While global warming and ocean acidification driven by pollution cause a real threat to sea creatures, climate change is not the primary driver threatening to cause the extinction (灭绝)of large ocean animals. It is humans that are threatening large sea creatures primarily by hunting and fishing them. Researchers findings reflect a phenomenon experienced by ancient land ecosystems (生态系统）.These losses in the ocean are paralleling what humans did to land animals sonic 50,000 to 10,000 years ago. when we wiped out around half of the big-bodied mammals on Earth, like mammoths, mastodons. saber-tooth cats and the likE. The increasing threat to large groups of sea animals is a recent phenomenon. The researchers made this discovery by comparing characteristics of nearly 2,500 extinct sea vertebrates and mollusks alongside others currently in danger of extinction. They found that smaller sea animals were a little more likely than large ones to be killed off during five previous mass extinction events—the most recent of which was associated with a small planet's strike some 65 million years ago. What was surprising to the reseachere was that they did not see a similar kind of pattern in any of the previous mass extinction events that they studieD. The study shows that a sixth mass extinction, which may already be underway could kill off larger-bodied animals while leaving smaller ones behinD. That could have a terrible long-term impact. Such removal of the largest animals from the modern oceans, which never happened in the history of animal life，may disturb the order of ecosystems for millions of years even at levels of taxonomic loss far below those of previous mass extinctions. This news should serve as ii wake-up call for humans to fundamentally change the way they manage the oceans. That is to say，it is a warning of what will happen if we don’t get our act together. Limiting industrialization of the oceans may be necessary to give threatened animals time and space to recover. Most whaling has been banned since the 1980s. We have brought gray whales back from the edge of extinction and blue whales are coming back too. The researchers point out that cutting back on carbon emissions (排放) will also be necessary lo slow extinctions. 58. Pantgraph 2 is intended to tell us that . A.both land animals and sea animals die out because of humans B.big-bodied animals were killed as they were threat to humans C. humans tended to kill animals on land instead of those in seas D. humans have been main killers of animals for a very long time 59. What can we learn from the researcher's , studies about animal extinction? A. It is easier for sea creatures to go extinct than land ones. B. The patterns of sea animal mass extinction are irregular. C. Humans were responsible for all (hose extinctions, D. Small-bodied creatucs produce I heir young more easily, 60. Which does the passage suggest is the most important in stopping sea animal extinction? A. To completely ban people from hunting them. B. To fully realize the urgency of protecting them. C. To unconditionally release kss CO2 into the air. D. To reasonably keep control of the trade in them.

Farfromthetraditionalimageofacultureofaggressivemasculinity阳刚inwhichstudentseithersinkorswimtheabsenceofgirlsgivesboysthechancetodevelopwithoutpressuretoconform符合toastereotypeaUSstudysays.Boysatsingle-sexschoolsweresaidtobemorelikelytogetinvolvedinculturalandartisticactivitiesthathelpeddeveloptheiremotionalexpressivenessratherthanfeelingtheyhadtoconformtotheboycodeofhidingtheiremotionstobearealman.Thefindingsofthestudygoagainstreceivedwisdomthatboysdobetterwhentaughtalongsidegirls.TonyLittleheadmasterofEtonwarnedthatboyswerebeingfadedbytheBritisheducationsystembecauseithadbecometoofocusedongirls.Hecriticizedteachersforfailingtorecognizethatboysareactuallymoreemotionalthangirls.Theresearcharguedthatboysoftenperformbadlyinmixedschoolsbecausetheybecomediscouragedwhentheirfemalepeersdobetterearlierinspeakingandreadingskills.Butinsingle-sexschoolsteacherscantailorlessonstoboys’learningstylelettingthemmovearoundtheclassroomandgettingthemtocompeteinteamstopreventboredomwrotethestudy’sauthorAbigailJamesoftheUniversityofVirginiA.Teacherscouldencourageboystoenjoyreadingandwritingwithspecificallyboy-focusedapproachessuchasthemesandcharactersthatappealtothem.Becauseboysgenerallyhavemoreacutevisionlearnbestthroughtouchandarephysicallymoreactivetheyneedtobegivenhands-onlessonswheretheyareallowedtowalkarounD.Boysinmixedschoolsviewclassicalmusicasfeminine女性的andpreferthemodernstyleinwhichviolenceandsexismaremajorthemesJameswrotE.Single-sexeducationalsomadeitlesslikelythatboyswouldfeeltheyhadtoconformtoastereotypethatmenshouldbemasterfulandinchargeinrelationships.InmixedschoolsboysfeelforcedtoactlikemenbeforetheyunderstandthemselveswellenoughtoknowwhatthatmeansthestudyreporteD.32.WhatdoesTonyLittlesayabouttheBritisheducationsystem?A.Itmakesgirlslessemotionalthanboys.B.Itfailsmoreboysthangirlsacademically.C.ItfailstogiveboystheattentiontheyneeD.D.Itplacesmorepressureonboysthanongirls.33.AccordingtoAbigailJamesboysperformbetterinsingle-sexschoolsbecause________.A.boyscanchoosetolearnwhatevertheyareinterestedinB.boysfocusmoreontheirlessonswithoutbeingdisturbedC.teachingqualityisrelativelyhigherthaninmixedschoolsD.teachingcanbedesignedtosuitthecharacteristicsofboys34.WhichofthefollowingisNOTcharacteristicofboys?A.Boyshavesharpervision.B.BoysenjoybeinginchargE.C.Boyslikehands-onlessons.D.Boyspreferphysicalactivities.35.Whatismainlydiscussedinthepassage?A.Problemsboysmayhaveinmixedschools.B.Boys’physicalandmentalgrowthinschool.C.Advantagesofsingle-sexeducationforboys.D.Boys’disadvantagesovergirlsinmixedschools.

Manyanimalsrecognizetheirfoodbecausetheyseeit.Sodohumans.Whenyouseeanappleorapieceofchocolateyouknowthatthesearethingsyoucaneat.YoucanalsouseothersenseswhenyouchooseyourfooD.YoumaylikeitbecauseitsmellsgoodorbecauseittastesgooD.YoumaydislikesometypesoffoodbecausetheydonotlooksmellortasteverynicE.DifferentanimalsusedifferentsensestofindandchoosetheirfooD.A.fewanimalsdependononlyoneoftheirsenseswhilemostanimalsusemorethanonesensE.AlthoughtherearemanydifferenttypesoffoodsomeanimalsspendtheirliveseatingonlyonetypE.Thegiantpanda大熊猫eatsonlyoneparticulartypeofbamboo竹子.OtheranimalseatonlyonetypeoffoodevenwhengiventhechoicE.A.kindofwhitebutterfly蝴蝶willstayontheleavesofacabbageeventhoughthereareplentyofothervegetablesinthegarden.Howevermostanimalshaveamorevarieddiet多样化饮食.Thebeareatsfruitsandfish.Thefoxeatssmallanimalsbirdsandfruits.Thedietoftheseanimalswillbedifferentdependingontheseason.Humanshaveaveryvarieddiet.Weofteneatfoodbecausewelikesitandnotbecauseitisgoodforus.IncountriessuchasFranceandBritainpeopleeatfoodswithtoomuchsugar.Thismakesthemoverweightwhichisbadfortheirhealth.Eatingtoomuchredmeatandanimalproductssuchasbuttercanalsobebadforthehealth.ChoosingtherightfoodthereforehasbecomeanareaofstudyinmodernlifE.38.Wecaninferfromthetextthathumansandanimals_______.A.dependononesenseinchoosingfoodB.arenotsatisfiedwiththeirfoodC.choosefoodinsimilarwaysD.catentirolydifferentfood39.Whichofthefollowingeatsonlyonetypeoffood?A.Thewhitebutterfly.B.ThesmallbirD.C.Thebear.D.Thefox.40.Certainanimalschangetheirchoiceoffoodwhen______.A.thefoodcolorchangesB.theseasonchangesC.theymovetodifferentplacesD.theyareattractedbydifferentsmells41.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthat_______.A.foodischosenforagoodreasonB.FrenchandBritishfoodisgoodC.somepeoplehavefewchoicesoffoodD.somepeoplecarelittleabouthealthydiet

DeathValleyisoneofthemostfamousdesertsintheUnitedStatescoveringawideareawithitssanD.Almost20percentofthisareaiswellbelowsealevelandBadwaterasaltwaterpoolisabout280feetbelowsealevelandthelowestpointintheUnitedStates.LongagotheIndianscalledthisplaceTomesha—thelandoffirE.DeathValley’spresentnamedatesbackto1849whenagroupofminerscomingfromNevadabecamelostinitsunpleasantnessandhugenessandtheiradventureturnedouttobeasadstory.TodayDeathValleyhasbeencalledaNationalMonument遗迹andiscrossedbyseveralwell-markedroadswheregoodservicescanbefoundeasily.Luckilythechangecreatedbyhumansettlementhasscarcely几乎没有ruinedthespecialbeautyofthisplacE.Herenaturecreatedalotofsurprisingsightsalmostlikethesightsonthemoonever-changingasthefrequentwindmovesthesandaboutshowingthemostunusualcolors.OneofthemostastonishingandchangeablepartsofDeathValleyistheDevil’sGolfCoursewhereitseemshardforonetotellrealityfromterribledreams.Sandsculptures沙雕standonafrighteninggroundaseveningshadowsmoveandlengthen.25.Accordingtothefirstparagraph______isthelowestplaceintheUnitedStates.A.TomeshaB.DeathValleyC.NevadaD.Badwater26.DevilGolfCourseisfamousfor_______.A.thefrequentwindB.thecolorsofthesandC.dream-likesightsD.thesandsculptures27.Fromthepassagewecanseethatthewriter_______theDeathValley.A.appreciatesB.isfearfulofC.dislikesD.istiredof

Aresomepeopleborncleverandothersbornstupid?Orisintelligencedevelopedbyourenvironmentandourexperience?Strangelyenoughtheanswertothesequestionsisyes.Tosomeextent程度ourintelligenceisgiventousatbirthandnoamountofeducationcanmakeagenius天才outofachildbornwithlowintelligencE.Ontheotherhandachildwholivesinaboringenvironmentwilldevelophisintelligencelessthanonewholivesinrichandvariedsurroundings.Thusthelimitsofperson'sintelligencearefixedatbirthwhetherornothereachesthoselimitswilldependonhisenvironment.Thisviewnowheldbymostexpertscanbesupportedinanumberofways.Itiseasytoshowthatintelligenceistosomeextentsomethingwearebornwith.ThecloserthebloodrelationshipbetweentwopeopletheclosertheyarelikelytobeintelligencE.Thusifwetaketwounrelatedpeopleatrandomfrompopulationitislikelythattheirdegreeofintelligencewillbecompletelydifferent.Ifontheotherhandwetaketwoidenticaltwins同卵双胞胎theywillverylikelybeasintelligentaseachother.Relationslikebrothersandsistersparentsandchildrenusuallyhavesimilarintelligenceandthisclearlysuggeststhatintelligencedependsonbirth.Imaginenowthatwetaketwoidenticaltwinsandputthemindifferentenvironments.Wemightsendoneforexampletoauniversityandtheothertoafactorywheretheworkisboring.Wewouldsoonfinddifferencesinintelligencedevelopingandthisindicatesthatenvironmentaswellasbirthplaysapart.ThisconclusionisalsosuggestedbythefactthatpeoplewholiveinclosecontactwitheachotherbutwhoarenotrelatedatallarelikelytohavesimilardegreeofintelligencE.68.Thewriterisinfavoroftheviewthatman'sintelligenceisgiventohim_________.A.atbirthB.througheducationC.bothatbirthandthrougheducationD.neitheratbirthnorthrougheducation69.Byusingtheexamplethattwopeoplecloserinbloodrelationshiparecloserinintelligencethewriterwantstoprove.A.intelligencecanbedevelopedbyenvironmentB.intelligenceisgivenatbirthC.intelligencecanbedevelopedbyexperienceD.educationplaysanimportantpartinthedevelopmentofeducation70.Achildwholivesinrichandvariedsurroundingsturnsouthigherinintelligencebecause.A.hisfamilyisrichandthereforecanaffordtodevelophisintelligenceB.hecanbreakthelimitsofintelligencefixedatbirthC.hisfamilyisrichandprovideshimwithvarioushealthyfoodD.thesesurroundingsarelikelytohelphimreachthelimitsoftheirintelligence

AcriticallyendangeredspeciesofrhinoisnowextinctinVietnamaccordingtoareportbyconservationgroups.WWFandtheInternationalRhinoFoundationsaidthecountry’slastJavanrhinowasprobablykilledbypoachers偷猎者asitshornhadbeencutoff.ExpertssaidthenewswasnotasurpriseasonlyonesightinghadbeenrecordedinVietnamsince2008.Fewerthan50individualsarenowestimatedtoremaininthewilD.ItispainfulthatdespitesignificantinvestmentinVietnameserhinoconservationeffortsfailedtosavethisuniqueanimalsaidWWF’sVietnamesedirector.VietnamhaslostpartofitsnaturalheritagE.Expertssaidgeneticanalysisofdung粪便samplescollectedbetween2009-2010intheCatTienNationalParkshowedthattheyallbelongedtojustoneindividual.ShortlyafterthesurveywascompletedconservationistsfoundoutthattherhinohadbeenkilleD.Theysaiditwaslikelytohavebeentheworkofpoachersbecauseithadbeenshotinaleganditshornhadbeencutoff.Globallytherehasbeenasharpincreaseinthenumberofrhinopoachingcases.EarlierthisyeartheInternationalUnionforConservationofNatureIUCNpublishedareportthatsaidrhinopopulationsinAfricawerefacingtheirworsepoachingcrisisfordecades.AnassessmentcarriedoutbyTRAFFICtheglobalwildlifetrademonitoringnetworksaidtheincreaseintheillegaltradeinrhinohornswasbeingdrivenbydemandsfromAsianmedicinalmarkets.TheVietnameserhino.aswellasbeingthelastofthespeciesonmainlandAsiawasalsothesecondsubspeciesthedisappearfollowingtheextinctionoftheIndianJavanrhino.28.WhydidpeoplethinkpoachershadkilledVietnam’slastJavanrhino?A.BecauseitwasshotintheheaD.B.BecauseithaditshornremoveD.C.BecauseithaditsskinremoveD.D.Becauseitsteethweremissing.29.WhatdidexpertssayabouttheJavanrhino?A.Morethan50JavanrhinosareestimatedtolivE.B.TheextinctionoftheVietnameserhinosurprisedthem.C.After2009theremightbeonlyoneJavanrhinoinVietnam.D.Vietnamhasn’tinvestedenoughinJavenrhinoconservation.30.Whatisindicatedinthelasttwoparagraphs?A.RhinohornsareofgreatmedicalvaluE.B.VietnameserhinosexistinotherAsiancountries.C.RhinosinAfricaarenowbeingbetterprotecteD.D.Thereisadeclineintheillegaltradeinrhinohorns.31.Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.TimetoprotecttheJavanrhinoinVietnamB.Javanrhinos-anendangeredanimalC.VietnamruineditsnaturalheritageD.JavanrhinosareextinctinVietnam

Scientistsaretryingtomakethedesertsintogoodlandagain.Theywanttobringwatertothedesertssopeoplecanliveandgrowfood.Theyarelearningalotaboutthedeserts.Butmoreandmoreoftheearthisbecomingdesertallthetime.Scientistsmaynotbeabletochangethedesertintime.WhyismoreandmorelandbecomingdesertScientiststhinkthatpeoplemakedeserts.Peoplearedoingbadthingstotheearth.Someplacesontheearthdon’tgetmuchrain.Buttheystilldon’tbecomedeserts.Thisisbecausesomegreenplantsaregrowingthere.Smallgreenplantsandgrassareveryimportanttodryplaces.Plantsdon’tletthesunmaketheearthevendrier.Plantsdonotletthewindblowthedirtaway.Whenabitofrainfallstheplantsholdthewater.Withoutplantsthelandcanbecomedesertmoreeasily.16.Deserts＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿.A.neverhaveanyplantsoranimalsinthemB.canallbeturnedintogoodlandbeforelongC.arebecomingsmallerandsmallerD.getverylittlerain17.Smallgreenplantsareveryimportanttodryplacesbecause＿＿＿.A.theydon’tletthesunmaketheearthevendrier资*源%库B.theydon’tletthewindblowthesoilawayC.theyholdwaterD.Alloftheabove.18.Landisbecomingdesertlittlebylittlebecause＿＿＿＿＿＿.A.plantscan’tgrowthereB.thereisnotenoughrainC.peoplehaven’tdonewhatscientistswishthemtodoD.scientistsknowlittleaboutthedeserts19.Afterreadingthispassagewelearnthat＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿.A.plantscankeepdrylandfrombecomingdesertB.itisgoodtogetridofthegrassinthedesertsC.allplaceswithoutmuchrainwillbecomedesertsD.itisbettertogrowcropsondrylandthantocutthem20.WhyismoreandmorelandbecomingdesertaccordingtothispassageA.Earthquakesmakedeserts.B.Windmakesdeserts.C.Lackofwatermakesdeserts.D.Peoplemakedeserts.

Cosmetic整形surgeryisusuallyperformedtocorrectaphysicalabnormalityortoenhanceanotherwisenormalphysicalfeatureandthusimproveappearancE.CosmeticsurgeryisanextremelybroadfieldthatmayofferreconstructivesurgeryforapatientafteradamagingburnorotherphysicalinjuriesyetcanalsobeusedtosmoothoutwrinklesorreshapeanosE.CosmeticsurgerywasfirstusedregularlyafterWorldWarIwhentreatmentandreconstructionofwarinjuriesgavehopetoyoungsoldiers.Asrecentlyasfiftyyearsagoastherichandfamousbeganoptingforelectivecosmeticsurgerythesubjectwaswhisperedaboutandconsideredtaboo.Celebrities名人woulddisappearformonthsandthenappearaftersecretcosmeticsurgerylookingyoungerprettierandthinner.Overtimecosmeticsurgeryhasbecomeacceptedandevenencouragedinsomecircles.Todaythereareeventelevisionrealityshowsaboutit.Someofthemorepopularformsofcosmeticsurgeryareliposuction抽脂术inwhichexcessivefatissuckedoutofthebodywithatubeandvacuumdevice;laserfacialresurfacingwhichsmoothslinesonthefacearoundtheeyesandmouthandeliminatesfacialblemishes瑕疵;andhairreplacementsurgerywhichfillsinbaldingareasusingapatient'sownhair.TherearemanymoreformsofcosmeticsurgeryincludingvariationsofthesE.Anyoneinterestedincosmeticsurgeryshouldconsidertherisksandrememberthatitisultimatelysurgery.Notallprocedurescomeoutexactlythewaydoctorsandpatientsforeseeandrecoveryisjustlikeanyothersurgerycompletewithpainandthepossibilityofinfection感染.Whilecosmeticsurgeryisanoptionpatientsshouldchoosedoctorswiselyobtainseveralreferencesandkeeprealisticexpectations.25.Whichkindofpersondoesn'tneedacosmeticsurgery?A.A.personwhosuffersadamagingburn.B.A.personwhowantstoreshapenosE.C.A.personwhoneedstosmoothoutwrinkles.D.A.personwhowishestogetridofheadachE.26.Whatisthemainreasonforacelebrity'soptingforcosmeticsurgery?A.Thecelebritywantstodisappearformonths.B.Thecelebritywatchestelevisionshowsaboutcosmeticsurgery.C.Thecelebritywantstobeyoungerprettierandthinner.D.ThecelebrityisacceptedbytheentertainmentcirclE.27.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theformsofcosmeticsurgery.B.Thedefinitionofcosmeticsurgery.C.Theeffectsofcosmeticsurgery.D.Theadvantagesofcosmeticsurgery.28.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardscosmeticsurgery?A.Cautious.B.PositivE.C.NegativE.D.Doubtful.

TheInternethasbecomepartofteenagelifE.A.newreporton3375studentsagedfrom10to18insevenChinesecitiesfoundthat38percentofthembelievetheyusetheInternetoften.WhilemostofthemgetusefulinformationandusetheInternettohelpintheirstudiessomearenotusingitinagoodway.InordertohelpyoungpeopleusetheInternetinagoodwayatextbookongoodInternetbehaviorhasstartedtobeusedinsomeShanghaimiddleschoolsthisterm.ThebookusesrealexamplestoteachstudentsallaboutgoodwaysofusingtheInternet.Thebookgivesusefuladvicesuchasitbeinggoodtoreadnewsorfindhelpfulinformationtostudy.Somestudentsalsomakeonlinefriends.Butifyouaremeetingafriendofflinemakesureyourparentsknow.Teachersandparentsallthinkthebookisofgreathelp.A.teachersaidthebookwouldbeaguideforteensusingtheInternet.Shebelievesitwillkeepstudentsawayfrombadsites.ManystudentsareusingtheInternetwithoutguidancefromtheirparentsshesaiD.ThebookwillteachstudentshowtobeagoodpersonintheonlineworlD.45.Thetextbookmainlytellsus________.A.whyweshouldusetheInternetB.howtostudyusingtheInternetC.howtousetheInternetcorrectlyD.howtogethelpfromothers46.What’stheattitudeofteachersandparentstowardsthetextbook?A.Theyareagainstit.B.Theyareforit.C.Theydon’tcareaboutit.D.Thepassagedoesn’tmention.47.AccordingtothepassageteenagersareNOTencouragedto________.A.readonlinenewsB.goonlineC.findhelpfulinformationonlineD.meetafriendofflinewithoutlettingtheirparentsknow48.Fromthispassageweknowthat________.A.moreandmorestudentshavegivenupvisitingbadsitesB.schoolsandteachersbegintopayattentiontostudents’useoftheInternetC.nomorehomeworkwillbegiveninShanghaimiddleschoolsD.lessandlessinformationcanbefoundonline

ManypeoplebelieveHenryFordinventedtheautomobilE.ButHenryForddidnotstarttobuildhisfirstcaruntil1896.ThatwaselevenyearsaftertwoGermansdevelopedtheworld'sfirstautomobilE.ManypeoplebelieveHenryFordinventedtheproductionlinethatmovedacar'spartstotheworkerinsteadofmakingtheworkermovetotheparts.Thatisnottrueeither.ManyfactoryownersusedmethodsofthiskindbeforeForD.WhatHenryForddidwastouseotherpeople'sideasandmakethembetter.AndhemadethewholefactoryamovingproductionlinE.Intheearlydaysoftheautomobilealmosteverycarmakerracedhiscars.ItwasthebestwayofgainingpublicnoticE.HenryForddecidedtobuildaracingcar.Ford'smostfamousracewashisfirstonE.Itwasalsothelastraceinwhichhedrovethecarhimself.Theracewasin1901atafieldnearDetroit.Allofthemostfamouscarshadenteredbutonlytwowereleft:theWintonandForD.TheWintonwasfamousforitsspeeD.Mostpeoplethoughttheracewasoverbeforeitbegan.TheWintontookanearlyleaD.Buthalfwaythroughtheraceitbegantolosepower.Fordstartedtogain.AndneartheendoftheracehetooktheleaD.FordwontheraceanddefeatedtheWinton.Hisnameappearedinnewspapersandhebecamewell­knownallovertheUnitedStates.WithinweeksoftheraceHenryFordformedanewautomobilecompany.In1903adoctorinDetroitboughtthefirstcarfromthecompany.ThatsalewasthebeginningofHenryFord'sdream.Fordsaid:IwillbuildamotorcarforthegreatmassofpeoplE.Itwillbelargeenoughforthefamilybutsmallenoughforonepersontooperateandcarefor.Itwillbebuiltofthebestmaterials.ItwillbebuiltbythebestmentobeemployeD.AnditwillbebuiltwiththesimplestplansthatmodernengineeringcanproducE.ItwillbesolowinpricethatnomanmakinggoodmoneywillbeunabletoownonE.TheModelTwasacarofthatkinD.Itonlycost$850.Itwasasimplemachinethatdriverscoulddependon.DoctorsboughttheModelT.Sodidfarmers.Evencriminals.Theyconsidereditthefastestandsurestformoftransportation.AmericanslovedtheModelT.Theywrotestoriesandsongsaboutit.ThousandsofModelT'swerebuiltinthefirstfewyears.21.WhatdoweknowaboutHenryFordfromParagraph1?A.Hemadegooduseofideasfromothers.B.HeproducedthefirstcarintheworlD.C.Heknewhowtoimproveautoparts.D.HeinventedtheproductionlinE.22.WhydidHenryFordtakepartinthe1901carrace?A.Toshowoffhisdrivingskills.B.Todrawpublicattention.C.Tolearnaboutnewtechnology.D.Toraisemoneyforhisnewcompany.23.WhatwasHenryFord'sdreamaccordingtothetext?A.Producingcarsforaveragecustomers.B.Buildingracingcarsofsimpledesign.C.Designingmorecarmodels.D.Startingmorecompanies.

Fluency流利inanotherlanguageisoneofthemostimportantaimsofanewcomertoanothercountry.InadditionunderstandingthecultureandlearningtocommunicatecomfortablywithpeopleofthatcultureareasimportantaslearningtherulesofthelanguagE.LanguagelearningandculturelearninggotogetherandmaytakealongtimE.Sometimespeoplefeelthattheyunderstandacultureafterafewweeksormonths.Peopledolearnalotwhentheyfirstbeginlivinginanotherculturebutthisisonlythefirststageoflearning.Itusuallyinvolves包含thingslikelearningeverydayactivitiesandsomebasiccustoms.ToreallyunderstandanotherculturepeoplehavetogobeyondthefirststagE.Thisischallengebecauseitisoftendifficulttoknowwhattolearn.MuchofwhatwecallcultureishardtoseE.Cultureislikeaniceberg.Pictureinyourmindahugeicebergintheocean.Theonlypartoftheicebergthatyouseeisthetip.Youdon’tseetherestoftheicebergbecauseitishiddenfromsightinthewater.ItiseasytoforgetthatitistherE.MostoftheicebergisdeepwithintheoceanjustasmuchofacultureisdeepwithinitspeoplE.Whenyoumeetsomeonefromanotherculturecertainculturedifferencesareobvious:Youhearanotherlanguageoryouhearyourownlanguagespokenwithanaccent.YouseedifferentfoodsclothesandsometimesphysicalcharacteristicsofpeoplE.Youobservenewcustomsorhabitssuchastheuseofchopsticksandbowingorkissingonbothcheeksasagreeting.ThesedifferencesareinterestingandimportantbuttheyareusuallynottoodifficulttounderstanD.Theyarevisiblesotheyareseeneasilyandquickly.Thepartofculturethatisliketheunderwaterpartoftheicebergconsistsofassumptions设想communicationstylesvaluesandbeliefsaboutwhatisrightandwrong.Thehiddenpartofcultureaffectsmuchofaperson’swayofthinkingandcommunicating.Itisthemeaningbehindhisorherverbal言语的andnonverballanguagE.LearningtocommunicatewellwithpeoplefromanothercultureinvolvesbecomingawareofthehiddenpartofculturE.29.What’sthesubjectofthispassage?A.LearningaboutculturE.B.Languagelearning.C.Thehiddenpartoftheiceberg.D.FluencyinanotherlanguagE.30.Whatislearningaboutculture?A.Learningthehiddenpartoftheicebergwhichisunderwater.B.Learningeverydayactivitiesandsomebasiccustoms.C.Learningthecultureofaniceberg.D.LearningthevisibleaswellasthehiddendifferencesofculturE.31.What’sthewriter’sopinion?A.CommunicationstylescanbeeasilyseenandlearneD.B.Languagelearningismoreimportantthanculturelearning.C.LearningaboutcultureisnoteasyandmaytakealongtimE.D.Peopleusuallylearnacultureafterafewweeksormonths.32.Whatconclusioncanwedrawafterreadingthispassage?资*源%库ziyuanku.comA.Valuesandbeliefsarelikethetipoftheiceberg.B.PeopleoftenbecomeawareofthehiddenpartofculturE.C.Thetipoftheicebergislargerthanthehiddenpart.D.Thehiddenpartofculturehasagreateffectonpeople’scommunicationstyles.

Thefactthattreesarevitaltoourlifeisnosecret.Theyprovideuswithfoodwoodandmostimportantlyoxygen.Nowthereisonemorethingyoucanaddtothislist-blockingoutharmfulbacteriafromwater.ThediscoverywaspointedoutbyateammadeupofscientistsfromtheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyMITandhighschoolstudentwhowereseekinganaturalwaterfilter—onethatwouldhelpcommunitiesindevelopingcountriesthatarenotequippedwithmodernwatersystems.TheresearchersledbyRohitKarnikaprofessoratMITdecidedtoturntotreesforhelpbecausetheyallowliquidtoflowthroughwhileblockingoutairbubbles.Theybeganbycutting1.5-inch-widesectionsoftreebarkfromthebranchesofawhitepinetreE.Theresearchersthentestedthewood'sfilteringabilitybypouringwatercontainingreddyeparticles粒子ofdifferentsizesthrough.Totheirastonishmenttheyfoundthatitwaseffectiveintrappingalltheparticles.EncouragedtheteamconductedanotherexperimentthistimewithwaterthatcontainedbacteriA.Sureenoughthesapwood边材heldback99%ofthebacteriaallowingonly1%toflowthrough.Mr.Karniksaysthatthebarkwasabletofilterwatercontainingmuchsmallerparticles.Thismeansthatbarkscanbeusedtogetridofamajorityofbacteriasincemostareatleast10timesaswidE.Howeverwhattroublesthemisthattreebarksaren’tblockingoutviruseswhichtendtobemuchsmaller.Alsowhilethepinesapwoodiseffectivewemustrememberonething—itonlyworkswhenitismoist.Thismeansthatbeforethisnaturalfiltercanbeputtopracticalusetheresearcherswillhavetofigureouthowtokeepthewooddamporfindawaytokeepthebark'sgreatfilteringcapabilityevenwhenit'sdry!Buttheteamisnotdoneyet.Theyplanontestingothertypesofsapwoodincludingthosefromfloweringtreeswhichhavesmallerpores气孔.Theythinkthatthesemaybemoreeffectiveintrappingsmallerparticlesandevenviruses32.Howcouldthescientists’discoveryabouttreesaffectsomedevelopingcountries?A.MorepinetreeswillbeplanteD.B.Bacteriawillberemovedfromwater.C.Peoplewon’tworryaboutwaterpollution.D.CleanwaterwillbecomemoreaccessiblE.33.Intheexperimentstheresearchers________.A.foundtreebarkscan’tgetridofvirusesB.usedwatercontainingparticlesofsimilarsizeC.weresurprisedtreebarksremoveallthebacteriaD.madesuremostparticleswerebiggerthanbacteria24.Theunderlinedwordmoistinthepassageprobablymeans________.A.hotB.coldC.dryD.wet35.Theteamisgoingtoconductotherexperimentsto________.A.searchformorekindsofwoodbarksB.findawaytokeepthewooddampC.improvethefilteringabilityoftreesD.testthefilteringabilityofothertrees

Harvardresearchershavecreatedatoughlow-costbiodegradable可生物降解的materialinspiredbyinsectshardoutershells.ThematerialsinventorssayithasanumberofpossibleusesandsomedaycouldprovideamoreenvironmentallyfriendlyalternativetoplastiC.Thematerialmadefromshrimp虾shellsandproteinsproducedfromsilkiscalledshrilk.Itisthinclearflexibleandstrong.Amajorbenefitofthematerialisitsbiodegradability.Plasticstoughnessandflexibilityrepresentedarevolutioninmaterialsscienceduringthe1950sand60s.Decadeslaterhoweverplasticsverydurability耐用性israisingquestionsabouthowappropriateitisforone-timeproductssuchasplasticbagsorshort-livedconsumergoodsusedinthehomeforafewyearsandthencastintoalandfillwheretheywilldegradeforcenturies.Whatisthepointofmakingsomethingthatlasts1000years?Shrilknotonlywilldegradeinalandfillbutitsbasiccomponentsareusedasfertilizer肥料andsowillenrichthesoil.ShrilkhasgreatpotentialtheinventorssaiD.Materialsfromwhichitismadeareplentifulinnaturefoundineverythingrangingfromshrimpshellsinsectbodiestolivingplants.Thatmakesshrilklowcostanditsmassproductionpossibleshoulditbeusedforproductsdemandingalotofmaterial.WorkonshrilkiscontinuinginthelaB.Theinventorssaidthematerialbecomesflexiblewhenwetsotheyreexploringwaystouseitinwetenvironments.Theyrealsodevelopingsimplerproductionprocesseswhichcouldbeusedfornon-medicalproductslikeforcomputercasesandotherproductsinsidethehomE.Theyreevenexploringcombiningitwithothermaterialslikecarbonfiberstogiveitnewproperties.11:ParagraphIofthepassageismainlyaboutshritks_____.A.remarkabledesignB.interestingnameC.majorcharacteristicsD.basicelements12:Whathasbecomeaconcernaboutplastic?A.Usingitproperly.B.Producingitcheaply.C.Developingitspropertiesquickly.D.Evaluatingitscontributionsfairly.13:Accordingtotheinventorsshrilkhasgreatpotentialpartlybecause_____.A.itcanhelpplasticdegradeB.itcanbefoundinlivingthingsC.itsmassproductionhasbeenrealizedD.itsrawmaterialsareabundantinnature14:Whataretheinventorsdoinginthelab?A.Replacingcarbonfiberswithshrilk.B.Testingahrilksuseinwetconditions.C.Makingshrilkoutofusedhouseholdgoods.D.Improvingshrilksflexibilityformedicalpurposes.15:Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.RecentProgressinEnvironmentalProtectionB.BenefitsofInsectsinScientificResearchC.TheHarmofOne-timeProductsD.APossibleAlternativetoPlastic

BearsandhumanoftenmeetinNationalPark.Althoughcampersandhikersarewarnednottofeedthebearsmanypeopleignorethesewarningsandfeedthebearsanyway.Whenbearsareusedtopeople’sfoodproblemssoonarisE.Bearsliketoeatalargevarietyofthingsbothmeatandvegetables.Withouthumanassistancebearslivenicelyonrootstwigsleavesoftreesinsectsandsmallanimals.Withpeoplearoundbears’tastesquicklyexpandtoincludesandwicheshotdogshamburgersandanythingelsetheycantempthumansintogivingup.Bearsoftendevelopcleverstrategiesfoegettingpeopletoletgotheirfoodsupplies.Moreoftenthannotanunsuspectinghikerhastakenoffhisorherpackforarestonlytofindabearrushoutofthewoodsgrabthepackandquicklydisappearintotheunderbrushwithit.Hangingthepackonatreebranchwon’thelp.Bearshavebeenknowntoclimbupjumpoffandcatchthepackonthewaydown.OnemotherbearstretchesupwithherbabyonhershoulderstoreachapackstoredonapolE.Manybearsthreatenpeopleintogivinguptheirsupplies.Althoughabearisunlikelytoattackapersonandwouldprobablyrunawayifscreamedatfewpeoplearewillingtodoso.Mostpeopledropthepackandruntheotherway.Thisofcoursedelightsthebear.InsomeplacestheParkServiceinstalledsomemetalbarrelswithlidstohelpcamperskeeptheirsuppliessafefrombears.Althoughthebearswereunabletoopenthesecontainerstheeffortwaslessthansuccessful.MostcampersunabletotellthemetaldrumsfromrubbishcansneverusedthemfortheintendedpurposE.56.Ifpeoplehadneverfedbearsthebears______A.mightbesatisfiedwithwhattheyhadoriginallyB.wouldhavestarvedlongbeforeC.wouldn’thaveenoughfoodsupplyD.wouldhavehuntedforotherkindsoffoods57.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Iffedonsandwichesandhotdogsthebearswouldnolongereatrootstwigsandinsects.B.It’slikelythatbearswouldhurtpeopleifthepeopledidn’tgiveuptheirfoodC.MostpeoplewouldfrightenawaythebearsthatwouldtempttheirfooD.D.Seeingapackthebearwouldquicklysnatchitandrunawaywithit.58.Bear-proofcontainersdidn’tworkbecause______A.bearswerecleverenoughtogetthefoodinthem.B.theywereleftopenintheopenairC.peoplewerenotsureoftheiruseD.theywereonceusedasrubbishcans

Scientistshavefoundanunusualwaytopreventourplanetfromoverheating:moveittoacoolerspot.AllyouhavetodoistosendafewcometsinthedirectionofEarthanditsorbitwillbechangeD.Ourworldwillthenbesentintoasafercolderpartofthesolarsystem.ThisideaforimprovingourclimatecomesfromagroupofUSNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministrationNASAengineersandAmericanastronomers.Theysaytheirplancouldaddanothersixbillionyearstotheusefullifetimeofourplanet---effectivelydoublingitsworkinglifE.TheplanputforwardbyDrLaughlinandDonKorycanskyandFredAdamsneedscarefullydirectingacometofasteroidsothatitpassesclosebyourplanetandsendssomeofitsgravitationalenergytoEarth.Intheshorttermtheplanprovidesanidealwaytoglobalwarmingalthoughtheteamwasactuallyconcernedwithamuchgreaterdanger.Thesuniscertaintoheatupinaboutabillionyearsandsoseriouslycompromiseourbiosphere生物圈---bycookingus.That'swhythegroupdecidedtotrytosaveEarth.Theplanhasoneortwoworryingaspectshowever.Forastartspaceengineerswouldhavetobeverycarefulabouthowtheydirectedtheirasteroid小行星orcomettowardsEarth.Thesmallestmiscalculation误算inorbitcouldfireitstraightatEarth---withdeadlyresults.ThereisalsothequestionoftheMoon.AsthescientificAmericanmagazinepointsoutifEarthwaspushedoutofitscurrent目前的positionitismostlikelythattheMoonwouldbetakenawayfromEarthitstates.Thiswouldchangeourplanet'sclimatE.32.IftheplanissuccessfulEarthwillhaveaworkinglifeof____years.A.12billionB.6billionC.18billionD.24billion33.WhatmakesthescientistsplantosaveEarth?A.A.fewcometsaremovingtothedirectionofEarth.B.Earth'sworkinglifeiscomingtoanendsoon.C.EarthwillbecometoohotformankindtokeepalivE.D.ThemoonismovingfartherandfartherawayfromEarth.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordcompromisemean?A.provideB.benefitC.shareD.endanger35.Whatseriousproblemsmighttheplancauseaccordingtothepassage?A.Earthmightbemovedtoofarawayandmanmightbefrozentodeath.B.ThecometmighthitEarthandmanmightlosethemoon.C.ThecometmighthitJupiterorSaturnandneverreturntoEarth.D.Earth'sworkinglifemightbegreatlyshorteneD.

TheIsraelifarmerswhopioneeredtherevolutionarytechnologyknownasdripirrigationweren’ttryingtosolveoneoftheworld’smosturgentproblems.Theywerejusttryingtosurvive.Theylivedinthedesertandtheydidn’thaveenoughwatertogrowtheircrops.Initssimplestformitwaslittlemorethanapipewithholesinit.Butbehindeachholewasahi-techdripperthatletoutjusttherightamountofwater.Snakedalongarowofcropssothattheholeswerepositioneddirectlyabovetherootsthepipecoulddirecteachpreciousdropofwaterdirectlytotheplantsgettingabiggerharvestwhileusingaverysmallamountofthewater.Overtimethefarmersimproveduponthetechnologyperfectingthedrippersthatregulatedtheflowofwaterandconnectingthepipelinestocomputersthatcoulddetermineexactlyhowmuchwatereachplantneededandwhen.Iftheglobalpopulationkeptgrowingtherestoftheworldwouldincreasinglyresembletheirlittlecommunityinthedesert.Sotheybegansellingtheirirrigationsystemsinotherpartsoftheworldeventuallyexpandingtomorethan110countries.Netafirmthecompanysaysit’sliftingpeopleoutofpovertyandconservingwateratatimewhentheimportanceofdoingsohasneverbeenclearer.Themassadoptionofdripirrigationwon’tsavetheworldbyitself.Toavoidthecomingcatastrophenearlyeverybodywillinsomewayhavetodomorewithlessperhapsthroughacceptingandusingothernewtechnologies.Otherwiseit’sgoingtogetugly.12.Whyisdripirrigationcalledtherevolutionarytechnology?A.Itsavestheworldallbyitself.B.Itiscontrolledbycomputers.C.Itmakesirrigationmoreeffective.D.Itprovidesdesertswithwater.13.Whatdoesoneoftheworld’smosturgentproblemsinParagraphlreferto?A.lackingwater.B.lackinglabor.C.lackingfood.D.lackingenergy.14.Howdoesthedripirrigationhelpfarmerswithcrops?A.Bydrillingholesonthepipes.B.Byregulatingwaterviadrippers.C.Bysnakingpipesalongthecrops.D.Byplacingpipesjustaboveroots.15.WhichofthefollowingwillbethebestsloganforNetafirmtoselltheirrigationsystems?A.LesswaterMoreharvest.B.NewtechnologyNewworld.C.MoregrainLessstarvation.D.WatersavingWorldsurviving.

Whydosomepeoplelivetobeolderthanothers?Youknowthestandardexplanations:keepingamoderatedietengaginginregularexerciseetC.Butwhateffectdoesyourpersonalityhaveonyourlongevity?Dosomekindsofpersonalitiesleadtolongerlives?AnewstudyintheJournaloftheAmericanGeriatricsSocietylookedatthisquestionbyexaminingthepersonalitycharacteristicsof246childrenofpeoplewhohadlivedtobeatleast100.Thestudyshowsthatthoselivingthelongestaremoreoutgoingmoreactiveandlessneurotic神经质的thanotherpeoplE.Long-livingwomenarealsomorelikelytobesympatheticandcooperativethanwomenwithanormallifespan.Thesefindingsareinagreementwithwhatyouwouldexpectfromtheevolutionarytheory:thosewholiketomakefriendsandhelpotherscangatherenoughresourcestomakeitthroughtoughtimes.Interestinglyhoweverothercharacteristicsthatyoumightconsideradvantageoushadnoimpactonwhetherstudyparticipantswerelikelytolivelonger.Thosewhoweremoreself-disciplinedforinstancewerenomorelikelytolivetobeveryolD.Alsobeingopentonewideashadnorelationshiptolonglifewhichmightexplainallthosebad-temperedoldpeoplewhoarefixedintheirways.WhetheryoucansuccessfullychangeyourpersonalityasanadultisthesubjectofalongstandingpsychologicaldebatE.ButthenewpapersuggeststhatifyouwantlonglifeyoushouldstrivetobeasoutgoingaspossiblE.Unfortunatelyanotherrecentstudyshowsthatyourmother’spersonalitymayalsohelpdetermineyourlongevity.Thatstudylookedatnearly28000Norwegianmothersandfoundthatthosemomswhoweremoreanxiousdepressedandangryweremorelikelytofeedtheirkidsunhealthydiets.Patternsofchildhoodeatingcanbehardtobreakwhenwe’readultswhichmaymeanthatkidsofdepressedmomsendupdyingyounger.Personalityisn’tdestiny命运andeveryoneknowsthatindividualscanlearntochangE.Butbothstudiesshowthatlonglifeisn’tjustamatterofyourphysicalhealthbutofyourmentalhealth.32.WhatfindingofthestudymightprovesomewhatoutofourexpectationA.HelpfulpeoplecanlivearelativelylonglifE.B.Readinesstoacceptnewideasoffermorepossibilitytoenjoylongevity.C.Beingself-disciplinemakesnodifferencetolongevity.D.Personalitycharacteristicsthatproveadvantageousactuallyvarywithtimes.33.Accordingtotheauthoroutgoingandsympathcticpeople_______.A.haveagoodunderstandingofevolution.B.aremorelikelytorecoverfromhardship.C.areprobablymoreactiveandneurotiC.D.generallyappearmoreresourceful.34.WhatdoestherecentstudyofNorwegianmothersshowA.Children’spersonalitycharacteristicsarealwayssharedbytheirmothers.B.PeoplewithunhealthyeatinghabitsarelikelytodieatayoungagE.C.Mothers’mayhavealongerinfluenceonchildrenthanfathers’.D.Mothers’ancientmayaffecttheirchildren’slifespans.35.WhatcanwelearnfromthefindingsofthetwonewstudiesA.Amixtureofmentalandphysicalhealthproduceslongevity.B.Aperson’slifestyleislargelyrelatedtohisorherhealth.C.Personalityplaysadecisiveandsignificantroleinhowhealthyoneis.D.Anxietyanddepressionmoreoftenthannotcutshortone’slifespan.

TherecoveryoftradefollowingtheMiddleAgesinEuroperesultedinademandforgoodsfromAsiA.TraderouteswereestablishedacrosstheMediterraneanandthroughtheMiddleEasttohandlethisneeD.ButwhentheexpansionoftheOttomanEmpirecauseddestructionalongtheseroutesEuropeanswereforcedtoseekalternativewaysofimportingthesegoods.Intheearly1400sEuropeansbeganexploringthewestcoastofAfricainsearchofanallwaterroutetoAsiA.TheseearlyexplorationswereledbythePortuguesE.In1488BartholomeuDiasroundedtheCapeofGoodHope好望角atthesoutherntipofAfricA.In1498VascoDaGamaestablishedanallwaterroutetoIndiA.ThesuccessoftheseexplorationsledSpaintobeginitsownvoyages.In1492ChristopherColumbuscrossedtheAtlanticOceananddiscoveredtheAmericasforSpain.In1519supportedbySpainFerdinandMagellanstartedonavoyagewestwarD.HefoundasouthernroutearoundSouthAmericaandcametothePacificOcean.SailingwesthelandedinthePhilippineIslandswherehewaskilledinafightwiththepeopletherE.ThesediscoverieshadalastingimpactonEuropeAsiaAfricaandtheAmericas.EuropeannationscompetedforcoloniesacrosstheglobE.ThesecolonieswereexploitedfortheirrawmaterialsandusedasnewmarketsforEuropeangoods.EuropeanshadlittleregardformostofthenativepeoplesoftheseareasandasaresulttherewasagreatlossoflifeandculturE.TheAgeofExplorationisaturningpointinhistorybecauseitchangedthewaypeoplelivedacrosstheworlD.Thebiggestaspectofthischangedealswiththeexchangeofpeopleplantsanimalsideasandtechnology.ThisisknownastheColumbianExchangebecauseitstartswithColumbus.WhilemanyaspectsofthisexchangehadpositiveeffectssuchastheexchangeoffoodsbetweenEuropeandAmericatherewerealsonegativeeffectssuchastheexchangeofdiseasesbetweenEuropeandAmericA.AccesstonewandbetterfoodsallowedtheEuropeanpopulationtogrowandaccesstotheNewWorldgavethesepeopleaplacetogo.NewWorldcivilizationssuchastheIncaandAztecsfacedneartotaldestructionoftheircultureseitherthroughdiseasebroughtbytheEuropeansorbycolonization.AfricafacedaforcedmovementofitspeopleasslavesbecamethemainlaborforceintheAmericas.TheAgeofExplorationwasbothapositiveandnegativeexperienceformanycivilizations.46.WhydidEuropeanssearchfornewtraderoutestoAsia?A.AsiawasamaintradecentreatthattimE.B.Europeansneedednewculturalactivities.C.TheoriginalrouteswerebrokendownbyanempirE.D.TheexpansionofOttomanEmpireneededmoregoods.47.Inthe15thcenturysailorssupportedbySpain______.A.sailedacrosstheAtlanticOceanB.foundanallwaterroutetoIndiaC.sailedaroundtheCapeofGoodHopeD.foundasouthernroutetothePacificOcean48.AsaresultofColumbianExchange______.A.AfricansgotnewandbetterfoodsB.theEuropeanpopulationbegantodecreaseC.somediseasesspreadamongmorecountriesD.NewWorldcivilizationsdevelopedmorequickly49.WhatimpactdidtheEuropeanexplorationhaveonAfrica?A.Itseconomygrewrapidly.B.ItsculturewastotallydestroyeD.C.TherewasahugeincreaseintheAfricanpopulation.D.MillionsofAfricanswerebroughttotheAmericasasslaves.50.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheNewWorldB.TheAgeofExplorationC.TheColumbianExchangeD.GreatEuropeanNavigators航海家

WhydoAmericansstrugglewithwatchingtheirweightwhiletheFrenchwhoconsume消费richfoodcontinuetostaythinNowaresearchbyCornellUniversitysuggestshowlifestyleanddecisionsabouteatingmayaffectweight.ResearchersconcludedthattheFrenchtendtostopeatingwhentheyfeelfull.HoweverAmericanstendtostopwhentheirplateisemptyortheirfavoriteTVshowisover.AccordingtoDr.JosephMercolaahealthexperttheFrenchseeeatingasanimportantpartoftheirlifestyle.TheyenjoyfoodandthereforespendafairlylongtimeatthetablewhileAmericansseeeatingassomethingtobesqueezedbetweentheotherdailyactivities.MercolabelievesAmericanslosetheabilitytosensewhentheyareactuallyfull.SotheykeepeatinglongaftertheFrenchwouldhavestopped.InadditionhepointsoutthatAmericansdrivetohugesupermarketstobuycannedandfrozenfoodsfortheweek.TheFrenchinsteadtendtoshopdailywalkingtosmallshopsandfarmers'marketswheretheyhaveachoiceoffreshfruitsvegetablesandeggsaswellashigh﹣qualitymeatsforeachmeal.AfteravisittotheUnitedStatesMireilleGuilianoauthorofFrenchWomenDon'tGetFatdecidedtowriteabouttheimportanceofknowingwhentostopratherthansuggestinghowtoavoidfood.Todayshecontinuestostayslimandrarelygoestothegym.InspiteofallthesedifferencesevidenceshowsthatrecentlifestylechangesmaybeaffectingFrencheatinghabits.Todaytherateofobesity﹣orextremeoverweight﹣amongadultsisonly6%.HoweverasAmericanfastfoodgainsacceptanceandtheyoungrejectoldertraditionstheobesityrateamongFrenchchildrenhasreached17%﹣andisgrowing.29.InwhatwayaretheFrenchdifferentfromAmericansaccordingtoDr.JosephMercolaA.Theygoshoppingatsupermarketsmorefrequently.B.Theysqueezeeatingbetweentheotherdailyactivities.C.Theyregardeatingasakeypartoftheirlifestyles.D.Theyusuallyeattoomuchcannedandfrozenfood.30.Thistextismainlytherelationshipbetween.A.AmericansandtheFrenchB.lifestyleandobesity肥胖C.childrenandadultsD.fastfoodandoverweight31.Thetextismainlydeveloped.A.bycontrast对比B.byspaceC.byprocessD.byclassification32.WheredoesthistextprobablycomefromA.ATVinterviewB.AfoodadvertisementC.AhealthreportD.Abookreview.

Americanslovepeanutbutter.Theaveragechildwilleat1500peanutbutterbeforeheorshegraduateshighschool.Butthereisacontroversyoveranewpeanutbutter.ItiscalledSTEEMPeanutButter.Thispeanutbutteraddsanewingredient:caffeine咖啡因.Coffeeisapopularmorningdrinkbecauseithascaffeineandgivespeopleenergyinthemorning.Evensmallamountsofcaffeinecanbedangeroustochildren.UnitedStatesSenator参议员CharlesSchumersays.P.eanutbutteroneofthesnacksmostcloselyconnectedwithchildrenmighthavetobestoredinthemedicinecupboardratherthaninthekitchencupboard.ThiswillshocktheFoodandDrugAdministration.SchumerwantstheU.S.FDAtoinvestigatE.HeobservedthatearliertheFDApreventedplansforacaffeinatedchewinggum.STEEMthemanufacturersaidWearesellingthecaffeinatedpeanutbutterallovertheworlD.Theproductprovidescaffeineinaneasilydigestibleway.CaffeinatedfoodshavebeensoldinU.S.storesforwelloveradecadeandareinnowayanewideA.Customerstellustheywanttoeatthecaffeinatedpeanutbuttersotheydon’thavetodrinkasmuchcoffeeorenergydrinks.Thepeanutbutterisnotintendedforchildren.PeanutbutterhasbeenafavoriteofchildrenforgenerationsSchumercontinued:ParentsacrossthecountryhavetoworryaboutasceneinwhichtheirchildmightunknowinglybiteintoapeanutbutterthatcontainsmorecaffeinethantwocupsofcoffeE.TheAmericanAcademyofPediatricssayscaffeineinsmallamountscanhelpthephysicalperformanceofadults.Buttheacademyurgesparentsnottoallowchildrentotakeevensmallamountsofcaffeineowingtocaffeine’spossiblenegativeeffectsonachild’sheartandbraindevelopment.24.ThereisacontroversyovertheSTEEMPeanutButterbecauseitcontains______.A.fatB.peanutC.caffeineD.nutrition25.CharlesSchumersuggeststhatthenewpeanutbuttershouldbe______.A.keptinthekitchencupboardB.outofchildren’sreachC.manufacturedinhugequantitiesD.eatenbychildrenforgenerations26.AccordingtoSTEEMthenewpeanutbutterispopularwithadultsbecause______.A.itisatraditionalfoodB.itisdigestedmoreeasilyC.itsproductionisnotbannedD.theyeatitinsteadofenergydrinks27.WecanguessfromthetextthattheresponsibilityoftheFoodandDrugAdministrationisto______.A.introducenewfoodsanddrugsB.promotethesalesoffoodsanddrugsC.guaranteethesafetyoffoodsanddrugsD.improvethephysicalperformanceofadults

Howcanyouchangenegative消极的thoughts?Manypeoplesuggestchangingyourattitudebythinkingofsomethingbrightandhappy.HoweverscientistsfromQueen’sUniversityinCanadasaidthattheremightbeanotherway:bywalkinglikeahappyperson.ItisnotsurprisingthatourmoodandthewaywefeelaffectshowwewalkbutwewanttoseewhetherthewaywemovealsoaffectshowwefeelexplainedNikolausTrojetheleadscientisttoTheIndependent.ScientistsbelievedthatthewaywerememberemotionalmessagesisaffectedbyourmooD.Thosewhosufferfromdepression抑郁remembernegativeinformationfarmoreeasilythanactivemessagesespeciallywhentheinformationisaboutthem.InordertoprovethisTrojeandhisteamusedcamerastoobserve47peoplewalkingonthetreadmill跑步机.Halfofthepeoplewereencouragedtomimic模仿adepressivewalkingstylewhiletheotherhalfmovedlikeahappyperson.Walkingspeedwaskeptequalforbothgroups.Duringthetimeonthetreadmillthescientistsreadoutalistofactiveandnegativewordsaskingpeopletodecidewhetherornoteachworddescribedthemwell.Afterwardspeoplewereaskedtoreciteasmanyofthewordsastheycouldremember.Asexpectedthosewhohadbeenmimickingadepressedwalkrememberedmorenegativewordsthanthosethathadbeenwalkinginahappymanner.Thisfindingmeansthatourwalkinfluencesthewaywetreatinformation.Andthescientistsbelievethatusingahappywalkingstylecouldhelpwithtreatmentfordepression.28.WhatnewwaydidscientistsfromQueen’sUniversitypossiblyfindtochangenegativethoughts?A.Doingsomethinghappy.B.Thinkingofsomethingbright.C.Walkinglikeahappyperson.D.Thinkingaboutbeingahappyperson.29.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutTroje’stest?A.The47peoplewalkedonthetreadmill.B.HalfofthepeoplewalkedinadepressivewalkingstylE.C.AnotherhalfwalkedinahappywalkingstylE.D.Thetwogroupswalkedatdifferentspeeds.30.Inthetestthosewhowalkedinahappymanner______.A.rememberedmorenegativewordsB.rememberedmorepositivewordsC.livedahappierlifeD.livedaharderlife31.Accordingtothestorythefindingcanhelp______.A.treatpatientswithdepressionB.improveone’sactingskillsC.dealwithpeople’smemorylossD.changeaperson’sexercisehabit

WhenaskedwhattheymostliketoeatteenagersintheUKwillsaythatfoodslikepizzaburgersandchipsaretheirfavoritE.Butwhatteenagersliketoeatisnotnecessarilywhattheyshouldeat.AccordingtotheNationalDietandNutrition营养SurveyfartoomanyyoungpeopleintheUKbetween4and18eattoomuchfatsugarandsaltintheirdietandtakeintoomanycalories.Andtheirintakeofstarchycarbohydrates含淀粉的碳水化合物fiberironvitaminsandcalcium钙istoolow.Foragrowingbodyeatingfoodscontainingplentyofcalciumsuchasmilkyoghurt酸奶andcheeseisveryimportantascalciumisessentialforthedevelopmentofhealthystrongbones.Similarlyfoodsthatarerichinironaregoodforyoungrapidlydevelopingbodiessoredmeatbreadgreenvegetablesanddriedfruitarealsogoodtoeat.Itisduringourteenageyearsthatlifestylehabitscanbecomeentrenched根深蒂固的soitisimportantthatyoungpeopleshouldbeeducatedaboutwhatfoodsaregoodforthem.In2005inordertochangeeatinghabitsandopenteenagers’mindstonewtasteschefJamieOliverstartedaFeedMeBetterproject.AspartofatelevisionseriesJamie’sSchoolDinnersheworkedwithteachersandcooksinanumberofschoolsacrosstheUKtoprovidemorenutritiousschoolmeals.Althoughsometeenagersandparentsrefusedtohaveatryatfirsttheprojectwentverywellandhelpedtoinfluencegovernmentalpolicy政策onnutritionalstandardsforschoolmeals.NooneexpectstoendtheteenageloveaffairwithfastandjunkfoodbuthopefullyifprojectslikeFeedMeBettercontinuetogiveouttherightmessagesmoreyoungpeoplewillunderstandtheimportanceofeatinghealthily.28.WhatproblemdoteenagersintheUKhave?A.Mostofthemaretoofat.B.MostofthemeattoolittlE.C.Manyofthemdon’teathealthily.D.ManyofthemareshortofexercisE.29.TheunderlinedwordessentialinParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto_________.A.difficultB.possibleC.commonD.necessary30.AccordingtothetexttheFeedMeBetterproject_________.A.provedtobeasuccessB.taughtteachershowtocookC.wasstartedbythegovernmentD.failedatlast

AirpollutionsuchashazehasbecomeaseriousproblemaroundtheworlD.Besideswearingamaskwhatelsecanwedotoprotectourselvesfromthedirtyair?Scientistshavedevelopedanewinhaler吸入剂thatcanreducetheeffectairpollutionhasonpeoplE.ItcouldhelpmillionsofpeoplewhoaresufferingfromairpollutiontheGuardianreports.ThisinhalerisdevelopedbyGermancompanyBitopandcontainsamolecule分子namedEctoinE.Themoleculecreatesalayer涂层thatprotectslungsfrompollutedair.It’sreportedthattheinhalerwillbeaffordabletomostpeoplewhenitcomestothemarket.Airpollutionkillsmorethanthreemillionpeopleayearworldwideandleadstohealthproblemslikelungandheartdiseaseandstrokesaccordingtoa2016researchprojectinthejournalNaturE.Itisalsolinkedtobraindiseasementalillnessanddiabetes糖尿病.AndreasBilsteinatBitopbelievedthattheinhalercouldbeusefularoundtheworldbecauseairpollutionisnotjustaEuropeanproblem:EspeciallyinAsia－Chinainparticular－thedemandforsuchaproductisevenhigher.ManyChinesecitieshavebeensufferingfromhazE.AccordingtoWorldHealthOrganizationtwoofthe10mostpollutedcitiesintheworldin2015wereinChinA.About800000deathsthatarelinkedtoairpollutiontakeplaceinthecountryeveryyear.HoweversuchinhalersshouldneverbeanexcusefornottryingtostopairpollutionsaidProfessorJeanKrutmannattheLeibnizResearchInstituteforEnvironmentalMedicinE.Thebestthingisthatwehavecleanairandwedon’tneedanyprophylactic预防性的treatmenthesaiD.28.Whatisthenewinhaler?A.Itcanhelpprotecttheenvironment.B.Itcanhelpusreducetheharmofairpollution.C.Itcansolvetheairpollutionproblem.D.Itcanmakethedirtyairclean.29.Fromthethirdparagraphwelearnthat______.A.theinhalercomesfromaUScompanyB.theinhalerisnamedEctoineC.amoleculeintheinhalerformsalayeronlungsD.theinhaler’spricewillnotbetoohighformostpeople30.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.AirpollutionkillsmillionsofpeopleayearworldwidE.B.Airpollutioncancausementalillness.C.TherearenoairpollutionproblemsinEuropE.D.AirpollutionisaseriousprobleminChinA.31.WhichisProfessorJeanKrutmann’sopinion?A.SuchinhalersmeanmuchtopeoplE.B.Weshouldtakeactiontocontrolairpollution.C.Wecandependoninhalerstosolveairpollutionproblems.D.We’dbetterproducemoremedicinestotreatlungdiseases.

Inanagewhentechnologymovesfasterthanmostcankeepupwithasmallgroupofpeoplestillremaininthetimeofold-fashionedletter.FranklyspeakingIwasoncecertainthattraditionalletterscouldneverbereplacedbyothermeansofcommunication.ButastoryaboutonlinecommunicationchangedmyminD.AnoldmanwhosufferedalotfromParkinson’sdiseasewasnotabletotalkclearlyandcouldhardlywritehisnamE.Livingtotallyalonehemanagedtokeepintouchwithnearlyallthemembersofhisfamily.Howdidheachieve实现this?HeclickedoutwordsonhiscomputerkeyboarD.IthereforemanagedtogetanE-mailboxassoonasthechancecamE.MylifechangeD.E-mailandallonlinecommunicationissomethingtrulydifferent.Ithasabilitiesthatfewotherproductscanmatch.E.-mailisconvenient.Ittakeslesstimewithitsfastspeedand24-hourconnection.Theslowpostalserviceisnomatch匹配之物.Ifyouwouldn’twanttohaveaface-to-facetalkwithyourmanageryoumighttalkwithhimthroughE-mailevenifyouareinthesameofficE.Namingallthegoodthingsaboutonlinecommunicationisnoteasy.Butwait.E-mailcanbeinconvenient.Itcanwastetimeandenergy.Justthinkwhatmayhappenwhenyoutakeashortvacationandreturntofindyoure-mailboxfilledwith200unreadmessages.Youcouldeasilyspendhalfadayclearingjunkads.Thenonlinecommunicationwillkeepusstayingatourcomputerwhileitconnectsustodistantstrangers.Oncewethrowourselvesintothemachinewemayforgetthehumantouchesweonceheldsodear.I’msurethereisandalwayswillbeaplacefortheold-fashionedletterphonecallandface-to-facemeetingevenintheworldofmoderncommunication.AsIlistentothesoundofthemodem调制解调器IwasexcitedatsteppingouttotheoutsideworldbutatthesametimeIsensedalossofcontroloversomethingvaluableinmypersonallifE.52.WhatcausedthewritertobecomeinterestedinE-mailandonlinecommunication?A.Hisownillness.B.Thesoundofthemodem.C.A.sickoldman’sexperiencE.D.ThechangingofhislifE.53.Whatdoesthewriterthinkofonlinecommunication?A.Itshouldreplaceold-fashionedletterscompletely.B.Itisperfectandalwaysdoesgoodtoyou.C.Itisextremelyusefulandconvenientbutitmaybeinconvenientorevenharmful.D.ItdoesmoreharmthangooD.54.Accordingtothewritertraditionalmeansofcommunicationwillneverdisappearbecause________.A.theyhelptokeepthefriendlyrelationshipbetweenpeopleB.theyareconvenientandpopularthoughtheyareslowC.mostpeoplecannotkeepupwiththedevelopmentoftechnologyD.modernmeansofcommunicationdoestoomuchharm55.Howdidthesickoldmankeepintouchwithhisfamilymembers?A.Byvisitingthemregularly.B.Bywritingletterswithhispen.C.Bymakingtelephonecalls.D.Withthehelpofhiscomputer.

Whenlookingfordietplanstogainmuscletherearesomegreattipsthatcanhelpyoutoensurethatyouareeatingtohelpyoubuildthemusclethatyouwant.Yourdietisjustasimportantasexercisewhenyouattachimportancetoyourdietitcanhelpyoutoreachyourgoalmuchfaster.Youwillfindthatyouwilleatleanmeatalmostdaily.IfyoueatmeateachdaythiscanhelpyoutokeepyourfigurE.Thetrickwithbeefistofindleancutsandthisissomethingthatcanprovideyouwithprotein.Fishandturkeywillalsobeincludedinthediet.Chickenhassomerulesandyoushouldalwayseatskinlessandavoidfrying.Fiberissomethingthatisnottalkedmuchaboutwhenlookingforamusclebuildingdietbutthisisbasispartofthemusclebuildingdiet.Fiberhasmanybenefitsandwillaidindigestionandhelpyoutofeelfull.Oatmeal燕麦片isagreatsourceoffiberbutyoushouldavoidthepremadeoatmeal.Fruitandvegetablescontainalotoffiberandthiscanalsoaidinweightlossifthisisaproblemyouareworkingon.Ifyouwanttocompleteyourworkoutmoreeffectivelyyouneedtomakesurethatyouaredrinkingadequateamountofwatereachday.Yourbodyismadeupofwaterandyouneedtoreplenish补充thiswatersourceeachdayinordertobeinthebestshapE.Ifyouarecompletingaveryintenseworkoutyouwillneedtomakesurethatyouaredrinkingevenmorewatertostayhydrated含水的.Whenprotein乳清蛋白质isagreatwayforbusyindividualstogettheproteintheyneedonthego.YouwillusesoyandtofuforsourcesofproteinifyoudonoteatmeatandthiscanbeawonderfulalternativE.Therearedietplanstogainmuscleforeverycategory.Youcanmakeminoradjustmentstoyourdietthatcanhavesomegreatbenefits.21.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.ProperdietscanhelpbuildyourmuscleB.ThedietisnotasimportantasexerciseC.DietplansareveryimportantD.Payingattentiontoyourdiet22.Whenyoueatchickenyoushouldalways_______.A.eatchickenwithskinB.eatbakedchickenC.noteatchickenwithskinandthefriedD.noteatboiledchicken23.What’sthemainideaofParagraph3?A.OatmealisagreatsourceoffiberB.FruitandvegetablescontainalotoffiberC.LosingweightneedsfiberD.Thefunctionoffiber

ComputersareveryimportanttomodernlifE.ManypeoplethinkthatinthefuturecomputerswillbeusedinlotsofeverydaylifE.Itisthoughtthatwewon’thavetogoshoppingbecausewewillbeabletogetmostthingswhicharesoldinshopsontheInternet.Therewillbenomorebooksbecausewewillbeabletogetalltextsfromcomputers.TheInternetwillbeusedtoplaygamesseefilmsandbuyfooD.Mosttelephonecallswillbemadebycomputerstoo.Somepeoplearegladaboutthesenewwaysofshoppingandcommunicating.Othersdonotthinkthatcomputerswillreplaceouroldways.Let’slookatbooksforexamplE.Somepeoplethinkthatonedaywewillnotreadbooksmadeofpaper.Insteadwewillbuyandreadbooksusingcomputers.Wewillreadtextsonsmallpocketcomputers.ThecomputerswillkeepmanydifferentbooksinthematthesametimE.Wewon’tneedtoturnlotsofpagesandpaperwillbesaveD.Computerized计算机化bookswillbeusedmoreandmorE.IsInternetshoppingsuchapleasureasgoingtotheshop?Manypeoplesayitisnot.Itisapleasuretogointoshopsandlookatthingsyouwanttobuy.Itisalsounlikelythatmanypeoplewillwanttoreadlargetextsonourcomputers.Becausepaperbookswillperhapsbemorefriendly.Maybecomputerswon’tchangethesetwohabits.31.Inparagraph1itisthoughtpeoplewillusecomputersfor_______.A.playinggamesshoppingandmakingtelephonecallsB.makingtelephonecallshavingmealsandseeingfilmsC.seeingfilmsbuyingfoodandgoingforholidaysD.playinggamesmakingtelephonecallsandseeingthedoctor32.WhichreasonforusingcomputerizedbooksisNOTsaidinthepassage?A.Computerizedbookswon’tbeveryexpensivE.B.Computerscankeepmanydifferentbooksinthem.C.Wewon’thavelotsofpages.D.Wewon’tneedanypaper.33.Paragraph4tells_______.A.abouttheoldandnewwaysofshoppingandcommunicatingB.iftheInternetwillchangeourhabitsC.aboutcomputerizedbooksD.aboutfutureusesofcomputers34.Thetitleforthispassageis_______.A.ComputerswillReplaceShopsandBooksB.ComputerswillbeUsedintheFutureC.ComputerswillDoEverythingforManD.HowComputersChangeOurHabits35.Accordingtothewriter’sviewwhichisright?A.ComputerswillreplaceeverythingcompletelyinourdailylifeinthefuturE.B.ComputerswillnotbeusedatallinourdailylifeinthefuturE.C.ComputerswillnotbeusedinshoppinginthefuturE.D.Computerswillbringmoreandwiderusageinourdailylifeinthefuture.

ChinesefemalescientistTuYouyouwonthe2015NobelPrizeinmedicineonOctober5forherdiscoveriesconcerninganoveltreatmentagainstMalaria疟疾.ThisisthefirstNobelPrizegiventoaChinesescientistforworkcarriedoutwithinChinA.TusharedtheprizewithIrish-bornWilliamCampbellandSatoshiOmuraofJapanwhowerehonoredfortheirrevolutionaryanti-roundwormtreatment.84-year-oldTuisawardedthisprizeforhercontributiontocuttingthedeathrateofmalariareducingpatients’sufferingandpromotingmankind’shealth.Althoughshereceivedseveralmedicalawardsinthepastthe2015NobelPrizeisdefinitelythemostprivilegerewardthatrecognizesTu’sdedicationandperseveranceindiscoveringartemisinin青蒿素thekeydrugthatbattlesmalaria-friendlyparasites寄生虫.Howeverherroutetothehonorhasbeenanythingbuttraditional.ShewontheNobelPrizeformedicinebutshedoesn’thaveamedicaldegreeoraPhD.InChinasheisevenbeingcalledthethree-noeswinner:nomedicaldegreenodoctorateandshe’sneverworkedoverseas.NowonderhersuccesshasstirredChina’snationalprideandhelpedpromoteconfidenceofnativeChinesescientists.ThefactthatTuhasnoneofthesethreebackgroundsremindsusthatscienceshouldbemoreaccessibletoall.Oneshallbeabletobecomeascientistnomatterwhatkindofbackgroundheorshecomesfromaslongasonedivesintoscientificresearch.TherehavebeendiscussionsonpeoplewhoreallylovesciencebutareneverabletoachievemuchduringtheirwholelifE.TheircontributionscanneverbeignoreD.TheyworksohardtoprovethewrongwaysothatthefutureresearcherswillbeclosertotherightonE.AsthefirstChinesemainlandNobelPrizeWinnerofnaturalscienceawardTu’srecord-breakingwinningalsoservesasaremindertothosewhoaretooeagerforinstantsuccess.Scienceisneveraboutinstantsuccess.TuspentdecadesonscientificresearchbeforeitsvalueisofficiallyacknowledgeD.Thereisnowaytomeasurehowmuchonedevotestoscienceandcompareitwithhowmuchrewardheorshemayget.1.Itcanbeconcludedfromthetextthat__________.A.TuworkedhomeandabroadtoconductherresearchB.TugottheNobelPrizeforheranti-roundwormtreatmentC.TheNobelPrizeisthefirstawardtorecognizeherworkD.HerdiscoveryofartemisininhashelpedtocutMalariadeathrate2.Theauthorseemstoagreethatapersonwhoismorelikelytobecomeascientististheonewith__________.A.asenseofnationalprideB.relevantacademicknowledgeC.adesiretoachievesuccessD.enthusiasmforscientificresearch3.Inwritingthepassagetheauthorintendsto___________.A.informreadersofthenewsandmakecommentsB.discouragethepursuitofinstantsuccessinscienceC.remindreadersoftheprinciplesofscientificresearchD.praisetheawardwinnerandencouragescientificresearch

Nexttimeyouhearafunnyjokeyou’dbetternotlaughtooharD.AccordingtoapaperpublishedbytheBritishMedicalJournallaughterisn’talwaysthebestmedicinE.Sometimesit$来&源ziyuanku.comcanevenbeharmful.ProfessorRobinFernerfromtheUniversityofBirminghamoneoftheauthorsofthestudyfoundthatbadthingscouldhappentopeoplewholaughedtoomuch.Hesays:Wefoundpeoplewithheartbeatproblemswhichhadstoppedtheirheartwefoundpeoplewhohadfainted昏倒andwefoundpeoplewhohaddislocatedtheirjawsorbursttheirlungs.Itseemsthatlaughingcanbenolaughingmatter.Butit’snotalldoomandgloom.ProfessorFernersaystherearebenefitstolaughingwhenyouwanttoloseweightforexamplE.Yesthat’sright:laughandbeslimmer!ProfessorFernerexplainsthat:Youuseenergywhenyoulaughyoumoveyourdiaphragm横膈膜youexpandyourlungsandboththosethingscanbehelpful.Accordingtotheresearchlaughingforaquarterofanhourcanburnupto40caloriesandifyoulaughedalldayyou’duseupabout2000calorieswhichiswhatmostpeopleconsumeinaday.Butdon’tdothatoryoumightendupwithapainfuljaw.Ouch!Oryoumightfindpeoplelookingatyouinafunnyway.ButIdon’twanttofinishthisarticleleavingyoufeelingdesperatE.Laughtercomesnaturallyformostofus.Babiesbegintolaughataround3-6months.Sogiveintoyoursenseofhumourandkeepsmiling.Lifeisshortanyway.21.LaughingtoomuchmaycausethefollowingharmfulresultsEXCEPT_________.A.heartstop.B.diaphragmmovement.C.lungburst.D.jawdislocation.22.TheunderlinedphrasedoomandgloominParagraph2probablymeans_______.资*源%库ziyuanku.comA.HopelessB.funnyC.PainfulD.nervous23.Howmanycaloriescanyouuseifyoulaughforhalfaday?A.About40.B.About1000.C.About2000.D.About2040.24.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardslaughinginthelastparagraph?A.UninteresteD.B.Disapproving.不赞同C.WorrieD.D.FavorablE.

AfoodchainisasimplewayofexplaininghoweachlivingthinggetsitsfooD.ForexampleasimpleAfricanfoodchainmightconsistofthreeparts:1treesandbushes;2giraffes;and3lions.Eachlinkinafoodchainisfoodforthenextlink.Foodchainsalwaysstartwithplantsandendwithanimals.Plantsareatthebottomofthefoodchain.Scientistscallthemproducersbecausetheyuselightenergyfromthesuntoproducefoodfromcarbondioxideandwaterthroughphotosynthesis光合作用.Animalsunlikeplantscan’tproducetheirownfooD.Insteadtheymusteatplantsorotheranimals.Thisiswhyscientistscallthemconsumers.Consumeranimalsfallintothreecategories.Herbivoreseatonlyplan’s.Carnivoreseatonlyotheranimals.Omnivoreseatbothplantsandanimals.Inadditiontoproducersandconsumerstherearealsodecomposers.Theseorganismssuchasbacteriaandfungifeedondecayingmatter.Theyhelpthefoodchainbyspeedingupthedecayingprocessthatreleasesmineralsbackintothesoiltobeabsorbedbyplantsasnutrients.Mostfoodchainshaveonlyfourorfivelinksinthem.Asyougoupafoodchaintheamountofenergyateachleveldiminishesbecausesomeoftheenergyislostintheformofwasteorisusedupbytheorganismatthelevel.Thatiswhyittakesmanyplantsforexampletofeedafewgiraffeswhointurnfeedonelion.Mostanimalsarepartofmanydifferentfoodchainsbecausetheymusteatmorethanonetypeoffoodtosatisfytheirenergyneeds.AlloftheseinterconnectedfoodchainsformamorecomplexstructurecalledafoodweB.Humansforexampleareatthecenterofaverycomplexfoodwebbecausewetendtoeatmanydifferenttypesofplantsandanimals.32.WhichofthefollowingtellsustheAfricanfoodchain?A.Treesgiraffesandlionsliveononeanother.B.Giraffeseatlionsandlionsfeedonbushes.C.Lionsliveongiraffesandgiraffeseattrees.D.Bushesliveonlionsandlionseatgiraffes.33.Inthesecondparagraphtheauthorismainlyto.A.emphasizetheimportanceoftheplantsB.comparetheplantsandtheanimalsC.presentthescientists’differentviewsD.explaintheproducersandconsumers34.TheunderlinedworddiminishesinParagraph4probablymeans.A.changesB.decreasesC.disappearsD.increases35.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.ThetypesofplantsandanimalsB.ThedifferencesamongthelivingthingsC.ThreecategoriesoftheconsumersD.Thefoodchaininthenaturalworld

Moderninventionshavespeededuppeople'slivesamazingly.Motor﹣carscoverahundredmilesinalittlemorethananhour.Aircraftscrosstheworldadaywhilecomputersoperateatalightningspeed.Indeedthisloveofspeedseemsnever﹣ending.Everyyearmotor﹣carsareproducedwhichgoevenfasterandeachnewcomputerboasts吹嘘ofsavingprecioussecondsinhandlingtasks.Allthissavestimebutataprice.Whenweloseorgainhalfadayinspeedingacrosstheworldinanairplaneourbodiestellusso.Wegettheuncomfortablefeelingknownasjet﹣lag时差ourbodiesfeelthattheyhavebeenleftbehindinanothertimezone.Againspendingtoolongatcomputersresultsinpainfulwristsandfingers.Mobilephonesalsohavetheirdangersaccordingtosomescientiststoomuchusemaytransmitharmfulradiationintoourbrainsaconsequencewedonotliketothinkabout.HoweverwhatdowedowiththetimewehavesavedCertainlynotrelaxorsoitseems.Wearesoaccustomedtoconstantactivitythatwefinditdifficulttositanddonothingorevenjustonethingatatime.Perhapsthedaysarelonggonewhenwemightlistenquietlytoastoryontheradiolettingimaginationtakeusintoanotherworld.Therewasatimewhensomepeople'slivesweredevotedsimplytothecultivationofthelandorthecareofcattle.Nomulti﹣taskingtheretheirliveswentonatamuchgentlerpaceandinafamiliarpattern.Thereismuchthatwemightenvyaboutawayoflifelikethis.Yetbeforewedosowemustthinkofthehardtasksourancestorsfacedtheyfarmedwithbarehandsoftenlivedclosetohungerandhadtofashiontoolsfromwoodandstone.Modernmachineryhasfreedpeoplefromthatprimitiveexistence.8.Thenewproductsbecomemoreandmoretime﹣savingbecause.A.ourloveofspeedseemsnever﹣endingB.timeislimitedC.thepricesareincreasinglyhighD.themanufacturersboastalot9.WhatdoesthedaysinParagraph3refertoA.ImaginarylifeB.SimplelifeinthepastC.TimesofinventionsD.Timeforconstantactivity10.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthemoderntechnologyA.CriticalB.ObjectiveC.OptimisticD.Negative11.WhatdoesthepassagemainlydiscussA.ThepresentandpasttimesB.MachineryandhumanbeingsC.ImaginationsandinventionsD.Moderntechnologyanditsinfluence.

Breakfastisnotonlythemostimportantmealofthedayitisalsothemostneglected.Commonreasonsfornoteatingbreakfastincludelackoftimenotfeelinghungrytraditionaldislikeforbreakfastanddieting节食.Breakfastsimplymeansbreakthefast.Yourbodyspendsatleast6to12hourseachnightinafastingstatE.Inthemorningyourbodyneedsenergyfortheday’sworkaheaD.Agoodbreakfastshouldprovideupto1/3ofyourtotalcaloriesneedsfortheday.Onaverage平均weeat400lesscaloriesforbreakfastthanfordinner.Ifbreakfastdoesn’tattractyouinthemorningtryeatingalighterforthebreakfastinthemorning.Ifyouaren’thungryinthemorningstartwithsomethingsmalllikejuiceortoastorhaveanutritious有营养的mid-morningsnackalterwhenyouarehungry.Soyousayyou’reonadiet.SomepeoplefeareatingbreakfastwillmakethemhungrierduringthedayandtheywilleatmorE.ItistruethateatingbreakfastislikelytomakeyoueatmorE.That’sbecauseyourbodyisworkingalldaylonginfactyouareprobablynot.Noteatingbreakfastcanalsocauseyoutoovereatsinceafallinbloodsugaroftenmakesyoufeelveryhungrylater.Tomakemattersworsesinceyourbodyisinaslowedstateitwillnotbeabletoburnthoseextracaloriesveryquickly.Ifyoufeedyourbodyhealthysnacksandmealsthroughthedayyouarelesslikelytobecomehungryandfillyourselfassoonasyoubegintoeat.Sincebreakfastisthefirstandmostimportantmealofthedaychoosingtherightfuelisimportant.Thebestbreakfastfoodsarefruitsjuiceleanmeatandgrainproductssuchasbreadricenoodlesandcereals.谷物21.WhichofthefollowingstatementisNotthereasonforhavingbreakfast?A.TheirtimeislimiteD.B.Theywanttoloseweight.C.Theirstomachsarefull.D.Theywanttostartworkearly.22.What’sthemeaningofthewordfastinthephrasebreakthefast?A.movementB.certainkindoffoodC.quicknessD.goingwithoutfood23.Ifyoudon’twanttohavebreakfastinthemorningthewritersuggestsyou.A.havesomesnackswhenhungryB.seeadoctortohaveanexaminationC.haveagooddinnerD.gotoarestauranttoenjoyagoodmeal24.Fromthepassagewecanknowthewriterbelieves.A.it’sOKnottohavebreakfastB.it’simportanttogoonadietatbreakfastC.youcandecidewhethertohavebreakfastD.it’snecessarytohavearightbreakfast

ThisistheSCIENCEINTHENEWSI'mBarbaraKlein.Animalexpertssayoneoftheworld'smostbeautifulandrarekindsofbigcatisclosetodisappearingfromthewilD.A.studyearlierthisyearfoundthataboutthirtyAmurleopards豹stilllivefreE.ThecatsarealsocalledFarEasternleopards.RecentlytheirnumberhasbeenreducedbyoneSomepersonshotafemaleAmurthenbeathertodeath.Theanimal'sbodywasdiscoveredlastmonthintheBarsovyNationalWildlifeRefugeineasternRussiA.AnofficialoftheWorldWildlifeFundDarronsaidthiswasthethirdsuchkillingintheareainthepastfivesyears.MrCollinssaidthedeathofevenoneadultfemaleisahugelossfortheendangeredcatHenotedthatthekillingreducesthepossibilityforcubs幼兽oryoung.ItisnotclearhowmanyAmurleopardsstilllivefreE.OnepopulationcountwasperformedinFebruaryandMarch.WildlifeexpertDmitryPikuuovledthisstudy.Itfoundevidenceofseventoninemales.ThestudyidentifiedthreetosevenfemaleswithoutcubsFourleopardswereidentifiedasfemaleswithcubs.InallfiveorsixcubswererecordedSixtoeightanimalscouldnotbeidentifieD.MostofthelandwheretheAmurleopardoncelivedwasinChinA.Newroadsandclimatechangetherethreatenedtheanimals.Sodidhunterswhokillbigcatsfortheirbodyparts.Mr.PikuuovsaysadultAmursneedaboutfivehundredsquarekilometerswithgoodforeststosurvivE.HesaidtheyalsoneedalargeandcontinuingsupplyofanimalslikedeerforfooD.HebelievestheanswertosavingtheAmurleopardisforgovernmentstoprovideprotectedspacesforwildlifE.32.Thispassageisprobablyfrom.A.amagazineB.anewspaperreportC.aTVreportD.afilm33.Whyisthekillingofanadultfemaleahugeloss?A.ItcouldleadtothedeathofanadultmalE.B.ItmeansitcannotgivebirthtotheyounganymorE.C.11isworthmoremoneythanamalE.D.ThereisonlyoneadultfemaleintheworlD.34.ThenumberoftheAmurleopardsinChinaisbecomingsmallerbecauseofallthefollowingEXCEPT.A.newroadsB.climatechangeC.humanhuntingD.rarediseases35.AccordingtotheexpertstheAmurleopards.A.arelivingonplantsB.arelivinginthezooC.arewellprotectedbypeopleD.areendangered

Wildlifefacesthreats威胁fromhabitatdestructionpollutionandotherhumanactions.Althoughprotectingwildlifemayseemtoohardattimesevensmallactionsinyourownneighbourhoodcanhelpprotectmanydifferentanimals.Herearesometipsonhowtoprotectwildlifethroughsmallactions.1.CreatewildlifefriendlyareasinyourbackyarD.Whentryingtomakeyourgardenmorebeautifulyoucanchooseplantsthatcanprovidefoodandsheltertonativewildlife.Thiswillalsohelpcutdownonpollution.Addbirdorbathousestoyouryardorgardentoattractandshelterthesespecies.2.Avoidharmingthenaturalecosystem生态系统inyourareA.SomeplantsfromotherplacescankillorharmnativeplantsthatprovidefoodandshelterforwildlifE.3.________________________________________________.Byusinglesswaterandfewerfuelsyouwillbehelpingtoprotectthewildlifearoundyou.Takebusesorthesubwaywhenyoucanturnoffelectricdeviceswhenyou’renotusingthemtakeshortershowerandkeepyourroomtemperatureatorbelow68degreesduringthewinter.4.BuyproductsthatarewildlifefriendlyDon’tbuyproductsthataremadefromendangeredanimals.Keepinmindthatsomeendangeredanimalsarekilledbytrapscatchesorhunterswhoareafterotherwildlifewithinthesamehabitat.5.Donatemoneyortimetoorganizationsthatprotectwildlifeandtheirhabitats.YoucangivemoneytoorganizationorgroupsthatprotectwildlifespeciesinyourneighbourhooD.21.Weinferthatthepurposeofthispassageisto________.A.telluswhyprotectingwildlifeisextremelyimportantnowB.suggestthatweprotectwildlifethroughactionsC.explainwhyprotectingwildlifeisnotashardaspeoplethink.D.giveussometipsonhowtoprotectwildlifethroughsmallactions22.WhichofthefollowingthreatstowildlifeisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A.AnimaldiseasesB.LossofhabitatC.PollutionD.Hunters23.What’sthebesttitleforthethirdpoint?A.HaveagreenerlifestylE.B.Uselesswaterandfewerfuels.C.TakeabuswhenyougooutD.TryanewkindoflifE.24.Thewritersuggeststhatwe_________.A.notbuyproductsmadefromanimalsB.sharecarswithotherswhenwegooutC.growasmanykindsofplantsinourgardensaspossibleD.providesheltersforbirdsandbatsinourgardensoryards

Howtoeathealthfullycanbeespeciallycomplexforworkingwomenoftenhaveneitherthedesirenorthetimetocookforthemselvesorforanyoneelse.Registereddietitian营养专家BarharaMorrisseysuggeststhatafewsimplerulescanhelp.Gofornutrient-dense营养丰富的foodsshesuggestsfoodsthatcontainamultipleofnutrients.ForexampleselectwholewheatbreadasabreakfastfoodratherthancoffeecakE.Ordrinkorangejuiceratherthanorangedrinkwhichcontainsonlyasmallpercentageofrealjuice-therestislargelycoloredsugarwater.Youjustcan’tcomparethevalueofthesefoodsthenutrientdenseonesaresosuperiorsheemphasizes.Morrisseybelievesthatvarietyisnotonlythespiceoflife—it’sthefoundation基础ofahealthfuldiet.Dietswhicharebasedononeortwofoodsarenotonlyvirtuallyimpossibletokeepupthestrengththeycanbeveryharmfulshesaysbecausenutrientsaren’tsuppliedinsufficientamountsorbalancE.AccordingtoMorrisseytryingtofindadietthatcancureyourillnessesormakeyousuperwomanisafruitlesssearch.AswomenmanyofusaretooconcernedwithstayingthinshesaysandwebelievethatvitaminsaresomekindofmagiccuretoreplacefooD.Weneedcarbohydratesproteinandfat—theyarelikethewoodinthefireplacE.Thevitaminsandmineralsarelikethematchthesparkforthefuelsheexplains.Weneedthemallbutinaverydifferentproportions比例.Andifthefuelisn’ttherethesparkisuseless.32.Fromtheparagraphweknowthatworkingwomen.A.thinkcookingisespeciallycomplicatedB.donotsharethesameviewswithregistereddietitiansC.arebusyandnotinterestedincookingD.arelikelytoeathealthfully33.Orangejuiceisdifferentfromorangedrinkinthat.A.itcontainsonlyasmallpercentageofrealjuiceB.itisnaturalnutritiousandpreparedfromrealorangesC.itislargelyorange-coloredsugarwaterD.itcontainsnothingbutcalories34.InParagraph4afruitlesssearchmeans.A.aneffortwithnoresultsB.asearchforadietwithoutfruitsC.aresearchonfruitlessdietD.adietservingasmedicine35.Bysavingifthefuelisn’ttherethesparkisuselesstheauthormeans.A.carbohydratesproteinandfatareenoughtosupportahumanlifeB.vitaminsandmineralsarevirtuallyofnovalueC.carbohydratesproteinandfatareasimportantasvitaminsandmineralsD.withoutcarbohydratesproteinandfatvitaminsandmineralsareofnouse

Apillthatcreatesthedesiretoexercise?Scientistshavediscoveredacompoundthatcouldmakesit-upsandStairMastersasattractiveassnacksandthesofA.36.Obesity-relatedconditionsheartdiseasestroketype2diabetesandcertaintypesofcancercomprise包含thenation’sleadingcausesofdeath.Whenitcomestothecompetitionbetweenfoodandexercisefoodclearlywinstheblueribbon.Butit’snotforlackofdesirE.TypeinmotivationtoexerciseinGoogleandprepareyourselffor61900000results.It’sjusthardtogetintotherhythmofgoingtothegym.Sohardinfactthatpeopleoftenopt挑选forwacky古怪的weightlossfads黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸dietgogglesanyone?andquestionabledietsinsteadhellofeedingtubediet.37.Butasresearchersarestrugglingtocreatesafeandeffectiveweightlossdrugswhatiftherewasapilltomakeyouwanttoworkout?38.A.teamofSwissresearchersfoundthatwhenahormoneinthebraincallederythropoietinEpowaselevated提升inmicethemiceweremoremotivatedtoexercisE.HereweshowthatEpoincreasesthemotivationtoexercisesaidMaxGassmannD.V.M.aresearcherinvolvedintheworkfromtheInstituteofVeterinary兽医的PhysiologyVetsuisse-FacultyandZurichCenterforIntegrative综合的HumanPhysiologyattheUniversityofZurichinSwitzerlanD.Popapillandchampatthebittohitthegym?39.obviouslybutalsomentalhealthdisordersforwhichexerciseisknowntoimprovesymptoms.Ifyoucan’tputexerciseinapillthenmaybeyoucanputthemotivationtoexerciseinapillinsteadsaidGeraldWeissmannM.D.editor-in-chiefofTheFASEBJournalwhichpublishedtheresearch.Asmoreandmorepeoplebecomeoverweightandobesewemustattacktheproblemfromallangles.Maybethedaywillcomewhengymsareaseasilyfoundasfast-foodrestaurants.40.A.Buttheyareintheirownways.B.Ortheysimplysurrendertoobesity.C.Morethanone-thirdofU.S.adultsareobesE.D.Assciencefictionseeminglycomestolifeitmaybecomeareality.E.Thiswouldhaveremarkablebenefitsforawiderangeofhealthproblems—obesityF.SomepeopleareverygladtobeflatteredbyothersduetooverweightandfatG.NowiftheycanjustcomeupwithapillthatmotivatesyoutocleanthehousE.

High-techmachineshavemadelifeeasierformillionsaroundtheworld.Howeversomepeoplestillpreferlow-techwaysofdoingthings.Here’sanexampleofwhythisishappening.Youcanmicrowaveafrozenhamburgerin60seconds.Howeveritwon’ttasteasgoodasoneyoucookonthestove.Andifyou’reinthatmuchofahurryyouprobablywon’ttaketimetotoastthebun.High-techcookingsavestimebutitdoesn’tmakeforbetter-tastingmeals.Mostpeoplegettheirnewsfromhigh-techsourcesliketelevisionortheInternet.Thishasmanyadvantages.Forexampleelectronicnewsismoreuptodatethannewspapersormagazines.It’salsomoreexcitingtoseeliveandvideotapednewseventsthanphotographs.Howevernewspapersandmagazineshavesomeimportantadvantages.Theygivemorebackgroundanddetails.Theyalsoletyoureadthepartsthatareimportanttoyouandskiptherest.Otherhigh-techtimesavershavesimilardisadvantages.Forexamplemostpeopleusethephoneore-mailtostayintouchwithfriendsandfamilymemberswholiveinotherplaces.ButwhenyouusetheInternetorthephoneyouwon’talwaysthinkcarefullyaboutwhatyouaresayingandsometimesyouforgettheimportantthingsyouwanttocommunicate.Similarlywhenyouword-processahomeworkassignmentinsteadofhandwritingityoucancheckyourspellingelectronicallyandputinfancyheadings.Howeversomestudentsaresobusywiththecomputerthattheydon’tpayenoughattentiontotheactualwordstheyarewriting.21.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Thewriterlikeshigh-techcookingB.Low-techcookingproducesbetter-tastingmeals.C.High-technewsprogramsalwayskeepsyoureadingwhatisimportanttoyou.D.Handwrittenhomeworkisbetterthanword-processedhomework.22.Howdoesthewriterfeelabouthigh-techtools?A.Betterlatethannever.B.Easycomeeasygo.C.Everycoinhastwosides.D.Learntowalkbeforeyourun.23.Whatisthemainsubjectdiscussedinthetext?A.High-techvslow-tech.B.Advantagesvsdisadvantages.C.NewspapersandmagazinesvstelevisionandtheInternet.D.Word-processingvshandwriting.24.Howisthetextorganized?A.Mainidea-Argument-ExplanationB.Opinion-Discussion-DescriptionC.Topic-Comparison-Supportingexamples.D.Introduction-Supportingexamples-Discussion.

ManisalandanimalbutheisalsocloselytiedtotheseA.Throughouthistorytheseahasservedtheneedsofman.Theseahasprovidedmanwithfoodandaconvenient便利的waytotraveltomanypartsoftheworlD.Todaynearlytwo-thirdsoftheworld’spopulationlivewithin80kilometersoftheseacoast.Inthemoderntechnologicalworldtheseaoffersmanyresourcestohelpmankindsurvive=continuetolive.Resourcesonlandarebeginningtobeusedup.Theseahoweverstillcanbehopedtosupplymanyofman’sneeds.Thelistofrichesoftheseayettobedevelopedbyman’stechnologyisimpressivE.Oilandgasexplorations探险havebeencarriedoutfornearly30years.Valuableamountsofmineralsexistontheoceanfloorreadytobemined开采.FishfarmingpromisestobeagoodwaytoproducelargequantitiesoffooD.Thecultureoffishandshellfish贝类动物isanancientskillpracticedinthepastmainlybyOrientalpeoplE.Besidesoilandgastheseamayoffernewsourcesofenergy.Expertsbelievethatthewarmtemperatureoftheoceancanbeusedinawaysimilartothesteaminasteamship.Oceancurrents水流andwavesofferpossibleuseasasourceofenergy.Technologyisenablingmantoexplore勘探evermoredeeplyundertheseA.ThedevelopmentofstrongnewmaterialshasmadethispossiblE.ThetechnologytoharvesttheseacontinuestoimprovE.Expertsbelievethatbytheyear2000theproblemsthatpreventusfromexploitingfullythefoodmineralsandenergysourcesoftheseawillbelargelysolveD.60.Themajorthingsthattheseaoffersmanare______.A.fishandoilB.mineralsandoilC.warmtemperatureandoceancurrentsD.thefoodenergysourcesandminerals61.Theseaservestheneedsofmanbecause______.A.inprovidesmanwithfoodB.itoffersoiltomanC.itsuppliesmanwithmineralsD.alloftheabove62.Wecanconcludefromthispassagethat______.A.thesearesourceshavelargelybeenusedupB.theseainthebroadsensehasnotyetbeendevelopedC.theproblemsthatpreventusfromusingthefoodmineralsandenergysourcesoftheseahavealreadybeensolveD.D.bytheyear2000thetechnologywillbegoodenoughtoexploitallthesearesources63.TheunderlinedwordsOrientalpeopleinthefourthparagraphprobablymean______.A.thepeopleinAsiaB.AfricanpeopleC.EuropeanpeopleD.Americanpeople64.Thebesttitleforthispassageis______.A.SeaHarvestB.SeaFoodC.TechnologyforExploitingtheSeaD.ManandtheSea

WhilehomeworkinkindergartenrequirescoloringandlearningtheABC'sthehighschoolhomeworkloadhasbecomeincreasinglydifficultandtime-consuming.耗费时间的IthinkhomeworktakesalongtimetodoRossPerryGrade10saiD.Ithelpsyoulearnsometimesbutnotreallythatmuch.Istayupuntilmidnightdoinghomeworkandsometimesthereisnopointinevenstartingtodoit.HallieRojeskiajuniorhighteachertriesnottogiveherclasseshomeworkhopingnottodiscouragestudents.Itrytogiveminimal最小限度的homeworkbecausestudentsshouldbeplayingandtakingexercisemorethanworkinginsideallday.Studentsusuallydon'thavegoodstudyhabitswhentheycomeintothe7thand8thgradE.Iofferanecessaryafter-schoolassignment功课sotheywilllearnthem.Teenagersareencouragedtoget8-9hoursofsleepandparticipateinsportsorphysicalactivityoutsideschool.With2-3hoursofhomeworkitcanbedifficulttodoeverything.HomeworktakesdifferentamountsoftimebasedonwhatcoursesstudentstakE.IgivemySpanishstudentslittlebitsofhomeworkMelodyDownieaSpanishteachersaiD.Thatisaboutwhatwelearnedinclassbecauseforaforeignlanguageyouneedtodoworkthatreinforces巩固whatwelearn.Ihardlygivemyhistoryclasshomework.WhenstudentsdotheirhomeworktheyshouldbeinaquietareaHallieRojeskisaiD.Theyalsoneedtodoworkfor30minutesandthentakea10-minutebreakbecauseitishardforstudentstokeepfocusedforalongtimE.TheUniversityofMichiganfoundinarecentstudythattheamountofhomeworkhadincreasedby51%since1981.HarrisCooperatDukeUniversitysaysthatstudentswhodosmallamountsofhomeworkdobetterontheirtestsbutwhentheyexceed60-90minutesofhomeworkthetestscoresfall.HomeworkisgiventomotivatestudentstolearnPrincipalGarySchultzsaiD.Repeatingwhattheylearninschoolhelpsthemtorememberandlearnthingsfortests.Somekidsdonotneedhomeworktolearnbutmostdo.Ibelievepracticemakesperfect.21.AccordingtoRossPerrydoinghomework__________.A.isreallyawasteoftimeB.issometimesunnecessaryforstudentsC.isusuallyagreathelptostudentsD.isalwaysagoodwayoflearning22.ThereasonwhyHallieRojeskigivesherstudentsminimalhomeworkisthatshethinks______.A.toomuchhomeworkwillmakestudents'testscoresfallB.studentsshouldlearngoodstudyingandlivinghabitsC.littlebitsofhomeworkwillreinforcewhatstudentslearninclassD.itistoohardforstudentstofocusonschoolassignmentforalongtime23.Theunderlinedwordexceedcanbereplacedby________?A.finishB.doC.areagainstD.arebeyond24.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Studentsdonotlikedoingtoomuchhomework.B.Properamountsofhomeworkarenecessary.C.Studentsdonotneedtodoafter-schoolhomework.D.Morehomeworkshouldbegiventomotivatestudents.

Asmallrobotmayhelpchildrenwhoarerecoveringfromalong-termillnessesinthehospitalorathomE.Thesechildrenmayfeelisolatedfromtheirfriendsandclassmates.Therobottakestheirplaceatschool.Throughtherobotthechildrencanheartheirteachersandfriends.Theyalsocantakepartinclassfromwherevertheyarerecovering.ANorwegiancompanycalledNoIsolationcreatedarobot.Theco-foundersofNoIsolationareKarenDolvaandMariusAabel.TherobotiscalledAV1.AV1goestoschoolforachildwhoisathomewhilerecoveringfromalong-termillness.Andthechild’sschoolfriendsmusthelp.Theycarrytherobotbetweenclassesandplacetherobotonthechild’sdesk.DolvaexplainshowtherobotAV1works.Shesaysfromhomethechildusesatabletorphonetostarttherobot.Thentheyusethesamedevicetocontroltherobot’smovements.AtschooltherobotbecomestheeyesearsandvoiceofthechilD.Thechildcantakepartinclassroomactivitiesfromwherevershe/heisrecovering—whetherathomeorfromahospitalbeD.Therobotisequippedwithspeakersmicrophonesandcamerasmakecommunicatingeasy.Itwasdesignedtobetough.ItiswaterresistantandcantakeafallfromadeskwithoutdamagE.InsideAV1thereisasmallcomputerconnectedtoa4Gnetwork.A.smallcamerahookeduptoasmallcomputercoulddothejoB.ButthatwouldnotbethesamE.AV1islargeandlookslikeahumanforareason.Dolvasaysthisisimportantbecausetherobotissupposedtobeafriendtothechildren.Androbotsarequitesimplycool.TherobotjustbecameavailabletothepubliC.HopefullyAV1willhelpsomechildrenfeellesslonelywhiletheyareabsentfromclass.25.WhichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedwordisolatedinParagraph2?A.freedB.tiredC.bannedD.separated26.WhatcanweknowaboutAV1?A.Itcangotoschoolonitsown.B.ItissmallandlookslikeakiD.C.Itcanreplacechildrentoattendclasses.D.ItwascreatedbyDolvaandAabel.27.HowarethemovementsofAV1controlled?A.ByusingatabletorphonE.B.Byjoininginclassroomactivities.C.Throughasmallspeaker.D.ThroughasmallcamerA.28.WhoisAV1mainlydesignedfor?A.Childrenwhohavejustrecoveredfromillnesses.B.Childrenwhocan’tgotoschoolforalongtimE.C.Childrenwhoareboredwithgoingtoschool.D.Childrenwhocan’tseehearorspeak.

Whileastronautsinspacegettodomanyexcitingthingstheymissoutonordinarythingsthatwealltakeforgranted—beingabletowalkonfirmgroundhangingoutwithfamilyanddiggingintoasliceofhotsteamingpizzA.Thoughnotmuchcanbedoneaboutthefirsttwothingstheremaysoonbeasolutiontothethirdonethankstothiscool3-Dpizzaprinter!AboutayearagoNASAoffered$125000toAnjanContractora3-DtechnologyexperttobuildadevicethatwouldallowastronautstomakepizzaondemanD.Themechanicalengineerpromisedthathisinventionwouldproducepiesinlargequantitiesthatlookedtastedandevensmelledlikepizzamadeincommonovens.Latelastyeartheengineerpresentedavideoofhisfirstprototype原型thatbeginsbycreatingasinglesliceofdough面团thatiscookedandprintedatthesametimE.Thencomesthetomatosauce—amixoftomatopowderoilandwaterandfinallyaproteinslicethatresemblescheesE.Whilethevideodoesn’tshowthebakingprocesstheinventorsaysthatoncethepizzaisprinteditcanbereadytobeconsumed消耗in7seconds.WhilethepieinthevideolooksdeliciousenoughtoattractanypizzaloverAnjanContractorisfarfromreadyforastronauts.That’sbecausehestillhastofindasolutiontomakethefoodcontainerintheprinterlastfor30years.Thoughthatmaysoundunrealisticactuallyitisnot.AnjanContractorbelievesthattheonlywaythatispossibleisthatthewaterisremovedfromalltheingredientsandthentheyarereducedtothepowderform.Thisasyoucanimaginewillnotbesoeasy.Butwhiletheprintermaynotbereadyforspaceitcertainlylooksreadyenoughforpeopleonearth.HopefullyNASAandContractorwillconsidersellingittothosenotfortunateenoughtogotoMars!24.Whydoestheauthormentionthethingsthatastronautsinspacecannotdo?A.ToaskusnottotakecommonthingsforgranteD.B.ToshowtheyliveadifficultlifetherE.C.ToshowtheirlifeisboringinspacE.D.Tointroducethetopicofthetext.25.NASAoffered$125000toAnjanContractormainlyto________.ziyuanku.comA.createsomenewtypeof3-DprinterB.attractmorecompaniestoworkforNASAC.helpastronautsinspaceenjoyfreshpizzaonedayD.producepizzainlargequantitiestoearngreatprofits26.ThebiggestchallengethatAnjanContractorisfacedwithnowisprobablythat________.A.hehasnomoneylefttogoonwithhisresearchB.thepizzadoesn’tseemappetizingtopizzaloversC.hehasnowaytomakepizzathatcanlastforthirtyyearsD.hecannotmakethefoodcontainerlastfordecades27.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.NASAistryingitsbesttohelpastronautseatbetterB.AstronautsmaysoonbeabletoenjoysteaminghotpizzaC.NASAisworkingonmakingpizzaforcommonpeopleD.A.3-Dpizzaprinterhasbeenusedtomakepizza

Whydomendieearlierthanwomen?Thelatestresearchmakesitknownthatthereasoncouldbethatmen’sheartsgointorapiddecline衰退whentheyreachmiddleagE.Thelargeststudyoftheeffectsofageingonthehearthasfoundthatwomen’slongevitymaybelinkedtothefactthattheirheartshardlylosetheirpumpingpower供血动力withagE.Wehavefoundthatthepowerofthemaleheartfallsby20---25percentbetween18and70yearsofagesaidtheheadofthestudyDavidGoldspinkofLiverpoolJohnMooresUniversityintheUK.Withinthehearttherearemillionsofcells细胞thatenableittobeat.Betweentheageof20and70one-thirdofthosecellsdieandarenotreplacedinmensaidGoldspink.Thisispartoftheageingprocess衰老过程.Whatsurprisesscientistsisthatthefemaleheartseesverylittleloss损失ofthesecells.A.healthy70-year-oldwoman’sheartcouldperformalmostaswellasa20-year-oldone’s.Thisgender性别differencemightjustexplainwhywomenlivelongerthanmensaidGoldspink.Theystudiedmorethan250healthymenandwomenbetweentheagesof18and80concentratingonhealthypersonstoremovetheconfusinginfluenceofdiseasE.TheteamwillhavetofindwhyageingtakesagreaterlossonthemaleheartsaidGoldspink.ThegoodnewsisthatmencanimprovethehealthoftheirheartwithregularexercisE.Goldspinkstressed强调thatwomenalsoneedregularexercisetopreventtheirlegmuscles肌肉becomingsmallerandweakerastheyagE.29.Theunderlinedwordlongevityinthesecondparagraphprobablyrefersto_________.A.longlifeB.healthC.effectD.ageing30.AccordingtothetexttheUKscientistshaveknownthat_________.A.thefemaleheartlosesfewofthecellswithageB.womencanreplacethecellsthatenablethehearttobeatC.womenhavemorecellsthanmenwhentheyarebornD.womenneverlosetheirpumpingpowerwithage31.Wecanknowfromthepassagethat_______.A.thereasonwhyageingtakesagreaterlossonthemalehearthasbeenfoundoutB.theteamhasdonesomethingtopreventthemalefromsufferingthegreaterlossC.womenover70couldlosemoreheartcellsthanthoseattheageof20D.scientistsareonthewaytofindingoutwhythemaleheartlosesmoreofthecells

TherehavealwaysbeenalotofcommonlybelievedbutfalseideasaboutbeingfatanddoingexercisE.Somepeoplebelievethattheycan’thelpputtingonweightastheygetolderwhileothersholdthatiftheystopexercisingtheirmuscleswillturnintofat.Herearesomemoremyths:I’llneverloseweight---IcomefromafatfamilyWrong!Whilewecan’tchangethebodytypewearebornwithwecan’tblameourgenesformakingusfat.There’splentyofevidencethatfatnessrunsinfamiliesandthemainreasonisthattheysharethesamehabitsofeatingtoomuchandexercisetoolittlE.IamfatbecauseIburncaloriesslowlyWrong!Fatnessisnotcausedbyaslowmetabolism新陈代谢.Iffactalthoughfatpeopleconsumemoreenergythatslimpeopletheyalsofailtorealizehowmuchtheyeat!Keepingadiarycanhelpyouworkoutyourdailyfoodintakemoreaccurately.ExerciseisboringWrong!Anythingwillbecomeboringifyoudoitrepetitively.Thekeyistodevelopabalancedandvariedprogramthat’sfunaswellasprogressivE.IfyouenjoyaSundaywalktakeadifferentroutE.IfyoudoYogatryataichiclass.IfyoulikeswimmingsetyourselfadistanceortimechallengE.NopainnogainWrong!Exerciseisnotmeanttohurt.Indeedpainisyourbodytellingyousomething’swrongandcontinuingtoexercisecouldleadtoseriousinjury.Youmayexperiencemilddiscomfortasyoubegintoexerciseregularlybutthisyourbodyadaptingtothepositivechangesinyourlifestyleandtheachesshoulddisappearrelativelyquickly.Ifyoudon’trestandseekmedicaladvicE.12.Whatdoestheauthorthinkaboutbeingfat?A.Itisthefamilygenesthatmakepeoplefat.B.Peoplearefatbecausetheyconsumetoolittleenergy.C.A.diaryofexercisecanpreventpeoplefrombecomingfat.D.Itistheconsequenceofpeople’sunbalancedlifestylE.13.Accordingtotheauthorhowcanwemakeexercisemoreinteresting?A.BytakingvariedexercisE.B.BychoosingsimpleexercisE.C.BydoingregularexercisE.D.BystickingtooutdoorexercisE.14.Whatistheauthor’sopinionaboutNopainnogaininexercising?A.KeepingfitisessentiallyapainfulexperiencE.B.Exerciseshouldbestoppedifcontinuouspainisfelt.C.Paininexerciseisapreconditionforreachingyourgoal.D.Gettingusedtopainleadstopositivechangesinyourbody.15.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Todeclaretheimportanceofkeepingfit.B.ToclarifysomemisconceptionsaboutfatnessandexercisE.C.Toconfirmwhathaslongbeenbelievedaboutkeepingfit.D.ToexplainsomemedicalfactsaboutbeingfatanddoingexercisE.

Runnerswhoencountervisualandauditory听觉的distractions分心maybemorelikelytosufferleginjuriesaccordingtoaresearchbytheAssociationofAcademicPhysiatristsinLasVegas.RunnersoftenseekdistractionsfromthetaskathanD.Whetheritismusictextingdaydreamingtakinginthesightsorproppingabookuponthetreadmill跑步机moreoftenthannotadistractioniswelcomE.ButresearchersfromtheUniversityofFloridahaverecentlydiscoveredthatthosedistractionsmayleadtoinjury.DanielHermanMDPhDassistantprofessoratUniversityofFloridaandhisteamconductedaresearchontheeffectofvisualandauditorydistractionson14runnerstodeterminewhateffectifanythesedistractionswouldhaveonthingssuchasheartratehowmucharunnerbreathesperminutehowmuchoxygenisconsumedbythebodythespeedinwhichrunnersapplyforcetotheirbodiesandtheforcethegroundappliestotherunners’bodieswhentheycomeincontactwithit.Therunnerswereallinjuryfreeatthetimeofthestudyandran31mileseachweek.Dr.Herman’steamhadeachparticipantrunonatreadmillthreeseparatetimes.Thefirsttimewaswithoutanydistractions.Thesecondtimeaddedavisualdistractionduringwhichtherunnersconcentratedonascreendisplayingdifferentlettersindifferentcolorswiththerunnershavingtonotewhenaspecificletter-colorcombinationappeareD.ThethirdtimeaddedanauditorydistractionsimilartothevisualdistractionwiththerunnershavingtonotewhenaparticularwordwasspokenbyaparticularvoicE.Whencomparedtorunningwithoutdistractionstheparticipantshadfasterapplicationofforcetotheirleftandrightlegscalledloadingratewithauditoryandvisualdistractions.Theyalsoexperiencedanincreasedamountofforcefromthegroundonbothlegscalledgroundreactionforcewithauditorydistractions.Finallytherunnerstendedtobreatheheavierandhavehigherheartrateswithvisualandauditorydistractionsthanwithoutanydistractionsatall.RunninginenvironmentswithdifferentdistractionsmayunfavorablyaffectrunningperformanceandinjuryriskexplainsDr.Herman.Sometimesthesethingscannotbeavoidedbutyoumaybeabletominimizepotentiallycumulative累积的effects.Forexamplewhenrunninganewrouteinanoisyenvironmentsuchasduringadestinationmarathonyoumaywanttoskiplisteningtosomethingwhichmayrequiremoreattention—likeanewsongplaylist.Dr.Herman’steamwillcontinuetoinvestigatethepotentialrelationshipbetweendistractedrunningandleginjuriesandanyeffectthisrelationshiphasondifferenttrainingtechniquesthatuseauditoryorvisualcues.32.Paragraph2tellsustheresearch______.A.processB.resultsC.questionsD.reflection33.Basedontheresearchrunnerswithauditorydistractionstendedto______.A.breatheheavierandhavelowerheartratesB.getanincreasedamountofgroundreactionforceC.applymoreforcewithlessoxygenconsumptionD.gainafasterspeedwithslowerloadingrates34.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Runningwithdistractionsbecomesuncommonnowadays.B.ListeningtoanewsongwhilerunningguaranteesperformancE.C.Runnersaremorelikelytogetinjuredinanenvironmentwithoutdistractions.D.Runnersareadvisedtominimizedistractionsinadestinationmarathon.35.WhatisprobablythenexttaskforDr.Herman’steam?A.Whatdeterminestrainingtechniques.B.Howdistractionsshouldbeusedintraining.C.Whyrunnersuseauditoryandvisualcues.D.Whateffectivewayscancureleginjuries.

AftertheexaminationthedoctortoldmyparentsmysightwouldgetworseandthatIwouldlosemysightfinally.OnthewayhomefromhospitalnoonesaidaworD.OnedaywouldIonlyimaginethescenerybeyondtheglassratherthanseeit?ThatSeptemberIenteredmiddleschool.MostnightsIhadhomeworkthatincludedanarmfulofbookstoreaD.TokeepupwithotherchildrenItookgreattroubletofinishthetask.WithmynoseacoupleofinchesfromthepageIwastiredeasily.What’sworseafterIhadreadseveralpagesonmyownthewordsslippedoffthepageintoinkypools.HoweverthenIdidnothaveaudiobooksandelectronicdeviceslikekidsdonow.InsteadMomvolunteeredtoreadoutlouD.Momworkedpart-timecleanedthehousecookedandspenttimewithGrandmA.Inspiteofbeingsobusysheshowedupinmyroomlikeclockwork.Sheputonherreadingglasses.MomalwaysthoughtthoseglassesmadeherlookolD.Tomeshelookedlikeateacher.InmyroomMom’svoiceracedwiththetickingoftheclock.BeingforcedtofocusonlisteningIfoundawaytokeepmymarksupandcompetewiththeotherkids.WhentheteacheraskedaquestionIraisedmyhandwithconfidencE.Teacherspraisedmeforhavingagoodmemory.Readingremovedmyfearformyfailingsightreadingalsomademecuriousaboutotherpeople’schallengesandhowtheymanageD.ThoughIcouldnotusemyeyestofixoneachpassagemymindlitupwitheverynewbook.TruetowhatthedoctorsaidtheworstcamebutthankstoMommysenseofhearingnowallowsmetosee.ThiswasthemostpreciousgiftfromamothertoherchilD.【小题1】Whydidtheauthorandhisparentskeepsilentontheirwaybackhomefromhospital?A.Theyallwantedtohaveagoodrest.B.Theauthordidn’tdowellintheexam.C.WhatthedoctorsaidmadethemworrieD.D.TheyfocusedonthesceneryalongtheroaD.【小题2】Howdidtheauthormanagetogethighmarks?A.Bybeingconfident.B.Bylisteningcarefully.C.Bygettinghelpfromhisclassmates.D.ByreadingasmanybooksaspossiblE.【小题3】Wecanlearnfromthetextthat____________.A.theauthor’ssightrecoveredfinallyB.readingmadetheauthormoresensitiveC.theauthor’smotherdidn’tworktolookafterhimD.readingmadetheauthornotworryabouthissight【小题4】Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleofthetext?A.MyeyesighttroubleB.AnunforgettableexperienceC.WithearswideopenD.AboutMother’slove

Drinkingmorethantwoalcoholicdrinksdailyinmiddle-agemayraiseyourstrokeriskmorethantraditionalfactorssuchashighbloodpressureanddiabetesaccordingtonewresearchintheAmericanHeartAssociationjournalStrokE.Inastudyof11644middle-agedSwedishtwinswhowerefollowedfor43yearsresearcherscomparedtheeffectsofanaverageofmorethantwodrinksdailyheavydrinkingtolessthanhalfadrinkdailylightdrinking.Thestudyshowedthat:·Heavydrinkershadabouta34percenthigherriskofstrokecomparedtolightdrinkers.·Mid-lifeheavydrinkersintheir50sand60swerelikelytohaveastrokefiveyearsearlierinlifeirrespectiveofgeneticandearly-lifefactors.·Heavydrinkershadincreasedstrokeriskintheirmid-lifecomparedtowell-knownriskfactorslikehighbloodpressureanddiabetes.·Ataroundage75bloodpressureanddiabetesappearedtotakeoverasoneofthemaininfluencesonhavingastrokE.PaststudieshaveshownthatalcoholaffectsstrokeriskbutthisisthefirststudytopinpointdifferenceswithagE.Wenowhaveaclearerpictureabouttheseriskfactors----howtheychangewithageandhowtheinfluenceofdrinkingalcoholshiftsaswegetoldersaidPavlaKadlecováM.SC.astatisticianatSt.Anne'sUniversityHospital'sInternationalClinicalResearchCenterintheCzechRepubliC.ResearchersanalyzedresultsfromtheSwedishTwinRegistryofsame-sextwinswhoansweredquestionnairesin1967-1970.Alltwinswereunderage60atthestart.By2010theRegistryhadprovided43yearsoffollow-upincludinghospitaldischarge出院andcauseofdeathdatA.Researchersthensorted整理thedatabasedonstrokeshighbloodpressurediabetesandothercardiovascular心血管incidents.Almost30percentofparticipantshadastrokE.Theywerecategorizedaslightmoderateheavyornon-drinkersbasedonthequestionnaires.Researcherscomparedtheriskfromdrinkingandhealthriskslikehighbloodpressurediabetesandsmoking.Amongidenticaltwinpairssiblings兄弟姐妹whohadastrokedrankmorethantheirsiblingswhohadn'thadastrokesuggestingthatmid-lifedrinkingraisesstrokerisksregardlessofgeneticsandearlylifestylE.Thestudyisconsistent一致withtheAmericanHeartAssociation'srecommendedlimitoftwodrinksadayformenandoneforwomen.That'sabout8ouncesofwineforamanand4ouncesforawoman.Regularheavydrinkingofanykindofalcoholcanraisebloodpressureandcauseheartfailureorirregularheartbeatsovertimeinadditiontostrokeandotherrisks.Formid-agedadultsavoidingmorethantwodrinksadaycouldbeawaytopreventstrokeinlaterproductiveageKadlecovásaiD.67.Whomightbethetargetreadersofthepassage?A.PeoplewhohavesufferedastrokeB.PeoplewhohavetwinsiblingsC.PeoplewhohavehighbloodpressureD.Peoplewholikedrinking68.Whatdoweknowaboutthestudyinthepassage?A.ItrevealedfiverelatedresultsB.Itlastedforaperiodofover50yearsC.ItinvolvedtheagefactorinthecausesofstrokesD.Itincluded11644Australiantwinsasparticipants69.Theunderlinedpartirrespectiveofinthepassagecanbestbereplacedby_________.A.infavorofB.intermsofC.regardlessofD.insteadof70.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A.ThereisahigherpossibilitythatheavydrinkerswillhaveastrokeinmiddleageB.PeoplewithoutastrokecandrinkmorealcoholthanthosehavingastrokeinmiddleageC.DrinkingalcoholhasbeenregardedasthemostdangerousfactorinstrokesD.Theamountofalcoholtakenbymenshouldbetwicethanthattakenbywomen.

Somepeoplearepessimistic悲观的whentheythinkaboutthefuturE.Theysaythatahundredyearsfromnowwewillhaveusedmostoftheearth'sresources.Wewillhavepollutedourseasbadlyandbeunabletoeatfishfromthem.Wewillhavemadetheairsodirtythatwewillneedtowearmasks.Theworld'spopulationwillhavedoubledandwewillhaveusedallthecountrysideforhousing;therewillbenofarmlandleft.OtherpeoplebelievethatManadaptsveryeasily.TheyhaveadifferentideaofthefuturE.Howintheirviewswillpeoplebelivinginahundredyears'time?OnearchitectbelievesthatManwillmoveoffthelanD.Hesuggeststhatthecityofthefuturewillbeahugepyramid­shapedbuildingwhichwillbefloatingonthesurfaceoftheseA.About5000familieswillbelivingthereandthebuildingwillcontainshopsandschoolsaswellashomes.Bylivingontheseawewillgivethefarmersmorelandtogrowcrops.Asforoilpeoplewillnolongerneedit:wewillbeheatingourhomeswithpowerfromthesun.Andwewillnotbeshortofmineralsbecausethereareplentyunderouroceans.Atthemomentwedonothavethetechnologytogetthemout.Butinahundredyears'timetheoptimistssaythenewseacitieswillbeusingtheseresources.Whatwillbeintheshopsintheyear3000?Whatwillpeoplebewearing?Howwillpeoplebetraveling?Scientistswhomakepredictionsaboutthefuturesuggestthatbytheyear3000shopswillnolongerexist.Computerswillhavereplacesthem;andpeoplewillordergoodsfromhomE.Peoplewillbewearingverylightthinclothes.Bythistimescientistswillhaveinventedafabricthatkeepsuscoolinhotweatherandwarmincoldweather.Asfortraveltheexpertssaythatmostpeoplewillbeusingpublictransport.Electriccarswillbetravelingthroughthestreetsdayandnight.Anybodywillbeabletostoponeanduseit.AninterestingpicturE.UnfortunatelywewillnotbetheretoseeifthesepredictionscometruE.29.Pessimistsbelievethatinthefuture________.A.theseasandoceanswillbefullofhousesB.we'llhaveusedupalltheresourcesC.wewillnothaveenoughfishtoeatfromtheseasD.wewillhavepollutedtheairsobadlythatitwillbeimpossibleforustobreathe30.Optimistssuggestthat________.A.allthelandwillbetoopollutedtobecroppedonB.pyramidswillbethemostcommonly­usedhousesC.peoplewillbeusingthepowerfromthesuninsteadofoilD.wewillbeshortofmaterialseventhoughwegetthemfromundertheoceans31.ScientistshavemadethepredictionsEXCEPT________.A.electriccarswillbegoingalongthestreetscontinuouslyB.theresourcesundertheoceanswillneverbeusedupC.peoplewillorderfromhomeD.peoplewon'tsufferfromcoldanylonger

Nuclearpower's核能的dangertohealthsafetyandevenlifeitselfcanbedescribedinoneword;radiation辐射.Nuclearradiationhasacertainmysteryaboutitpartlybecauseitcannotbedetected探测byhumansenses.Itcan'tbeseenorheardortouchedortastedeventhoughitmaybeallaroundus.Thereareotherthingslikethat.Forexampleradiowavesareallaroundusbutwecan'tdetectthemsensethemwithoutaradioreceiver.Similarlywecan'tsenseradioactivitywithoutaradiationdetector.Butunlikecommonradiowavesnuclearradiationisnotharmlesstohumanbeingsandotherlivingthings.Atveryhighlevelsradiationcankillananimalorhumanbeingoutrightbykillingmassesofcells细胞inimportantorgans器官.ButeventhelowestlevelscandoseriousdamagE.ThereisnolevelofradiationthatiscompletelysafE.Iftheradiationdoesnothitanythingimportantthedamagemaynotbesignificant.Thisisthecasewhenonlyafewcellsarehitandiftheyarekilledoutright.Yourbodywillreplacethedeadcellswithhealthyones.ButifthefewcellsareonlydamagedandiftheyreproducethemselvesyoumaybeintroublE.Theyreproducethemselvesinanunusualway.Theycangrowintocancer.Sometimesthisdoesnotshowupformanyyears.Thisisanotherreasonforsomeofthemysteryaboutnuclearradiation.SeriousdamagecanbedonewithouttheknowledgeofthepersonatthetimethatdamagehasoccurreD.A.personcanbeirradiated放射治疗andfeelfinethendieofcancerfivetenortwentyyearslaterasaresult.Orachildcanbebornweakoreasytogetseriousillnessasaresultofradiationabsorbedbyitsgrandparents.Radiationcanhurtus.Wemustknowthetruth.21.Accordingtothepassagethedangerofnuclearpowerliesin__________.A.nuclearmysteryB.radiationdetectionC.radiationlevelD.nuclearradiation22.Radiationcanleadtoseriousresultsevenatthelowestlevel________.A.whenitkillsfewcellsB.ifitdamagesfewcellsC.thoughthedamagedcellscanrepairthemselvesD.unlessthedamagedcellscanreproducethemselves23.Radiationcanhurtusinthewaythatitcan_____.A.killlargenumbersofcellsinmainorganssoastocausedeathimmediatelyB.damagecellswhichmaygrowintocanceryearslaterC.affectthehealthygrowthofouryoungergenerationD.leadtoalloftheaboveresults24.Whichofthefollowingcanbebestinferredfromthepassage?A.Theimportanceofprotectionfromradiationcannotbeoveremphasized过分强调.B.ThemysteryaboutradiationremainsunsolveD.C.Cancerismainlycausedbyradiation.D.Radiationcanhurtthosewhodonotknowaboutitsdanger.

Anewstudyshowsstudentswhowritenotesbyhandduringlecturesperformbetteronexamsthanthosewhouselaptops.Studentsareincreasinglyusinglaptopsfornote-takingbecauseofspeedandlegibility清晰度.Buttheresearchhasfoundlaptopusersarelessabletorememberandapplytheconceptstheyhavebeentaught.ResearchersperformedexperimentsthataimedtofindoutwhetherusingalaptopincreasedthetendencytomakenotesmindlesslybytalkingdownwordwhichtheprofessorssaiD.Inthefirstexperimentstudentsweregiveneitheralaptoporpenandpaper.Theylistenedtothesamelecturesandweretoldtousetheirusualnote-takingskills.Thirtyminutesafterthetalktheywereexaminedontheirabilitytorememberfactsandonhowwelltheyunderstoodconcepts.TheresearchersfoundthatlaptopuserstooktwiceasmanynotesasthosewhowrotebyhanD.Howeverthetypistsperformedworseatrememberingandapplyingtheconcepts.Bothgroupsscoredsimilarlywhenitcametomemorizingfacts.Theresearchers'reportsaidWhilemorenotesarebeneficialifthenotesaretakenmindlesslyasismorelikelythecaseonalaptopthebenefitdisappears.Inanotherexperimentaimedattestinglong-termmemorystudentstooknotesasbeforebutweretestedaweekafterthelecturE.Thistimethestudentswhowrotenotesbyhandperformedsignificantlybetterontheexam.ThesetwoexperimentssuggestthathandwrittennotesarenotonlybetterforimmediatelearningandunderstandingbutthattheyalsoleadtosuperiorrevisioninthefuturE.28.Moreandmorestudentsfavorlaptopsfornote-takingbecausetheycan______.A.writemorenotesB.digestconceptsbetterC.gethigherscoresD.understandlecturebetter29.Whiletakingnoteslaptopuserstendtobe______.A.skillfulB.tirelessC.thoughtfulD.mindless30.Theauthorofthepassageaimsto______.A.examinetheimportanceoflong-termmemoryB.stressthebenefitoftakingnotesbyhandC.explaintheprocessoftakingnotesD.promotetheuseoflaptops31.Thepassageislikelytoappearin_______.A.afinancereportB.acomputertextbookC.asciencemagazineD.anewspaperadvertisement

ImagineclearingleavesonChristmasorsweeponMemorialDay.WhataboutgoingforaswimonThanksgiving?WithoutLeapDay闰日whichtakesplaceeveryfouryearsitcouldhappen.Ourcalendar日历isnormally365dayslong.Itwascreatedtomatchthecyclesoftheseasons.ButRomanDictatorJuliusCaesarnoticedaproblem:theEarthdoesn’tcirclethesuninexactly365days.Itactuallytakes365andone-quarterdays.HefiguredoutthattheextrapartofadaywouldcausethecalendartogrowapartfromtheseasonsovertimE.Over100yearstheseasonswouldshiftabout24days.SpringwouldstartonApril13insteadofMarch20.Caesarusedmathtofigureoutawaytostopthecalendarfromshifting.HedecidedtoaddanextradaytothemonthofFebruaryeveryfouryears.Hisideahelpedkeeptheseasonsandcalendarmatchedup.Evensoitstillwasn’tperfect—hiscalendarwasaddingtoomanydays.In1582PopeGregoryXIIIworkedonCaesar’sideA.HiscalendarcalledtheGregoriancalendardictatesthateveryyearevenlydividedby400isaleapyear.Thesecomplicatedequations方程式helpkeepthecalendarinbalancewiththeorbitoftheEarth.TodaywestillusetheGregoriancalendar.Inabout3000yearsthecalendarwillbeonlyonedayoutofstepwiththeseasons.It’sstillnotperfectbutmathematiciansdecideditwasascloseaswecouldget.SowhathappenswhensomeoneisbornonLeapDay?Dothesepeoplecelebratetheirbirthdayeachyearordotheyinsteadhavetowaitfouryearstoage?HowrareisaLeapDaybirthday?ThechanceofsomeonebeingbornonaLeapDayis1outof1461.BabiesbornonFebruary29aresometimesknownasleapers.HowwillyoucelebrateLeapDay?28.WhatcouldhappenwithoutLeapDay?A.SpringwouldstartlaterthanMarch20B.Ourcalendaris365dayslongeveryyearC.A.daywouldbeleftovertothenextyearD.Seasonswouldstaythesameeveryyear29.Whichofthefollowingwillbealeapyear?A.2040B.2100C.2200D.240030.WestillusetheGregoriancalendarbecause_________.A.itisaperfectcalendarB.itisinbalancewiththeorbitoftheEarthC.itisaccuratetoshowthebirthdayofpeopleD.itisPopeGregoryXIIIthatcreatedthecalendar31.A.LeapDaybirthdayismentionedinthelastparagraphtoshow_______.A.thefunofLeapDayB.theusesofLeapDayC.therarenessofLeapDayD.theoriginofLeapDay

Itisreportedthatbagsaregettingbiggerallthetimeandthattherearemorebagsperpersononthestreettodaythanatanyothertimeinhistory.Ifthisistruepossibleexplanationscouldincludethewideuseofsmallelectricandelectronicgadgets装置areading-materialexplosionapopularinteresttowardtightorpocketlessclothingorcheapbagmakinglaboroverseas.Butmuchasnaturefindsways--suchasdisease--tocontroloverpopulationcitylifehasthrownupimpediments障碍tobagstoentermanypublicbuildingstheatresballparksandperhapsevenundergroundrailwaystationsyoumustgothroughasearchorgobagless.Thecityhascountlessbagrules.Itishardtokeepthemallstraightandyou'reneversurewhenleavinghomeforthedaywhetheritmightbeabadideatobringonealong.LastweektheNewYorkPublicLibrarygotinthegamE.StudentsresearcherswritershistoriansandanyoneelsewhohasgotusedovertheyearstotreatingthevastRoseMainReadingRoomasanofficeorareadingroomcameupagainstanewrulE.Youarenolongerallowedtobringabaglargerthaneleveninchesbyfourteeninchesintothelibrary.Ifyouwalkinwithoneyoumustleaveitatthecoatcheck.Youmaykeepitscontentswithyouhoweverandthelibraryprovidesbigclearplasticbagsforthem.Youreturnthemwhenyoucomebackforyourownbag.Whatthelibraryistryingtopreventinthiscaseispeopletakingthingsoutratherthanbringingthingsin.A.librariansaidontheseconddayIt'sabigchangeforpeoplewhousedcomeandbringinhalftheirflats.Thepeoplewhousethelibraryresponsiblywillcontinuetodoso.Thepeoplewhostealwillcontinuetogetawaywithitiftheyreallywantto.32.Whatdoesthewritermainlytalkabout?A.Thehistoryofthebagrules.B.Theimportanceofusinglibraries.C.DifferentbagsusedinourdailylifE.D.Theuseofbagsandtherulesagainstit.33.Thebagrulesinmanypublicbuildingsrequirepeopleto________A.leavetheplacesbaglessB.payforbringinginbagsC.havetheirbagsexaminedD.usebigclearplasticbags34.WhatisthepurposeofthenewruleattheNewYorkPublicLibrary?A.tochangepeople'swayofreading.B.tohelppeoplebetterusethelibrary.C.topreventpeoplestealingfromthelibrary.D.tostoppeoplefrombringingindangerousthings.35.Howistheeffectofthenewruleaccordingtothelibrarian?A.Excellent.B.LimiteD.C.Harmful.D.Unclear.

MyfriendJennieCrossengaveherbonemarrow骨髓toa51-year-oldwomanwithleukemiaawomanshehasnevermet.AttheendofMarchtheRedCrosscalledback.Sixdifferentbloodelementsweretested;Jenniematchedfivecompletelyandwasabouta3/4matchofthesixth.Soshewasthebestmatch.InAprilJenniewentforacompletephysicalexambyoneofthedoctorswhowouldperformthesurgery.Thedoctorhadtomakesurethatitwouldbenothreattoher.Thedoctortoldherthatthesurgerywouldentailhavingtwoquartsofbonemarrowextractedfromherhipbones.Jenniewouldprobablybereleasedthesamedaythesurgerytookplaceandshouldexpecttobesoreforacoupleofmonths.Ididn'tthinkitwasthatbigadealuntilIrealizedIwasamatchJenniesaidTherewasn'taquestioninmyheaD.Itdidn'tseemlikesomethingthatwasgoingaboveandbeyonD.Jenniewasleftwithtwoverysmallscarsonherlowerbackfromthesurgeryandwasgivenmedicationtohelpdullthepain.Shestillfeltagreatdealofpressureonherlowerback.Beingonly21IfeellikeIamnotoldenoughtosignificantlyimpactsomeone'slifeJenniesaidItseemsstrangetomethatIcouldpossiblysavethiswoman'slifewhichwasbeingcutshortbycancer.ThreeweeksafterthesurgeryJenniereceivedacallfromtheRedCrossrepresentativewhotoldherthetransplantwassuccessful.IfeelgoodandIthinkitwillactuallyworkforhershesaidSomanypeoplesaythey'donlydonateifitwasforafamilymemberorclosefrienD.Thiswomanissomeone'sfamilyandsomeone'sfrienD.Obviouslynoonesheknowsisamatchandthefactthatyou'dbeabletohelpaperfectstrangerisgreat.21.JennieCrossengaveherbonemarrowto.A.aclosefriendB.astrangerC.aclassmateD.arelative22.BeforeJennieCrossenknewshewasthebestmatchherfeelingcoulddescribedas.A.frightenedB.nervousC.calmD.Excited23.TheunderlinedwordimpactinParagraph5probablymeans.A.takepleasureinthebeautyB.devoteallone'slifetosomethingC.endthedangerouspracticeofsomethingD.haveanimportanteffectonsomething24.Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthispassage?A.A.GreatWomanB.ToSaveaStrangerC.MyGoodFriendD.Jennie'sLifeBlood

MostairlinesgoallouttoensuretheirpassengershavethebestpossibleflightexperiencE.NowEurope’slow-budgetairlineeasyJetwantstoextendthepositiveexperiencebeyondtheplaneridewithSneakairs一smartshoesthatallowvisitorstoexplorenewcitiesandtownswithouteverlookingatamap.TotransformSneakairsfromanordinaryshoetoatourguideallthewearerhastodoisenterhisorherdesireddestinationintotheeasyetsmartphoneapp.A.built-inGPSwilldeterminethewearer?sstartinglocationwhiletheGoogleMapsnavigation导航toolwillhelpchartthebestroutE.WheneverachangeofdirectionisnecessarytheappwillcommunicatewithdieappropriateshoeviatheBluetoothandcauseittovibrate振动.Forexamplefifthewearerneedstoturnrighthe/shewillfeelthesensationintherightshoE.Shouldtheusermisstheturnthesmartshoeswillbothvibrateatthesametimeremindinghim/hertochangecoursE.Visitorsthatwanderoffthesuggestedpathordecidetotakeabreakforacupofcoffeeoramealhavenothingtoworryabout.ThesmartappwillautomaticallydeterminethenewlocationandchartoutanewroutE.OncethedesireddestinationisreachedSneakairswillvibratethreetimestoinformtheuserofthearrivalandthengobacktobeingordinaryshoes—untiltheirnavigationservicesareneededagain!Sneakairsiscertainlynotthefirstnavigationshoeinthemarket.HowevereasyJetisthefirstairlinetoofferthemtopassengersjustastheyareabouttolandinanunknowncity.HoweverbeforeSneakairscangomainstreamtheeasyJetteamstillneedstomakesomeadjustments.Amongthechallengesthatneedtobeaddressedisthesmartshoe’sthree-hourbatterylifewhichishardlyenoughforatouristtocatchallthedelightsanewcityortownhasTooffer!33.WhatcanwelearnaboutSneakairsinthetext?A.ItssizE.B.ItspricE.C.Itsmaterial.D.Itsfunction34.WhatdoestheauthormainlytalkaboutinParagraph2?A.HowSneakairsworks.B.Howvisitorschooseroutes.C.Howusersavoidgettinglost.D.Whatusersshouldpayattentionto.33.WhatmighteasyJetdotoimproveitssmartshoes?A.Bringdowntheircost.B.Addmorefunctions.C.Developmoretypes.D.Makethebatterylastlonger.

ClimatechangewillincreaseUSwildfiresandthesmokyairwillcauseterribleproblemsinareasfarbeyondthoseburnedreportsanenvironmentalgroupThursday.Two-thirdsofAmericansornearly212millionlivedinstatessufferingfromwildfiresmokethreeyearsagoaccordingtothereportbytheNaturalResourcesDefenseCouncilNRDC.Theseareaswhichhadsmokeforatleastaweekwerenearly50timesgreaterthanthoseburneddirectlybyfirE.ItaffectsamuchwideareaoftheUnitedStatesthanpeoplehaverealizeD.saysauthorKimKnowltonaColumbiaUniversityhealthprofessoraddingthesmokecanmoveuptohundredsofmiles.Shesaysthesmokecontainsairpollutionandcancauseseveralkindsofdiseases.Texaswashithardestin2011whensmokestayedforatleastaweekinareasthatarehometo25millionpeopleaccordingtoNRDC’sreport.Illinoiswhichrecordednowildfireswithinitsborderscamesecondwithnearly12millionpeopleaffectedbysmokethatmovedinfromelsewherE.Theothereightstateswiththemostpeopleintouchwithsmokyairwereindescendingorder:FloridaMissouriGeorgiaLouisianaMichiganAlabamaOklahomaandIowA.Nearlytwodozenstateshadnowildfireswithintheirbordersin2011buteightofthemstillhadatleastoneweekofsmokyair:IllinoisMissouriIowaKansasNebraskaIndianaWisconsinandOhio.Only18statesandtheDistrictofColumbiahadnopeopleintouchwithatleastaweekofsmokethatyearalthoughfiveofthem—AlaskaCaliforniaHawaiiNevadaandUtah—hadalargeareaburnedbywildfires.TheproblemwillonlygetworsE.Knowltonsays.Scientificresearchshowsclimateiscausinghighertemperaturesandhealthproblems.32.Wecanlearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphsthat_______.A.climatechangekilledmanyAmericansB.therearefewerstatesburnedbywildfiresC.everystatehadwildfiresmokeforatleastaweekD.mostAmericanssufferedfromwildfiresmoke3yearago33.Whichofthefollowingstateshadwildfireswithinitsbordersin2011?A.IowA.B.Kansas.C.Ohio.D.CaliforniA.34.Theunderlinedworddescendinginthefourthparagraphprobablymeans_______.A.goingdownB.comingtrueC.lookingpracticalD.turningback35.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Climatechangecausesmorewildfires.B.Wildfiresmokebecomesaserioushealthproblem.C.Morewildfirescauseclimatechanges.D.Airpollutionbecomesaterribleproblem.

ResearcherssaytheEarthhadmuchmoreoxygen氧气nearlyabillionyearsagothanscientificexpertsthought.Thatclaimcouldchangetheories理论abouthowlifedevelopedonourplanet.TheclaimcamefromresearchersatBrockUniversityinCanadA.TheywantedtomeasurethelevelsofoxygenintheEarth'satmospherenearlyabillionyearsago.Todothistheresearchersdevelopedawaytostudysmallairbubbles气泡trappedinancientsaltcrystals结晶晶体.Therewasalotofdebateastowhattheoxygencontentwas800millionormoreyearsagosaidNigelBlameyofBrockUniversity'sDepartmentofEarthSciences.Hesaidthetrappedgasesshowedthattheoxygenlevelwasabouthalfofwhatitistoday.Byanalyzing分析tinyairbubblesinhaliteresearchersdetermines查明测定确认ancientEarthhadmuchmoreoxygenthanpreviouslythought.Infactmanyexpertsbelievedthattheoxygenlevelwasonlyabouttwopercentoftheatmospheresolongago.Butthenewstudyfoundthatitwasalmost11percent.Currentlyoxygenisabout21percentoftheatmospherE.TheCanadianresearchersusedamethod方法tostudyairbubblestrappedinhalitethenaturalformoftablesalt.TheresearcherssaytheirfindingshavemajoreffectsfortheoriesabouthowandwhenlifedevelopeD.ProfessorofEarthSciencesUweBrandsaidthathigheroxygenlevelsinthepastmayturnbacktheclockwhencomplexlifedevelopeD.Nowpaleobiologists古生物学家willhavereasontogolookingforrockswithevidenceofthesefirstevolutionary进化的stepshetoldtheCanadianBroadcastingCorporation.28.ThewordclaiminParagraph1means_________inChinesE.A.说法B.建议C.目标D.目的29.Nowoxygenmakesupabout_______oftheatmospherE.A.9percent.B.10percent.C.11percent.D.21percent30.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisFalse?A.SomeresearcherswantedtomeasurethelevelsofoxygenintheEarth'satmospherenearlyabillionyearsago.B.Amongscientiststherewasalotofdebateastowhattheoxygencontentwas800millionormoreyearsago.C.InfactmanyexpertsbelievedthattheoxygenlevelwasonlyaboutelevenpercentoftheatmospheresolongagoD.TheresearcherssaytheirfindingshavemajoreffectsfortheoriesabouthowandwhenlifedevelopeD.31.Fromthearticleweknowthattheresearcherscamefrom____________.A.OxfordUniversityB.CambridgeUniversityC.PekingUniversityD.BrockUniversity

Computersareveryimportanttomodernlife.Manypeoplethinkthatinthefuturecomputerswillbeusedinlotsofeverydaylife.Itisthoughtthatwewon'thavetogoshoppingbecausewewillbeabletogetmostthingswhicharesoldinshopsontheInternet.Therewillbenomorebooksbecausewewillbeabletogetalltextsfromcomputers.TheInternetwillbeusedtoplaygamesseefilmsandbuyfood.Mosttelephonecallswillbemadebycomputerstoo.Somepeoplearegladaboutthosenewwaysofshoppingandcommunication交流.Othersdonotthinkthatcomputerswillreplace代替ouroldways.Somepeoplethinkthatonedaywewillnotreadbooksmadeofpaper.Insteadwewillbuyandreadbooksusingcomputerswhichwillkeepmanydifferentbooksinthematthesametime.Wewon'tneedtoturnlotsofpagesandpaperwillbesaved.Computerized计算机化的bookswillbeusedmoreandmore.Whilemanypeoplesayitisapleasuretogointoshopsandlookatthingsyouwanttobuy.Itisalsounlikelythatmanypeoplewillwanttoreadlargetextsonourcomputersbecausepaperbookswillperhapsbemorefriendly.Maybecomputerswon'tchangethesetwohabits.40.WhichisthemainideaofthispassageA.Peoplelikegoingshopping.B.Readingbooksisimportant.C.Computersareimportant.D.Computercanbeusedtoplaygames.41.Therewillbenomorebooksbecause.A.Thereisnopaperinthefuture.B.Peopledon'tlikereadingbooks.C.Theyareveryexpensive.D.Wecanreadpassagesfromcomputers.42.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEA.Wecanseefilmsbycomputers.B.Peopleallliketogoshoppingbycomputers.C.Wecan'tbuyanythingusingcomputers.D.Allthepeoplelikereadingbooksfromcomputers.43.Whichofthefollowingismentioned提到inthepassageA.Computerscanhelpuse﹣mailourfriends.B.Wecanchatbyusingcomputers.C.Computerscanhelpusmaketelephonecalls.D.Wecanlistentothemusicbycomputers.

ChristianEijkmanaDutchdoctorlefttheNetherlandsfortheislandofJavA.Manypeopleontheislandhadadisease疾病calledberi-beri.HewasgoingtheretotryandfindacurE.AtfirstEijkmanthoughtsomekindofgerm细菌causedberi-beri.Heraisedsomechickens.Hedidn'teatthembutmadeexperimentsonthem.Thelocalpeoplewerequitesurprisedatthat.OnedayhenoticedthathischickensbecamesickwhentheywerefedthefoodmostJavaneseate-refinedwhiterice精炼米.WhenhefedthemwithunrefinedricealsoknownasbrownricetheyrecovereD.Eijkmanrealizedthathehadmadeanimportantdiscovery-thatsomethingsinfoodcouldpreventdiseasE.Thesethingswerenamedvitamins维生素.TheJavanesewerenotgettingenoughvitaminsbecausetheyhadactuallyremovedthepartthatcontainsvitamins.Laterotherdiseaseswerealsofoundtobecausedbythelackofvitaminsinaperson'sfooD.Todaymanypeopleknowtheimportanceofvitaminsandtheymakesuretheyhaveenoughvitaminsfromthefoodtheyeat.Iftheydon'ttheycanalsotakevitaminpills.25.TheunderlinedwordcureinParagragh1probablymeans______.A.amedicaltreatmentB.akindofvitaminC.akindofgermD.akindofrice26.ChristianEijkmanwenttotheislandofJavato______.A.spendhisholidayB.findwaystogrowbettercropsC.dosomeresearchabouttheislandD.helptheJavanesewiththeirillness27.WhydidChristianEijkmanraisesomechickens?A.Toeatthem.B.Tocarryouthisexperiments.C.TogivetheJavaneseasurprisE.D.Tomakemoneybysellingthem.28.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat______.A.beri-beriwascausedbychickensB.theJavanesedidn'tlikevitaminsC.ChristianEijkman'sexperimentwassuccessfulD.theJavanese'sdiseasewascausedbyakindofgerm

Therearesomanydifferentplasticcardsthatadultshavetocarryaround—librarycardssavingscardsfordifferentbankscreditcardsjusttonameafew...Sowhynothaveonetoreplacethemall?ScottBarnhillan1l-year-oldfifth-gradestudentintheUShascomeupwithanideaforaSecurityOneCard.Soundsmart?TheUSPatent专利OfficethoughtsoanditapprovedapatentforhisideainApril.Barnhillhasalotofhobbiesincludingdesigningwebsites.Hegottheideaattheageofninewhenhesawhisfatherusingakeycardtoentertheirhotelroom.HethoughtThehotelsarewastingmoneywiththekeycards.Soinsteadofusingahotel-issuedkeycardguestscouldusetheircreditcards—onlyifthehoteladdedaspecialmagneticstrip.Atcheck-outthestripwouldsimplyberemoveD.Nowthathehashispatenthisnextstepisaletter-writingcampaigntogetsupportfrommajorcreditcardcompanies.I’mgoingtobewritingletterstocreditcardcompaniestoaskiftheycanco-operatE.Ihopethey’llgivememoneyeverytimesomeoneputsastriponthebackofanothercardoreverytimetheideaisusedBarnhillsaiD.I’llwritethelettersandseewhattheysay.IftheysaynoI’llasksomeoneelseanothercreditcardcompany.Heishopingtomakemoneyfromhispatentandhasdecideditwouldbebettertocollectroyalties专利使用费iftheideatakesoffratherthansellhispatent.TheATMpersonwhoinventedthatsoldittotallyandifhe’dchosenroyaltieshe’dgetlike2centsforeverytransaction交易andhe’dbeabillionairenow.ScottsaiD.33.TheadvantageofSecurityOneCardisthatit___________.A.couldavoidtakingmanycardsB.wouldbeverysafetocarryaboutC.couldsaveyou’realotofmoneyD.couldhavealotofmagneticstripsonit34.TheimmediatecauseofScott’sinventionwasthat___________.A.hefoundthatadultshavetocarryaroundsomanyplasticcardsB.hefoundevenahotelissueditsowncards—keycardsC.herealizedit’sabigwastetomakesomanyplasticcardsD.herealizeditwouldbeagoodchancetomakebigmoney35.FromthestorywecanseeScottis___________.A.verywealthyB.cleverbutlazyC.creativeanddeterminedD.outdated

Scientistsaremakingnewstudiesofcoloranditseffectsonourhealth.Theyhaveknownforalongtimethatthecolorofaroomorthecolorofthelightinitcanaffectourfeelingsandemotions.Manyprisonsandhospitalshaveatleastoneroomthatispaintedpink.Officialshavefoundthatlightandcolorcanproducephysicalchangesinourbodies.ProfessorFalfanworkedwithagroupof9disabledchildrenatschoolinAlbert.TwoofthechildrenwereblinD.Theothersevenhadnormalsight.ThescientistschangedthecoloroftheschoolroomandthenlookedforchangesinbloodpressureheartbeatandbreathingratE.Theeffectsofcolorchangeswerethesamefortheblindchildrenasforthosewithnormalsight.Theirbloodpressuredroppedfromabout120to100.Similarchangeswerereportedinheart-beatandthebreathing.ThechildrenwerealsocalmerandlessexciteD.ThenthecolorsoftheroomwerereturnedtoorangeandwhitE.Bloodpressureheart-beatandbreathingratewentupandthechildrenbecameexcitedagain.ProfessorFalfansaiddifferentcolorsproducedifferentlevelsoflightenergy.HesaidthedifferencesseemtoaffectchemicalsinthebrainthatcarrymessagesfromnervetonerveandfromnervetomusclE.11.Lightandcolorcanaffect________.A.onlyone’sfeelingsandemotionsB.one’senergyC.one’smentalchangesD.one’sheart-beatbrainactivitiesbloodpressurefeelingsandemotions12.Thecolorofpinkhadacalmingeffectthatistosaythecoloraffects________.A.thechemicalsinthebrainB.theeyesC.theskinD.themuscle13.Accordingtothetextorangeandwhitearecolorswhichcanmakepeople________.A.calmB.activeC.sickD.blind14.Thecolorsintheschoolroommentionedinthepassagewerechangedfrom________.A.orangetowhiteB.orangetodarkblueC.orangeandwhitetopinkorsomeothercolorsD.graytomorecolors

ResearchersatStanfordUniversityhavedevelopedanewmaterialthatcanmoveheatoutofbuildingsandintospacE.Theresearcherssaythematerialcancoolbuildingsevenonhotdays.Thecoolingmaterialisaverythinsheetwithmanylayersthatcouldbeplacedonarooflikesolarpanels板.Howeverinsteadofturningsunlightintoenergyassolarpanelsdothematerialturnsheatintoradiation.ShanhuiFanisanelectricalengineeringprofessoratStanfordUniversity.HesaysthatthepanelshavealayerofmaterialthatislikesanD.Thepanelsactlikeamirror.Theytakeheatoutofbuildingsandreflectthelightfromthesun.Andhesaysboththeheatandsunlightaresent100kilometersintoouterspacE.It'sastructure构造thatcoolsitselfwithoutelectricityinputevenunderthesun.Sowhatitdoesisbasicallyradiateheattoouterspaceandalsoreflectthesunlightsoitdoesn'tgetheatedupbythesun.Mr.FansaysitislikehavingawindowintospacE.Theheatissentdirectlyintospacewithoutwarmingtheair.Hesaysbuildingsindevelopingcountriesthatdonothaveelectricityorairconditioningcouldusethepanels.Inareaswhereelectricityisoutofreachformanypeoplethereisapotential潜在的benefitforstoringmedicineorevenfooD.Inmanyofthesesituationsbeingabletoreducethetemperatureisimportant.Andthiswouldprovideawaytodoit.Theresearcherssaythemainproblemiscreatingactualcoolingsystemsusingthehigh-techpanels.Theysayitmaybepossibletodevelopacoolingspray喷涂thatcouldbeusedonpresentsolidstructures.Theybelievethecoolingspraytechnologycouldbedevelopedinthenextthreetofiveyears.Theysayasmuchas15percentoftheenergyusedintheUnitedStatesisspentprovidingpowertoairconditioningsystems.27.Thefirstparagraphmainlytellsus________.A.livingonhotdaysisnolongerabigproblemnowB.anewmaterialiscreatedtocoolthebuildingsC.researchersaredevelopingnewsolarpanelsonroofsD.thenewmaterialisaverythinsheetwithmanylayers28.Howdoesthepanelwork?A.Ittakesintheheatandcoolsitdown.B.Itusesamirrortoreflectthesunlight.C.ItsendsheatawayrightintospacE.D.Ithasawindowtoletouttheheat.29.Thenewmaterialisespeciallyusefulinareasthat________.A.sufferhightemperatureB.havepoorairconditioningC.haveplentyoffoodD.areshortofpower30.Whatcanyouinferfromthepassage?A.Theapplianceofthenewpanelisstillunderresearch.B.Somepeoplegotbenefitsfromproducingthepanels.C.Peoplemayhaveproblemsinusingthenewmaterial.D.Thenewpanelsmaysave15percentoftheenergy.

Moststudentshavebiology生物classesintheclassroomsorthelabsinChina.ButseveraldaysagoIhadabiologyclassoutsideinmyAmericanschoo1.MybiologyteacherMr.Kwakdividedusintothreegroupsandaskedustoplayagameaboutnaturalselection选择andhowbirdsfindfood.Hegavethefirstgrouponespoon勺子perpersonthesecondgroupforks叉子andmygroupknives.Ithoughtweweregoinghuntingsoknivesmightworkbetter.Surprisinglyhetoldustopickupthebeans豆子onthegrasswithourtools工具.Whenthegamestartedallofusrantothegrassarea.Wesquatted蹲downandlookedforbeans.Itwashardtopickupsomethingthatsmallespeciallyfromthegrass.WhenIalmostfiredabeanitdroppedbacktotheground.WhenIfinallypickedupseveralbeans.oneofmyfriendsranintome.Icouldn’tkeepmybalanceandfellover.Allmybeansdroppedtotheground!JustatthatmomentMr.Kwakcalledusback.IhadtoleavethegameandofcourseIgotabadresult.Icouldn’thelpthinkingthatifIwereabirdlivingonGalapagosIslandIwouldbedeadsoon.Thefungamemademerealizethatnaturalselectionisredlycompetitive竞争的.Everyoneistryinghisorherbestto—survive.6.Whatdidthewriter’sgroupusetopickupthebeans?A.Spoons.B.Forks.C.Knives.D.Hands.7.Howmanybeansdidthewritergetatlast?A.None.B.One.C.Several.D.Many.8.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Thewriterdidagoodjobinthebiologyclass.B.Thewriterhadabiologyclassoutsidetheirschoo1inchina.C.Thewriterfoundthatpickingupthebeansfromthegrasswashard.D.Thewriterdidn’tfindenoughfoodforthebirdsonGalapagosIsland.9.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordsurvive’’inthelastparagraph?A.Findfood.B.Remainalive.C.Belovely.D.Keepbalanced.10.WhatwastheaimofMr.Kwak’sclass?A.Toplayaninterestinggame.B.Topickupthebeans.C.Toknowdifferentkindsofbirds.D.Tolearnnaturalselection.

AnypersonknowsbynowthatoneofthebestwaystoprotectyourbodyfromharmfulUVraysistoapplysunscreenbutyoumightbeforgettingoneimportantpart:youreyes.Sunglassesaretheonlywaytoprotectyoureyesbutbuyingsunglassescanbeaconfusingprocess.Specialistsoffertheirprofessionaladviceforchoosingyourrightpairofsunglasses.UVLookforalabel标签thatsays99or100percentUVabsorptionorUV400whichmeanstheglassesblockwavelengthsthatareshorterthan400nanometers纳米includingalloftheUVAandUVBraysIfthelabelonlysayssomethingvaguesuchasabsorbsUVputtheglassesbackontheshelf.Don’tmistakepolarizedforaddedsunprotection—polarizedsunglassesdonothaveanyadvantageinabsorbingforclearervisionparticularlywhiledrivingoronthewater.LenscolorDon’tmistakepolarizedforaddedsunprotection—polarizedsunglassesdonothaveanyadvantageinabsorbingUV.Insteadtheycuttheglare炫光fromhorizontalsurfacesallowingforclearervisionparticularlywhiledrivingoronthewater.LenscolorYoudon’thavetopickupthedarkestpairinthestoretogetthebestsunprotection.Manyshadescanworkwellincludinggraygreenyellowbrownandrose—it’samatterofpersonalpreferencE.Somecolorscanbeparticularlyhelpfulfordifferentactivitiesoftimesthough.Greenforinstancetendstobegoodinthemorningoratdust.LensmaterialAqualitypairofsunglasseswillhaveopticallyground光学打磨的lenseswithlittledistortion扭曲whilecheapervarietiesareoftenmadeoutofpressedplastiC.Howtotelllookingthroughthelensesanddetermineifthere’sanydistortion.FramesOversizedglassesaremorethanafashionstatement:theyaregoodforeyeprotectionaswell.BigframesorawraparoundstyleavoidmoreUVpreventingraysfromcominginatthesides.Wraparoundglassescanalsohelpcutdownondryeyebyprotectingevaporationoftheeye’snaturaltearfilm泪膜33.A.pairofsunglassescanprobablyoffergoodprotectionagainstUVraysifitslabelsays______.A.absorbsUVAB.absorbsUVBC.UV400D.polarized34.Whichofthefollowingmaybenefitthemostfrompolarizedsunglasses?A.A.truckdriverB.A.soccercoachC.aschoolsecurityguardD.amarathonrunner35.HowdoeslenscoloraffecttheeyesprotectionfromUVrays?A.GreenoffersthebestprotectioninmostenvironmentsB.ManycolorsappliedonsunglassescanoffergoodsunprotectionC.Thedarkerthelenscoloristhebetterprotectionthesunglassesoffer.D.Thelighterthelesscoloristhebetterprotectionthesunglassesoffer.

Antidepressant抗忧郁drugssuchasProzacwereviewedintheearly1900'saswonderpillsthatwouldremovedepressivebluesforgooD.ButinthepastfiveyearsgrowingscientificevidencehasshownthesedrugsworkforonlyaminorityofpeoplE.Andnowaresearchjournalsaysthattheseantidepressantscanmakemanypatients'depressionworsE.Thisalarmingsuggestioncentresontheverychemicalthatistargetedbyantidepressants-serotonin血清素.DrugssuchasProzacareknownasselectiveserotoninre-uptakeinhibitorsorSSRIs.Theiraimistoincreasethelevelofthisfeel-goodchemicalinthebrain.ButthenewresearchpublishedinthejournalFrontiersInEvolutionaryPsychologypointsoutthatserotoninislikeachemicalSwissArmyknifeperformingaverywiderangeofjobsinthebrainandbody.Andwhenwestartchangingserotoninlevelspurposelyitmaycauseawiderangeofunwantedeffects.Thesecanincludedigestiveproblemsandevenearlydeathsinolderpeopleaccordingtothestudy'sleadresearcherPaulAndrews.WeneedtobemuchmorecautiousaboutuseofthesedrugssaysAndrewsanassistantprofessorofevolutionarypsychologyatMcMasterUniversityinOntarioCanadA.PreviousresearchhassuggestedthatthedrugsprovidelittlebenefitformostpeoplewithmilddepressionandactivelyhelponlyafewofthemostseverelydepresseD.FamouspsychologistIrvingKirschhasfoundthatformanypatientsSSRIsarenomoreeffectivethanaplacebopill.A.researchin2010onDanishchildrenfoundasmallbutsignificantincreaseintheriskofheartproblemsamongbabieswhosemothershadusedSSRIsinearlypregnancy怀孕.Thekeytounderstandingtheseside-effectsisserotoninsaysAndrews.SerotoninisalsothereasonwhypatientscanoftenendupfeelingstillmoredepressedaftertheyhavefinishedacourseofSSRIdrugs.HearguesthatSSRIantidepressantsdisturbthebrainleavingthepatientanevengreaterdepressionthanbeforE.AfterlongusewhenapatientstopstakingSSRIsthebrainwillloweritslevelsofserotoninproductionhesaysaddingthatitalsochangesthewayreceptorsinthebrainrespondtoserotoninmakingthebrainlesssensitivetothechemical.Thesechangesarebelievedtobetemporarybutstudiesindicatethattheeffectsmaycontinueforuptotwoyears.MostdisturbinglyofallAndrews'reviewfeaturesthreerecentstudieswhichhesaysshowthatelderlyantidepressantusersaremorelikelytodieearlierthannon-usersevenaftertakingotherimportantvariablesintoaccount.OnestudypublishedintheBritishMedicalJournallastyearfoundpatientsgivenSSRIsweremorethan4percentmorelikelytodieinthenextyearthanthosenotonthedrugs.SerotoninisanancientchemicalsaysAndrews.Itisregulatingmanydifferentprocessesandwhenyoudisturbthesethingsyoucanexpectthatitisgoingtocausesomeharm.StaffordLightmanprofessorofmedicineattheUniversityofBristolandaleadingUKexpertinbrainchemicalsandhormonessaysAndrews'reviewhighlightssomeimportantproblemsyetitshouldalsobetakenwithapinchofsalt.Thisreportisdoingtheoppositeofwhatdrugcompaniesdohesays.DrugcompaniesselectivelypresentallthepositivesintheirresearchwhilethissearchselectivelypresentsallthenegativesthatcanbefounD.NeverthelessAndrews'studyisusefulinthatitisalwaysworthpointingoutthatthereisadownsidetoanymedicinE.ProfessorLightmanaddsthatthereisstillagreatdealwedon'tknowaboutSSRIs-notleastwhattheyactuallydoinourbrains.WhenitcomestounderstandingwhythedrugsworkonlyforalimitedpartofpatientsU.S.scientiststhinktheymightnowhavetheanswer.Theythinkthatinmanydepressedpatientsit'snotonlythelackoffeel-goodserotonincausingtheirdepressionbutalsoafailureintheareaofthebrainthatproducesnewcellsthroughoutourlives.Thisareathehippocampusisalsoresponsibleforregulatingmoodandmemory.ResearchsuggeststhatinpatientswhosehippocampushaslosttheabilitytoproducenewcellsSSRIsdonotbringanybenefit.55.Accordingtoparagraph2serotoninlikeachemicalSwissArmyknifecan______.A.makemanypatients'depressionworseB.causeawiderangeofunwantedeffectsC.affecthumanbodyandbrainmvariouswaysD.providelittlebenefitformostdepressedpeoplE.56.Wecanlearnfromthetextthat______.A.thenumberofpatientswithdepressionhasdecreasedB.antidepressantscanbenefitpeoplewithmilddepressionC.peoplehaverealizedthatProzaccannotbeusedtotreatdepressionD.antidepressantsmayincreasetheriskofearlydeathinolderpeople57.InStaffordLightman'sopinion______.A.drugcompaniesdon'tknowthenegativeeffectofantidepressantB.AndrewsfocusedondifferentthingsfromthedrugcompaniesC.scientistshavefoundwhatSSRIsdointhebrainD.Andrews'researchhasnomedicalvalue58.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutSSRIs?A.Theyareusedtoincreasethefeel-goodmedicalinthebrain.B.Theycanworkevenwhenthehippocampuscan'tproducenewcells.C.Theycreateariskofheartproblemsinpregnantwomen.D.Theyareresponsibleforcontrollingmoodandmemory.59.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentencemeaninParagraph6?A.Andrews'reviewmightnotbecompletelytruE.B.Andrewsneedtodomoreresearchtosupporthisviewpoint.C.Andrewdoesn'tconsiderdrugcompanies'interests.D.AndrewshasfoundoneofthedisadvantagesofthemedicinE.60.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Theaimofdrugcompanies.B.ThefunctionofSSRIs.C.Theside-effectsofantidepressants.D.Thecauseofdepression.

AnxietyhasnowsurpasseddepressionasthemostcommonmentalhealthdiseaseamongcollegestudentsthoughdepressiontooisontherisE.Morethanhalfofstudentsvisitingcampusclinicsciteanxietyasahealthconcernaccordingtoarecentstudyofmorethan100000studentsnationwidebytheCenterforCollegiateMentalHealthatPennStatE.Nearlyoneinsixcollegestudentshasbeendiagnosedwithortreatedforanxietywithinthelast12monthsaccordingtotheannualnationalsurveybytheAmericanCollegeHealthAssociation.ThecausesrangewidelyexpertssayfrommountingacademicpressureatearlieragestooverprotectiveparentstoengagementwithsocialmediA.Anxietyhasalwaysplayedaroleinthedevelopmentofastudent’slifebutnowmorestudentsexperienceanxietysoacutethattheyareseekingprofessionalhelp.LikemanycollegeclinicstheCenterforCounselingandPsychologicalServicesattheUniversityofCentralFloridaUCF-oneofthecountry’slargestandfastest-growinguniversitieshasseensharpincreasesinthenumberofclients:15.2percentoverlastyearalonE.AnxietyhasbecomecharacteristicofthecurrentgenerationofcollegestudentssaidDanJonesthedirectorofCounselingandPsychologicalServicesatAppalachianStateUniversityinBooneN.C.Becauseofincreasinglypressuresduringhighschoolheandotherexpertssaystudentsarriveatcollegepreloadedwithstress.Accustomedtoextremeparentaloversightmanyseemunabletogovernthemselves.Andwithparentssoaccessiblestudentshavehadlessincentivetodeveloplifeskills.Theycan’ttoleratediscomfortorhavingtostruggleDrJonessaiD.Moreoftenanxietyismildandtemporarytheindicationofastudentunderthecontrolofanormaldevelopmentalissue-learningtimemanagementforexampleorhowtohandlerejectionfromasorority.Mildanxietyisoftentreatablewithearlymodestinterventions.Buttocareforrisingnumbersofseverelytroubledstudentsmanycounselingcentershavemovedtotriageprotocols分诊措施.Thatmeansthatstudentswithlessurgentneedsmaywaitseveralweeksforfirstappointments.LikemanycollegecounselingcentersUCFhasdesignedavarietyofdailyworkshopsandtherapygroupsthatimplicitlyandexplicitlyaddressanxietydepressionandtheirtriggers.Nextfallthecenterwilltestanewappfortreatinganxietywithaseven-modulecognitivebehavioralprogramaccessiblethroughastudent’sphoneandaugmentedwithbriefvideoconferenceswithatherapist.Italsoofferssemester-long90-minuteweeklytherapygroupssuchasKeepingCalmandinControlMindfulnessforDepressionandBuildingSocialConfidence-forstudentsstrugglingwithsocialanxiety.28.Whichofthefollowingcontributestoanxietyaccordingtothetext?A.Protectionfromteachers.B.Anappinstudents’phones.C.IncreasinglylearningpressurE.D.Managementoftimelearning.29.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordincentiveinParagraph3probablymean?A.Prevention.B.Motivation.C.Acquisition.D.Direction.30.What’sthepurposeofthosetherapygroupsmentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Tohelpstudentssufferinganxiety.B.Totestwhatsocialanxietyis.C.TointroducethecognitivebehavioralprogramofUCF.D.ToemphasizetheimportanceofcalmandconfidencE.31.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TipsondealingwithanxietyB.CausesofanxietyanddepressionC.DifferentmentaldiseasesthreatencollegestudentsD.Collegementalhealthcentersoverburdenedwithanxiousstudents

Foryearsscientistshavebeenworriedabouttheeffectsofairpollutionontheearth’snaturalconditions.SomebelievetheairinsidemanyhousesmaybemoredangerousthantheairoutsidE.ItmaybeonehundredtimesworsE.Indoorairpollutioncancauseapersontofeeltiredtosuffereyepainheadacheandotherproblems.Somepollutants污染物cancausebreathingdisordersdiseasesofbloodandevencancer.Mostscientistsagreethateverymodernhousehassomekindofindoorpollution.Peoplehavepaidmoreattentiontotheproblemnow.Itissaidthatwhenbuildersbeganmakinghousesandofficestheydidnotwasteenergy.TodothistheybuiltbuildingsthatlimitedtheflowofairbetweeninsideandoutsidE.Theyalsobeganusingman-madebuildingmaterials.Thesematerialsarenowknowntoletoutharmfulgases.Astheproblembecamemoreseriousscientistsbegansearchingforawaytodealwithit.Theydiscoveredanaturalpollutioncontrolsystemforbuilding-greenplants.Scientistsdonotreallyknowhowplantscontrolairpollution.Theybelievethataplant’sleavesabsorbortakeinthepollutants.Inexchangetheplantletsoutoxygenthroughitsleavesandsmallorganizationsonitsroots.ScientistssuggestthatallbuildingsshouldhaveonelargeplantorseveralsmallplantsinsideforeveryninesquaremetresofspacE.Studiesofdifferentplantsshowthateachabsorbsdifferentchemicals.Sothemosteffectivewaytocleantheairistousedifferentkindsofplants.HavinggreenplantsinsideyourhousecanmakeitaprettierandmorehealthyplacE.21.Generallyspeakingindoorairpollutionmaybemoreharmfulthantheairoutsidebecause_______.A.indoorairpollutioncanoftenmakepeopleseriouslyillB.man-madebuildingmaterialsgiveoffdangerousgasesC.theremaybemoreharmfulgasesoutsidethebuildingsD.theflowofairindoorsislimitedwhichisveryharmful22.Somekindofindoorpollutioncanbefoundin________.A.allkindsofofficesB.everyoldhouseC.allkindsofhousesD.everymodernhouse23.Theindoorairpollutioniscausedby________.A.thelimitoftheflowofairbetweeninsideandoutsideB.thebuildingwaythatthebuilderswanttosaveenergyC.thebuildingthingsthataremadeofman-madematerialsD.theman-madebuildingmaterialsandthelimitofair-flow24.Thereasonwhyweshouldusedifferentkindsofplantstocleantheairisthat________.A.plantscanletoutallkindsofpollutantsindoorsB.plantscanabsorballkindsofharmfulindoorchemicalsC.plantsmaytakeinmoreoxygenwhichpeopleneedD.plantscanmakeourhousesprettierandmorehealthy

A7.0-magnitude震级earthquakeattackedKumamotoJapanonApril15th2016lessthantwodaysaftera6.2-magnitudeearthquakerockedthesameareA.Thesmaller6.2-magnitudequakeonApril14thkilledninepeopleandinjuredhundredsmoreaccordingtotheU.S.GeologicalSurvey.Withthesetwoandthememoriesofthehuge9.0-magnitudeearthquakeandtsunami海啸thatdestroydnortheastofJapanin2011notfarfrompeople’smindswhatisitaboutthispartoftheworldthatmakesitsoactiveinearthquakes?FirstofallJapanisalongtheso-calledPacificRingofFirewhichisthemostactiveearthquakeareaintheworlD.ThisringisactuallyanimaginaryU-shapedzonethatfollowstheedge边缘ofthePacificOceanwheremanyoftheworld’searthquakesoccur.TheearthquakeinKumamotoseemstohavebeencausedbythecollision碰撞betweenthePhilippinesSeaPlate板块andtheEurasiaPlatesaidPaulCarusoageophysicistoftheUSGS.WhileJapanisnostrangertoearthquakesthe7.0-magnitudeearthquakeisoneofthelargesteverrecordedinthispartofsouthernJapanCarusotoldLiveSciencE.ThesecondlargestwasprobablyonMarch201939---therewasamagnitudeof6.7inthisareahesaiD.NotallearthquakescausetsunamisCarusosaiD.Ingeneraltherearethreekeyelementsthatcanproduceadangerousearthquake-tsunamicombinationheaddeD.Firsttheearthquakemustbeatleast7.0-magnitudE.Secondthequake’sepicenter震中hastobeundertheoceanCarusosaiD.Andfinallytheearthquakehasn’ttobetoodeep.WehavequakesaroundFijiallthetimebutthosearesometimes640kilometersundergroundsotheyaren’tgoingtocauseatsunamihesaiD.TheoneinKumamotowasabout10kmundergroundbuttheepicenterwasonlandCarusosaiD.TherearelotsoflargeaftershocksCarusotoldLiveSciencE.Andofcourseafteralargeearthquakebuildingsareoftenweakenedasaresult.AdditionaldamagecanbeexpecteD.PeoplelivingintheareashouldexpectmoreshakinginthecomingdaysaccordingtoCaruso.WecansayforcertainthattherearegoingtobemoreaftershocksinthisareahesaiD.Exactlywhenandhowbigthey’regoingtobeisdifficulttosaythough.Noonecanpredictthat.24.TheearthquakehappenedonApril15thinKumamoto________.A.wasthelargestonethateverhappenedthereB.causedthemovementofthePhilippinesSeaPlateandtheEurasiaPlateC.wasthefirstonethatreachedthemagnitudeof7.0inJapanD.broughtgreatdestructiontothenortheasternpartofJapan25.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordelementsinPara4mean?A.Conclusions.B.Influences.C.Ingredients.D.Intentions.26.WhichinferenceabouttheKumamotoearthquakeisthemostprobablycorrect?A.Itdidn’tcausetoomuchdestructiontothebuildings.B.Theepicenterwastoodeeptocausetsunami.C.Theaftershockswerewell-controlleD.D.Itdidn’tbringaboutanypowerfultsunamis.27.Whichofthefollowingmightbethetitleofthepassage?A.WhyAreEarthquakesinJapanSoDestructive?B.WhyDoSomanyEarthquakesAttackJapan?C.WhyDoEarthquakesCauseTsunamisinJapan?D.WhyDoSoManyEarthquakesHappen?

DeathratesforheartdiseaseinBritainhavedroppedbymorethan40percentinadecadeUKscientistswillreporttoday.Wideuptakeofcholesterol﹣bustingstatindrugs降胆固醇药healthierlifestylesandbettermedicalpracticeshaveseenahugereductionindeathscausedbyheartattacksstrokeandothercardiovascular心血管的problems.HoweverheartdiseaseremainsBritain'sbiggestkiller.ThenewstudybyexpertsatOxfordUniversityshowstherehasbeena44.4percentdropindeathratesamongmenintheUKanda43.6percentdropamongwomenlinkedtoheartproblemsinthetenyearsto2011.TheteamcompareddeathrateassociatedwithcardiovasculardiseaseacrossEurope.TheyfoundthatBritainhasoneofthebestrecordsinEuropewith342deathsasaresultofheartdiseaseper100000menin2011and232per100000women.Somenations﹣﹣﹣includingUkraineMacedoniaandMoldova﹣seemorethan1000heartdeathsper100000ofthepopulation.Overallheartdiseasecauses45percentofalldeathsacrossEuropebutonly27percentintheUK.ThestudyledbyDrNickTownsendshowedthatcardiovasculardiseaseismainlyadiseaseofoldage.ButresearcherssaidthatacrossEuropeitstillcausesmorethan1.4milliondeathsinthoseagedunder75andnearly700000deathsinunder65s.DrTownsendsaidCardiovasculardiseaseresultsin49percentofdeathsamongwomenand41percentamongmen.5.Fromthetextwecanknow.A.heartdiseasenolongerthreatenstheBritishB.theheartdeathrateamongBritishmenislowerthanamongwomenC.theoldmainlydiesofstrokeinEuropeD.theheartdeathrateinUkraineishigherthaninBritain6.WhatdoestheunderlinedworditinthelastparagraphrefertoA.Stroke.B.Cardiovasculardisease.C.Lungdisease.D.Heartattacks.7.HowdoestheauthorsupporthisideaA.Byanalyzingdata.B.Byfollowingprocesses.C.Bydescribinghisownexperiences.D.Bydiscussingresearchexperiments.8.WhereisthetextmostlikelytohavebeentakenfromA.AspeechB.AstoryC.AscientificstudyD.Apersonaldiary.

Candogsandcatsliveinperfectharmony和谐inthesamehome?Peoplewhoarethinkingaboutadoptingadogasafriendfortheircatsareworriedthattheywillfight.A.recentresearchhasfoundanewsecretofsuccess.Accordingtothestudyifthecatisadoptedbeforethedogandiftheyareintroducedwhenstillyounglessthan6monthsforcatsayearfordogsitishighlylikelythatthetwopetswillgetalongswimmingly.Two­thirdsofthehomesinterviewedreportedapositiverelationshipbetweentheircatanddog.Howeveritwasn'tallsweetnessandlight.Therewasareportedcoldnessbetweenthecatanddogin25%ofthehomeswhilefightingwereobservedin10%ofthehomes.OnereasonforthisisprobablythatsomeoftheirbodysignalswerejustoppositE.Forexamplewhenacatturnsitsheadawayitsignalsattackingwhileadogdoingthesamesignalsgivingin.Inhomeswithcatsanddogslivingpeacefullyresearchersobservedasurprisingbehavior.Theyarelearninghowtotalkeachother'slanguagE.Itisasurprisethatcatscanlearnhowtotalkdoganddogscanlearnhowtotalkcat.What'sinterestingisthatbothcatsanddogshaveappearedtodeveloptheirintelligencE.Theycanlearntoreadeachother'sbodysignalssuggestingthatthetwomayhavemoreincommonthanwepreviouslythought.Oncefamiliarwitheachother'spresenceandbodylanguagecatsanddogscanplaytogethergreeteachothernosetonoseandenjoysleepingtogetheronthesofA.Theycaneasilysharethesamewaterbowlandinsomecasesgroom梳理eachother.Themeaningofthisresearchoncatsanddogsmaygobeyondpets—topeoplewhodon'tgetalongincludingneighborscolleaguesatworkandevenworldsuperpowers.IfcatsanddogscanlearntogetalongsurelypeoplehaveagoodchancE.4.TheunderlinedwordswimminglyinParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto.A.earlyB.quicklyC.sweetlyD.violently5.Somecatsanddogsmayfightwhen.A.theyarecoldtoeachotherB.theylookawayfromeachotherC.theyareintroducedatanearlyageD.theymisunderstandeachother'ssignals6.ItissuggestedinParagraph4thatcatsanddogs.A.havecommoninterestsB.arelessdifferentthanwhatwethoughtC.haveacommonbodylanguageD.arelessintelligentthanwhatweexpected7.Whatcanwehumanbeingslearnfromcatsanddogs?A.Weshouldlearntoliveinharmony.B.Weshouldknowmoreaboutanimals.C.Weshouldliveinpeacewithanimals.D.Weshouldlearnmorebodylanguages.

There'samotherinPICU儿童重症监护病房whowantstotalkaboutakitshereceiveD.thenursetoldmE.Somethingaboutitmadehercry.I’vebeenachild-1ifespecialistattheClevelandClinicChildren’sHospitalsince2000.IhelpfamiliesunderstanddiagnosesandtreatmentplansandmanagetheupsanddownsthatcomewithcaringforasickchilD.Toughtalkswithparentsarepartofthejobwhichstillmakesmefeelnervous.ThekitsthenursewastalkingaboutweresomethingIhadrecentlyintroducedtothehospitalComfortKitsfromGuideposts.Theyweresupposedtomakeachild’sexperiencehereeasiernotupsetting.WhenIcameacrossthekitsataconferencE.Ifellinlovewiththem.Atreasureboxofitemsdesignednotonlytoentertainkidsbuttocomfortandinspirethem.There’sacoloringbookastressballaCDofrelaxingmusicahairystarnamedSparkleajournalandmuchmorE.Ireallybelievedthesekitswouldhelpkids.IwishedIhadn’tbeenmistaken.Atthepatient’sroominPICUIsawalittlegirlsleepingsoundlysurroundedbytubesandmachines.Myeyesmethermother's.Thekitwasopenonherlapandtearswererunningdownhercheeks.I'mShannon.ImanagetheChildLifeDepartment.IsaiD.I'msorryifthekitupsetyou.It’sanewitemThemothershookherheaD.ThishasbeenoneoftheworstdaysofmylifE.IfeltsoscaredandalonE.ThenIwashandedthisbox.Iknowit’sformydaughterbutit'sjustthecomfortIneedeD.Iwantedtosaythankyou.WiththatIknewComfortKitsbelongedherE.We’vebeenusingthemforalmostthreeyearsnow.Eachchildwho’sadmittedtothehospitalreceivesonE.EverydayIseekidscoloringjournalingplayingwithSparklE.ButasthismomshowedmeComfortKitsaren'tjustforkids.Thehopetheybringwhichcanbeinshortsupplyinhospitalssometimesisfeltbythewholefamily.21.TheauthorintroducedComfortKitstothehospitalto_________.A.relaxnursesB.curekidsofdiseasesC.comfortparentsD.benefitsickkids22.Whywasthegirl’smothercrying?A.Shecouldn'twakeherkiD.B.ShefeltaloneandscareD.C.Shewasmovedtotears.D.Sheworriedaboutherkid’sillness.23.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraph?A.Theremaybelackofhopeinhospitals.B.Kitsareingreatneedinhospitals.C.Parentsareofteninlowspiritsinhospitals.D.Medicalsuppliesarenotenoughinhospitals.24.What’stheauthor'sattitudetowardsComfortKits?A.DisappointeD.B.ExciteD.C.Nervous.D.Confident.

Caneatingachocolatebareverydayreallypreventage-relatedmemoryloss?No.Butanewresearchshowsthatlargeamountsofflavonessubstancesfoundincocoateaandsomekindsofvegetablesmayimproveage-relatedmemoryfailurE.Dr.ScottSmallisaprofessorofneurology神经病学atColumbiaUniversityinnewYorkCity.Heistheleadwriterofaresearchpaperdescribingtheeffectsofcocoaflavonesonbrainactivity.Hisstudyinvolved37volunteersagedbetween50and69.Researchersgavethemahigh-levelflavonesdrinkmadefromcocoabeansoralow-levelflavonesdrink.Foraperiodofthreemonthssomesubjectsgot900milligramsofflavonesaday.Theothersgot10milligramsofflavoneseachday.Brainimagingandmemorytestsweregiventoeachstudysubjectbeforeandafterthestudy.Dr.Smallsaysthatthesubjectswhohadthehigh-levelflavonesdrinkshowedmuchimprovementonmemorytests.Theresearcherswarnthatmoreworkisneededtobedonebecausethisstudywasperformedonlyonasmallgroup.Dr.JoannMansonistheleadresearcherofafour-yearstudyinvolving18000adults.Thisstudywilluseflavonescapsules胶囊.Thestudysubjectswillbedividedintotwogroupsandwilltaketwopillsperday.ThecapsulesusedwillalllookthesamE.Butonegroup'scapsuleswillcontainflavoneswhiletheothergroupwilltakecapsulesmadeofaninactivesubstanceorplaceboDr.Mansonsaysit'snotnecessaryforpeopletostarteatingmorechocolatebecause3personswouldhavetoeatahugeamountofchocolatetogetthesamelevelofflavonesgiventotherestsubjects.Headdsmanymanufacturershaveplannedtoremovetheflavonesfromtheirchocolateproducts.SimilarlyDr.Mansonsaysacocoa-basedflavonesextract提取maybedevelopedinthefuturE.Buthesaysthatmorestudiesareneededtoseehowmuchflavonesisgoodforourhealth.29.WhatwasdonetothesubjectsafterDr.Small'sstudy?A.Theywereaskedtotakeahigh-levelflavonesdrink.B.Theyweregivencapsulescontainingflavones.C.Theywereaskedtotaketwopillsofflavonescapsulesperday.D.Theyweregivenbrainimagingandmemorytests.30.What'sthesimilarityofthetwoexperiments?A.Bothusehigh-levelflavonescapsules.B.Thesubjectsaredividedintotwogroupsinbothexperiments.C.Drinksandplacebosareusedinbothexperiments.D.ThenumberofthesubjectsisthesamE.31.WhywillDr.Mansoncarryoutthefour-yearstudy?A.Toprovethefirstexperimentiswrong.B.Totesthowmuchflavonescanimproveourmemory.C.Tocarryouttheexperimentfurther.D.Toshoweatingchocolateisbettertoimprovememory.32.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.InthefuturewecangetflavoneswithouteatingchocolatE.B.ThemoreweeatflavonesthebetterourhealthwillbE.C.It'snotnecessaryforustoeatchocolatE.D.It'seasyforpeopletogetthesamelevelofflavonesgiventothetestsubjects.

TheUnitedStatesDepartmentofAgriculturehasaprogramcalledWildlifeServices.ItsjobistohelpprotectagriculturalandotherresourcesfromthreatsanddamagebywildlifE.Oftenthatmeanshelpingfarmersdealwithunwelcomevisitors.OneexamplefromWildlifeServicesofitsworkconcernedafarmerinWashingtonStateinthePacificNorthwest.SeveralyearsagothousandsofCanadageeselandedonhisfields.Thegeesebegantoeathiscarrotcrop.Biologistsfromtheprogramsuggestedthatthefarmerusenoise-makingdevicesandothermeasurestoscarethelargebirdsaway.TheseeffortssucceedeD.WildlifeServicesalsohasalivestock家禽protectionprogram.Theagencykillsfoxeswolvesandotherpredators食肉动物.Somepeoplehoweverwhoareagainstitsaytoomanyanimalsarekilledthatdonotdoharmtolivestock.TheWildlifeServicesprogramispartoftheAnimalandPlantHealthInspectionServiceAPHIS.APHISofferssomesuggestionsofwaystokeepawaypredators.ForexampletrytokeepfoodandwatersafefromwildlifE.Fencesmayhelpkeepoutwolvesespeciallyifthefencesareatleasttwometershigh.Forbestresultsthebottomofthefenceshouldextend延伸到aboutfifteencentimetersintothegrounD.Theexpertsalsosuggestusinglightsaboveplaceswhereanimalsarekept.Andtheyadvisepeoplewhoseewolvesaroundtheirpropertytochasethemawaybyshoutingmakingloudnoisesorthrowingrocks.Forhomegardenersatwo-meterfencemighthelpkeepoutdeer.Tokeepoutrabbitsawirefencehastobeonlyaboutahalf-meterhigh.Itshouldextendoverfifteencentimetersundergroundtokeeprabbitsfromdiggingunderit.29.WhichofthefollowingisWildlifeServicesexpectedtodoaccordingtothepassage?A.Toprotectwildlifethatisindanger.B.TohelpfarmersdealwithunwelcomewildlifE.C.TohelpfarmerswhosefamiliesarepoorD.Tokillunwelcomewildlife30.Whyisthefarmermentionedinthesecondparagraph?A.ToshowhowWildlifeServiceswassetup.B.Toshowwhatserioustroublefarmersarein.C.ToshowwhatWildlifeServicesdoesD.ToshowhowharmfulCanadageesearE.31.Whyaresomepeopleagainstthelivestockprotectionprogram?A.BecausetoomanyharmlessanimalsarealsokilleD.B.BecausetoomuchnoisesaremadE.C.Becauseitcoststoomuchmoney.D.Becausetheydon’tthinkitsuccessfulinprotectingthelivestock.32.Whichofthefollowingwaysisnotsuggestedifwolvesareseen?A.MakingloudnoisesB.ThrowingrocksC.ShoutingD.Firingatthem

Sleepinginaroomwithtoomuchlighthasbeenlinkedtoanincreasedriskofpilingonthepoundsastudyshows.A.teamattheInstituteofCancerResearchinLondonfoundwomenhadlargerwaistlinesiftheirbedroomwaslightenoughtoseeacrossatnightHowevertheycautionthereisnotenoughevidencetoadvisepeopletobuythickercurtainsorturnofflights.Thewomenwereaskedtoratetheamountoflightintheirbedroomsatnightas:LightenoughtoreaD.LightenoughtoseeacrosstheroombutnotreaD.Lightenoughtoseeyourhandinfrontofyoubutnotacrosstheroom.Toodarktoseeyourhandoryouwearamask.Prof.AnthonySwerdlowtoldtheBBC:Inthisverylargegroupofpeoplethereisanassociationbetweenreportedlightexposureatnightandoverweightandobesity.Butthereisnotsufficientevidencetoknowifmakingyourroomdarkerwouldmakeanydifferencetoyourweight.Theremightbeotherexplanationsfortheassociationbutthefindingsareintriguingenoughtoguaranteefurtherscientificinvestigation.Thelightisdisruptingthebodyclockwhichstemsfromourevolutionarypastwhenwewereactivewhenitwaslightinthedayandrestingwhenitwasdarkatnight.Lightaltersmoodphysicalstrengthandeventhewayweprocessfoodina24-hourcyclE.Artificiallightisknowntodisruptthebodyclockbydelayingtheproductionofthesleephormonemelatonin褪黑素.Prof.Derk-JanDijksaidtherewouldbenoharmintryingtomakebedroomsdarker.HetoldtheBBC:Peopleingeneralarenotawareofthelightpresentintheirbedroom.Ithinkpeopleshouldassesstheirbedroomandseehoweasyitwouldbetomakeitdarker.StreetlightssomealarmclocksandstandbylightsonelectricalequipmentsuchastelevisionscouldlightaroomhesaiD.OverallthisstudypointstotheimportanceofdarknessheconcludeD.29.Thepassagemainlytellsus________.A.brightbedroomslinktoobesityB.darkbedroomslinktoobesityC.peopleshouldturnofflightsD.peopleshouldbuythickercurtains30.WhatdoestheunderlinedworddisruptParagraph4mean?A.stop.B.disturbC.improvE.D.recover.31.What’sProf.Derk-JanDijk’sattitudetowardsthedarkroom?A.Unclear.B.Doubtful.C.NegativE.D.FavorablE.

TheUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgramUNEPsays200millionAfricansgotosleephungrythatnumberrepresents23percentofthepopulationonthecontinent.A.newUNstudyshowsthateightoutoftencountriesfacingtheworstfoodshortageareinAfricA.RecentlyAfricanexpertsfarmersandothersgatheredinKenyafortwodaysofdiscussion.TheydebatedwaystofeedthegrowinghumanpopulationinAfricaanddealwithrisingtemperaturesonearthsurfacE.TheUNClimateChangeCoordinatorforAfricaRichardMunangwasoneofthespeakers.Henotedaneedtoincreasefoodproductiontofeedthepopulationbuthesaidthismustbedonewithoutputtingmorepressureontheenvironment.HesaiditisimportanttofindwaystofeedpeoplewithoutdestroyingforestsriversandseasthatprovidefooD.AtthemeetingsEmmanuelDlaminiservedasanegotiatorforOneAfricA.Inhisopinionclimatechangeisheretostay.HesaysAfricangovernmentandfarmershavetolookforwaystodealwiththechanges.Africanfarmerssaythatacombinationofunpredictablerainandrisingtemperaturescreatesanenvironmentforcropdiseasesthataffectsproduction.TheconferencealsoheardfromarepresentativeofNestleoneofworld’slargestfoodcompanies.NestleAfrica’sHansJohnsaysfarmersneedassistancefromfoodprocessingcompaniesandnon-governmentalorganizationstodealwithchallenges.47.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthediscussionmentionedinparagraph2isnotcorrect?A.Ittooktwodays.B.WaystofeedglobalhumanpopulationarediscusseD.C.Africanexpertsfarmersandothersjoinedthediscussion.D.Risingtemperatureisatopicofthediscussion.48.RichardMunangwillmostprobablyagreewith______.A.allmeasuresshouldbetriedtofeedthepopulationB.weshouldfindwaystofeedthepopulationwithoutdestroyingtheenvironmentC.AfricangovernmentandfarmershavetolookforwaystodealwiththechangesD.foodprocessingcompaniesandnon-governmentalorganizationsshoulddealwithchallenges49.Africanfarmersbelieve______leadtocropdiseasE.A.unpredictablerainandgrowinghumanpopulationB.destroyingforestsriversandseasC.risingtemperatureandlowproductionD.unpredictablerainandrisingtemperature50.Whichofthefollowingwillbethebesttitle?A.GrowingPopulationandRisingTemperatureB.WaystoFeedHumanPopulationC.DiscussiontoEndHungerinAfricaD.FoodShortageinAfrica

GlobalPositioningSystemsarenowapartofeverydaydrivinginmanycountries.Thesesatellite-basedsystemsprovideturn-by-turndirectionstohelppeoplegettowheretheywanttogo.Buttheycanalsocausealotofproblemssendyoutothewrongplaceorleaveyoucompletelylost.ManytimesthedriveristoblamE.SometimesaGPSerrorisresponsiblE.MostoftensaysBarryBrownanexpertinhuman-computerinteractionitisacombinationofthetwo.WespoketoMr.BrownbySkype网络电话软件.HetoldusaboutanincidentinvolvingafriendwhohadflowntoanairportintheeasternUnitedStates.ThereheborrowedaGPS-equippedcartouseduringhisstay.BarryBrown:Andtheyjustpluggedinanaddressandthensetofftotheirdestination.Andthenitwasn'tuntiltheyweredrivingforthirtyminutesthattheyrealizedtheyactuallyputinadestinationbackontheWestCoastwheretheyliveD.Theyactuallyputtheirhomeaddressin.SoagaintheGPSiskindof‘garbageingarbageout’.Mr.Brownsaysthisisacommonhumanerror.ButhesayswhatmakestheproblemworsehastodowithsomeoftheshortcomingsorfailuresofGPSequipment.BarryBrown:OneproblemwithalotoftheGPSunitsistheyhaveaverysmallscreenandtheyjusttellyouthenextturn.Becausetheyjustgiveyouthenextturnsometimesthatmeansthatitisnotreallygivingyoutheoverviewthatyouwouldneedtoknowthatit'sgoingtothewrongplacE.BarryBrownonceworkedonaprojectwithEricLaurierfromtheUniversityofEdinburgh.ThetwomenstudiedtheeffectsofGPSdevicesondrivingbyplacingcamerasinpeople’scars.Theywroteapaperbasedontheirresearch.ItiscalledTheNormalNaturalTroublesofDrivingwithGPS.ItlistsseveralareaswhereGPSsystemscancauseconfusionfordrivers.TheseincludemapsthatareoutdatedincorrectordifficulttounderstanD.TheyalsoincludetimingissuesrelatedtowhenGPScommandsaregiven.BarryBrownsaystomakeGPSsystemsbetterweneedabetterunderstandingofhowdriverspassengersandGPSsystemsworktogether.24.InParagraph2MrBrownmentionedhisfriendintheconversationto.A.builduphisownreputationB.laughathisstupidfriendC.provetheGPSsystemisonlygarbageD.describeanexampleofhumanerror25.WhichofthefollowingstatementswouldBarryBrownmostlikelyagreewith?A.GPSunitsaretoblameformostGPSservicefailures.B.WeshouldintroducehigherstandardsforthedrivinglicensE.C.CamerasareurgentlyneededtohelpimproveGPSsystems.D.DriversGPSsystemsandpassengersshouldunitetoimproveGPSsystems.26.WhatisMr.Brown'sattitudetowardsGPS?A.UnconcerneD.B.PrejudiceD.C.ObjectivE.D.Critical.27.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.DrivingwithGPScanbedifficult.B.DrivingconfusionscanbecausedbysmallscreensC.DrivingwithoutGPSshouldbemuchmoreconvenientD.ProblemswithGPSarecausedbyhumanerrors.

OnApril14th2010myentirelifechangedinaninstant.OnemomentIwasjoyfullyridingthroughthesunshinE.Thenextmomentmetalfleshandbonewerespreadingagainstthepavementinathunderouscrash.AnothercyclistbikingcarelesslyhadcutmeoffandsentmesupermanningtowardoncomingtraffiC.AsiftosymbolizetheaccidentthathadhitmylifeanotherdisasteralsooccurredonApril14th2010.Itcosttheairlineindustry＄l.7billion.Tenmilliontravelerswerestuckfordays.EconomiesallovertheworldweredisturbeD.ThiswastheeruptionofEyjafjallajokulloneofIceland’smanyvolcanoes.HowevervolcanoesarenotallbaD.Infacttheyarenecessary.Theyareresponsibleforthebirthofnewearthandforthecreationofrichsoil.Thiseruptiongaveoff0.15milliontonsofcarbondioxideintotheatmospheredaily.Butcancelling48%oftheworldsflighttravelsavedabout2.8milliontonsofCO2fromenteringtheatmospheretemporarilydecreasingourcarbonfootprint.SimilarlytheaccidenthadbadlyaffectedmyemotionbutitalsoallowedmetolookmorecloselyinsidemyselfanddiscoverthingsaboutmyselfIneverwouldhaverealizeD.Ilearnedhownottojudgemyselfformynewlimitations.In1973anotherIcelandicvolcanoEldfellbrokeout.Icelandersdecidedtobombitwithcoldwateruntilitfrozeandchoseadifferentpath.Aftertheirplanworkedtheyusedthegeothermal地热energyforthenext15yearstoheattheirhomes.A.goodexampleoflifebringinglemonsandmakinglemonade!OnemustmoveonfrommisfortunesfocusingonlyonthepresentmomentandbeinghopefulforthefuturE.IranfromApril14th2010toeverykindofescapE.EventuallyIendedupinuniversityforanew-foundloveinEarthsciences.32.WhathappenedtothewriteronApril14th2010?A.Hewasinvolvedinacarcrash.B.HewasstuckinIceland’sairport.C.Hewitnessedavolcaniceruption.D.HewasbadlyinjuredonabikeridE.33.WhichwasaneffectoftheeruptionofEyjafjallajokull?A.Economywascostgloballybytheeruption.B.Carbondioxidewasincreasedtemporarily.C.TheearthinIrelandwasterriblypolluteD.D.Mostoftheworld’splaneswereheldup.34.WhydidthewritermentiontheEldfellvolcano?A.ItbrokeoutinIcelandonApril14thaswell.B.ItsymbolizedtheaccidentthatchangedhislifE.C.Itencouragedhimtoknowmoreabouthimself.D.Ittoldustomakethemostofgivensituation.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.InspirationfromDisastersB.EscapefromVolcanoesC.LoveforEarthScienceD.AttitudetowardsNature

Ifresearcherswanttoknowwhathappenedonaspecialdaytheyoftenlookatnewspaperspublished出版onthatday.Butwhatwouldhappenifnewspapersweretostoppublishing?FutureresearcherswouldlikelyturntotheWeB.TheInternetArchive’sWaybackMachineatArchivE.orghasforyearssavedwebsitesfromthepast.Butitonlydoesthisonceadayfornewswebsites.A.reporterBenWelshdecidedtocreateasitesimilartoArchivE.org.Buthewantedtoarchive存档onlynewswebsites.Andhewantedtosavetheirhomepages主页moreoften.InMayMr.WelshcreatedPastPages.orgtosavethehomepagesofseventynewswebsitesonceanhour.HesaidThisscheduleofwhatIcall‘harvesting’isimportantintoday’squickly-changingnewsenvironment.Becauseoverthecourseofadayanewsstorycandevelopquiteabit.Noonehassavedthehomepagesofsomanynewswebsitessooftenandmadethatmaterialavailable可获得的tothepubliC.IhopetokeepaddingtothesiteuntilitisarchivingmaterialfromuptothreehundrednewswebsitesaroundtheworlD.BenWelshspentaboutsixtydollarsamonthonstoragespacE.HefearedthecostwouldincreasebeyondwhathecouldaffordsoheaskedpeopleforhelpthroughthewebsiteKickstarter.WithinaboutaweekhehadgottenwhathehadaskedforandmorE.StephanieBluesteinareporterattheLosAngelesTimessaidNowyoucouldgobackandseewhattheleadstorywashowtheheadlinechangedandhowthenewspaperplayedastory.YoucanactuallycomparE.Today’snewschangessoquicklythatevenarchivingonceanhourmaysoonnotbeenough.32.WhydoesPastPages.orgsavehomepagesofnewswebsitesonceanhour?A.Becausenewschangesquicklyinmoderntimes.B.Becausethereareover300newswebsitesthatneedtobesaveD.C.BecausethewebsitecanmakeallthenewsavailabletothepubliC.D.Becausesavinghomepagesofnewswebsitesmayearnmoney.33.Mr.WelshaskedforhelpthroughthewebsiteKickstarterto______.A.helpmorepeoplesavehomepagesB.makemoremoneyfromPastPages.orgC.tohelpcreateanothersiteArchivE.orgD.raisemoneytopayforthecostofstoragespace34.What’sStephanieBluestein’sattitudetowardsPastPages.org?A.Uncaring.B.FavorablE.C.DisagreeablE.D.Doubtful.35.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.WebsitescompetewithnewspapersB.WebsitessaveusefulhomepagesinthepastC.Websitessavetoday’shomepagesforthefutureD.Websitessavemorehomepagesthannewspapers

Ithasalwaysbeenthoughtthatalcoholcausespeopletoputonweightbecauseitcontainsalotofsugarbutnewresearchsuggestsaglassadaycoldformpartofadiet.Lookingatpaststudiestheyfoundthatwhileheavydrinkersdoputonweight;thosewhodrinkinmoderationcanactuallyloseweight.AspokesmanfortheresearchteamatNavarroUniversityinSpainsaysLighttomoderatealcoholintakeespeciallyofwinemaybemorelikelytoprotectagainstratherthanpromoteweightgain.TheInternationalScientificForumonAlcoholresearchreviewedthefindingsandagreedwithmostoftheconclusionsparticularlythatdatadonotclearlyindicateifmoderatedrinkingincreasesweight.BostonUniversity’sDr.HarveyFinkelfoundthatthebiologicmechanisms生物学机制relatingalcoholtochangesinbodyweightarenotproperlyunderstooD.Histeampointedoutthestrongprotectiveeffectsofmoderatedrinkingontheriskofgettingconditionslikediabetes糖尿病whichrelatetoincreasingobesity.Somestudiessuggestthatevenveryobesepeoplemaybeatlowerriskofdiabetesiftheyaremoderatedrinkers.Thegroupsaysalcoholprovidescaloriesthatarequicklyabsorbedintothebodyandarenotstoredinfatandthatthisprocesscouldexplainthedifferencesinitseffectsfromthoseofotherfoods.Theyagreethatfutureresearchshouldbedirectedtowardsassessingtherolesofdifferenttypesofalcoholicdrinkstakingintoconsiderationdrinkingpatternsandincludingthepasttendencyofparticipantstogainweight.Fornowthereislittleevidencethatconsumingsmalltomoderateamountsofalcoholonaregularbasisincreasesone’sriskofbecomingobesE.What’smoreastudythreeyearsagosuggestedthatresveratrolacompoundpresentingrapesandredwinedestroysfatcells.21.Thepassageismainlyforthose_________A.whoproducewineB.whohaveadrinkinghabitC.whogoonadietD.whoareeagertoloseweight22.Theunderlinedphraseinmoderationinthefirstparagraphmeans_________.A.excitedlyB.carefullyC.frequentlyD.properly23.WhatcanwelearnfromthepassageA.Currentdataclearlyshowthatmoderatedrinkingincreasesweight.B.Resveratrolisprovedtoincreasetheriskofbecomingfat.C.Theresearchfoundmoderatedrinkinghasastrongprotectiveeffect.D.Thespecificrolesofdifferenttypesofalcoholicdrinksareveryclear.24.Whatismostlikelytobediscussedintheparagraphthatfollows?A.Howtodosomeeasyexperiments.B.HowtoreducethecaloriescontainedinwinE.C.HowtoprovethefindingmentionedabovE.D.Howtomakewineinahealthyway.

Gettingridofdirtintheopinionofmostpeopleisagoodthing.Howeverthereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirt.Intheearly16thcenturypeoplethoughtthatdirtontheskinwasawaytopreventdiseaseasmedicalopinionhaditthatwashingoffdirtwithhotwatercouldopenuptheskinandletillsin.A.particulardangerwasthoughttoexistinpublicbaths.By1538theFrenchkinghadclosedthebathhousesinhiskingdom.SodidthekingofEnglandin1546.ThusbeganalongtimewhentherichandthepoorinEuropelivedwithdirtinafriendlyway.HenryIVkingofFrancewasfamouslydirty.Uponlearningthatanoblemanhadtakenabaththekingorderedthattoavoidtheattackofdiseasethenoblemanshouldnotgoout.Thoughthebeliefinthemerit优点ofdirtwaslong-liveddirthasnolongerbeenregardedasaniceneighboreversincethe18thcentury.Scientificallyspeakingcleaningawaydirtisgoodtohealth.CleanwatersupplyandhandwashingarepracticalmeansofpreventingdiseasE.YetitseemsthatstandardsofcleanlinesshavemovedbeyondsciencesinceWorldWarII.Advertisementsrepeatedlyselltheidea:clothesneedtobewhiterthanwhiteclothseversoftersurfacestoshinE.Hasthehatefordirthowevergonetoofar?Attitudestodirtstilldifferhugelynowadays.Manyfirst-timeparentsnervouslytrytowarntheirchildrenofftouchingdirtwhichmightberesponsibleforthespreadofdiseasE.OnthecontraryMaryRuebushanAmericanimmunologist免疫学家encourageschildrentoplayinthedirttobuildupastrongimmunesystem.AndthelatterpositionisgainingsomegrounD.24.ThekingsofFranceandEnglandinthe16thcenturyclosedbathhousesbecause.A.theylivedhealthilyinadirtyenvironmentB.TheybelieveddiseasecouldbespreadinpublicbathsC.theyconsideredbathingascauseofskindiseaseD.theythoughtbathhousesweretoodirtytostayin25.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesHenryIV’sattitudetobathing?A.CuriousB.ApprovingC.AfraidD.Uninterested26.Howdoesthepassagemainlydevelop?A.ByfollowingtheorderoftimE.B.Bymakingcomparison.C.ByprovidingexamplesD.ByfollowingtheorderofimportancE.27.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassages?A.Tostresstheroleofdirt.B.Tointroducethehistoryofdirt.C.Tocallattentiontothedangerofdirt.D.Topresentthechangeofviewsondirt.

Areyouagourmand美食主义者DoyouwanttoeateverydeliciousfoodintheworldThendoyouwatchthepopularprogramABiteofChinaisadocumentaryonChinesedeliciousfoodwhichhasbeenbroadcastedbyCCTV.Isthereanyholidaythatisn'tcelebratedwithaspecialfestivalfoodHereareseveraltraditionalChinesefoodsEggsholdaspecialmeaninginmanyculturesandChinaisnoexception.TheChinesebelieveeggsmeanproducingsomethingnew.Afterababyisbornparentsmayholdaredeggandgingerpartywheretheypassouteggstoannouncethebirth.InsomeareasofChinathenumberofeggsrepresentsthesexofthechildforexampleanoddnumberforagirlandanevennumberwhenaboyhasbeenborn.NoodlesareasymboloflonglifeinChineseculture.TheyareasmuchapartofaChinesebirthdaycelebrationasabirthdaycakewithlitcandlesisinmanycountries.Sincenoodlesrepresentlonglifeitisconsideredveryunluckytocutitoff.AlthoughwesternerssometimesmaybeverysorrytoseefishlyingonaplateinChinaawholefishisasymbolofrichness.Infactatapartyitistraditionaltoservethewholefishlastpointedtowardthevaluedguest.FishalsohasaspecialmeaningbecausetheChinesewordforfishyusoundslikethewordforrichnessorplentyanditisbelievedthateatingfishwillhelpyourwishescometrueintheyeartocome.AverypopulardishduringtheDragonBoatFestivalisZongzi.Thistastydishismadeofricedumplingswithmeatpeanutorotherdeliciousfoodinbambooleaves.ThetraditionofZongziismeanttoremindusofagreatpatriotQuYuan.The50﹣minuteprogramtriestobringsomethingnewbypresentingmoreculturalelementssuchaseatinghabitsandthequalityofeating.32.AbiteofChinais.A.adocumentaryB.abookC.amagazineD.anewspaper33.AgirlhasbeenborninMr.Li'shome.HowmanyredeggsmayhepassouttohisfriendsaccordingtoChinesetraditionA.twoeggsB.noneC.threeeggsD.sixeggs34.WhichofthefollowingisrightaccordingtothepassageA.WecancutbirthdaynoodlesoffinChinaifwethinktheyaretoolong.B.ItisimpolitetoserveawholefishlastatapartyinChina.C.Theprogramlastsforonehouronly.D.TherearemanykindsofZongziduringtheDragonBoatFestival.35.WhatdoesthewritermeaninthelastparagraphA.Thewriterthinkstheprogramistoolong.B.Thewriterthinkstheprogramhasmoremeaningsinsidethanthestoryitself.C.Thewriterthinkseveryonecanhaveagoodeatinghabitafterwatchingtheprogram.D.Thewriterthinkstheprogramhasbroughtmanykindsofdeliciousfoodtous.

Everyoneknowsthateatingtoomuchjunkfoodisnotgoodtoourhealth.Yetwhatisitaboutjunkfoodthatissocompletelyirresistible无可抗拒的?Foronethingit’severywherE.FromchipsinfastfoodrestaurantstocandyinsupermarketsjunkfoodalwaysseemsavailablE.Thankfullyscienceisnowprovidingnewcluestohelpusreducesnacking.Makefriendswithdainty讲究的eaters.Studieshavefoundthatpeopletendtoincreaseorreducetheamountoffoodtheyeatdependingonwhattheircompanionsaretakingin.Seehappymoviesandalwaysgetthesmallerbagofpopcorn爆米花.Accordingtosomeexpertspeopleeatupto29%morepopcorniftheyarewatchingasadorseriousmoviecomparedtowhentheyarewatchingacomedy.Viewersconsumedalmost200caloriesmorewhensnackingfromalargebucketasopposedtowhengivenamedium-sizedcontainer.Eatbreakfast.Nutritionistshavegonebackandforth来来回回aboutthequestionofhowmuchtoeatinthemorningbutnewstudiessuggestthatconsumingagoodbreakfastisamust.Surveysonlong-termweight-lossshowthattwokeyfactorsinkeepingweightdownareeatingbreakfastandexercising.Divideyourfoodandconquerovereating.Anykindofdividingyourfoodintoportionsslowsdownyoureating.Anykindofmarkermakesyouawareofwhatyou’reeatingandofportionsizE.Researchersadvisereallocating再分配snackfoodsintosmallplasticbags.Itsoundssimplisticbutitworks.32.Whydopeopleeattoomuchjunkfoodthoughitisbadforourhealth?A.It’sdeliciousfromchipstocandy.B.It’seasilytakeneverywherE.C.Becauseit’savailablehereandtherE.D.It’seasilyboughtinfastfoodrestaurants.33.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Peoplearelikelytoeatmorefoodwhenstayingwithfriends.B.Nutritionistshavethesameopinionabouthowmuchtoeatinthemorning.C.Peopleprefertosnackfromalargebucket.D.Ifpeoplearewatchingatragedytheyeatupto29%morepopcorn.34.Whatwillheorshedoifheorshewantstoloseweight?A.Toeatnothinginthemorning.B.ToeatbreakfastandexercisE.C.TogetupearlyandtogotobedlatE.D.Tosnackfromamedium-sizebucket.35.Whatisthetextmainlyabouttherules?A.howtoeatproperlyandhealthily.B.howtomakefriendswithdaintyeaters.C.howmuchtoeatinthemorning.D.howtocontrolovereating.

AlexandraScottwasborntoLizandJayScottinManchesterConnecticutonJanuary181996thesecondoffourchildren.ShortlybeforeherfirstbirthdayAlexwasdiagnosedwithneuroblastomaatypeofchildhoodcancer.OnherfirstbirthdaythedoctorsinformedAlex’sparentsthatifshebeathercanceritwasdoubtfulthatshewouldeverwalkagain.JusttwoweekslaterAlexslightlymovedherlegatherparents’requesttokick.Thiswasthefirstindicationthatshewouldturnouttobeacourageousandconfidentchildwithbigdreamsandbigaccomplishments.ByhersecondbirthdayAlexwasabletostandupwithlegbraces支架.Sheworkedhardtogainstrengthandtolearnhowtowalk.Sheappearedtobeovercomingthedifficul-tiesuntiltheshockingdiscoverywithinthenextyearthathertumors肿瘤hadstartedgrowingagain.Intheyear2000thedayafterherfourthbirthdayAlexreceivedastemcelltransplant干细胞移植andinformedhermotherWhenIgetoutofthehospitalIwanttohavealemonadestanD.ShesaidshewantedtogivethemoneytodoctorstoallowthemtohelpotherkidsliketheyhelpedmE.Truetoherwordsheheldherfirstlemonadestandlaterthatyearwiththehelpofherolderbrotherandraisedanamazing$2000forherhos-pitalPeoplefromallovertheworldmovedbyherstoryheldtheirownlemonadestandsanddonatedtheearningstoAlexandhercausE.InAugustof2004Alexpassedawayattheageof8knowingthatwiththehelpofothersshehadraisedmorethan$1milliontohelpfindacureforthediseasethattookherlifE.Alex’sfamily—includingbrothersPatrickEddieandJoey—andsupportersaroundtheworldarecommittedtocontinuingherinspiringcausethroughAlex’sLemonadeStandFoundation基金会.12.ItcanbelearnedfromthetextthatAlex____________.A.couldn’twalkuntilshewasfourB.wastheonlydaughteroftheScottsC.heldherfirstlemonadestandin2001D.wasbornwithcancer13.WhywasAlex’sLemonadeStandFoundationfounded?A.TopromoteherlemonadE.B.Tosetupachildren’shospital.C.ToattractpublicattentiontoherdiseasE.D.Tocollectmoneytohelpchildrenwithcancer.14.WhatdidthepublicdotosupportAlexandhercauseA.TheyhelpedherselllemonadE.B.Theyprovidedfreestandsforher.C.Theydonatedmoneytoherfoundation.D.Theydonatedstemcellsforheroperation.15.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeAlexA.Stubborn.B.DetermineD.C.Innocent.D.EnergetiC.

Lifeexpectancy预期寿命isrisinginmuchoftheworlD.Butdoctorsareseeinganothertrendthatisdisturbing.Somepeoplearechoosinglifestylesthatcontributetoearlydeath.A.newUSstudylooksatfourlifestylechoicesthatpreventpeoplefromstayinghealthyandlivinglonger.Itusedtoberareforpeopletoliveto100.ButbabiesbornintheUStodaycanhopetolivethatlong.Inthetwentiethcenturylifeexpectancyinwealthynationsincreasedbyasmuchas30years.AveragelifeexpectancyforAmericansis78.Butdoctorsareseeingpeopleadoptbadhabitsthatcancuttheirlivesshortsuchaseatingtoomuchoreatingtoomuchjunkfoodexercisingtoolittleandsmokingcigarettes.ThesehabitsincreasetheriskforcancerdiabetesheartdiseaseandstrokE.ResearchersatHarvardUniversityandtheUniversityofWashingtonwantedtofindouthowmanyyearsarelostwiththeselifestylechoices.WhatwefoundwasthathighbloodpressuresmokingandoverweightaccountforfiveyearsoflossoflifeexpectancyinmenandaboutfouryearsinwomenatthenationallevelGoodarzDaneaioneoftheprincipalresearcherssaiD.Theresearchersbrokedownthedataintoraceincomeandlocation.andtheyfoundevengreaterdifferences.Middle-incomewhiteshavethebestbloodpressurE.ButAsian-Americanshavefewestbadhabitsandthebesthealth.They’renotgettingheartdiseasebecauseoflowbloodpressuretheyarenotgettingcancerbecausetheyhavelowriskfactorsforcancerincludingsmokingDanaeisaiD.Theresearcherssaypublichealthofficialscouldusethestudytoplanprogramsthatwillhelppeoplemakebetterlifestylechoices.9.Somepeople’searlydeathistheresultoftheir.A.lifeexpectancyB.genesC.lifestylesD.hobbies10.BabiesbornnowadaysintheUScanbeexpectedto.A.liveto100B.livelessthan100C.live30yearslongerD.liveto7811.Highbloodpressuresmokingandoverweightcanleadto.A.fouryearsoflossofexpectancyinmenandfiveyearsinwomenB.fiveyearsoflossoflifeexpectancyinmenwhileaboutfouryearsinwomenC.fiveyearsoflossoflifeexpectancyinbothmenandwomenD.Nineyearsoflossoflifeexpectancyinbothmenandwomen12.ComparedwithAsian-Americansmiddle-incomewhiteshave.A.fewerbadhabitsB.betterhealthC.betterbloodpressureD.lowerriskofcancer

Whatwillhighereducationlooklikein2050?ThatwasthequestionaddressedTuesdaynightbyMichaelCrowpresidentofArizonaStateUniversity.We’reattheendofthefourthwaveofchangeinhighereducationCrowbeganarguingthatresearchuniversitiesfollowedtheinitialestablishmentofhighereducationpubliccollegesandland-grantschoolsinthetimelineofAmericA.Inlessthanahalf-centuryhesaidglobalmarketcompetitionwillbeatitsfastestratesofchangeeverwithseveralmultitrillion-dollareconomiesworldwidE.Accordingtoarecentprojectionthenation’spopulationcouldreach435millionwithalargepercentageofthoseresidentseconomicallydisadvantageD.InadditionclimatechangewillbemeaningfullyuncontrollableinmanypartsoftheworlD.TheeverydaytrendsseentodaysuchasdecliningperformanceofstudentsatalllevelsparticularlyinmathandscienceanddecliningwagesandemploymentamongthelesseducatedwillonlycontinueCrowmaintainedandaretosaytheleastnotcontributingtofulfillingthedreamofclimbingthesocialladdermobilityqualityoflifesustainableenvironmentandlongerlifespansthatmostAmericanssharE.Howisitthatwecanhavethesegreatresearchuniversitiesandhavenegative-trendingoutcomes?CrowsaidinatalkIholdtheuniversitiesaccountablE.Wearepartoftheproblem.AmongthethingsthatwedothatmakethethingsthatweteachlesslearnableCrowsaidarethestrictseparationofdisciplinesacademicrigidityandconservatismthedesireofuniversitiestoimitateschoolsatthetopofthesocialranksandthelackofthecomputersystemabilitythatwouldallowalargenumberofstudentstobeeducatedforasmallamountofmoney.Since2002whenCrowstartedbeinginchargeatArizonaState—whichhecallsthenewAmericanuniversity—hehasledmorethanthreedozeninitiativesthataimtomaketheschoolinclusivescalablefastadaptivechallenge-focusedandwillingtotakerisks.Amongthoseinitiativeswerearestructuringoftheengineeringandlifesciencesschoolstocreatemorelinkagesbetweendisciplines;thelaunchoftheSchoolofEarthandSpaceExplorationandtheSchoolofSustainability;thestartofaTeachersCollegetoaddressK-12performanceandincreasethestatusoftheEducationDepartmentattheuniversity;andbroadenedaccessincreasingthefreshmanclasssizeby42percentandtheenrollmentofstudentslivingbelowthepovertylineby500percent.UniversitiesmuststartCrownotedbybecomingself-reflectivearchitectsfiguringoutwhatwehaveandwhatweactuallyneedinsteadofwhatlegendtellsuswehavetobE.ResearchuniversitiestodayhaveruntheircourseheaddeD.Nowisthetimeforvariety.DuringadiscussionafterwardCrowclarifiedandexpandedonsomeofhispoints.Hediscussedforexampletheschool’sdistance-learningprogram.Nearly40percentofundergraduatesaretakingatleastonecourseonlinehesaidwhichhelpstheschooltokeepcostsdownwhileadvancinginteractivelearningtechnologies.HesaidthatArizonaStateisworkingtoincreasethetransferandcompletionratesofcommunity-collegestudentsofwhomonlyabout15percenthistoricallycompletetheirlaterdegrees.We’vebuiltasystemthatwillallowthemtotrackintouniversitiesparticularlywhereculturallycomplexbarriersbeyondfinanceslimiteventhemostgiftedstudents.66.ThefourthwaveofchangeinAmerica’shighereducationrefersto_______.A.publiccollegesB.land-grantschoolsC.researchuniversitiesD.initialhighereducation67.WhichisNOTpartoftheAmericandreammostpeopleshare?A.PeopleenjoyaqualitylifE.B.Peoplelivelongerandlonger.C.ThefreedomtomovearounD.D.AnenvironmentthatissustainablE.68.WhichisaninitiativeadoptedbyCrowatArizonaStateUniversity?A.RestructuringtheteachersCollegE.B.LaunchingtheSchoolofLifeSciences.C.Ignoringthelinkagesbetweendisciplines.D.Enrollingmorestudentsfrompoorfamilies.69.Whichoneissimilartotheunderlinedwordarchitectinmeaning?A.Theauthoroftheguidebookisanarchitectbyprofession.B.Ifyouwanttorefurnishthehouseconsultthearchitect.C.DengXiaopingisoneofthearchitectsofthePRC.D.TomisconsideredoneofthebestlandscapearchitectherE.70.Withthedistance-learningprogramArizonaStateUniversityisableto____________.A.enroll40%ofitsstudentsonlineB.keepcostsdownwithoutalossofqualityC.provideanevengreaternumberofcoursesD.attractthemostgiftedstudentsallovertheworld

It’sinterestingthattechnologyoftenworksasaservantforusyetfrequentlywebecomeaservanttoit.E-mailisausefultoolbutmanyfeelcontrolledbythisnewtool.Theaveragebusinesspersonisgettingabout80e-mailsperdayandmanyfeelthatabout80%ofthemessagesintheirInboxareoflittleornovaluE.SoIhavefoursuggestionstohelpyoutobecomebetteratErasingE-mail.1.Getoffthelists.Thebestwaytodealwithaproblemistoneverhaveit.Ifyouarereceivingalotofunwantede-mailsasktoberemovedfromthevariouslists.Thiswouldincludeyourinclusioninunwantedlists.2.Unlistedaddress.Justasyoukeepanunlistedtelephonenumberthatyoushareonlywiththosewhomyouwanttohavedirectaccesstoyoumightwanttogetaseparatee-mailaddressonlyfortheimportantcommunicationsyouwishtoreceivE.3.Checkitonceortwiceperday.ManyIspeakwitharebecomingchainedtotheiremailservermonitoringincomingemailcontinuously.Maybethisisbecausee-mailcreatesitsownsenseofurgencybutmostofthecommunicationsarenotallthaturgent.Irespondtothemacoupleoftimesperday.4.Dealwithit.Asyouopeneache-maildooneofthefollowing:A.Ifitrequiresaquickresponserespondtoitanddeleteit.B.Ifitrequiresaresponsebutisnotthebestuseofyourtimetrytofindsomeoneelsetodoit.C.IfitisgoingtotakeanyseriousamountoftimetorespondscheduleitforactioninyourDayPlannerandthendownloadthemessagesaveitorprintitoutforfutureaction.Ipersonallyreceiveabout250e-mailsperdayandbypracticingthesuggestionsaboveIcanhandlethatvolumeinaboutanhourtakingadvantageofthisfantastictoolbutnotbeingcontrolledbyittomakesureI’mdoingmoreimportanttasksinmyday.21.Fortheimportantcommunicationsthewritersuggeststhatyou______.A.haveadirectaccessforthemB.haveseverale-mailserversforthemC.getaseparatee-mailaddressforthemD.getanunlistedphonenumberforthem22.Toavoidbeingchainedbythecominge-mailswhatyoucandoisto________.A.respondurgentonesonlyB.replytoallofthematthesametimeC.handlethemacoupleoftimesdailyD.keepreplyingtoe-mailsalldaylong23.Todealwithane-mailyougetyoucandothefollowingEXCEPT_______.A.respondingrightawayifit’surgentB.downloadingeverye-mailbeforeyoureplyC.schedulingitforlaterreplyifittakesmuchtimeD.askingsomeoneelsetoreplytoitifit’snotatyourconvenience

HoneyfromtheAfricanforestisnotonlyakindofnaturalsugaritisalsodelicious.Mostpeopleandmanyanimalslikeeatingit.Howevertheonlywayforthemtogetthathoneyistofindawildbees'nestandtakethehoneyfromit.Oftenthesenestsarehighupintreesanditisdifficulttofindthem.InpartsofAfricathoughpeopleandanimalslookingforhoneyhaveastrangeandunexpectedhelper—alittlebirdcalledahoneyguidE.Thehoneyguidedoesnotactuallylikehoneybutitdoeslikethewax蜂蜡inthebeehives蜂房.Thelittlebirdcannotreachthiswaxwhichisdeepinsidethebees'nest.Sowhenitfindsasuitablenestitlooksforsomeonetohelpit.ThehoneyguidegivesaloudcrythatattractstheattentionofbothpassinganimalsandpeoplE.Onceithastheirattentionitfliesthroughtheforestwaitingfromtimetotimeforthecuriousanimalorpersonasitleadsthemtothenest.Whentheyfinallyarriveatthenestthefollowerreachesintogetatthedelicioushoneyasthebirdpatientlywaitsandwatches.SomeofthehoneyandthewaxalwaysfallstothegroundandthisiswhenthehoneyguidetakesitssharE.Scientistsdonotknowwhythehoneyguidelikeseatingthewaxbutitisverydeterminedinitseffortstogetit.Thebirdsseemtobeabletosmellwaxfromalongdistanceaway.Theywillquicklyarrivewheneverabeekeeperistakinghoneyfromhisbeehivesandwillevenenterchurcheswhenbeeswaxcandlesarebeinglit.21.Whyisitdifficulttofindawildbees'nest?A.It'ssmallinsizE.B.It'shiddenintrees.C.It'scoveredwithwax.D.It'shardtorecognizE.22.Whatdothewordsthefollowerinparagraph2referto?A.A.beE.B.A.birD.C.A.honeyseeker.D.A.beekeeper.23.Thehoneyguideisspecialintheway.A.itgetsitsfoodB.itgoestochurchC.itsingsintheforestD.itreachesintobees'nests24.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WildBeesB.WaxandHoneyC.BeekeepinginAfricaD.Honey—Lover'sHelper

Manydriverssaythelargedigitalbillboards电子屏幕flashingadseveryfewsecondsalongBayAreafreewaysarejusttoobrightandtoodistracting令人分心的.Andtheymayberight.ASwedishstudypublishedinthejournalTrafficInjuryPreventionconcludesthatdigitalbillboardsholdthegazesofdriverslongerthantwoseconds.Previousstudieshaveshownthatanythingthattakesadriver’seyesofftheroadforthatlengthoftimeincreasestherisksofacrash.ThisstudyproveswhatiscommonsensewhenitcomestodigitalbillboardssaysMaryTracypresidentofScenicAmericaanationalnonprofitgroupthatseekstolimitbillboards.Brightconstantlychangingsignsonthesidesofroadsaremeanttoattractandkeeptheattentionofdriversandthisstudyprovesthatthisisexactlywhattheydo.TheFederalHighwayAdministrationalloweddigitalsignsforthefirsttimein2007afterconcludingtheydidnotposeamajordanger.Butafollow-upreportispending待定的andcouldbereleasedthisyear.Californiahasnolawbanning禁止thebillboardsandisoneof39statesthatallowsthem.Wewouldneedtoreviewmoreresearchsoit’stooearlytocallforabansaysJonathanAdkinsexecutivedirectoroftheGovernorsHighwaySafetyAssociation.Thereisarolefordigitalmessagingsuchasconveyingemergentinformationandothersafetymessages.Therearemorethan1800digitalbillboardsnationwidemorethandoublethenumberfiveyearsago.AlthoughnoevidenceshowsanincreaseinaccidentsbecauseoftheBayAreasignsmanydriversareopposedtothem.MonstrositiesiswhatMerlinDorfmanofSanJosecallsthemwhileinsuranceagentDavidWhitlocksayshehasfoundthemamajordistraction.They’remuchtoobrightatnighthesays.Whenadigitalbillboardswitchesfromabrightcolortoadarkeroneyoureyescannotadjustfastenoughandyouenduplosingsightoftheroadway.Officialswithsigncompaniescouldnotbereachedforcomment评论butBryanParkeranexecutivevicepresidentforClearChannelOutdoortoldUSATodaylastyearthatthere’snodoubtinmymindthattheyarenotadrivingdistraction.67.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Thebrightnessofdigitalbillboardsisharmfultopeople’seyes.B.TheFederalHighwayAdministrationbanneddigitalsignsin2013.C.ThereisevidenceshowingthatdigitalbillboardscanleadtoanincreaseinaccidentsD.Digitalbillboardsareusedtoconveymessages.68.Whatdowelearnfromthetext?A.ScenicAmericaisanorganizationthatapprovesofdigitalbillboards.B.DriversintheBayAreaareagainstthedigitalbillboards.C.Californiahasbanneddigitalbillboards.D.Therewereabout1800digitalbillboardsnationwidefiveyearsago.69.WhatisBryanParker’sattitudetowardsdigitalbillboards?A.SupportivE.B.Neutral中立的C.Opposed反射的.D.Uncertain.70.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Studieshaveshowndigitalbillboardsposeadangertodrivers.B.People’seyescannotadjustfastenoughtothebrightnessofdigitalbillboards.C.A.studysaysflashingdigitalbillboardsaretoodistracting.D.Expertsdoubtitisnecessarytostopdigitalbillboards.

Astudyof27000menshowedthoseskipping不吃breakfastwereatagreaterriskofheartproblems.TheBritishHeartFoundationsaidbreakfasthelpedpeopleresist抵制sugarysnacksbeforelunch.Themenaged45-82werestudiedfor16years.Duringthattimethereweremorethan1500heartattacksorcasesofdeadlyheartfailurE.Howeverpeoplewhoskippedbreakfastwere27%morelikelytohaveheartproblemsthanthosewhostartedthedaywithameal.Theresearcherstookintoconsiderationotherlifestyleriskfactors因素suchassmokingandexercisE.ResearcherDrLeahCahilltoldtheBBC:Thetake-homemessageistoeatinthemorningwhenyouwakeuppreferablywithinanhour.Theresultsshowthatsomethingisbetterthannothingbutit’salwaysbettertohavesomethinghealthyandbalanceD.Shesaidthetimingofthemealseemedtobekeyandwaitinguntillunchratherthanhavingbreakfastmaybestraining损伤thebodyovertimE.Thiscouldbeincreasingtheriskofhighbloodpressureandfatnesswhichcouldinturndamagetheheart.Don’tskipbreakfastDrCahillsuggesteD.VictoriaTayloranexpertwiththeBritishHeartFoundationsaid:Theseresearchersonlylookedatmenagedover45sowewouldneedtoseefurtherresearchtoprovethatbreakfasthasthesameeffectonthehearthealthofothergroupsofpeoplE.Whatwedoknowisthatahealthybreakfastcanmakethatmid-morningbiscuitlesstemptingaswellasgivingyouanotheropportunitytowidenthevarietyoffoodsinyourdiet.Cereals谷类食品withlowfatmilkareagoodwaytostarttheday.Tryabananaordriedfruitontopandyou’llbeonyourwaytoafinedaybeforeyou’veevenleftthehousE.28.Whatdoesthetextmainlydealwith?A.Theeffectsofsnacksonthehealthoftheheart.B.AninterviewbytheBBConpeople’slifestyles.C.Whatahealthyandbalanceddietshouldcontain.D.Therelationshipbetweenbreakfastandahealthyheart.29.DrLeahCahill’ssuggestionisthatweshould_____.A.fixthetimeforeachmealweeatinadayB.makesureourbreakfastisalwaysbalancedC.eatourbreakfastimmediatelyaftergettingupD.havebreakfastwithinanhourafterwakingup30.Theunderlinedwordtemptinginthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto_____.A.attractiveB.valuableC.obviousD.familiar31.AccordingtoVictoriaTaylor_____.A.menover45aremorelikelytogetheartdiseasesB.freshfruitslikebananasarenecessaryforahealthybreakfastC.it’shealthytoeatsomebiscuitbetweenbreakfastandlunchD.theresearchersshouldhavecoveredotheragegroupsintheirstudy

Formorethantwentyyearsscientistshavebeenseekingtounderstandthemysteryofthesixthsenseofdirection.Bytryingoutideasandsolvingproblemsonebyonetheyarenowgettingclosertooneanswer.Onefunnyideaisthatanimalsmighthaveabuilt-incompass.Ourearthitselfisabigmagnet磁体.Soalittlemagneticneedlethatswingsfreelylinesitselfwiththebigearthmagnettopointnorthandsouth.Whenpeoplediscoveredthatideaaboutathousandyearsagoandinventedthecompassitallowedsailorstonavigateonoceanvoyagesevenundercloudyskies.ActuallytheideaofthelivingcompasscamejustfromobservinganimalsinnaturE.Manybirdsmigratetwiceayearbetweentheirsummerhomesandwinterhomes.Someofthemflyforthousandsofkilometersandmostlyatnight.Experimentshaveshownthatsomebirdscanrecognizestarpatterns.Buttheycankeeponcourseevenundercloudyskies.Howcantheydothat?Acommonbirdthatdoesnotmigratebutisgreatatfindingitswayhomeisthehomingpigeon.NotallpigeonscanfindtheirwayhomE.Thosethatcanareverygoodatitandtheyhavebeenwidelystudied.Oneinterestingexperimentwastoattachlittlemagnetstothebirds’headstoblocktheirmagneticsense——justasaloudradiocankeepyoufromhearingacalltodinner.Onsunnydaysthatdidnotfoolthepigeons.Evidentlytheycanusethesuntotellwhichwaytheyaregoing.Butoncloudydaysthepigeonswithmagnetscouldnotfindtheirway.ItwasasifthemagnetshadblockedtheirmagneticsensE.Similarexperimentswiththesamekindofresultsweredonewithmammals.Theseanimalsalsoseemtohaveaspecialsenseofdirection.28.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.A.greatinvention——CompassB.SixsenseofdirectionC.MethodsoffindingdirectionsD.A.built-incompassinanimals29.Whatcontributestothepigeon’sgoodsenseofdirectionaccordingtothepassage?A.Theinventionofthecompass.B.Theexistenceoftheirlivingcompass.C.Therecognitionofstarpatterns.D.Thedisturbanceofcloudyweather.30.Whatanimalexperimentsmightbetalkedaboutafterthispassage?A.snakesB.eaglesC.dogsD.Bees

Doyouknowhowitiswhenyouseesomeoneyawnandyoustartyawningtoo?Orhowharditistobeamongpeoplelaughingandnotlaughyourself?Wellapparentlyit'sbecausewehavemirrorneurons神经元inourbrains.Putsimplytheexistenceofmirrorneuronssuggeststhateverytimeweseesomeoneelsedosomethingourbrainsimitate模仿itwhetherornotweactuallyperformthesameaction.Thisexplainsagreatdealabouthowwelearntosmiletalkwalkdanceorplaysports.Buttheideagoesfurther:mirrorneuronsnotonlyappeartoexplainphysicalactionstheyalsotellusthatthereisabiologicalbasisforthewayweunderstandotherpeoplE.Mirrorneuronscanundoubtedlybefoundalloverourbrainsbutespeciallyintheareaswhichrelatetoourabilitytouselanguagesandtounderstandhowotherpeoplefeel.ResearchershavefoundthatmirrorneuronsrelatestronglytolanguagE.A.groupofresearchersdiscoveredthatiftheygavepeoplesentencestolistentoforexample:Thehandtookholdoftheballthesamemirrorneuronsweretriggeredaswhentheactionwasactuallyperformedinthisexampleactuallytakingholdofaball.Anyproblemswithmirrorneuronsmaywellresultinproblemswithbehavior.Muchresearchsuggeststhatpeoplewithsocialandbehavioralproblemshavemirrorneuronswhicharenotfullyfunctioning.Howeveritisnotyetknownexactlyhowthesediscoveriesmighthelpfindtreatmentsforsocialdisorders.Researchintomirrorneuronsseemstoprovideuswithevenmoreinformationconcerninghowhumansbehaveandinteract互动.Indeeditmayturnouttobetheequivalent相等物forneuroscienceofwhatEinstein'stheoryofrelativitywasforphysics.Andthenexttimeyoufeeltheurgetocoughinthecinemawhensomeoneelsedoes—wellperhapsyou'llunderstandwhy.42.Mirrorneuronscanexplain_____.A.whywecrywhenwearehurtB.whywecoughwhenwesufferfromacoldC.whywesmilewhenweseesomeoneelsesmileD.whyweyawnwhenweseesomeoneelsestayuplate43.Theunderlinedwordtriggeredinthethirdparagraphprobablymeans____.A.setoffB.cutoffC.builtupD.brokenup44.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatmirrorneurons_____.A.relatetohumanbehaviorandinteractionB.controlhumanphysicalactionsandfeelingsC.resultinbadbehaviorandsocialdisordersD.determineourknowledgeandlanguageabilities45.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Waystofindmirrorneurons.B.Problemsofmirrorneurons.C.Existenceofmirrorneurons.D.Functionsofmirrorneurons.

HaveyouseenapictureofGeorgeWashingtonlately?TakealookatadollarorcheckoutabookonWashingtonfromthelibrary.Youprobablywon’tfindanypicturesofhimsmiling.DidthepainterforgettotellthePresidenttosaycheese?ActuallyWashingtonbeganlosinghisteethatage22andwasentirelytoothlessbyage64.Mostofhispictureswerepaintedwhileheworedentures假牙.Hisvarioussetsofdenturesweremadefrombothanimalandhumanteeth.Theseteethwereheldtogetherwithsprings弹簧sopowerfulthatGeorge’sjaws颚hadtoworkhardtokeeptheupperandlowerpartstogether.Ifherelaxedhismouthwouldopen!ThismaybethereasonwhyWashingtonalwayslookssosterninhispictures.Washingtonlivedinthe1700satimewhenpeopledidn’ttakecareoftheirteeththewaywedotoday.Theydidn’thavetoothpastewithfluorideachemicalthatpreventsteethfrombecomingbad.Mostpeopleusedpowderedchalktocleantheirteeth.Somepeoplehadtoothbrushesmadeofanimalhairswithwoodormetalhandles.Backthenpeopledidn’tvisitthedentisteverysixmonthsforacheckupandcleaning.George’sdentistJohnGreenwoodlivedandworkedinNewYork.WashingtonregularlymailedhisdenturestoGreenwoodsotheycouldberepaireD.Otherwisehewouldseehisdentistonlytohaveteethtakenoutbecausetheycausedhimpain.DuringtheAmericanRevolutionaryWarGeneralWashington’steethbotheredhimsomuchthathesentfortheFrenchdentistLaMayeur.Todaywedon’thavetosufferlikeGeorgediD.Sothenexttimesomeonetakesyourpictureshowoffyourteethandsaycheese!32.TherearefewpicturesofWashingtonsmilingbecausewhenhispicturewaspainted_____.A.hehadtotrytokeephisfalseteethinB.thepainterforgottotellhimtosmileC.hewasunhappytobeapainter’smodelD.thepainterdidn’tdrawhisteeth33.TheunderlinedwordsterninParagraph2probablymeans_____.A.happyB.puzzledC.seriousD.confident34.InWashington’stime_____.A.peoplewereunwillingtocleantheirteethB.peopleusedtoothpastetocleantheirteethC.therewasnowaytostopteethbecomingbadD.thereweretoothbrushesmadeofanimalhairs35.WhatcanweknowaboutGeorgeWashington?A.Hesaidcheesewhenhispicturewasbeingtaken.B.Heandhisdentistlivedinthesamecity.C.Hesufferedalotfromlosingteeth.D.HegotmedicalcareonlyfromGreenwooD.

ClimatechangewillincreaseUSwildfiresandthesmokyairwillcauseterribleproblemsinareasfarbeyondthoseburnedreportsanenvironmentalgroupThursday.Two-thirdsofAmericansornearly212millionlivedinstatessufferingfromwildfiresmokethreeyearsagoaccordingtothereportbytheNaturalResourcesDefenseCouncilNRDC.Theseareaswhichhadsmokeforatleastaweekwerenearly50timesgreaterthanthoseburneddirectlybyfirE.ItaffectsamuchwideareaoftheUnitedStatesthanpeoplehaverealizeD.saysauthorKimKnowltonaColumbiaUniversityhealthprofessoraddingthesmokecanmoveuptohundredsofmiles.Shesaysthesmokecontainsairpollutionandcancauseseveralkindsofdiseases.Texaswashithardestin2011whensmokestayedforatleastaweekinareasthatarehometo25millionpeopleaccordingtoNRDC’sreport.Illinoiswhichrecordednowildfireswithinitsborderscamesecondwithnearly12millionpeopleaffectedbysmokethatmovedinfromelsewhere.Theothereightstateswiththemostpeopleintouchwithsmokyairwereindescendingorder:FloridaMissouriGeorgiaLouisianaMichiganAlabamaOklahomaandIowA.Nearlytwodozenstateshadnowildfireswithintheirbordersin2011buteightofthemstillhadatleastoneweekofsmokyair:IllinoisMissouri.IowaKansasNebraskaIndianaWisconsinandOhio.Only18statesandtheDistrictofColumbiahadnopeopleintouchwithatleastaweekofsmokethatyearalthoughfiveofthem—AlaskaCaliforniaHawaiiNevadaandUtah—hadalargeareaburnedbywildfires.TheproblemwillonlygetworseKnowltonsays.Scientificresearchshowsclimateiscausinghighertemperaturesandhealthproblems.28.Wecanlearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphsthat_______.A.climatechangekilledmanyAmericansB.therearefewerstatesburnedbywildfiresC.everystatehadwildfiresmokeforatleastaweekD.mostAmericanssufferedfromwildfiresmoke3yearago29.Whichofthefollowingstateshadwildfireswithinitsbordersin2011?A.Iowa.B.Kansas.C.Ohio.D.California.30.Theunderlinedworddescendinginthefourthparagraphprobablymeans_______.A.goingdownB.comingtrueC.lookingpracticalD.turningback31.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Climatechangecausesmorewildfires.B.Wildfiresmokebecomesaserioushealthproblem.C.Morewildfirescauseclimatechanges.D.Airpollutionbecomesaterribleproblem.

InthefamousfairytaleSnowWhiteeatstheQueen’sappleandfallsvictimtoacurse;inShakespeare’snovelRomeodrinksthepoisonanddies;someancientChineseemperorstookpillsthatcontainedmercurybelievingthatitwouldmakethemliveforeverbuttheydiedafterwarD.Poisonhaslongbeenanimportantingredientinliteratureandhistoryanditseemstoalwaysbeconnectedwithevildangeranddeath.Buthowmuchdoyoureallyknowaboutpoison?AnexhibitionThePowerofPoisonopenedlastmonthattheAmericanMuseumofNaturalHistoryinNewYorkintendedtogivetheaudienceamorevividunderstandingofpoison.TheexhibitionwillcontinueuntilAugustreportedTheNewYorkTimes.Themuseumtourstartsinarainforestsettingwhereyoucanseeliveexamplesofsomeofthemostpoisonousanimals:caterpillars毛虫frogsandspiders.Goldenpoisonfrogsforinstancearen’tmuchbiggerthanacoinbuttheirskiniscoveredinapoisonthatcancutoffthesignalingpowerofyournervesandasinglefroghasenoughvenom毒液tokill10grownhumans.Theexhibitionalsofeaturesinteractiveactivities.InaniPad-basedgamevisitorsarepresentedwiththreepuzzlingillnessesandaskedtoidentifythepoisonsbasedonsignsandsymptoms.Inonecaseforexampleapetdogisfoundsickinabackyardandvisitorshavetofigureoutwhetheritwasthetoad蟾蜍theleakybatteriesinthetrashorthedirtypondwaterthatdidit.''Poisonscanbebadforsomethings''MichaelNovacekseniorvicepresidentofthemuseumtoldNBCNews.''Yettheycanalsobegoodforothers.''Thisiswhatvisitorslearnfromthelastpartoftheexhibitionwhichdisplayshowpoisonscanbeusedfavorablybyhumansincludingformedicaltreatment.Thebloodtoxinsofvampirebatsforexamplecanpreventbloodfromclotting凝结whichmayprotectagainststrokes中风.A.poisonouschemicalfoundintheyewtreeiseffectiveagainstcancerwhichiswhatledtotheinventionofacancer-fightingdrugcalledTaxol.OnechemicalinthevenomofGilamonsterscanlowerthebloodsugarofitsvictimssoithasbeenusedtotreatdiabetes.ThebenefitsfromnaturalpoisonsarenotlimitedtojustmedicinE.Believeitornotmanythingsthatweregularlytakein–chilicoffeeandchocolateetC.–owetheirspecialflavorsoreffectstochemicalsthatplantsmaketopoisoninsects.33.BymentioningSnowWhiteandRomeoatthebeginningofthestorytheauthorintendsto________.A.drawreaders’attentiontothetopicofthearticleB.showthatpoisonisalwayslinkedwithevilanddeathC.showthatpoisonhaslongbeeninvolvedinliteratureD.getreaderstothinkofmoreexamplesoftheuseofpoisoninstories34.WhatisthemainpurposeoftheexhibitionThePowerofPoison?A.Toinformpeopleaboutwhichanimalsarethemostpoisonous.B.Toteachpeoplehowtohandlepoisonousanimals.C.Togivepeoplemorein-depthknowledgeaboutpoison.D.Toshowhowpoisonhasbeenusedformedicaltreatment.35.WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheexhibitionisTRUEaccordingtothearticle?A.Theexhibitionwillleadvisitorstoarealrainforest.B.ThosewhovisittheexhibitioncanjoininsomeiPad-basedinteractivegames.C.Goldenpoisonfrogsarethemostpoisonousanimalsondisplay.D.Visitorscanlistentolecturesonrecentstudiesofpoisonousanimals.

LastyearCongressissuedamoralcalltoactionwhenitorderedtheNationalInstitutesofHealthtoreevaluateitsethicaloversight伦理上的疏忽ofgovernment-fundedprimate灵长类research.AlthoughthescientificcommunitywidelyseesnonhumanprimatesasessentialforadvancesinbiomedicinetheyhavecausedmajorgainsinthefightsagainstAIDSandneurologicaldiseasessuchasParkinson’sforexampleresearchersagreemorecanbedonetotreattheanimalsmorehumanelyandconductresearchlesswastefully.TothatendtheNIHgatheredfamousscientistslastSeptembertodiscussthefutureofprimate-basedresearch—andtheyagreedthatdatasharingisthewayforwarD.ResearcherscouldreduceexperimentsonnonhumanprimatesbystudyingdatathathavealreadybeencollectedtoanswernewquestionssaysDavidO’ConnorapathologistattheUniversityofWisconsin–Madison.O’Connoriswalkingthewalk:hislaboratorystudiestheZikavirusinprimatesandheimmediatelypostsalltheresultsonlinE.ThegoalistofigureoutwaystofightZikaasquicklyaspossiblewithoutplacinganundueburdenonresearchprimates.TheSeattle-basedAllenInstituteforBrainSciencewhichusesrhesusmacaquessmallSouthAsianmonkeystostudythemolecularbasisofbraindevelopmentalsomakesallresultspubliC.O’Connorsaysthispracticeshouldbemorewidespreadsothatresearcherswhoareusingthisscarcebutvitalresourcecanlearnasmuchaspossiblefromasfewanimalsasnecessary.Stillheisskepticalthatdatasharingwillcatchonbecauseitwouldrequireachangeinnormativebehavior—science’sstrongcultureofsecrecyinwhichdataarekeptunderwrapsuntiltheyarepublishedinapeer-reviewedjournal.OnesteptowardfulltransparencyistofollowtheleadofhumanclinicaltrialssaysChristineGradyabioethicistattheNIH.U.S.lawrequiresmostclinicaltrialstoregisteronlineandmaketheirresultspublicevenifastudyfailsorisinconclusivE.Thisensuresthatotherresearcherscanlearnfromatrialregardlessofitsresults—amovethatcouldalsosafeguardprimatesagainstbeingusedforthesamethingtwicE.NancyHaigwooddirectoroftheOregonNationalPrimateResearchCenteralsosaysdatasharingisthewayofthefuturE.Hercenterhosts4800primatestostudyavarietyofhumandiseases.ShecurrentlycontributesresultsfromhercentertoO’Connor’sWebsitE.Idon’tseeadrawbackshesays.Wehavetosharedatamorequickly.61.WhatdoesCongressthinkoftheprimateresearch?A.IthasdoneagreatdealofgoodtoadvancesinbiomedicinE.B.Itisahugewasteofmoneytoconductresearchonprimates.C.Primate-basedresearchmustbestoppedformoralreasons.D.Properattentionshouldbegiventotreatingprimateshumanely.62.TheunderlinedphrasewalkingthewalkinParagraph2showsthatO’Connor_______.A.istheleaderinfightingZikavirusinprimatesB.iswalkingawayfromhisownresponsibilityC.iscarryingoutwhathehassaidheshoulddoD.istakingatoughroadwhenpostinghisdata63.AccordingtoO’Connorwhatmightpreventscientistsfromsharingtheirdata?A.Thedeep-rootedculturethatdatashouldbekeptsecretuntilpublisheD.B.Thefactthatscientistsarereluctanttochangetheirwayofresearch.C.TherequirementthatmostclinicaltrialsshouldberegisteredonlinE.D.ThefearthattheywillbelaughedatifastudyfailsorisinconclusivE.64.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheMercilessPracticeofPrimateResearchB.ToTreatPrimatesMoreHumanely:TransparencyC.ToAbandonExperimentsonPrimates:FinalGoalD.T.heBurdenofResearchonNonhumanPrimates

Dinosaursruledtheplanetformillionsofyearsandtheyaregenerallybelievedtohavegoneextinct.Buttherealityisthatmodernversionsofdinosaursareallaroundus.Scientistshavebeenexploringsimilaritiesbetweenbirdsanddinosaurs;andnewresearchshowsthatthesetwotypesofanimalsaredirectlylinkeD.TheconnectionsbetweenbirdsanddinosaursareexploredinanewmuseumexhibitcalledDinosaursAmongUsattheAmericanMuseumofNaturalHistoryinNewYorkCity.AccordingtoMarkNorellthedirectoroftheexhibitandanexpertatthemuseumitisbasedonnewscientificevidencecollectedoverthelasttwodecades.IthinkthisisreallygoingtoshakeupthewaypeoplethinkofdinosaursNorelltoldreporters.Onecouldarguethatwestillliveintheageofdinosaurs.Theexhibitincludesancientfossilsandlifelikemodelsofdinosaursofallsizestoshowtheevolutionofdinosaursintobirds.Itexaminesseveralpropertiesthataresharedbetweenthetwospeciesincludingfeatherscomplexbrainstheshapes.Andsizesofeggsandtheabilitytofly.Birdstodaymakenestslayeggsandtendtobabies.Fossilresearchshowsthatsomedinosaursalsomadenestsandlaideggs.Alsobirdshavehollow中空的boneswhichdon’tweighmuchandallowbirdstotakemoreairintotheirlungs.Theseadaptationshelpwithflight.Somedinosaurshadthesepropertiesaswell.Inadditiontheexhibitshowsthattherearemanysimilaritiesbetweenthelegsclaws;andfeetofdinosaursandbirds.Norellnotedthattheresearchbehindthisexhibitistheresultofadvancedscientifictechniques;andnewtechnologies.Forexampleresearchersusedascanning扫描processcalledcomputedtomographyCTtolookinsidethebrainsofextinctdinosaurs.ItcombineswithmanyX-raystoproducea3DimagE.ModerntechnologytellsusmorethanwethoughtwecouldeverknowabouttheconnectionsbetweendinosaursandbirdsNorellsaiD.32.What'sthemainideaofthistext?A.Experts.havediscoveredmanydinosaurs'fossils.B.A.newmuseumhasopenedforvisitorstoNewYorkCity.C.Researchhasbeendoneonthelifestylesofbirdsanddinosaurs.D.Anexhibitshowstheconnectionsbetweenbirdsanddinosaurs.33.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordpropertiesinParagraph4mean?A.Advantages.B.Characters.C.Changes.D.Activities.34.Oneofthesimilaritiesthatdinosaursandbirdsshareliesin________A.theirlungsB.theirlightbonesC.theshapesoftheirnestsD.thenumberoftheireggs35.WhatdidMarkNorelltrytoshowbymentioningCT?A.Theimportanceoftheresearch.B.Whatconnectsdinosaursandbirds.C.Theapplicationofmoderntechnology.D.Howdinosaurslivedmillionsofyearsago.

Backin2001PenHadowandItraveledtotheNorthPolE.Onemorningwe’djusttakendownourtentandstartedskiing.PenwasinfrontandIwasfollowinghim.SuddenlyIgotastrangefeelingthatsomethingwasbehindus.Istoppedlookedbackandsawapolarbearwalkingtowardsus.PenandIplannedtostaywhereweweretryandlookbigandfrightenitaway.Penhadashotgunthatwe’dboughtinRussiA.ThatwashisjoB.Myjobwastolookbigandtotakeoffmyskisholdtheskisintheairmakelotsofnoiseandfrightenawaythebear.Penraisedthegunandfiredintotheair.Howeveritjammedandfailedtowork.Thebearwaswalkingtowardsus.Pentriedagainbutagainitdidn’twork.ThenhewalkedtowardsthebearandIthoughtWowPen’sgonecompletelymaD.He’sgoingtogeteaten.WhatshouldIdo?IthoughtmaybeIcouldthrowaskiatitorstab刺itwithaskipoleorsomething.SuddenlythebearstoppeD.PenstoppeD.Bang.Thegunwentoffintheair.TherewasabigcloudofsmokethatIthoughtsurprisedPenandmemorethanitsurprisedthebear.Theanimallookeduplookeddownturnedaroundandwalkedoff.PenturnedroundandsaidQuickgetthecameraandtakeaphotographandthatwaswhensuddenlyIfeltreallynervous.Icouldn’tevenundotheziponourbag.Thatwasthemorningoftheseconddayofthisjourney.Wewereouttherefortwomonths—fifty-ninedaysbutweneversawanotherbearthatclosE.21.WhathappenedtotheauthorandPen?A.Theylosttheirway.B.Theyfeltterriblyill.C.Theybroketheirtent.D.Theywerefollowedbyabear.22.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthorandPen?A.CalmandbravE.B.CaringandprouD.C.Honestandfriendly.D.Carefulandhumorous.23.Whofrightenedthebearawayintheend?A.Theauthor.B.A.hunter.C.Pen.D.Anotheranimal.24.Inthetexttheauthormainlytalksabout_____.A.hisdiscoveryintheNorthPoleB.hisexperienceintheNorthPoleC.whyhetraveledtotheNorthPoleD.howhetraveledacrosstheNorthPole

Electronicsensorsbuiltintopapercouldbeusedinarangeofwaysfrominformationstor­agetotouchscreensandmorE.Electronicsensorsbuiltintocartons纸盒maymakeiteasiertotellwhenit’stimetothrowoutrottenmilkororangejuicE.Andthat’sjustthestart.Atleastthat’sthegoalforre­searchersworkingonputtingelectronicsintopaper.They’retryingtofigureouthowtocombinetheflexibilitylow-costandrecyclabilityofpaperwiththeinformation-carryingabilityofelectronics.DanielTorbjorkaphysicsgraduatestudentinFinlandhasbeenworkingontheproblem.He’spublishedareviewofthefieldinthethejournalAdvancedMaterials.MuchresearchhasbeenfocusedinthisareA.Whilemostelectronicapplicationsrequirepatternedconducting传导的structuresconductivepapercouldbeusedinapplicationssuchasenergystoragedevices.sensorselectricheatersandothersaccordingtoTorbjork.YoucouldevenhavesomeinteractivefunctionsinmagazinesTorbjorksaidYoucouldputasimplegameinapackagE.Ifyouwantatouchscreenpressabuttonandthensomethinghappen.SensorsinpapercouldtelluswhensomethinghasgonebaD.AdditionalapplicationssuchasinformationstorageandsecuritypaperhavebeensuggestedformagneticpaperscontainingmagnetitE.InMassachusettsresearchershavefiguredouthowtopostavideoofsuchadeviceputintoapaperairplanE.Germanresearchershavealsoputelectronicchipsinpaperbanknotestodefendcounter-feiters造伪币者.Paperisagoodmaterialbutprintingelectronicsalsorequireslow-costmanufacturing.AsmanyUSandEuropeanpapermakerslosemarketsharetocheaperpaperfromChinathesebigpapercompaniesarelookingforaddedvalueproducts.That’swhereelectronicpaperdevicescouldmakeadifferencE.Themajorobstaclesarepaper’slargesurfaceroughnessandchemicalimpurities.Torbjorksays.ButothersinthefieldthinkthatelectronicsensorsinpaperarestillfarfromtheconsumermarketplacE.Idontthinkitsgoingtohappen.saidRoyHorgan.YouneedaconductivesurfacE.Itcouldbe10yearsout.Whatwearelookingforaresolutionsthatyoucancommercializeto­day.SolarPrintispartneringwithItalianautomakerFiattodevelopauniqueauto-glasswithtinyphotostaticcells光电thatcancaptureelectricityfromthesun.Inthemeantimeusingpapertoconductelectricityisstillablue-skyproject.IwouldlovetoSeesomeoneprovemewrongbecausethatmeansthatit’sactuallyhap­pening.HorgansaiD.Ifsomeonecomesupwithconductivepaperthenthat’saveryinter­estingtechnology.61.Puttingelectronicsintopaperwill________.A.cutthecostandimpurityofpaperB.dependonflexibleconductivestructureC.helpconsumerottenmilkororangejuiceD.combinetheadvantagesofpaperandelectronics62.Paragraphs4to7mainlytalkaboutthe________oftheconductivepaper.A.practicaluseB.theoriesC.structuresD.designprocess63.Somepapermakerswelcomethenewtechnologyprobablybecauseitwill________.A.putanendtofakemoneyB.makethepapersmootherC.addmorevaluetopaperD.improvetheprintingtechnology64.FromthepassageweknowthatRoyHorgan________.A.hasaburningdesiretomakeagreatprofitB.showedmuchinterestinSolarPrintindustryC.isnotconfidentabouttheconductivepaperD.startedablue-skyprojecttostudypaper

Recentlytherewasamajordiscoveryinthescientificresearch—themappingofallDNAinahumangene基因iscomplete.Coupleofyearsagothisseemsanimpossibletaskforscientisttoaccomplish.Allthisprogressinscienceleadsustobelievethatthedaywhenthehumanbeingwillbeclonedisnotfaraway.Humancloninghasalwaysbeenatopicofargumentintermsofmoralityorreligion.Takingalookatwhycloningmightbebeneficialamongmanycasesitisarguablethatparentswhoareknowntobeatriskofpassingageneticlimitationtoachildcouldmakeuseofcloning.Iftheclonewasfreeofgeneticlimitations.thentheotherclonewouldbeaswell.Thelattercouldfoeinsertedinthewomanandallowedtoripentoterm.Moreovercloningwouldenablewomenwhocan'tgetpregnanttohavechildrenoftheirown.Cloninghumanswouldalsomeanthatorganscouldbeclonedsoitwouldbeasourceofperfecttransferorgans.Thissurelywouldbegreatlybeneficialtomillionsofunfortunatepeoplearoundtheworldthatareexpectedtolosetheirlivesduetofailureofsingleormoreorgans.Itisalsoarguablethatabanoncloningmaybeunlawfulandwouldrobpeopleoftherighttoreproduceandlimitthefreedomofscientists.Argumentsagainstcloningarealsoonaperfectlypracticalside.PrimarilyIbelievethatcloningwouldstepinthenormalcycleoflife.Therewouldbealargenumberofsamegeneswhichreducethechancesofimprovementandinturndevelopment—thefundamentalreasonhowlivingthingsnaturallyadapttotheever-changingenvironment.Lifeprocessesfailingtodosomightresultinuntimelydisappearance.Furthermorecloningwouldmaketheuniquenessthateachoneofuspossessesdisappear.Thusleadingtocreationofgeneticallyengineeredgroupsofpeopleforspecificpurposesandchancesarethatthoseindividualswouldberegardedasobjectsratherthanpeopleinthesociety.Scientistshaven't100percentguaranteedthatthefirstclonedhumanswillbenormal.Thusthiscouldresultinintroductionofadditionallimitationsinthehumangene-pool.Regardingsucharguabletopicsinblackorwhiteapproachseemsveryinnocenttomepersonally.Weshouldrathertrytolookatallshadesofit.Ibelievethatcloningisonlylegalifitspurposeisforcloningorgans;nothumans.Thenwecouldregardthisasforsavinglifeinsteadofcreatinglife.Ibelievecloninghumansismorallyandsociallyunacceptable.32.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Geneticlimitationwillbebeneficialforsomewomen.B.Alargenumberofgeneswillpreventusfromdeveloping.C.Prohibitionofcloningmightlimitthefreedomofscientists.D.Firstclonedhumansmightbenormalaccordingtoscientists.33.What'stheauthor'sopiniononcloning?A.Cloningshouldbeentirelybanned.B.Cloningshouldbeusedincreatinglife.C.Cloningwilltakeawaytherighttoreproduce.D.Cloningisacceptableifitisusedforcloningorgans.34.Wherecanyoureadthisarticle?A.Inastorybook.B.Inamagazine.C.Inasciencefiction.D.Inabrochure.35.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?

Artificialintelligencecanidentifyskincancerinphotographswiththesameaccuracyastraineddoctorssayscientists.TheStanfordUniversityteamsaidthefindingswereincrediblyexcitingandwouldnowbetestedinclinics.EventuallytheybelieveusingAIcouldrevolutionizehealthcarebyturninganyone'ssmart-phoneintoacancerscanner.TheAIwasrepurposedfromsoftwaredevelopedbyGooglethathadlearnedtospotthedifferencebetweenimagesofcatsanddogs.Itwasshown129450photographsandtoldwhattypeofskinconditionitwaslookingatineachonE.Itthenlearnedtospotthehallmarksofthemostcommontypeofskincancer:carcinomaandthemostdeadly:melanoma黑色素瘤.Onlyonein20skincancersaremelanomayetthetumor肿瘤accountsforthree-quartersofskincancerdeaths.TheexperimentdetailedinthejournalNaturethentestedtheAIagainst21trainedskincancerdoctors.OneoftheresearchersDrAndreEstevatoldtheBBCNewswebsite:Wefindexcitedlyingeneralthatweareonparwithexcellentskincancerdoctors.Howeverthecomputersoftwarecannotmakeafulldiagnosisasthisisnormallyconfirmedwithatissuebiopsy活检.DrEstevasaidthesystemnowneededtobetestedalongsidedoctorsinthecliniC.TheapplicationofAItohealthcareiswebelieveanincrediblyexcitingareaofresearchthatcanbeleveragedtoachieveagreatdealofsocietalgoodhesaiD.OneparticularroutethatwefindexcitingistheuseofthisalgorithmonamobiledevicebuttoachievethiswewouldhavetobuildanappandtestitsaccuracydirectlyfromamobiledevicE.Incredibleadvancesinmachine-learninghavealreadyledtoAIbeatingoneofhumanity'sbestGoplayers.AndateamofdoctorsinLondonhavetrainedAItopredictwhentheheartwillfail.32.Fromthepassagewecaninferthat.A.ArtificialIntelligencemustreplacehumanonedayB.WecanuseArtificialIntelligencetocureskincancersC.Wecanusesmart-phonetoscanourskinatpresentD.Theresearchwillbeofgreathelptousandourhealthcare33.WhichonewillheagreewithaccordingtoDrEsteva?A.ArtificialIntelligencehasbeatenallofhumanity’sbestGoplayers.B.ArtificialIntelligencecouldsupportassessmentsbyGPs.C.Westillneedprofessionaldoctorswiththehelpofthesystem.D.TherearetoomanydisadvantagesforArtificialIntelligencE.34.TheunderlinedwordsonparwithinPara4likelymean.A.inferiortoB.equaledbyC.superiortoD.oppositeto35.What’sprobablythebesttitleofthispassage?A.CancerDoctorsAreOutB.AnAPPScanningSkinCancersC.ArtificialIntelligence—changeourfutureD.ArtificialIntelligence—asgoodascancerdoctors

Sleepdeprivation缺失isanimportanthiddenfactorinloweringtheachievementofschoolpupilsaccordingtoresearcherscarryingoutinternationaleducationtests.Itisaparticularprobleminrichercountrieswithsleepexpertslinkingittotheuseofmobilephonesandcomputersinbedroomlateatnight.Sleepdeprivationissuchaseriousproblemthatlessonshavetobedraggeddowntoalowerleveltosuitsleep-deprivedlearnersthestudyfounD.TheinternationalcomparisoncarriedoutbyBostonCollegefoundtheUnitedStatestohavethehighestnumberofsleep-deprivedstudentswith73%of9-and10-year-oldsand80%of13-and14-year-oldsidentifiedbytheirteachersasbeingnegativelyaffecteD.Inliteracy读写能力teststherewere76%of9-and10-year-oldslackingsleep.Thiswasmuchhigherthantheinternationalaverageof47%ofprimarypupilsneedingmoresleepand57%amongthesecondaryagegroup.Othercountrieswiththemostsleep-deprivedyoungsterswereNewZealandSaudiArabiaAustraliaEnglandIrelandandFrancE.High-performingFinlandisalsoamongthemostlackinginsleep.CountrieswiththebestrecordsforgettingenoughsleepincludeAzerbaijanKazakhstanPortugaltheCzechRepublicJapanandMaltA.Ithinkweunderestimatetheimpactofsleep.Ourdatashowthatacrosscountriesinternationallyonaveragechildrenwhohavemoresleepachievehigerinmathsscienceandreading.ThatisexactlywhatourdatashowsaysChadMinnichoftheTIMSSandPIRLSInternationalStudyCenter.It’sthesamelinkforchildrenwhoarelackingbasicnutritionsaysMrMinnichbasedattheLynchSchoolofEducationBostonCollegE.IfyouareunabletoconcentratetoattendmentallyyouareunabletoachieveatyourbestlevelbecauseyourmindandbodyareinneedofsomethingmorebasiC.Sleepisafundamentalneedforallchildren.Ifteachersreportsuchlargeproportionsofchildrensufferingfromlackofsleepit’shavingasignificantimpact.Butworsethanthatteachersarehavingtoadjusttheirinstructionbasedonthosechildrenwhoaresufferingfromalackofsleep.Thechildrenwhoaresufferingfromalackofsleeparedrivingdowninstruction.Thatmeansthateventhechildrenwhoaregettingenoughsleeparestillsufferingfromthissleep-relatedlowering.24.WhatdidtheresearchofBostonCollegetrytofindA.Whychildrendon’tgetenoughsleepB.HowmanyhoursbetweensleepandtestresultC.TherelationshipbetweensleepandtestresultsD.Therelationshipbetweensleepandhealth25.Manychildrensufferfromsleepdeprivationbecause_________.A.theysitinfrontoftheTVfortoolongB.theycanhardlysleepsoundlyanddeeplyC.theirhomeworkoccupiestoomuchoftheirtimeD.moderntechnologicaldevicesconsumealotoftheirtime26.Whichofthefollowingcountrieshasthemostsleep-deprivedstudents?A.JapanB.MaltaC.FinlandD.Portugal27.Whyarechildrenwhogetenoughsleepalsovictims?A.Becausetheyaredisturbedbysleep-deprivedstudentsB.Becauseteachingisdrivendownbysleep-deprivedstudentsC.Becausetheyhavetospendtimehelpingsleep-deprivedstudentsD.Becausetheteacherswastetimediscipliningsleep-deprivedstudents

OtherkidsfeltsorryforJohnwhenhewasgrowingupHisparentsalwayshadhimweedingthegardencarryingoutthegarbageanddeliveringnewspapers.ButwhenJohnreachedadulthoodhewasbetteroffthanhischildhoodplaymates.Hehadmorejobsatisfactionabettermarriageandwashealthier.Mostofallhewashappier.Farhappier.Thesearethefindingsofa40-yearstudythatfollowedthelivesof456teenageboysfromBoston.Thestudyshowedthatthosewhohadworkedasboysenjoyedhappierandmoreproductivelivesthanthosewhohadnot.Boyswhoworkedinthehomeorcommunitygainedcompetence能力andcametofeeltheywereworthwhilemembersofsocietysaidGeorgeVaillantthepsychologist心理学家whomadethediscovery.Andbecausetheyfeltgoodaboutthemselvesothersfeltgoodaboutthem.Vaillant’sstudyfollowedthesemalesingreatdetail.Interviewswererepeatedatages2531and47.UnderVaillanttheresearcherscomparedthemen’smental-healthscoreswiththeirboyhood-activityscoreswiththeirboyhood-activityscores.Pointswereawardedforpart-timejobshouseworkeffortinschoolandabilitytodealwithproblems.Thelinkbetweenwhatthemenhaddoneasboysandhowtheyturnedoutasadultswassurprisinglysharp.Thosewhohaddonethemostboyhoodactivitiesweretwiceaslikelytohavewarmrelationswithawidevarietyofpeoplefivetimesaslikelytobewellpaidand16timeslesslikelytohavebeenunemployeD.TheresearchersalsofoundthatIQandfamilysocialandeconomicclassmadenorealdifferenceinhowtheboysturnedout.Working----atanyage----isimportant.Childhoodactivitieshelpachilddevelopresponsibilityindependenceconfidenceandcompetence------theunderpinnings基础ofemotionalhealth.Theyalsohelphimunderstandthatpeoplemustcooperateandworktowardcommongoals.Themostcompetentadultsarethosewhoknowhowtodothis.Yetworkisn’teverything.AsTolstoyoncesaidOnecanlivemagnificentlyinthisworldifoneknowshowtoworkandhowtolovetoworkforthepersononelovesandtoloveone’swork.32.WhatdoweknowaboutJohn?A.HewasenviedbyothersinhischildhooD.B.Hehadfewchildhoodplaymates.C.Hereceivedlittlelovefromhisfamily.D.HeenjoyedhiscareerandmarriagE.33.Vaillant’steamobtainedtheirfindingsby_____.A.recordingtheboys’effortinschoolB.evaluatingthemen’smentalhealthC.comparingdifferentsetsofscoresD.measuringthemen’sproblemsolvingability34.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordsharpprobablymeaninParagraph4?A.QuicktoreactB.HavingathinedgeC.ClearanddefiniteD.suddenandrapid35.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.competentadultsknowmoreaboutlovethanwork.B.EmotionalhealthisessentialtoawonderfuladultlifE.C.Lovebringsmorejoytopeoplethanworkdoes.D.Independenceisthekeytoone’ssuccess.

SometimessomethingthatisconsideredtobenegativeturnsouttobeanadvantageonthejoB.Thoughheisonly18yearsoldandblindSuleymanGokyigitisamongthetopcomputertechniciansandprogrammersatInteliDataTechnologiesCorpalargesoftwarecompanywithseveralofficesacrosstheUnitedStates.AfterourcompanyunitedwithanotheronelastOctobertwodifferentcomputernetworksweredrivinguscrazyrecallsDouglasBrauntheInteliDatapresident.Wecouldn’tevensende-mailtoeachother.InthreeweeksMr.Gokyigitcreatedthesoftwareneededtoconnectthetwonetworks.Noneofthecompany’s350otheremployeescouldhavedonethejobinthreemonthssaysMr.Braun.Sulymancan‘see’intotheheartofthecomputer.Mr.Bokyigit’sgiftasMr.BrauncallsitisanunusualabilitytoformanideaoftheinsideofamachinE.ThecomputerpermitsmetoreachoutintotheworldanddoalmostanythingIwanttodosaysMr.Gokyigit.Theyoungprogrammerisathomewithhardwareaswellthankspartlytoahighlydevelopedsenseoftouch.MitziNowakowskianofficemanageratInteliDataremembershowheeasilydisconnectedandreconnectedtheircomputersystemsduringamovelastyear.ThroughfeelSuleymancanfindthepositionofconnectorspinsandwiresmuchfasterthanmostotherpeoplewithsighthesays.Muchofthestudentprogrammer’sspeedcomesfromhisabilitynottobeinterruptedwhileatthecomputer.Whentypinghelistenscarefullytothesynthesizer合成器.HislongthinfingersflyoverthekeyboarD.NothingseemstoshakehisattentionsaysMrs.Nowakowskihisboss.Mr.Gokyigitistheonlycompanyemployeewhoisavailable24hoursaday.Weconsiderhimourtopproblemsolver.saysMr.Braun.32.AccordingtoMr.BraunSuleyman___________.A.canworkwondersoncomputerB.isthebesttechnicianintheworldC.hasdoneahardjobinthreemonthsD.hasunitedInterliDataTechnologiesCorp.withanothercomputercompany33.Theunderlinedpartisathomewithhardwareparagraph4means____________.A.isgoodatdealingwithcomputerhardwareB.isfondofcomputerhardwareC.workswithcomputerhardwareathomeD.feelscomfortablewhenworkingwithcomputerhardware34.Sulyemanwasquickwhileatthecomputermostlybecauseof__________.A.hisblindnessB.hisattentiononthesynthesizerC.hislongthinfingersD.hisabilitynottobeinterrupted35.Whatdoesthetextmainlytellus?A.ComputertechniciansaremorelikelytobegifteD.B.One’sdisadvantagesmayprovetobeadvantages.C.Thedisabledcanalsoplayanimportantroleinsociety.D.Topcomputerscientistshaveunusualabilitiestoformideasofcomputers.

Thefactthattreesarevitaltoourlifeisnosecret.Theyprovideuswithfoodwoodandmostimportantlyoxygen.Nowthereisonemorethingyoucanaddtothislist-blockingoutharmfulbacteriafromwater.ThediscoverywaspointedoutbyateammadeupofscientistsfromtheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyMITandhighschoolstudentwhowereseekinganaturalwaterfilter—onethatwouldhelpcommunitiesindevelopingcountriesthatarenotequippedwithmodernwatersystems.TheresearchersledbyRohitKarnikaprofessoratMITdecidedtoturntotreesforhelpbecausetheyallowliquidtoflowthroughwhileblockingoutairbubbles.Theybeganbycutting1.5-inch-widesectionsoftreebarkfromthebranchesofawhitepinetreE.Theresearchersthentestedthewood'sfilteringabilitybypouringwatercontainingreddyeparticles粒子ofdifferentsizesthrough.Totheirastonishmenttheyfoundthatitwaseffectiveintrappingalltheparticles.EncouragedtheteamconductedanotherexperimentthistimewithwaterthatcontainedbacteriA.Sureenoughthesapwood边材heldback99%ofthebacteriaallowingonly1%toflowthrough.Mr.Karniksaysthatthebarkwasabletofilterwatercontainingmuchsmallerparticles.Thismeansthatbarkscanbeusedtogetridofamajorityofbacteriasincemostareatleast10timesaswidE.Howeverwhattroublesthemisthattreebarksaren’tblockingoutviruseswhichtendtobemuchsmaller.Alsowhilethepinesapwoodiseffectivewemustrememberonething—itonlyworkswhenitismoist.Thismeansthatbeforethisnaturalfiltercanbeputtopracticalusetheresearcherswillhavetofigureouthowtokeepthewooddamporfindawaytokeepthebark'sgreatfilteringcapabilityevenwhenit'sdry!Buttheteamisnotdoneyet.Theyplanontestingothertypesofsapwoodincludingthosefromfloweringtreeswhichhavesmallerpores气孔.Theythinkthatthesemaybemoreeffectiveintrappingsmallerparticlesandevenviruses32.Howcouldthescientists’discoveryabouttreesaffectsomedevelopingcountries?A.MorepinetreeswillbeplanteD.B.Bacteriawillberemovedfromwater.C.Peoplewon’tworryaboutwaterpollution.D.CleanwaterwillbecomemoreaccessiblE.33.Intheexperimentstheresearchers________.A.foundtreebarkscan’tgetridofvirusesB.usedwatercontainingparticlesofsimilarsizeC.weresurprisedtreebarksremoveallthebacteriaD.madesuremostparticleswerebiggerthanbacteria24.Theunderlinedwordmoistinthepassageprobablymeans________.A.hotB.coldC.dryD.wet35.Theteamisgoingtoconductotherexperimentsto________.A.searchformorekindsofwoodbarksB.findawaytokeepthewooddampC.improvethefilteringabilityoftreesD.testthefilteringabilityofothertrees