootstoformnewplants.Theseconnectionsenabletheplantstoshareinformationwitheachotherviainternalchannels.Theyarethereforeverysimilartocomputernetworks.Butwhatdoplantschattoeachotherabout?RecentlyStueferandhiscolleagueswerethefirsttoprovethatcloverplantswarneachotherviathenetworklinksifdangerisnearby.Ifoneoftheplantsisattackedbycaterpillars毛虫theothermembersofthenetworkarewarnedviaaninternalsignal.Oncewarnedtheintact完好无损的plantsstrengthentheirchemicalandmechanicaicl机体的resistancesothattheyarelessattractivetoadvancingcaterpillars.Thankstothisearlywarningsystemtheplantscanstayonestepaheadoftheirattackers.Theresearchhasshownthatthissignificantlylimitsthedamagetotheplants.AgainIdon'tbelievethisreflectsintelligence56.Theauthorthinksthattheplantcommunication__________A.isabsolutelyanewideaB.isasignofplantintelligenceC.isrelatedtoanimalcommunicationD.isinterestingandfascinating57.Cleverplantswarneachotherwhendangerisnearbyby____________A.makingsoundsB.releasingchemicalsC.strengtheningmechanicalresistanceD.sendinginternalsignals58.Theauthor'sattitudetowardsplantintelligenceis___________A.unconcernedB.doubtfulC.positiveD.hopeful.59.What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.DoesPlantCommunicationReallyExist?B.SomeDiscoveriesAboutCloverPlantC.DoesPlantCommunicationImplyIntelligence?D.A.NewStudyonPlantCommunication

AcoldbreezewasblowingacrosstheMutiusinazitavalleys.IhuddledclosetotheshelterofalargebaobabtreeinauselessattempttoescapethecolD.Iwaslookingafterasmallherdofgoatsinthevalley.AnideasuddenlycametomeandIdecidedtoembarkonanadventureinthesacredforestandhuntleavingmygoatsinthevalley.Itookmyknobkerrieandsmallspearandenteredtheforest.FortwohoursIhuntedandonlymanagedtokillasmallhareandtwobirds.Idecidedtocheckthegoats.Suddenlytherewasaterrificroarfromtheheartoftheforestwhichresultedineverylivingcreatureescapingforlifelikeagroupoffrightenedchildren.AsformeIjuststoodrootedtothespotonwhichIwasstanding.A.lionappearedfromthetrees.Iwastooterrifiedtoescapeforlifeorfalldown.Ijustdefecatedandurinatedonmyself大小便失禁andmyheartthrobbedasifitwasgoingtofinditswayoutofmychest.ThelionstoppedafewmetersfrommeandIrealizedthatitwasafrightenedlionwhichhadeludeddeathbythegunofhunters.Someofmycouragereducedthefearscreamedlikethehistoricalmad-manofLondon.Iclosedmyeyesandwaitedforthefateofbeingeaten.ButnothinghappeneD.Iopenedmyeyesfearfullyandstaredatwhatthelionwasdoinginamazement.Thelionwasfleeingfrommeasifthedevilwereafterit.Myscreamhadfrightenedit.ItooktomyheelsasifSatanhimselfwasaftermewithanedgedfork.Iwillneverforgetthatadventure.56.Whatdoyouthinktheauthordoesaccordingtothestory?A.hunterB.shepherdboyC.adventurerD.wildanimalprotector57.TheunderlinephraseembarkoninparA.2means.A.giveinB.makeupC.takeoffD.engagein58.WhenIheardtheroarI.A.wasbraveenoughtoscreamatit.B.wassofrightenedthatIescapedatonceC.wasterrifiedandfelldowntothegrounD.D.wastooscaredtomovE.59.Whatcanweknowaboutthefrightenedlion?A.Thelionletoutafearscreamwhilefleeing.B.ThelionwasfollowedbythedevilnamedSatan.C.Thelionwasscaredbytheillegalhunters.D.Thelionateallthegoatsinthevalley.60.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.A.IwasluckyenoughtosurvivethisadventurE.B.ItookoffmyheelswhenImetwiththelion.C.Iwitnessedthedevilrunningafterthelion.D.Ikilledalionandtwobirdswithaspear.

Theweatherisgettinghotterandyou’llbegettingthirstierplayingbasketballorridinghomefromschool.A.colddrinkmaybejustthething.Butbecarefulwhatyoupourdownyourthroat.Somethingthatlookscoolmaynotbegoodforyourhealth.Thereareplentyofso-calledenergydrinksonthemarket.MostofthemhaveanattractivecolourandcoolnamE.Theirnutritionlistalsocontainsvariousthingsfromvitaminstoginseng.Soundsgreat!ButafteracarefulcheckyoumayfindthatmostenergydrinkscontainhighlevelsofcaffeinE.Thesedrinksaretypicallyaimedatyoungpeoplestudentsbusypeopleandsportsplayers.MakerssometimessaytheirdrinksmakeyoubetteratsportsandcankeepyouawakE.Butbecarefulnottodrinktoomuch.Caffeineraisesyourheartbeat.BecauseofthistheInternationalOlympicCommitteehaslimitedtheirusE.TheamountofcaffeineinmostenergydrinksisatleastashighasinastrongcupofcoffeeorstrongteA.ResearchbyAustralianscientistshasfoundthatmanyteenagersareaffectedbycaffeinE.Theresultsoftheirsurveyshowthat27percentofboysaged8-12takeinmorecaffeinethantheirparents.Therearepotentialhealthriskslinkedtoenergydrinks.Justonecanofenergydrinkcanmakeyounervoushavedifficultysleepingandcanevencauseheartattacks.58.Generallypeoplewouldliketo.A.takevitaminsB.eatginsengC.haveacolddrinkD.haveameal59.TheInternationalOlympicCommitteelimittheuseofcaffeinebecause.A.itmakesyoubetteratsportsB.itcankeepyouawakeC.itcanmakeyounervousD.itmakeyourheartbeatfast60.Thewritermentionsthefactthat27percentofboysaged8-12takeinmorecaffeinethantheirparentstoshowthat.A.caffeinehasaneffectonmanyteenagersB.parentsshouldtakeinmorecaffeineC.thecaffeineproblemisnotseriousD.thegrown-upstakelesscaffeinethanchildren

IntellectualpropertyIPisaproductofthemindthathascommercialvaluE.Theconceptdatesbackto1623whenthefirstpatentlawtoprotectIPrightswaspasseD.IPrightsprotectanartistfromhavinghis/hercreativeideascopiedbyanother.ForexampleifsomebodygeneratesanideaforanovelthatideaisprotectedbyIPrights.Ifsomeoneelsewishestorepresenttheideaordevelopitfurtherhe/shemustconsulttheoriginalartistswhowillnormallyberewardedfinanciallyforitsusE.Backinthe17thcenturyIPrightswereprimarilycarriedouttoprotectnewlydevelopedmanufacturingprocessesagainststealing.ButtodayintellectualpropertyrightsarealsoenjoyedbythosewhocreatemusicartandliteraturE.InrecentyearsIPrightshavebeenthefocusofagreatdealofdiscussionbecauseofatechnologywhichseemstoweakenthemaltogether:theInternet.Manyyearsagoifyouwantedarecordingofasongyouwouldhavetopurchaseitfromamusicstore;ifanovelfromabookstorE.InthosedaysIPrightswereeasilyprotectedsinceitwasverydifficulttoobtainintellectualpropertywithoutpayingforit.HoweveralotofIPincludingsongsfilmsbooksandartworkcanbedownloadedtodayfreeofchargeusingtheInternet.ThispracticehasnowtakentheworldbystormdramaticallyaffectingthewayinwhichweviewIPrights.64.AccordingtothewriterinthebeginningIPrightsweremainlyofuseto______.A.thosecreatingmusicartandliteratureB.engineersandinventorsC.novelistsD.thosenotreceivingfinancialrewardfortheirwork65.WhatdoweknowabouttheInternetaccordingtothepassage?A.ItmakesIPrightshardertoprotect.B.Itsellssongsandfilms.C.ItdoesnotaffectthewayweunderstandIPrights.D.Itpreventstheproductionofartwork.66.Accordingtoparagraph2whathastakentheworldbystorm?A.Intellectualpropertyrights.B.TheInternet.C.Freedownloading.D.Thelargenumberofsongsfilmsandbooks.

Lifeonearthdependsonwaterandthereisnosubstituteforit.Thecurrentassumptionisthatourbasicneedsforwater—whetherfordrinkingagricultureindustryortheraisingoffish—willalwayshavetobemet.Giventhispremise前提therearetwobasicrouteswecango;moreequalaccesstowaterorbetterengineeringsolutions.Lookattheengineeringsolutionsfirst.A.lotofmyresearchconcentratesonwhathappenstowetlandswhenyoubuilddamsinriverbasinsparticularlyinAfricA.Theecologyofsuchareasisalmostentirelydrivenbytheseasonalchangesoftheriver—thepulseofthewater.Andthefactisthatifyoubuildadamyougenerallyspoilthedownstreamecology.Inthepastsuchproblemshavebeenhiddenbyalackofinformation.ButinthenearfuturegovernmentswillhavenoexcusesfortheirignorancE.Theengineers’abilitytocontrolwaterflowshascreatednewkindsofunpredictabilitytoo.DamsinAfricahavemeantfewerfishlessgrazingandlessfloodplain洪泛区agriculturenoneofwhichwereexpecteD.Andthereaverageeconomiclifeisassumedtobethirtyyears.Damsdon’texistforeverbutwhatwillreplacethemisnotclear.Thechallengeforthefutureistofindnewmeansofcontrollingwater.AlthoughGMtechnology转基因willallowustobreedbetterdry-landcropsthereisnomarketforcompaniestodevelopcropssuitableforthemicro-climatesoftheSahelandelsewhereinAfricA.WhoisgoingtopayforresearchonlocallyappropriatecropsintheThirdWorld?56.What’sthemainideaofthispassage?A.Theengineeringsolutionstowaterresourceandtheirlimitation.B.ThechallengeforthefuturE.C.Thebasicmeansofcontrollingwater.D.Thechallengefordevelopingcrops.57.Theauthorsuggeststhatgovernmentswillhavenoexcusefortheircarelessignoranceinthefuturebecause_____.A.TheecologicaldestructionwillbeknowntothepublicbyresearchersB.TheecologicaldestructionwillnolongerbeaprobleminthefutureC.ThefutureisaninformationageD.Governmentswillfacegreaterchallengeinthefuture58.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueformeetingourbasicneedsforwater?A.Waterresourceshouldbeusedmorereasonably.B.Moredamsshouldbebuiltinriverbasins.C.Morewetlandsshouldbeprotectedfromdestruction.D.Moredry-landcropscouldbedevelopedinAfricA.59.Thelastsentenceprobablyimpliesthat_____.A.NoonewillinvestindevelopinglocallyappropriatecropsinAfricaB.Researchershavenointerestindevelopingdry-landcropsC.ResearchonlocallyappropriatecropsintheThirdWorldmaybeprofitableD.ThereislesswaterresourceintheThirdWorld

AstherailroadsandthehighwaysshapedtheAmericanWestinthepastcenturiesanewelectricalgenerating发电andtransmission输送systemforthe21stcenturywillleavealastingmarkontheWestforbetterorworsE.Muchoftherealsignificanceofrailroadsandhighwaysisnotintheirdirectphysicaleffectonthescenerybutinthewaysthattheyaffectthesurroundingcommunity.ThesameistrueofbigsolarplantsandthepowerlinesthatwillbelaiddowntomoveelectricityarounD.The19thcenturysawlandgrants政府拨地offeredtorailroadcompaniestobuildthetranscontinentalrailroadsleavingpubliclandinbetweenprivatelyownedlanD.InmuchoftheWestsomeoftherailroadsectionsweredevelopedwhileothersremainedundevelopedandinbothcasesthelandownershiphaspresenteduniquechallengestolandmanagement.WiththecompletionoftheinterstatehighwaysystemmanyofthesmalltownswhichsprangupasrailwaystopsanddevelopedwellhavelosttheirlifebloodanddieD.BigsolarplantsandtheirpowerlineswillalsohaveeffectsfarbeyondtheirdirectfootprintintheWest.Thisisnotanargumentagainstbuildingthem.Weneedalternativeenergybadlyandtoreallytakeadvantageofitweneedtobeabletomoveelectricityaroundfarmorereadilythanwecannow.Sotrade-offswillhavetobemadE.SomescenicspotswillbesacrificeD.Somespecies物种willbeforcedtomoveorwillbecarefullymovedtospecialaccommodations.Dealswillbestrucktoreducetheimmediateeffects.Thelastingeffectsofthesetrade-offsareanothermatter.The21stcenturydevelopmentoftheAmericanWestasanidealplaceforalternativeenergyisgoingtothrowoffalotofpowerandmoneyintheregion.TherearechancesforthatpowerandmoneytodoalotofgooD.Butitisjustaslikelythattheywillbespentwastefullyandwillleavenewproblemsbehindjustliketherailroadsandthehighways.Themoneysetasideinnegotiatedtrade-offsandtheinstitutionsthatcontrolitwillshapetheWestfarbeyondtheimmediatefootprintofpowerplantsandtransmissionlines.Solet’sremembertheeffectsoftherailroadsandthehighwaysasweconstructthesenewpowerplantsintheWest.68.Whatwastheproblemcausedbytheconstructionoftherailways?A.SmalltownsalongtherailwaysbecameabandoneD.B.LandintheWestwashardtomanagE.C.SomerailroadstopsremainedunderuseD.D.Landgrantswentintoprivatehands.69.Whatisthemajorconcerninthedevelopmentofalternativeenergyaccordingtothelasttwoparagraphs?A.Theuseofmoneyandpower.B.Thetransmissionofpower.C.Theconservationofsolarenergy.D.TheselectionofanidealplacE.70.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsbuildingsolarplants?A.Disapproving.B.Approving.C.Doubtful.D.Cautious.71.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowtheRailwaysHaveAffectedtheWestB.HowtheEffectsofPowerPlantsCanBeReducedC.HowSolarEnergyCouldReshapetheWestD.HowtheProblemsoftheHighwaysHaveBeenSettled

Batteriescanpoweranythingfromsmallsensorstolargesystems.Whilescientistsarefindingwaystomakethemsmallerbutevenmorepowerfulproblemscanarisewhenthesebatteriesaremuchlargerandheavierthanthedevicesthemselves.UniversityofMissouriMUresearchersaredevelopinganuclearenergysourcethatissmallerlighterandmoreefficient.Toprovideenoughpowerweneedcertainmethodswithhighenergydensity密度saidJaeKwonassistantprofessorofelectricalandcomputerengineeringatMU.Theradioisotope放射性同位素batterycanprovidepowerdensitythatismuchhigherthanchemicalbatteries.Kwonandhisresearchteamhavebeenworkingonbuildingasmallnuclearbatterypresentlythesizeandthicknessofapennyintendedtopowervariousmicro/nanoelectromechanicalsystemsM/NEMS.AlthoughnuclearbatteriescancauseconcernsKwonsaidtheyaresafe.Peopleheartheword‘nuclear’andthinkofsomethingverydangeroushesaidHowevernuclearpowersourceshavealreadybeensafelypoweringavarietyofdevicessuchaspace-makersspacesatellitesandunderwatersystems.Hisnewideaisnotonlyinthebattery’ssizebutalsoinitssemiconductor半导体.Kwon’sbatteryusesaliquidsemiconductorratherthanasolidsemiconductor.Thekeypartofusingaradioactivebatteryisthatwhenyouharvesttheenergypartoftheradiationenergycandamagethelatticestructure晶体结构ofthesolidsemiconductorKwonsaidByusingaliquidsemiconductorwebelievewecanminimizethatproblem.TogetherwithJ..DavidRobertsonchemistryprofessorandassociatedirectoroftheMUResearchReactorKwonisworkingtobuildandtestthebattery.Inthefuturetheyhopetoincreasethebattery’spowershrinkitssizeandtrywithvariousothermaterials.Kwonsaidthatbatterycouldbethinnerthanthethicknessofhumanhair.67.Thetextismostprobablya________.A.sciencenewsreportB.bookreviewC.newspaperadD.sciencefiction68.Liquidsemiconductorisusedto_________.A.getridoftheradioactivewasteB.testthepowerofnuclearbatteries.C.decreasethesizeofnuclearbatteriesD.reducethedamagetolatticestructure.69.AccordingtoJaeKwonhisnuclearbattery_______.A.usesasolidsemiconductorB.willsoonreplacethepresentones.C.couldbeextremelythinD.haspassedthefinaltest.70.JaeKwongaveexamplesinParagraph4_________.A.toshowchemicalbatteriesarewidelyapplied.B.tointroducenuclearbatteriescanbesafelyused.C.todescribeanuclear-poweredsystem.D.tointroducevariousenergysources.

Forsometimepastithasbeenwidelyacceptedthatbabies—andothercreatures—learntodothingsbecausecertainactsleadtorewards.Itusedalsotobewidelybelievedthateffectiverewardatleastintheearlystageshadtobedirectlyrelatedtosuchbasicphysiologicaldrivesasthirstorhunger.InotherwordsababywouldlearnifhegotfoodordrinkofsomesortofphysicalcomfortnototherwisE.Itisnowclearthatthisisnotso.BabieswilllearntobehaveinwaysthatproduceresultswithnorewardexceptthesuccessfuloutcomE.Papousekbeganhisstudiesbyusingmilkinthenormalwaytorewardthebabiesandsoteachthemtocarryoutsomesimplemovementssuchasturningtheheadtoonesideortheother.ThenhenoticedthatababywhohadhadenoughtodrinkwouldrefusethemilkbutwouldstillgoonmakingthelearnedresponsewithclearsignsofpleasurE.Sohebegantostudythechildren’sresponsesinsituationswherenomilkwasprovideD.Hequicklyfoundthatchildrenasyoungasfourmonthswouldlearntoturntheirheadstorightorleftifthemovementswitchedonadisplayoflights—andindeedthattheyhadtheabilitytolearnquitecomplexturnstobringaboutthisresultforinstancetwoleftortworightoreventomakeasmanyasthreeturnstoonesidE.Papusek’slightdisplaywasplaceddirectlyinfrontofthebabiesandhemadetheinterestingobservationthatsometimestheywouldnotturnbacktowatchthelightscloselyalthoughtheywouldsmileandbubblewhenthedisplaycameon.Papousekconcludedthatitwasnotprimarilythesightofthelightswhichpleasedthemitwasthesuccesstheywereachievinginsolvingtheprobleminmasteringtheskillandthatthereexistsafundamentalhumanurgetomakesenseoftheworldandbringitunderintentionalcontrol.63.Accordingtotheauthorbabieslearntodothingswhich______.A.aredirectlyrelatedtopleasureB.willbringthemafeelingofsuccessC.willmeettheirphysicalneedsD.willsatisfytheircuriosity64.Papouseknoticedinhisstudiesthatababywould______.A.makelearnedresponseswhenitsawthemilkB.carryoutlearnedmovementswhenithadenoughtodrinkC.continuethesimplemovementswithoutbeinggivenmilkD.turnitsheadtorightorleftwhenithadenoughtodrink65.Thebabieswouldsmileandbubbleatthelightsbecause______.A.thelightsweredirectlyrelatedtosomebasicdrivesB.thesightofthelightswasinterestingC.theyneednotturnbacktowatchthelightsD.theysucceededinswitchingonthelights66.AccordingtoPapousekthebabies’pleasureinachievingsomethingisareflectionof_____.A.abasichumandesiretounderstandandcontroltheworldB.thesatisfactionofcertainphysiologicalneedsC.theirstrongdesiretosolvecomplexproblemsD.afundamentalhumanurgetodisplaytheirlearnedskills

Usingtoomuchwaterorthrowingrubbishintoourriversareclearwaysthathumanscanputourwatersupplyindangerbutwealsoaffectourwatersupplyinlessobviousways.Youmaywonderhowpaving铺砌aroadcanleadtolessusablefreshwater.A.majorpartofthewaterweuseeverydayisgroundwater.Groundwaterdoesnotcomefromlakesorrivers.ItcomesfromundergrounD.Themoreroadsandparkinglotswepavethelesswatercanflowintothegroundtobecomegroundwater.Hunanactivityisnotresponsibleforallwatershortages短缺.Drierclimatesareofcoursemorelikelytohavedroughts干旱thanareaswithmorerainfallbutinanycasegoodmanagementcanhelptomakesurethereisenoughwatertomeetourbasicneeds.Thinkingaboutthewayweusewatereverydaycanmakeabigdifferencetoo.IntheUnitedStatesafamilyoffourcanuse1.5tonsofwateraday!Thisshowshowmuchdependonwatertolivebutthere’salotwecandotolowerthenumber.YoucantakestepstosavewaterinyouhomE.Tostartwithusethesameglassfordrinkingwaterallday.Washitonlyonceaday.Runyourdishwasheronlywhenitisfull.HelpyourparentsfixanyleaksinyourhomE.Youcanevenhelptokeepourwatersupplycleanbyrecyclingbatteriesinsteadofthrowingthemaway.60.Whichofthefollowingismostlikelytoleadtolessgroundwater?A.Usingriverwater.B.Throwingbatteriesaway.C.Pavingparkinglots.D.Throwingrubbishintolakes.61.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Allwatershortagesareduetohumanbehavior.B.Ittakesalotofefforttomeetourwaterneeds.C.ThereismuchwecandotoreducefamilysizE.D.TheaveragefamilyinAmericamakesproperuseofwater.63.Thelastparagraphisintendedto_______.A.showushowtofixleaksathomeB.tellushowtorunadishwaterC.provewhatdrinkingglassisbestforus.D.suggestwhatwedotosavewaterathome64.Thetextismainlyabout________.A.whypavingroadsreduceourwaterB.howmuchwedependonwatertoliveC.whydroughtsoccurmoreindryclimatesD.howhumanactivityaffectsourwatersupply

DoyouwanttovisitWarwickCastleinBritain?Warwickisafriendlyandamemorableexperiencewithsomethingforallages.Easilyaccessiblebycarbustraincyclingoronfootitissurroundedbyhistoricbuildingsandnumerousattractions.TicketPrices&OffersLookatouronlineoffersWarwick-CastlE.comistheonlyplacetopurchasetheUltimateCastleandTheCastleDungeonTicketatthebestpricE.Onlinebookingsmustbemade24hoursbeforeyouvisit.PleasenotethatAdmissiontoTheCastleDungeonisNOTincludedwithStandardonlineoronthedaytickets.TherearelimitedDungeonticketsavailableandonlyfromWarwick-CastlE.com.PleasebookinadvancetoguaranteeyourCastleDungeonexperiencE.OneDayTicketsBookingonlineisthebestwaytogetyourticketsforBritain’sUltimateCastlE.Save20%andskiptheticketqueuewhenyouarrive—itcouldn’tbeeasier!Ifyou’renotsurewhenyouwanttovisitthendon’tworry—youcanstillbookaFlexiTicket—valid有效的foranydaythatthecastleisopenduring2012.OneDayTicketsexcludingtheCastleDungeonTicketTypesOnthedayOnlinePriceAdult￡19.95￡14.36Child4~6yearsold￡11.95￡9.56Seniormorethan60yearsold￡13.95￡11.16Student￡12.95￡10.36DisabledChild￡5.00￡4.0TheUltimateFamilyTicket2adults+2children￡55.00￡47.00Buyticketsonlinenow!ImportantnotesonticketingPleasenotethatifyouwishtovisittheCastleusinganon-the-daypromotionalvoucher票券yourDungeonexperiencecanbeprebookedbycalling08704422375.A.￡1.50feeappliestoallbookingsmadeonlineandviatelephone—onefeeperbooking.Childrenmustbeaccompaniedbyanadult.Groupratesareavailableforgroupsofmorethan10people.Groupticketscanbebookedbycalling08704422371oronlinE.Onlinebookingsmustbemade24hoursbeforeyouvisit.36.IfyouhopetovisitCastleDungeonyoushould________.A.buytheticketinpersonB.dial08704422371C.booktheticketfromWarwick-Castle.comD.bookthetickettwodaysinadvance37.Whatistheadvantageofbookingticketsonline?A.Youdon’thavetowaitinqueuE.B.Youcansave￡20intotal.C.TheticketincludestheCastleDungeon.D.TheticketisavailableatanytimE.38.Inordertobuygrouptickets________.A.youshoulddial08704422375B.bookingscanbemadebyemailsC.thereshouldbeatleast20peopleD.youshoulddial0870442237139.IfyouwanttobooktheUltimateFamilyTicketonlineyoushouldpay_______.A.￡55.00B.￡48.50C.￡47.00D.￡37.6040.Thetextprobablyistakenfrom_______.A.anewspaperB.amagazineC.ageographybookD.awebsite

Mostpeoplehaveheardthesoundofbeesamongflowers.BeeslivealmosteverywhereintheworldexceptintheArcticareas.Manykindsofagriculturedependonthesesmallsocialinsects.Withoutbeesfruitandnutgrowersaswellasmanyotherfarmerswouldnothaveacrop.Therearemorethan20000kindsofbees.ButonlyhoneybeesmakeenoughhoneyforpeopletousE.Honeybeesarehighly-organizedsocialinsects.Theyworktogetherinagroupcalledacolony群体.Eachcolonylivesinahive蜂房.Itcontainsonequeenbee--shelaysalltheeggsfromwhichthemembersofthecolonycomE.Eachcolonyhasonlyafewhundredmalescalleddrones.Themajorityofallbeesinacolonyareworkerswhichareallfemales.Beesevenhaveaspecialstomachcalledahoneystomachwhichisusedtostoresweetfluidthatthebeesgatherfromflowers.Beesalsohavelonghairsontheirbodyandlegs.Thesehairscapturepollen花粉asbeesgofromflowertoflower.SomeofthepollenistakenbacktothehivE.Somehoweverispassedtothenextflower.ThisishowmanyplantsarefertilizeD.Pollenisthereproductivematerialofplants.Manyimportantagriculturalcropsdependonbeesforfertilization.Insidetheirhivesbeesstoresweetliquidfromflowersandpollenaswell.Theymayevengathersweetliquidfromsomeotherkindsofinsects.ThesekindsofsweetliquidarealsostoredinthehivE.Beesmakehoneythroughaprocess.Theyaddliquidfromtheirownmouthstosweetliquidintosimplesugar.Asthehoneyisstoreditdries.Itbecomesthickeranddarker.Althoughbeesareoftenthoughtofashoneymakerstheyprovideasurprisingnumberofproducts.Alsotheirgreatesteconomicvalueisinfertilizingcrops-notinmakinghoney.67.Thepassageismainlyabout.A.beesandtheircolonyB.thewayforbeestopasspollenC.beesandagricultureD.theprocessforbeestomakehoney68.Honeybeesaresocialinsectsbecause.A.theyworkingroupsB.thereisqueenbeeineverycolonyC.theyliveinahiveD.eachofthemdoesthesamejob69.Themostvaluablethinghoneybeesdoforpeopleisin.A.makinghoneyB.fertilizingcropsC.makingflowersgrowbetterD.producingpollen70.ThewordfertilizeinthesentenceThisishowmanyplantsarefertilizeD.probablymeans.A.tomakeplantsstrongandproductiveB.tomakesoilrichforplantsC.tostartthedevelopmentofyoungflowersD.tointroducepollenintoplants

Manypeoplethinkofdirtasbeingdirty!Parentsoftentelltheirchildrennottoplayindirtortogetitontheirclothes.Andtherearereasonsforthat—soiloftencontainsthingslikebacteria细菌parasites寄生虫andpollutantsthatcanmakepeoplesick.Withsomanyrisksitisnosurprisethatmanypeoplefindgeophagy—theeatingofearthorsoil-unacceptablE.YetgeophagyisactuallyacommonpracticeinmanypartsoftheworlD.Sincepeopletendtobeveryselectiveaboutwhichsoiltheyeatthepracticehasalsocreatedanindustry.InNigeriathevillageofUzallaprocessesover500tonsofsoilayearforsaleandconsumptioninmarketshundredsofkilometersaway.GeophagyalsohasalonghistoryintheU.S.wheresomeeatsoilandshippackagesofittorelativesfarfromhomE.SoilisalsosoldasanutritionalsupplementsimilartovitaminsinsomepartsofAsiA.Thefactthattheeatingofsoilisalsowidespreadintheanimalkingdomsuggeststhatgeophagymayevenbeanaturalprocess.Somesoilsaresurprisinglyrichinnutrientssuchasironandcopper.Peoplecanoftengetmoreofthesenutrientsfromgeophagythanfromtakingvitamins.ThismaybewhytheeatingofsoilisoftenmostcommonamongpregnantwomenandnursingmotherswhousesoilforcertainnutrientstheyneeD.UnfortunatelygeophagyisalsopracticedtoavoidhungerwhenotherfoodisscarcE.InpoorcountriesfoodcanbecomesoexpensivethatpeoplesubstitutesoilforflourorricE.Thisisaserioussocialproblembecausesoilcan’tprovideabalanceddietthoughitisrichinnutrients.56.Whydopeoplethinkdirtisdirty?Nomorethan10words57.Whatledtothedevelopmentofgeophagyindustry?Nomorethan15words58.Wheredoestheeatingofsoilseemlikeanaturalprocess?Nomorethan5words59.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordsubstituteinthelastparagraphmean?Nomorethan1word60.Doyouthinksoilcantaketheplaceoffood?Why?Nomorethan25words

Doyouwanttowriteyourpassworddownsothatnoonecanseeitordoyouwanttosendsomeoneasecretmessage?KnowinghowtomakeaninvisibleinkmessagewillhaveyoufeelinglikeasecretagentinnotimE.TheseareinstructionsformakinginvisibleinkusingbakingsodA.Difficulty:EasyTimerequired:A.fewminutesWhatyouneed:BakingsodaPaperWaterLightbulbPaintbrushMeasuringcupPurplegrapejuiceHere'show:Thereareatleasttwomethodsofusingbakingsodaasinvisibleink.MixequalamountsofwaterandbakingsodA.Useapaintbrushtowriteamessageontowhitepaperusingthebakingsodasolution溶液asink.Allowtheinktodry.OnewaytoreadthemessageistoholdthepaperuptoaheatsourcesuchasalightbulB.Thebakingsodawillcausethewritinginthepapertoturnbrown.ThesecondwaytoreadthemessageistopaintoverthepaperwithpurplegrapejuicE.Themessagewillappearinadifferentcolor.Tips:Ifyouareusingtheheatingmethodavoidburningthepaper.Bakingsodaandgrapejuicereactinanacid-base酸碱reactionproducingacolorchangeinthepaper.Grapejuiceconcentrate浓缩物resultsinamorevisiblecolorchangethanregulargrapejuicE.56.isnotneededformakinginvisibleink.A.BakingsodaB.PaperC.WaterD.Ink57.What'sthefunctionofthepaintbrush?A.TodrawapicturE.B.Toallowtheinktoappear.C.Towriteamessageontothewhitepaper.D.Tohelptheinkdry.58.Howcanyoureadthemessageininvisibleinkeasily?A.readitinthedaytimeB.readitnearaheaterC.PutitinhotwaterD.putitinafridge59.Whywillthemessageappearinadifferentcolorinthesecondwaytoreadthemassage?A.BecausethereisenoughgrapejuicE.B.BecausebakingsodareactswithgrapejuicE.C.Becauseoftheuseofwater.D.Becauseofthespecialpaper.60.Fromtheprocesswecanknowthatmakinginvisibleinkis.A.veryhardB.notdifficultC.alittledifficultD.noteasy

Whatmakesonepersonmoreintelligentthananother?WhatmakesonepersonageniuslikethebrilliantAlbertEinsteinandanotherpersonafool?Arepeoplebornintelligentorstupidorisintelligencetheresultofwhereandhowyoulive?Theseareveryoldquestionsandtheanswerstothemarestillnotclear.Weknowhoweverthatjustbeingbornwithagoodmindisnotenough.InsomewaysthemindislikealegoranarmmusclE.ItneedsexercisE.Mentaldonewiththemindexerciseisparticularlyimportantforyoungchildren.Manychildpsychologists心理学家thinkthatparentsshouldplaywiththeirchildrenmoreoftenandgivethemproblemstothinkabout.Thechildrenarethenmorelikelytogrowupbrightandintelligent.Ifontheotherhandchildrenareleftaloneagreatdealwithnothingtodotheyaremorelikelytobecomedullandunintelligent.Parentsshouldalsobecarefulwithwhattheysaytoyoungchildren.Accordingtosomepsychologistsifparentsarealwaystellingachildthatheorsheisafooloranidiotthenthechildismorelikelytokeepdoingsillyandfoolishthings.SoitisprobablybetterforparentstosayverypositivethingstotheirchildrensuchasThatwasaverycleverthingyoudidorYouaresuchasmartchild.36.Thewordsintelligentandbrilliantinthefirstparagraphprobablymean_______whiledullinthesecondparagraphmeans_______.A.brightandsplendid;slowinthinkingandunderstandingB.prettyandhandsome;ordinary-lookingC.greatandimportant;commonD.hopefulandhelpful;careless37.Accordingtothecontextwecanguessthatageniusis______whileanidiotis_______.A.anormalperson;afunnypersonB.astrongperson;aweakpersonC.ahighlyintelligentperson;afoolishorweak-mindedpersonD.afamousperson;anordinaryperson38.A.person________ismorelikelytobecomeagenius.A.whoseparentsarecleverB.oftenthinkingaboutdifficultproblemsC.oftenhelpedbyhisparentsandteachersD.bornwithagoodbrainandputtingitintoactiveuse39.Itisbetterforparents________.A.topraiseandencouragetheirchildrenmoreoftenB.tobehardontheirchildrenC.toleavetheirchildrenalonewithnothingtodoD.togivetheirchildrenasmuchhelpaspossible40.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothearticle?A.Parentsplayanimportantpartintheirchildren’sgrowth.B.ThelessyouuseyourmindthedulleryoumaybecomE.C.IntelligenceisobviouslytheresultofwhereandhowyoulivE.D.Whatmakesapersonbrightorstupidisstillunderdiscussion.

Sincewenowliveinadigitalworldthestudents’technologyneedshavealsochangeD.Fortheearlyyearssaywhenyouareinprimaryschoolyoucangetbywithnotechnologyatall.Evenifyouhaveacomputerit'sagoodideatogetthechildrenfamiliarwithlibraries.Atthisagetripstothelibraryarelikefamilyoutings.AsyougetclosertomiddleschoolacomputerwithInternetaccessbecomesmoreofanecessity.TeacherswilloftengiveassignmentsthatrequireastudenttousetheInternetforresearch.Afteracomputertechnologychoicesforstudentsbecomemoredifficulttomake---especiallywhenitcomestocell-phones.Kidswillbegtheirparentsforacell-phoneespeciallyinmiddleschool.Formanyparentsit'sasafetyissue:Theywanttoknowthattheirkidscanreachthemquicklyifnecessary.Forteacherscellphonescanbeusedtorecordlessonswhenstudentsareabsent.Butmanyteachersdislikecell-phones.Somekidssendmessagesorhavetalksintheclass.Sendingmessagesalsoraisestheproblemofcheatingonexams.Moreandmoreschoolsarenowforbiddingtheuseofcell-phones.ManykidsseeiPodsasnecessarythingstohavE.iPodsaregreatformusicbutdotheydoanythinggoodforyourchildren’seducation?Maybetheydo.That’stheopinionofDougJohnsonaneducatorfor30years.JohnsonsaysthateducatorsshouldacceptallnewformsoftechnologyintheclassroomincludingiPods.Somedomorewiththeircell-phonesthanwecandowithourlaptopshejokes.Idon’tthinkweshouldbeafraiD.Thetruthisthatit’seasiertochangethewayweteachthantochangethetechnologyhabitsofanentiregeneration.41.Accordingtotheauthorprimaryschoolchildrenshould___.A.usethecomputerandtheInternetregularlyB.asktheirparentstobuythemcell-phonesC.buyiPodstolistentomusicD.gotolibrariestoreadmorebooks42.Whydoparentsagreetobuytheirchildrencell-phones?A.Theywanttheirchildrentobecool.B.Theythinkcell-phonesbehelpfultotheirstudy.C.Theywanttokeepintouchwiththeirchildren.D.TheywanttheirchildrentokeepuptodatE.43.ThefollowingareallreasonswhymanyteachersdislikecellphonesEXCEPT____.A.cell-phonescanbeusedtocheatonexamsB.schoolchildrenwillsendmessagesduringclassC.cell-phonescanbeusedtorecordlessonsD.schoolchildrenmighttalkonthemduringclass44.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordthatrefersto?A.iPodscanbeusedtolistentomusiC.B.iPodscanbehelpfulforchildren’seducation.C.iPodscanbeusedtoplaygames.D.iPodsarenecessaryforchildren’slives.45.WecaninferfromwhatDougJohnsonsaidthat_____.A.cellphonesarenotusefultostudentsB.teachersshouldletstudentsusecell-phonesC.it’sbetterforteacherstochangetheirteachingmethodsD.schoolchildrenshouldfollowthetrendsoffashion

Self-employedprivatephysicianswhochargeafeeforeachpatientvisitarethefoundationofmedicalpracticeintheUnitedStates.Mostphysicianshaveacontractrelationshipwithoneormorehospitalsinthecommunity.Theysendtheirpatientstothishospitalwhichusuallychargespatientsaccordingtothenumberofdaystheystayandthefacilitiesoperatingroomtestsmedicinesthattheyuse.Somehospitalsbelongtoacityastateorinthecaseofveteran'shospitalsafederalgovernmentagency.Othersareoperatedbyreligiousorders教会orothernon-profitgroups.Somemedicaldoctorsareonsalary.Salariedphysiciansmayworkashospitalstaffmembersorresidentswhoareoftenstillintraining.Theymayteachinmedicalschoolsbehiredbycorporationstocarefortheirworkersorworkforthefederalgovernment’sPublicHealthServicE.PhysiciansareamongthebestpaidprofessionalsintheUnitedStates.Inthe1980sitwasnotuncommonformedicaldoctorstoearnincomesofmorethan$100000ayear.Specialistsparticularlysurgeonsmightearnseveraltimesthatamount.Physicianslistmanyreasonswhytheydeservetobesowellrewardedfortheirwork.OnereasonisthelongandexpensivepreparationrequiredtobecomeaphysicianintheUnitedStates.Mostwould-bephysiciansfirstattendcollegeforfouryearswhichcancostnearly$20000ayearatoneofthebestprivateinstitutions.Prospectivephysiciansthenattendmedicalschoolforfouryears.Tuitionalonecanexceed$10000ayear.Bythetimetheyhaveobtainedtheirmedicaldegreesmanyyoungphysiciansaredeeplyindebt.Theystillfacethreetofiveyearsofresidency实习阶段inahospitalthefirstyearasanapprenticephysician.Thehoursarelongandthepayisrelativelylow.Settingupamedicalpracticeisexpensivetoo.Sometimesseveralphysicianswilldecidetoestablishagrouppracticesotheycansharetheexpenseofmaintaininganofficeandbuyingequipment.Thesephysiciansalsotakecareofeachother’spatientsinemergencies.Physiciansworklonghoursandmustacceptagreatdealofresponsibility.Manymedicalproceduresevenquiteroutineonesinvolverisk.Itisunderstandablethatphysicianswanttobewellrewardedformakingdecisionswhichcanmeanthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.56.AccordingtothepassageitisveryunlikelythatanAmericanhospitalisownedby______.A.achurchB.acorporationC.acityD.astate57.Theexpensesforbecomingadoctorarespenton_______.A.schoolingandretrainingB.practiceinahospitalC.facilitiesheorsheusesD.educationheorshereceives58.Accordingtothepassagehowlongdoesittakeforawould-bephysiciantobecomeanindependentphysicianintheUSA?A.Aboutsevenyear.B.Eightyears.C.Tenyears.D.Abouttwelveyears.59.Sometimesseveralphysicianssetupagroupmedicalpracticemainlybecause_______.A.therearesomanypatientsthatitisdifficultforonephysiciantotakecareallofthemB.theycantaketurnstoworklonghoursC.facilitiesmaybetoomuchofaburdenforonephysiciantoshoulderD.noonewantstoassumetoomuchresponsibility60.Whichofthefollowingstatementscouldfullyexpresstheauthor’sviewtowardsphysicians’paymentintheUSA?A.Fortheirexpensiveeducationandtheirresponsibilitytheydeserveahandsomepay.B.Itisreasonableforphysicianstohavealargeincomebecausetheirworkisverydangerous.C.Physiciansshouldbebetterpaidbecausetheyworklonghoursunderbadconditions.D.PhysicianshavegreatresponsibilitysoitisunderstandablethattheyshouldbewellrewardeD.

WhentwoBangsmeetSHELDONCooperisascientificgeniusonthepopularAmericanTVshowTheBigBangTheory生活大爆炸.Hefinallymethismatchlastyear:StephenHawking.ThisisnotthefirsttimethatthescientisthasappearedonTV.HehasalsobeenonStarTrekin1987andTheSimpsonsin1989.Eachtimeheplayedhimself.Hawking71isperhapstheworld’smostfamousscientistafterAlbertEinstein.HehasspenthiswholelifestudyingthebeginningandtheendoftheuniverseincludingtheBigBang宇宙大爆炸theory.TheBigBangtheoryexplainstheearlydevelopmentoftheuniversE.Accordingtothetheoryabout13.7billionyearsagoeverythingwasallsqueezedtogetherinatinytightlittleballandthentheballexplodeD.TheresultsofthatexplosionarewhatwecalltheuniversE.HawkinghasalwaystriedtomakesciencemorepopularwithpeoplE.Hisbook:A.BriefHistoryofTimewaspublishedin1988.InthebookheshareshisunderstandingoftheuniverseinsimplelanguagE.ThebooktriestoexplainmanysubjectsabouttheuniversetocommonreadersincludingtheBigBangblackholesandlightcones光锥.Hawking’sachievementsareevengreaterifyouthinkabouthisdisability.Whenhewas21Hawkingcaughtabadillnessthatslowlystoppedhimfrommovingortalking.NowhesitsonawheelchairwithacomputerbyhissidE.Tocommunicatehemovestwofingerstocontrolthecomputer’smousE.Hechooseshiswordsfromthescreenwhicharethenspokenbyavoicesynthesizer合成器.HawkingalsobelievesthattheremightbealiensinspacE.Howeverhebelievestheyareprobablyverydangeroussoweshouldnotlookforthem.Iimaginetheymightexistinverybigships...havingusedupalltheresourcesfromtheirhomeplanetHawkingsaidinaBritishdocumentarynamedIntotheUniversewithStephenHawking.40.WhatdoesthetwoBangsinthetitlereferto?A.ThedirectorofTheBigBangTheoryandthefounderofit.B.ThedirectorandtheactorofTheBigBangTheory.C.ThefounderoftheBigBangtheoryanditsspreader.D.ThescientificgeniusonTVshowandtheonealiveinreallifE.41.ActinginTheBigBangTheoryisHawking’s_____timeonTV.A.firstB.secondC.thirdD.fourth42.AccordingtoParagraph5HawkingwrotethebookA.BriefHistoryofTimeespeciallyfor_____.A.scientistswhostudytheuniverseB.peoplewhoknowalotabouttheuniverseC.peoplewhoknowlittleabouttheuniverseD.peoplewhoonlyknowsimplelanguage43.TheBigBangtheorymainlyexplains_____.A.howtheuniversestartedB.whattheuniverseislikeC.howoldtheuniverseisD.howtheuniverseexploded44.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingaboutHawkingisTRUE?A.Hewasbornwithadisability.B.HeusesacomputertocommunicatE.C.Hebelievesaliensareourfriends.D.Heencouragespeopletolookforaliens.

Ifyoutalktotheplantstheywillgrowfasterandtheeffectisevenbetterifyou’reawoman.ResearchersatRoyalHorticulturalSocietycarriedoutanexperimenttofindthatthevoiceofawomangardenermakesplantsgrowfaster.TheexperimentlastedamonthandbytheendofthestudyscientistsmanagedtodiscoverthattomatoplantsgrewuptwoinchestallerwhenwomengardenerstalkedtotheminsteadofmalE.SarahDarwinwastheonemakingtheplantsregisteredthebestgrowth.HervoicewasthemostinspiringforplantsthanthoseofnineothergardenerswhenreadingapassagefromTheOriginofSpecies.Thegreat-great-granddaughterofthefamousbotanist植物学家CharlesDarwinfoundthatherplantgrewabouttwoinchestallerthantheplantofthebestmalegardener.ColinCrosbieGardenSuperintendentatRHSsaidthatthefindingcannotyetbeexplaineD.Heassumesthatwomenhaveagreaterrangeofpitch音高andtone音调whichmighthaveacertaineffectonthesoundwavesthatreachtheplant.SoundwavesareanenvironmentaleffectjustlikerainorlightsaidMrGrosbiE.ThestudybeganinAprilatRHSGardenWisleyinSurvey.Scientistsstartedwithopenauditions听力forthepeoplewhowereaskedtorecordpassagesfromJohnWyndham'sTheDayoftheTriffidsShakespeare’sA.Midsummer'sNightDreamandDarwin'sTheOriginofSpecies.Afterwardsresearchersselectedanumberofdifferentvoicesandplayedthemto10tomatoplantsduringaperiodofamonth.Eachplanthadheadphones耳机connectedtoit.Throughtheheadphonesthesoundwavescouldhittheplants.Itwasdiscoveredthatplantsthatlistenedtofemalevoicesonaveragegrewtallerbyaninchincomparisontoplantsthatheardmalevoices.MissDarwinsaidIthinkitisanhonortohaveavoicethatcanmaketomatoesgrowandespeciallyfittingbecauseforanumberofyearsIhavebeenstudyingwildtomatoesfromtheGalapagosIslandattheNaturalHistoryMuseuminLondon.55.Whatdoesthepassagetalkabout?A.Plantsenjoymen’svoicesthanwomen’s.B.A.botanicalexperimentinamuseum.C.Voice’sinfluenceonplantgrowing.D.Strangephenomenon现象atRoyalHorticulturalSociety.56.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph4mean?A.Plantsneedsoundaswellasrainandlight.B.Soundisbasicfortheplanttogrow.C.Soundhasagoodeffectasrainorlightdoes.D.Plantscan’tlivewithoutsoundrainorlight.57.SarahDarwinismostlikelyaan_____.A.botanistB.gardenerC.astronomerD.environmentalist58.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.TheexperimentendedinMay.B.Scientistcanexplainthefindingsclearly.C.Plantsenjoylisteningtothepassagesfrommasterpieces.D.Thefindingsareofgreatimportancetohumanbeings.

Globalemissions排放ofcarbondioxidefromfossilfuelburningjumpedbythelargestamountonrecordin2010.Emissionsrose5.9percentin2010accordingtoananalysisreleasedonSundaybytheGlobalCarbonProject.ScientistssaidtheincreasewasalmostcertainlythelargestabsolutejumpinanyyearsincetheIndustrialRevolution.Theincreasesolidifiedatrendofever­risingemissionsthatwillmakeitdifficultifnotimpossibletostopsevereclimatechangeincomingdecades.TheburningofcoalrepresentedmorethanhalfofthegrowthinemissionstheanalysisfounD.IntheUnitedStatesemissionsdroppedbyaremarkable7percentintheyearof2009butrosebyover4percentin2010thenewanalysisshows.Eachyearemissionsgoupandthere'sanotheryearofnegotiationsanotheryearofindecisionsaidGlenP.PetersaresearcherattheCenterforInternationalClimateandEnvironmentalResearch.There'snoevidencethatthispathwe'vebeenfollowinginthelast10yearsisgoingtochangE.ScientistssaytherapidgrowthofemissionsiswarmingtheEarthandputtinghumanwelfareatlong­termrisk.Buttheirincreasinglyurgentpleasthatsocietyfindawaytolimitemissionshavemetsharppoliticalresistanceinmanycountriesbecausedoingsowouldinvolvehigherenergycosts.Thenewfiguresshowacontinuationofatrendinwhichdevelopingcountrieshavesurpassed超过thewealthycountriesintheiroverallgreenhouseemissions.In2010theburningoffossilfuelsandtheproductionofcement水泥sentmorethanninebilliontonsofcarbonintotheatmospherethenewanalysisfoundwith57percentofthatcomingfromdevelopingcountries.Onthesurfacethefiguresofrecentyearssuggestthatwealthycountrieshavemadeheadwayinstabilizingtheiremissions.ButDr.Peterspointedoutthatinasensetherichcountrieshavesimplyexportedsomeofthem.Thefastriseindevelopingcountrieshasbeencausedtoalargeextentbythegrowthofenergy­intensivemanufacturingindustriesthatmakegoodsthatrichcountriesimport.AllthathaschangedisthelocationinwhichtheemissionsarebeingproducedDr.PeterssaiD.Manycountriesaspartoftheirresponsetotheeconomiccrisisinvestedbillionsinprogramsdesignedtomaketheirenergysystemsgreener.Whileitispossiblethenewnumberssuggesttheyhavehadlittleeffectsofar.36.Manygovernmentsintheworldresistlimitingemissionsbecause________.A.itisnotthebestwaytosolvesuchproblemsB.theydon'trealizetherisksofcarbonemissionsC.itwouldprobablyharmhumanwelfareinthelongrunD.theyareunwillingtoaccepthigherenergycosts37.AccordingtoGlenP.Peterswecanlearnthat________.A.therapidgrowthofemissionscontributestopotentialrisksforhumansB.richcountriesactuallytakemoreresponsibilityforthegrowthofemissionsC.humanbeingswillfollowthesamepathofnegotiationsinthenext10yearsD.somecountriesnegotiatetogetheryearlywhethertoreducetheamountsofemissions38.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A.EmissionsintheUnitedStatesdroppedbyabout7percentin2010.B.Developingcountrieswillproducelessemissionswitheconomicdevelopment.C.Thereisalongwaytogoformanycountriestolimitthefastgrowthofemissions.D.Over50percentofthegrowthinemissionsresultedfromtheburningoffossilfuels.39.Thetextmainlytalksabout________.A.ananalysisreleasedbytheGlobalCarbonProjectB.therecordjumpincarbondioxideemissionsC.thepossibleclimatechangeinfuturedecadesD.themainharmofgreenhousegases

OnFebruary11960ImetthreeofmyfriendsattheNorthCarolinaA.&TCollegelibraryinGreensboroandtogetherwewalkedthemiletoWoolworth’s.AtthattimeintheSouthAfricanAmericansweren’tallowedtoeatwithwhites.Woolworth’shadaseparatelunchcounterinthebasementforNegroes黑人.MyfriendsandIhadagreedthatwewouldsitdownatthewhitelunchcounterandasktobeserveD.Andwedidjustthat.Immediatelyspoonsstoppedhalfwaytopeople’smouths.Everyeyewasonus.AgainweaskedthewaitressforcoffeeandsaiditwasacustomnottoservetheblackpeoplE.AndIaskedButyoudoagreethatthecustomiswrongdon’tyou?Wewereverypolite----ourgoalwastomakesurethatpeopledidtherightthing.Sowesattherewaiting.AnangrypolicemancameinandstoppedrightbehindmE.IcouldfeelhishotbreathonmyneckashestoodovermE.IsaidtomyselfThisisit.Buthejuststoodthereforaminuteandthenbackedawayandstartedpacingupanddown.Icametorealize:hedidn’tknowwhattodo.Alittleoldwhiteladysittingfartherdownthecounterfinishedhersandwichandheadedstraightforus.Ipreparedmyselfforablast一阵ofabuse.InsteadsheputherhandsonourshouldersandsaidBoysIamsoproudofyou.Ionlyregretthatyoudidn’tdothistenyearsago.Thataddedtomydeterminationtoseeitthrough.WewentbacktothatlunchcountereverydayforsixmonthsuntilAfricanAmericanswerefinallyservedineveryrestaurant.71.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordabuseinthethirdparagraphprobablymean?A.Greatencouragement.B.GoodpraisE.C.Unkindwords.D.DirectadvicE.72.Whydidpeoplefocusontheauthorwhenheaskedtobeserved?A.Becausehesatatthewhitepeople’slunchcounter.B.Becauseheaskedforcoffeewhichwasn’tservedtherE.C.BecausehewasveryloudandwasdisturbedotherpeoplE.D.BecausehewasnewtotheWoolworth’srestaurant.73.Whichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribestheauthor?A.StrangE.B.Kind-hearteD.C.Courageous.D.Stubborn固执的.74.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A.Theauthor’sfriendsweredisappointedwithhim.B.Theoldladywasinsupportoftheauthor.C.Theoldladycalledthepolicemanintodealwiththematter.D.Theauthor’sfriendsstoppedthematterfromgettingworsE.75.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Theauthor’sgoalwastofightwithwhitepeoplE.B.TheauthorwasnotsatisfiedwiththeserviceatWoolworth’s.C.ThepolicemanwasveryrudeandtheauthorwasafraiD.D.AfricanAmericanshadalongstruggleforequalrights.

Wildlifefacesthreats威胁fromhabitatdestructionpollutionandotherhumanactions.Althoughprotectingwildlifemayseemtoohardattimesevensmallactionsinyourownneighborhoodcanhelpprotectmanydifferentanimals.Herearesometipsonhowtoprotectwildlifethroughsmallactions.1.CreatewildlifefriendlyareasinyourbackyarD.WhentryingtomakeyourgardenmorebeautifulyoucanchooseplantsthatcanprovidefoodandsheltertonativewildlifE.Thiswillalsohelpcutdownonpollution.Andbirdorbathousestoyouryardorgardentoattractandshelterthesespecies.2.Avoidharmingthenaturalecosystem生态系统inyourareA.SomeplantsfromotherplacescankillorharmnativeplantsthatprovidefoodandshelterforwildlifE.3.HaveagreenerlifestylE.Byusinglesswaterandfewerfuelsyouwillbehelpingtoprotectthewildlifearoundyou.Takebusesorthesubwaywhenyoucanturnoffelectricdeviceswhenyou'renotusingthemtakeshortershowersandkeepyourroomtemperatureatorbelow68degreesduringthewinter.4.Buyproductsthatarewildlifefriendly.Don'tbuyproductsthataremadefromendangeredanimals.Keepinmindthatsomeendangeredanimalsarekilledbytrapscatchesorhunterswhoareafterotherwildlifewithinthesamehabitat.5.Donatemoneyortimetoorganizationsthatprotectwildlifeandtheirhabitats.YoucangivemoneytoorganizationsorgroupsthatprotectwildlifespeciesinyourneighborhooD.53.Weinferthatthepurposeofthispassageisto________.A.telluswhyprotectingwildlifeisextremelyimportantnowB.suggestthatweprotectwildlifethroughactionsC.explainwhyprotectingwildlifeisnotashardaspeoplethinkD.giveussometipsonhowtoprotectwildlifethroughsmallactions54.WhichofthefollowingthreatstowildlifeisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A.Animaldiseases.B.Lossofhabitat.C.Pollution.D.Hunters.55.Inwhichsectionofanewspaperwouldyoumostprobablyreadthispassage?A.EnvironmentB.TeachingC.BusinessD.Geography

Youmaythinkthatsailingisdifficultbutitisreallynothardtolearnit.Youdonotneedtobestrong.Butyouneedtobequick.AndyouneedtounderstandafewbasicrulesaboutthewinD.FirstyoumustaskyourselfWhereisthewindcomingfrom?Isitcomingfromaheadorbehindorfromtheside?Youmustthinkaboutthisallthetimeontheboat.Thewinddirectiontellsyouwhattodowiththesail帆.Let’sstartwiththewindblowingfrombehinD.Thismeansthewindandtheboataregoinginthesamedirection.Thenyoumustalwayskeepthesailoutsidetheboat.Itshouldbeata90°angle角度totheboat.Thenitwillcatchthewindbest.Ifthewindisblowingfromthesideitisblowingacrosstheboat.Inthiscaseyoumustkeepthesailhalfwayoutsidetheboat.Itshouldbeata45°angletotheboat.ItneedstobeoutfarenoughtocatchthewinD.butitshouldn’tflap摆动.Itshouldn’tlooklikeaflagonaflagpolE.Ifitisflappingitisprobablyouttoofarandtheboatwillslowdown.SailingintothewindisnotpossiblE.Ifyoutrythesailwillflapandtheboatwillstop.Youmaywanttogointhatdirection.Itispossiblebutyoucan’tgoinastraightlinE.Youmustgofirstinonedirectionandtheninanother.Thisiscalledtacking.Whenyouaretackingyoumustalwayskeepthesailinsidetheboat.64.Whatshouldyouconsiderfirstwhilesailing?A.Sailors’strength.B.Wavelevels.C.Winddirections.D.Sizeofsails.65.WhatdoesthewordItunderlinedinParagraph4referto?A.Thesail.B.ThewinD.C.Theboat.D.TheanglE.66.Whatdoyouhavetodowhensailingagainstthewind?A.MoveinastraightlinE.B.Allowthesailtoflap.C.Lowerthesail.D.Tacktheboat.

SriLankaisknownasthePearloftheIndianOceananditiseasytoseewhy.Thislittlecountryneverfailstopleasevisitors.ArriveThenationalairlineisSriLankanAirlineswhichfliesfromColombotoLondonandacoupleofotherEuropeancities.Thecountry’smainairportisColomboBandaranaikelocated29kmnorthofthecapitalcity.Whynow?ThebesttimetovisitSriLanka’ssouthernbeachesisfromNovembertoApril.Sobygoingearlyintheseasonyou’llgetthebestweather.AlsoinNovemberDeepavaliknownasDiwaliortheFestivalofLightsisSriLanka’smainreligiousfestivalcelebratedthroughoutthecountry.SeeThereisplentytoseeinSriLankA.TheancientcapitalcitiesofPolonnaruwaandAnuradhapuraareworthseeingandsoaremanyoutstandingruins.Othermustseesaretherockfortress要塞ofSigiriyatoweringoverthejungleasfarastheeyecanseeandDambulla’scavetemplethecountry’slargestandbestpreserveD.BothareUNESCOWorldHeritage遗产Sites.Kandyisapicture-liketownwhichwasthelaststrongholdoftheKandyanKings.Todayitisaculturalreliccentrewhereage-oldcustomsartsandcraftsremain.DoSriLankaownsabout1600kmofbeautifulpalm-shadedbeachesaswellaswarmpureseasandcolourfulcoralreefs.Youcanexploretheunderwaterworldandsurfinganddivingareavailabletoo.AwayfromtheshorewildlifeisabigdrawforSriLankaandYalaNationalParkisoneofthebestplacesintheworldtoseewildanimalsincludingleopards豹andelephants.TasteSriLankaiscelebratedforitsexcellentfoodwithaparticularemphasisonfreshfruitandvegetablesonmenuseverywherE.Fishandseafoodareabigpartofthelocaldiet.Didyouknow?SriLankaisknownforitsteabutitisalsotheworld’slargestproducerandexporterofcinnamon肉桂.56.WhichofthefollowingisaculturalreliccentreofSriLanka?A..AnuradhapurA.B.KandyC.PolonnaruwA.D.Colombo.57.IfyouwanttoknowsomethingaboutDiwaliyou’dbettergotherein________..A.September.B.October.C.May.D.November.58.WelearnfromthepassagethatSriLanka_________..A.isinthePacificOceanB.hasonlyflightstoLondonC.istheworld’slargestproducerofteaD.isfamousforitsexcellentfood59.Theauthorwrotethearticleinorderto_______..A.introducethepicturesquelandscapeofSriLankaB.letreadersknowwhatisfamousforinSriLankaC.letpeoplegetmoretravelinformationaboutSriLankaD.makeSriLankawellknownthroughouttheworld

Extract1摘录一AcomputerAcomputerisaninformationprocessor.Itisgiveninformationcalleddatainstructedtodocertainthingsandthenshowustheresults.Thedataputintothecomputeriscalledtheinputandtheresultswhichcomeoutaretheoutput.SomepeoplesaythecircleoflargestandingstonesatStonehengeisakindofcomputer.Prehistorypeopleworkedouttheircalendarfromthepositionoftheshadowsmadebythesunshiningonthestones.Extract2Teachyourselfnewsubjectsandskillsatyourownpacewithahomecomputer.Useittohelpwithschoolworkforself-improvementeventoimproveyourcareerskills.Learntouchtyping.Foreignlanguagesorcomputerprogramming.A.homecomputercanhelpchildrenofallageslearnclassroomsubjectssuchasspellinggeographyandothers.Infactitmakeslearningfun.Soifyouwanttoteachyourselforhelpyourchildrenteachthemselves---getahomecomputer.Itcanalsohelpyoumanageyourpersonalfinances经济orhelpyoutoworktaxesandplanhouseholdbudgets预算.Youcanmakebusinessapleasurewithahomecomputer.72Thewriterintroducesthewordssuchasinputandoutputinorderto_____.A.introducepeopletocomputerlanguageB.showcomputerlanguageisthesameasEnglishC.helppeoplesomescientificlanguageD.givepeoplesomescientificlanguage73WhydoesthewritertalkaboutStonehengeinExtract1?A.Togiveanexampleoftheveryfirstcomputer.B.ToshowthatcomputersareolderthanmankinD.C.Totellthedifferencebetweenthepastandthepresent.D.Togiveanotherwayofexplainingcomputers.74Ifyouthinkofthecircleoflargestandingstonesasacomputer_____.A.theshadowistheinputandthepositionistheoutputB.thesunlightistheinputandthecalendaristheoutputC.thepositionistheinputandthesunlightistheoutputD.thecalendaristheinputandtheshadowistheoutput75Extract2isprobablytakenfrom_____.A.acomputertextbookB.acompany'sadvertisementC.ateach-yourselfcomputerbookD.achildren'sguidetocomputers

Adisplayofsupernaturalexistenceorisitanalieninterference?QuestionsstillremainunansweredwhileexpertsarestillresearchingontherealreasonbehindstonesofDeathValleythatslidebythemselveswithouttheinterferenceofhumansoranimals.InthesouthwestoftheUSAliesthismysteriousvalley—popularasthehottestanddriestlocationinNorthAmericaanditconsistsofadrylakebednamedRacetrackPlaya.SailingStonesofDeathValleyareallovertheRacetrackPlayA.TheplayaaflatbedofmudwitnessesthesailingofsuchstonesonitsbrokensurfacE.Thetracksformedbythesesailingstonesareusually2.5cmdeepand4—12incheswideandlastusuallyforthreetofouryears.Thisphenomenonisamysteryandtheexactreasonisstillunderresearch.Someresearchersbelieveacombinationofnaturaleventscausethesestonestosail.ThisareaofDeathValleycangetverycoldinthewinternightscausingalayeroficetoformonthebakedsmoothsoil.Therocksaregentlypushedacrossthesurfacebytheice-coatedgroundandstrongwinds.Someresearchersquestionthistheory.Somepointtheconditionshavetobejustrightforthesestonestomoveperhapsoccurringonceeveryonetothreeyears.Theysaytherearesomeotherunknownfactors.Toaddmoretothisstrangephenomenonthesesailingstonesdon’tfollowaspecificpaththatcouldbepredictedwheniceandwindarepresent.Somestonesthatarephysicallyneareachothermaystartoutsailinginaparalleldirectionbutthenonewouldstopwhiletheotheronecontinues.OtherresearchersbelievingthatthemovementsofstonesareduetoMilkyWay.Thepositionofstarscreateamagneticstructureinawaywhichmakesthestonesslideinthevalleyjustlikethetidesinoceanswhicharesometimescausedbythegravitation万有引力pullofthemoon.Sofarthesemysteriousstonesandtheirmovementsremainunfilmedandunobservedbyhumaneyes.60.Thefirstsentenceofthepassageisto___________.A.getreadersinterestedinthesubjectB.showhowconfusedresearchersgotC.indicatetheauthor’sstrongcuriosityD.telltheresultsofresearchers’studies61.HowmanyopinionsaboutthereasonbehindSailingStonesofDeathValleyarementioned?A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.62.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Themysteryofsailingstoneshasn’tbeensolvedyet.B.SofarthepathofthesailingstonescanbepredicteD.C.DeathValleyisthehottestanddriestplaceinNorthAmericA.D.Thetracksformedbythesailingstonesusuallylast3to4years.63.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.DeathValleyB.AnAlienInterventionC.A.PuzzlingPhenomenonD.SailingStonesofDeathValley

Morethan700businessleadersgovernmentofficialsandinvestorsgatheredinMountainViewCaliforniainDecember2012toattendtheSocialInnovation创新Summit.Itisaninvitation-onlyconferenceaimedatfindingnewwaystodealwitholdproblems.TrafficjamisaproblemthatBruggemannhopestosolve.Trafficisreallybadinmostcountriesandwethoughttheremustbesomewayofdoingsomethingaboutit.LastweekhisteamwinningtheprizeforitsnunavtrafficmanagementsystemreceivedaMicrosoftImagineCupGrantof＄100000.Everyonethat′susingoursystemsendshispresentpositionaswellasthedestinationtoourserversevery30seconds.Andwiththatinformationourcentralsystemcanreroute调整路线allofthecarsinawaythateveryonegetshisindividualbestpossibleroute.Bruggemannsaysearlyresearchwiththesystemhasbeenpromising.Wefoundoutthatitcouldbepossibletosaveupto20percentofthefuelconsumption.Evenmoreinterestingitcansaveupto50percentofthetimeyouspendintrafficsoyoucouldgettoyourdestinationtwiceasfast.TeamCypher256fromUgandaalsowasinvitedtotheSocialInnovationSummit.Theydevelopedadevice仪器calledWinSengaaimedatimprovinghealthcareforpregnantwomeninAfrica.Itmeasurestheearlybaby′sheartsoundstohelptesttheheartrateageandpositionofthebabyinthemother.Thedeviceissimilarinoperationtoanultrasound超声波testbutisfarlesscostlyandverypracticalinAfrica.ThisisthethirdyearfortheSocialInnovationSummit.TheeventisheldtwiceayearonceinNewYorkandonceinCalifornia.Thefirstonein2012washeldinMay.TheUnitedNations′OfficeforPartnershipshelpedtoorganizetheevent.61.InwhatwayisthenunavsystemspecialA.Itcandecidedestinationforusers.B.Itsendsbackinformationevery30minutes.C.Userscanearnmuchmoneybythesystem.D.Userscanfindthebestpossibleroutebythesystem.62.ThenunavsystemhasthefollowingadvantagesEXCEPT___________.A.reducingthefuelconsumptionB.reachingthedestinationquicklyC.savingthetimeinthetripD.improvingdrivingskills63.ThedeviceWinSengaisintendedto___________.A.improvethehealthcareforpregnantwomenB.promotetheheartrateofpregnantwomenC.measurethesizeoftheearlybabiesD.helptheoperationonwomen64.WhatcanbeinferredfromthetextA.ThenunavsystemispopularinAfrica.B.CommonpeopleinAfricacanaffordtouseWinSenga.C.TheUnitedNationsofferedfinancialhelptothenunavsystem.D.TheSocialInnovationSummithasbeenheldthreetimessofar.65.What′sthepurposeofthetextA.Totellusanewwayoutoftrafficjam.B.TointroduceadeviceforwomeninAfrica.C.Totellustheimportanceofsocialinnovations.D.Tointroduceaconferenceaboutsocialinnovations.

Satellitesareanimportantpartofourordinarylives.Forexampletheinformationforweatherforecastsissentbysatellite.SomesatelliteshavecameraswhichtakephotographsoftheEarthtoshowhowcloudsaremoving.Satellitesarealsousedtoconnectourinternationalphonecalls.ComputerconnectionsoftheWorldWideWebandInternetalsousesatellites.ManyofourTVprogramscometousthroughsatellites.Airplanepilotsalsosometimesuseasatellitetohelpthemfindtheirexactlocation.Weusesatellitestosendtelevisionpicturesfromonepartoftheworldtoanother.Theyareusually35880kilometersabovetheequator.Sometimeswecanseeasatelliteintheskyanditseemstostayinthesameplace.Thisisbecauseitismovingaroundtheworldat11000kilometersanhour—exactlythesamespeedthattheearthrotates.AsatellitemustorbittheEarthwithitsantennae天线facingtheearth.SometimesitmovesawayfromitsorbitSotherearelittlerocketsonitwhichareusedtoputthesatellitebackintherightposition.Thisusuallyhappensabouteveryfiveorsixdays.Spaceisnotempty!EveryweekmoreandmoresatellitesaresentintospacetoorbittheEarth.Asatelliteusuallyworksforabout10-12years.SatelliteswhicharebrokenaresometimesrepairedbyastronautsorsometimesbroughtbacktoEarthtoberepaired.OftenveryoldorbrokensatellitesareleftinspacetoorbittheEarthforaverylongtime.Thisisveryseriousbecausesomesatellitesusenuclearpowerandtheycancrashintoeachother.72.WhichofthefollowingisNOTdonebysatellitesaccordingtothepassage?A.Sendinginformationforweatherforecast.B.TakingphotographsoftheEarth.C.SendingTVpictures.D.Providingfoodforairplanepilots.73.What’sthespeedtheearthrotatesat?A.35880kilometersperhour.B.335880kilometersperhour.C.11000kilometersperhour.D.110000kilometersperhour74.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordThisinthe3rdparagraphreferto?A.Asatellite.B.Alittlerocket.C.Asatelliteseemstostayinthesameplaceinthesky.D.Thesatelliteputstherocketsintherightposition.75.Whichistrueofsatellites?A.Asatelliteusuallyworksforabout10-12years.B.EverytimeasatellitegetsbrokenitisbroughtbacktotheEarthtoberepaired.C.Abrokensatelliteisneverleftinspace.D.Theyoftencrashintoeachother.

Thecomputerkeyboardhelpedkillshorthand---asystemofrapidhandwritingandnowit'sthreateningtofinishoffhandwritingasawholE.WhenhandwrittenessayswereintroducedontheSATexamsfortheclassof2011just15%ofthemost1.5millionstudentswrotetheiranswersincursive草写字母.Therest?Blockletters.AndthosecollegehopefulsarejustthefirstedgeofawaveofUSstudentswhonolongergetmuchhandwritinginstructionsintheprimarygradesfrequently10minutesadayorless.AsaresultmoreandmorestudentsstruggletoreadandwritecursivE.AtKeeneMillElementarySchoolinSpringfieldalltheirpoemsandstoriesaretypeD.ChildreninFairfaxCountyschoolsaretaughtkeyboardingbeginninginkindergarten.Olderstudentswhonevermasteredhandwritingsayitdoesn'taffecttheirgrades.TherearethosewhosaythecultureisatacrossingturningfromthewrittenwordtothetypedonE.Ifhandwritingbecomesalostformofcommunicationdoesitmatter?ItwasatUniversityofVirginiathatresearchersrecentlydiscoveredapreviouslyunknownpoembyRobertwritteninhisuniquescript.Handwrittendocumentsaremorevaluabletoresearchershistorianssaybecausetheirauthenticity真实性canbeconfirmeD.Studentsalsofindthemmorefascinating.Thelossofhandwritingalsomaybeacognitive认知的opportunitymisseD.Severalacademicstudieshavefoundthatgoodhandwritingskillsatayoungagecanhelpchildrenexpresstheirthoughtsbetter---alifelongbenefit.Itdoesn'ttakemuchtoteachbetterhandwritingskills.AtsomeschoolsinPrinceGeorge'sCountyelementaryschoolstudentsuseaprogramcalledHandwritingWithoutTearsfor15minutesaday.TheylearnthecorrectformationofmanuscriptlettersthroughsecondgradeandcursivelettersinthirdgradE.Therearealwaysgoingtobesomekidswhostrugglewithhandwritingbecauseoftheirparticularneurological神经系统的wiringlearningissuesorpoormotorskills.Educatorsoftenpointtothisfactorinsupportofkeyboarding.67.Whatistheauthorconcernedaboutafter2011SATexams?A.Keyboarding.B.ShorthanD.C.Handwriting.D.Blockletters.68.A.poembyRobertmentionedinthepassageisusedto_________.A.provehowvaluablehandwritingisB.explainwhatafamouspoetheisC.showhowuniquehispoemisD.stresshowfascinatingthedocumentsare68.TheexampleofHandwritingWithoutTearshelpstoarguethat_________.A.theschoolsareresponsibleforthelossofhandwritingB.thelossofhandwritingisacognitiveopportunitymissedC.itdoesn'ttakemuchtoteachbetterhandwritingskillsD.thecultureisturningfromthewrittenwordtothetypedone70.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthisdebate?A.NegativE.B.Encouragement.C.Critical.D.ObjectivE.

Imagineit's2035.Youhaveagoodjobabigfamilyandyou'reabout40yearsolD.WelcometoyourfuturelifE.Gettingreadyforworkyoupauseinfrontofthemirror.Turnredyousay.YourshirtchangesfromskybluetodeepreD.Tinypreprogrammedelectronicsarerearrangedinyourshirttochangeitscolor.Lookingintothemirroryoufindithardtobelievethatyouare40.Youlookmuchyounger.Withamazingadvancesinmedicinepeopleinyourgenerationmaylivetobe150yearsolD.You'renotevenmiddle­ageD.Asyougointothekitchenandpreparetopouryourbreakfastcereal谷类食物intoabowlyouhear:Toloseweightyoushouldn'teatthatfromyourshoes.Theyreadthetinyelectroniccodeonthecerealboxtofindoutthenutritiondetails.Youdecidetolistentoyourshoes.KitchenwhatcanIhaveforbreakfastA.listofpossiblefoodsappearonthecounteraskitchenchecksitsfoodsupplies.ReadyforyourtriptospacE.Youaskyoursonanddaughter.Beforethe21stcenturyonlyspeciallytrainedastronautswentintospace—andveryfewofthem.Todayanyonecangotospacefordaytripsorlongervacation.YourbestfriendevenworksinspacE.HandingyourchildrenthreestrawberrieseachyouaddThedoctorsaidyouneedtheseforspacetravel.Thankstomedicaladvicevaccinationshots疫苗注射areathingofthepast.Ordinaryfoodscontainspecificvaccines.Withtheberriesintheirmouthsthekidsheadforthefrontdoor.It'stimeforyoutogotowork.Yourcarchecksyourfingerprintsandunlocksthedoors.MyofficE.Autopilot.YoucommanD.Yourcardrivesitselfdowntheroadandmovessmoothlyintotrafficonthehighway.Yousitbackandunrollyoure­newspaper.Thelatestnewsdownloadsandfillstheviewer.Lookingthroughthepagesyouwatchthenewsasvideofilmsratherthanreadit.20.Whatchangesthecolorofyourshirt?A.Themirror.B.Theshirtitself.C.Thecounter.D.ThemedicinE.21.Howdotheshoesknowthatyoushouldn'teatbreakfastcereal?A.Bypouringbreakfastcerealintoabowl.B.Bylisteningtothedoctor'sadvicE.C.Bytestingthefoodsuppliesinthekitchen.D.BycheckingthenutritiondetailsofthefooD.22.Howisthetextorganized?A.InorderoftimE.B.Inorderofcharacter.C.InorderofpreferencE.D.InorderofimportancE.

Doyouwanttoliveanother100yearsormore?Someexpertssaythatscientificprogresswillonedayhelphumanstolasttensofyearslongerthanwhatisnowseenasthenaturallimit限制ofthehumanlifespan寿命.Ithinkweareknockingatthedoorofimmortality永生saidMichaelZeyaMontclairStateUniversitybusinessprofessorandauthoroftwobooksonthefuturE.Ithinkby2075wewillseeitandthat’saconservativeestimate保守估计.AttheconferenceinSanFranciscoDonaldLouriaaprofessoratNewJerseyMedicalSchoolinNewarksaidprogressinusinggenesaswellasnanotechnology纳米技术makesitlikelythathumanswillliveinthefuturebeyondwhathasbeenpossibleinthepast.Thereisagreatpushsothatpeoplecanlivefrom120to180yearshesaiD.Somehavesuggestedthatthereisnolimitandthatpeoplecouldliveto200or300or500years.Howevermanyscientistswhoresearchintoagingaredoubtfulaboutitandsaythehumanbodyisjustnotdesignedtolastabout120years.Evenwithhealthierlifestylesandlessdiseasetheysayfailureofthebrainandorganswillfinallyleadallhumanstodeath.ScientistsalsodisagreeonwhatkindoflifethesuperagedmightlivE.Itremainstobeseenwhetheryoucouldbehealthyenoughtohavegoodqualityoflifewhenyoupass120.saidLeonardPoondirectoroftheUniversityofGeorgiaGerontologyCenter.Atpresentpeoplewhocouldgettothatpointarenotingoodhealthatall.67.BysayingweareknockingatthedoorimmortalityMichaelZeymeans_____.A.theybelievethatthereisnolimitoflivingB.theyaresuretofindthetruthaboutlonglivingC.theyhavegotsomeideasaboutlonglivingD.theyareabletomakepeoplelivebeyondthepresentlifespan68.DonaldLouria’sattitudetowardlonglivingisthat_____.A.peoplecanlivefrom120to180B.itisstilldoubtfulhowlonghumanscanliveC.thehumanbodyisdesignedtolastabout120yearsD.itispossibleforhumanstolivelongerinthefuture69.TheunderlineditParA.4refersto_____.A.agreatpushB.theideaoflivingbeyondthepresentlifespanC.theideaoflivingfrom200to300D.theconservativeestimate70.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthistext?A.LivinglongerornotB.SciencetechnologyandlonglivingC.NolimitforhumanlifeD.Healthylifestyleandlongliving

Astronomers天文学家saytheyareonthepointoffindingplanetslikeEarthorbitingotherstarswhichisakeystepindeterminingifwearealoneintheuniversE.AtopNASAofficialandotherleadingscientistssaythatwithinfourorfiveyearstheyshoulddiscoverthefirstEarth-likeplanetwherelifecoulddevelopormayhavealready.A.planetclosetothesizeofEarthcouldevenbefoundsometimethisyear.AttheannualAmericanAstronomicalSocietyconferencethisweekeachdiscoveryinvolvingso-calledexoplanets—thoseoutsideoursolarsystem—pointedtothesameconclusionQuietplanetslikeEarthwherelifecoulddevelopprobablyareplentiful.NASA’sDewKeplertelescopeandalotofnewresearchfromthesuddenlyhotandcompetitiveexoplanetfieldcausednoticeablebuzzatthemeeting.Scientistsaretalkingaboutbeingatanincrediblespecialplaceinhistoryandclosertoansweringthequestion.Arewealone?Forthefirsttimethere’sanoptimismthatsometimeinourlifetimeswe’regoingtogettothebottomofthatsaidSimonWordenanastronomerwhoheadsNASA’sAmesResearchCenter.IfIwereabettingmanwhichIamIwouldbetwe’renotalonE.ThesearebigquestionsthatreflectuponthemeaningofthehumanraceintheuniversethedirectoroftheVaticanObservatorytheRev.JoseFunessaidWednesdayinaninterviewatthisweek’sconferencE.WordentoldTheAssociatedPress:Iwouldcertainlyexpectinthenextfourorfiveyearswe’dhaveanEarth-sizedplanetinthehabitable可居住的zonE.49.Whatisveryimportantindeterminingifwearealoneintheuniverse?A.FindinganEarth-likeplanet.B.Orbitingotherstars.C.Developingnewtelescopes.D.Findingmoreexoplanets.50.What’sanexoplanet?A.It’saplanetlikeEarth.B.It’saplanetoutsideoursolarsystem.C.It’saplanetorbitingthesun.D.It’saplanetwherelifehavedevelopeD.51.Theunderlinedphrasegettothebottomofprobablymeans__________.A.understandfullyB.makefulluseofC.searchforD.domoreresearchon52.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat__________.A.anEarth-likeplanethasbeenfoundB.it’sbeenprovedwearenotaloneintheuniverseC.JoseFuneshasfoundthemeaningofthehumanraceintheuniverseD.thediscoveryofanEarth-likeplanetcouldhappeninthenearfuture

EveryspringscoresofpeopleflocktotheBuzzardFestivalatHinckleyOhio.Theycometowatchforbuzzards.MostwoulD.BegladjusttotakealookatabuzzarD.Iftheydoseeoneoftheseflyinggarbagecansitwillprobablybecirclinghighinthesky.Fromthereitcanwatchthegroundforsignsofthewasteandthedeadanimalsonwhichitfeeds.ThebuzzardistheugliestbirdintheUnitedStates.InfactitmaywellbetheugliestbirD.intheworlD.IthasasmallbarepinkheaD.Itsthickbodyiscoveredwithdarkroughfeathers.InspiteofitslooksthebuzzardisimportanttothepeopleofHinckley.Itistheirfirstsignofspring.Afterawinterinthesouthbuzzardsreturntotheirhomesinthenorth.IntheHinckleyareatheyalwaysreturnonMarch15.Nooneknowswhy.ButtheyhavecomebacktoHinckleyRidgeonthatdaysureasclocksworkforatleastfortyyears.TheexcitementstartsinFebruary.BythemiddleofMarchithasreachedahighpeak.BetsareplaceD.PrizesgotothepersonwhoseesthefirstbuzzarD.Radiostationsandnewspaperstellofthecomingfestival.AndontheweekendafterMarch15thepeopleofHinckleyholdtheirBuzzardFestival.ThepeoplecomeandlookarounD.Theychat.Theyeattheirfillofpancakesandsausages.ThentheydrivepastBuzzard'sRoostonHinckleyRidgE.A.lotofthemstopneartheroadatthestandsetuptogiveinformationtovisitors.TheretheycanhearfromarecordingthemainfactsaboutthebuzzarD.TheycanseeastuffedbuzzarD.Theycanlookatsomepicturestakenofbuzzardsinotheryears.Withgoodluckandastrongpairoffieldglassestheymaysightoneortwolivebuzzardshighinthesky.Buzzardsmaybeugly.Theymaybeflyinggarbagecans.ButinHinckleytheyarejustaswelcomeastheswallowsinCapistranoCaliforniA.ItwouldbeasadspringindeedifthebuzzardseverfailedtocomebacktoHinckleyRidgE.60.A.goodtitleforthisstorywouldbe__________.A.TheHinckleyBuzzardFestivalB.BuzzardtheUgliestBirdC.WhytheBuzzardHasaPinkHeadD.TheReturnofTheGarbageCan61.Thebuzzardiscalledtheflyinggarbagecanbecauseit__________.A.isuglyB.eatswasteanddeadanimalsC.lookslikeagarbagecanD.collectrubbishontheground62.ThesurprisingthingaboutHinckley'sbuzzardsisthat＿.A.theyspendthewinterinthesouthB.theycomeveryclosetothetownC.theyreturnonthesamedayeachyearD.bothbuzzardsandswallowsreturntoCapistranoonMarch1563.AttheinformationstandvisitorstoHinckley'sBuzzardFestivalcan_________.A.learnsomefactsabout.thebuzzardB.easilyseealivebuzzardC.takesomepictureswiththebackgroundoflivebuzzardsD.feedtheirfillofpancakesandsausagestobuzzards

Thefactthatblindpeoplecanseethingsusingotherpartsoftheirbodiesapartfromtheireyesmayhelpustounderstandourfeelingsaboutcolor.Iftheycansensecolordifferencesthenperhapswetooareaffected影响bycolorwithoutknowingit.Salesmenhavediscoveredbyexperienceoveralongperiodoftimethatsugarsellsbadlyingreenwrappings包装thatbluefoodsareconsiderednotagreeabletothetasteandthatcosmetics化妆品shouldneverbepackedinbrown.Thesediscoverieshavegrownintoawholesubjectofcolorpsychology心理学.Someofourpreferences偏爱areclearlypsychological.Darkblueisthecolorofthenightskyandthereforeconnectedwithcalmwhileyellowisadaycolorconnectedwithenergyandencouragement.Experimentshaveshownthatcolorspartlybecausetheyareconnectedwithpsychologyalsohaveadirecteffectonpeople’sminD.Peopleinbrightredsurroundings环境showanincreaseinbreathingspeedheartbeatandbloodpressurE.Redisexciting.Purebluehasexactlytheoppositeeffect;itisacalmingcolor.Beingexcitingredwaschosenasthesignalfordangerbutacloserstudyshowsthatabrightyellowcanproduceamorebasicstateofalarmsofireenginesinsomeadvancedareasarenowrushingaroundinbrightyellowcolorsthatstopbusestrucksandcars.68.Thepassagetellsusthatsalesmenhave_______.A.foundoutthatcolorsaffectsalesB.discoveredtherelationshipbetweencolorandpsychologyC.triedcolorsonblindpeopleD.developedaspecialsubjectofcolorpsychology69.Ifpeopleareexposedto置身于pureblue_______.A.theirbodypressurerisesB.theywon’teasilyfeelnervousC.theywanttotastebluefoodsD.theywillfeellikebuyingthings70.Whichofthefollowingdoyouthinkisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.ColorandFeelingsB.ColorsandSalesC.TheBlindandColorsD.PreferencesforColors

HunanSatelliteTVislosingitsleadingposition?There’sreasonforsayingthis.In2012therealitytalentshowthevoiceofChinaontheZhejiangTelevisionbecamethemostpopularprograminChinA.Thereaonforitspopularitywasreallybecauseitsexcellentquality?Orcanweassumethatwithoutanyopponent对手wecan’ttellacontestant参赛者iswinningbecauseheisreallytalentedorbecausethere’snocomparison?TheadministrativedepartmentreallycontributedalotinthepopularityofthevoiceofChina.Inthepasttherewasnootherdraftshows选秀节目rankedashighasSuperGirlandSuperBoy.EventhoughthereweresomedraftshowswhichseemedtosharethepopularityitneverturnedouttruE.AlltheotherdraftshowswereshodowedbytheonesonHunanTV.OneexamplewasthatsincedraftshowsofHunanTVwerebroadcastonFridaynightthedraftshowsofotherstationswereshiftedtoSaturdayorSunday.HoweverHunanTVdidn’tgettheirpermissionforbroadcastingshowsin2012.AndifthiswerenotbadenoughSARFTdidagreatfavorforit.SARFTissuedaregulationsayingthatalldraftshowsshouldbebroadcastafter10:30pmatnight.ZhejiangTVdeclaredlongbeforetheregulationthatsincewasnoaudition海选noPKnoriseinranknovotingnochampionitsprogramwasneveradraftshow.Soin2012alltheopponentsofZhejiangTVhadtobroadcasttheirdraftshowsafter10:30pmwhilethevoiceofChinawaspermittedtobebroadcastinprimetimE.Ifyoureallythinkaboutitthere’snoesentialdifferentbetweenadraftshowandthevoiceofChina.Italsoselectedpeoplefromalloverthecountryhowdidtheysaythisweredifferentfromadraftshow?NoPKreally?PKdoesn’tmeanoneversusone！A.teamversusateamiscalledPKtoo.Andnoriseinrank?isjustaswitchofconceptsbecauseattheendofeverygamesomeleftthestageandsomestayeD.IftherewasreallynochampionhowcometherewasonlyonegoodvoiceofChinaatthefinalround?Allthesewererisinginrankindisguise隐性.UndersuchcimcumstancethevoiceofChinaevengotpraisE.Wearenotsayingthatitisnotagoodshow:wearesayingthatthere’sregretabouttheshowsinceithadnoopponent.58.ThefollowingfactorsareimportantinmakingthevoiceofChinapopularEXCEPT______.A.theuniquequalityofthevoiceofChinaB.thepolicysupportfromSARFTandtheadministrativedepartmentC.thefavorablebroadcastingtimE.D.theshortageofgoodopponents59.Thepassagemainlytellsus______A.thevoiceofChinaisnotarealdraftshowB.theadvantagesofthevoiceofChinaC.thedraftshowsofHunanSatelliteTVstillcauseourattentionD.thereasonsforHunanSatelliteTVislosingitsleadingposition60.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthevoiceofChina?A.supportiveB.hopefulC.doubtfulD.optimistic

BasedonnewanalysiswearerapidlyapproachingmajorclimatechangeandtheeffectsonsocietyandtheenvironmentcouldbequiteseverE.Geographerspredictthatwithinthenexteightyyearscurrentworldclimatezonescouldshiftandsomecouldcompletelydisappear.Polarregionswillgetcolderwhiletropicalregionswillgetevenhotterforcinganimalstomigrate迁徙north.Climatechangeslikethesecouldleadtothespreadofdiseases.TropicalstormsandhurricaneswillnotonlyincreasebutmayalsobecomemoreintensE.Ifthechangescometooquicklyanimalandplantspeciesmaynotbeabletoadaptfastenoughandcoulddisappear.AccordingtoScienceDailyanewstudypredictsthatbytheyear2100manyoftoday’sfamiliarclimateswillbereplacedbyclimatesunknownintoday’sworlD.Itisurgentthatwereducetherisksofthesefar-reachingconsequencesforthewholeworlD.TheplanetitselfhasbeenshowingsignsofchangE.In2004aserioustsunamicreatedbyamajorearthquakekilledthousandsinSumatraandin2008thousandsdiedinChinabecauseofanothersevereearthquakE.Egyptwashitin2009withamajorearthquakeandHaitiwasdevastatedin2010byyetanothermassiveearthquakE.Withinjustthelastfewmonthsnewreportsfromaroundtheworldhavebeencominginandmostagreethatourclimatesituationismuchworsethanpreviouslythought.Atthispointitdoesn’tmatterwhatiscausingitbutratherwhatcanbedoneaboutit.What’smoreourworldisgettingmoreandmoreunstableeveryyear.ThereiswarandthreatofwareverywherE.Naturaldisastersarebecomingmorefrequentandserious.Howeverotherplanetsareexperiencingglobalwarmingaswellasourownandsomescientistsbelievetheremaybesomeconnectionbetweenthis.NooneknowsanythingforsureatthispointbecausethereissimplynotenoughdatA.39.WhichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthePassage?A.Waystoprotectourplanet.B.SolutionstoclimatechangE.C.BepreparedforclimatechangE.D.Climatechangeanditseffects.40.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinusingtheexamplesofearthquakes?A.ToshowthedamageearthquakescauseD.B.Toremindpeopletopreventfutureearthquakes.C.Toshowmajorchangesaretakingplaceontheplanet.D.TotellusmoreearthquakeswillhappeninthefuturE.41.WhatdoestheunderlinedworddevastatedinParagraph3mean?A.SeparateD.B.DestroyeD.C.RemoveD.D.AffecteD.42.WhatcanbeinferredfromthePassage?A.Animalsandplantswon’tdieoutaslongasclimatechangesslowly.B.There’senoughdataforustopredictthefutureofclimatechangE.C.Theworldisgettingmoreunstablebecauseofanimalmigration.D.TheearthisnottheonlyplanetthatisexperiencingclimatechangE.

Thecomputerkeyboardhelpedkillshorthand---asystemofrapidhandwritingandnowit'sthreateningtofinishoffhandwritingasawholE.WhenhandwrittenessayswereintroducedontheSATexamsfortheclassof2011just15%ofthemost1.5millionstudentswrotetheiranswersincursive草写字母.Therest?Blockletters.AndthosecollegehopefulsarejustthefirstedgeofawaveofUSstudentswhonolongergetmuchhandwritinginstructionsintheprimarygradesfrequently10minutesadayorless.AsaresultmoreandmorestudentsstruggletoreadandwritecursivE.AtKeeneMillElementarySchoolinSpringfieldalltheirpoemsandstoriesaretypeD.ChildreninFairfaxCountyschoolsaretaughtkeyboardingbeginninginkindergarten.Olderstudentswhonevermasteredhandwritingsayitdoesn'taffecttheirgrades.TherearethosewhosaythecultureisatacrossingturningfromthewrittenwordtothetypedonE.Ifhandwritingbecomesalostformofcommunicationdoesitmatter?ItwasatUniversityofVirginiathatresearchersrecentlydiscoveredapreviouslyunknownpoembyRobertwritteninhisuniquescript.Handwrittendocumentsaremorevaluabletoresearchershistorianssaybecausetheirauthenticity真实性canbeconfirmeD.Studentsalsofindthemmorefascinating.Thelossofhandwritingalsomaybeacognitive认知的opportunitymisseD.Severalacademicstudieshavefoundthatgoodhandwritingskillsatayoungagecanhelpchildrenexpresstheirthoughtsbetter---alifelongbenefit.Itdoesn'ttakemuchtoteachbetterhandwritingskills.AtsomeschoolsinPrinceGeorge'sCountyelementaryschoolstudentsuseaprogramcalledHandwritingWithoutTearsfor15minutesaday.TheylearnthecorrectformationofmanuscriptlettersthroughsecondgradeandcursivelettersinthirdgradE.Therearealwaysgoingtobesomekidswhostrugglewithhandwritingbecauseoftheirparticularneurological神经系统的wiringlearningissuesorpoormotorskills.Educatorsoftenpointtothisfactorinsupportofkeyboarding.67.Whatistheauthorconcernedaboutafter2011SATexams?A.Keyboarding.B.ShorthanD.C.Handwriting.D.Blockletters.68.A.poembyRobertmentionedinthepassageisusedto_________.A.provehowvaluablehandwritingisB.explainwhatafamouspoetheisC.showhowuniquehispoemisD.stresshowfascinatingthedocumentsare68.TheexampleofHandwritingWithoutTearshelpstoarguethat_________.A.theschoolsareresponsibleforthelossofhandwritingB.thelossofhandwritingisacognitiveopportunitymissedC.itdoesn'ttakemuchtoteachbetterhandwritingskillsD.thecultureisturningfromthewrittenwordtothetypedone70.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthisdebate?A.NegativE.B.Encouragement.C.Critical.D.ObjectivE.

Doctorssayangercanbeanextremelydamagingemotionunlessyoulearnhowtodealwithit.Theywarnthatangercanleadtoheartdiseasestomachproblemsheadachesemotionalproblemsandpossiblycancer.AngerisanormalemotionthatweallfeelfromtimetotimE.Somepeopleexpressangeropenlyinacalmreasonableway.Othersburstwithangerandscreamandyell.ButotherpeoplekeeptheirangerinsidE.Theycannotorwillnotexpressit.Thisiscalledrepressinganger.Foryearsmanydoctorsthoughtthatrepressingangerwasmoredangeroustoaperson’shealththanexpressingit.Theysaidthatwhenapersonisangrythebrainreleasesthesamehormones荷尔蒙.Theyspeedtheheartrateraisebloodpressureorsugarintothebloodetc.Ingeneralthepersonfeelsexcitedandreadytoact.Somedoctorssaythatbothrepressingandexpressingangercanbedangerous.TheybelievethatthosewhoexpressangerferociouslymaybemorelikelytodevelopheartdiseaseandtheybelievethatthosewhokeeptheirangerinsidemayfaceagreaterdangerofhighbloodpressurE.Doctorssaythesolutionislearninghowtodealwithanger.Theysaythefirststepistoadmitthatyouareangryandtorecognizetherealcauseoftheangerandthendecideifthecauseisseriousenoughtogetangryabout.IfitistheysayDonotexpressyourangerwhileangry.Waituntilyourangerhascooleddownandyouareabletoexpressyourselfcalmlyandreasonably.Doctorssaythatagoodwaytodealwithangeristofindhumorinthesituationthathasmadeyouangry.Theysaidthatlaughterismuchhealthierthananger.57.TheunderlinedwordferociouslyinParagraph2probablymeans_______.A.mildlyB.fiercelyC.frequentlyD.hardly58.Whichstatementisrightaccordingtothepassage?A.Ifyouwereangryyouwouldgetcancer.B.Onceyouareangryyouwillgetcancer.C.Thoughyouareoftenangryyoucan’tgetcancer.D.Angermaycauseyouacancer.59.Expressingangerferociously_______repressingitaccordingtosomescientists.A.isjustthesameasB.ismoreharmfulthanC.isnobetterthanD.ismuchbetterthan60.Accordingtotheauthoryou’dbetter_______.A.neverbeangryB.coolitdownbeforeyouexpressyourangerC.laughwhenyougetangryD.admityouarewrongwhenyouareangry61.Themainpurposeofthetextisto_______.A.describepeople’sbehavioratanger.B.presentdoctors’differentattitudestowardsanger.C.stresstheharmofanger.D.instructpeoplehowtodealwithanger.

H.owcouldwepossiblythinkthatkeepinganimalsincagesinunnaturalenvironments---mostlyforentertainmentpurposes---isfairandrespectful?Zooofficialssaytheyareconcernedaboutanimals.Howevermostzoosremaincollectionsofinterestingthingsratherthanprotectivehabitats.Zoosteachpeoplethatitisacceptabletokeepanimalsboredlonelyandfarfromtheirnaturalhomes.Zooclaimstoeducatepeopleandsaveendangeredspeciesbutvisitorsleaveszooswithouthavinglearnedanythingmeaningfulabouttheanimals’naturalbehaviourintelligenceorbeauty.Zookeepsanimalsinsmallspacesorcagesandmostsignsonlymentionthespecies’namedietandnaturalrangE.Theanimals’normalbehaviorisseldomnoticedbecausezoosdon’tusuallytakecareoftheanimals’naturalneeds.TheanimalsarekepttogetherinsmallspaceswithnoprivacyandlittleopportunityformentalandphysicalexercisE.Thisresultsinunusualandself-destructivebehaviorcalledzoochosis.A.worldwidestudyofzoosfoundthatzoochosiscommonamonganimalskeptinsmallspacesorcages.Anotherstudyshowedthatelephantsspend22percentoftheirtimemakingrepeatedheadmovementsorbitingcagebarsandbearsspend30percentoftheirtimewalkingbackandforthasignofunhappinessandpain.FurthermoremostanimalsinzoosarenotendangereD.Captivebreeding圈养繁殖ofendangeredbigcatsAsianelephantsandanotherspecieshasnotresultedintheirbeingsentbacktothewilD.Zoostalkalotabouttheircaptivebreedingprogramsbecausetheydonotwantpeopletoworryaboutaspeciesdyingout.Infactbabyanimalsalsoattractalotofpayingcustomers.Haven’tweseenenoughcompetitionstonamebabyanimals?Actuallywestillsaveendangeredspeciesonlyifwesavetheirhabitatsandputanendtothereasonspeoplekillthem.Insteadofsupportingzoosweshouldsupportgroupsthatworktoprotectanimals’naturalhabitats.36.Howwouldtheauthordescribetheanimals’lifeinZoos?A.DangerousB.UnhappyC.NaturalD.Easy37.Inthestateofzoochosisanimals_______________.A.remainincagesB.behavestrangelyC.attackotheranimalsD.enjoymovingaround38.Accordingtothepassagewhatpointofviewdoestheauthorhold?A.Zoosarenotworththepublicsupport.B.Zoosfailintheirattempttosaveanimals.C.Zoosshouldtreatanimalsashumanbeings.D.Zoosuseanimalsasameansofentertainment.39.Theauthortriestopersuadereaderstoaccepthisargumentmainlyby________.A.pointingoutthefaultsinwhatzoosdoB.usingevidencehehascollectedatzoosC.exploringthewayanimalsareprotectedD.discussingtheadvantagesofnaturalhabitats40.Althoughhearguesagainstzoostheauthorwouldstillagreethat___________.A.zooshavetokeepanimalsinsmallspacesB.mostanimalsinzoosareendangeredspeciesC.someendangeredanimalsarereproducedinzoosD.it’sacceptabletokeepanimalsawayfromtheirhabitats

Bambooflooring竹地板isagrowingtrendinhomeflooringandisalsoagreatimprovementtotraditionalhardwoodfloors.Itisthemostenvironmentallyfriendlykindofnaturalflooringthatyoucanselectforyourhome.Itisalsoarenewable可再生的resourceisstrongerthansteelanddoesnotsufferfromproblemsasaresultoftemperaturechanges.Bambooisoneofthefastestgrowingplantsonearthandonlytakesfiveyearstogrowtoadultform.Bambooisharvestedeveryfiveyearsandstartstore-growimmediatelyafterbeingharvested.Forthisreasonbambooisakindofgrassnotatree.Bambooishollow空心的butveryhardandcanstandupto50000poundsofpressurepersquareinch.Bambooflooringhasbecomeverypopularwithitsrichandbeautifulgoldenearthcolors.Butitisimportanttoshoparoundforagood-qualitybambooflooringproductthatcontainsnoformaldehydes甲醛whichissaidtobethebestkindofbambooflooring.Manybrandsusecheaperbamboothatmaycontainformaldehydesandthiscancauseindoorairpollutionproblemsascertainchemicalmaterialsinthebambooslowlyreleasetheirpollutantsintotheair.Sowhyshouldweturntobambootosavetheenviroment?Infactbamboocannotsavetheenvironmentdirectlybutitisanexcellentreplacementproductformuchofthehardwoodspeciesoftreesthatarebeingharvestedinrainforests.Onceharvestedifthesehardwoodtreesdogrowbackitcantakeupto200years!Rainforestsarethelungsofourplanetandtheymakeasignificantcontributiontoglobaloxygenproduction.Byselectingbamooflooringyoucanreducethedemandforhardwoodmaterialsandhelpsavetheenvironmentforfuturegenerations.Ofcourseeveryonewantstobuygood-qualitybambooflooring.Thebrands品牌fromourshopareveryhighinqualityandhavereceivedalotofpublicpraise.67.Bambooisakindofgrassbecause_______.A.itgrowsquicklyB.itisn’tashighasatreeC.itdoesn’tgrowinforestsD.itishollow68.Whatkindofbambooflooringisbest?A.Thestrongestkind.B.Themostexpensivekind.C.Thekindthathasabeautifulcolor.D.Thekindthatcontainsnoformaldehydes.69.Howcanbamboomakeacontributiontotheenvironment?A.Itcandirectlyimprovetheenvironment.B.Itdoesnotreleaseformalddehydesatall.C.Itcanreplacehardwoodtreeproducts.D.Itcanproducealotofoxygen.70.Theauthorwrotethispassageinorderto_______.A.explaintheimportanceofbambooflooringB.tellushisorherownbambooflooringbrandsaregoodC.tellpeopletocaremoreabouttheenvironmentD.discussthehistoryofhardwoodflooring

Noonecanchangetheweather.Nobodycancontroltheweather.ButifwereadcorrectlythesignsarounduswecantellwhatthemoreimportantchangesintheweatherwillbE.Thiswayoftellingwhattheweatherwillbelikeonthefollowingdayortwoiscalledweatherforecasting.Formanycenturiesandinallcountriespeoplehavestudiedtheweatherandtriedtomakeweatherforecasting.Ringsaroundthesunareasignofcomingrain.Thatmanypeoplefeeltheirjoints关节hurtisasignofwetweather.Somebirdsflyhighiftheweatherisfinebuttheyflynearthegroundifrainyorstormyweatherisontheway.IfyouseearainbowduringrainyweatherthisisasignthattheweatherwillbecomeclearandfinE.Suchrainbowscomeintheevening.IfthestarstwinkleclearlyatnightthenfineweatherwillcontinuE.Ifafogappearsinthemorningjustaboveariverthenthedaywillbewarm.IfthesunsetismostlyredincolourthenthefollowingdaywillbefinE.IfarainbowappearsinthemorningrainyweatherwillprobablycomE.Mostoftheabovesayingshavebeenmadebythepeoplewhohaveusedtheireyesandbrainstomakeweatherforecasting.40.Whichistrueaboutweatherforecasting?A.WeatherforecastingisawayoftellingwhattheweatherwillbelikE.B.Weatherforecastingisareportabouttheweather.C.Weatherforecastingisasignofcomingrain.D.Peoplecanchangetheweatherforecasting.41.Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedheretoreplacetheunderlinedphraseontheway?A.continuingB.reducing.C.coming.D.disappearing42.Whichofthefollowingsignscantelltheweatherwillprobablyberainy?A.Somebirdsflyhigh.B.A.rainbowappearsinthemorning.C.Thesunsetismostlyredincolour.D.Fogsappearinthemorningjustaboveariver.43.Thebesttitleofthepassageis_______.A.WeatherforecastingplaysanimportantroleinourlifeB.WeatherforecastingcanbringpeoplesomesignsofweatherC.Weatherisforecastedonlybyeyesandbrains.D.Peoplecanpredictweatherbyexperienceindailylife