A study published Monday found that people who sleep less tend to be fat，and experts said it's time to find out if more sleep will fight fatness. “We've put so much emphasis on diet and exercise that we've failed to recognize the value of good sleep，”said Fred Turek，a physician at Northwestern University. Monday's study from Eastern Virginia Medical School in Norfolk covered 1,000 people and found that total sleep time decreased as body mass index—a measure of weight based on height—increaseD. Men slept an average of 27 minutes less than women and overweight and fat patients slept less than patients with normal weights, it saiD.In general the fatter subjects slept about 1.8 hours a week less than those with normal weights. “Americans experience insufficient sleep and fat bodies.Clinicians are aware of the burden of fatness on patients，” the study saiD. “Our findings suggest that major extensions of sleep time may not be necessary, as an extra 20 minutes of sleep per night seems to be associated with a lower body mass index，” it addeD. “We caution that this study does not set up a cause­and­effect relationship between restricted sleep and fatness, but investigations indicating success in weight loss via extensions of sleep would help greatly to set up such a relationship.” The study was published in the Archives of Internal Medicine along with an editorial by Turek and Northwestern colleague Joseph Bass commenting on it and related research. In an interview, Turek said some studies have shown the lack of sleep causes declines in an appetite suppressing protein hormone, and increases in another hormone that causes a longing for fooD.“In addition neuropathies (神经疗法) in the brain governing sleep and fatness appear to overlap (部分重叠)，”he saiD. “Fatness has been rising dramatically in developed countries and reached epidemic (流行病) levels in the United States，” it added，“leading to a variety of health problems.” 56.What's the passage mainly about? A.People who sleep less tend to get fat. B.Fat people need lots of sleep to lose weight. C.Sleeping has nothing to do with fatness. D.Fatness has reached epidemic levels in developed countries. 57.According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A.Lack of sleep causes declines in a desire limiting protein hormonE. B.Americans experience sufficient sleep and fat bodies. C.The findings suggest that major extensions of sleep time may be necessary. D.Fatness has reached epidemic levels in AmericA. 58.Which of the following is NOT close to the underlined word “suppressing”？ A.Limiting.B.Restricting. C.Accepting.D.Controlling. 59.According to the passage, which of the following people is the lowest possible one to get fatness? A.AmericansB.Chinese C.JapaneseD.English

Mostpeopleknowtuna金枪鱼onlyinacanbutmorethan50kindsoftunaliveintheworld’soceans.Thelargestoftunathebluefincangrowalmost15feetlongandswimthroughthewaterathighspeeD.Forcenturiesbluefincrowdedtheworld’swatersatopoceanpredator捕食性动物withfewenemies.Butthey’vemettheirmatchinhumans.Moreandmorepeoplefindtunadelicious.Todaybluefinarenearingextinction灭绝.Tosavethemscientistsneededtoknowmoreabouttheirhabits.Butuntilrecentlytheyhadnowayoffollowingthesesuper-fastanimalsoftheseA.ScientistscameupwithaprojectcalledTaggingofPacificPredatorTOPP.Over10yearstheyattached固定electronicrecorderstomorethan4000animals.Therecordersrecordedinformationaboutamountsoflightandsaltandeventheanimal’sheartbeatandbodytemperaturE.ForthefirsttimeresearcherswereabletofollowtheirtravelacrossthePacificandstudytheirmovementsinthewarmwatersofftheCaliforniacoast.ThejourneysofthebluefinreallysurprisedtheTOPPteam.WhenbluefinaretwoyearsoldtheyleavethewatersoffJapanandtravelallthewayeasttoCaliforniaadistanceofmorethan3000miles5000kilometres.ThentheymoveupanddowntheUScoastwiththeseasons.AndscientistsinanotherprojecttheHistoryofMarineAnimalPopulationHMAPfoundthat100yearsagotheoceanoffScandinaviawerefullofbluefineverysummer.Andveryfewpeoplefishedforthem.Theninthe1920snewfishingtechniquesmadeiteasiertocatchlargenumbersoftunA.Morepeoplebegantoeatandenjoytunaandthebusinessofthetunafisherycontinuedtogrow.A.short25yearslaterfisherswerecatching10000tonsoftunaeachyear.Lookingatpastandpresentnumbersscientiststhinkthat90percentofalllargepredatoryfishincludingtunahavedisappearedasaresultofoverfishing.Thatmeansthatforevery10fishthatexistedbefore1950onlyonelivestoday.59.TheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2probablymeans____.A.humansareeatingandhuntingtunaB.humansknowalotabouttunaC.tunaandhumansaregettingalongwellD.humanswouldliketoprotecttuna60.ThepurposeofTOPPisto_____.A.saveoceanpredatorsB.studytheCaliforniacoastC.doresearchonoceanpredatorsD.recordinformationoftheoceans61.Accordingtothepassagetuna_____.A.areindangerB.comeinabout15kindsC.liveinwarmwatersD.arefasterthanbluefin62.WecaninferfromParagraph5that_____.A.HMAPistakingmeasurestoprotecttunaB.theoceansoffScandinaviaarefullofbluefinC.tunawereanimportantfoodsourceD.thebusinessofthetunafisherywasdropping

Cloudseedingisamethodofartificiallycausingcloudstoproduceprecipitation降水intheformofrainorsnow.Cloudseedinghasalsobeenusedinattemptstomodifytheseverityofhailstormsandhurricanes.Theeffectivenessofcloudseedingremainscontroversial.butitcontinuestobeusedinsomeregionstotrytoincreaserainfallforagricultureandtobuildsnowpacksforwatersuppliesandpowerproduction.CloudseedingwasdevelopedbyAmericanscientistsIrvingLangmuirandVincentJosephSchaeferduringandafterWorldWarII.Theirworkbeganasanefforttolearnmoreaboutthebuildupoficeonairplanewingsandeventuallyledthemtoattempttocreaterainfallbyreleasingseveralpoundsofcrushedfrozencarbondioxideintoacloudfromanairplane.Inthisformthecarbondioxideiscalleddryice.OnNovember131946thetechniqueappearedtoproducesnowdirectlyunderthecloud;thesnowthenturnedtorainasitfelltotheground.FortheirexperimentLangmuirandSchaeferselectedasupercooledcloudoneinwhichthewaterdropletsremainliquidinsubfreezingtemperatures.Theirtheorywasthatsmallgrainsofdryicefallingthroughthecloudwouldcausetinydropletsofwatervaporinthecloudtofreezeintocrystals晶体thatattractedmorewatervapor.Theirtheoryprovedtobecorrectandeventuallythecrystalsbecameheavyenoughtofallfromthecloudassnow.Asthesnowreachedthewarmertemperaturesclosertothegrounditmeltedandbecamerain.AnotherscientistBernardVonnegutproducedamethodofcloudseedingusingsilveriodide碘化银.Heusedparticlesofsilveriodidebecauseitscrystalstructureresembledthatoficeinclouds.SilveriodidealsohadpracticaladvantagesoverfrozencarbondioxideItcouldbestoredatroomtemperatureanddidnotrequireanairplaneasadeliverymechanism.Insteadsilveriodidecrystalscouldbefiredbycannons大炮highintotheairwherewindcarriedthemintotheclouds.56.Theunderlinedwordmodifyinthefirstparagraphprobablymeans______.A.increaseB.easeC.causeD.avoid57.AccordingtothetextLangmuirandSchaeferhadintendedtodealwith__A.howtofreezecarbondioxideB.howtoremoveiceonplanewingsC.howtomakeweatherforecastforthewarD.howtohideplanesincloudsatwar58.WhatistheCORRECTorderofthecourseforcloudseedingwithdryice?a.snowbecomingraininwarmertemperaturesb.crystalsattractingmorewatervaporc.crystalsfallingintheformofsnowd.crystalsbecomingveryheavye.freezingtinydropletsofwatervaporintocrystalsf.puttingsmallgrainsofdryiceinthecloudA.a-c-f-d-b-eB.b-f-e-a-c-dC.f-e-b-d-c-aD.e-a-d-c-b-f59.Bernardchosesilveriodideasamethodofcloudseedingbecause___.A.itismuchcheaperthandryiceB.itcanbestoredatanyroomsC.itcanbesentintocloudsbywindD.itissimilar60.Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe____.A.CloudSeedingB.ArtificialRainingC.WeatherChangingD.CloudGathering

Animalsarenaturalresourcesthatpeoplehavewastedallthroughourhistory.Animalshavebeenkilledfortheirfurandfeathersforfoodforsportandsimplybecausetheywereintheway.Thousandsofkindsofanimalshavedisappearedfromtheearthforever.Hundredsmoreareonthedangerlisttoday.About170kindsintheUnitedStatesaloneareconsideredindanger.Whyshouldpeoplecare?Becauseweneedanimals.AndbecauseoncetheyaregonetherewillneverbeanymorE.AnimalsaremorethanbeautifulorinterestingorasourceoffooD.EveryanimalhasitsplaceinthebalanceofnaturE.Destroyingonekindofanimalcancreatemanyproblems.Forexamplewhenfarmerskilledlargenumbersofhawks鹰thefarmers’storesofcornandgrainweredestroyedbyratsandmicE.Why?BecausehawkseatratsandmicE.Withnohawkstokeepdowntheirnumberstheratsandmicemultiplied繁殖quickly.Luckilysomepeopleareworkingtohelpsavetheanimals.Somegroupsraisemoneytoletpeopleknowabouttheproblem.Andtheytrytogetthegovernmentstopasslawsprotectinganimalsindanger.Quiteafewcountrieshavepassedlaws.Theselawsforbidthekillingofanyanimalorplantonthedangerlist.Slowlythenumberofsomeanimalsindangerisgrowing.46.Whydopeoplekillanimals?A.TheykillanimalsforsomethingtheyneeD.B.Theykillanimalstoraisesomemoney.C.Animalsdestroytheirnaturalresources.D.Animalscreatemanyproblems.47.Animalsareimportanttousmainlybecause______.A.theygiveusasourceoffoodB.theyarebeautifulandlovelyC.theykeepthebalanceofnatureD.theygiveusalotofpleasure48.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Peoplecaremuchaboutanimalsbecausetheyneedthem.B.OnceacertainkindofanimalisgoneforevertherewillneverbeanymorE.C.Killingallratsandmicemaycausesomenewproblems.D.Peoplemustnotkillanyanimalorplant.

ExploityourparkingspaceAnunusedparkingspaceorgaragecanmakemoney.Ifyoulivenearacitycenteroranairportyoucouldmakeanythingupto£200or£300aweek.Putanadvertisement广告forfreeonLetparkorAtmyhousepark.Rent出租aroomSpareroom?Notonlywillalodger房客earnyouanincomebutalsothankstothegovernment-backedrentaroomprogramyouwon’thavetopayanytaxonthefirst£4500youmakeperyear.TryadvertisingyourroomonRoomspareorRoommateeasy.MakemoneyduringspecialeventsWon’twantafull-timelodger?Thenrentonashort-termbasis.IfyouliveinthecapitalrentingaroomoutduringtheOlympicsorotherbigeventscouldbringinmoneyGrashpaddercanadvertiseyourspacE.LiveonsetRentingyourhomeoutasafilmsetcouldearnyouhundredsofpoundsadaydependingonthefilmproductioncompanyandhowlongyourhomeisneedeD.A.quicksearchontheInternetwillbringupdozensofonlinecompaniesthatallowyoutoregisteryourhomeforfree—butyouwillbechargedifyourhomegetspickeD.UseyourroofYouneedtherightkindofroofbutsomeenergycompaniespaythecostoffixingsolarequipmentaround￡14000andletyouusetheenergyproducedfornothing.InreturntheygetpaidforunusedenergyfedbackintotheNationalGriD.Howeveryouhavetosigna25-yearagreementwiththesupplierwhichcouldpreventyoufromchangingtheroof.1.Ifyouearn￡5000fromrentingaroominoneyearthetaxyouneedtopaywillbebasedon______.A.￡800B.￡500C.￡4500D.50002.Wherecanyouputanadvertisementtorentoutaroomduringabigevent?A.OnLetpark.B.OnRoomsparE.C.OnGrashpadder.D.OnRoommateeasy.3.Ifyouwanttouseenergyfreeyouhaveto_____.A.signanagreementwiththegovernmentB.payaround￡14000fortheequipmentC.selltherooftosomeenergycompaniesD.keeptheroofunchangedforwithin25years4.Forwhomthetextmostprobablywritten?A.Lodgers.B.Advertisers.C.Houseowners.D.Onlinecompanies

Batteriescanpoweranythingfromsmallsensorstolargesystems.Whilescientistsarefindingwaystomakethemsmallerbutevenmorepowerfulproblemscanarisewhenthesebatteriesaremuchlargerandheavierthanthedevicesthemselves.UniversityofMissouriMUresearchersaredevelopinganuclearenergysourcethatissmallerlighterandmoreefficient.Toprovideenoughpowerweneedcertainmethodswithhighenergydensity密度saidJaeKwonassistantprofessorofelectricalandcomputerengineeringatMU.Theradioisotope放射性同位素batterycanprovidepowerdensitythatismuchhigherthanchemicalbatteries.Kwonandhisresearchteamhavebeenworkingonbuildingasmallnuclearbatterypresentlythesizeandthicknessofapennyintendedtopowervariousmicro/nanoelectromechanicalsystemsM/NEMS.AlthoughnuclearbatteriescancauseconcernsKwonsaidtheyaresafE.Peopleheartheword‘nuclear’andthinkofsomethingverydangeroushesaiD.Howevernuclearpowersourceshavealreadybeensafelypoweringavarietyofdevicessuchaspace-makersspacesatellitesandunderwatersystems.Hisnewideaisnotonlyinthebattery’ssizebutalsoinitssemiconductor半导体.Kwon’sbatteryusesaliquidsemiconductorratherthanasolidsemiconductor.Thekeypartofusingaradioactivebatteryisthatwhenyouharvesttheenergypartoftheradiationenergycandamagethelatticestructure晶格结构ofthesolidsemiconductor.KwonsaiD.Byusingaliquidsemiconductorwebelievewecanminimizethatproblem.TogetherwithJ.DavidRobertsonchemistryprofessorandassociatedirectoroftheMUResearchReactorKwonisworkingtobuildandtestthebattery.Inthefuturetheyhopetoincreasethebattery’spowershrinkitssizeandtrywithvariousothermaterials.Kwonsaidthatthebatterycouldbethinnerthanthethicknessofhumanhair.1.WhichofthefollowingistrueofJaeKwon?A.HeteacheschemistryatMU.B.Hedevelopedachemicalbattery.C.HeisworkingonanuclearenergysourcE.D.Hemadeabreakthroughincomputerengineering.2.JaeKwongaveexamplesinParagraph4.A.toshowchemicalbatteriesarewidelyappliedB.toindicatenuclearbatteriescanbesafelyusedC.todescribeanuclear-poweredsystemD.tointroducevariousenergysources3.Liquidsemiconductorisusedto.A.getridoftheradioactivewasteB.testthepowerofnuclearbatteriesC.decreasethesizeofnuclearbatteriesD.reducethedamagetolatticestructure4.AccordingtoJaeKwonhisnuclearbattery.A.usesasolidsemiconductorB.willsoonreplacethepresentonesC.couldbeextremelythinD.haspassedthefinaltest5.Thetextismostprobablya.A.sciencenewsreportB.bookreviewC.newspaperadD.sciencefictionstory

Inaworldwithlimitedlandwaterandothernaturalresources资源theharmfromthetraditionalbusinessmodelisontherisE.Actuallythepastdecadehasseenmoreandmoreforestsdisappearingandtheglobebecomingincreasinglywarm.Peoplenowrealizethatthisunhealthysituationmustbechangedandthatwemustbeabletodevelopinsustainable可持续的ways.Thatmeansgrowthwithlowcarbonordevelopmentofsustainableproducts.Inotherwordsweshouldkeeptheglobehealthywhileusingitssupplyofnaturalresources.Todaysustainabledevelopmentisapopulartrendinmanycountries.Accordingtoarecentstudytheglobalmarketsforlow­carbonenergywillbecomethreetimesbiggeroverthenextdecadE.Chinaforexamplehassetitsmindonleadingthatmarketshopingtoseizechancesinthenewroundoftheglobalenergyrevolution.Itisnowtryinghardtomakefulluseofwindandsolarenergyandisspendingahugeamountofmoneymakingelectriccarsandhigh­speedtrains.Inadditionwearealsoseeinggreatgrowthintheglobalmarketsforsustainableproductssuchaspalmoil棕榈油whichisproducedwithoutcuttingdownvaluablerainforest.Inrecentyearsthemarketsforsustainableproductshavegrownmorethan50%.Governmentscanfullydevelopthepotentialofthesenewmarkets.Firsttheycansethightargetsforreducingcarbonemissions排放andtargetsforsavingandreusingenergy.Besidesstrongerarrangementofpublicresourceslikeforestscanalsohelptospeedupthedevelopment.FinallygovernmentscanavoidthehugepublicexpensesthataretakingusinthewrongdirectionandredirectingsomeofthoseexpensescanacceleratethechangefromthetraditionalmodeltoasustainableonE.Themajorchallengeofthiscenturyistofindwaystomeettheneedsofagrowingpopulationwithinthelimitsofthissingleplanet.Thatisnosmalltaskbutitoffersabundantnewchancesforsustainableproductindustries.43.ThetraditionalbusinessmodelisharmfulbecauseofallthefollowingEXCEPTthat________.A.itmakestheworldwarmerB.itconsumesnaturalresourcesC.itbringsseveredamagetofutureD.itmakesgrowthhardtocontinue44.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2?A.Chinalackswindandsolarenergy.B.Chinaistheleaderofthelow­carbonmarkets.C.High­speedtrainsarealow­carbondevelopment.D.Palmoilismadeatthecostofvaluableforests.45.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthatbusinesshasmanychancesto________.A.developsustainableproductsB.explorenewnaturalresourcesC.makefulluseofnaturalresourcesD.dealwiththemajorchallenge

Scientistshaveannouncedthattheyhavecloned克隆thefirsthumanembryo胚胎.ThishascausedmuchdebateroundtheworlD.Ontheonehandsomescientistspointoutthatifyoucloneanembryoyoucanproducevaluablehumantissues组织——suchasboneorlungtissue——thatcouldbeusedtosavehumanlives.Ontheotherhandmanypeopleincludingsomescientistsdisagreeandareafraidthatifmankindtoyswithnatureinthiswaywemaybeonourwaytoproducingareal-lifeFrankenstein’smonster怪物.Cloningisproducinganexactcopyofaplantorananimalusingitscells.ThefirstmammaltobeclonedsuccessfullyfromanadultcellwasDollythesheep.Shewasbornin1996anddiedinearly2003atamuchyoungeragethannormal.WhenshewasbornmanypeoplewereworriedthatcloningwouldleadtomorediseasesintheanimalworlD.HoweveringeneralthescientistswerepraisedfortheirwonderfulscientificadvancE.IanWilmuttheScottishscientistwhocreatedDollyisshockedthatsomescientistsarenowconsideringcloninghumanbeings.Althoughheresearchescloninghisintentionhasneverbeentocreatecopiesofhumans.Insteadhethinksresearcheffortsshouldconcentrateoncreatingnewtissuesandorgansthatcanbeusedtocurediseaseslikecancer.HoweversomepeoplebelievethatcloninghumansembryoswiththeintentionofdestroyingthemshowsnorespectforhumanlifE.EventhoughhumancloningiscausingalotofanxietyitisgoodnewsforFayeWilsona41-year-oldsaleswomanwhocannothaveababy.Iamanxioustohaveachildofmyownshesays.Idon’twanttoadoptsomeoneelse’schild——ifIhadthechanceIwouldhaveaclonedbabyrightnow.Whilecloninghumanembryosisnotlegalinmanycountriessomescientistsarealreadypushingaheadwithresearchinordertoproduceaclonedhumanbaby.SeverinoAntinorianItalianphysicianhasdeclaredthathewantstobethefirsttocloneahumanbeing.InChinascientistshavefocusedtheireffortsoncloninganimalsaswellasclonedtissuestobeusedinmedicaltreatment.ChinahassucceededinproducingclonesofcowsandgoatsandcontinuestoresearchwaysinwhichcloningcanbenefitmankinD.61.Paragraph1ismainlyabout_________.A.differentviewsoncloninghumanembryosB.thebenefitsofcloninghumanembryosC.thedisadvantagesofcloninghumanembryosD.alivedebateonhumanembryos62.WhocreatedDollythesheep?A.SeverinoAninoriB.FayeWilsonC.IanWilmutD.PaulineCarter63.Dollythesheep_________.A.livedaslongasnormalsheepB.wasthefirstsuccessfulcloninginhumanhistoryC.causedabigproblemtothescientistwhocloneditD.provedtobeawonderfulscientificadvance64.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat_________.A.cloninghumanembryosislegalinmanycountriesB.ChinahassucceededincloninghumanembryoC.thefirsthumanbeingwasclonedbySeverinoAninoriD.humancloningisgoodnewsforthosewhocan’thavebabies65.What’sthewriter’sopiniontowardscloning?A.positiveB.negativeC.unconcernedD.neutral中立的

Belowisaselectionfromasciencereport.Evenfactsforgottenbypeopleduringabusydaymaybegotbackagainifthisisfollowedbyagoodnight'ssleep.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofChicagoaskedvolunteerstoremembersimplewords.ManyfoundtheirmemorieslettingthemdowntowardstheendofthedaybutthefollowingmorningthosewhohadsleptwellcouldremembermuchmorE.ResearcherswritinginthejournalNaturesaidthebraincouldrescuelostmemoriesduringthenight.Whenthebrainisfirstaskedtoremembersomethingthatmemoryislaiddowninanunstablestatewhichmeansitispossiblethatitcouldbelost.Atsomepointthebrainconsolidates强化thosewhicharethoughtimportantintoastablemorepermanentstatE.HowevertheChicagoresearcherssuggestedthatitwaspossibleforastablememorytobemadeunstableagain.Thiswouldmeanthatmemoriescouldbeslightlychangedandthenbekeptinaneworderagaininthefaceofnewexperiences.The12volunteerswhoweretestedintheexperimentwereaskedtolistentowordscreatedthroughaspeechsynthesizer语音合成器whichwerepurposelydifficulttounderstanD.AttheverybeginningthewrittenversionofthewordwasavailablebutafterwardsthevolunteerswereaskedtoidentifythewordjustdependingonthesoundtheyhearD.TestsshowedthattheabilitytoremembertherightwordtendedtoweakenasthedayendeD.Howeverwhenthevolunteerswereretestedafteragoodnight'ssleeptheywereabletorecallsomewordsthattheyhadforgottenthepreviousevening.DrDanieloneofthestudyauthorssaidSleepstrengthensmemoriesprotectingthemagainstlaterinterference干扰ordecay衰减.Sleepalsoappearsto‘recover’orrestorememories.HesaidIfthefunctionofmemoryisreducedbydecaysleepmightactivelyrecoverwhathasbeenlost.DrKarimNaderfromtheDepartmentofPsychologyinMcGillUniversityinMontrealsaidMemoryresearchisexperiencingatransformation--nolongerismemorythoughttobeahardwareofthebraininsteaditseemstobeaprocessofstorageandre-storagE.Sleephelpssomememories‘fullygrownup’andalsoremovesunimportantmemories.46.Whattendstohappentoapersonattheendofthedayaccordingtothereport?A.HemayfeeltireD.B.Hemayfeelsleepy.C.Hismemoryweakens.D.Hisbrainstopsworking.47.Whatcanbekeptinone’smemorymorepermanently?A.Somethingfirstrememberedbythebrain.B.Somethingconsideredtobeimportantbythebrain.C.Somethingreviewedbythebrainduringthenight.D.Somethingappearinginthebrainlast.48.Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderofwhatthevolunteersdidintheexperiment?A.distinguishedwordssimplybytheirsoundsB.recalledthewordstheyhadheardatdifferenttimesofthedayC.recalledthewordstheyhadheardthenextmorningD.distinguishedwordsbytheirsoundsandtheirwrittenversionA.abcdB.dacbC.bdcaD.dabc49.Fromthereportwecanlearnthat______.A.memorydiffersfrompersontopersonB.goodmemoryhappensintheearlymorningC.sleepaffectsmemoryD.memoryfailsattheendofadayPassageB.

AsweenjoythesummeroceanwavesalongthebeacheswemaythinknervouslyaboutStevenSpielberg'sJawsandthegreatfearthatsharksinspireinus.Yetwearehappytoseeglobaleffortstoprotectthedecliningnumberofsharks.Theworldhasrealizedthatweneedthespecieslikesharkstokeepabalancedecosystem.Sharksinparticularareinthesedays.ThankstogoodpublicpolicyandfamousstarssuchasJackieChanandAngLeekillingsharksforfinsoupisnolongercool.Thedemandforsharkfinshasbeenrisingfordecadesthreateningsharkswithextinction灭绝—upto100millionsharksarekilledeachyearjustfortheirfins.ButwehavestartedtoreversethetrendparticularlyinmanyareasoftheUnitedStatesandoverseaswhererestaurantsonceproudlyprovideddelicioussharkfinsonthemenu.InCaliforniaabanonthesaleandpossessionofsharkfinsouphasgoneintoeffectthisyearthroughtheeffortsofWildAidandotherorganizations.OverseasmarketingandpubliceffortsfeaturingpostersonpublictransportationsystemsandTVadshavebeenunderwayforthepastfewyears.Theseeffortsallshowsignsofsuccessonboththesupplysideandthedemandsideoftradeinsharkfins.Actuallystoppingthekillingofsharksispartofabroadermovementtostopthekillingofwildanimalsandthebuyingandsellingofwildlifeproducts.TheseproductscomefromhuntingelephantstigersandrhinosbesideskillingmarinelifE.Whetheritissharkfinsouporivorypianokeyskillinganimalsisbigbusiness.Thehuntingofelephantsinsearchofivorytusksforluxury奢侈的goodshasbecomeafull­scalewar.ThedecreaseofAfricanelephantpopulationsisalarming.TogetherwithinternationalpartnerstheUnitedStatesisleadingtheworldwideefforttoreducedemandforhigh­endproductsthatrelyonkillinganimals.21.TheunderlinedwordreverseinParagraph3probablymeans________.A.showB.keepC.followD.change22.Fromthepassageweknow________.A.JackieChanandAngLeemakefinsouppopularB.alotofwildanimalshavebeenkilledforproductsC.StevenSpielberg'sJawsinspiresustoprotectsharksD.thenumberofAfricanelephantshasbeenincreased23.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Moreanimalsforhigh­endproductswillbesaveD.B.Peoplehavekickedthehabitofhavingsharkfinsoup.C.Sharkfinswillnotbeavailableanymoreinrestaurants.D.Globaleffortshavesucceededinstoppingkillingwildanimals.

Whoevernamedthebirdturkey—awordthatEnglishspeakersbeganmentioningaslongagoas1541—madeabigmistakE.AlthoughthatbirdcamefromGuinea几内亚inAfricatheEnglishapparentlyfirstimporteditfromTurkishmerchants.Sonaturallytheycalleditaturkey.WhenEnglishspeakersestablishedtheirfirstcolonyinJamestownVirginiain1607theythoughttheysawturkeystheretoo.WefoundanislandonwhichthereweremanyturkeyswroteonE.ThesebirdswerenotfromTurkeyandwerenotrelatedtotheGuineanfowl家禽ofAfricA.Butturkeystheywerecalledandturkeystheyremain.MuchofwhatweknowabouttheJamestowncolonywaswrittenbyCaptainJohnSmithwhoseeffortspreservedthecolonyfromcollapse垮掉andwhointurnwaspreservedbytheIndianprincessPocahontas.Smith’saccountsofthecolonyfrequentlymentionturkeysasfoodgiftsandobjectsoftradE.In1607SmithwrotetocelebratethefirstpeaceafterthefirstarmedfighttheIndiansbroughtturkeysbreadandwhattheyhadsinginganddancingincelebrationoffriendshiptilltheydeparteD.ElsewhereSmithnotedthattheIndiansmadewarmandbeautifulcloaks披风fromturkeyfeathers.FurthernorthasthePlymouthcolonynearedtheendofitsfirstyearin1621GovernorWilliamBradfordalsoobservedagreatflockofwildturkeysofwhichtheytookmany.UndoubtedlyturkeyswereamongthefowlsservedatthefirstThanksgivingdinner.DespitethosesignificantbeginningsandBenjaminFranklin’slobbying游说theturkeylosttothebaldeagleinthecontestforAmericanbirD.AnditisaloserinmodernEnglishslangtoo.Sincethe1920sturkeyhasbeenatermforaplayormoviethatisafailureandsincethe1950sforapersonwhoisnotfitforhisjoB.ButthoughtheturkeyneversucceededinbecomingtheAmericansymbolitdidbecometheAmericanfeast.ThanksgivingisTurkeyDayandtheturkeyhascomeintoourlanguagemorethanotherbirds.Wenevertalkeaglewetalkturkeywhenwespeakfrankly.63.Whonamedthebirdturkey?A.Englishspeakers.B.Turkishmerchants.C.CaptainJohnSmith.D.Guineans.64.Itcanbeinferredfromthesecondparagraphthat________.A.turkeyswerebroughttoJamestownbySmithB.theIndiansfoughtwithCaptainSmithforturkeysC.turkeyswereservedatthefirstThanksgivingdinnerD.CaptainJohnSmithwroteabooknamedJamestownColony65.Whenwesaysomebodyisaturkeyitmeans________.A.heisveryangryB.hehasnoabilitytodohisjobC.helikeseatingturkeysD.hespeaksfrankly66.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.TheturkeywasbeateninafightbythebaldeaglE.B.TurkeyswereintroducedtoAmericafromGuineA.C.TheturkeyhasbecomeAmericanfoodbecauseitwasbeaten.D.TurkeyhasbecomeatermoffailureinmodernEnglishslang.

Everyonehasgottwopersonalities—theonethatisshowntotheworldandtheotherthatissecretandreal.Youdontshowyoursecretpersonalitywhenyoureawakebecauseyoucancontrolyourbehaviourbutwhenyoureasleepyoursleepingpositionshowstherealyou.Inanormalnightofcoursepeoplefrequentlychangetheirposition.Theimportantpositionistheonethatyougotosleepin.Ifyougotosleeponyourbackyoureaveryopenperson.Younormallytrustpeopleandyouareeasilyinfluencedbyfashionornewideas.Youdontliketoupsetpeoplesoyouneverexpressyourrealfeelings.Yourequiteshyandyouarentveryconfident.Ifyousleeponyourstomachyouarearathersecretive不坦率的person.Youworryalotandyourealwayseasilyupset.Youreverystubborn顽固的butyouarentveryambitious.Youusuallylivefortodaynotfortomorrow.Thismeansthatyouenjoyhavingagoodtime.Ifyousleepcurledup卷曲youareprobablyaverynervousperson.Youhavealowopinionofyourselfandsoyoureoftendefensive.Youreshyandyoudontnormallylikemeetingpeople.Youprefertobeonyourown.Youreeasilyhurt.Ifyousleeponyoursideyouhaveusuallygotawell-balancedpersonality.Youknowyourstrengthsandweaknesses.Youreusuallycareful.Youhaveaconfidentpersonality.Yousometimesfeelanxiousbutyoudontoftengetdepressed.Youalwayssaywhatyouthinkevenifitannoyspeople.60.Accordingtothewriteryounaturallyshowyoursecretandrealpersonality_____.A.onlyinanormalnightB.onlywhenyougotosleepC.onlywhenyourefusetoshowyourselftotheworldD.onlywhenyouchangesleepingposition61.WhichisNOTmentionedinthesecondparagraphaboutapersonspersonalityA.Heorsheisalwaysopenwithothers.B.Heorshealwayslikesnewideasearlierthanothers.C.Heorsheisalwayseasilyupset.D.Heorshetendstobelieveinothers.62.PointoutwhichsentenceisusedtoshowthepersonalityofapersonwhoisusedtosleepingonhisorherstomachA.Heorsheiscarefulnottooffendothers.B.Heorshedoesntwanttosticktohisorheropinion.C.Heorshecantbesuccessfulinanybusiness.D.Heorshelikestobringothershappiness.63.Maybeyoudontwanttomakefriendswithapersonwhosleepscurledup.WhyA.Heorshewouldratherbealonethancommunicatewithyou.B.Heorsheisrarelyreadytohelpyou.C.Heorsheprefersstayingathometogoingout.D.Heorshewouldntliketogethelpfromyou.64.Itappearsthatthewritertendstothinkhighlyofthepersonwhosleepsononesidebecause______.A.heorshealwaysshowssympathyforpeopleB.heorsheisconfidentbutnotstubbornC.heorshehasmorestrengthsthanweaknessesD.heorsheoftenconsidersannoyingpeople

Howcouldwepossiblythinkthatkeepinganimalsincagesinunnaturalenvironments－mostlyforentertainmentpurposes－isfairandrespectful?Zooofficialssaytheyareconcernedaboutanimals.Howevermostzoosremaincollectionsofinterestingthingsratherthanprotectivehabitats.Zoosteachpeoplethatitisacceptabletokeepanimalsboredlonelyandfarfromtheirnaturalhomes.Zoosclaimtoeducatepeopleandsaveendangeredspeciesbutvisitorsleavezooswithouthavinglearnedanythingmeaningfulabouttheanimals’naturalbehaviorintelligenceorbeauty.Zooskeepanimalsinsmallspacesorcagesandmostsignsonlymentionthespecies’namedietandnaturalrangE.Theanimals’normalbehaviorisseldomnoticedbecausezoosdon’tusuallytakecareoftheanimals’naturalneeds.TheanimalsarekepttogetherinsmallspaceswithnoprivacyandlittleopportunityformentalandphysicalexercisE.Thisresultsinunusuallyandself-destructivebehaviorcalledzoochosis.A.worldwidestudyofzoosfoundthatzoochosisiscommonamonganimalskeptinsmallspacesorcages.Anotherstudyshowedthatelephantsspend22percentoftheirtimemakingrepeatedheadmovementsorbitingcagebarsandbearsspend30percentoftheirtimewalkingbackandforthasignofunhappinessandpain.Furthermoremostanimalsinzoosarenotendangered.Captivebreeding圈养繁殖ofendangeredbigcatsAsianelephantsandotherspecieshasnotresultedintheirbeingsentbacktothewild.Zoostalkalotabouttheircaptivebreedingprogramsbecausetheydonotwantpeopletoworryaboutaspeciesdyingout.Infactbabyanimalsalsoattractalotofpayingcustomers.Haven’tweseenenoughcompetitionstonamebabyanimals?Actuallywewillsaveendangeredspeciesonlyifwesavetheirhabitatsandputanendtothereasonspeoplekillthem.Insteadofsupportingzoosweshouldsupportgroupsthatworktoprotectanimals’naturalhabitats.29.Howwouldtheauthordescribetheanimals’lifeinzoos?A.Dangerous.B.Unhappy.C.Natural.D.Easy.30.Inthestateofzoochosisanimals_________.A.remainincagesB.behavestrangelyC.attackotheranimalsD.enjoymovingaround31.Whatdoestheauthortrytoargueinthepassage?A.Zoosarenotworththepublicsupport.B.Zoosfailintheirattempttosaveanimals.C.Zoosshouldtreatanimalsashumanbeings.D.Zoosuseanimalsasameansofentertainment.32.Theauthortriestopersuadereaderstoaccepthisargumentmainlyby_________.A.pointingoutthefaultsinwhatzoosdoB.usingevidencehehascollectedatzoosC.questioningthewayanimalsareprotectedD.discussingtheadvantagesofnaturalhabitats

ThelightfromthecampfirebrightenedthedarknessbutitcouldnotpreventthedampcoldofDennis'sSwamp沼泽地creepingintotheirbones.ItwasastrangeplacE.MartinandTomwishedthattheyhadnotacceptedJack'sdare.Theylikedcampingbutnotnearthisswamp.SoMartinaskedastheysatwatchingthehotcoals.HowdidthisplacegetitsnameAreyousureyouwanttohearit?It'sascarystorywarnedJack.Ofcourse！criedoutTom.Iftherewereanythingtobescaredofyouwouldn'thavechosenthisplace！Okbutdon'tsayIdidn'twarnyousaidJackandhebeganhistalE.WaybackintimeamancalledDennistriedtostartafarmherE.Hebuiltthatcottageovertheretolivein.Inthosedaysthearealookedquitedifferent—itwascoveredwithtalltreesandtheswampwasacrystal­clearriver.AfterthreehardyearsDennishadclearedseveralfieldsandplantedcrops.HewassoproudofhissuccessthatherefusedtolistentoadvicE.‘Youareclearingtoomuchland’warnedoneoldman.‘Thelandisalivingthing.Itwillhitbackatyouifyouabuseit.’‘Sillyfool’saidDennistohimself.‘IfIclearmorelandIcangrowmorecrops.I'llbecomewealthier.He'sjustjealous！’Denniscontinuedtochopdowntrees.SmallanimalsthatreliedonthemforfoodandshelterweredestroyeD.Hewassoeagertoexpandhisfarmthathedidnotnoticetheriverflowingslowlytowardshisdoor.HedidnotnoticesaltseepingtothesurfaceofthelanD.Hedidnotnoticeswampplantschokingallthenativeplants.WhathappenedMartinaskeD.Itwasgrowingcolder.HetrembledtwistinghisbodyclosertothefirE.Thelandhitback—justastheoldmanwarnedJackshruggeD.DennisdisappeareD.Oldfolksaroundherebelievethatswampplantsmovedupfromtheriveranddraggedhimunderwater.HisbodywasneverfounD.WhatastupidstorylaughedTom.Plantscan't...Beforehehadfinishedspeakinghescreamedandfainted晕倒.TheothertwoboysjumpedupwithfrightstaringatTom.Suddenlytheyburstoutlaughing.Somegreenswampivy常春藤hadcoveredTom'sfacE.ItwasawhilebeforeTomcouldappreciatethejokE.36.TheunderlinedworddareinParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto________.A.courageB.assistanceC.instructionD.challenge37.WhydidJacktellTomandMartinthestory?A.Tofrightenthem.B.Tosatisfytheircuriosity.C.TowarnthemofthedangeroftheplacE.D.Topersuadethemtocampintheswamp.38.WhydidTomscreamandfaint?A.HesawDennis'sshadow.B.Hewasscaredbyaplant.C.Hisfriendplayedajokeonhim.D.TheweatherbecameextremelycolD.39.WhatlessoncanwelearnfromthestoryofDennis?A.Graspallloseall.B.Nosweatnosweet.C.Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.D.Hewhomakesnomistakesmakesnothing.

Ifyourcellphonesuddenlystopsworkingdon'tblametheserviceprovider.Themalfunction故障mighthavebeencausedbysomethingbigger—asolarstorm.ExpertsexpectthattheearthwillseemoresolaractivitiesinthenearfuturE.Themalfunctionofelectronicdevicesisjustoneoftheeffects.Sunspots太阳黑子serveasanindicatorofthesun'sactivity.Forthepasttwoyearssunspotshavemostlybeenmissing.Theirabsencethelongestinnearly100yearshastakenevensunwatchersbysurprisE.Whenthenumberofsunspotsdropsattheendofeach11-yearcyclesolarstormsdiedownandallbecomemuchcalmer.Thissolarminimumdoesn'tlastlong.Withinayearsunspotsandsolarstormsbegintobuildtowardanewcrescendo_thenextsolarmaximum.What'sspecialaboutthislatestcycleisthatthesunishavingtroublestartingthenextsolarcyclE.Thesunbegantocalmdowninlate2007sonooneexpectedmanysunspotsin2008.Theyshouldreturnin2010.Scientistshavepredictedthatthenextsolarcyclecouldbethemostactiveonrecord:moresunspotsandmoresolarstorms.Howeversunspotsaremostlymissingnow.SincetheearthisinclosecontactwiththesunstrongsolaractivitiescanbringtroubletoourlifE.Peopleofthe21stcenturyrelyonhigh-techsystemsforthebasicsofdailylifE.Airtravelandradiocommunicationscanbeaffectedbystrongsolaractivities.A.bigsolarstormcouldcause20timesmoreeconomicdamagethanHurricaneKatrinA.Whatthesunwilldonextisbeyondourabilitytopredict.Mostastronomersthinkthatthesolarcyclewillgoonbutatlowlevel.Howeverthereisalsoevidencethatthesunislosingitsabilitytoproducesunspots.By2015theycouldbegonealtogether.1.Thesunwatchersfeelsurprisedat________.A.thelongestsunspots'absenceB.thelargestsunspotnumberC.themalfunctionofelectronicdevicesD.theseriousdamagebysunspots2.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordcrescendoinParagraph3mostprobablymean?A.smallnumberB.highlevelC.usualcycleD.freshstart3.Wecaninferthatinthepasttwoyears________.A.solaractivitieshavebroughtmuchtroubletoourlifeB.thenumberofsunspotshasincreasedtoalargeextentC.thesolarminimumtooktheplaceofthesolarmaximumD.ourcellphoneshaveseldombeeninterruptedbythesolarstorm4.Whichstatementdoesthetextleadyoutobelieve?A.SolaractivitiesdonoharmtoourdailylifE.B.HurricaneKatrinaisalsoatypeofsolarstorms.C.It'sdifficulttopredictsunspots.D.Fromnowonthere'renosunspots.

Thebabymonkeyismuchmoredevelopedatbirththanthehumanbaby.Almostfromthemomentitisbornthebabymonkeycanmovearoundandholdtightlytoitsmother.Duringthefirstfewdaysofitslifethebabywillapproachandholdontoalmostanylargewarmandsoftobjectinitsenvironmentparticularlyifthatobjectalsogivesitmilk.Afteraweekorsohoweverthebabymonkeybeginstoavoidnewcomersandfocusesitsattentionsonmother－therealmotherorthemother­substitute母亲替代物.Duringthefirsttwoweeksofitslifewarmthisperhapsthemostimportantpsychological心理的thingthatamonkeymotherhastogivetoitsbaby.TheHarlowsacouplewhoarebothpsychologistsdiscoveredthisfactbyofferingbabymonkeysachoiceoftwotypesofmothersubstitutes—onecoveredwithclothandonemadeofbarewirE.Ifthetwoartificialmotherswereboththesametemperaturethelittlemonkeysalwayspreferredtheclothmother.Howeverifthewiremodelwasheatedwhiletheclothmodelwascoolforthefirsttwoweeksafterbirththebabymonkeyspickedthewarmwiremother­substitutesastheirfavorites.Thereaftertheyswitchedandspentmostoftheirtimeonthemorecomfortableclothmother.Whyisclothpreferabletobarewire?SomethingthattheHarlowscalledcontact接触comfortseemstobetheanswerandamostpowerfulinfluenceitis.Babymonkeysspendmuchoftheirtimerubbingagainsttheirmothers'skinsputtingthemselvesinasclosecontactwiththeparentastheycan.Whenevertheyounganimalisfrighteneddisturbedorannoyedittypicallyrushestoitsmotherandrubsitselfagainstherbody.Wiredoesn'trubaswellasdoessoftcloth.Prolonged长时间的contactcomfortwithaclothmotherappearstogivethebabiesconfidenceandismuchmorerewardingtothemthaniseitherwarmthormilk.AccordingtotheHarlowsthebasicqualityofababy'sloveforitsmotheristrust.IfthebabyisputintoanunfamiliarplayroomwithoutitsmotherthebabyignoresthetoysnomatterhowinterestingtheymightbE.Itscreamsinterrorandcurlsupintoafurrylittleball.IfitsclothmotherisnowintroducedintotheplayroomthebabyrushestoitandholdsontoitfordearlifE.AfterafewminutesofcontactcomfortitobviouslybeginstofeelmoresecurE.Itthenclimbsdownfromthemother­substituteandbeginstoexplorethetoysbutoftenrushesbackforadeepembrace拥抱asiftomakesurethatitsmotherisstillthereandthatalliswell.Bitbybititsfearsofthenewenvironmentaregoneanditspendsmoreandmoretimeplayingwiththetoysandlessandlesstimeholdingontoitsmother.47.Psychologicallywhatdoesthebabymonkeydesiremostduringthefirsttwoweeksofitslife?A.Warmth.B.Milk.C.Contact.D.Trust.48.WhatdoesthebabymonkeyprobablygainfromprolongedcontactcomfortA.Attention.B.Softness.C.ConfidencE.D.Interest.49.Itcanbeinferredthatwhenthebabymonkeyfeelssecure________.A.itfrequentlyrushesbackforadeepembracewhenexploringthetoysB.itspendsmoretimescreamingtogetrewardsC.itislessattractedtothetoysthoughtheyareinterestingD.itcareslessaboutwhetheritsmotherisstillaround50.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto________.A.givethereasonsfortheexperimentB.presentthefindingsoftheexperimentC.introducethemethodoftheexperimentD.describetheprocessoftheexperiment

Haveyoueverbeenoutonaboatandfeltitliftedupbyawave?Orhaveyoujumpedinthewaterandfelttherushofenergyaswavescameoveryou?askedJamieTayloroftheWaveEnergyGroupattheUniversityofEdinburgh.ThereiscertainlyalotofenergyinwaveshesaiD.Scientistsareworkingtousethatenergytomakeelectricity.Mostwavesarecreatedwhenwindsblowacrosstheocean.Thewindstartsoutbymakinglittleripples涟漪butiftheykeeponblowingthoseripplesgetbiggerandbiggerandturnintowavesTaylorsaiD.Wavesareoneofnature’swaysofpickingupenergyandthensendingitoffonajourney.Whenwavescometowardtheshorepeoplecansetupdamstoblockthewaterandsenditthroughalargewheelcalledaturbine涡轮机.Theturbinecanthenpoweranelectricalgeneratortoproduceelectricity.TheresourceishugesaidJanetSwainoftheWorldWatchInstitutE.Wewillneverrunoutofwavepower.Besideswaveenergydoesnotcreatethesamepollutionasotherenergysourcessuchasoilorcoal.OceanscoverthreequartersoftheEarth’ssurface—thatwouldmakewavepowerseemidealforcreatingenergythroughouttheworldthoughtherearesomeweakpointsyettoovercomE.Swainsaidthatwavepowerstillcoststoomuchmoney.Shealsosaidthatitseffectsonseaanimalsarestillunknown.WhatismorewavepowercouldaffectfishingandboattraffiC.Traditionalsourcesofenergylikeoilandgasmaysomedayrunout.DemandforenergytopowerourTVsandcomputersdriveourcarsandheatandcoolourhomesisrisingrapidlythroughouttheworldSwainsaiD.Inthefuturewhenyouturnonalightanoceanwavecouldbeprovidingtheelectricity!Thewriterusesthetwoquestionsatthebeginningofthepassageto.testthereaders’knowledgeaboutwavesdrawthereaders’attentiontothetopicshowJamieTaylor’simportanceinvitethereaderstoanswerthemTheunderlinedphrasepickingupisclosestinmeaningto.A.startingagainB.speedingupC.improvingD.gatheringWecanmakebetteruseofwaveenergyifwe.shortenitsjourneytothousandsofhomesbuildmoresmallpowerstationsontheoceansreducethecostofturningitintoelectricpowerquickenthestepsofproducingelectricityItcanbeinferredthatsomedaywemightnotworryabout.A.ourpowersupplyB.ourboattrafficC.airpollutionD.oursupplyofseafish

AdesertisabeautifullandofsilenceandspacE.Thesunshinesthewindblowsandtimeandspaceseemendless.Nothingissoft.Thesandandrocksarehardandmanyoftheplantsevenhavehardneedlesinsteadofleaves.Thesizeandlocation分布oftheworld'sdesertsarealwayschanging.Overmillionsofyearsasclimateschangeandmountainsrisenewdryandwetareasdevelop.Butwithinthelast100yearsdesertshavebeengrowingatafrighteningspeeD.Thisispartlybecauseofnaturalchangesbutthegreatestmakersarehumans.Humanscanmakedesertsbuthumanscanalsopreventtheirgrowth.AlgeriaMauritaniaisplantingasimilarwallaroundNouakchottthecapital.Iranputsathincoveringofpetroleum石油onsandyareasandplantsandtrees.Theoilkeepsthewaterandsmalltreesinthelandandmenonmotorcycles摩托车keepthesheepandgoatsaway.TheUSSRandIndiaarebuildinglongcanalstobringwatertodesertareas.21.Inthispassagetheunderlinedwordneedlesrefersto________.A.smallthinpiecesofsteelB.longthinpiecesofbranchesC.smallpointedgrowthonthestem茎ofaplantD.smallthinpiecesofsticks22.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Thegreatestdesertmakersarehumans.B.Therearen'tanylivingthingsinthedeserts.C.Desertshavebeengrowingquickly.D.Thesizeofthedesertsisalwayschanging.23.Peopleinsomecountriesarefightingabattleagainst________.A.thegrowthofdesertsB.thedisappearanceofdesertplantsC.naturalchangesD.congenitalclimate24.ChoosethesentencewhichbestgivesthepurposeofthepassagE.A.Thedesertsoftheworldarealwayschanging.B.Manistotakemeasurestocontrolthegrowthoftheworld'sdeserts.C.DesertsarelandsofsilenceandspacE.D.Desertshavegrownatafastpaceinthepast10years.

Showthemthemoney!That’swhatsomepeoplearesayingforcollegeathletes.Theysaystudentswhoplaysportsfortheirschoolshouldreceivesalaries.TopathletesshouldbepaidbecausemanyofthempracticefulltimeMarkJamesonargues.RicoCannonaformercollegefootballplayeragrees.Nonathletescangetajobforextraspendingmoneybutmanystudentathletesspendsomanyhoursintrainingthattheydon’thavetimetoworkheexplains.Shouldn’tathletesbeabletoearnextramoneytoo?Thestudentsalsomakemoneyfortheirschoolswhenpeoplebuyticketstotheirgames.TheplayersshouldreceivesomeofthatcashsupporterRobbiePokorareasons.Collegeathletesareabouthonorandtraditionbutthey’realsoabusiness.Thankstoticketsalesthere’smoneyforschoolstobuildnewathleticstadiumsandgivethecoacheshighsalaries.Thecashshouldbesharedwithathletes.They’retheonesoutonthefieldorcourtworkinghardfortheirschool.Themoneymatterhasotherscryingfoulthough.KaitlynRentalaarguesthatcollegesshouldnotpaytheirathletes.Studentsareinschooltogetaneducation.Playingasportisanextracurricular课外的activitynotajoB.Ifathletesneedextramoneytheycanapplyforcollegescholarships奖学金.MichaelMassettisamiddleschoolteacherandafootballandabasketballcoach.Heagrees.AthletesshouldbepaidwithscholarshipslikenonathletesareMassettexplains.Inadditionifcollegespaytheirathletesthosestudentsmightfocusmoreonsportsthanontheireducation.MoststudentsdonotbecomeprofessionalathletesaftercollegE.IftheyfocustoomuchonsportstheymaynotlearntheskillstheyneedtogetgoodjobsKateMacraereasons.Plusshesaysmanyathleteshaveschoolshipsthathelpthempayforschool.72.WhatisRicoCannon’sopiniononpayingstudentathletes?A.Theymakemoneyfortheirschoolsandshouldreceivesalaries.B.TrainingleavesthemnotimetoworkandtheyshouldbepaiD.C.Playingasportatschoolisnotajobandtheyshouldn’tbepaiD.D.TheycanapplyforscholarshipsandshouldnotbepaiD.73.Whosupportstheideaofpayingstudentathletes?A.KaitlynRentalaB.RobbiePokoraC.MichaelMassettD.KateMacrae74.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartcryingfoulinParagraph5mean?A.Makingnoprogress.B.Givingupbeliefs.C.havingdifferentopinionsD.Takingnointerest.75.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.Paytoplay?——Willitbepopularwithcollegeathletes?B.Collegeathletesmakealotofmoneyfortheirschools.C.Collegeathletescanapplyforscholarshipsastheirsalaries.D.Paytoplay?——Shouldcollegeathletesbepaid?

Olderfathershaveuglierchildrenresearchershaveclaimedafterlinkingagetogeneticmutations变异.Thefindingcomesweeksafterleadingscientistsreportedchildrenborntomenovertheageof45runahigherriskofhavingautismandmentaldisorders.Withagesperm精子-producingcellsdonotcopyaman’sDNAaseffectivelyleadingtogeneticmutations.MartinFielderananthropologist人类学家atViennaUniversitytoldtheSundayTimes:'Every16yearsthemutationratedoubles.Otherresearchersfound25mutationsperspermina20-year-oldbutatage40itis65mutations.By56itdoublesagain.Theeffectisveryvisible-someoneborntoafatherof22isalready5-10percentmoreattractivethanthosewitha40-year-oldfatherandthedifferencegrowswiththeagegap.Incontrastwomenpassonamaximumof15mutationstotheirbabyregardlessofageaccordingtothestudypublishedinthejournalNaturE.Surveyingagroupofsixmenandsixwomenresearchersshowedthemeach4018photographsof18-20-year-oldmenand4416ofwomenthesameageandaskedtoassesstheirattractiveness.ThosewitholderfatherswereconsistentlyconsideredlessattractivE.HoweverthechildrenofoldermenthoughlessattractivearelikelytooutlivetheirpeerswithyoungerfathersitisclaimeD.ProfessorLeeSmithageneticistatEdinburghUniversitytoldtheSundayTimesotherresearchfoundsuchchildrenhavelongertelomeres端粒-thecapsontheendofchromosomes染色体---whichareassociatedwithlongerlifE.Butthemountingresearchconnectingparents’agewithautismiscauseforconcernexpertswarn.Autismisanumbrellatermforarangeofdevelopmentaldisordersthathavealifelongeffectonsomeone’sabilitytointeractsociallyandcommunicateopenly.IntheUKaroundonein100adultsisthoughttobeaffectedbyautismmostlymencausedbyacombinationofgeneticandenvironmentalfactors.Researcherssaidmenshouldbeadvisedaboutthepotentialproblemsinordertohelptheirpersonaldecision-makingwhenitcametohavingfatheringchildrenatolderages.Theywarnedthatadvancingpaternalagefacedariskof‘numerouspublichealthandsocietalproblems’.Amongwell-knownolderdadsareSimonCowell54whosesonwasbornearlierthismonthandcomedianFrankSkinnerwhosefirstchildwasbornin2012whenhewas55.72.Fromthepassageweknowthat_______.A.GeneticmutationsarecausedbyoldageandphysicaldisordersB.Whenamanbecomesoldersperm-producingcellscopyhisDNAlesseffectivelyC.OneoftheadvantagesolderfathershaveisthattheirchildrencanlivealongerlifeD.Researchersadvisementoavoidhavingfatheringchildrenatolderages.73.Whatdoesthepassagesayaboutautism?_______A.GeneticmutationsinsideapersoncauseautismB.EnvironmentalfactorscontributetoautismC.IntheUKonepercentofitspopulationareaffectedbyautismD.Autismpreventspeoplefrominteractingsociallyandcommunicatingopenly74.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?______A.AgingisthecauseofgeneticmutationsB.Mothershavelesseffectontheirchildren’sappearancethanfathersC.ChildrenborntoyoungerfathersaremoreattractiveinlooksthanthoseborntoolderfathersandthedifferencegrowswiththeagegapD.SimonCowellandFrankSkinnerarementionedasanexampletoshowthatolderfathershaveuglierchildren75.Thewholepassageisdevelopedmainlybymeansof________.A.showingexamplesB.makingargumentsC.presentingtheoriesD.providingdataandfacts

LookatthecentercirclesofDiagramA.andDiagramB.Whichofthecentrecircleslookslarger?InDiagramB?InfacttheyareexactlythesamesizE.Thenlookatthepictureontheright.Whatdoyousee?A.vase?OrtwofacesDoesthepicturechangequicklyfromonetotheotheragainandagain?MaybeormaybenotbutyoucanneverseethematthesametimE.What’shappening?Issomethingwrongwithmyeyes?YoumaywonderatwhatyouseE.Don’tworry.Hereishowitgoes:Whenwelookatthingsoureyessendmessagestoourbrainsandthenourbrainsinterprettheinformation.Howeversometimesourbrainsinterpretthereceivedinformationinawrongway.Itseemsthatoureyesareplayingajokeonus.Thisoftenhappensandwecallitvisualillusion错误.Moviemakersoftenmakeuseofvisualillusions.Theymaketheobjectsaroundactorsmuchsmallerorbiggerthanusual.ThismakesusbelievethattheactorsaremuchlargerorsmallerthantheyusuallyarE.ThemoviesJurassicParkandHoneyIshrunkthekidsjustmakeuseofvisualillusions.36.WhydoesthecentrecircleinDiagramA.looksmallerthanthatinDiagramB?A.Somethingiswrongwithoureyes.B.ThetwocirclesarenotthesamesizE.C.Ourbrainsinterprettheinformationinawrongway.D.Thetwopictureschangequicklyfromonetotheother.37.What’stherightorderaccordingtothepassage?A.Welookatthingswithoureyes.B.Ourbrainsinterpretthemessages.C.Ourbrainstelluswhatwehaveseen.D.Oureyessendmessagestoourbrains.A.adbcB.cabdC.acdbD.bcad38.Whatdomoviemakersmakeuseofvisualillusionsfor?A.TohelptheactorslookbetterB.TomaketheactorsmuchbraverC.TohelptheactorsbecomestrongerD.Tomaketheactorsseemdifferentinsize39.InthepictureontherightitseemsthatLineABisshorterthanLineCDbutinfactLineABisaslongasLineCD.Whichparagraph段落canexplainwhathashappenedtooureyes?A.ThesecondonE.B.ThethirdonE.C.ThefourthonE.D.ThefifthonE.

PreviouslyIheardastoryaboutamotherwhohadtwodaughters.Shelovedthemverymuchbuttwogirlswouldfightwitheachotherfromtheirearliestyears.Astheygrewoldertheybecametotalstrangers.Theyhadnocontactwitheachotherwhentheywereadults.Thiscausedthemothergreatpain.ThenlatershehadanideA.Shedecidedtowritealettertothem.Inthislettershetoldthemhowmuchshelovedthemandhowshewantedthemtoloveeachotherinthisway.Shealsogavethemnewsofherselfandsomeguidanceonhowtheymightlivehappierlives.Whentheletterwasreadyshewroteoutonecopyforeachdaughterbutthesecopieswerespecial.Eachcopycontainedonlyeverysecondsentenceoftheoriginalletter.Thecopyforonedaughterhadonlytheeven偶数的sentencesandtheotherdaughter’scopycontainedonlytheodd奇数的sentences.Neithercopymadesenseonitsown.Neithercontainedthefullnessofthemother’smessagE.WhenthetwodaughtersreceivedtheirletterstheywerepuzzleD.IftheyreallywantedtoknowwhattheletterssaidtheywouldhavetoputthetwoletterstogetherandreadthemasonE.Thatmeanttheymustapproachoneanotheragaininmutual彼此的loveandrespect.Foralongtimethemotherwaitedinvain.Bothdaughterstriedtounderstandthehalf-letterbuttheyeachblamedtheotherfornothelpingthem.Eachdaughterthoughtsheknewhermotherbetter.Thenonedaywhenthemotherhadalmostgivenuphopetherewasaknockatthedoor.Theretheystoodtogether.We’vecomehometheysaidatthesametimE.We’vefinallyputourletterstogetherandwe’vecometosayhowmuchweloveyouMum.ThenshehuggedthembothtearsofjoystreamingdownhercheeksandwelcomedthembackhomE.61.Whenthetwodaughterswereyoungthey____.A.hadnocontactwitheachotherB.dislikedeachotherC.showeddeeploveforeachotherD.didnotlovetheirmother62.Whydidthemothergiveherdaughtersincompleteletters?A.Shewantedtotellthemhergoodnewsandbadnews.B.Shehopedtheywouldaskherformoreinformation.C.Shehopedtheywouldapproacheachotherandmakeup.D.Shethoughtshecouldchangetheirattitudetowardsher.63.Whatdidthetwodaughtersdosoonaftertheyreceivedtheirletters?A.Theyblamedeachotheragainasusual.B.Theymadepeacewitheachotherquickly.C.TheyrealizedthemistakestheyhadmadE.D.Theyapologizedtotheirmother.64.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat_____.A.lovecanneitherbeboughtnorsoldB.faultsarethickwhenloveisthinC.withoutrespectlovecan’tgofarD.lovecanhelpenemiesbecomefriends65.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.AnUnusualLetterB.A.Mother’sEndlessLoveC.SpecialDaughtersD.DeepLovefromDaughters

Ourparticularparentingstylereflectsourownwayoflooking.Here’sagreatpieceofwritingreflectingparent’sparticularwaysontheparentingstylethathavebecomeknownhumorouslyashelicopterparentingandsubmarine潜水艇parenting.Helicopterparentshoverovertheirchildrenmanagingeveryaspectoftheirchild’slifE.OnthecontrarysubmarineparentsremainhiddencomingtothesurfacewhenguidanceisneedeD.Whilehelicopterparentsmayhavethebestintentionsinrealitytheyareraisingchildrenwithfewproblemsolvingskills.ChildrenwithhoveringparentsnevergetthechancetofacedisappointmentandbuilduptheirabilitytorecoverfrommisfortunE.ThinkaboutyourtypicalsubmarinE.Submarinesusuallyremainunderwater.Incaseofaneedforemergencysurfacingsubmarinescanrisesoquicklytheyaredrivenpartiallyoutofthewater.Submarineparentsalsoremainoutofsightyetabletopopupinthecaseofanemergency.IadmitI’masubmarinemom.Myjobasaparentistohavefunwithmydaughterswhilelettingthemexploreandlearnnaturalconsequences.Myolderdaughterfoundherselfactingincommercialsandmakingmorethanminimumwageasateen.TogiveherasenseoftherealworldIinsistedshespendthreeweekseverysummerpickingstrawberriesandearning$3.50onagoodday.WhenmyyoungestdaughterSondrawassixshewantedaveryexpensiveAmericanGirlDoll.Icutthefullcolor18-inchpictureoutoftheAmericanGirlcatalogueandhaditlaminated压膜.Here’syourAmericanGirlDoll.IsaidWhenyouturnnineI’llbuyyouthe3Ddollonyourbirthday.Sondraplayedwithherflatdollformonthsmakingclothesandfurnitureforher.Shelearnedcreativity.Isaved$88.00.61.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Variousmeansoftransportation.B.Funnyexperiencesofamom.C.Humorousstoriesaboutparents.D.Differentstylesofparenting.62.TheunderlinedphrasehoveroverinParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto____.A.leavebehindB.flyaroundC.watchoverD.setaside63.Whichofthefollowingistrueofhelicopterparents?A.TheygivetheirchildrenproperguidancE.B.Theytrytodoeverythingfortheirchildren.C.Theyteachtheirchildrenhowtofacefailures.D.Theyhelptheirchildrenexplorebythemselves.64.ItcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphsthatMom____.A.hasgoodparentingskillsB.isalwaysmakingpromisesC.isstrictwithherdaughterD.triesherbesttosavemoney65.Theauthorsupportsherpointofviewmainlyby____.A.statingfactsandofferingadviceB.usingfiguresandgivingevidenceC.analyzingdataanddrawingconclusionsD.makingcomparisonsandgivingexamples

UniversityofSussexscientistsworkingwithresearchersinBrazilhavefoundthefirstexampleofasoldierbeE.TheystudiedacommontropicalbeeTetragoniscaangustulainSaoPauloStateinBrazilwhereit'sknownlocallyasJataí.Itnestsintreesandwallholes.Eachnesthasonequeenandupto10000workers.InsectsocietiessuchastheJataí'sarecooperativeandselflesstheworkerscaringforthenestandthequeen'schildren.Thislifestylealsoincludesthedivisionoflabouramongworkers.Theresearchstatesthat●Jataíguardbeesare30percentheavierthantheirforager觅食工蜂nestmates.●Theyareslightlydifferentfromforagersinshapewithlargerlegsandsmallerheads.●Approximatelyonepercentofworkerbeesraisedinacolony蜂群aresoldier－sizeD.●Jataísoldiersstandonthenestentrancetubeandalsoflyaroundneartheentrancewheretheyprovideearlywarningdetectionofenemyattack.LikeothersocialinsectsJataíusesguardworkerstoprotectthenest.A.previousstudybytheteamhadshownthattheseguardswerespecialistswhoperformedguardingdutiesforfarlongeruptothreeweeksthanothertypesofworkerbeessuchasthehoneybeeswhospendjustonedayguardingthenestprogressingtoothertasksastheygetolder.ThenewresearchshowsthatJataíguardsunliketheirhoneybeecounterpartsarephysicallyspecializedtoperformaparticulartask.Havinglarger－bodiedguardsisimportantfornest－defenseasthey'rebetteratfightingoneofJataí'smainenemies—therobberbeeLestrimelittalimaowhichcankilloffmanycolonieswhenattackingnestsforfooD.EventhoughtheJataíguardlacksasting蛰刺andiseventuallykilleditcanknockitsheadontothewingofarobberbeepreventingitfromflying.Large－bodiedsoldierworkershavelongbeenknowninantsandwhiteantsbutthisisthefirstevidenceofasoldierbeE.1.WhatdoweknowaboutTetragoniscaangustula?A.Ithasnosting.B.Itlivesinforests.C.Itisarareinsect.D.Ithasasmallfamily.2.ComparedtoforagersJataíguardbees____________.A.aregreaterinnumberB.differgreatlyinshapeC.havebiggerheadsD.havelargerbodies3.TheunderlinedwordcounterpartsinParagraph4mostprobablyrefersto____________.A.workersB.foragersC.robbersD.guards4.ItcanbeinferredthattheJataíguards____________.A.areveryselflessandbraveB.caneasilydefeattheirenemiesC.aretheonlyguardsintheircolonyD.willtakeonothertaskswhengettingold

SeenfromspacetheearthiscoveredwithabluemantlE.Itisaplanetonwhichthecontinents洲大陆aredwarfed相形见绌bytheoceansurroundingthemandthevastnessofthemarine海洋的areA.Anastonishing80percentofalllifeonearthistobefoundhiddenbeneaththewavesandthisvastglobaloceandrivesthenaturalforceswhichkeeplifeonourplanet.TheoceanprovidesnecessarysourcesofproteinenergymineralsandotherproductsandtherollingoftheseaacrosstheplanetcreatesoverhalfouroxygendrivesweathersystemsandnaturalflowsofenergyandnutrientsaroundtheworldtransportswatermassesmanytimesgreaterthanalltheriversonlandcombinedandkeepstheearthsuitableforlivingthingstosurvivE.Withouttheglobaloceantherewouldbenolifeonearth.ItisseriouslyworryingthenthatwearedamagingtheoceanonalevelthatisunimaginabletomostpeoplE.Wenowknowthathumanactivitycanhaveaseriousinfluenceonthevitalforcesofourplanet.Wehavefundamentallychangedourglobalclimateandarejustbeginningtounderstandtheconsequencesofthat.Asyetlargelyunseenbutjustasseriousaretheinfluenceswearehavingontheocean.A.healthyoceanhasdiverseecosystemsandstrongandhealthyhabitats.TheactualstateofouroceanisafarcryfromthisnaturalstatE.A.lotofpressureisbeingputdirectlyandindirectlyonoceanecosystemsbyhumanactivities.ConsequentlyecosystemsarebreakingdownasmarinespeciesareindangerofdyingoutandoceanhabitatsarebeingdestroyeD.Withthedecreaseintheirdiversityoceanecosystemsarelosingtheirnaturalwayofrecovery.WeneedtodefendtheoceannowmorethaneverbecauseclimatechangeishavingapotentiallydisastrousimpactonthemarineworlD.1.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2?A.WhattheoceanlookslikE.B.Whattheoceanismadeupof.C.Whatliveintheocean.D.Whatfunctionstheoceanhas.2.Accordingtothetexttheoceandirectlyprovidespeoplewith____.A.waterformingriversB.comfortablehabitatsC.allthenaturalforcestheyneedD.drivingforcesforenergyandnutrients3.Itisnotrealizedbymanypeoplethatwehave____.A.donegreatharmtotheoceanB.benefitedgreatlyfromtheoceanC.fundamentallychangedourglobalclimateD.beguntosuffertheconsequencesofpollution4.Thebesttitleforthistextwouldbe____.A.ProtectingOurPlanetB.DefendingOurOceanC.GettingtoKnowOurPlanetD.MakeGoodUseofOurOcean

Marswasthefirstplanetthathumansattemptedtogetto.Sincethe1960’sscientistshavebeenworkingtolearnmoreinformationabouttheMars’pastWenowknowthatMarswasonceawarmwetplacewithgreatoceansanddeeprivers.Wealsoknowthatabout3.7billionyearsagoallthatwaterdisappearedwhentheplanetlostitsair.ButwhydidtheatmosphereonMarschangesogreatly?NASAhadlaunchedtheMAVENspacecraftinthehopeofansweringthatveryquestion.MAVENwillstudytheremainsofMars’airandhelpscientistsfigureoutwhatbecameoftherestofit.ThespacecraftwaslaunchedonMondayNovember182013fromCapeCanaveralFlorida.ThetriptoMarstakesabout10months.andMAVENisscheduledtogointoorbitinSeptember2014.ItisthefirstspacecraftcreatedwiththepurposeofstudyingMars'atmosphere.Itswingspan翼展measures37.5feetnotquitethelengthofaschoolbusanditweighs1991poundsaboutthesameamountasasmallcar.MAVENisequippedwitheightdifferenttoolstomeasureandstudytheplanet’satmosphere.Tocollectinformationitwillflyinorbitasfastas3278milesperhourandasslowas93milesperhour.OnceitarrivedatMarsMAVENwillhaveplentyofcompany.ThespacecraftCuriosityisstillwalkingaroundtheplanet’srockysurfacestudyingthegeologychemistryandpossiblebiologythere.NASAcurrentlyhasanumberofspacecraftsgettinguniqueviewsofMarswithpowerfulcamerasandtelescopes.Thesemissionsareallslowsteadysteps.forwardtodiscoverMarssecretpast.Whiletheresultsmaynotberevealedforsometimeanexcitingexplorationisontheway.56.Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat________A.allthescientistswantedtoliveonMarsB.spaceshipshavebeensentuptoMarssince1960sC.peoplehavehadabetterknowledgeofMarsnowadaysD.allthewateronMarshasbeengonefortenbillionyears57.TheMAVENspacecrafthasbeenlaunchedwiththepurposeof________A.assistingCuriosityinstudyingthegeologyofMars.B.analyzingthechangeoftheatmosphereonMarsC.checkingwhetherwaterstillexistsonMarsD.analyzingwhatiscontainedinMars’air58.WhatdoweknowaboutMAVENaccordingtothetext?A.Itweighsalmostasmuchasasmallschoolbus.B.ItisscheduledtogointoorbitinDecember2014.C.ItisthesecondspacecrafttostudyMars’atmosphere.D.ItwillexploreMars’atmospherewitheightdifferenttools.59.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat__________.A.morewonderfulthingsaboutMarswillbefoundinthefutureB.morespacecraftwillbesentuptoMarsfromnowonC.manydifferenttaskswillbegiventoMAVENwhenitlandsonMarsD.manyspacecraftsareworkingaroundMarstogetmoreinformation60.Whatisthebesttitleofthistext?A.AnewdiscoveryonMarsB.AnewspacecraftsenttoMarsC.TherapiddevelopmentofMarsD.ThegreatchangeoftheMars’atmosphere

Haveyouevernoticedthecolourofthewaterinariverorstreamafteraheavyrainfall?Whatdoyouthinkcausedthischangeincolour?Itissoilthathasbeenwashedintotheriverfromtheriverbankorfromthenearbyfields.ComponentsofSoilSoilismadeupofanumberoflayers层eachhavingitsowndistinctivecolourandtexturE.Theupperlayerisknowasthelitter.Itactslikeablanketlimitingtemperaturechangesandreducingwaterloss.Thetopsoillayerismadeupofsmallparticlesofrockmixedwithrottenplantandanimalmattercalledhumus腐殖质whichisblackandgivesthetopsoilitsdarkcolour.Thislayerisusuallyrichinnutrientsoxygenandwater.Belowthetopsoilisthesubsoilalayerthatcontainsmorestonesmixedwithonlysmallamountsoforganicmatter.Thislayerislighterincolourbecauseofthelackofhumus.Beneaththesoilliesalayerofbedrock.Soilformsfromthebottomup.Overtimebedrockisattackedbyrainwindfrostandsnow.Itisgraduallybrokendownintosmallerparticlesinaprocesscalledweathering.Plantsbegintogrowandrottenmaterialsenrichthetopsoil.MostofthesoilinEasternCanadaforexamplewasformedfromweatheredrockthatwasexposedwhentheicedisappeared12000yearsago.WaterBeneaththeSoilSurfacewatercollectsandflowsabovethegroundinlakespondsandrivers.Onceinthesoilorrockitiscalledgroundwater.Gravitypullsgroundwaterthroughthesoilinaprocesscalledpercolation渗透.EventuallythewaterreachesalayercalledthewatertablE.UnderthisisbedrockthroughwhichwatercannotpercolatE.Aswaterpercolatesdownwarditdissolvesorganicmatterandmineralsfromthesoilandcarriesthemtodeeperlayers.Thiscausesaseriousproblembecauseplantsrequirethesenutrientsforgrowth.SoilpHSoilcanbeacidicneutralorbasiC.ThepHofthesoilisdeterminedbythenatureoftherockfromwhichitwasformedandbythenatureoftheplantsthatgrowandrotinit.TheacidityofrainandsnowcanlowerthepHofthegroundwaterthatentersthesoil.Byburningfossilfuelssuchascoaloilandgasolinehumanshavebeencontributingtohigherlevelsofacidityinmanysoils.Whenfossilfuelsareburnedgasesarereleasedintotheairandthenfallbacktoearthasacidrain.Acidsoilincreasestheproblemofcarryingnutrientstolowersoillevels.AsnutrientsareremovedsoilislessfertilE.Plantsgrowmoreslowlyinacidicsoilandalsobecomeeasilyattackedbydiseases.1.Thelayerofsoilthatprovidesnecessarynutrientsforplantgrowthiscalled.A.litterB.topsoilC.humusD.subsoil2.AccordingtothetextwhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.SoilformsfromweatheredrockontheearthsurfacE.B.Thedeeperlayerofsoilisdarkerincolourthanthesurfacesoil.C.Airpollutionispartiallyresponsibleforacidsoil.D.Groundwatertendstocarryawaynutrientsforplantgrowth.3.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatthewatertablelies.A.betweenthetopsoillayerandthesubsoillayerB.inthesubsoillayerabovebedrockC.betweenthesubsoillayerandbedrockD.inthebedrocklayerbeneaththesubsoil4.Theunderlinedworddissolveisusedtoexpresstheideathatorganicmatterandmineralsfromsoilare.A.rushedawayintotheriverB.cleanedandpurifiedbywaterC.destroyedandcarriedawaybywaterD.mixedwithwaterandbecomepartofit

GrowersaroundtheworldareusingnewmethodstogrowgrapestomakewinE.Theyusenaturalandorganicmethodstocontrolharmfulinsectsandweedsinsteadofusingchemicals.NowawineryinCanadahasadoptedanaturalwaytocontrolitsgrapevines葡萄藤.TheFeatherstoneWineryisinsouthernOntario.Thegrapevineslikeotherplantsneedtobecuteveryyear.Cuttinggrapevinesmustbedoneverycarefully.Onlyatargetedareaofleavesisremovedfromthelowerpartofthevinestohelpthegrapesgrowbetter.ButattheFeatherstoneWinerynomanormachinedoesthecutting.Insteadthejobisdoneby40littlewoolylambs.DavidJohnsonownsthevineyard葡萄园.HesayshelearnedaboutusinglambswhilevisitingwineriesinNewZealanD.TheyounglambsareperfectlydesignedtodothejoB.TheyeatthegrapeleavesonthelowerpartsofthevinE.Buttheyarenottallenoughtoreachthegrapes.Theyonlyweighabout22kilogramssotheydonotbeatdownthesoil.Andtheirwastemakesgoodorganicfertilizer.Inadditionusingthelambscostsmuchlessthanhiringworkerstocutthevinesforsevenweeksinsummer.AndwhenthecuttingisdoneinAugustthelambsbecometastydishes.Mr.JohnsonsayshehadadifficulttimefindingenoughlambstodothejoB.Thereareabout50millionlambsinNewZealanD.ButtherearenotnearlyasmanyinOntario.Alsosomeorganicpesticides杀虫剂areharmfultolambs.Andthelambsmustbewatchedtomakesuretheydonoteattoomuchofthegrapevines.DavidJohnsonsaysthelambshelphimcarryouthisenvironmentalideasaboutfarming.TheyarelovelyandpeacefulandhelikeshavingtheminhisvineyarD.PeoplevisitingthevineyardalsoenjoywatchingthelambsdotheirjoB.29.Farmerswhogrowgrapeswithnaturalandorganicmethods________.A.don'tcutgrapevineseveryyearB.don'tusechemicalstocontrolharmfulinsectsandweedsC.don'tneedtocontrolharmfulinsectsandweedsD.don'tuseorganicfertilizer30.Inordertohelpthegrapesgrowbettergrowers________.A.onlyhavetoremovethedeadleavesB.needtoremoveaspecificareaofleavesC.shouldn'tremoveanypartoftheplantsD.shouldletlittlelambsdothecutting31.Paragraph4ismainlyabout________.A.thefutureofgettinglambstodothecuttingB.theworriesaboutusingorganicpesticidesC.thewaystogetlambstodothecuttingD.theproblemsrelatedtolambsdoingthecutting32.WecaninferfromthepassagethatDavidJohnson________.A.ownsseveralwineriesinCanadaB.buyslambsfromNewZealandC.isconcernedaboutprotectingtheenvironmentD.loveskeepinglambsinsteadoffarming

ReadwithGreaterSpeedDoyouhavedifficultyreadinginclass?Ifsoaspecialreadingprogrammethathelpsmatch匹配soundswithletterscouldspeedupyourbrain.AtleastoneoutofeveryfiveelementaryschoolstudentsintheU..S.hastroublelearningtoreadevenwhenthestudentsaregoodatothersubjects.Thebiggestchallengeformanyofthesekidsscientistssayismatchingsoundswithletters.ResearchersfromYaleUniversity耶鲁大学U.S..studiedagroupofchildrenfromNewYorkandConnecticutStatE.Aspartofthestudy37strugglingreadersreceivedspecialtutoring.Everydayinstructorsworkedwiththemonrecognizinghowwrittenlettersrepresentunitsofsoundcalledphonemes音素.Thestudentsalsopracticedreadingaloudandspelling.BytheendoftheschoolyearthesechildrencouldreadfasterthanbeforE.Theyalsomadefewermistakesandunderstoodmoreofwhattheyreadthantheycouldearlierintheyear.Aspartoftheirstudytheresearchersusedaspecialmachinetotakeactionphotosofthestudents'brains.ThepicturesshowedanincreaseinactivityinthebackofthebrainontheleftsidE.ThisisthesamepartofthebrainthatbecomesactivewhengoodreadersreaD.Thisactivatedbrainareaappearstoincludeastructure结构thathelpspeoplerecognizefamiliarwrittenwordsquickly.InlowerlevelreadersthisstructureremainsinactivE.Ayearlaterthebrainstructurewasstillworkinginthestudentswhohadgonethroughthespecialtutoring_andtheycontinuedtodowellinreadingtests.Anothergroupinthestudywhowentthroughamoretraditionalreadingprogrammedidn'tshowthesameprogress.Howeversomeresearchersstilldoubtthestudy.Theybelievethatreadingwithoutmakinganynoiseorlinkingwordstosoundsismoreefficient.31.Thereadingprogrammetalkedaboutinthispassageisdesignedspeciallytohelp________.A.youngpupilswhoarebackwardingeneralsubjectsB.elementarystudentswhocan'tmatchsoundswithlettersC.elementarystudentswhosebrainstructureisinactiveD.smallpupilswhohavedifficultyinreading32.Theprogrammetalkedaboutinthepassageseemsto________.A.improvestudents'abilityinstudyingB.improvestudents'abilityinreadingaloudC.activatethebrainareaontheleftsideD.activatethebrainareaontherightside33.Theresearcherswhodoubttheprogrammebelievethatstudentsshould________.A.readingaloudB.readsilentlyC.matchsoundswithlettersD.improvetheirreadingabilitynaturally34.Theunderlinedwordtutoringinthelastpassagehasasimilarmeaningto________.A.trainingB.effectC.struggleD.purpose

Thereareplentyofgoodreasonstobuyorganicproductsbutnutritionmaynotbeoneofthemsuggestsanewstudywhichfoundnodifferenceinantioxidant抗氧化剂levelsbetweenorganicallyandconventionally常规地grownonionscarrotsandpotatoes.Thestudyonlylookedatthreetypesofvegetablesandjustafewselectnutrients.Buttheexperimentwaspartofabiggerprojectthatwassosystematicandstrictlycontrolledthatthefindingslikelyapplytoothercropstoo.GivingpreferencetoorganicproductsbecausetheycontainmorebioactivecomponentsisdoubtfulandnotsupportedbyscientificevidenceKnuthsensaiD.Stilltherearemanygoodreasonsfortheconsumertoselectorganicfoodproductsincludingabsenceofpesticideresidues农药残留infoodsanimalwelfareandenvironmentalprotections.ArgumentoverwhetherorganicproduceismorenutritiousthanconventionalvarietieshasbeenaroundforatleastadecadesaidJeffreyBlumbergdirectoroftheAntioxidantsResearchLaboratoryatTuftsUniversityinBoston.Somestudieshavesuggestedthatorganicallygrownplantscontainhigherlevelsofhealthfulantioxidantspossiblybecausesomeantioxidantsactasnaturalfungicides杀真菌剂pesticidesandinsecticideshesaiD.Theideaisthatwithouthelpfromindustrialchemicalsplantsonorganicfarmsneedtoworkhardertoprotectthemselves.Theyendupbecomingmorenutritiousasaresult.Butplentyofotherstudieshaveshownnosuchrelationship.Iunderstandthatorganicfarmerswouldlovetobeabletosaythattheirsaresuper-fruitsandsuper-vegetablesbecausetherearehigheramountsofthesecompoundsinthemBlumbergsaiD.Ifyouwanttobuythembecauseyouthinkthey’resaferfortheplanettogrowthingsthatwayorbecauseyouthinkpesticidesarebadforyouoryourfamilyoryoulikethattheycomefromashorterdistanceawaythat’sgreat.Butifyouwanttobuythembecausethey’remorenutritiousyou’reconfusedandwedon’tknowifthat’strueornot.1.Thenewstudyprovesthat.A.thereareplentyofgoodreasonstobuyorganicproduceB.nutritionisoneofthegoodreasonstobuyorganicproduceC.someorganicallyandconventionallygrownfoodshavethesameantioxidantlevelsD.organicproduceisharmfultoourhealth2.Whydopeoplepreferorganicproducts?A.Becausetheythinkorganicproductshavenobioactivecomponents.B.Becausescientificevidencesupportsorganicproductscanmakethemstronger.C.Becauseit’sprovedthatorganicproduceismorenutritiousthanconventionalvarieties.D.Becausetheythinkorganicfoodproductshavenoharmfulthings.3.Thefourthparagraphmainlytellsus.A.it’sunclearwhetherorganicproduceismorenutritiousthanconventionalvarietiesB.organicallygrownplantscontainhigherlevelsofhealthfulantioxidantsC.plantsonorganicfarmsneedtoworkhardertoprotectthemselvesD.plentyofotherstudieshaveshownnosuchrelationship4.WhichisNOTthereasonforyoutobuyorganicproductsaccordingtoBlumberg?A.Therearehigheramountsofthesecompoundsinthem.B.They’resaferfortheplanettogrowthingsthatway.C.Pesticidesarebadforyouoryourfamily.D.Theyaremorenutritious.

CookingKillsFourMillionPeopleaYear.Pollutedairborneparticles大气悬浮颗粒kill7millionpeopleayearreportstheWorldHealthOrganization.ThatnewsmaynotcomeasasurprisetoanyonewhohasseenimagesofchimneysinBeijingDelhiorMexico.Butthosefactories—oreventhejammedroadwaysofmoderncities—arenotthebiggestkiller.Eachyearsome4.3millionpeopledieearlierthantheyshouldbecauseofpollutedairinsidetheirhomessaystheWHO.What'scausingtheairinsidepeople'shomestobesopoisonousthatitkillsaround11000peopleaday?Stoves.Havinganopenfireinyourkitchenislikeburning400cigarettesanhour.saysKirkSmithaprofessorattheUniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeleywhoseresearchsuggeststhathouseholdairpollutionfromcookingkilledbetween3.5millionand4millionpeoplein2013.Notallstovescausethiskindofharm.TheonesSmith'stalkingaboutarethosethatthe3billionpeopleinthedevelopingworlduseforheatandcookingwhichburnsolidfuelssuchaswoodcoalorcropwasteinsteadofgas.Thesmokefromthosefiresproducesharmfulfineparticlesandcarbonmonoxideintohomes.Poorventilationthenpreventsthatsmokefromescapingraisingfineparticlelevels100timeshigherthanthelimitsthattheWHOconsidersacceptable.Breathingthisairdayindayouteventuallycausesalotofdiseases:morethanathirdofthe4.3milliondieofastrokewhileaquarterdieofheartdisease.Andaroundone-thirdofannuallungdiseasedeathsworldwideareduetowastefromcoalstoves.Exposuretendstobeextremelyharmfulforthepeoplewhospendthemosttimearoundthefire—usuallywomenandyoungchildren.InfacttheWHOreportsthathouseholdairpollutionalmostdoublestheriskforchildhoodlungdisease.64.AccordingtoKirkSmith'sresearch______.A.factoriesarethebiggestkillerworldwidenowadaysB.burning400cigarettesanhourisextremelydangerousC.householdairpollutionfromcookingissurprisinglyharmfulD.some4.3millionpeopledieearliereachyearthantheyshould65.Whatshouldbethedeadlykillerinahouseholdkitchen?A.Solidfuels.B.Coalstoves.C.Poorgas.D.Cookingsmoke.66.TheunderlinedwordventilationinParagraph4probablymeans______.A.airingB.cookingC.burningD.cooling67.Theauthorintendstotellpeople______.A.howtoavoidpollutedairintheirhomesB.tostopcookinginthehouseholdkitchenC.toguardagainsthouseholdpollutionfromcookingD.howtopreventchildhoodlungdiseasesinhousehold

Studiesshowthatthewaymostofusspendourmorningsisexactlyoppositetotheconditionsthatexpertstellustopromoteopen­mindedthinking.Takehurriedwake­upforexampleinastudyresearchersreportedthatimaginative富于想象的ideasaremostlikelytocometouswhenwe'repowerlessandnotfocuseD.ThebrainconditionsareattheirweakestinthesemomentsallowingunexpectedconnectionstobemadE.Sleepypeople'smoreoutwardmovingthinkingleadsthemtowidentheirsearchwhichleadstoanincreaseincreativeproblemsolving.Bynotgivingyourselftimetoadjustyourabsentmindyou'remissingthesurprisingsolutionsitmayoffer.Thestresshormone荷尔蒙canharmcertainphysicalpartsthatcoatourbraincells.DamagetothesepartsslowsdownthespeedwithwhichsignalsaretransportedmakinglightningquickFindit！momentslesslikely.Arecentstudyfoundthatsubjects被试者whowatchedasorrow­makingvideowerelessabletosolveproblemscreativelythanpeoplewhowatchedanupwardvideo.ApositivemoodwroteprofessorRubyNadlerincreasesadaptabilityofrecognitionwhileanegativeonenarrowsourscopE.SowhatshouldwedoinmorningsWe'dsetthealarmafewminutesearlyandlieawakeinbedfollowingourthoughtswheretheyleadandwritingdownanycreativethought.AndonceintheofficeoneoftherightthingstodoisdrinkcoffeE.Caffeine咖啡因notonlymakesusmorealertbutalsoincreasesthebrain'slevelofpositivehormonewhichinfluencesfeelingsofmotivationandrewardwhenwehitonagreatideA.Afterwegetthatcupofcoffeewe'ddirectourcomputerbrowsernottothenewsofthedaybuttothefunniestvideostheweboffers.Nowthere'sYouTube­videooflaughingresources.Laughingisagoodwaytostarttheday.36.WecaninferfromParagraph1thatmostpeoplemay________inmornings.A.rushtomakethemselvesawakeningB.promoteopen­mindedthinkingC.doasexpertstellthemtodoD.trytosolveproblemscreatively37.InParagraph2theauthortellsusthat________.A.thestresshormoneisakindofskinB.thestresshormonecoatsourbraincellsC.sorrow­makingvideosarelesscapablethanupwardvideosD.thestresshormonemaydamagecertainphysicalparts38.Whatmightaswellwedointhemorning?A.TosetthealarmafewminutesearlierthanworkingtimE.B.TolieawakeinbeD.C.TonotethegoodideathatoccurstouswhileinbeD.D.Toleadtowherecreativethoughtexists.

Everyonehasgooddaysandbaddays.Sometimesyoufeelasifyou’reontopoftheworldandallthequestionsonyourmathstestmightseemeasy.Butoccasionallyyoufeelhorribleandyoulosethingsandcannotfocusonourschoolwork.Formorethan20yearsscientistshavesuggestedthathighself-esteem自尊isthekeytosuccess.Nownewresearchshowsthatfocusingjustonbuildingself-esteemmaynotbehelpful.Insomecaseshavinghighself-esteemcanmakepeoplelesslikeableormoreupsetwhentheyfailinsomething.Forgetaboutself-esteemsaysJenniferCrockerapsychologistattheUniversityofMichiganUS.It’snottheimportantthing.FeelinggoodCrocker’sadvicemaysoundabitstrangE.Afterallfeelinggoodcanbegoodforyou.Studiesshowthatpeoplewithhighself-esteemarelesslikelytobedepressedanxiousshyorlonelythanthosewithlowself-esteem.Howeverafterreviewingabout18000studiesonself-esteemRoyBaumeisterapsychologistatFloridaStateUniversityhasfoundthatbuildingupyourself-esteemwillnotnecessarilymakeyouabetterperson.Hebelievesthatviolentpeopleoftenhavethehighestself-esteemofall.Healsosaid:There’snoevidencethatkidswithhighself-esteemdobetterinschool.ProblemsAlltypesofpeoplehaveproblems.Peoplewithhighself-esteemcanhavebigegos自我thatcanmakethemlesslikeablesaidKathleenVohsapsychologyprofessoratColumbiaUniversity.Peoplewithhighself-esteemtendtothinkmoreofthemselvesVOhssays.Peoplewithlowself-esteemaremorelikelytorelyontheirfriendswhentheyneedhelp.WhattodoResearcherssayitisbesttolistentoandsupportotherpeoplE.Findpositivewaystocontributetosociety.IfyoufailinsomethingtrytolearnfromtheexperiencE.Thebesttherapy药方istorecognizeyourfaultsVohssays.It’sOKtosay‘I’mnotsogoodatthat’andthenmoveon.68.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartontopoftheworldinParagraph2probablymean?A.Quitehelpful.B.Extremelyhappy.C.Veryunlucky.D.Ratherupset.69.Theconclusiondrawnfromthenewresearchshowsthathighself-esteem_____.A.isnotimportantatallB.makespeoplemorelikeableC.maynotbethekeytosuccessD.helpsyoudobetteratschool70.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtoVohs?A.Feelinggooddoesn’tmeanyouleadahappylifE.B.Peoplewithhighself-esteemalwaysseekothers’help.C.Peoplewithhighself-esteemtendtobeselfish.D.Peoplewithlowself-esteemareoftenmorepopular.71.Wecaninferfromthetextthatthebesttherapymentionedinthelastparagraphismainlyforpeople_____.A.withhighself-esteemB.withlowself-esteemC.whocontributesignificantlytosocietyD.whoareinneedofsupport

Somescientistssaythatanimalsintheoceansareincreasinglythreatenedbynoisepollutioncausedbyhumanbeings.Thenoisethataffectsseacreaturescomesfromanumberofhumanactivities.Itiscausedmainlybyindustrialunderwaterexplosionsoceandrillingandshipengines.Suchnoisesareaddedtonaturalsounds.Thesesoundsincludethebreakingoficefieldsunderwaterearthquakesandsoundsmadebyanimalsthemselves.Decibels分贝measuredinwateraredifferentfromthosemeasuredonlanD.A.noiseofonehundredandtwentydecibelsonlandcausespaintohumanears.Inwateradecibellevelofonehundredandninety－fivewouldhavethesameeffect.Somescientistshavesuggestedsettinganoiselimitofonehundredandtwentydecibelsintheoceans.Theyhaveobservedthatnoisesatthatlevelcanfrightenandconfusewhales鲸鱼.AteamofAmericanandCanadianscientistsdiscoveredthatloudernoisescanseriouslyinjuresomeanimals.Theresearchteamfoundthatpowerfulunderwaterexplosionswerecausingwhalesintheareatolosetheirhearing.Thisseriouslyaffectedthewhales'abilitytoexchangeinformationandfindtheirway.SomeofthewhalesevendieD.Theexplosionshadcausedtheirearstobleedandbecomeinfected被感染的.26.Accordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingisincreasinglydangeroustoseacreatures?A.Thesoundofcars.B.Thesoundofvoices.C.Man-madenoisepollution.D.Thesoundofsteps.27.AccordingtothepassagenaturalsoundsincludeallofthefollowingEXCEPT________.A.soundsmadebyanimalsthemselvesB.oceandrillingC.underwaterearthquakesD.thebreakingoficefields28.Whichofthefollowingisdiscussedinthethirdparagraph?A.Thesamenoiselevelproducesadifferenteffectonlandandintheocean.B.Differentplacesmayhavedifferenttypesofnoises.C.Thedecibelisnotarightunit单位formeasuringunderwaternoisE.D.Differentoceananimalsmayhavedifferentreactionstonoises.29.Whichofthefollowingistrueofwhales?A.Theywon'tbeconfusedbynoises.B.Theyaredeaftonoises.C.Theirabilitytoreproducewillbeloweredbyhigh-levelnoises.D.Theirhearingwillbedamagedbyhigh-levelnoises.30.Accordingtothepassagewhatwillscientistsmostprobablydointhefuture?A.Theywillworkhardtoreduceoceannoisepollution.B.Theywillprotectanimalsfromharmfulnoises.C.Theywilltrytosetalimitof120decibels.D.Theywillstudytheeffectofoceannoisepollution.

A.newlydiscoveredplanetlooksjustrightforlifeasweknowitaccordingtoaninternationalgroupofastronomers.Orbitingastarabout500light-yearsawaytheplanetcalledKepler-186fisaboutthesamesizeasEarth.ItorbitsitsstarattherightdistanceforliquidwateronthesurfacE.Thatisanecessaryconditionforlifeasweknowit.ButitisnotexactlylikeEarthNASAplanetaryscientistElisaQuintanasaiD.It’smoreofanEarth’scousin.It’snotanEarth’stwin.ItsharesthesamecharacteristicsasEarthbuttheirparentstarsareverydifferentsaidQuintanA.Kepler-186forbitsastarthatissmallerandcoolerthanoursun.ButwritinginthejournalSciencetheastronomerssaytheplanetappearstobeacloserrelativethanmostofthehundredsofothersdiscoveredsofar.Somearemassivegas-coveredgiantswiththickcrushingatmospheres.OthersorbittooclosetotheirstarsandaretoohotforlifE.TwoplanetsdiscoveredlastyearareintherightorbitandmightbegoodcandidatesforlifeQuintanasaysbuttheyareabitbiggerthanEarth.ForthefirsttimewecanactuallysaywenowhaveaplanetthatisbothEarth-sizedandorbitsinitsstar’shabitablezoneshesaiD.ItmaybethefirsttimebutitprobablyisnotthelastsaysMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyastrophysicistSaraSeager.We’vebeenwaitingdecadestounderstandhowcommonhabitableplanetsmightbeandit’slookinglikethey’rereallycommon.AndthisgivesusexcitementandmotivationtotakethenextstepsaidSeager.Thenextstepwouldbetolookforsignsoflifeintheatmospheresofthesedistantworlds.Thatwouldtakeamoresophisticated高端的复杂的spacetelescopE.ButbudgetcutsthreatenthatmissionsaysUniversityofCaliforniaatLosAngelesastrophysicistBenZuckerman.Inprinciplewecoulddothisinthenextfewdecades.Butinpracticebecausethere’snomoneyit’snotgonnahappen.It’snotgonnahappeninmylifetimeforexamplE.LeavingearthboundconcernsbehindNASA’sElisaQuintanabelievesthatwhenthenext-generationspacetelescopeislauncheditwillfindthatwearenotaloneintheuniversE.63.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordThatParagraph1referto?A.TherightdistancE.B.Liquidwater.C.TherightsizE.D.A.star.64.AccordingtoElisaQuintanaKepler-186f______.A.ismoreofanEarth’scousinthananEarth’stwinB.hasalotincommonwithEarthincludingtheirparentstarsC.isalotbiggerthanEarthD.issmallerandcoolerthanoursun65.BenZuckermanandElisaQuintanawouldprobablyagreethat______.A.theycancontinuetheirresearchwithoutworryingaboutmoneyB.itisthelasttimethattheyhavediscoveredsuchaplanetC.asophisticatedspacetelescopeplaysanimportantroleintheirresearchD.Earthistheonlyplanetwherewecanfindsignsoflife66.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.WherethereiswaterthereislifeB.A.planetexactlylikeEarthfoundC.LifediscoveredonKepler-186fD.NewEarth-sizeplanetfound

Comparingourselveswithothersisn’tarecentphenomenon—it’spartofourculturE.Assoonaswe’reabletoformourownthoughtsandopinionswestartcomparing.Who’staller?Who’sbetteratsports?Whohasmorefriends?Unlikeotherchildishhabitstheurgetomeasureup攀比doesn’teverreallygoaway.Infactitonlyincreaseswhenwebecometeens.AtayoungerageIfoundmyselfwantingtobecoolandwonderingwhyIwasn’tthatcoolsaidajuniorstudentMichaelTorres.SoIbegandoingwhattheydidinordertofitinwithmyownfriends.Wearefloodedwiththemessagethatweshouldcompareourselveswithothers.Magazinesadvertisementsstores—itbecomesallaboutwhatotherpeoplehaveorwhatthey’veachieveD.Socialmediaaddsanotherlayertotheproblem.FacebookTwitterandQQofferaconstantstreamofupdatesaboutthepeoplearoundus.ShegotacceptedtoHarvard?HeboughtthebrandnewNikes?They’redating?IfIgoonFacebookorTwitterandreadabouthowwonderfuleveryoneelseisI’mnotfeelinggoodaboutmyself.It’sgoingtomakemefeelworsesaidMikeRobbinsaseniorstudent.Itrynottoletthingslikethataffectmebutinthemodernworldoftechnologyit’shardnottotakenoticeofwhatothersaredoingandsometimesyouwanttobejustlikethem.Beforeyougetcaughtupinthecomparisongamekeepinmindoneveryimportantdetail:Whenitcomestosocialmediaweoftenpresentonlythethingswewantpeopletosee—thegoodfortuneshappymomentsdeliciousdessertsandbestsmiles.Thedeeperquestionis:Arepeoplereallypostingthingsonsocialmediathataretrueoraretheysimplydoingittopresentsomethingtootherpeople?It’swhatwedoinourculture:LookhowgreatIamLookhowsmartIamLookhowhappyIamandsometimesthat’struebutinalotofcasesit’snot.Whilecomparingourselvestootherscaninspireustogetaheadandworkharderitcanalsodriveuscrazy.Nexttimeyoufindyourselfwonderingifyoumeasureuprememberthis:WhatwehaveisnotameasureofwhowearE.Wealreadyhaveworthasanindividualwhenwe’reborn.Everythingelseiswhatpeoplethinkofus.53.Whendowestarttocompareourselveswithothers?A.Whenwegotojuniorschools.B.WhenwewerebornintotheworlD.C.WhenwehaveFacebookorTweeter.D.Whenwehavethoughtsandopinions.54.Accordingtotheauthorwhywouldpeopleliketopostwonderfulthingsonsocialmedia?A.Toshowofftheirlives.B.Togetadvicefromreaders.C.Tosharehappinesswithothers.D.Tocommunicateusefulinformation.55.Theauthorpresentsthephenomenonofthecomparisonby_________.A.listingalotoffiguresB.givingfactsandexamplesC.providingscientificfindingsD.comparingfamouspersons’opinions56.Fromthepassagewelearnthattheauthor_________comparisonwithothers.A.supportsB.ignoresC.opposesD.respects

ThinkaboutthedifferentwaysthatpeopleusewinD.Youcanuseittoflyakiteortosailaboat.Windisoneofourcleanestandrichestpowersourcesaswellasoneoftheoldest.Evidenceshowsthatwindmills风车begantobeusedinancientIranbackintheseventhcenturyBC.TheywerefirstintroducedtoEuropeduringthe1100swhenarmiesreturnedfromtheMiddleEastwithknowledgeofusingwindpower.Formanycenturiespeopleusedwindmillstogrind磨碎wheatintoflourorpumpwaterfromdeepundergrounD.Whenelectricitywasdiscoveredinthelate1800speoplelivinginremote偏僻的areasbegantousethemtoproduceelectricity.Thisallowedthemtohaveelectriclightsandradio.Howeverbythe1940swhenelectricitywasavailabletopeopleinalmostallareasoftheUnitedStateswindmillswererarelyuseD.Duringthe1970speoplestartedbecomingconcernedaboutthepollutionthatiscreatedwhencoalandgasareburnedtoproduceelectricity.Peoplealsorealizedthatthesupplyofcoalandgaswouldnotlastforever.Thenwindwasrediscoveredthoughitmeanshighcosts.TodaythereisaglobalmovementtosupplymoreandmoreofourelectricitythroughtheuseofwinD.53.Fromthetextweknowthatwindmills_______.A.wereinventedbyEuropeansarmiesB.haveahistoryofmorethan2800yearsC.usedtosupplypowertoelectriclightsinremoteareasD.haverarelybeenusedsinceelectricitywasdiscovered54.Whatwasanewuseforwindpowerinthelate19thcentury?A.Sailingaboat.B.Producingelectricity.C.Grindingwheatintoflour.D.PumpingwaterfromundergrounD.55.Oneofthereasonswhywindwasrediscoveredinthe1970sisthat______.A.windpoweriscleanerB.itisoneoftheoldestpowersourcesC.itwascheapertocreateenergyfromwindD.thesupplyofcoalandgasfailedtomeetends56.Whatwouldthewriterprobablydiscussintheparagraphthatfollows?A.Theadvantagesofwindpower.B.Thedesignofwindpowerplants.C.Theworldwidemovementtosaveenergy.D.Theglobaltrend趋势towardsproducingpowerfromwinD.

Nuclearpower’sdangertohealthsafetyandevenlifeitselfcanbesummedupinoneword:radiation.Nuclearradiationhasacertainmysteryaboutitpartlybecauseitcannotbedetectedbyhumansenses.Itcan’tbeseenorheardortouchedortastedeventhoughitmaybeallaroundus.Thereareotherthingslikethat.Forexampleradiowavesareallaroundusbutwecan’tdetectthemsensethemwithoutaradioreceiver.Similarlywecan’tsenseradioactivitywithoutaradiationdetector.Butunlikecommonradiowavesnuclearradiationisnotharmlesstohumanbeingsandotherlivingthings.Atveryhighlevelsradiationcankillananimalorhumanbeingimmediatelybykillingmassesofcellsinvitalorgans.ButeventhelowestlevelscandoseriousdamagE.ThereisnolevelsofradiationthatiscompletelysafE.Iftheradiationdoesnothitanythingimportantthedamagemaynotbeserious.Thisisthecasewhenonlyafewcellsarehitandiftheyarekilledimmediately.Yourbodywillreplacethedeadcellswithhealthyones.ButifthefewcellsareonlydamagedandiftheyreproducethemselvesyoumaybeintroublE.Theycangrowintocancer.Sometimesthisdoesnotshowupformanyyears.Thisisanotherreasonforsomeofthemysteryaboutnuclearradiation.SeriousdamagecanbedonewithoutthevictimbeingawareatthetimethatdamagehasoccurreD.A.personcanbeirradiated辐射andfeelfinethendieforcancerfivetenortwentyyearslaterasaresult.Orachildcanbebornweakasaresultofradiationabsorbedbyitsgrandparents.Radiationcanhurtus.Wemustknowthetruth.56.Whatisthemostdangerousfactorofnuclearpower?A.RadiationB.QuantityC.AmountD.Place57.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Nuclearradiationcandoharmtohumanbeings.B.Nuclearradiationcannotdoharmtohumanbeings.C.Nuclearradiationcanbedetectedbyhumansenses.D.Nuclearradiationisjustlikecommonradiowaves.58.Howcannuclearradiationkillananimal?A.Bydamagingitsheart.B.Bykillingafewcells.C.Bykillingmanycellsinimportantorgans.D.Byhittinganyplaceinitsbody.59.Whydoesnuclearradiationhaveacertainmystery?A.Becausehumanbeingslearnitsharmfulness.B.Becauseitcandoharmtoapersonwhilethevictimisn'tawarethedamagehasoccurreD.C.Becausenuclearradiationcankillapersonveryeasily.D.Becausehumanbeingshavenoeffectivemachineinordertodetectnuclearradiation.60.Ifahumanbeingishitbynuclearradiationhemay_______.A.dieofcanceraftermanyyearsB.dieimmediatelyC.haveachildwhomaybebornweakD.alloftheabove

NotallbodiesofwateraresoevidentlyaliveastheAtlanticOceananS­shapedbodyofwatercovering33millionsquaremiles.TheAtlantichasinasensereplacedtheMediterraneanastheinlandseaofWesterncivilization.UnlikerealinlandseaswhichseemstrangelystilltheAtlanticisrichinoceanicliveliness.Itisperhapsnotsurprisingthatitsvitalityhasbeenmuchwrittenaboutbyancientpoets.StormatSeaashortpoemwrittenaround700isgenerallyregardedasoneofmankind'searliestartisticrepresentationsoftheAtlantiC.WhenthewindisfromthewestAllthewavesthatcannotrestTotheeastmustthunderonWherethebrighttreeofthesunIsrootedintheocean'sbreast.AsthepoemsuggeststheAtlanticisneverdeadanddull.Itisanoceanthatmovesimpressivelyandendlessly.Itmakesallkindsofnoise—itisforeverthunderingboilingcrashingandwhistling.ItiseasytoimaginetheAtlantictryingtodrawbreath—perhapsnotsonoticeablyoutinmid­oceanbutwhereitmeetslanditswatersbathingupanddownasandybeach.Itmimics模仿nearlyperfectlythesteadybreathingofalivingcreaturE.Itisfilledwithsymbioticexistencestoo:unimaginablequantitiesofcreatureslittleandlargealikemixwithinitsdepthsinakindofoceanicharmonygivingtothewatersafeelingofheartbeatakindofsub­oceanvitality.Andithasapsychology.Ithaspersonalities:sometimespeacefulandpleasantonrareoccasionsroughandwildalwaysitisstrongandstriking.40.UnlikerealinlandseastheAtlanticOceanis________.A.alwaysenergeticB.lackinginlivelinessC.shapedlikeasquareD.favoredbyancientpoets41.WhatisthepurposeofusingthepoemStormatSeainthepassage?A.Todescribethemovementofthewaves.B.Toshowthestrengthofthestorm.C.Torepresentthepoweroftheocean.D.ToprovethevastnessoftheseA.42.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordsymbioticmean?A.Livingtogether.B.Growingfast.C.Movingharmoniously.D.Breathingpeacefully.43.InthelastparagraphtheAtlanticiscomparedto________.A.abeautifulandpoeticplaceB.afleshandbloodpersonC.awonderfulworldD.alovelyanimal

Microsofthasaproblem:ItdesperatelywantstheremainingWindowsXPuserstoupgradetoanewerversionoftheoperatingsystembutagoodmanyofthemstillhaven’tstarteD.ThelatestnumbersfromMarketshowthatWindowsXPstillaccountsforaround29.5％ofalldesktopsinuseeventhoughMicrosoftisduetoendsupportforthel3-Year-oldplatformonApril8th.ZDreportsthatMicrosoftplanstoforceremainingXPuserstostartnextweekbysendingthemnoticesremindingthemagainthatitwillendXPsupportwithinamonth.HoweverasComputerworldreportsMicrosoftmayhaveatoughtimeconvincingsomeWindowsXPuserstoupgradebecauseit'stryingtosellthemonWindows8thenewestoperatingsystemthathasangeredmanylongtimePCusersbyremovingthetraditionalStartmenuandbyaddingtheinterface界面aspecialfeaturE.ComputerworldwritesthatmanyWindowsusersexpressedangerlastmonthwhenMicrosoftaskedthemtohelpswitchasmanypeopleastheycouldfromWindowsXPtoWindows8partlybecauseMicrosofthasn’tofferedanysortofdiscountforWindowsXPusersmakingtheswitch.ThisisparticularlytiresometheseuserssaidbecauseswitchingfromXPtoWindows8won’tjustrequireasoftwareupgradebutwillinsteadlikelyforcethemtobuynewmachinescapable能够ofrunningMicrosoft’snewoperatingsystem.SomeuserswerealsoannoyedthatMicrosoftonlymentionedWindows8andnotWindows7asupgradepossibilities.IntheenditlookslikewhenMicrosoftendssupportforWindowsXPnextmonththerewillstillbealargepartofthedesktopPCworldusingtheplatform.Hackerswhohavebeensavingupalltheirbestnewmalware恶意软件forthedaywhenWindowsXPsupportendsareabouttohaveafieldday.61.WhatproblemdoesMicrosofthavenow?A.WindowsXPisoutofdateandneedsimprovement.B.Windows8runsworsethanWindowsXP.C.Nopeopleliketoupgradetheiroperatingsystem.D.LotsofusersrefusetoswitchfromXPtoWindows62.HowwillMicrosoftremindusersofthestopofXPsupport?A.Bysendingthemnotices.B.Bysendingthemdailyemails.C.ByaddingtheinterfaceaspecialfeaturE.D.ByremovingthetraditionalStartmenu.63.WhichisprobablyoneofthereasonswhyusersdislikeWindow8?A.Microsofthasn’tofferedanydiscountforit.B.TheylikeWindow7morethanWindow8.C.MicrosoftrefusestoofferthemanewmachinE.D.It’simpossibleforthemtousethenewoperatingsystem.64.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrasehaveafielddayprobablymeaninthelastparagraph?A.Showupwithoutwarning.B.Makerapidprogress.C.Makefulluseoftheopportunity.D.Cometoanendcompletely.65.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.WindowsXPwillcompletelybeoutofuseinamonth.B.WindowsXPwillstillbeinuseforaperiodoftimE.C.Windows8willhavealongerhistorythanWindowsXP.D.Windows7willeasilybeattackedbyHackers.

AlongtheriverbanksoftheAmazonandtheOrinocotherelivesabirdthatswimsbeforeitcanflyflieslikeafatchickeneatsgreenleaveshasthestomachofacowandhasclaws爪onitswingswhenyoung.Theybuildtheirhomesabout4.6mabovetheriveranimportantfeatureforthesafetyoftheyoung.Itiscalledthehoatzin.InappearancethebirdsofbothsexeslookverymuchalikewithbrownonthebackandcreamandredontheundersidE.Theheadissmallwithalargesetoffeathersonthetopbrightredeyesandblueskin.Itsnearestrelativesarethecommonbirdscuckoos.Itsmoststriking显著的featurethoughisonlyfoundintheyoung.Babyhoatzinshaveaclawontheleadingedgeofeachwingandanotherattheendofeachwingtip.Usingthesefourclawstogetherwiththebeak喙theycanclimbaboutinthebusheslookingverymuchlikeprimitive原始的birdsmusthavedonE.Whentheyounghoatzinshavelearnedtoflytheylosetheirclaws.DuringthedriermonthsbetweenDecemberandMarchhoatzinsflyabouttheforestingroupsof20to30birdsbutinAprilwhentherainyseasonbeginstheycollecttogetherinsmallerlivingunitsoftwotosevenbirdsforproducingpurposes.56.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Hoatzinsindryandrainyseasons.B.Therelativesandenemiesofhoatzins.C.PrimitivebirdsandhoatzinsoftheAmazon.D.Theappearanceandlivinghabitsofhoatzins.57.Younghoatzinsaredifferentfromtheirparentsinthat_________.A.theylooklikeyoungcuckoosB.theyhaveclawsonthewingsC.theyeatalotlikeacowD.theyliveonriverbanks58.Whatcanweinferaboutprimitivebirdsfromthetext?A.TheyhadclawstohelpthemclimB.B.Theycouldflylongdistances.C.Theyhadfourwingslikehoatzins.D.Theyhadaheadwithlongfeathersonthetop.59.Whydohoatzinscollecttogetherinsmallergroupswhentherainyseasoncomes?A.TofindmorefooD.B.Toprotectthemselvesbetter.C.Tokeepthemselveswarm.D.Toproducetheiryoung.

ChooseDrinksOnahotsummerdayasoftdrinkcanreallytakeawayyourthirst.Athomeatschoolintheparkoratthemovies---youcanfindonealmostanywherE.CarbonatedYoucanseebubbles泡沫inthese!Ofallsoftdrinkssoldabout75percentarecarbonated碳酸的.Butbecarefulcarbonatedsoftdrinkshavelotsofsugarandcaffeine咖啡因.Caffeineisnotverygoodforyouinthesummerbecauseittakeswateroutofyourbody.Andthesugarcanmakeyouoverweightifyoudrinktoomuch.FruitjuiceTherearedifferentkindsofjuicE.Onekindismadeonlyfromfreshfruit.Thiskindoffruitjuicemaynottastesweetenoughforsomepeoplebutitisnutritious有营养的.Anotherkindoffruitjuicetastesgoodbuthaslotsofsugarinit.ManyyoungpeoplebuythiskindbecausetheadvertisementsaregooD.Itisbadforyourteethandbonestodrinklotsofthis.EnergydrinksThesekindsofdrinkshavecaffeineandthingsthatmakepeoplegetexcitedinthem.Theyaresometimescalledpartydrinks.Doctorssaythatifyoudrinktoomuchofthiskindyoumayhaveaheartattack.BottledwaterWehavelotsofdifferentkindsofbottledwatersuchasmineralwaterpurifiedwateranddistilledwater蒸馏水.Theyarecleanandeasytodrink.Butitisbestnottodrinkverycoldwater.ItmaymakeyourstomachfeelbaD.SportsdrinksMostofthesehavefunnynameslikeScream尖叫andG.-Vital激活.Theyhavelotsofvitaminsandmineralsinthem.AfteryouplaysportsyoumaywanttodrinkoneofthesE.ButifyoujustspendyoursummerholidaysittingaroundwatchingTVyouwon’tneedthematall!64.Whichtwotypesofdrinksmaymakeyouoverweight?A.CarbonatedandfruitjuicE.B.Energydrinksandsportsdrinks.C.Carbonatedandenergydrinks.D.Fruitjuiceandbottledwater.65.Whichonemayleadtoyourheartdisease?A.CarbonateD.B.FruitjuicE.C.Energydrinks.D.Sportsdrinks66.Aftersportsyouhavesportsdrinksbecause______.A.theycantakeawayyourthirstB.theycanputbackmineralsyou’velostinsweatC.theyhavefunnynamesthatsoundveryexcitingD.theyhavenosugar67.Thewriterwrotethispassageto______.A.warnustokeepawayfromsoftdrinksB.teachussomeusefulwaysofkeepinghealthyC.tellushowtochooseagoodonefromallkindsofdrinksD.maketheadvertisementsforsoftdrinks

Howdidtheseahorsegetitsname?It’snothardtoguess.ThetophalfofthisfishlookslikeasmallhorsE.Butlookingattheseahorse’stailyoumightthinkseamonkeyisabetternamE.Thenthere’stheseahorse’spouch袋.Seakangaroomightalsobeagoodnameforthisfish.SeahorsesliveinwarmoceanwatersallovertheworlD.TheykeepsafefromotherfishbyhidinginplantsandgrassesthatgrowundertheseA.Theycanalsochangecolorstomatchtheirsurroundings环境.A.seahorseremainsinoneplaceforhoursatatimebywinding缠绕itstailaroundaplant.Itfeedsonlivefoodsuchassmallshrimp.Forafishthatdoesn’tmovearoundmuchtheseahorseeatsalot—injustonedayaseahorsecaneat3000shrimp!Aseahorsekeepsthesamemateforitswholelifeandit’sthemale雄的seahorsethatgivesbirthtobabyseahorses.Howdoesthishappen?Babyseahorsesstartoutaseggswhichcomefromthefemale’sbody.Themalecarriestheeggsinitspouchforaboutthreeweeksuntiltheyhatch孵化.Soonafterthebabiesarebornthefemalegiveshermateanewsetofeggs.Themaleseahorsespendsmostofitslifecarryingeggs.Sadlythenumberofseahorsesisbecomingsmaller.Whyisthishappening?SomeplaceswhereseahorsesoncelivedhavebeenfilledintomakenewlanD.Alsomanyseahorsesarecaughtandsoldasaquariumfish.Thisreallyisnotagoodideabecausemostseahorsesdon’tlivelonginaquariums.Thebestplaceforaseahorseistheocean.41.Theseahorsegotitsnamebecauseofits________.A.headB.tailC.skinD.pouch42.Howdoesaseahorsekeepsafefromotherfish?A.Ithidesinplantsandgrasses.B.Itrunsawayquickly.C.Itremainsstill.D.Itrollsup.43.Wecanlearnfromthetextthatseahorses________.A.liketomovearoundB.liveincoldoceanwatersC.feedonsmallseaanimalsD.changecolorswiththetemperature44.Whatdoesafemaleseahorsedowithhereggs?A.Sheputstheminthemale’spouch.B.Shehidestheminseagrasses.C.ShecarriesthemarounD.D.Shehatchesthem.45.Whyisthenumberofseahorsesbecomingsmaller?A.TheygrowataverylowspeeD.B.TheirhomesarebeingdestroyeD.C.TheyarekilledbypeopleforfooD.D.Theirfoodisbecominglessandless.

Thescienceofphysicstodayisascurrentasthemorningnewspaper.Indeedasaresultofnewadvancesinphysicsandtheirrapidapplicationtoinventionsdesignedtosatisfyman'swantstheworlditselfhasbeenchangingrapidly.SpacetechnologyindustrialtechnologyandthetechnologyofthehomethefarmtheofficethebankandthedepartmentstorehaveallbeenrevolutionizeD.Clearlyeverygrownuptodaywouldunderstandtheworldhelivesinmuchbetterifheknewsomethingaboutphysics.WhetheritisCongressvotinghugesumsofmoneyfornewwarshipsspaceexplorationoratomicenergytheofficestafflearningtouseanewcomputerSonBobbywantingtoknowaboutgoingtothemoonorthehousewifelearningtooperateanewelectricstovephysicsseemstobeeverywherE.TeachersinthousandsofschoolroomsinAmericaaretryingtocommunicatesomeoftheexcitementandimportanceofthesenewdevelopmentstotheireagerstudents.Theyknowthatsomeoftheireagerstudentswillsomedaybescientistsandwillthencontributethemselvestothedevelopmentofnewknowledgeoritsapplicationtonewthings.ButinanycasetheycanbesurethatiftheybringaknowledgeofscienceanysciencetotheirstudentsinmeaningfulandstimulatingwaystheyhavecontributedmuchtohelpingeachoneliveamoremeaningfullifE.35.Theapplicationofnewadvancesinphysicstoinventions________.A.isintendedtomeetpeople'sneedsB.maysolvealltheproblemsinteachingC.makespeopleunderstandthevotingrulesoftheCongressD.canhelppeopleunderstandthemeaningoflife36.TheunderlinedwordthemselvesinParagraph3refersto________.A.someoftheeagerstudentsB.thestudentsintheclassroomC.theteachersgivinglessonsD.allthescientistsinphysics37.Thefirsttwoparagraphsofthepassagemainlytellusabout________.A.newadvancesinphysicsB.moderndevelopmentsinscienceC.theuseofphysicsinourlifeD.thescienceofphysics38.WhichofthefollowingcanbetheBESTtitleofthispassage?A.PhysicsandTeachingB.PhysicsandInventionsC.PhysicsandLifeD.PhysicsandNewspapers

Whendidyouseeapolarbear?Onatriptoazooperhaps?IfyouhadattendedawinteractivityinNewYorkafewyearsagoyouwouldhaveseenawholepolarbearcluB.ThesePolarBearsarepeoplewhomeetfrequentlyinthewintertoswiminfreezingcoldwater.Thatdaytheairtemperaturewas3degrees.Andthewatertemperaturewasalittlehigher.ThemembersofthePolarBearClubatConeyIslandNewYorkareusuallyabouttheageof60.Membersmustsatisfytworequirements.Firsttheymustgetalongwellwitheveryoneelseinthegroup;thisisveryimportantbecausetherearesomanydifferentkindsofpeopleinthecluB.PolarBearsmustalsoagreetoswimoutdoorsatleasttwiceamonthfromNovemberthroughFebruary.Doctorsdon’tagreeaboutthemedicaleffectsofcold-waterswimming.Someareworriedaboutthedangersofaconditioninwhichthebody’stemperaturedropssoslowthatfinallytheheartstops.Otherdoctorshoweverpointoutthatthereismoredangerofaheartattackduringsummerswimmingbecausethedifferencebetweentheairtemperatureandthewatertempreatureismuchgreaterinsummerthaninwinter.ThePolarBearsthemselvesaresatisfiedwiththebenefitsofcold-waterswimming.Theysaythattheirfavoriteformofexerciseisverygoodforthecirculatorysystem循环系统becauseitforcesthebloodtomovefasttokeepthebodywarm.Cold-waterswimmersusuallyturnbrightredafterafewminutesinthewater.A.personwhoturnsblueprobablyhasaverypoorcirculatorysystemandcouldnottrycold-waterswimming.Themainbenefitsofcold-waterswimmingareprobablymental.ThePolarBearslovetoswimalltheyearround;theyfinditfunandrelaxing.Asone70-year-oldwomansaysWhenIgointothewaterIpourmytroublesintotheoceanandletthemfloataway.1.Doctors_________.A.havedifferentideasaboutthemedicaleffectsofcold-waterswimmingB.believeswimmingishelpfulbothinsummerandinwinterC.enouragepeopletotakepartincold-waterswimmingD.pointoutthepossibledangerofbloodillnessduringcold-waterswimming2.Accordingtothepassagesomedoctorsbelieveitistruethat_______.A.PolarbearsarebearsswimminginfreezingwaterB.cold-waterswimmingcanmakethebodytemperaturedangerouslyhighC.youarehealthyifcold-waterswimmingturnsyourskincolorblueD.cold-waterswimmingcausesmoreheartattackinsummerthaninwinter3.ThePolarBearsliketoswimyear-roundfor_______.A.itisaneasywaytokeepthebodywarminwinterB.theycanstayyoungC.theyfinditenjoyableandinterestingD.theymightmeetfewertroublesinlife4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A.ThePolarBearisaclubinwhichpeopleswimtoprotectpolarbears.B.Theclubmembersareallover60yearsolD.C.ThereisnowomaninthecluB.D.NoneoftheabovE.5.Thispassageismainlyabout_______.A.therequirementsofthePolarBearClubB.agroupofcold-water-swimmingloversC.thePolarBears’lifeinNewYorkD.doctors’ideasaboutcold-waterswimming

Zoosdivideopinion:therearethosewhothinkitiscruel残忍的tokeepanimalslockedupwhileothersbelievezoosareimportantforthesurvivalofendangeredspecies.Tothinkthatzoosimprisonanimalsistomisunderstandwhatzoosareabout.Withoutzoosmanyofthecreaturesweloveandadmirewouldnolongerexist.Everysingledayoveronehundredanimalspeciesvanish.Scientistspredictthatasearlyas2050onequarteroftheEarth’sspecieswillbecomeextinct绝种的.SomeanimalsareindangerbecausetheyarehunteD.Worriedlythepopulationoftigershasalreadyfallenbyninety-fivepercent.OtherspeciesareindangerbecauseofalackoffooD.Forexampletherearefewerthan1300giantpandasleftinthewilD.Zooshavespecialbreedingprogramstohelpthoseanimalsindanger.Thesebreedingprogramsareprovingverysuccessful.AsIreneShapirofromZooandWildlifeSupportsaysthePuertoRicanParrothasgrowninnumbersfromjustthirteentoabouteighty-fiveandtheGoldenLionTamarinMonkeywhichhasalmostdiedouttwentyyearsagohasbeenreintroducedbackintothewilD.Unfortunatelynoteveryoneunderstandsthisimportantrolezoosplay.ForexampleBrianFeatherstonefromtheAnti-ZooForumsaysIcan’tbelievewetakeanimalsfromthewildandputthemincagesfortheentertainmentofthepublic!WeshouldviewthemonfilmorTVintheirnaturalenvironment.Howeverthismissesthepoint.A.zoodoesmorethandisplayanimalstothepubliC.Itensurestheirsurvival.WithoutzoosyouwouldnotbeabletoseemanyoftheseanimalsonTVoranywhereelse!55.Accordingtothepassagesomepeopledonotagreewithzoosbecausethey________.A.aretooexpensivetorunB.putanimalsindangerC.donotprovideenoughfoodD.keepanimalslockedup56.Accordingtothewriterthemostimportantfunctionofthezooisto_________.A.makealotofmoneyB.entertainvisitorsC.ensureanimals’survivalD.educatethepublic

LONDONReutersLife!----Forgetabouttalkingyourchildrenintoconsideringlifeasadoctororateacherandstarttrainingthemforthetalentshow.AsurveyofBritishparentsshowedtheaspirations志向oftheirchildrenaregreatlydifferentfromwhattheydreamedaboutwhenconsideringwhotheywantedtobewhentheygrewup.Althoughastronaut宇航员stillremainsfairlyhighonthelistofcareers事业kidsdreamaboutthesedaysotherslikedoctorandteacherhavebeentakentheplaceofbythedesire欲望towingoodnameandmoneyasasportingheropopstaroractor.Theparentsofchildrenaged5to11saidthechoiceoflawyerhaddroppedbyonlyoneplaceonatop10listtosixthwhileteacherhaddroppedtoninthfromtopinthelast25ormoreyears.ThesurveyforBritishTVchannelWatchfoundagreatdifferencebetweenthegenders性别oftoday’syoungpeoplewhencomparedwiththeirparents’dreams25yearsormoreago.Playingprofessionalfootballbeinganastronautandjoiningthefirefightingservicetoppedtheboys’choiceswhilegirlsaremorelikelytobedreamingoftakingtothestageasapopstaroractressorjoiningthemedicalprofession.Whenaskedwhattheywouldliketheirchildrentodoforalivingtoday’sparentsstillliketheacademic学术的professions职业withlawandmedicinescoringhighlywhilebeingabosscamethirD.Parentsalsopraisedjobhappinessabovewealth财富whenitcomestotheirhopesfortheirchildren.Nearly70percentoftheparentssurveyedthoughtthattheyfailedtofollowtheirdreamswhenitcametotheircareerwith37percentthinkingitwascausedbyalackofaspirationandnothavingthenecessaryconditions.36.Fromthepassageweknowthatmostparentsstillhopethatinthefuturetheirchildrencantakeup______.A.jobssuchasmusicianssingersanddancersB.jobsrelatedtoacademicprofessionslikelawyersanddoctorsC.jobsinwhichtheywillnotbeendangeredD.jobswhichwillbewellpaidonly37.Thefirstparagraphistoadviseparentsto______.A.changetheirchildren’sdreamsB.correcttheirchildren’sdreamsC.followtheirchildren’sdreamsD.forgettheirchildren’sdreams38.AccordingtothesurveyforBritishTVchannelWatchwhichofthefollowingistheboys’bestcareerchoice?A.A.popstarB.AnactorC.A.doctorD.A.firefighter39.Whatcanbelearntfromthepassage?A.Parents’hopefortheirchildren’scareerdidnotchangetoomuch.B.Parentspaymuchattentiontotheincomeoftheirchildren.C.Lessthanhalfoftheparentswhoweresurveyeddidn’tfollowtheirdreams.D.Mostparentsdidn’thavethenecessaryconditionstorealizetheirdreams.40.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Manyreasonscausethechangeofchildren’sdreams.B.Parents’dreamsaredifferentfromchildren’s.C.Parentsarechangingtheirowndreams.D.Children’sdreamsarealwayschanging.Unit3Inventorsandinventions

TheAtlanticOceanisoneoftheoceansthatseparatetheOldWorldfromtheNew.ForcenturiesitkepttheAmericasfrombeingdiscoveredbytheEuropeans.ManywrongideasabouttheAtlanticmadeearlysailorsunwillingtosailfaroutintoit.Onewasthatitreachedouttotheedgeoftheworld.Sailorsfearedthattheymightsailofftheearth.Anotherideawasthatattheequatortheoceanwouldbeboilinghot.ActuallytheAtlanticisonlyhalfasbigasthePacificbutitisstillverylargE.Itismorethan4000miles6000kmwidewhereColumbuscrossedit.Evenatthenarrowestitisabout2000miles3200kmwidE.Twothingsmakeitratherunusual.Forsolargeanoceanithasveryfewislandsanditistheworld’ssaltiestocean.ThereismorewaterintheAtlanticthanyoucaneverimaginE.Butsupposenomorerainfellandnomoreriversflewintoititwouldtaketheoceanabout4000yearstodryup.Ontheaverage平均thewaterisalittlemorethan2miles3.2kmdeepbutinplacesitismuchdeeperwiththedeepestspotnearPuertoRicomeasuring30.246feet----almost6miles9.6km.OneofthelongestmountainrangesoftheworldwhichrunsnorthandsouthdownthemiddleoftheoceanrisesfromtheflooroftheAtlantiC.Thetopsofsomeofthemountainsreachupabovetheseaandmakeislands.SeveralhundredmileseastwardfromFloridathereisapartoftheoceancalledtheSargassoSeA.HerethewaterisquietbecauseoflittlewinD.Inthedaysofsailingvessels船thecrewwereafraidtheywouldbepreventedfromgoingforwardherE.SometimestheywereindeeD.TodaytheAtlanticisagreathighway.HoweveritisnotalwaysasmoothandsafeonE.Stormssweepacrossitandpileupgreatwaves.Icebergs冰山floatdownfromtheFarNorthacrossthepathsofships.Wenowhavesuchfastwaysoftravelingthatthisbigoceanseemstohavegrownsmaller.Columbussailedforovertwomonthstocrossit.A.fastmodernsteamshipcanmakeitinlessthanfourdays.AirplanesflyfromNewYorktoLondoninonlyeighthoursandfromSouthAmericatoAfricainfour!66.WhatdoestheOldWorldinthefirstparagraphreferto?A.AfricA.B.EuropE.C.AsiA.D.AllofthethreeabovE.67.WhatcausedpeopletobeunwillingtoexploretheAtlantic?A.Therewerenoshipsbigenoughtogetacrosstheocean.B.Sailorswereafraidofbeinglostintheocean.C.TheAtlanticwasveryunusualbecauseitwasthesaltiestocean.D.Manyincorrectideasmadepeoplethinktheoceanwasfullofdanger.68.Whatisthetopicofthefifthparagraph?A.Howlongthemountainis?B.Howtomeasurethewater?C.Howmuchwatertheoceanholds?D.Howrainaffectstheoceanwater?69.Wecanlearnfromthetextthat_________.A.theAtlanticisthelargestoceanonearth.B.oneofthelongestmountainrangesliesintheAtlantiC.C.theAtlantichasalotofislandsinit.D.sailingontheAtlanticOceanisalwaysquietsmoothandsafE.70.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordhighwayimply?A.HighroaD.B.Broadway.C.FastroaD.D.Mainwaterway.

Whilethepresenceofratsinhomesmaycauseanxietyandannoyancetheyrarelyresultindrivingouttheresidents.Butthatisexactlywhathappenedtotheinhabitantsofthe10­square­mileHawadaxIslandoffthecoastofAlaskaalmost230yearsago.Nowthankstoafive­yeareffortbyscientiststheterriblysilentRatIslandasithadbeencalledformanyyearshasbeenreturnedtoitsrightfulowners——birds!HawadaxIslandispartofachainofvolcanicislandsintheBeringSeacalledtheAleutianIslands.Theratsthatarrivedtherein1780whenaJapaneseshipcarryingthembrokedownnearbycompletelydestroyedthenativepopulationbecausetheenvironmentoftheislandwasnotbuilttodefenditsanimalsfromthesepredators.Thereisn'tanytreeontheIslandwhichmeantthatthebirdswereaccustomedtobuildingtheirnestslowinthegroundgivingtherodents啮齿动物easyaccesstobotheggsandbabychicks.Asyearspassedthebirdsthathadcalledtheislandhomeforthousandsofyearsbecameendangeredandeventuallydisappearedcompletely.In2007theU..S.FWSFishandWildlifeServicestartedaseriousplantoridtheislandoftheratsandtrybringingbackthebeautifulbirdsthathadoncecalledithomE.Giventhattherewereanestimated10000rodentsinhabitingRatIslandandthefactthattheyre­producerapidlyitwasnotaneasytask.Butby2009theIslandwasofficiallydeclaredratfree!Thenslowlybutsurelythebirdsbegantoreturn.Unfortunatelysomeofthepioneerswereunintentionallykilledfromtheleavingsoftheraticideapoisonthathadbeenusedtowipeouttherodents.ButnowitseemsthingsarebecomingmorestableandtheIslandisstartingtoincreasinglylooklikeitsformerself.BeforethetransformationHawadaxalsoknownasRatIslandwasasilentandghostlyplacewithbirdbonessnailremainsandrockscoveredinratfeces粪便.Todaybirds'singingandflyinginandoutisacommonsight.Tuftedpuffinsandsongsparrowswhichhadlongdisappearedaregraduallymakingtheirwayback.Scientistshavealsobeenobservinganincreaseingroundnestingandshorebirds.ThoughtheIslandisstillnotbacktoitsfullglorythesignsareencouragingandthingscanonlygetbetterastimepasses.32.TheunderlinedwordthatinParA.1probablyrefersto________.A.thepresenceofratsB.birds'beingdrivenoutC.birds'returningtotheislandD.residents'worryingaboutrats33.BirdsonHawadaxIslandbecameaneasytargetbecause________.A.thisislandwastreelessB.theynestedrandomlyC.theyreproducedtoorapidlyD.theirchickswereextremelyweak34.FromthepassagewecanknowtheplanofUSFWS______.A.hashelpedtheislandfullyrecoveredB.costlittlebutbenefitedgreatlyC.involvedpoisoningtheratsonalargescaleD.accomplisheditsgoalafterexactly24months35.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.FWSHelpGetRareBirdsBacktoAlaskaIslandB.JapaneseChangedaBirdParadiseintoRatIslandC.FWSPlantoDriveRatsOutOfRatIslandD.Alaska'sRatIslandReturnstoaBirdParadise

Forthousandsofyearspeoplehaveseenthingstheydidn’tunderstandinthesky.TheUnitedStatesAirForcefirstusedthewordsUnidentifiedFlyingObjecttodescribethem.TodayeveryoneusesthetermUFO.WhenpeopleseeaUFOitisusuallynomorethanaweatherballoonoranairplanE.ButtheCenterforUFOStudiesgoesontoreceivehundredsofreportseachyear.In1947abusinessmanandpilotKennethArnoldwasflyingnearMountRainierWashingtonwhenhesawnineshinyroundobjectsflyingthroughtheair.Hetoldanewspaperreportertheylookedlikepieplatesskippingoverwater.Thereporterusedthewordsflyingsaucer碟子inhisstoryandtodaythatisthepopularnameforUFOs.TheCenterforUFOStudiesliststhreekindsofcontactswithflyingsaucers.Encounters遭遇ofthefirstkindarereportsofunknownobjectsorlightsinthesky.PeoplehaveEncountersofthesecondkindwhenaUFOleavesburnmarksorothersignsonthegrounD.PeoplereportCloseencountersofthethirdkindwhentheyseealiensinornearaUFO.56.WhousedthetermUFOfirst?A.TheUnitedStatesAirforcE.B.TheCenterforUFOStudies.C.KennethArnolD.D.A.report.57.TheCenterforUFOStudies_____.A.usuallyseesnomorethanaweatherballoonoranairplaneeveryyearB.isabranchoftheUnitedStatesAirForceC.receivehundredsofreportseveryyearD.usedpieplatesskippingoverwatertodescribetheUFOseenbythepeoplefirst58.WhydidthenewspaperreporterusethewordsflyingsaucertodescribetheUFOthatKennethArnoldsaidhesaw?A.BecausetheUFOthatKennethArnoldsawwasflat.B.BecauseKennethArnoldtoldthenewspaperthatwhathehadseenintheskywasrounD.C.BecauseKennethArnolddescribedwhathehasseenlookedlikeaplateflyinginthesky.D.BecausewhatKennethArnoldsawwaspieplatesflyingintheair.

AsayoungmanAlwasaskilledartistapotter.Hehadawifeandtwofinesons.OnenighthisoldersondevelopedaseverestomachachE.Thinkingitwasonlysomecommonintestinal肠的disorderneitherAlnorhiswifetooktheconditionveryseriously.Butthediseasewasactuallyacuteappendicitis阑尾炎andtheboydiedsuddenlythatnight.KnowingthedeathcouldhavebeenpreventedifhehadonlyrealizedtheseriousnessofthesituationAl'semotionalhealthdeclinedundertheenormousburdenofhisguilt.Tomakemattersworsehiswifelefthimashorttimelaterleavinghimalonewithhissix-year-oldyoungerson.ThehurtandpainofthetwosituationsweremorethanAlcouldhandleandhebecameanalcoholiC.AsthealcoholismprogressedAlbegantoloseeverythinghepossessed—hishomehislandhisartobjectseverything.EventuallyAldiedaloneinaSanFranciscomotelroom.WhenIheardofAl'sdeathIthoughtWhatacompletefailure!Whatatotallywastedlife.AstimewentbyIbegantore-evaluatemyearlierharshjudgment.YouseeIknewAl'snowadultsonErniE.HeisoneofthekindestmostcaringmostlovingmenIhaveeverknown.IwatchedErniewithhischildrenandsawthefreeflowoflovebetweenthem.IknewthatkindnessandcaringhadtocomefromsomewherE.Ihadn'theardErnietalkmuchabouthisfather.OnedayIworkedupmycouragetoaskhim.I'mreallypuzzledbysomethingIsaiD.Iknowyourfatherwasbasicallytheonlyonetoraiseyou.Whatonearthdidhedosothatyoubecamesuchaspecialperson?Erniesatquietlyandreflectedforafewmoments.ThenhesaidFrommyearliestmemoriesasachilduntilIlefthomeat18Alcameintomyroomeverynightgavemeakissandsaid'Iloveyouson.'TearscametomyeyesasIrealizedwhatafoolIhadbeentojudgeAlasafailurE.HehadnotleftanymaterialpossessionsbehindbuthehadbeenakindlovingfatherandheleftbehindoneofthefinestmostgivingmanIhaveeverknown.56.WhywasAlinguilt?nomorethan12words57.WheredidAldie?nomorethan5words58.WhatmadeAladdictedtoalcohol?nomorethan10words59.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordenormousmostprobablymean?1word60.WhatdidAl’ssonErnielearnfromhisfather?nomorethan11words

Beijing—11July2012ChinasentupanewdatarelaysatelliteTianlianI-02onMondayattheXichangSatelliteLaunchCentreinsouthwesternSichuanProvincE.Thenewsatellitewillpromotethecountry’ssatellitecommunicationnetworkforspacedocking对接.ThesatellitewaslaunchedonaLongMarch-3Ccarrierrocketat11:41pmsourcesatthecentretoldXinhuaNewsAgency.Thesatelliteseparatedfromtherocket26minutesafteritslaunchandwasthensuccessfullydeliveredintoageostationarytransferorbit地球同步转移轨道.DevelopedbytheChinaAcademyofSpaceTechnologyundertheChinaAerospaceScienceandTechnologyCorporationthesatelliteisthecountry’sseconddatarelaysatellitE.ThefirstTianlianI-01waslaunchedonApril252008.ThetwosatelliteswillformanetworktoimprovecommunicationsbetweenChina’sspacecraftandbasesonEarthaccordingtothecentrE.Theywillalsobeusedtohelpthenation’sfirstspacedockingscheduledforthesecondhalfofthisyear.Asplannedin2012China’smannedspacedockingmissionbetweenShenzhouⅨspacecraftandTiangong-1labmodulehasachievedacompletesuccessaccordingtoChinaMannedSpaceEngineeringOfficewhichwasthemainuseroftheTianlianIseriesdatarelaysatellites.Thenewsatellitecancoveragreaterareatotrackandcommandthecountry’sspacevehiclesinlow-EarthorbitssuchasmannedspacecraftandremotesensingsatellitesfromahigherpositioninouterspacE.OnlythreesatellitesofthiskindareneededtoformaglobalcommunicationnetworkandChinahastwonow.PangZhihaoaresearcheranddeputyeditor-in-chiefofSpaceInternationalsaiD.Thesatellitecouldalsoequipastronautswithreal-timecommunicationswhichbenefitsthecountry’sfuturemannedspaceflightshesaiD.327W1.WhatisthemainpurposeofsendingupTianlianI-02?A.TotestthefunctionofaLongMarch-3Ccarrierrocket.B.Tocarrysomeastronautsintospacetodosomeresearch.C.Tosendmoreinformationandclearerpicturestomobilephonesontheearth.D.Topromotethecountry’ssatellitecommunicationnetworkforspacedocking.2.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothenewsreport?A.ShenzhouⅧisamannedspaceship.B.Tiangong-1willdockwiththreeShenzhouspaceshipsnextyear.C.ThesatelliteisofgreatimportancetoChina’sspaceexploration.D.China’sfirstspacedockingwasdoneinthesecondhalfofnextyear.3.Thebesttitleofthepassagecouldbe.A.ChinaLaunchedaNewSpaceShuttleB.China’sPlanforSpaceExplorationC.China’sProgressinChina’sSpaceExplorationD.NewSatelliteHelpsChina’sSpaceExploration

HowtoprotectchildrenWebfansfromunsuitablematerialon-linewhileencouragingthemtousetheInternethaslongbeendiscussedintheU.S.ForsomeparentstheInternetcanseemlikeajunglefilledwithdangerfortheirchildren.Butjunglescontainwondersaswellasdangersandwithgoodguidessomeeducationandafewprecautions预防措施thewildsoftheInternetcanbesafelynavigated航行.Kidshavetobeon-linE.Ifwetellourkidstheycan’thaveaccess机会totheInternetwe’recuttingthemofffromtheirfuturesaidanexpert.Mostkidshavestartedtousesearchengines.ManyofthemaregreatforfindingtonsofinterestingInternetsitesandtheycanalsolocateplaceswhereyoumightnotwantyourkidstogo.Therearesearchenginesdesignedjustforkids.A.certainsoftwarecontainsonlysitesthathavebeenselectedassafE.Themostpopularwaytolimitaccesswouldbetousewhatisknownasacontentscreener过滤器.Butthiscan’tbewhollyreliableandthebestthingparentscandoistotalktotheirkidsandletthemknowwhatisOKornotOKtoseeordoontheInternet.Anotherwayisthatmumordadisnearbywhenthechildissurfing浏览theInternet.Afewothertips●Don’tputthePCinachild’sroombutkeepitinanareawheremumordadcankeepaneyeonthings.ThatalsomakestheInternetmoreofafamilyactivity.●Askyourchildwhatheorshehasbeendoingandaboutanyfriendstheymakeon-linE.●Tellyourchildnottogiveon-linestrangerspersonalinformationespeciallylikeaddressandphonenumber.●Andtellyourchildrennevertotalktoanyonetheymeeton-lineoverthephonesendthemanythingacceptanythingfromthemoragreetomeetwiththemunlessyougoalong.28.Thepassageismainlyaboutthesubjectof_______.A.Americanchildrengoingon-lineB.InternetinAmericaC.appreciatingInternetD.opposingchildren’son-line29.Thebestwaytoprotectchildrenfromimpropermaterialis_______.A.toinstall安装acontentscreeneronthecomputerB.tobuysomesearchenginesforthechildrenC.tobenearbywhentheyaresurfingtheInternetD.totalktothechildrenandpersuadethemtotellrightfromwrong30.Whichofthefollowingisrightaccordingtothepassage?A.SurfingtheInternetisthebestmethodofeducatingchildren.B.Children’snothavingaccesstoInternetmayhaveeffectontheirprogress.C.UsingacontentscreenerismostreliableforkeepingchildrenhavingaccesstoInternet.D.Searchingenginescanhelpchildrentoselectmaterialsfitforthem.31.Accordingtothepassagewecaninferthat_______.A.softwaresfitforchildrenwantprogrammingB.achildwhoison-lineisindangerC.InternetisajunglefullofdangerD.Internetcontainsalotofharmfulsites

FixitonyourownDidyouknowthatabowlofricecouldsaveyouriPodifyoudropitinaswimmingpoolbyaccident?Orthatthecameraonyourphonecouldtellyouwhat’swrongwithyourTVremotecontrol?TheexpertsatGeekSquadgeelsquaD.co.ukhavemadeagadget小机件rescueguidE.Solet’stakealookatsomeoftheirusefuladvicE.♦HowtogetmorejuiceoutofyourphonebatterIfyourbatterygoesdeadbutyouneedtogetanumberorsendonelasttexttrywarmingitup.Thatmaygiveyouatinybitofpower.Takethebatteryfromthephoneandrubitbetweenyourhands.Orwarmitunderyourarmforafewminutes.Thentrytostartthephonebutuseitquickly.♦WhattodoifyourgadgetgetswetFirsttrydryingitoutwithavacuumcleaner真空吸尘器.Ifavacuumcleanerisn’tathandfillapotorbowlwithuncookedriceandputyourwetgadgetinsidE.Thedryuncookedricewillabsorballthewaterandafterafewhoursyoushouldbeabletousethegadget.Don’tforgettoremovethebatteryandSIMcardbeforeyoudryit.♦WhattodoifyourTVremotecontrolstopsworkingIfreplacingthebatteriesdoesn’tworkgetthecamerafunctionuponyourphoneandpointtheremoteatthelens镜头.Whenyoupressabuttonontheremoteifitisworkingtheglassbobble小球atthefrontoftheremotewilllightupwhenyoulookatitonthescreenofyourphonE.Thisisbecausethescreenonaphoneordigitalcamerapicksupinfraredrays红外线eventhoughyoureyesdon’t.Iftheglassbobbledoesn’tlightuptheremoteisbroken.Ifitdoesthereceivingdevice装置isbroken.60.Ifyourcellphonefallsintoasinkyoucan_________.A.warmitupunderyourarmB.removethebatteryafteryoudryitC.putitintotheuncookedriceD.pressitwithbothofyourhands61.WhycanaphonebeusedtoprovetheTVremotecontrolworkswell?Becauseitcan_____.A.improvetheTVremotecontrolB.receiveinfraredrayC.picturetheTVremotecontrolD.reflectinfraredray62.Inwhichsectionofanewspapercanwepossiblyreadthistext?A.LifeB.EntertainmentC.FinanceD.Culture63.Thepurposeofthispassageistogivepeople__________.A.personalopinionsB.professionalguidesC.necessarywarningsD.practicaltips

AnexperimentwascarriedoutatBritishschoolintotheperformanceofnewpupils.Atthestartoftheyearthepupilswereeachgivenaratingrangingfromexcellentprospecttounlikelytodowell.TheseweretotallyuntrueratingsanddidnotreflecthowwellthepupilshadpreviouslyperformeD.Howevertheseratingsweregiventotheteachers.Attheendoftheyeartheexperimenterscomparedthepupils’performancewiththeratings.Despitetheirrealabilitiestherewasanastonishinglyhighconnectionbetweenperformanceandratings.Itseemsthatpeopleperformaswellasweexpectthemto.TheSelf-fulfillingEffectisalsoknownasthePygmalionEffect.ThiscomesfromanoldGreekstory.ThestorywasalsothebasisofGeorgeBernardShaw’splayPygmalionlaterturnedintothemusicalMyFairLady.InShaw’splayProfessorHenryHigginsclaimshecanturnaCockneyflowergirlElizaDoolittleintoaduchess.ButasElizaherselfpointsouttoHiggins’friendPickeringitisn’twhatshelearnsordoesthatdetermineswhethershewillbecomeaduchessbuthowshe’streateD.Theimplication含义ofthePygmalionEffectforleadersandmanagersismassivE.Itmeansthattheperformanceofyourteamdependslessonthemthanitdoesonyou.Theperformanceyougetfrompeopleisnomoreorlessthanwhatyouexpectwhichmeansyoumustalwaysexpectthebest.AsGoethesaidTreatamanasheisandhewillremainasheis.TreatamanashecanandshouldbeandhewillbecomeashecanandshouldbE.26.TheunderlinedwordratinginParagraph1canbereplacedby_________.A.programB.regulationC.correctionD.classification27.What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A.A.newscientificexperiment.B.TheSelf-fulfillingEffect.C.Shaw’splayPygmalion.D.AnimprovedteachingmethoD.28.Theexperimentwasmadeinorderto_________.A.tryoutanewteachingmethodB.pickoutthemostexcellentpupilsC.learnifexpectationsaffectperformanceD.giveeachpupilaproperrating29.WhatmadeElizachangeintoaduchessaccordingtoElizaherself?A.StricttrainingfromHiggins.B.Herownstrongwillandhardwork.C.TheproperwayshewasregardedD.WarmencouragementfromPickering.30.AccordingtothePygmalionEffectifyouwantamantofinishahardtaskinashorttimeyoushouldsay_________.A.I’msureyoucanmakeitB.IwillhelpyouanytimeC.ItisaseasyaspieD.Itdoesn’tmatterifyoufail

Therearerobotsallaroundus.Somedoverycomplicatedjobslikeflyingairplanesanddrivingsubwaytrains.andsomedoonesimplejoB.Whenanautomaticwashingmachineisswitchedonwaterpoursin.Themachinewaitsuntilthewateriswarmenoughforwashingclothes.Itdoesthisbyfeedback反馈.Informationaboutwhatishappeningisfeedbackintotherobottotellwhattodonext.Oureyesearsandothersensesareourfeedback.Theytelluswhatisgoingonaroundus.Sorobotsarelikehumanbeingsintwoways.Theyworkandtheyhavefeedback.Insomewaysrobotsarebetterthanhumanbeings.Theyworkquicklyanddonotmakemistakes.Theydonotgetboreddoingthesamejoboverandoveragain.AndtheynevergettireD.Sorobotsareveryusefulinfactories.Theycanbetaughttodomanydifferentjobs.FirsttheirelectronicbrainmustbeshownhowthejobisdonE.A.personmovestherobot’sarmsandhandsthrougheachpartofthejoB.ThemostintelligentrobotscanmoveandseE.Theireyesarecameras.Theirfingerscanfeelshapesandsizesoftheobjects.Theserobotshavecomputerbrainslinkedtotheireyesandfingerswhichcontroltheiractions.Theexpensiverobotsareusedinscientificresearch.Theydosuchjobashandlingradioactivematerials.36.Inthispassagetheauthortellsusthat________.A.robotsareverypopularB.therearevariouskindsofrobotsC.weseerobotsonlyatcertaintimesD.robotscanbeeasilycontrolled37.Whatdoestheauthorseemtoinformyouaboutrobots?A.TheyshouldbegreatlyimproveD.B.TheywillprobablytakeoverinthefuturE.C.Theyareveryhelpfulandusefultohumans.D.Theyaremachinesthatbreakdownalot.38.Theauthorsaysthatinindustry________.A.robotsbreakdownalotB.robotscandomanyjobsC.robotsonlygetinthewayD.robotssometimescausetroubles

TheTibetanPlateau青藏高原istheworld'shighestplacE.It'sfourtimesthesizeofFranceandhometomostoftheworld'shighestmountains.Asyoumightexpectit'scoldtherE.AnditmaybethatthedeepchilloftheTibetanPlateauplayedaroleintheevolutionofsomeoftheworld'smostcharismatic魅力十足的animals.That'sthebeliefofascientistwhodiscoveredtheskullofawoollyrhino长毛犀ontheTibetanPlateau.Thewoollyrhino—twotonstwotuskslotsofhairandlotsofattitude—wasanIceAgegiant.ItlivedwithotherIceAgebeastsinEuropeandAsiastartingabout2.5millionyearsago.ButXiaomingWangfromtheNaturalHistoryMuseumofLosAngelesCountywasshockedwhenhefounda3.5-million-year-oldrhinoskull头骨化石ontheTibetanPlateau.ItcaughtusbycompletesurprisethattheyareactuallyupinthehighplateauwellbeforetheIceAgehasstartedWangsays.That'saboutamillionyearsbeforetheIceAgestartedinfact.WangthinkshisdiscoveryshowsthatatleastsomeanimalswerepreparedfortheIceAgE.AtleastinthecaseofthewoollyrhinoitactuallyadapteditselfinthecoldenvironmentintheTibetanPlateaubeforetheIceAgehasevenstartedWangsays.TheanimalactuallyuseditsheadtosweepsnowWangexplainssotheycangetatthevegetationbelowthesnowcover.SoWangthinksthePlateauwasasortofevolutionarycradle摇篮forcold-weatheranimals.WhentherestoftheworldeventuallyiceduptheymovedoutofTibetandtookover.AnthonyBarnoskyapaleontologistattheUniversityofCaliforniaBerkeleysaysevennowtheseisolatedcradlesareimportantforevolution进化.TheinterestingthingBarnoskysaysisonEarthtodaywehavebiodiversity生物多样性isolatedincertainspotsandwejustneverknowwhichofthoseisolatedplaceswillbethecradleofevolutionforthenextbigenvironmentalchangecomingdownthepike出现.TheonlyproblemisthattobereadyyouhavetoknowwhatthenextenvironmentwillbelikE.Orjustbeverylucky.16.TheunderlinedwordchillinParA.2couldbereplacedas___________.A.holeB.coldC.shapeD.lake17.WhichisNOTtrueaboutthewoollyrhinos长毛犀ontheTibetanPlateau?A.TheywereIceAgegiantswithtwotuskslotsofhairandlotsofattitudE.B.TheyhadlivedontheTibetanPlateaubeforetheIceAgehasstarteD.C.Theywereabletosweepsnowwiththeirheads.D.Theyhardlyadaptedthemselvesinthecoldenvironment.18.WhatdidAnthonyBarnoskythinkoftheisolatedcradles?A.Theyadaptedthecoldweather.B.Theyplayedanimportantroleinevolution.C.ItwashardtoknowwhethertheywouldchangE.D.Itwaslucktochangethenextbigenvironmental.19.Theresearchmightappearinthe.A.journalscienceB.newspaperC.EnglishtextbookD.blog20.Fromthepassagewecaninferthat_________.A.FacingthecoldtheanimalscontinuouslyevolvedB.XiaomingWangworksintheUSAC.BothWangandBarnoskyarepaleontologistsD.A.Chinesescientistdiscoveredtheskullofawoollyrhino

Nuclearenergyisacontroversialtopic.Therehasbeenwidespreadpublicdebateoverit.Itseemsthatthenuclearenergyiseitheragiganticdisasterwaitingtohappenortheall-powerfulwayofthefuturE.Itisoftenbelievedthatnuclearenergyissomethingwecannotdowithout.Weliveinaconsumersocietywithahugedemandforcommercialproductsofallkinds.Besidesanincreaseinindustrialproductionisconsideredtobeonesolutiontotheproblemofmassunemployment.Suchanincreaseassumesanabundantandcheapenergysupply.Manypeoplebelievenuclearenergyprovidesanendlessandeconomicalsourceofpowerandthatitisthereforefundamentalforanindustriallydevelopingsociety.Amongotheradvantagesisthatnuclearpowerexceptforaccidentsisclean.A.furtheradvantageisthatanuclearpowerstationcanberunandmaintainedbyrelativelyfewtechnicalandadministrativestaff.Thenuclearreactorrepresentsagreatstepinourscientificevolutionandwhatevertheanti-nucleargroupsaysitiswrongtoexpectareturntomoreprimitivesourcesoffuel.Howeveropponentspeoplewhoopposesomethingofnuclearenergypointoutthatnuclearpowerstationsbringadirectdangernotonlytotheenvironmentbutalsotocivilliberties.EnvironmentalistsargueinthelongrunnuclearenergywastesvaluableresourcesanddisturbstheecologytoanextentwhichcouldbringaboutthedestructionofthehumanracE.FurthermoreitisquestionablewhethernuclearpowerisacheapsourceofenergywheneverythingisconsidereD.TherehaveforexamplebeenverycostlyaccidentsinAmericainBritainandofcourseinRussiA.Thepossibilityofincreasesinthecostofuranium铀inadditiontothecostofgreatersafetyprovisions设施couldpricenuclearpoweroutofthemarket.Inspiteofthecaseagainstnuclearenergyabovenuclearenergyprogrammesareexpandingwhichassumesacontinualgrowthinindustrialproductionandconsumerdemands.HoweveritisdoubtfulwhetherthisgrowthwillorcancontinuE.Havingweigheduptheargumentsinbothsidesitseemsthattherearegoodeconomicandecologicalreasonsforsourcesofenergyotherthannuclearpower.56.What’sthewriter’sattitudetowardnuclearenergy?A.ObjectiveB.NegativeC.TolerantD.Appreciative57.Accordingtotheopponentswhichofthefollowingistrueofnuclearenergy?A.PrimitivE.B.EndlessC.Cheap.D.UnsafE.58.Somepeoplebelievethatnuclearenergyisthemostimportantbecause.A.unclearpowerstationscanberunandmaintainedbyrelativelyfewstaff.B.itcanmeetthegrowingdemandofanindustriallydevelopingsociety.C.itrepresentsahugestepforwardinourscientificevolution..D.itprovidesaperfectwayouttoincreaseemployment59.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?

Wildelephantsliveinherdsof10toabout50.TheleaderisusuallyafemalE.A.herdcangothroughaforestquietly.IttravelsinasinglelinE.Itgoesabout6milesanhour.Whenfrighteneditmayrunatabout25milesanhour.Whentheyreachwaterelephantsswimacross.Theyaregreatswimmers.Elephantseatgrassleavessmallbranchesandbark.Theyparticularlylikethetenderleavesonthetopoftrees.Howdotheygettheseleaves?Theyusetheirheadstoknocktreesdown.Theycaneasilyknockdowna30-foottreE.ElephantsalsoeatberriesmangoescoconutscornandsugarcanE.Theylovesalt.A.wildmaleadulteats500to600poundsoffoodaday.Manypeoplewanttofindthegraveyards墓地ofelephants.Thereisastrongbeliefthatsuchgraveyardsexist.Hereiswhy.BonesandtusksofdeadelephantshavealmostneverbeenfounD.Searcheshavebeenmadeinforests.Grassyplainshavebeensearchedtoo.ButneitherbonesnortusksarefounD.Elephantsdon’tliveforever.Wherearetheirbones?Theydon’tjustburythemselves.Hereisonebelief.Whenanelephantgetssickorolditinstinctivelyknowsdeathisnear.ItleavestheherD.ItgoesofftoasecretgraveyarD.Theplaceisknownonlytoelephantsandperhapsotheranimalsbutnottohumans.Obviouslysuchagraveyardwouldbefilledwithtusks.ThesewereonceveryvaluablE.TheobjectiveofexplorerswastofindthisgoldminE.Thisgraveyardbeliefmaybeatruthoramyth.ButitisromantiC.ItwouldbeniceifitweretruE.21.Anelephantusuallytravelsataspeedof________perhour.A.around6milesB.around25milesC.nomorethan6milesD.morethan25miles22.Accordingtothepassageelephants’favoritefoodsare_________.A.grassleavessmallbranchesandbarkB.tenderleavesonthetopoftreesC.berriesmangoescoconutscornandsugarcaneD.noneoftheabove23.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat_________.A.otheranimalsknowwhereelephants’graveyardsareB.elephantsburythemselveswhentheirdeathsarenearC.peoplehavefoundbonesandtusksofdeadelephantsD.whethertherearegraveyardsofelephantsisstillnotknown

Recentlytherewasamajordiscoveryinthescientificresearch—themappingofallDNAinahumangene基因iscompletE.Coupleofyearsagothisseemsanimpossibletaskforscientisttoaccomplish.Allthisprogressinscienceleadsustobelievethatthedaywhenthehumanbeingwillbeclonedisnotfaraway.Humancloninghasalwaysbeenatopicofargumentintermsofmoralityorreligion.Takingalookatwhycloningmightbebeneficialamongmanycasesitisarguablethatparentswhoareknowntobeatriskofpassingageneticlimitationtoachildcouldmakeuseofcloning.Iftheclonewasfreeofgeneticlimitations.Thentheotherclonewouldbeaswell.Thelattercouldfoeinsertedinthewomanandallowedtoripentoterm.Moreovercloningwouldenablewomenwhocan’tgetpregnanttohavechildrenoftheirown.Cloninghumanswouldalsomeanthatorganscouldbeclonedsoitwouldbeasourceofperfecttransferorgans.Thissurelywouldbegreatlybeneficialtomillionsofunfortunatepeoplearoundtheworldthatareexpectedtolosetheirlivesduetofailureofsingleormoreorgans.Itisalsoarguablethatabanoncloningmaybeunlawfulandwouldrobpeopleoftherighttoreproduceandlimitthefreedomofscientists.ArgumentsagainstcloningarealsoonaperfectlypracticalsidE.PrimarilyIbelievethatcloningwouldstepinthenormalcycleoflifE.Therewouldbealargenumberofsamegenes.whichreducethechancesofimprovementandinturndevelopment-thefundamentalreasonhowlivingthingsnaturallyadapttotheever-changingenvironment.LifeprocessesfailingtodosomightresultinuntimelydisappearancE.FurthermorecloningwouldmaketheuniquenessthateachoneofuspossessesdisappeA.Thusleadingtocreationofgeneticallyengineeredgroupsofpeopleforspecificpurposesandchancesarethatthoseindividualswouldberegardedasobjectsratherthanpeopleinthesociety.Scientistshaven’t100percent.guaranteedthatthefirstclonedwillbenormal.Thusthiscouldresultinintroductionofadditionallimitationsinthehumangene-pool.Regardingsucharguabletopicsinblackorwhiteapproachseemsveryinnocenttomepersonally.Weshouldrathertrytolookatallshades:ofit.Ibelievethatcloningisonlylegalifitspurposeisforcloningorgansnothumans.Thenwecouldregardthisasforsavinglifeinsteadofcreatinglife.IbelievecloninghumansismorallyandsociallyunacceptablE.9.WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassageA.GeneticlimitationwillbebeneficialforsomewomenB.A.largenumberofgeneswillpreventusfromdevelopingC.ProhibitionofcloningmightlimitthefreedomofscientistsD.Firstclonedhumansmightbenormalaccordingtoscientists10.What’stheauthor’sopiniononcloning?A.CloningshouldbeentirelybannedB.CloningshouldbeusedincreatinglifeC.CloningwilltakeawaytherighttoreproduceD.Cloningisacceptableifitisusedforcloningorgans11.Wherecanyoureadthisarticle?A.Inastorybook.B.InamagazinE.C.InasciencefictionD.Inabrochure12.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage

Noonecanchangetheweather.Nobodycancontroltheweather.ButifwereadcorrectlythesignsarounduswecantellwhatthemoreimportantchangesintheweatherwillbE.Thiswayoftellingwhattheweatherwillbelikeonthefollowingdayortwoiscalledweatherforecasting.Formanycenturiesandinallcountriespeoplehavestudiedtheweatherandtriedtomakeweatherforecasting.Ringsaroundthesunareasignofcomingrain.Thatmanypeoplefeeltheirjoints关节hurtisasignofwetweather.Somebirdsflyhighiftheweatherisfinebuttheyflynearthegroundifrainyorstormyweatherisontheway.IfyouseearainbowduringrainyweatherthisisasignthattheweatherwillbecomeclearandfinE.Suchrainbowscomeintheevening.IfthestarstwinkleclearlyatnightthenfineweatherwillcontinuE.Ifafogappearsinthemorningjustaboveariverthenthedaywillbewarm.IfthesunsetismostlyredincolourthenthefollowingdaywillbefinE.IfarainbowappearsinthemorningrainyweatherwillprobablycomE.Mostoftheabovesayingshavebeenmadebythepeoplewhohaveusedtheireyesandbrainstomakeweatherforecasting.40.Whichistrueaboutweatherforecasting?A.WeatherforecastingisawayoftellingwhattheweatherwillbelikE.B.Weatherforecastingisareportabouttheweather.C.Weatherforecastingisasignofcomingrain.D.Peoplecanchangetheweatherforecasting.41.Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedheretoreplacetheunderlinedphraseontheway?A.continuingB.reducing.C.coming.D.disappearing.42.Whichofthefollowingsignscantelltheweatherwillprobablyberainy?A.Somebirdsflyhigh.B.A.rainbowappearsinthemorning.C.Thesunsetismostlyredincolour.D.Fogsappearinthemorningjustaboveariver.43.Thebesttitleofthepassageis_______.A.WeatherforecastingplaysanimportantroleinourlifeB.WeatherforecastingcanbringpeoplesomesignsofweatherC.Weatherisforecastedonlybyeyesandbrains.D.Peoplecanpredictweatherbyexperienceindailylife

Sevenspeciesofcarp鲤鱼nativetoAsiahavebeenintroducedintoUnitedStateswatersinrecentdecadesbutit'sfourinparticular－bigheadblackgrassandsilver－thatworryecologistsbiologistsfishersandpolicymakersalikE.Introducedinthesoutheasttohelpcontrolweedsandparasitesinaquaculture水产养殖operationsthesefishsoonspreaduptheMississippiRiversystemwheretheyhavebeencrowdingoutnativefishpopulationsnotusedtocompetingwithsuchaggressiveinvaders.Thecarps'presenceinsuchnumbersisalsoharmingwaterqualityandkillingoffsensitivespecies.Asiancarparestrongtojumpoverbarrierssuchaslowdams.Theylayhundredsofthousandsofeggsatatimeandspreadintonewhabitatquicklyandeasily.Alsofloodinghashelpedthefishexpandintopreviouslyunattainablewaterbodies.Andfishersusingyoungcarpaslivebaithavealsohelpedthefish'sspreadastheyhaveboatsgoingthroughlocksupanddowntheMississippi.ThefederalgovernmentconsiderstheAsiancarpstobeannoyingspeciesandencouragesandsupportsactivecontrolbynaturalresourcesmanagementagencies.FederalandstategovernmentshavespentmillionsintaxdollarstopreventthecarpfrommakingtheirwayintotheGreatLakesbutanunderwaterelectricfenceconstructedtokeepthemouthasnotworkedaswellashopedandpolicymakersarereviewingotheroptionsnow.InthemeantimestateandfederalagenciesaremonitoringtheMississippianditsbranchesforAsiancarpandtestingvariousbarriertechnologiestopreventtheirfurtherspreaD.ForinstancetheNationalParkServiceiscooperatingwiththestateofMinnesota'sDepartmentofNaturalResourcestoconstructnewdamsthatarehighenoughtopreventAsiancarpfromjumpingover.TheAsianCarpRegionalCoordinatingCommitteehasfundedDNAmonitoringinpotentiallyaffectedwaterbodieswherebyresearcherscandeterminewhetherthetroublesomefisharepresentjustbythebiologicalfootprintstheyleavebehinD.Individualscandotheirpartbynottransportingfishbaitorevenwaterfromonewaterbodytoanotherandbyemptyingandwashingboatsbeforemovingthembetweendifferentwaterbodies.25.AsiancarphavebeenintroducedtotheUSAinorderto________.A.improvewaterqualityB.helpsensitivespeciesC.controlthenumberofnativefishesD.controltheecosysteminaquaculture26.ThemeasuretokeepAsiancarpoutoftheGreatLakebutprovednotgoodis________.A.testingvariousbarriertechnologiesB.constructionofanunderwaterelectricfenceC.Emptyingandwashingboatsbeforeusingthem.D.monitoringtheMississippianditsbranchesforAsiancarp27.Itissuggestedfromthepassagethat________.A.aquacultureoperationsaredangeroustothewaterbodiesB.scientifictechnologyisuselessinpreventingAsiancarpspreadingC.boththestateandtheindividualscanmakeeffortstokeepoutAsiancarpD.AsiancarphavesuccessfullyinvadedtheMississippiandtheGreatLakes

TherehavealwaysbeenalotofcommonlybelievedbutexercisE.Somepeoplebelievethattheycan’thelpputtingonholdthatiftheystopexercisingtheirmuscleswillturnintofat.HerearesomemoremythsfalseideasaboutbeingfatanddoingweightastheygetolderwhileothersI‘llneverloseweight一IcomefromafatfamilyWrong!Whilewecan’tchangethebodytypewearebomwithwecan’tblameourgenesformakingusfat.There’splentyofevidencethatfatnessrunsinfamiliesandthemainreasonisthattheysharethesamehabitsofeatingtoomuchandexercisingtoolittlE.IamfatbecauseIburncaloriesslowlyWrong!Fatnessisnotcausedbyaslowmetabolism新陈代谢.Infactalthoughfatpeopleconsumemoreenergythanslimpeopletheyalsofailtorealizehowmuchtheyeat!Keepingadiarycanhelpyouworkoutyourdailyfoodintakemoreaccurately.ExerciseisboringWrong!Anythingwillbecomeboringifyoudoitrepetitively.ThekeyistodevelopabalancedandvariedprogramthafsfunaswellasprogressivE.IfyouenjoyaSundaywalktakeadifferentroutE.Ifyoudoyogatryataichiclass.IfyoulikeswimmingsetyourselfadistanceortimechallengE.NopainnogainWrong!Exerciseisnotmeanttohurt.Indeedpainisyourbodytellingyousomething’swrongandcontinuingtoexercisecouldleadtoseriousinjury.Youmayexperiencemilddiscomfortasyoubegintoexerciseregularlybutthisisyourbodyadaptingtothepositivechangesinyourlifestyleandtheachesshoulddisappearrelativelyquickly.Iftheydon’trestandseekmedicaladvicE.40.Whatdoestheauthorthinkaboutbeingfat?A.Itisthefamilygenesthatmakepeoplefat.B.Peoplearefatbecausetheyconsumetoolittleenergy.C.Adiaryofexercisecanpreventpeoplefrombecomingfat.D.Itistheconsequenceofpeople’sunbalancedlifestylE.41.Accordingtotheauthorhowcanwemakeexercisemoreinteresting?A.BytakingvariedexercisE.B.BychoosingsimpleexercisE.C.BydoingregularexercisE.D.BystickingtooutdoorexercisE.42.Whatistheauthor’sopinionaboutNopainnogaininexercising?A.KeepingfitisessentiallyapainfulexperiencE.B.Exerciseshouldbestoppedifcontinuouspainisfelt.C.Paininexerciseisapreconditionforreachingyourgoal.D.Gettingusedtopainleadstopositivechangesinyourbody.43.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Todeclaretheimportanceofkeepingfit.B.ToclarifysomemisconceptionsaboutfatnessandexercisE.C.Toconfirmwhathaslongbeenbelievedaboutkeepingfit.D.ToexplainsomemedicalfactsaboutbeingfatanddoingexercisE.

Whatexactlyisalie?Isitanythingwesaywhichweknowisuntrue?Orisitsomethingmorethanthat?Forexamplesupposeafriendwantstoborrowsomemoneyfromyou.YousayIwishIcouldhelpyoubutI’mshortofmoneymyself.Infactyouarenotshortofmoneybutyourfriendisinthehabitofnotpayinghisdebtsandyoudon’twanttohurthisfeelingsbyremindinghimofthis.Isthisreallyalie?ProfessorJeraldJellisonoftheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniahasmadeascientificstudyoflying.AccordingtohimwomenarebetterliarsthanmenparticularlywhentellingawhiteliesuchaswhenawomanatapartytellsanotherwomanthatshelikesherdresswhenshereallythinksitlooksterriblE.Howeverthisisonlyonesideofthestory.Otherresearcherssaythatmenaremorelikelytotellmoreseriousliessuchasmakingapromisewhichtheyhavenointentionofcarryingout.Thisisthekindofliepoliticiansandbusinessmenaresupposedtobeparticularlyskilledat:theliefromwhichtheliarhopestoprofitorgaininsomeway.Researchhasalsobeendoneintothewaypeople’sbehaviourchangesinanumberofsmallapparentlyunimportantwayswhentheyliE.Ithasbeenfoundthatiftheyaresittingdownatthetimetheytendtomoveaboutintheirchairsmorethanusual.TothetrainedobservertheyaresayingIwishIweresomewhereelsenow.TheyalsotendtotouchcertainpartsofthefacemoreofteninparticularthenosE.OneexplanationofthismaybethatlyingcausesaslightincreaseinbloodpressurE.Thetipofthenoseisverysensitivetosuchchangesandtheincreasedpressuremakesititch痒.AnothergesturewhichgivesliarsawayiswhatthewriterDesmondMorrisinhisbookManwatchingcallsthemouthcover.Hesaysthereareseveraltypicalformsofthissuchascoveringpartofthemouthwiththefingerstouchingtheupper-liporputtingafingerofthehandatonesideofthemouth.Suchagesturecanbeunderstoodasanunconscious无意识的attemptonthepartoftheliartostophimselforherselffromlying.Ofcoursesuchgesturesasrubbingthenoseorcoveringthemouthormovingaboutinachaircannotbetakenasproofthatthespeakerislying.Theysimplytendtooccurmorefrequentlyinthissituation.Itisnotonegesturealonethatgivestheliarawaybutawholenumberofthingsandinparticularthecontext情境inwhichthelieistolD.68.AccordingtoProfessorJellisonawhitelieappearstobealie________.A.thataretoldtomeantheoppositeB.thataliartellsunconsciouslyC.whichisharmlessandtoldsoasnottohurtsomeoneelseD.thatthetellertellstoprofitorgainsomeadvantagefromit69.Researchonlyingsuggeststhatwomen__________.A.tellmoreliesthanmendoB.aremoreskilledattellinglessseriousliesthanmendoC.liketoflatter奉承peoplemoreoftenthanmendoD.arebetterattellingliesatpartiesthanmendo70.Onereasonwhypeoplesometimescovertheirmouthswhilelyingisthat_______.A.theywishthosewordshadnotcomeoutoftheirmouthsB.mouthisverysensitivetophysicalchangescausedbylyingC.theyregretthattheirliesmighthurtotherpeople’sfeelingsD.theyaretryingunconsciouslytostopthemselvesfromtellinglies71.Wecanrealizefromthepassagethat_________.A.thereisnosimplewaytojudgeifpeopletellliesornotB.politiciansandbusinessmenliemoreoftenthanordinarypeopleC.somegesturesareproofsoflyingonlyiftheyoccurtoooftenD.certaingesturescanbeusedasprooftojudgewhetheraspeakerislyingornot

Squirrelsoftencommunicatewithwhistleschirpsandchuckswhichsoundlikethewordchuck.WhistlesandchirpsarelikethesoundsthatmanybirdsmakE.Nowscientistshavetranslatedsomeoftheirsquirrel-speak.HareaprofessorofzoologyattheUniversityofManilohainWinnipegandhisteammanagedtorecordsquirrels’alarmcalls.Theresearchersstudiedthesoundsandthenplayedthembackto60wildsquirrelswhichthescientistsapproachedindividuallywithavideorecordertocapture抓拍theirresponses.Somesquirrelsliftedtheirheadsupandbecamealert警惕的.Creaturesthatweremorefrightenedsimplyranfortheirlivesanddivedintocaves.Ineffectthenwhistlesthatmixwithchuckssay‘there’sanenemyofaveragethreatthat’shere’andwhistleswithoutchuckssay‘there’sanenemyofseeminglyaveragethreataroundheresomewhere’whilepurechirpssay‘I’mhidingherebecausethere’sanimmediatedanger.’HaretoldDiscoveryNews.Hareandsomeotherresearchersbelievesuchsoundsarepartofanadvancedlanguagethatdevelopsjustasallothercommunicationsystems.Althoughsquirrelsrisktheirliveswhentheycallouttowarnothersofthreatsothersquirrelsmightadmirethisbehaviourthusincreasinglythecaller’ssocialstatuslikehumanswholookuptoheroes.Hareaddedthatotheranimalssuchasbirdsprobablyunderstandatleastsomesquirrellanguagesincetheyalsomaybenefitfromthealarmcalls.InfactanotherCanadianstudyfoundthatdeep-voicedblack-cappedchickadeeshavetheirownlanguagetoo.Accordingtocertainresearchtherearealotoftidingsinchickadees’callssuchasdirectingfellows’activitieskeepingincontactbetweenmatesandraisingalarms.Whilechickadeesandotherbirdsareoftenwelcomedintogardensbyhomeownerssquirrelsarefrequentlyviewedaspests害兽.Harewishesagreaterunderstandingofthecomplexsociallivesandcommunicationsystemsofsquirrelswillprovidehopethathumanswillgainagreaterappreciationandstopdoingharmtotheseanimals.60.Thetextmainlytalksabout.A.thestudyonthelanguageofsquirrelsB.thecomparisonbetweensquirrelsandchickadeesC.thecallingfortheprotectionofsquirrelsD.thewaysforsquirrelstoescapefromtheirenemies61.Ifasquirrelisinaverydangeroussituationitwouldprobablymake.A.whistleswithchucksB.purechirpsC.whistleswithoutchucksD.repeatedchucks62.TheunderlinedwordtidingsinParagraph6probablymeans.A.difficultiesB.poiseC.messagesD.languages63.Whatcanbelearnedfromthistext?A.Squirrelscommunicatewitheachotherashumansdo.B.Somesquirrelsunderstandtherecordedalarmcalls.C.Otheranimalsalsowellunderstandthelanguageofsquirrels.D.Birdssuchaschickadeesdon’thavetheirownlanguagE.

Runninglikethewindroaring咆哮likethundertigershavelongbeenfearedandrespectedasakingoftheanimalworlD.Butlastweekareportsaidthattherearenomorethan30wildtigersleftinsouthChinA.ThiswastheconclusionofateamofscientistsfromChina'sStateForestryAdministrationandtheWorldNatureFunD.TheSouthChinatigeralsoknownastheChinesetigerisnativetosouthernChinA.Inthe1950'stherewereover4000tigersfoundinmountainforestsinthecountry.Butduetothedestructionoftheirnaturalhabitatanduncontrolledhuntingithasbeenpushedontothelistoftheworld'stoptenmostendangeredspecies.Sixty­sixofthebigcatscanbefoundinthecagesofadozenzoosaroundChinA.Buttheyarenothingliketheirwildcousins.Theyhavelosttheirnaturalskillssuchashuntingandkilling.Iftheyweresetfreetheycouldnotlookafterthemselves.BreedinghasdamagedthequalityofthespeciessaidPeiEnledeputydirectoroftheShanghaiZoo.ToreintroducethespeciesintothewildthecountrystartedaprogrammetosendfivetotenyoungtigerstoSouthAfricA.FourofthemhavealreadyarriveD.Progresshasbeenmadeastwoeldertigershaverecoveredsomeoftheirinstincts本能andcanhuntwildanimalsbythemselvesattheAfricanbasE.SouthAfricansareveryexperiencedinreintroducingbiganimalstothewilD.ThecountryhasverygoodnaturalconditionsforthetigerstolearninsaidLuJunofficedirectoroftheNationalWildlifeResearchandDevelopmentCenter.WetriedinFujianProvincebutitwasnotsuccessfulastherewasnotacompleteeco­chain生物链andtherewasalackofspacE.ThetigersshouldreturntoChinain2007whenthereservationsinFujianareready.56.WhatisthemainreasonfortheSouthChinatigerbecomingoneoftheworld'stoptenmostendangeredspecies?A.Becauseithaslostitsnaturalinstincts.B.Becausethereisnotacompleteeco­chain.C.Becausethereisnospaceforit.D.Becauseuncontrolledhuntinghasdestroyeditsnaturallivingconditions.57.HowistheprogrammeofsendingseveraltigerstoSouthAfricagettingon?A.Itseffectstillremainstobeseen.B.Twotigerscanalreadycompetewiththeirwildcousins.C.Someofthetigersarealreadyontheroadtorecoveringtheirnaturalskills.D.Thetigersshouldbeabletorecovertheirinstinctscompletelyby2007.58.Bysayingbuttheyarenothingliketheirwildcousinsthewritermeansthat________.A.theyarenolongerfearedbyotherwildanimalsB.theydon'tknowhowtohuntorkillC.acompletechangehasresultedinthespeciesbecauseofbreedingD.toreintroducethemintothewildhasbecomeanurgenttask59.WhatisthepurposeofsendingyoungtigerstoSouthAfrica?A.TohelpthetigersrecovertheirabilitytoliveinthewilD.B.Toprovidethemwithabetterenvironment.C.Togetthetigerstogoonatour.D.Tofindacompleteeco­chainforthem.

Itisatalltalethatterrifiesmostyoungchildren.SwallowapieceofchewinggumanditwillremaininyourbodyforsevenyearsbeforeitisdigesteD.Anevenworsetaleisthatswallowedgumcanwrapitselfaroundyourheart.Butwhatwouldhappenifyoushouldaccidentallyeatastickofgum?Chewinggumismadeoutofgumbasesweetenerscoloringandflavoring.Thegumbaseisprettyindigestible—itisamixtureofdifferentingredients成分thatourbodycan’tabsorB.Mostofthetimeyourstomachreallycannotbreakdownthegumthewayitwouldbreakdownotherfoods.Howeveryourdigestivesystemhasanotherwaytodealwiththingsyouswallow.Afterallweeatlotsofthingsthatweareunabletofullydigest.Theykeepmovingalonguntiltheymakeitallthewaythroughthegut肠道andcomeoutattheotherendoneortwodayslater.Thesaliva唾液inourmouthwillmakeanattemptatdigestingchewinggumassoonasweputitinourmouth.Itmightgetthroughtheshellbutmanyofgum’sbaseingredientsareindigestiblE.It’sthendowntoourstomachmuscles—whichcontractandstretchmuchlikethewayanearthwormmoves—toslowlyforcethethingsthatweswallowthroughoursystems.Swallowingahugepieceofgumorswallowingmanysmallpiecesofguminashorttimecancauseablockage堵塞withinthedigestivesystemmostofteninchildrenwhohaveathinnerdigestivetractthanadults—butthisisextremelyrarE.58.Childrenmightfeelterrifiedafterswallowingchewinggummainlybecause.A.theybelievethetalltaleaboutchewinggumB.chewinggumwillstayintheirbodyforyearsC.theirheartwillbewrappedbychewinggumD.chewinggumisindigestibleforchildren59.Whathappenstothefoodthatcan’tbefullybrokendown?A.Itremainsinourdigestivesystemforever.B.Itwillbeeventuallymovedoutofourbody.C.Itwillfightagainstthepowerofthegut.D.Itwillsticktothegutforoneortwodays.60.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Howdoesourdigestivesystemwork?B.Canchewinggumbeswallowedbykids?C.Doesswallowingchewinggummatter?D.Whyswallowingchewinggumfrightenskids?

SeaLifeMelbourneAquarium水族馆Theall-newSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumlocatedintheheartofMelbourne’sCBDisoneofVictoria’sleadingvisitorattractionsandanunforgettableoutingforthewholefamily.Having12amazingzonesofdiscoverySeaLifeMelbourneAquariumistheveryplacethatyoucannotmisswhenyouvisitthecity.*OpeningTimesSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumisopenfrom9:30amuntil6:00pmeverydayoftheyearincludingpublicholidays.Lastadmissionisat5:00pmonehourbeforeclosing.*Location.SeaLifeMelbourneAquariumislocatedonthecornerofFlindersStreetandKingStreetMelbournE.ItislocatedontheYarraRiveroppositeCrownEntertainmentComplex.*GettingtoSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumTrainTheSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumtrainstopislocatedonthefreeCityCircleTramroute公交线路andalsoroutes70and75.CityCircletramsrunevery10minutesinbothdirections.ShuttleBusTheSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumisafreebusservicestoppingatkeytouristattractionsinandaroundtheCity.Runningdailyevery15minutesfrom10:00amto4:00pm.CarParkingWhilethereisnopubliccarparkingatSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumthereareseveralpubliccarparkinglotsavailableonlyashortwalkaway.*WheelchairAccessSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumprovidespeopleinwheelchairswithfullaccesstoall12zones.Eachflooralsohaswheelchairaccessibletoilets.*TermsTicketswillbeemailedtoyouimmediatelyafterbuyingoryoucandownloadandprintyourticketoncepaymenthasbeenaccepteD.PleaseprintoutallticketsboughtandpresentatthefrontentranceofSeaLifeMelbourneAquarium.Noticketnoentry!56.SeaLifeMelbourneAquarium_________.A.islocatedatthecenteroftheCBDinthecityB.has12mostattractiveplacesinMelbourneC.admitsvisitorsfrom9:30amuntil6:00pmD.isbesideCrownEntertainmentComplex57.GettingtoSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumvisitorscantake________.A.trainsfromsouthernCrosstrainstationB.shuttlebusesaroundthetrainstationC.boatsacrosstheYarraRiverD.eithertramroute70or7558.SeaLifeMelbourneAquariumoffersvisitors________.A.freecarparkingB.wheelchairaccessC.InternetconnectionD.transportationservice59.TicketstoSeaLifeMelbourneAquarium________.A.arefreetoallvisitorsB.canbeboughtbyemailC.arecheckedattheentranceD.canbeprintedattheticketoffice

Duringasmallearthquakeyouwillfeelalittleshaking.Pictureshangingonthewallsmightmovebackandforth.Dishesmightrattle发出响声insidethekitchencabinet.A.lampmightpossiblyfallandbreak.InaverystrongearthquakeyoumightbethrownupwardordowntothegrounD.CracksmightappearinthegrounD.Windowsmightbebroken.Buildingsandbridgesmightfalldown.PeoplemightbeinjuredorevenkilleD.Strongearthquakesoftensuddenlybreakelectricwires.Thatmeanselectriclightsandmachineswillnotwork.Waterpipessometimesbreaksopeoplehavenowatertodrink.Pipesthatcarrynaturalgasandtanksthatholdpetrolanddangerouschemicalscanbreakandstartfires.Aftershocks余震aremini－quakesthatcomeafterthemainpartofanearthquakE.TheycancauseevenmoredamagE.AftershocksareespeciallydangerousforrescueworkerswhohavegoneintoruinedbuildingstohelppeoplewhoaretrappedinsidE.Thebuildingscancollapse_trappingtherescueworkersalongwiththepeopletheyaretryingtohelp.VerystrongearthquakescancausetsunamisintheoceanwhichmaybringgreatdamagE.EarthquakescancauselandslideswheredirtandrocksslidedownthesidesofamountainanddamagebuildingsandhurtpeoplE.Earthquakescanalsocauseavalanches雪崩andheavysnowslidedownamountainsidE.AnavalanchecanbejustasdangerousasalandslidE.25.AllthefollowingmaybetheresultsofastrongearthquakeEXCEPTthat________.A.strongbridgesfalldownB.peoplehavenowatertodrinkC.somedangerouschemicalsflowoutD.dishesinthekitchenshakeandmakesounds26.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.AftershocksarenotasdangerousasthemainpartofanearthquakE.B.Aftershocksareevenmoredangerousthanbigearthquakestorescueworkers.C.AftershocksalwayscausemoreseriousharmthanthemainpartofanearthquakE.D.AftershocksarestrongearthquakesfollowingthemainpartofanearthquakE.27.TheunderlinedwordcollapseinParagraph4probablymeans________.A.falldownB.shakeoutC.setupD.breakthrough28.Thispassageismainlyabout________.A.howearthquakestakeplaceB.whatcausesstrongearthquakesC.strongearthquakesandlightonesD.thetypesofearthquakesandtheirdamage

HumanremainsofancientsettlementswillbereburiedandlosttoscienceunderalawthatthreatensresearchintothehistoryofhumansinBritainagroupofleadingarchaeologists考古学家says.InaletteraddressedtothejusticesecretaryKenClarke40archaeologistswriteoftheirdeepandwidespreadconcernabouttheissuE.ItcentresonthelawintroducedbytheMinistryofJusticein2008whichrequiresallhumanremainsunearthedinEnglandandWalestobereburiedwithintwoyearsregardlessoftheiragE.ThedecisionmeansscientistshavetoolittletimetostudybonesandotherhumanremainsofnationalandculturalsignificancE.YourcurrentrequirementthatallarchaeologicallyunearthedhumanremainsshouldbereburiedwhetherafterastandardperiodoftwoyearsoffurtherspecialextensioniscontrarytobasicprinciplesofarchaeologicalandscientificresearchandofmuseumpracticetheywritE.Thelawappliestoanypiecesofboneuncoveredataround400digsitesincludingtheremainsof60orsobodiesfoundatStonehengein2008thatdatebackto3000BC.ArchaeologistshavebeengrantedatemporaryextensiontogivethemmoretimebuteventuallytheboneswillhavetobereturnedtothegrounD.ThearrangementsmayresultinthewasteoffuturediscoveriesatsitessuchasHappisburghinNorfolkwherediggingiscontinuingafterthediscoveryofstonetoolsmadebyearlyhumans950000yearsago.IfhumanremainswerefoundatHappisburghtheywouldbetheoldestinnorthernEuropeandthefirstindicationofwhatthisspecieswas.UnderthecurrentpracticeofthelawthoseremainswouldhavetobereburiedandeffectivelydestroyeD.Before2008guidelinesallowedfortheproperpreservationandstudyofbonesofsufficientageandhistoricalinterestwhiletheBurialAct1857appliedtomorerecentremains.TheMinistryofJusticeassuredarchaeologisttwoyearsagothatthelawwastemporarybuthassofarfailedtoreviseit.MikeParkerPearsonanarchaeologistatSheffieldUniversitysaid:Archaeologistshavebeenextremelypatientbecausewewereledtobelievetheministrywassortingoutthisproblembutwefeelthatwecannotwaitanylonger.Theministryhasnoguidelinesonwhereorhowremainsshouldbereburiedoronwhatrecordsshouldbekept.1.Accordingtothepassagescientistsareunhappywiththelawmainlybecause.A.itisonlyatemporarymeasureonthehumanremainsB.itisunreasonableandthusdestructivetoscientificresearchC.itwasintroducedbythegovernmentwithouttheirknowledgeD.itisvagueaboutwhereandhowtoreburyhumanremains2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.TemporaryextensionoftwoyearswillguaranteescientistsenoughtimE.B.HumanremainsoftheoldestspeciesweredugoutatHappisburgh.C.HumanremainswillhavetobereburieddespitetheextensionoftimE.D.ScientistshavebeenwarnedthatthelawcanhardlybechangeD.3.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheBritishlawgoverninghumanremains?A.TheMinistryofJusticedidnotintendittoprotecthumanremains.B.TheBurialAct1857onlyappliedtoremainsuncoveredbefore1857.C.Thelawonhumanremainshasn’tchangedinrecentdecades.D.TheMinistryofJusticehasnotdoneenoughaboutthelaw.4.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.NewdiscoveriesshouldbereburiedthegovernmentdemandsB.ResearchtimeshouldbeextendedscientistsrequireC.LawonhumanremainsneedsthoroughdiscussionauthoritiessayD.Lawcouldburyancientsecretsforeverarchaeologistswarn

InthelongdiscussionofwaterontheMoonanewstudycontradicts与相矛盾somerecentreportsthatsaytheMoonhadwateratthetimeofitsformation.A.groupofresearchersreportsinthejournalSciencethatwhentheMoonwascreatedsome4.5billionyearsagotherewasnotmuchhydrogen氢气onitandthereforenowater.TheresearcherssurveyedandevaluatedthisbyanalyzingchlorineisotopesfoundinlunarrocksamplesfromApollomissions.Therangeofchlorine氯isotopesinlunarsampleswas25timesthatfoundinsamplesfromEarth.IftheMoonhadsignificantlevelsofhydrogenasEarthdidthisrangewouldhavebeenfarlesssaidZacharyD.SharpascientistintheDepartmentofEarthandPlanetarySciencesandthestudy’sleadauthor.ThechlorinewouldhavestucktogetherwithhydrogenformingcompoundslikehydrogenchlorideandescapedfromtheMoon’ssurfacehesaiD.Theabundanceofchlorineindicatesalackofhydrogenandwater.TheamountofwaterontheMoonwaswaytoolowforlifetohaveeverhavepossiblyhaveexistedtherehesaiD.MostscientistsbelievetheMoonwasformedwhenalargeobjectstruckEarthbreakingoffachunkavastpiecethathassinceorbitedEarth.OnEarthgoesonetheorywaterwasreleasedassteamfrommoltenbasalts玄武岩overtimeeventuallyformingbodiesofwater.AnunderstandingofwhethertheMoonwasdryorwetwillhelpusunderstandhowwaterappearedonEarthDr.SharpsaiD.1.A.newstudyindicatesthatonthemoon.A.thereisplentyofwaterB.waterisunlikelytoexistC.waterexistedinthepastD.thereisalittlewaternow2.Theauthorwouldliketotellusthroughthesixthparagraph.A.whythereisnowaterontheMoonB.howtheMoonwasformedC.whentheEarthstrucktheMoonD.wheretheMoonorbited3.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordthisstandforinthesecondparagraph?A.NeitherhydrogennorwaterontheMoon.B.ToomuchchlorineisotopesontheMoon.C.NotbeingmuchhydrogennowaterontheMoon.D.MorechlorineexistsontheMoonthanEarth.4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.ZacharyD.SharpascientistofNewMexicowasinchargeofthenewstudy.B.Chlorineisotopesare25timesinlunarlargerthanEarth.C.Themoreabundantchloridetheshorterhydrogenandwater.D.ThenewstudyisbeneficialtounderstandhowwaterappearedonEarth.5.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.ThereareenoughwaterontheEarth.B.HydrogenchlorideeasilyescapedfromtheMoon’ssurfacE.C.TheEarthhadsignificantlevelsofhydrogen.D.WaterontheEarthisdirectlyfrommoltenbasalts.

ThemorecuriousweareaboutatopictheeasieritistolearninformationaboutthattopiC.A.studypublishedinNeuronshowswhathappensinourbrainswhencuriosityisarouseD.Thefindingscouldhelpscientistsfindwaystoimproveoveralllearningandmemoryinbothhealthyindividualsandthosewithneurologicalconditions.Ourfindingspotentiallyhavefar-reachingimplicationsforthepublicbecausetheyrevealadeepunderstandingofhowaformofintrinsic内在的motivation—curiosity—affectsmemory.ThesefindingssuggestwaystoimprovelearningintheclassroomandothersettingssaysleadauthorDr.MatthiasGruberofUniversityofCaliforniaatDavis.Forthestudyparticipantsratedtheircuriositytolearntheanswerstoaseriesoftriviaquestions.Whentheywerelaterpresentedwithaselectedtriviaquestiontherewasa14-seconddelaybeforetheanswerwasprovidedduringwhichtimetheparticipantswereshownapictureofanunrelatedfacE.Afterwardsparticipantsperformedasurpriserecognitionmemorytestforthefacesthatwerepresentedfollowedbyamemorytestfortheanswerstothetriviaquestions.Duringcertainpartsofthestudyparticipantshadtheirbrainsscannedviafunctionalmagneticresonanceimaging磁共振成像.Thestudyrevealedthreemajorfindings.Firstasexpectedwhenpeoplewerehighlycurioustofindouttheanswertoaquestiontheywerebetteratlearningthatinformation.Moresurprisinghoweverwasthatoncetheircuriositywasarousedtheyshowedbetterlearningofentirelyunrelatedinformationfacerecognitionthattheyencounteredbutwerenotnecessarilycuriousabout.Peoplewerealsobetterabletomemorizetheinformationlearnedduringacuriousstateacrossa24-hourdelay.Curiositymayputthebraininastatethatallowsittolearnandmemorizeanykindofinformationlikeavortex漩涡thatsucksinwhatyouaremotivatedtolearnandalsoeverythingarounditexplainsDr.Gruber.Secondtheinvestigatorsfoundwhencuriosityisstimulatedthereisincreasedactivityinthebraincircuit大脑回路relatedtorewarD.Wefoundthatintrinsicmotivationactuallyrecruitstheverysamebrainareasthatareheavilyinvolvedinextrinsic外在的motivationsaysDr.Gruber.Thirdtheteamdiscoveredthatwhencuriositymotivatedlearningtherewasincreasedactivityinthehippocampusabrainregionthatisimportantforformingnewmemoriesaswellasincreasedinteractionsbetweenthehippocampusandtherewardcircuit.62.Inwhichsectionofthenewspaperwouldyoumostprobablyfindthispassage?A.CulturE.B.Health.C.Education.D.SciencE.63.Paragraph3mainlytalksabout________.A.theprocessofcarryingoutthestudyB.theparticipants’performanceinthestudyC.thewaytheparticipantshadtheirbrainsscannedD.theparticipants’answerstothetriviaquestions64.AccordingtoDr.Gruber________.A.memoryhasahighlysignificantinfluenceoncuriosityB.intrinsicmotivationisheavilyinvolvedinextrinsicmotivationC.thecuriousmindisavortexforinformationofanykindD.thepowerofcuriositymaybeusedbymanyexceptteachers65.Thewritermainlywantstotellusinthepassage________.A.whycuriosityisimportanttostudentsB.howcuriosityaffectsthebraintoimprovelearningC.howcuriosityandmotivationworkharmoniouslyD.whenaperson’scuriositycanbegreatlyaroused

WhenaSwedishshipthatsankin1628wasrecoveredfromtheportofStockholmhistoriansandscientistswereoverjoyedwiththechancetoexaminetheremainsofthepast.Theshipconstructionshowedhowshipswerebuiltandoperatedduringtheseventeenthcentury.Inthiswayartifacts史前古器物objectsmadebyhumanbeingsprovidedapictureofdailylifealmost400yearsago.Underwaterarchaeology－thestudyofshipsaircraft航行器andhumansettlementsthathavesunkunderlargebodiesofwater－isreallyaproductofthelast50years.Therapidgrowthofthisnewareaofstudyhasoccurredbecauseoftheinventionofbetterdivingequipment.BesidestheSwedishshipwreck残骸underwaterarchaeologistshavemademoreexcitingdiscoveriessuchasthe5000­year­oldboatsintheMediterraneanSeA.Underwaterarchaeologycanprovidefactsaboutthepast.Inancientportsallovertheworldareshipssunkinthepast6000years.Therearealsosunkensettlementsinseasandlakestellingofpeople'swayoflifeandtheirsystemsoftradeinancienttimes.Underwaterarchaeologistswanttostudytheseobjectstoaddtotheworld'sknowledgeofhistorybuttheyhavetofighttwoenemies.Oneenemyistreasurehunterswhodiveforancientartifactsthattheycanselltocollectors.Oncesoldtheseobjectsarelosttoexperts.Thesecondenemyisdredgingmachines挖掘机oftenusedtorepairports.ThesemachinesdestroywrecksandartifactsorburythemdeeperundersandandmuD.Byteachingthepublicabouttheimportanceofunderwatermuseumsofthepastarchaeologistsarehopingtogetsupportforlawstoprotectunderwatertreasures.36.WhatpurposedoesParagraph1serveinthepassage?A.ToprovidebackgroundinformationofthetopiC.B.Toattractreaders'attentiontothetopiC.C.TouseanexampletosupportthetopiC.D.ToofferbasicknowledgeofthetopiC.37.Theaimofunderwaterarchaeologyisto________.A.exploitwaterbodiesB.searchforunderwaterlifeC.studyunderwaterartifactsD.examineunderwaterenvironment38.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tointroduceayoungbranchoflearning.B.Todiscussthescientists'problems.C.Toexplainpeople'swayoflifeinthepast.D.Todescribethesunkenships.39.Whoarethetwoenemiesthatunderwaterarchaeologistshavetofight?A.Treasurehuntersandwarships.B.Treasurehuntersanddredgingmachines.C.Fishermenandwhales.D.Dredgingmachinesandwhales.

Whenyoufeeltiredhowdoyourelax?Drinkcoffeetakeabathdosomeexerciseorplaysomemusicanddance?FordancemusicfansandnightclubloverstheworldfamousEnglishDJdiscojockeySashawillbringthemtheworld'sfinestdancemusiC.HeiscomingtoGuangzhouBeijingandShanghaionNovember18—20aspartofhisworldtourinsupportofhisnewCD.Oneofthemainrolesofmusichasalwaysbeengoingwithdancing.Howevertoday'sdancemusicisverydifferentfromthatofthepast.Thehistoryofdancemusicgoesbacktothe16thcentury.IntheRenaissance文艺复兴andBaroque巴洛克periodofEuroperichpeopleexpectedtobeabletodanceatsocialevents.EachtypeofdancegaverisetoitsownformofmusiC.Duringthe18thand19thcenturiesthemostpopulardanceswerethewaltz华尔兹舞andthepolka波尔卡舞.Inthisperioddanceswereoftenwrittenfortheconcerthall.Forexamplesymphonies交响乐wouldhaveawaltzmovementandpianopiecesweresometimesinthewaltzorpolkA.Inthe1970sdancemusicmovedintonewplacescalleddiscos.ThemusicwasfasterhadmorebassandstartedtobecomemoreelectroniC.DiscomusicbegantodevelopintheUSandaroundEuropE.Bythe1980sthemusicbecamemuchfasterandevenmoreelectroniC.Inthe1990sclubstookoverdiscos.DJsmixedotherpeople'smusiC.Clubdancerhythms韵律becameamajorpartofpopularmusiC.Clubdancemusichasdifferentformsincludingdrumandbass低音乐器hip­hopR&B.ItmadeuseoftechnologyandDJstoplayabiggerpartinspreadingthemusiC.9.Whichofthefollowingdoesnotshowthedifferencebetweentoday'sdancemusicandthatofthepast?A.Agreatervarietyofforms.B.Moretechnologyismadeuseof.C.Themusicisfaster.D.Today'smusicismoreprofessional.10.Whichofthefollowingiscorrectaccordingtotheorderofeachtypebecomingpopular?a.waltzB.discomusicc.R&B.A.a­b­cB.b­a­cC.a­c­bD.b­c­a11.AccordingtothepassageaDJ'sjobismainlyto________.A.developdiscomusicB.createmusicfortheclubC.putdifferentmusicformstogetherD.chooseandplaymusicusingtechnology

WhatissodifferentaboutMoistureSurge?Thesehydratingformulas保湿配方rapidlymakethirstyskinsmoothandsoft.Oil-freeandfitforallskintypestheyhelp:Quicklyincreaseskin’smoisturelevelwithhydratingreliefinahigh-speeddeliverysystem;Restoreskin’smoisturebalance;Makeupdrylines.MoistureSurgeExtendedThirstReliefRapidlong-lastinghydrationinarefreshingoil-freegel胶.Fast-absorbingformulalocksinmoisturealldayandhelpsskinbetterresistdrydespitegreatshiftsinhumidity.Usewheneverwhereverneededunderorovermakeuporasa5-minutemoisturemask面膜.MoistureSurgeFaceWaterThirstySkinReliefRefreshingfacialwater.Greatforuseanytimeanywhereunderorovermakeup.MoistureSurgeExtraRefreshingEyeGEL﹡Coolandcomfortableeyegel.Doctor-testeD.Usewheneverneededunderorovermakeup.MoistureSurgeFacialSheetMask﹡Refreshingpre-moistenedfull-facesheetmask.Apply1-2timesaweekforaquickmoisturizing.Touse:unfoldandapplytocleanskin.Restfor10minutesandthenremovethemask.MoistureSurgeRefreshingEyeMask﹡Refreshingpre-moistenedeyepads垫.Apply1-2timesaweektoreduceunder-eyepuffiness肿andskinwithquickhydration.Touse:removepadsfrompacketsandseparatE.Applytocleanunder-eyeskin.Restfor10minutesandthenremovepads.MoistureSheerTint15﹡RefreshingwashofcolorthathydratesandmakesskinbrightwithspecialmaterialsandSPF15sunscreen.Threeskin-friendlyshadeswearbeautifullyaloneorundermakeup.WARNING:keepoutofeyes.Stopuseifanypainoccurs.Keepoutofreachofchildren.Pleasepayattentionto:﹡standsforNotavailableinallcountries.65.AccordingtothepassageMoistureSurgeisthenameof_______.A.aproductofeyesB.anoil-freeformulaC.asun-blockingcreamD.aseriesofskincareproducts66.WhatdoweknowaboutMoistureSurgeExtraRefreshingEyeGelandMoistureSurgeRefreshingEyeMask?A.TheycanbeusedatanytimE.B.Theymaybegoodforeyes.C.Theyareakindofgel.D.Theyhavebeentestedondoctors.67.WhichofthefollowingproductscanNOTbeusedovermakeup?A.MoistureSurgeFaceWaterThirstySkinRelief.B.MoistureSurgeExtraRefreshingEyeGel.C.MoistureSurgeExtendedThirtyRelief.D.MoistureSheerTintSPF15.68.Howmanyproductsmentionedinthepassagecanbeboughtallovertheworld?A.TwoB.FourC.SixD.Eight69.Thistextismostprobablytakenfroma______.A.textbookB.Doctor’snotebookC.magazineD.bottleofmedicine

Eversincetheywerefirstputonthemarketintheearly1990sgenticallymondifiedGM转基因foodshavebeenincreasinglydevelopedandmarketedinmanycountriesintheworldmainlyonthebasisoftheirpromisetoendtheworldwidefoodcrisis.ButcanGMtechnologysolveworldhungerproblems?Evenifitwouldisitthebestsolution?DespitewhatitpromisesGMtechnologyactuallyhasnotincreasedtheproductionpotential潜力ofanycrop.InfactstudiesshowthatthemostwidelygrownGMcrop.GMsoybeanshassufferedreducedproductivity.ForinstanceareportthananalysednearlytwodecadesofresearchonmojorGMfoodcropsshowsthatGMengineeringhasfailedtosignificantlyincreaseUScropproduction.SomethingelsehoweverhasbeenontherisE.WhileGMseedsareexpensiveGMcompanicstellfarmersthattheywillmakegoodprofitsbysavingmoneyonpesticides杀虫剂.OnthecontraryUSgovernmentdatashowthatGMcropsintheUShaveproducedanoverallincreaseinpesticideusecomparedtotraditionalcrops.Thepromisewasthatyoucoulduselesschemicalsandboostproduction.ButneitheristruesaidBillChristisonPresidentoftheUSNationalFamilyFarmCoalition.AtthesametimetheauthorsofthebookWorldHunger:TwelveMythsarguethatthereactuallyismorethanenoughfoodintheworldandthatthehungercrisisisnotcausedbyproductionbutbyproblemsinfooddistributionandpolitics.Theseindeeddeserveoureffortsandmoney.Meanwhiletheriseinfoodpricesresultsfromtheincreaseduseofcropsforfuelratherthanfoodaccordingtoa2008WorldBankreport.AsamatteroffactscientistsseebetterwaystofeedtheworlD.AnotherWorldBankreportconcludedthatGMcropshavelittletooffertothechallengesofworldwidepovertyandhungerbecausebetterwaysoutareavailableamongwhichgreenfarmingissupposedtobethefirstchoicE.57.Theauthordevelopsthesecondparagraphmainly.A.byclassificationB.bycomparisonC.byexampleD.byprocess58.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordboostinthethirdparagraphprobablymean?A.Control.B.EvaluateC.Obtain.D.IncreasE.59.GMcompaniespromisefarmersthattheywillbenefitfrom______________.A.practicinggreenfarmingB.useoflesschemicalsC.fairdistributionoftheircropsD.usingmorecropsforfuel60.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheattitudeoftheauthortowardsGMtechnology?A.OptimisticB.DefensiveC.DisapprovingD.Casual

LeWhifaninhaler吸入剂thatallowschocolateloverstomeettheirneedswhenevertheypleasewithoutputtingonweightistobereleasedinBritishstores.Theinventioncalledtheworld’sfirstbreathablefoodbyitscreatorsletconsumerssuckinthetasteofchocolateandcoffeewhiletakingonlessthanonecaloriE.ItsmakersclaimitwillenabledieterstoenjoytheirfavoritesnackswithoutworryingabouttheirwaistlinE.Thelip-stick-styletubecontainshundredsofmilligramsoftinyfoodparticleswhicharesmallenoughtobecomeconveyedbyairbuttoolargetoenterthelungs.EachLeWhifcontainsenoughflavorabouteighttotenwhiffs气味andcosts$1.99onitsownor$4.99forapackofthreE.Theinhalerisavailableinchocolateraspberrychocolateandmintchocolatemodelsaswellascoffeeflavorwhichgivesadoseofcaffeineequivalent相等的toasmallshortofstrongblackcoffeE.ItwasinventedbyProf.DavidEdwards.HesaidLeWhifwasnotdesignedtoreplacefoodbutcouldbeusedtoincreasediningexperiencesuchasallowingpeopletosampleavarietyofdishesfromrestaurantmenusbeforeorderingtheirmealsHesaidIntermsoflivingoffwhiffingwearen’tevenclosetobeingtherE.Butthereclearlyhasbeenarevolutionoverthelastfewyearswhereweareeatingsmalleramountsoffoodmorefrequentlyandchoosingfoodoritsaesthetic审美的pleasurE.Wewillbelaunchingnewwhiffingexperiencesprobablyeverysixmonths.Itisreasonabletoassumethatthenextlineofwhiffingproductswillbeevenmorehealth-centereD.TheproductthatwasreleasedinParisin2009andtheinitialproductionof25000inhalersweresoldoutwithinamonth.IthassincebeenmadeavailableacrossFranceandintheUS.InBritainLeWhifistobesoldfirstlyinHouseofFraserforamonthafterwhichitcouldbecomemorewidelydistributeD.1.AccordingtoParagraph1LeWhif______.A.containsfewnutrientsinfactB.isanewkindofhealthyfoodC.ispopularwithBritishchocolateloversD.isabletohelpdietersloseweight2.WhatisthemainpurposeofinventingLeWhif?A.ToproduceallkindsofchocolatE.B.ToreplacethetraditionalchocolatE.C.Toincreasepeople’sdiningexperiencE.D.Tochangethecoffeeflavor.3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsdoesDavidEdwardsagreewith?A.Hisnewproductswillcomeoutonceayear.B.LeWhifisarevolutionthatwillchangepeople’slifecompletely.C.LeWhifcanmakepeopleeatlessfooD.D.ThewhiffingproductsinthefuturewillbeimproveD.4.Fromthepassageweknowthat______.A.LeWhifhasn’tbeenmadeavailableinBritishstoresB.customerscanbuyLeWhifallovertheworldC.LeWhifcanhelptoloseweightbutisharmfultohealthD.LeWhifcontainshundredsoftinyfoodparticleswhicharesmallenoughtoenterthelungs

IfthereisonethingI’msureaboutitisthatinahundredyearsfromnowwewillstillbereadingnewspapers.Itisnotthatnewspapersareanecessity.Evennowsomepeoplegetmostoftheirnewsfromtelevisionorradio.ManybuyapaperonlyonSaturdayorSunday.Butformostpeoplereadinganewspaperhasbecomeahabitpasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration.ThenatureofwhatisnewschangE.Whatbasicallymakesnewsiswhataffectsourlives—thebigpoliticalstoriesthecoverage报道ofthewarsearthquakesandotherdisasters.TheywillcontinuemuchthesamE.Ithinktherewillbemorecoverageofscientificresearches.Theyarealreadyhappeninginareaswhichdirectlyaffectourliveslikegenetic基因engineering.InthefutureIthinktherewillbemorecoverageofscientificexplanationsofwhywefeelaswedo—aswedevelopabetterunderstandingofhowthebrainoperateandwhatourfeelingsreallyarE.It’squitepossiblethatinthenextcenturynewspaperswillbetransmitted传递electronicallyfromFleetStreetandprintedoutinourownhomE.InfactI’mprettysurethathowitwillhappeninthefuturE.YouwillprobablybeabletochoosefromamenumakingupyourownnewspaperbypickingoutthethingsyouwanttoreaD.—sportsandinternationalnewsetC.IthinkpeoplehavegotitwrongwhentheytalkaboutcompetitionbetweenthedifferentmediA.Theyactuallyfeedoffeachother.Somepeopleonceforesawthattelevisionwouldkilloffnewspaperbutthathasn’thappeneD.Whatisreadontheprintedpagelastslongerthanpicturesonascreensorsoundlostintheair.AndasfortheInternetit’sneverreallypleasanttoreadsomethingjustonascreen.46.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheBestWaytoGetNewsB.TheChangesofMediaC.MakeYourOwnNewspaperD.TheFutureofNewspapers47.Inthewriter’sopinioninthefuture______.A.morebigpoliticalaffairswarsanddisasterswillmakenewsB.newspaperwillnotbeprintedinpublishinghousesanylongerC.newspaperswillcovermorescientificresearchD.moreandmorepeoplewillwatchTV48.Fromthepassagewecaninfer______.A.newspaperswillwinthecompetitionamongthedifferentmediaB.newspaperswillstaywithustogetherwithothermediaC.televisionwilltaketheplaceofnewspapersD.thewriterbelievesomemediawilldieout49.Thephrasefeedoffinthelastparagraphmeans______.A.competewithB.dependonC.fightwithD.killoff50.Whichstatementbelowisnottrueaccordingtotheauthor?A.Somepeoplemaynotliketoreadonascreen.B.ActuallynewspaperismorepleasantthanothermediA.C.Somepeoplegetmostoftheirnewsfromtelevisionorradio.D.Somescientificresearcheshavealreadyaffectedourlivesnow.

Intheatmospherecarbondioxideactsratherlikeaone-waymirrorortheglassintheroofofagreenhousewhichallowsthesun’sraystoenterbutpreventstheheatfromescapingAccordingtoaweatherexpert'spredictiontheatmospherewillbe3℃warmerintheyear2050thanitistodayifmancontinuestoburnfuelsatthepresentrate.Ifthiswarminguptookplace.theicecapsinthepoleswouldbegintoinchthusraisingsealevelseveralmetersandseverelyfloodingcoastalcities.Also.theincreaseinatmospherictemperaturewouldleadtogreatchangesintheclimateofthenorthernhemisphere北半球possiblyresultinginanalterationoftheearth’schieffoodgrowingzones.Inthepastconcernaboutaman-madewarmingoftheearthhasconcentratedontheArcticbecausetheAntarcticismuchcolderandhasamuchthickericesheet.ButtheweatherexpertsarenowpayingmoreattentiontoWestAntarctic.whichmaybeaffectedbyonlyafewdegreesofwarminginotherwordsbyawarmingonthescalethatwillpossiblytakeplaceinthenextfiftyyearsfromtheburningoffuels.SatellitepicturesshowthatlargeareasofAntarcticicearealreadydisappearing.Theevidenceavailablesuggeststhatawarminghastakenplace.Thisfitsthetheorythatcarbondioxidewarmstheearth.Howevermostofthefuelisburntinthenorthernhemispherewheretemperaturesseemtobefalling.Scientistsconcludethereforethatuptonownaturalinfluencesontheweatherhavegonebeyondthosecausedbyman.ThequestionisWhichnaturalcausehasmosteffectontheweather?Onepossibilityisthevariablebehaviorofthesun.Astronomersatoneresearchstationhavestudiedthehotspotsand‘cold’spotsthatistherelativelylesshotspotsonthesun.Asthesunrotates使旋转every27.5daysitpresentshotterorcolderfacestotheearthanddifferentaspectstodifferentpartsoftheearth.Thisseemstohaveaconsiderableeffectonthedistributionoftheearthatmosphericpressureandconsequentlyonwindcirculation.Thesunisalsochangeableoveralongtermitsheatoutputgoesupanddownincyclesthelatesttrendbeingdownward.‘ScientistsarenowfindingsharedrelationsbetweenmodelsofsolarweatherinteractionsandtheactualclimateovermanythousandsofyearsincludingthelasticeAge.TheproblemisthatthemodelsarepredictingthattheworldshouldbeenteringanewIceAgeanditisnot.Onewayofsolvingthistheoreticaldifficultyistoassumeadelayofthousandsofyearswhilethesolareffectsovercometheinertia惯性oftheearth‘sclimate.Ifthisisrightthewarmingeffectofcarbondioxidemightthusbeservingasausefulopposedbalancetothesun’sfadingheat.46.Itcanbeconcludedthataconcentrationofcarbondioxideintheatmospherewould.A.meanawarming-upintheArcticB.raisethetemperatureoftheearth’ssurfaceC.preventthesun’sraysfromreachingtheearth’ssurfaceD.explainthecauseofgreatchangesintheclimateinthenorthernhemisphere47.Thearticlewaswrittentoexplain.A.thegreenhouseeffectB.thesolareffectsontheearthC.thecausesaffectingweatherD.themodelsofsolarweatherinteractions48.Althoughthefuelconsumptionisgreaterinthenorthernhemispheretemperaturesthereseemtobefalling.Thisis.A.mainlybecausethelevelsofcarbondioxidearcrisingB.partlyduetochangesintheoutputofsolarenergyC.possiblybecausetheicecapsinthepolesaremeltingD.onlyduetotheeffectoftheinertiaoftheearth’sclimate49.OnthebasisoftheirmodelsscientistsareoftheopinionthatAtheclimateoftheworldshouldbebecomingcoolerBthenewIceAgewillbedelayedbythegreenhouseeffectCtheman-madewarningeffecthelpstoincreasethesolareffectsDitwilltakethousandsofyearsfortheinertiaoftheearth’sclimatetotakeeffect50.IftheassumptionaboutthedelayofanewIceAgeiscorrectAicewouldsooncoverthenorthernhemisphereBthegreenhouseeffectcouldworkinfavoroftheearthCthebestwaytoovercomethecoolingeffectwouldbetoburnmorefuelsDtheincreasedlevelsofcarbondioxideintheatmospherecouldwarmuptheearthevenmorequickly

Mentakemorerisks.Instudiesmenasawholedisplaylesscautiousbehaviourthanwomensuchasdrivingathigherspeedsandclosertoothercarsnotwearingseatbeltsanddrivingwhiledrunkmoreoften.TheyevenmakeriskierturnsandtakelesstimewhenparkingalthoughtheydoamoreaccuratejobsaysTomVanderbiltauthorofTraffic:WhyWeDrivetheWayWeDoandWhatItSaysaboutUs.BUT...howsomeonedrivesdoesn'tnecessarilyequalhowwellhedrives.Mendoseemtobebetteratcertaindrivingtasksthanwomen.Howeverthisslightedge优势inabilitydoesn'ttranslateintobetterdrivingrecords.Thekindsofaccidentsmengetintoaregenerallytheresultoftheirriskierbehaviour.Accordingtoonestudymenaremorethanthreetimesaslikelytobeticketedforaggressivedrivingthanwomenandmorethan25percentaslikelytobeatfaultinanaccident.Perception观念isapowerfulthing.Inspiteoftheresearchitisstilldifficulttodeterminewhethermenaretrulyinnately天生地betterdriversthanwomenorifthey'resimplymoreconfidentintheirdrivingbecausethey'reconsideredtobebetterandthusshowbetterskills.Similarlytheperceptionthatwomenareweakerdriversmaynegativelyaffecttheirperformancebehindthewheel.Womenarecatchingup...whichisn'tnecessarilygoodnews.Menmayberesponsibleformoreaccidentsthanwomenbutthegapisgettingsmaller.Todaymorewomendriveanddrivemorethaneverbeforewhichhastheunfortunateconsequenceofanincreaseinspeedingaggressivedrivingandsoon.1.Thetextismostprobablytakenfrom________.A.abookreviewB.alibraryguideC.adrivingguidebookD.anewspaperreport2.Theauthordevelopsthefirstparagraphmainlyby________.A.makingcomparisonsB.givingexamplesC.analyzingreasonsandresultsD.followingtheorderofimportance3.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Womenshouldberesponsibleformostaccidents.B.Mencauseaccidentsmainlybecausetheyarecareless.C.TomVanderbiltbelievesthatwomencanparkmoreaccuratelythanmen.D.Theauthordoubtswhethermenareborntobebetterdriversthanwomen.

Aresomepeopleborncleverandothersbornstupid?Orisintelligencedevelopedbyourenvironmentandourexperience?Strangelyenoughtheanswertothesequestionsisyes.TosomeextentourintelligenceisgiventousatbirthandnoamountofeducationcanmakeageniusoutofachildbornwithlowintelligencE.Ontheotherhandachildwholivesinaboringenvironmentwilldevelophisintelligencelessthanonewholivesinrichandvariedsurroundings.Thusthelimitsofperson’sintelligencearefixedatbirthwhetherornothereachesthoselimitswilldependonhisenvironment.Thisviewnowheldbymostexpertscanbesupportedinanumberofways.Itiseasytoshowthatintelligenceistosomeextentsomethingwearebornwith.ThecloserthebloodrelationshipbetweentwopeopletheclosertheyarelikelytobeintelligencE.Thusifwetaketwounrelatedpeopleatrandomfrompopulationitislikelythattheirdegreeofintelligencewillbecompletelydifferent.Ifontheotherhandwetaketwoidenticaltwinstheywillveryprobablybeasintelligentaseachother.Relationslikebrothersandsistersparentsandchildrenusuallyhavesimilarintelligenceandthisclearlysuggeststhatintelligencedependsonbirth.Imaginenowthatwetaketwoidenticaltwinsandputthemindifferentenvironments.Wemightsendoneforexampletoauniversityandtheothertoafactorywheretheworkisboring.Wewouldsoonfinddifferencesinintelligencedevelopingandthisindicatesthatenvironmentaswellasbirthplaysapart.ThisconclusionisalsosuggestedbythefactthatpeoplewholiveinclosecontactwitheachotherbutwhoarenotrelatedatallarelikelytohavesimilardegreeofintelligencE.33.Thewriterisinfavoroftheviewthatman’sintelligenceisgiventohim____________.A.atbirthB.througheducationC.neitheratbirthnorthrougheducationD.bothatbirthandthrougheducation34.Ifachildisbornwithlowintelligencehecan_____________________.A.becomeageniusB.stillbecomeageniusifheshouldbegivenspecialeducationC.reachhisintelligencelimitsinrichsurroundingsD.notreachhisintelligenceinhislifE.35.Theexampleofthetwinsgoingtoauniversityandtoafactoryseparatelyshows_________.A.theimportanceoftheirintelligenceB.theimportanceoftheirpositionsC.theroleofenvironmentonintelligenceD.thepartthatbirthplays

Fromnowonneverspendyourprecioustimethinkingofreasonsforyourfailuresandshortcomings.Insteadrealizethattheseedsofsuccesswereplantedwithinyouwhenyouwereborn.Onlyyouhavethepowertomakethoseseedsgrow.TheseedsandthepowertogrowthemarecontainedinthemostawesomemachineevercreatedthehumanminD.SuccessisachoiceandnotachancE.Youwerebornawinner.Youwerebornrich.YoucanbeasuccessifonlyyoumaketherightchoicE.Youcannotbesuccessfulwithoutfirstdevelopingyourself-esteem.Yourlevelofself-esteemisalwaysbasedonthedegreeofcontrolthatyouareabletoexerciseoveryourselfandthusoveryourlifE.Peoplewithlowself-esteemarepeoplewhodonotbelievethattheyhaveanypowerorresponsibilityfortheirlives.Theyaretheperennial长期的victimsandmartyrs殉道者.Theyareleavestossed摇摆bythewindsofchanceblownaboutwithanysuddenchangeintheweather.YoucanexercisecontroloveryourlifeonlytothedegreethatyoubelievethatyouareresponsibleforeverythingthathappensinyourlifE.FailuresthinkthateverythinghappensbyaccidentandchancE.SuccessfulpeoplerealizethattheyareresponsiblE.Everythinghappensasaresultofsomething.Ifwecanidentifythecausewecancontroltheeffect.WeareresponsibleforwhatwechoosetothinkandbelievE.Onegenerallyrisestothelevelthatoneexpects.Weareresponsibleforsettingourexpectations.OursuccessisdependentuponourlevelofconfidencE.Ifyouassociatewithpositive-thinkingpeopleyouaredefinitelygoingtoachievesuccess.Onthecontrarytheoppositehappens.Weareresponsibleforfindingplantingandnurturingtheseedsthatcontainfuturevictorybornfromsetbacks.InshortinallareasofyourlifewhethertheybefinancialphysicalemotionalorspiritualyouareresponsiblE.Onceyourecognizethisacceptitandfirmlybelieveityouareontheroadtosuccess.66.Peoplewithlowself-esteemarecomparedtoleavesbecausethey______.A.can’texercisecontroloverthemselvesB.arereadytochangetheirmindsC.don’thavethepowertofacetheirfateD.areeasilyaffectedbywindyweather67.Loserswouldthinkthat______.A.successistheresultofhardworkB.theirfailureisonlybecauseofbadluckC.workinghardwillleadtosuccessD.theydon’tmakeeffortstosucceed68.Itcanbeinferredfromparagraph5that______.A.settingourexpectationsisessentialbeforetakingactionB.developingconfidenceisthekeytofuturesuccessC.thoughtsandbeliefsaretheresultofcreativemindD.whetherwewillsucceeddependsonourattitudes69.Thelastparagraphservesas______.A.theproofoftheauthor’spointsB.anintroductiontoanothertopicC.theconclusionoftheargumentD.acomparisonbetweentwoviews70.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A.DevelopourconfidencE.B.Thesecretsofsuccess.C.Howtoachievesuccess.D.SuccessisachoicE.

Scientistshavefoundthatshoppingdailycanhelponelivelonger.Theresearchwasdoneon1850elderlypeoplewhowerelivingaloneathomE.Theywereaskedhowoftentheywentshoppingwithchoicesfromnevertoeveryday.Nearlyhalfofthemneverorseldomshoppedduringtheweekandaroundoneinfourshoppedbetweentwoandfourtimesaweek.A.further17%shoppedeverydayandtherestshoppedjustonceaweek.Almosttwothirdsofthemwereundertheageof75.Justoverhalfweremen.Thosewhowentshoppingmorethanonceaweekweremenandbetweentheagesof65and70.Theywerealsosmokersanddrinkerswhohadbetterhealthtookexerciseverydayandhadalotoffriends.Thosewhoshoppeddailylivedlongerthanthosewhoshoppedlessoften.Thosewhoshoppeddailywere27%lesslikelytodiewithmendailyshoppers28%lesslikelytodieandwomenshoppers23%lesslikelytodiE.TheresearcherssaidthatshoppingcouldbeagoodmethodforgoodhealthtobeginwithbutsuggestedthatshoppingitselfmayimprovehealthbyhavingagoodsupplyoffoodtokeephealthymealsforexamplE.Shoppingamongtheelderlymaynotalwaysbeaboutbuyingthingsbutaboutlookingforfriendsortakingexercisewhichiseasiertodothanmoreformalexercisethatusuallyrequiresinterestandenergy.Thefindingsdispeltheideathatgoodhealthonlydependsonphysicalactivity;takingpartinsocialactivitiesinlaterlifemayalsobegoodforbetterhealth.DavidOliveraprofessoratCityUniversityLondonsaidThefindingsmadesensE.Whattheresearchershaveshownisthatcontinuingtoshopisgoodforhappinessandgoodhealth.6.Thestudywasmadeby________.A.comparinglikesanddislikesoftheelderlyB.examiningtheshoppinghabitsofoldpeopleC.lookingathowoftenelderlypeoplewentoutD.collectinginformationaboutshoppers7.Comparedwithwomendailyshoppersmenshoppers________.A.seldomgoshoppingwithouttheirfriendsB.usuallygointotheshopwithoutbuyingthingsC.aremorelikelytolivelongerD.areeasiertobecomehappy8.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Theelderlywhogiveupsmokingwillenjoybuyingthings.B.OldpeopleshouldgooutshoppinginsteadoftakingexercisE.C.Shoppingwillmaketheelderlylovetothink.D.Shoppingcanhelpoldpeopleavoidloneliness.9.TheunderlinedworddispelinParagraph6canbereplacedby________.A.putoffB.coverupC.pickupD.throwaway10.Wheredoesthetextmostprobablyappear?A.Inaresearchreport.B.InafashionmagazinE.C.Inastorybook.D.InashoppingguidE.

Scientistshavecreatedahuman­likerobotthatcandanceanddothehousework.Mahruhasbeendevelopedtoimitatehumansandcanmoveitslipseyebrowsandpupils瞳孔.Themachinecanalsomoveitsupperandlowerbodyfreelyandautomaticallystopitselfwhenwalking.Inadditionithasbeenprogrammedtogiveouttwokindsofpleasantsmellstomarchitsemotions.The1.5mtallrobotwasproducedbyresearchersattheForeaInstituteofScienceandTechnologyKISTandisthefirstSouthKorean­developedmachineofitskinD.MahruwillopenthewayforthecommercialuseofhumanoidrobotsdoinghouseworkYouBum­JaeleaderofthedevelopmentresearchteamsaidMahrucandancewhilewalkingonitslegsandisabletoworkinplaceofahuman.ThroughanadvancedmotioncapturesystemMahrucanfollowavarietyofhumanmovementsandmoveitshandsfreelyenoughtodealwithanyobstaclesthatmaygetinitswaywhenwalking.State­fundedKISTshowedtherobotduringapresentationatitsheadofficeinSeoul.Peoplehereweretreatedtoanentertainingdemonstrationwhichsawtherobotshowoffthefullrangeofitsskillsmostnotablyaseriesofdancemoves.TheresearchteamaddedthattheyhaddesignedanotherMahruthistimewithsensors传感器allowingittodistinguishbetweenfacesandobjects.TheshowingofMahrucameaweekafterresearchersinJapansaidtheyhadcreatedthemosthuman­likerobotintheworlD.A.teamatroboticsdepartmentofOsakaUniversityinJapanclaimedthatrobogirlReplieeR­1looksmovesandinteractslikeahumanandhassilicone硅胶skinthatfeelsalmosthumantothetouch.64.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinthelastparagraphmean?A.Tofightwithothers.B.Toactoneachother.C.Tohaveawordwithothers.D.Tomakerobotsbyitself.65.MahrumadebyKISTcandothefollowingthingsEXCEPT________.A.expresscertainfeelingsbysmellsitgaveoutB.moveitsbodyfreelyC.stopautomaticallywhenwalkingD.dancewithotherhuman­likerobots66.AccordingtowhatYouBum­JaesaidinParagraph4hisresearchteamwantsto________.A.helprobotswithdoinghouseworkB.showitsscientificpowerC.makeMahruoftermorefunD.explorethecommercialuseofMahru67.AccordingtothelastparagraphReplieeR­1________.A.isanotherMahruB.wasmadebyKISTC.hasskinfeelingsimilartohumansD.lookslikeaboy

SeaLifeMelbourneAquarium水族馆Theall-newSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumsituatedintheheartofMelbourne’sCBDisoneofVictoria’sleadingvisitorattractionsandanunforgettableoutingforthewholefamily.Having12amazingzonesofdiscoverySeaLifeMelbourneAquariumistheveryplacethatyoucannotmisswhenyouvisitthecity.*OpeningTimesSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumisopenfrom9:30amuntil6:00pmeverydayoftheyearincludingpublicholidays.Lastadmissionisat5:00pmonehourbeforeclosing.*Location位置SeaLifeMelbourneAquariumislocatedonthecornerofFlindersStreetandKingStreetMelbournE.ItissituatedontheYarraRiveroppositeCrownEntertainmentComplex.*GettingtoSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumTrainTheSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumtrainstopislocatedonthefreeCityCircleTramroute公交线路andalsoroutes70and75.CityCircletramsrunevery10minutesinbothdirections.ShuttleBusTheSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumisafreebusservicestoppingatkeytouristattractionsinandaroundtheCity.Runningdailyevery15minutesfrom10:00amto4:00pm.CarParkingWhilethereisnopubliccarparkingatSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumthereareseveralpubliccarparkinglotsavailableonlyashortwalkaway.*WheelchairAccessSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumprovidespeopleinwheelchairswithfullaccesstoall12zones.Eachflooralsohaswheelchairaccessibletoilets.*TermsTicketswillbeemailedtoyouimmediatelyafterpurchaseoryoucandownloadandprintyourticketoncepaymenthasbeenaccepteD.PleaseprintoutallticketspurchasedandpresentatthefrontentranceofSeaLifeMelbourneAquarium.Noticketnoentry!21.SeaLifeMelbourneAquarium_________.A.has12mostattractiveplacesinMelbourneB.admitsvisitorsfrom9:30amuntil6:00pmC.islocatedatthecenteroftheCBDinthecityD.isbesideCrownEntertainmentComplex22.GettingtoSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumvisitorscantake________.A.eithertramroute70or75B.trainsfromsouthernCrosstrainstationC.shuttlebusesaroundthetrainstationD.boatsacrosstheyarraRiver23.SeaLifeMelbourneAquariumoffersvisitors________.A.freecarparkingB.InternetconnectionC.transportationserviceD.wheelchairaccess24.TicketstoSeaLifeMelbourneAquarium________.A.arecheckedattheentranceB.arefreetoallvisitorsC.canbepurchasedbyemailD.canbeprintedattheticketoffice

AstherailroadsandthehighwaysshapedtheAmericanWestinthepastcenturiesanewelectricalgenerating发电andtransmission输送systemforthe21stcenturywillleavealastingmarkontheWestforbetterorworsE.Muchoftherealsignificanceofrailroadsandhighwaysisnotintheirdirectphysicaleffectonthescenerybutinthewaysthattheyaffectthesurroundingcommunity.ThesameistrueofbigsolarpantsandthepowerlinesthatwillbelaiddowntomoveelectricityarounD.The19thcenturysawlandgrants政府拨地offeredtorailroadcompaniestobuildthetranscontinentalrailroadsleavingpubliclandinbetweenprivatelyownedland.Inmuchofthewestsomeoftherailroadsectionsweredevelopedwhileothersremainedundevelopedandinbothcasesthelandownershiphaspresenteduniquechallengestolandmanagementwiththecompletionortheinterstatehighwaysystemmanyofthesmalltownswhichsprangupasrailwaystopsanddevelopedwellhavelosttheirlifebloodanddied.Bigsolarplantsandtheirpowerlineswillalsohaveeffectsfarbeyondtheirdirectfootprintinthewest.thisisnotanargumentagainstbuildingthenweneedalternativeenergybadly.andtoreallytakeadvantageofitweneedtobeabletomoveelectricityaroundfarmorereadilythanwecannow.Sotrade-offswillhavetobemade.somescenicsportwillbesacrificed.somespecies物种willbeforcedtomoveorwillbecarefullymovedtospecialaccommodationsdealswillbestrucktoreducetheimmediateeffects.Thelastingeffectsofthesetrade-offsareanothermatter.the21stcenturydevelopmentoftheAmericanwestasanidealplaceforalternativeenergyisgoingtothrowoffalotofpowerandmoneytodoalotofgood.butitisjustaslikelythattheywillbespentwastefullyandwillleavenewproblemsbehindjustliketherailroadandthehighway.Themoneysetasideinnegotiatedtrade–offsandtheinstitutionthatcontrolwillshapethewestfarbeyondtheimmediatefootprintofpowerplantsandtransmissionlines.solet’sremembertheeffectsoftherailroadandthehighwaysasweconstructthesenewpowerplantsinthewest.1.Whatwastheproblemcausedbytheconstructionoftherailways?A.smalltownsalongtherailwaysbecameabandoneD.B.somerailroadstopsremaineD.C.landinthewestwashardtomanagE.D.landgrantswentintoprivatehands.2.Whatisthemajorconcerninthedevelopmentofalternativeenergyaccordingtothelasttwoparagraphs?A.thetransmissionofpowerB.theuseofmoneyandpowerC.theconservationofsolarenergyD.theselectionofanidealplace3.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsbuildingsolarplants?A.cautiousB.approvingC.doubtfulD.disapproving4.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.howtherailwayshaveaffectedthewestB.howsolarenergycouldreshapethewestC.howtheeffectsofpowerplantscanbereduced

BeesaddanestimatedeighteenbilliondollarsayeartothevalueofAmericancrops.Theypollinate授粉flowersthatbecomefruitsnutsandvegetables.ButinrecentyearshoneybeecoloniesintheUnitedStatesandEuropehavebeenshrinking.Scientistshaveproposeddifferenttheoriestoexplainwhatisknownascolonycollapsedisorder.Newresearchsuggeststhatacommonlyusedgroupofinsecticide杀虫剂couldcausebeestohaveahardtimefindingtheirwaybacktotheirhivE.Thenewresearchlooksattheuseofpesticidescalledneonicotinoids.Theywerefirstusedinthe1990s.TheyarenowputontheseedsofmanymajorcropsaroundtheworlD.Theseedlingsabsorbthechemicalastheygrow.ThatmeansfarmersdonotneedtosprayawholefielD.Insteadthereisalittlebitofinsecticideinsideeachplant—includingthepollen花粉andthenectar花蜜thatthebeeswant.Thereisnotenoughpesticidetokillthem.ButthenewresearchinthejournalSciencesaysitmayharmthemanyway.Researchersstuckmicrochipstothebacksofthebees.Thesechipsrecordedthebees'movementsastheycameandwentfromtheirhivE.ThescientistsfedsomebeessugarwaterwithalowdoseofaneonicotinoiD.Thestudyfoundthatthesebeeswereabouttwiceaslikelynottoreturnasotherbees.DaveGoulsonattheUniversityofSterlinginBritainworkedonanotherstudypublishedinSciencE.Hesaysthepesticidescouldhelpexplainwhybumblebeepopulationsarealsodecreasing.BayerCropSciencemakesneonicotinoidpesticides.Thecompany'sspokesmanJackBoynedisputedthefindings.Healsonotesthatresearchersarestudyingotherfactorsthatcouldaffectthebees'population.Theseincludeparasitesdiseasesandstresscausedbytransportingbeehivestofarms.SomeEuropeancountrieshavebannedthepesticides.AndtherearegrowingcallstobanthemintheUnitedStatesaswell.67.TheunderlinedwordshrinkinginParagraph1mostprobablymeans____.A.increasingB.decreasingC.disappearingD.continuing68.Whyweremicrochipstiedtothebacksofthebees?A.TorecordhowmuchhoneythebeesproducE.B.Totesthowthebeesreacttothemicrochips.C.Tofindiftheinsecticideaffectsthebees'population.D.Tokeeptrackofthebees'movements.69.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat____.A.thepesticideshavebeenforbiddentouseinallEuropeancountriesB.BayerCropScienceagreesthatthepesticidesaffectthebees’populationC.transportingbeehivestofarmscansurelyhaveaneffectonbeesD.theuseofpesticidesislikelytobebannedinmorecountries70.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Relationshipbetweenpesticidesandbees.B.Honeybeecolonycollapsedisorder.C.Newfindingsaboutthereductionofbees.D.Pesticidesthatkillbeesmustbebanned.

Weeachhaveauniquegenetic基因的遗传的make-up.Everycellofyourbodyhasthesamesetofabout100000separategenesmadeofDNA.Thesearetheinstructionsforproducingaperson.Genesdecideeverythingfromthecolourofyourskintothewayyourbrainworks.YouhaveoneofseveralbillioncombinationsofDNAwhichcomefromtherandom随机的任意的mixingofyourparents’genes.Exceptforidenticaltwins同卵双胞胎noonehasthesamecombinationasanotherperson.Youareunique!Youareuniqueinanotherwaytoo:inthewayyouareraisedandalltheexperiencesyouhavefrombeforebirthtoadultlifE.TheseexperiencesinfluenceyouyourbehaviourandattitudesandthechoicesyoumakE.Butaregenesorlifeexperiencesmoreimportantinshapingyourappearanceandpersonality?Scientistsarestudyingtwinstofindout.Onesetoftwinsoccursevery70births---someareidenticalandothersarenon-identicaltwins.Identicaltwinsarespecialbecausetheyshareexactlythesamegenesandoftenthesameenvironment.Non-identicaltwinsaremorelikeordinarybrothersandsisters.Someidenticaltwinshavebeenadoptedandbroughtupindifferenthomes.Withidenticalgenesbutadifferenthomeenvironmentscientistscanstudytwinstoseehowmuchaparticularfeaturedependsonthegenesweinherit.Forexampleweknowthateyeproblemslikeshort-sightednessaremostlygenetiC.Butresistancetopainislargelydependentonexperiences.Genesalsoinfluenceoureatinghabits.Identicaltwinsbroughtupapartoftenliketoeatatthesametimeofdayandfeelfullaftereatingthesameamount.Non-identicaltwinsinsimilarcircumstanceshavemorevariedeatinghabits.Identicaltwinsarealsomorelikelytofollowthesamepatternsformarriageanddivorcethannon-identicaltwins.Scientistsaretryingtoidentifythedifferentgenesthatinfluenceourbehaviour.Somepeoplearethrill-seekersandgetintorisk-takingandadventurousactivities.Theytakeupextremesportslikebungeejumpingandpossiblytakedrugs.Scientistshavediscoveredagenewhichaffectsthis.WecouldaskAreourlivesdeterminedbyourgenesorourupbringing?ScientistsarelearningmoreallthetimebutitiscertainlytruethatbothareimportantinmakinguswhowearE.76.Whatisthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?A.WecannoteasilychangeourphysicalappearancE.B.Howweturnoutdependsonourparents’genes.C.EveryonehasaphysicaldoublesomewhereintheworlD.D.BothourgenesandourexperiencesmakeuswhowearE.77.Whyarescientistsstudyingtwins?A.Tofindouthowmanytwinsareborneveryyear.B.Todiscoverwhatshapesusasindividuals.C.Tocomparedifferencesbetweentwins.D.Tostudybrother-and-sisterrelationships.78.Accordingtothepassage__________.A.onein70twinsaregeneticallyidenticalB.non-identicaltwinsareusuallynotofthesamesexC.twinsseparatedatbirthbehaveexactlythesameD.identicaltwinsaregeneticallythesame79.Whichofthefollowingismostaffectedbyexperienceaccordingthepassage?A.Eatinghabits.B.Eye-sight.C.PainresistancE.D.Marriagepatterns.80.WhatdoestheunderlinedthisinParagraph4referto?A.Ourloveofsport.B.Ourattitudetorisk-taking.C.Ourskillatbungeejumping.D.Ourabilitytotakedrugs.

InaworldwithlimitedlandwaterandothernaturalresourcestheharmfromthetraditionalbusinessmodelisontherisE.Actuallythepastdecadehasseenmoreandmoreforestsdisappearingandtheglobebecomingincreasinglywarm.Peoplenowrealizethatthisunhealthysituationmustbechangedandthatwemustbeabletodevelopinsustainableways.Thatmeansgrowthwithlowcarbonordevelopmentofsustainableproducts.Inotherwordsweshouldkeepthehealthywhileusingitssupplyofnaturalresources.Todaysustainabledevelopmentisapopulartrendinmanycountries.Accordingtoarecentstudytheglobalmarketforlow-carbonenergywillbecomethreetimesbiggeroverthenextdecadE.Chinaforexamplehassetitsmindonleadingthatmarkethopingtoseizechancesinthenewroundoftheglobalenergyresolution.Itisnowtryinghardtomadefulluseofwindandsolarenergyandisspendingahugeamountofmoneymakingelectriccarsandhigh-speedtrains.Inadditionwearealsoseeinggreatgrowthintheglobalmarketsforsustainableproductssuchaspalmoil棕榈油whichisproducedwithoutcuttingdownvaluablerainforest.Inrecentyearsthemarketsforsustainableproductshavegrownmorethan50%.Governmentscanfullydevelopthepotentialofthesenewmarkets.Firsttheycansethightargetsforreducingcarbonemissions排放andtargetsforsavingandreusingenergy.Besidesstrongerarrangementofpublicresourceslikeforestscanalsohelptospeedupthedevelopment.FinallygovernmentscanavoidthehugepublicexpensesthataretakingusinthewrongdirectionandredirectingsomeofthoseexpensescanacceleratethechangefromthetraditionalmodeltoasustainableonE.Themajorchallengeofthiscenturyistofindwaystomeettheneedsofagrowingpopulationwithinthelimitsofthissingleplanet.Thatisnosmalltaskbutitoffersabundantnewchancesforsustainableproductindustries.16.ThetraditionalbusinessmodelisharmfulbecauseofallthefollowingEXCEPTthat____.A.itmakestheworldwarmerB.itconsumesnaturalresourcesC.itbringsseveredamagetofutureD.itmakesgrowthhardtocontinue17.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2?A.Chinalackswindandsolarenergy.B.Chinaistheleaderofthelow-carbonmarket.C.High-speedtrainsarealow-carbondevelopment.D.Palmoilismadeatthecostofvaluableforests.18.Tofullydevelopthelow-carbonmarketsgovernmentscan______.A.cutpublicexpensesB.forbidcarbonemissionsC.developpublicresourcesD.encourageenergyconservation19.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthatbusinesseshavemanychancesto_______.A.developsustainableproductsB.explorenewnaturalresourcesC.makefulluseofnaturalresourcesD.dealwiththemajorchallenge20.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.TointroduceanewbusinessmodelB.TocomparetwobusinessmodelsC.TopredictachangeoftheglobalmarketsD.Toadvocatesustainabledevelopment

Blindimitation模仿isself-destruction.Tothosewhodonotrecognizetheiruniqueworth.Imitationappearsattractive:tothosewhoknowtheirstrength.ImitationisunacceptablE.Intheearlystagesofskillorcharacterdevelopmentimitationishelpful.WhenIfirstlearnedtocookIusedrecipes菜谱andturnedoutsometastydishes.ButsoonIgrewboreD.Whyfollowsomeoneelse’swayofcookingwhenIcouldcreatemyown?Imitatingrolemodelsislikeusingtrainingwheelsonachild’sbicycle;theyhelpyougetgoingbutonceyoufindyourownbalanceyouflyfasterandfartherwithoutrelyingonthem.Indailylifeimitationcanhurtusifwesubconsciously下意识地holdpoorrolemodels.IfasachildyouobservedpeoplewhoseliveswerebadyoumayhaveacceptedtheirfearandpainasnormalandgoneontofollowwhattheydiD.Ifyoudonotmakestrongchoicesforyourselfyouwillgettheresultsoftheweakchoicesofothers.Inthefieldofentertainmentourcultureglorifiescelebrities.Thosestarslookgreatonscreen.Butwhentheystepoffscreentheirpersonallivesmaybedisastrous.Ifyouaregoingtofollowsomeonefocusontheirtalentnottheirbadcharacterorunacceptablebehaviors.BlessedisthepersonwillingtoactontheirsuddendesiretocreatesomethinguniquE.Thinkofthemoviesbooksteachersandfriendsthathaveaffectedyoumostdeeply.Theytouchedyoubecausetheircreationsweremotivatedbyinspirationnotdesperation.Theworldischangednotbythosewhodowhathasbeendonebeforethembutbythosewhodowhathasbeendoneinsidethem.Creativepeoplehaveanendlessresourceofideas.Theproblemacreatorfacesisnotrunningoutofmaterial;itiswhattodowiththematerialknockingatthedoorofimagination.Syudyyourrolemodelsacceptthegiftstheyhavegivenandleavebehindwhatdoesnotserver.ThenyoucansayIstandontheshouldersofmyancestorstragediesandtoryandknowthattheyarecheeringon.1.Imitationprovesusefulwhenyou.A.knowyouareuniqueB.losethebalanceoflifeC.begintolearnsomethingnewD.gettiredofroutinepractice2.Toavoidthebadresultofimitationweshould________.A.forgetdailyfearandpainB.choosetherightexampleC.askothersfordecisionsD.stayawayfromstars3.Acordingtotheauthor.Theworldmovesonbecauseofthosewhoare.A.desperatetointruenceotherswiththeirknowledgeB.readytoturntheiroriginalideasintorealityC.eagertodiscoverwhattheirancestorsdidD.willingtoacceptothers’ideas4.Thetroubleacreatorfacesis.A.thelackofstrongmotivationB.theabsenceofpracticalideasC.howtosearchformorematerialsD.howtouseimaginationcreatively5.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Tohighlighttheimportanceofcreatively.B.Tocriticizethecharactersofrolemodels.C.Tocompareimitationwithcreation.D.Toexplainthemeaningofsuccess.

SCSGlobalServicesSCShasevaluatedanewmethodologyformeasuringthecarbonsequestration封存abilityofsoilundertheVerified验证CarbonStandardVCSaleadinggreenhousegasGHGaccountingsystem.ThemethodologydevelopedbyTheEarthPartnerswillallowlandmanagerswhosequesterGHGsingrasslandsandfarmlandstoproducecarboncreditsforsaleinthevoluntarymarket.Managersofgrasslandsandfarmlandscanincreasecarbonsequestrationinsoilbypracticessuchaschanginggrazing放牧practicesandoperatingtreatmentsdesignedtoimprovethevarietyandproductivityofplantgroups.TheEarthPartnersispresentlypilotingthismethodologywithfarmersacrosssevenmillionacresofthePalouseRiverandColumbiaPlateauregionsinthePacificNorthwest.TheVCSprogramhasachievedanimportantmilestoneinnowcombininggrasslandandrangelandcarbonoffset抵消补偿projectssaidDr.RobertJ.HrubesExecutiveVicePresidentofSCS.SCSlooksforwardtoapprovingandverifyingagriculturalcarbonoffsetprojectsthatusethisverypowerfulnewmethodology.TheVM0021SoilCarbonQuantificationMethodologyisbasedondecadesofsoilcarbonresearchandtestingconductedbytopsoilscientists.ThemethodologywasdevelopedbyTheEarthPartnersandverifiedbyEnvironmentalServicesInC.aswellasSCSGlobalServices.ItisthefirstsoilcarbonmethodologytobeapprovedforuseundertheVCS.ThiswidelytestedmethodologyisthefirsttospeciallydealwithsoilsinamarketsaidStevenI.ApfelbaumChairmanofAppliedEcologicalServicesInC.andDirectorofSciencewithTheEarthPartners.AccordingtoApfelbaumsoilsrepresentthesecondlargestlivingsinkofcarbonontheplanet.68.Thenewmethodologyisassessedaccordingto.A.TheEarthPartnersB.theVerifiedCarbonStandardC.EnvironmentalServicesInC.D.AppliedEcologicalServicesInC.69.Carbonsequestrationinsoilcanbestrengthenedby.A.sellingcarboncreditsinthevoluntarymarketB.changinggrazingpracticesandoperatingtreatmentsC.reducingthevarietyandproductivityofplantgroupsD.decreasingfarmlandsinthePacificNorthwest70.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.TheVCSprogramprovestobesuccessfulincarbonoffsetprojects.B.ManysoilCarbonMethodologieshavealreadybeenapprovedforusE.C.Thenewmethodologyhasbeentestedinmanyfieldsincludingsoil.D.Soilsseemtobethelargestlivingsinkofcarbonontheplanet.71.WhatistheattitudeofSCStowardsthenewmethodology?A.OpposeD.B.Cautious.C.Doubtful.D.Approving.

Scientistshavefoundthatshoppingdailycanhelponelivelonger.Theresearchwasdoneon1850elderlypeoplewhowerelivingaloneathomE.Theywereaskedhowoftentheywentshoppingwithchoicesfromnevertoeveryday.Nearlyhalfofthemneverorseldomshoppedduringtheweekandaroundoneinfourshoppedbetweentwoandfourtimesaweek.A.further17%shoppedeverydayandtherestshoppedjustonceaweek.Almosttwothirdsofthemwereundertheageof75.Justoverhalfweremen.Thosewhowentshoppingmorethanonceaweekweremenandbetweentheagesof65and70.Theywerealsosmokersanddrinkerswhohadbetterhealthtookexerciseverydayandhadalotoffriends.Thosewhoshoppeddailylivedlongerthanthosewhoshoppedlessoften.Thosewhoshoppeddailywere27%lesslikelytodiewithmendailyshoppers28%lesslikelytodieandwomenshoppers23%lesslikelytodiE.TheresearcherssaidthatshoppingcouldbeagoodmethodforgoodhealthtobeginwithbutsuggestedthatshoppingitselfmayimprovehealthbyhavingagoodsupplyoffoodtokeephealthymealsforexamplE.Shoppingamongtheelderlymaynotalwaysbeaboutbuyingthingsbutaboutlookingforfriendsortakingexercisewhichiseasiertodothanmoreformalexercisethatusuallyrequiresinterestandenergy.Thefindingsdispeltheideathatgoodhealthonlydependsonphysicalactivity;takingpartinsocialactivitiesinlaterlifemayalsobegoodforbetterhealth.DavidOliveraprofessoratCityUniversityLondonsaidThefindingsmadesensE.Whattheresearchershaveshownisthatcontinuingtoshopisgoodforhappinessandgoodhealth.6.Thestudywasmadeby________.A.comparinglikesanddislikesoftheelderlyB.examiningtheshoppinghabitsofoldpeopleC.lookingathowoftenelderlypeoplewentoutD.collectinginformationaboutshoppers7.Comparedwithwomendailyshoppersmenshoppers________.A.seldomgoshoppingwithouttheirfriendsB.usuallygointotheshopwithoutbuyingthingsC.aremorelikelytolivelongerD.areeasiertobecomehappy8.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Theelderlywhogiveupsmokingwillenjoybuyingthings.B.OldpeopleshouldgooutshoppinginsteadoftakingexercisE.C.Shoppingwillmaketheelderlylovetothink.D.Shoppingcanhelpoldpeopleavoidloneliness.9.TheunderlinedworddispelinParagraph6canbereplacedby________.A.putoffB.coverupC.pickupD.throwaway10.Wheredoesthetextmostprobablyappear?A.Inaresearchreport.B.InafashionmagazinE.C.Inastorybook.D.InashoppingguidE.

Witharound100studentsscheduledtobeinthat9amMondaymorninglectureitisnosurprisethatalmost20peopleactuallymakeittotheclassandonly10ofthemarestillawakeafterthefirst15minutes;itisnotevenasurprisethatmostofthemarestillintheirpyjamas睡衣.ObviouslystudentsareterribleatadjustingtheirsleepcyclestotheirdailyschedulE.Allhumanbeingspossessabodyclock.Alongwithotheralerting警报systemsthisgovernsthesleep/wakecycleandisthereforeoneofthemainprocesseswhichgovernsleepbehaviour.Typicallythepreferredsleep/wakecycleisdelayedinadolescentswhichleadstomanystudentsnotfeelingsleepyuntilmuchlaterintheevenings.Thistypicalsleeppatternisusuallyreferredtoasthenightowlscheduleofsleep.Thisisopposedtotheearlybirdscheduleandisakindofdisorderwheretheindividualtendstostayupmuchpastmidnight.Suchapersonhasgreatdifficultyinwakingupinthemornings.Researchsuggeststhatnightowlsfeelmostalertandfunctionbestintheeveningsandatnight.Researchfindingshaveshownthatabout20percentofpeoplecanbeclassifiedasnightowlsandonly10percentcanbeclassifiedasearlybirds-theother70percentareinthemiddlE.Althoughthisisclearlynottrueforallstudentsfortheoneswhoaretruenightowlsthisgivesthemanexcellentexcuseformissingtheirlectureswhichunfortunatelyfallbeforemidday.43.WhatdoestheauthorstressinParagraph1?A.Manystudentsareabsentfromclass.B.StudentsareverytiredonMondaymornings.C.Studentsdonotadjusttheirsleeppatternswell.D.StudentsarenotwellpreparedforclassonMondays.44.WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoParagraph2?A.Moststudentsprefertogetuplateinthemorning.B.Studentsdon’tsleepwellbecauseofalertingsystems.C.One’sbodyclockgovernsthesleep/wakecycleindependently.D.Adolescents’delayedsleep/wakecycleisn’tthepreferredpattern.45.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedwordclassified?A.CriticiseD.B.GroupeD.C.OrganiseD.D.NameD.46.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Functionsofthebodyclock.B.Thenightowlphenomenon.C.Humanbeings’sleepbehaviour.D.Theschoolscheduleofearlybirds.

WhatdoyougetwhenyoumixsixlittlepigsfourmonkeysandthedeadlyEbolavirus?BadnewsaccordingtoarecentexperimentbyCanadianresearchers.TheexperimentisthefirsttosuggestthattheEbolaviruscanspreadthroughtheair.ThestudypublishedinNovemberdetailedhowthevirusapparentlymovedfrompigstomonkeyswithouttheircomingintophysicalcontact.Previouslyresearchersthoughtanimalshadtotouchtopassalongtheviruswhichhasbeenblamedforthedeathsofmorethan1500peoplE.IntheexperimentresearchersinfectedsixpigletswithEbolA.Theteamthenplacedtheinfectedpigletsinaroomwithseveralmonkeys.Abarrierseparatedthemonkeysfromthepigssothetwospeciescouldnottouch.Andyetafteraboutaweektwomonkeysbecamesickinfectedwiththevirus.AfewdayslatertheothertwomonkeysalsofellsickwithEbolA.TheEbolavirusisnamedforariverintheDemocraticRepublicoftheCongoinAfricaclosetowherethegermwasdiscovereD.Theviruscauseshighfeversanddeadlybleedingdisordersinprimatesincludingpeopleandmonkeys.Itisoftendeadly.Howeverscientistspreviouslybelievedthatthevirusspreadonlythroughdirectcontactwiththebloodorotherbodyfluidsofaninfectedpersonoranimal.Othervirusesincludingtheonesthatcausechickenpoxandthecommoncoldareknowntospreadthroughtheair.ThoughEbolatooappearedtospreadthroughtheairinthelaboratoryexperimentresearchershavenotdocumentedanycasesofairborneinfectionundernormalconditions.SincethediscoveryofEbolain1976ithasinfectedmorethan2200peoplE.Ofthattotalonly13peoplefellillapparentlywithoutcomingintodirectcontactwithaninfectedanimalorperson.IfEbolaspreadseasilythroughtheairscientistsanddoctorswouldexpecttoseemoresuchcases.43.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartBadnewsinParagraph1referto?A.Theanimalswillonlyspreadthevirustootheranimals.B.Canadianresearchershavenotreachedaconclusion.C.Theviruswillbespreadamongpeoplebypigsandmonkeys.D.Thepigsandmonkeyswillgetinfectedwiththevirus.44.HowdidtheresearchersarriveattheirfindingsaccordingtoParagraph3?A.Byreferringtopreviousstudies.B.ByreferringtopreviousdatA.C.Bydoinganexperimentinalaboratory.D.Bydoinganexperimentundernormalconditions.45.WhatdoweknowabouttheEbolavirus?a.ItwasfirstfoundinanAfricancountry.b.Itspreadstotallydifferentlyfromchickenpox.c.ItcannotspreadthroughotherbodyfluidsbesidesblooD.d.PeopleusuallysufferfromhighfeversaftergettinginfecteD.e.Itspreadonlythroughdirectcontactwiththebloodinthepast.A.abeB.adC.abcD.bcde46.ItisimpliedabouttheEbolavirusinthelastparagraphthat________.A.ithaskilledthirteenpeopleintotalthroughairspreadingB.itcannotcauseanyhumaninfectionsundernormalconditionsC.spreadingthroughtheairisnotanefficientrouteoftransmissionD.morethan2200peoplehavediedbecauseoftheinfectionofthevirus

Runninglikethewindroaring咆哮likethundertigershavelongbeenfearedandrespectedasakingoftheanimalworlD.Butlastweekareportsaidthattherearenomorethan30wildtigersleftinsouthChinA.ThiswastheconclusionofateamofscientistsfromChina'sStateForestryAdministrationandtheWorldNatureFunD.TheSouthChinatigeralsoknownastheChinesetigerisnativetosouthernChinA.Inthe1950'stherewereover4000tigersfoundinmountainforestsinthecountry.Butduetothedestructionoftheirnaturalhabitatanduncontrolledhuntingithasbeenpushedontothelistoftheworld'stoptenmostendangeredspecies.Sixty­sixofthebigcatscanbefoundinthecagesofadozenzoosaroundChinA.Buttheyarenothingliketheirwildcousins.Theyhavelosttheirnaturalskillssuchashuntingandkilling.Iftheyweresetfreetheycouldnotlookafterthemselves.BreedinghasdamagedthequalityofthespeciessaidPeiEnledeputydirectoroftheShanghaiZoo.ToreintroducethespeciesintothewildthecountrystartedaprogrammetosendfivetotenyoungtigerstoSouthAfricA.FourofthemhavealreadyarriveD.Progresshasbeenmadeastwoeldertigershaverecoveredsomeoftheirinstincts本能andcanhuntwildanimalsbythemselvesattheAfricanbasE.SouthAfricansareveryexperiencedinreintroducingbiganimalstothewilD.ThecountryhasverygoodnaturalconditionsforthetigerstolearninsaidLuJunofficedirectoroftheNationalWildlifeResearchandDevelopmentCenter.WetriedinFujianProvincebutitwasnotsuccessfulastherewasnotacompleteeco­chain生物链andtherewasalackofspacE.ThetigersshouldreturntoChinain2007whenthereservationsinFujianareready.61.WhatisthemainreasonfortheSouthChinatigerbecomingoneoftheworld'stoptenmostendangeredspecies?A.Becauseithaslostitsnaturalinstincts.B.Becausethereisnotacompleteeco­chain.C.Becausethereisnospaceforit.D.Becauseuncontrolledhuntinghasdestroyeditsnaturallivingconditions.62.HowistheprogrammeofsendingseveraltigerstoSouthAfricagettingon?A.Itseffectstillremainstobeseen.B.Twotigerscanalreadycompetewiththeirwildcousins.C.Someofthetigersarealreadyontheroadtorecoveringtheirnaturalskills.D.Thetigersshouldbeabletorecovertheirinstinctscompletelyby2007.63.Bysayingbuttheyarenothingliketheirwildcousinsthewritermeansthat________.A.theyarenolongerfearedbyotherwildanimalsB.theydon'tknowhowtohuntorkillC.acompletechangehasresultedinthespeciesbecauseofbreedingD.toreintroducethemintothewildhasbecomeanurgenttask64.WhatisthepurposeofsendingyoungtigerstoSouthAfrica?A.TohelpthetigersrecovertheirabilitytoliveinthewilD.B.Toprovidethemwithabetterenvironment.C.Togetthetigerstogoonatour.D.Tofindacompleteeco­chainforthem.65.WhichoneisNOTthereasonforSouthAfricabeingchosenasthetrainingplace?A.BecausethetigerscanhuntwildanimalsbythemselvesattheAfricanbasE.B.BecauseSouthAfricansareskilledatdealingwiththetigers.C.Becausethereisacompleteeco­chainandenoughspacetherE.D.Becausethecountryhasgoodnaturalconditionsforthetigerstolearnin.

Owningasmartphonemaynotbeassmartasyouthink.TheymayletyousurftheInternetlistentomusicandsnapphotoswhereveryouarebuttheyalsoturnyouintoaworkaholicitseems.A.studysuggeststhatbygivingyouaccesstoemailsatalltimestheall-singingall-dancingmobilephoneaddsasmuchastwohourstoyourworkingday.ResearchersfoundthatBritonsworkanadditional460hoursayearonaverageastheyareabletorespondtoemailsontheirmobiles.ThestudybytechnologyretailerPixmaniarevealstheaverageUKworkingdayisbetween9and10hoursbutafurthertwohoursisspentrespondingtoorsendingworkemailsormakingworkcalls.Morethan90percentofofficeworkershaveanemail-enabledphonewithathirdaccessingthemmorethan20timesaday.Almostoneintenadmitsspendinguptothreehoursoutsidetheirnormalworkingdaycheckingworkemails.Someworkersconfesstheyareoncallalmost24hoursadaywithnineoutoftensayingtheytakeworkemailsandcallsoutsidetheirnormalworkinghours.Theaveragetimeforfirstcheckingemailsisbetween6amand7amwithmorethanathirdcheckingtheirfirstemailinthisperiodandaquartercheckingthembetween11pmandmidnight.GhadiHobeikamarketingdirectorofPixmaniasaidTheabilitytoaccessliterallymillionsofappskeepincontactviasocialnetworksandtakephotosandvideoaswellastextandcallhasmadesmartphonesinvaluableformanypeoplE.Howevertherearedrawbacks.Manycompaniesexpecttheiremployeestobeoncall24hoursadaysevendaysaweekandsmartphonesmeanthatpeopleliterallycannotgetawayfromwork.Themoreconstantlyincontactwebecomethemoreisexpectedofusinaworkcapacity.21.Whatcanweconcludefromthetext?A.AllthatglittersisnotgolD.B.Everycoinhastwosides.C.Itneverrainsbutpours.D.It’snogoodcryingoverspiltmilk.22.Theunderlinedwordaccessinginthethirdparagraphcanbereplacedby.A.callingB.reachingC.gettingD.using23.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?A.TheaverageUKworkingdayisbetweennineandtwelvehours.B.Nine-tenthsspendoverthreehourscheckingworkemails.C.Onefourthchecktheirfirstmailsbetween11pmandmidnight.D.Theaveragetimeforfirstcheckingemailsisbetween6amand8am.24.What’sthemainideaofthetext?A.Workaholicslikesmartphones.B.Smartphonesbringaboutextrawork.C.Smartphonesmakeourliveeasier.D.Employersdon’tlikesmartphones.

Foodsometimesgetspoisonedwithharmfulthings.A.personwhoeatssuchfoodcangetanillnesscalledfoodpoisoning.Foodpoisoningisusuallynotseriousbutsometypesaredeadly.ThesymptomsoffoodpoisoningusuallybeginwithinhoursofeatingthepoisonedfooD.Feverisoneofthemostcommonsymptoms.Certainmicroorganisms微生物causemosttypesoffoodpoisoning.Bacteriaandothermicroorganismscanpoisoneggsmeatvegetablesandmanyotherfoods.Afterenteringthebodythesetinylivingthingsrelease释放poisonsthatmakepeoplesick.Somechemicalscanalsocausefoodpoisoning.TheyareoftenaddedtofoodwhileitisbeinggrownprocessedorprepareD.Forexamplemanyfarmersspraychemicalsoncropstokillweedsandinsects.Somepeoplemayhaveabadreactiontothosechemicalswhentheyeatthecrops.SomeplantsandanimalscontainnaturalpoisonsthatareharmfultopeoplE.Theseincludecertainkindsofseafoodgrainsnutsseedsbeansandmushrooms.Whenpeoplehandlefoodproperlytheriskoffoodpoisoningisverysmall.Microorganismsmultiplyrapidlyindirtyplacesandinwarmtemperatures.Thismeansthatpeopleshouldnevertouchfoodwithdirtyhandsorputfoodonunwashedsurfaces.Foodshouldbekeptinarefrigeratortostopmicroorganismsfromgrowing.Meatneedstobecookedthoroughlytokillanydangerousmicroorganisms.Peopleshouldalsowashfoodcoveredwithchemicalsbeforeeatingit.FinallypeopleshouldnoteatwildmushroomsorotherfoodsthatgrowinthewilD.Someofthesefoodsmaycontainnaturalmaterialsthatarepoisonoustohumans.Inadditionsometypesoffishcanbepoisonous.Mostpeoplerecoverfromfoodpoisoningafterafewdaysofrestinganddrinkingextrawater.IfpeopleeatnaturalpoisonstheymustgotothehospitalrightawaytohavetheirstomachsemptieD.1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Foodwhenpoisonedcanmakepeoplesick.B.Foodpoisoningmeansdeath.C.Foodpoisoningcomesinvarieties.D.Foodpoisoningcanbeserious.2.Weknowfromthepassagethatthesymptomsoffoodpoisoning.A.arealwaysaccompaniedbyafeverB.aretoocommontobenotedC.canbenoticedwithinhoursD.canbeignored3.FoodpoisoningcanbecausedbyallthefollowingEXCEPT.A.somechemicalsB.lowtemperaturesC.sometinylivingthingsD.certainnaturalmaterials4.FromParagraph5wecanlearnthat.A.mushroomsshouldnotbeeatenB.vegetablesaresaferthanmeatandseafoodC.naturalpoisonsaremoredangerousthanchemicalsD.differenttypesoffoodshouldbehandleddifferently5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.A.naturalmaterialsaresafeinfoodprocessingB.chemicalsareneededinfoodprocessingC.foodpoisoningcanbekeptundercontrolD.foodpoisoningisoutofcontrol

Thetermmultitaskingoriginallyreferredtoacomputer’sabilitytocarryoutseveraltasksatonetimE.Formanypeoplemultitaskinghasbecomeawayoflifeandevenakeytosuccess.InfactsomeexcellentmentalaerobicexercisesinvolveengagingthebrainintwoormorechallengingactivitiesatatimE.Althoughcheckinge-mailwhiletalkingonaphoneandreadingthenewspapermaybesecondnatureforsomepeoplemanytimesmultitaskingcanmakeuslessproductiveratherthanmorE.Andstudiesshowthattoomuchmultitaskingcanleadtoincreasedstressanxietyandmemoryloss.Multitaskingiseasiestwhenatleastoneofthetasksishabitualorrequireslittlethought.Mostpeopledon’tfinditdifficulttoeatandreadthenewspaperatthesametimE.Howeverwhentwoormoreattention-requiringtasksareattemptedatonetimepeoplesometimesmakemistakes.Weoftendon’trememberthingsaswellwhenwe’retryingtomanageseveraldetailsatthesametimE.Withoutmentalfocuswemaynotpayenoughattentiontonewinformationcominginsoitnevermakesitintoourmemorystores.Thatisoneofthemainreasonsweforgetpeople’snames—evensometimesrightaftertheyhaveintroducedthemselves.Multitaskingcanalsoaffectourrelationships.Ifsomeonecheckstheire-mailwhileonthephonewithafriendtheymaycomeoffasabsent-mindedordisinteresteD.Itcanalsocausethatpersontomissoroverlookkeyinformationbeingpassedontothem.39.Whyaresomementalaerobicexercisesdesignedtoengagepeopleinmultitasking?A.TomakethemmoreproductivE.B.Toreducetheirstressandanxiety.C.Todeveloptheircommunicationskills.D.Tohelpthemperformdailytasksmoreeasily.40.AccordingtoParagraph2whymayapersonsuddenlyforgetwhohehascalled?A.Heisprobablyinterruptedbyanothertask.B.Hemayneedarestbetweendialingandspeaking.C.HemayleavehisprefrontalcortextemporarilydamageD.D.HeisprobablynotveryfamiliarwiththepersonhehascalleD.41.Peopletendtomakemistakeswhen_______.A.thetasksrequirelittlethoughtB.theirrelationshipswithothersareaffectedC.newmessagesareprocessedoneafteranotherD.theyperformseveralchallengingtasksatatime42.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.MultitaskinghasbecomeawayoflifE.B.MultitaskingexercisesneedtobeimproveD.C.MultitaskingoftenleadstoefficiencydeclinE.D.Multitaskingenablespeopletorememberthingsbetter.

IfthereisonethingI’msureaboutitisthatinahundredyearsfromnowwewillstillbereadingnewspapers.Itisnotthatnewspapersareanecessity.Evennowsomepeoplegetmostoftheirnewsfromtelevisionorradio.ManybuyapaperonlyonSaturdayorSunday.Butformostpeoplereadinganewspaperhasbecomeahabitpasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration.ThenatureofwhatisnewsmaychangE.Whatbasicallymakesnewsiswhataffectsourlives—thebigpoliticalstoriesthecoverageofthewarsearthquakesandotherdisasterswillcontinuemuchthesamE.Ithinktherewillbemorecoverageofscientificresearchthough.It’salreadyhappeninginareasthatmaydirectlyaffectourliveslikegenetic基因engineering.InthefutureIthinktherewillbemorecoverageofscientificexplanationsofwhywefeelaswedo—aswedevelopabetterunderstandingofhowthebrainoperatesandwhatourfeelingsreallyarE.It’squitepossiblethatinthenextcenturynewspaperswillbetransmitted传送electronicallyfromFleetStreetandprintedoutinourownhomE.InfactI’mprettysurethathowitwillhappeninthefuturE.Youwillprobablybeabletochoosefromamenumakingupyourownnewspaperbypickingoutthethingsyouwanttoread—sportsandinternationalnewsetC.IthinkpeoplehavegotitwrongwhentheytalkaboutcompetitionbetweenthedifferentmediA.Theyactuallyfeedoffeachother.Somepeopleonceforesawthattelevisionwouldkilloffnewspapersbutthathasn’thappeneD.Whatisreadontheprintedpagelastslongerthanpicturesonascreenorsoundlostintheair.AndasfortheInternetit’sneverreallypleasanttoreadsomethingjustonascreen.69.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheBestWaytoGetNewsB.TheChangesofMediaC.MakeYourOwnNewspaperD.TheFutureofNewspaper70.Inthewriter’sopinioninthefuture_______.A.morebigpoliticalaffairswarsanddisasterswillmakenewsB.newspaperswillnotbeprintedinpublishinghousesanylongerC.newspaperswillcovermorescientificresearchD.moreandmorepeoplewillwatchTV71.Fromthepassagewecaninfer_______.A.newspaperswillwinthecompetitionamongthedifferentmediaB.newspaperswillstaywithustogetherwithothermediaC.televisionwilltaketheplaceofnewspaperD.thewriterbelievesomemediawilldieout72.Theunderlinedphrasefeedoffinthelastparagraphmeans_______.A.dependonB.competewithC.fightwithD.killoff

Pansaidatfirstsheconsideredcallingthepolicebutthendecidedtotrytopersuadetheyoungmantoreturnherbag.Pancalledherlostphonewithherfriend’sbutcouldn’tgetthrough.Soshebegansendingmessages.HeyI’mPanAiyingateacherfromWutouMiddleSchool.YoumustbegoingthroughadifficulttimE.IfsoIwillnotblameyouwrotePaninherfirsttextmessagewhichgotnoanswer.Keepthe4900yuanifyoureallyneeditbutpleasereturntheotherthingstomE.Youarestillyoung.Allmenmakemistakes.CorrectingyourmistakeismoreimportantthananythingPanwroteinanothermessagE.Shegaveuphopeaftersending21textmessageswithoutanyanswerandplannedtocallthepolicethenextmorning.HoweverassheleftherhomeonSundaymorningPanfoundherrobbedbaglyinginthecourtyarD.Nothingwaslost.PanIamsorry.ImadeamistakE.PleaseforgivemE.YouaresokindeventhoughIstolefromyou.I’llcorrectmywaysandbeanhonestpersonsaidaletterleftwiththebag.63.WherewasPanAiyingrobbed?A.Intheschool.B.AthomE.C.InthecourtyardD.OnherwayhomE.64.WhyDIDN’TPanAiyingcallthepoliceatfirst?A.Becauseshethoughtthepolicewouldn’thelpher.B.BecauseitwastoolateatthattimE.C.Becauseshewantedtocommunicatewiththerobberfirst.D.Becauseherfriendaskedhernotto.65.HowlongwasPanAiyin’sbagmissing?A.Abouttwodays.B.About12hours.C.Aboutonedayandahalf.D.About24hours.66.FromthenewswecanlearnthatA.theyoungmanwouldnotrobanymoreB.PanAiyingdidn’tgiveuphopeaftersending21textmessagesC.theyoungmanwouldpayavisittoPanAiyingpersonallyD.PanAiyingteachesEnglishinamiddleschoolinShandongProvince

Germany’smysteryEnglish-speakingforestboyissaidtobehavingtroubleadjustingtoconventionallifE.SourceclosetothecaseclaimheishavingdifficultysleepinginaproperbedandwantstoreturntothewilD.Othercreaturecomfortssuchassoaphotshowersandrunningwaterarealsounsettlingtheyoungster.KnownonlyasRayandbelievedtobearound17theboyisthoughttohavespentatleastfiveyearssleepingroughinwoodssouthoftheGermancapital.HehandedhimselfintoofficialsonSeptember5andwascarryingarucksack帆布背包tentandsleepingbag.HetoldpolicehisfatherhadrecentlydiedafterafallandhehadburiedhiminashallowgravE.HethenwalkednorthforafortnightforhelpuntilhegottotheGermancapital.DespitethebizarrenatureofthestorypolicehavesaiditiscrediblE.Thesourcesaiditwasunsurprisingtheteenagerfoundasoftbedsounusualifhehadbeensleepingroughforsolong.HehasindicatedthathewouldbefarmorecomfortableontheforestfloorandwouldprefertoreturntheretosleepthesourceaddeD.TheboyclaimedthathisfatherhadtakenhimintothewoodssouthofBerlinafterhismotherDoreendiedinacarcrash.NowdetectiveshavebegunasearchforthegraveoranyotherplacewhereRyan’sbodymightbelying.Theboyisunabletotellthemexactlywhereheburiedhisfatherbutclaimedhefollowedhiscompassnorthwards.InthemeantimetheyaretryingtomakeRayawardofcourtsothatanofficialcanbeappointedtomakeimportantdecisionsonhisbehalf.DNAfingerprintanddentalrecordscanalsothenbehandedtoInterpol国际刑警sothathisrecordscanbecheckedagainstthoseofmissingchildren.A.policespokesmanconfirmedthatasearchhadstartedforRyan’sgraveaftertheboysaidthathewasburiedunderthestonestwoweekssouthofBerlin.PolicearepuzzledbythecasebutsaythateverythingRayhastoldthemsofaraddsup.OfficialsbelievetheteenagercouldbeBritishbecausehespeaksEnglishbutonlybasicGerman.TheBritishConsulisalsoworkingwithpolicetotrytosolvethemystery.Raywhois5feet11incheswithblondhairisingoodphysicalshapeandhadnosignsofabuseapartfromasmallscarthatwasatleast3yearsolD.61.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutforestboyisTRUE?A.HehasnodifficultyadaptingtothecommonlifE.B.Heisabout17yearsoldnow.C.Hesufferedgreathardshipintheforest.D.Hehasspent10yearsinwoods.62.WhatdoesthesentenceHehandedhimselfintoofficialsinthethirdparagraphmean?A.HewantedtogethelpfromthepolicE.B.HewantedtodeliverhimselftothepolicE.C.HewantedtotellthepoliceabouthisbizarreadventurE.D.HewassenttothepolicestationbyotherpeoplE.63.Whatcanwelearnabouttheboyfromthetext?A.Bothofhisparentsdiedinacaraccident.Heisparentlessnow.B.HeisnowbeingtakencareofbytheInterpol.C.Ryan’sbodyhasbeenfoundburiedunderstonessouthofBerlin.D.TheboywalkedallthewaytoBerlinwiththehelpofacompass.64.WhichofthefollowingphrasedoesNOThavethesamemeaningastheunderlinedphraseaddup?A.makesenseB.amounttoC.holdwaterD.soundreasonable65.Whatstillremainsmysteriousaboutthisboy?A.Hisparent’snames.B.Hisstateofhealth.C.Hisnationality.D.Thelanguageshespeaks.