第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题，每题2分，满分40分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A.B.C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A The luxury of eating an apple on Mars could cost as much as US $22,000. That's because it costs about US $120,000 to launch a kilogram of anything into deep spacE. So getting enough food into orbit is a big problem facing astronauts on a trip to Mars. After NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) has no current plans to send astronauts to Mars, related research is being carried out—including the production of fooD. Astronauts on the international Space Station usually eat primarily freeze-dried food to which they add water. However, the weight of the packaging—almost as much as the food inside—costs a lot of money. The biggest problem of all is a psychological onE. Scientists believe that astronauts will suffer without the variety offered by fresh vegetables. The answer is to grow at least some of the fooD. On a short trip it is imagined that astronauts will eat vegetables such as lettuce, spinach and carrots grown in a refrigerator-sized unit known as a "salad machine". On longer journeys they will actually grow vegetables in greenhouses on Mars. Martian astronauts will eat a vegetarian diet since it will not be practical to raise animals. To make up for the lack of meat, recipes have been created to add as much variety to the diet as possible, using only a basic number of products. It uses heat and mechanical force to transform soybeans into meat and cheese substitutes（代替品）. The prized result of this research is a purely vegetable-based pizza with meat and cheese substitutes . 41. What is the best title for this story? A. Space Food B. Astronauts' Problem C. The Packaging of Space Food D. Mars Rover-Spirit 42. What is the main problem with the diet of astronauts on the international Space Station now? A. The packaging is too expensivE. B. Only fresh vegetables are offereD. C. Too much water is needed for dried fooD. D. There are not enough choices of fooD. 43. What is the "salad machine" in the spaceship for? A. It stores vegetables. B. It grows vegetables. C. It cooks green salaD. D. It mixes green salaD. 44. From the passage we know that the diet plan for Martian astronauts is short of . A. Vegetables. B.A.special kind of PizzA. C. Meat. D. Soybeans

DogshaveanunderstandingoffairplayandbecomeangryiftheyfeelthatanotherdogisgettingabetterdealanewstudyhasfounD.Thestudylookedathowdogsreactwhenacompanionisrewardedforthesametrickinanunequalway.FriederikeRangearesearcherattheUniversityofViennainAustriaandhercolleaguesdidaseriesofexperimentswithdogswhoknewhowtorespondtothecommandgivethepaw.Thedogswerenormallyhappytorepeatedlygivethepawwhethertheygotarewardornot.Butthatchangediftheysawthatanotherdogwasbeingrewardedwithapieceoffoodwhiletheyreceivednothing.WefoundthatthedogshesitatedsignificantlylongerwhenobeyingthecommandtogivethepawtheresearcherswritE.Theunrewardeddogseventuallystoppedcooperating.Scientistshavelongknownthathumanspaycloseattentiontoinequity.Butresearchersalwaysassumedthatanimalsdidn’tsharethetrait.TheargumentwasthatthisisauniquelyhumanphenomenonsaysFransdeWaalaprofessorofpsychologyatEmoryUniversityinAtlantA.Thatchangedin2003whenheandacolleaguedidastudyonmonkeys.Themonkeyshadtohandasmallrocktoresearcherstogetapieceofcucumberinreturn.Theywerehappytodothis.Butiftheysawthatanothermonkeywasgettingamoredeliciousrewardagrapefordoingthesamejobtheywouldthrowawaythefoodandrockandatsomepointjuststoppedperforming.Inthatexperimentthemonkeysconsideredthefairnessoftwodifferenttypesofpayment.ButwhenRangeandhercolleaguesdidasimilarstudywiththeirtraineddogstestingtoseeifdogswouldbecomeupsetiftheyonlygotdarkbreadwhenotherdogsreceivedsausagetheyfoundthataslongasthedogsgotsomekindoffoodpaymentevenifitwasn’tthemostdeliciouskindtheanimalswouldplayalong.HowdidthedogsinRange’sstudyreacttotheorderofgivingthepaw?A.TheytooktheorderevenwithoutbeingrewardeD.B.TheytooktheorderonlywhenrewardeD.C.Theyturnedadeafeartorepeatedorders.D.Theyhesitatedlongerwhengivenrepeatedorders.TheresearchbyFransDeWaalin2003___________.A.originatedfromRange’sresearchondogs.B.showedthatanimalsdopayattentiontoinequity.C.begantheargumentthatonlyhumansareawareofinequity.D.wasconductedtofindouthowmonkeysreactedtohumans’orders.Somemonkeysintheresearchbecomeangrybecausetheyfoundanothermonkey_______.A.wasgivenlesswork.B.wasgivenmorefooD.C.wasgiventhesametypeoffooD.D.wasgivenmoredeliciousfooD.Rangefoundthatcomparedwithmonkeysdogs____________.A.caremoreaboutwhethertheyarerewardeD.B.carelessaboutwhattheyarerewardedwith.C.caremoreaboutwhattheyareorderedtodo.D.carelessaboutwhogivesthemorders.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Animalshavevariouswaystoshowtheiranger.B.Dogsarelessintelligentthanmonkeys.C.Dogshaveasenseoffairness.D.Mostanimalswanttoberewardedequally.

TheGalapagosafar-awayarchipelago群岛andlargelyuntouchedbymanisnowfacingaproblem.ItslocalpeoplewholiveontheislandofSantaCruzwanttodevelopthebusinessandtouristpotential旅游资源oftheislanD.RecentlytheyarelockedinabitterstrugglewiththenaturalistswhoworkattheCharlesDarwinCentrealsoonSantaCruz.Thenaturalistswanttoprotecttheisland’swildlifewhichisalreadysufferingasaresultofhumanactivity.Theanimals’greatthreatusedtobesailorswhohundredsofyearsagorobbedtheislandsforfooD.Theywipedoutabout250000GiantTortoises.ForexampleonPintaoneofthesmallestislandstherearenoGiantTortoisesleftatall.Thelastsurvivoran80-year-oldGiantTortoisecalledLonesomeGeorgelivesundertheprotectionofnaturalistsattheDarwinCentrE.Todaytheisland’sanimalsarenolongerhuntedforfooD.Butotherdangershavereplacedthethreatfromsailors.GoatsforexampleintroducedovertheyearsbymanhavegonewilD.Withnonaturalenemiestheirnumberhasreached10000onthelargestoftheGalapagosislandsIsabellA.TheyareeatinghugequantitiesofplantsandrobbedtheremainingGiantTortoisesoffooD.TheproblemisnowsobadthattheNationalParkServicehashiredhunterstokillthegoatsinordertosavetheGiantTortoisefromdyingout.TodayyoucanfindtheGiantTortoisesontheislandof_______.A.SantaCruzB.PintaC.IsabellaD.GalapagosWhichofthefollowingshowstherightrelationshipbetweentheGalapagosIsabellaPintaandSantaCruz?A.TheGalapagos>Pinta>Isabella>SantaCruzB.Isabella>SantaCruz>theGalapagos>PintaC.TheGalapagos>Isabella>SantaCruz>PintaD.Isabella>theGalapagos>Pinta>SantaCruzWecanlearnfromthearticlethegreatestdangertotheGiantTortoisesisfrom________.A.sailorsB.huntersC.goatsD.thelocalpeopleFromthefirstparagraphwecaninferthat_____.A.thenaturaliststrytohelpthelocalpeoplewiththeirinterest.B.ThelocalpeoplepaymoreattentiontotheeconomicgrowththanthewildlifethereC.Theanimalsandplantsareofgreatimportancetothelocal.D.Thenaturalistsdon’tcareaboutthelocalpeopleatall

HowRoomDesignsAffectOurWorkandFeelingsArchitectshavelonghadthefeelingthattheplacesweliveincanaffectourthoughtsfeelingsandbehaviors.Butnowscientistsaregivingthisfeelinganempirical经验的实证的basis.Theyarediscoveringhowtodesignspacesthatpromotecreativitykeeppeoplefocusedandleadtorelaxation.Researchesshowthataspectsofthephysicalenvironmentcaninfluencecreativity.In2007JoanMeyers-LevyattheUniversityofMinnesotareportedthattheheightofaroom'sceilingaffectshowpeoplethink.Herresearchindicatesthathigherceilingsencouragepeopletothinkmorefreelywhichmayleadthemtomakemoreabstractconnections.Lowceilingsontheotherhandmayinspireamoredetailedoutlook.Inadditionstoceilingheighttheviewaffordedbyabuildingmayinfluenceanoccupant'sabilitytoconcentratE.NancyWellsandhercolleaguesatCornellUniversityfoundintheirstudythatkidswhoexperiencedthegreatestincreaseingreennessasaresultofafamilymovemadethemostgainsonastandardtestofattention.UsingnaturetoimprovefocusofattentionoughttopayoffacademicallyanditseemstoaccordingtoastudyledbyC.KennethTannerheadoftheSchoolDesign&PlanningLaboratoryattheUniversityofGeorgiA.Tannerandhisteamfoundthatstudentsinclassroomswithunblockedviewsofatleast50feetoutsidethewindowhadhigherscoresontestsofvocabularylanguageartsandmathsthandidstudentswhoseclassroomsprimarilyoverlookedroadsandparkinglots.Recentstudyonroomlightingdesignsuggeststhandim暗淡的lighthelpspeopletoloosenup.Ifthatistruegenerallykeepingthelightlowduringdinneroratpartiescouldincreaserelaxation.ResearchersofHarvardMedicalSchoolalsodiscoveredthatfurniturewithroundededgescouldhelpvisitorsrelax.Sofarscientistshavefocusedmainlyonpublicbuildings.Wehaveaverylimitednumberofstudiessowe'realmostlookingattheproblemthroughastraw吸管architectDavidAllisonsays.Howdoyoutakeanswerstoveryspecificquestionsandmakebroadgeneralizeduseofthem?That'swhatwe'reallstrugglingwith.WhatdoesJoanMeyers-Levyfocusoninherresearch?A.Light.B.Ceilings.C.Windows.D.FurniturE.Thepassagetellsusthat______.A.theshapeoffurnituremayaffectpeople'sfeelingsB.lowerceilingsmayhelpimprovestudents'creativityC.childreninadimclassroommayimprovetheirgradesD.studentsinroomswithunblockedviewsmayfeelrelaxedTheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphprobablymeansthat______.A.theproblemisnotapproachedstepbystepB.theresearchessofarhavefaultsinthemselvesC.theproblemistoodifficultforresearcherstodetectD.researchinthisareaisnotenoughtomakegeneralizedpatternsWhichofthefollowingshowstheorganizationofthepassage?CP:CentralPointP:PointSP:Sub-point次要点C:Conclusion

ClimatechangeexpertsfromtheTyndallClimateResearchCentreinBritainhavesaidurgentactionisneededtocurbtherapidgrowthinairtravelifthegovernmentistomeetitscommitmentsontacklingglobalwarming.ThisreportfromStephenEvans:Fallingticketpricesandrisingincomesareleadingtorapidgrowthinglobalairtravel.AccordingtotheBritishgovernmentthenumberofBritishairpassengersforexamplewillmorethandoubleinthenextquarterofacentury.Increasesofsuchanorderwouldmeanmuchmoreaviationfuelbeingburnedandaviationfuelmaybemoreharmfultotheenvironmentthanotherfuelsbecausetheresultingsmokeisemittedathighaltitudes.A.groupofscientistsattheenvironmentalresearchgrouptheTyndallCentresaysthatifBritainistomeetitsoveralltargetforcuttingdamagingemissionsotherusesoffuellikeforheatinghomesordrivingcarswouldhavetobecutdramatically.TheBritishgovernmentwantstheuseofaviationfuelcoveredbyinternationalagreementontheenvironment.Thedifficultyforanyindividualgovernmentisthattaxingfuelusedatitsownairportsmightpushairlinestomovetheiroperationstocompetingairportsinothercountries.WhichstatementisTRUE?A.A.lotofpeoplearoundtheworldhaverecentlystoppedflyingbecausetheyhavelessmoneytospendandthepriceofplaneticketsisgoingupB.Halfasmanypeopleastodaywillflyinthenext25years.C.Becausemoreplanesaresuingmoreflightpetrolandmorepollutionisbeingproducedinthesky.D.TheBritishgovernmentwouldlikeallcountriestoagreenottotaxairlinefuel.Whichisthereasonthatleadstotherapidgrowthinglobalairtravel?A.Theincreaseofincomesandthedecreaseofticketprices.B.Thegrowthofthenumberofgoodplanes.C.ThefallingoftheoilpricE.D.Theencouragementofthegovernments.TheTyndallCentresays________.A.thenumberofBritishairpassengerswillmorethandoubleinthenextquarterofacentury.B.Britainwillhavetouselessenergyathomeandontheroadstomeetthegoalofcuttingpollution.C.Ifairportsaretaxedforusingfuelbyeachcountry’sgovernmentthenairlinesmightuseotherairportswithcheaperfueltaxes.D.Onlytheuseofaviationfuelneedstobecutdowntomeettheoveralltargetforcuttingdamagingemissions.What’sthebesttitleofthetext?A.FallingTicketPricesandRisingIncomesB.GrowthinAirTravelHarmsEnvironmentC.RapidGrowthinGlobalAirTravelD.MoreFlightPetrolMoresmoke

第三部分阅读理解共20小题每小题2分满分40分阅读下列短文从所给的四个选项A.B.C.D中选出最佳选项Sciencesummercampsareoneofthebestwaystoimprovecreativityofstudentsandteachthemapracticalapproachtowardsscienceanditsapplications应用.Studentstakingpartinthecampscanlearntoappreciatescienceandtechnologyatanearlyagetobebetterpositionedforfurtherlearningandfinallybetterpreparedtofacechallenges.Apartfromtheoriesscientificexperimentsanddiscussionsareencouragedatthesecamps.ThesciencesummercampsareusuallyheldbetweenJuneandAugustandit’sgoodforparentstostartplanningtheirchildren’ssummercampsatleast6to7monthsinadvancE.Thisperiodoftimeprovidesanopportunityforthemtodoproperresearchandsavemoney.Withmorethan2000summercampsintheUSthereisawidevarietyforparentstochoosefrom.Ifthechilddoesn’tlikebiologythereisnopointsendinghimtoananatomy解剖学sciencecamp.Likewise同样地ifonethinksthathischildlimitshimselftobooksthroughouttheschoolyearheshouldtryandchoosecampswhichprovidestudentswithanopportunitytomoveoutintheopenandbephysicallyactivE.Tomakethetaskeasiertherearemanywebsiteswhichprovideonlineresourcematerialstohelpparentsselectasummercampthatfitstheneedsoftheirchildren.Generallyasciencesummercampcostsbetween$150and$500dependingonwherethecampislocatedhowlongitlastsandofcoursewhatsubjectitcovers.Someofthemalsoprovidescholarships奖学金forbrightstudentstoencouragethem.56.Asciencesummercampoffersstudents.A.chancestobewellpreparedforfuturestudyB.chancestoresearchandsavemoneyC.waystogetonlineresourcematerialsD.chancestoliveindependently57.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordtheminthesecondparagraphreferto?A.StudentsB.OrganizersCScientistsD.Parents58.Wecaninfer推断fromthesecondparagraphthat.A.it’simportantforchildrentorelaxatthesummercampsB.onlineresourcematerialscanhelptoorganizeasummercampC.propercampsshouldbechosenforchildrenaccordingtotheirneedsD.differentparentsshouldbechosenforchildrenaccordingtotheirneeds59.Whatdothecostsofasciencesummercampdependon?A.Organizers’effortsandsuggestions.B.Locationtimeandcontent.C.Students’likesanddislikes.D.Effectsandbenefits.

Formorethantwentyyearsscientistshavebeensearchingforsignsoflifeonotherplanets.Mostofthesesearcheshavebeendoneovertheradio.Thehopeisthatsomeoneinouterspacemaybetryingtogetintouchwithus.Scientistsalsohavesentradioandtelevisionmessagesonspaceshipstravelingthroughspaceonthechancethatsomeonemaybereceptivetosuchmessages.Scientistsareusingpowerfulradiotelescopestolistentosignalsfromabout1000starsallwithin100lightyearsofearth.Inadditiontheywillscan扫视theentireskytolistenforradiomessagesfrommoredistantstars.UsingacomputertheywillbeabletomonitormorethaneightchannelsatonetimE.ScientistsarelookingforanysignaltheystandsoutfromthebackgroundnoisE.Ofthe200billionstarsintheMilkyWaygalaxy银河星系scientistsfindthatfivepercentarelikeoursun.Perhapshalfofthemhaveaplanetlikeearth.Suchaplanetwouldbeareasonabledistancefromthestarfortemperaturestoberightfortheevolution进化oflifE.BasedontheinhabitablethatcanbelivedinplanetsinourgalaxymostscientistsagreethatchancesarelikelythatoneormoreoftheseplanetssupportsomelifE.Howevermanyscientistswonderwhetherintelligent有智力的lifeexistsonotherplanets.SomebelievethattwentyyearsofsearchingwithoutanyintelligiblemessagesshowsthatnooneisouttherE.Theysaythattheevolutionofintelligencecomparabletooursisunlikely.Otherscientistsbelievethatoursearchhasn’tbeenlongenoughtoruleoutthepossibilitythatintelligentlifeexistsinourgalaxy.Althoughoursunfamilyisonlyaboutfivebillionyearsoldourgalaxyisabout20billionyearsolD.Inthattimesomescientiststhinkitislikelythatcivilization文明muchmoreadvancedthanourshavedevelopeD.Perhapsthesecivilizationssendusnosignals;perhapswehavenotrecognizedthesignalstheyhavesentus.Ifwehopetofindintelligentlifethesescientistsbelievethatwehavetokeeplooking.Accordingtothepassagehowmanyplanetsinourgalaxymightbeinhabitable?A.5billion.B.10billion.C.15billion.D.200billionThefirstparagraphinthispassageismainlyabout________.A.howscientistsarelookingforsignsoflifeonotherplanetsB.whyscientistsarelookingforsignsoflifeonotherplanetsC.wherescientistsarelookingforsignsoflifeonotherplanetsD.whenscientistsarelookingforsignsoflifeonotherplanetsTheunderlinedwordmonitorinthepassagemeans________.A.findB.followC.checkD.formWhichofthesestatementsistruebasedontheinformationinthepassage?A.Theearthisoneoftheoldestplanetsinourgalaxy.B.Mostscientistsbelievethatthereisintelligentlifeonotherplanets.C.Scientistsaretryingdifferentwaystofindsignsoflifeonotherplanets.D.Scientistsdon’tbelievethattheremightbelifeonotherplanets.

Rightisright.Right?OfcoursE.Butisleftwrong?WelltheRomansusedtothinkso.Theythoughtleft-handedpeopleweremistakesofnaturE.LatinthelanguageoftheRomanshadmanywordsthatexpressedthisview.Somewordsweusetodaystillhavethismeaning.TheLatinworddextermeansright.TheEnglishworddexterouscomesfromthisworD.Itmeanshandycleverwithhands.Sorightishandy.ButtheLatinwordforleftissinister.TheEnglishwordsinistercomesfromthisworD.Sinistermeansevilverybad.Isitfairtocallright-handedpeoplehandyandleft-handedpeopleevil?Wellfairornotmanylanguageshavewordsthatexpresssuchbeliefs.InoldEnglishthewordforleftmeansweak.Thatisn’tmuchofanimprovementoverevil.Notverylongagochildrenwereoftenforcedtowritewiththeirrighthands.Doctorshavesincefoundthatthiscanbeveryharmful.YoushouldusethehandyouwereborntousE.Peoplewhousetheirlefthandsarejuststartingtogetbettertreatment.Butwhytheygetallthesebadnamesinthefirstplace?Onereasonmaybethattherearenotasmanyleft-handedpeopleasthereareright-handedpeoplE.Thereisoneleft-handedpersonforeveryfiveright-handedones.Peoplewhoaredifferentareoftenthoughttobewrong.Butattitudesdoseemtobechanging.Fair-mindedright-handedpeoplearefinallystartingtogiveleft-handedpeopleahanD.Whatdoesthepassageleadustobelievewhenonewrites?A.HecanonlyusehisrighthanD.B.HecanonlyusehislefthanD.C.HecanuseeitherhislefthandorhisrighthanD.D.HecanusebothhislefthandandhisrighthanD.Thelastsentenceofthisarticlemeans________.A.Fair-mindedright-handedpeoplewanttochangethehabitoftheleft-handedpeopleB.Fair-mindedright-handedpeoplearestartingtohelptheleft-handedpeopleC.Fair-mindedright-handedpeoplearestartingtouselefthandtowriteandsoonD.Fair-mindedright-handedpeoplearestartingtogiveupusingtheirlefthandsAfterwereadthearticlewecancertainlyknowthat_______.A.left-handedpeoplehavebeentreatedpoorlyB.thenumberoftheleft-handedpeopleislargerthanthatofright-handedpeopleC.right-handedpeoplearemuchclevererthanleft-handedpeopleD.left-handedpeoplearelesssmartbuthardworkingWhichofthefollowingisNOTrightaccordingtothearticle?A.Atonetimeleft-handedpeoplewereforcedtousetheirrighthands.B.Left-handedpeopletodayarebeingtreatedbetterthanthoseinthepast.C.Therearenotasmanyleft-handedpeopleasthereareright-handedpeopletoday.D.DexterouscomesfromLatinmeansevilandEnglishsinistermeanshandy.

Studiesshowthatwalkingseveraltimesaweekcanlowerorreducethedangerofmanydiseases.Walkingalsocanhelpyouloseweight.Fastwalkingisgoodfortheheart.ItlowersthebloodpressurE.Researcherssaywalkingcanreducethedangerofsufferingaheartattackbyasmuchasfiftypercent.StudieshaveshownthatwalkingforthirtyminutesadaycandelayandpossiblypreventthedevelopmentofTypeTwoDiabetes.ItcanpreventdiabetesamongpeoplewhoareoverweightandatdangerforthediseasE.Studiesshowthatwomenwhowalkandtakecalciumreducetheirdangerofthinningofthebones.Walkingalsohelpslowerthepainofarthritisinareaswherebonesarejoinedbystrengtheningthemusclesaroundthebones.Walkingseveraltimesaweekisagoodwaytocontrolyourweightandevenlosebodyfat.Studiesshowitalsohelpslowerfeelingsofsadness.Expertssaywalkingisoneofthesafestwaystoexercise.Thereisalowdangerofinjuries.SoitisgoodforpeoplewhoarestartinganexerciseprogramforthefirsttimeandforolderpeoplE.A.walkingprogramiseasytostart.Youshouldwearlooseclothesandgoodshoes.Shoesdesignedforwalkingarebest.Howfastshouldyouwalk?Youshouldbebreathinghardwhileyouarewalking.Yetyoushouldbeabletotalk.Letyourarmsmovebackandforwardatyoursideswhileyouwalk.Thetitleofthepassageprobablyis______.A.WalkingB.FeelingsofSadnessC.WeightD.DiseasesWalkingisoneofthesafestwaystoexercisemeans______.A.walkingiseasytostartB.there’salowdangerofinjuriesC.walkingisgoodforheartD.walkingcanpreventthedevelopmentofdiseasesWalkinghelpsreducethefollowingEXCEPT_________.A.thedangerofmanydiseasesB.weightC.sadfeelingsD.moneyforshoesAccordingtothepassagewalking________.A.isthesafestwaytoallofthepeopleB.isagoodwaytoreducethedangerofmanydiseasesC.cancurethediseaseofheartattackD.canhelpputonweight

BA.17-year-oldboycaughtsendingtextmessagesinclasswasrecentlysenttotheviceprincipal'sofficeatMillwoodHighSchoolinHalifaxNovaScotiA.TheviceprincipalSteveGallaghertoldtheboyheneededtofocusontheteachernothiscellphonE.Theboylistenedpolitelyandnoddedandthat'swhenMr.Gallaghernoticedthestudent'sfingersmovingonhislap.Hewastextingwhilebeingscoldedfortexting.ItwasasubconsciousactsaysMr.Gallagherwhotookthephoneaway.Youngpeopletodayareconnectedsociallyfromthemomenttheyopentheireyesinthemorninguntiltheyclosetheireyesatnight.It'scompulsivE.A.studythisyearbypsychologystudentsatCovenantCollegeinLookoutMountainGA.foundthatthemoretimeyoungpeoplespendonFacebookthemorelikelytheyaretohavelowergradesandweakerstudyhabits.HeavyFacebookusersshowsignsofbeingmoresocialablebuttheyarealsomorelikelytobeanxioushostileordepresseD.Doctorsmeanwhilearenowblamingaddictionsto'nighttexting'fordisturbingthesleeppatternsofteens.Almostaquarteroftoday'steenscheckFacebookmorethan10timesadayaccordingtoa2009surveybyCommonSenseMediaanonprofitgroupthatmonitorsmedia'simpactonfamilies.Willtheseyoungpeoplegetridofthishabitoncetheyentertheworkforceorwillemployerscometoseetextingand'social-networkchecking'asacceptedpartsoftheworkday?Thinkback.Whentoday'solderworkerswereintheir20stheymighthavetakenabreakonthejobtocallfriendsandmakeafter-workplans.Inthoseearliererascompaniesdiscouragednon-business-relatedcallsandsomeonewhomadepersonalcallsalldayriskedbeingfireD.Itwasimpossibletoimaginetheconstantback-and-forthtextingthatdefinesinteractionsamongyoungpeopletoday.Educatorsarealsobeingaskedbyparentsstudentsandeducationalstrategiststoreconsidertheirrules.Inpastgenerationsstudentsgotintroubleforpassingnotesinclass.Nowstudentsareadeptattextingwiththeirphonesstillintheirpocketssays40-year-oldMr.Gallaghertheviceprincipalandthey'reabletocommunicatewithsomeoneonefloordownandthreerowsover.Studentsarejustfundamentallydifferenttoday.Theywilltakesuspensionsratherthangiveuptheirphones.46.Theunderlinedwordasubconsciousactreferstoanact__________.A.onpurposeB.withoutrealizationC.insecretD.withcare47.YoungpeopleaddictedtotheuseofFacebook_________.A.aregoodatdealingwiththesocialrelationshipsandconcentrateontheirstudyB.havehighspiritsandpositiveattitudestowardstheirlifeandworkC.havebeeninfluencedmentallyintheaspectsofbehaviorsandhabitsD.arealwaysinbadmoodandhavepoorperformanceineveryrespect48.Throughthesituationoftoday’solderworkersintheir20sitcanbeinferredthat___________.A.theemployerswillnotacceptyoungpeople’ssendingtextmessagesB.acellphoneisamustfortoday’solderworkersinsteadofyoungpeopleC.theemployerspreferolderworkerstoyoungpeopleD.theemployerswillfindithardtocontroltheinteractionamongyoungpeople49.Mr.Gallagherremindsusthatthestudentsinthepastandthosetoday_________.A.liketobreakrulesandhavethesamemeansofsendingmessagesB.arealwaysthebigproblemfortheeducatorsandtheirparentsC.likesendingtextmessagesbutthosetodaydoitinamoresecretandskillfulwayD.cannotlivewithoutacellphone50.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.TeenagersandCellphonesB.Teenagers’TextingAddictionC.EmployersandTeenagersD.Teenagers’Education

PARTTHREEREADINGCOMPREHENSIONDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedABC.andD.ChoosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassagE.ASwayingpalmtreesturquoise-bluewaterandsugar-whitesandmakebeachloverssighwithdelight.Butnotallbeacheshavethoseingredients.Themostinterestingbeachescomeindifferentshapessizesandcolors.ThosewhowantbeautyandsomethinguniquecangototheSeychelles’LaDigueIslanD.Largegranite花岗岩rockformationsoverlookbeautifulwhite-sandbeaches.Thepinkish-greyrockslooklikesculpturesthathavebeenforgottenonthebeach.TouriststravelingtoLaDigueIslandtoseetheuniquerockswillalsodiscoveroneoftheworld’smostbeautifulislands.Hawaii’sBigIslandhasoneoftherarestbeachesofall—abeachmadeupentirelyofgreensanD.Thesandwhichisformedbydarkgreencrystalscalledolivine橄榄石isdeposited堆积byvolcanicactivity.GreenSandBeachliesontheslopesoftheworld’slargestactivevolcanoMaunaLoA.Oneoftheworld’smostunusualbeachesliesontheislandofSantoriniGreecE.ThesandonRedBeachgetsitsreddishcolorfromtheredvolcanicrocksthatmakeupthecliffs悬崖aroundthebeach.Touristsflock蜂拥toseetheredsandmakingRedBeachoneofSantorini’smostpopularbeachdestinations.BlacksandmakesupthehugebeachofKarakarE.ThroughtheyearsvolcanicsandmixedwithironashtoformthisblackbeachonNewZealand’swildwestcoast.Withallthebeautifulbeachesintheworldbeachlovershavelotsofchoices.Butforthosereadyforsomethingdifferentauniquebeachvacationmightbejusttheticket!56.Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.Oneoftheworld’smostunusualbeachesB.BeachlovershavingmorechoicesC.A.uniquebeachvacationD.Uniquebeachesaroundtheworld57.Accordingtothetext______wouldberegardedasthegeneralcharacteristicsofbeautifulbeaches.A.swayingpalmtreesturquoise-bluewatersugar-whilesandB.rockswhitesandpinkish-greyrockssculpturesC.greensandslopesofanactivevolcanoD.blacksandironashwildcoast58.BeachesontheislandofSantoriniareredbecauseof_______.A.thecliffsaroundthebeachB.thelargegraniterocksC.theredvolcanicrocksD.crystalscalledolivine59.Ifyouwanttoseepinkish-greyrocksthengoto_______.A.SantoriniGreeceB.Seychelles’LaDigueIslandC.Hawaii’sBigIslandD.NewZealand60.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Differentbeacheshavedifferentcolors.B.Differentplaceshavedifferentbeaches.C.Whitesandandbluewaterarethemaincharacteristicsofbeaches.D.Peoplehavemanychoicesforbeachvacations.

Oursurrounding周围isbeingpollutedfasterthannatureandman’spresenteffortscan’tpreventit.Timeisbringingusmorepeopleandmorepeoplewillbringusmoreindustrymorecarslargercitiesandthegrowinguseofman-madematerials.Whatcanexplainandsolvethisproblem?Thefactisthatpollutioniscausedbyman—byhisdesireforamodernwayoflifE.Wemakeincreasingindustrializationourchiefaim.Sowearealwaysreadytooffereverything:cleanairpurewatergoodfoodourhealthandthefutureofourchildren.Thereisaconstantflowofpeoplefromcountrysidetocitieseagerforthebenefitofourmodernsociety.Butasourtechnologicalachievementshavegrowninthelasttwentyyearspollutionhasbecomeaseriousproblem.Isn’tittimewestoppedtoaskourselveswherewearegoing—andwhy?ItmakesonethinkofthestoryabouttheairlinepilotwhotoldhispassengersovertheloudspeakerI’vesomegoodnewsandsomebadnews.Thegoodnewsisthatwe’remakingrapidprogressat530milesperhour.Thebadnewsisthatwe’relostanddon’tknowwherewe’regoing.Thesadfactisthatthisbecomesatruestorywhenspokenofourmodernsociety.Mancan’tpreventtheworldfrombeingpollutedmainlybecause.A.manyman-madematerialsB.morecarstrucksandbusesC.morepeopleandmoreindustryD.morecitiesPeoplecrowdintothecitiesbecause_________.A.theywantverymuchtofindwell-paidjobsB.theyeagerfortheachievementofourmodernsocietyC.theyhavebecometiredoftheirhomelandD.theyhaveastrongwishtobecomeindustrialworkersThestoryabouttheairlinepilottellsusthat_________.A.manknowswherethesocietyisgoingB.peopledonotwelcometherapiddevelopmentofmodernsocietyC.mancandolittleabouttheproblemofpollutionD.thewriterisworriedaboutthefutureofoursocietyWhatdoesthewriterreallywanttosayinthispassage?A.Withthedevelopmentoftechnologypollutionhasbecomeaseriousproblem.B.Lowerthespeedofdevelopmenttostoppollution.C.It’stimewedidsomethingtoreducepollution.D.Asindustryisgrowingfastpollutionisthenaturalresult.

CSometimeswecrybecausewearesadandsometimesbecauseweareextremelyhappy.Anirritant刺激物suchasonion洋葱smellorgrainsofsandintheeyecanalsomakecry.InthiscasetearsperformanobviousroleingettingridofsubstancesthatmightharmthesurfaceoftheeyE.Dr.WilliamFreyoftheDryEyeandTearResearchCenteratSt.PaulinMinnesotaUSAbelievesthattearsfromemotionalcausesmayperformasimilarrolE.Hethinksthatcryingcouldgetridofemotionalstressbywashingawayachemicalinthebloodcausedbystrongemotions.Toprovehistheoryhehopesfirsttoidentifythischemicalandthenseeifitisfoundintearsofsadnessorhappiness.SofarDr.FreyhasfailedtofindoutthedifferencebetweenemotionaltearsandtearscausedbyanirritantintheeyE.Thismaybebecausethesesubstancesthemselvescauseadegreeofstressandemotion.Whathehasidentifiedinalltearsisavarietyofbiochemicals生化物whichareoneofthecausesofstress.Amoredetailedstudymayhelpusunderstandwhysufferersfromstress-relateddisorderscrylessoftenthanhealthypeoplE.Dr.Freyisalsoveryinterestedtoseeifthereareanyphysiological生理学的explanationsforwhywomeningeneralcryfivetimesmoreoftenthanmenonaveragE.64.ThemainpurposeofDr.Frey’sstudyoftearsistoA.showthattherearetwotypesoftearscausedbyirritantsandbyemotionsB.findoutthecauseofstress-relatedproblemsandemotionaldisordersC.explainwhywomencrymoreoftenthanmenD.provethattearscanremoveachemicalinthebloodcausedbystrongemotions65.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Tearsfailtohelpgetridofemotionalstress.B.Irritantsintheeyeresultintearswithoutcausingstressandemotion.C.Healthypeoplecrymoreoftenthanthosewithstress-relatedproblems.D.ThebiochemicalidentifiedbyDr.Freyhasnothingtodowithstress.66.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat__________.A.cryingdoesusmoreharmthangoodB.innerfeelingsdon’taffectourbodiesC.sorrowmaycausesomechemicalsinourbloodD.emotionaltearsaredifferentfromtearscausedbyirritantsintheeye67.Dr.Freybelievesthattearsfromemotionalcausesmayplayaroleingettingridof______.A.emotionalstressbywashingawayachemicalinthebloodB.onionsmellorgrainsofsandC.sufferingsfromirritantsD.substancesthatmightnotharmthesurfaceoftheeye

Forceotherthandamagingwindsarealsoatworkinsidetornadoes.Sometimesastheturningjumpingfunnel漏斗passesoverahousethewallsandceilingburstapartasifabombhadgoneoffinsidE.Thisexplosion爆炸iscausedbythelowairpressureatthecenterofatornado.Thepressureatthecenterofatornadoisusually13poundspersquareinch.Howeverinsidethehousetheairpressureisnormalabout15poundspersquareinch.Thedifferenceof2poundspersquareinchbetweentheinsideandoutsidepressuremaynotseemlikemuch.Butsupposeatornadofunnelpassesoverasmallbuildingthatmeasures20by10by10feet.Oneachsquareinchofthebuildingthereis2poundsofpressurefromtheinsidethatisnotbalancedbyairpressureoutsidethebuilding.Ontheceilingthataddsuptoanunbalancedpressureof57600pounds.Thepressureonthefourwallsaddsupto172800pounds.Ifwindowsareopeninthebuildingsomeoftheinsideairwillrushoutthroughthem.Thiswillbalancethepressureinsideandoutsidethebuilding.Butifthewindowsareshuttightlythegreatinsidepressuremaycausethebuildingtoburst.Unfortunatelyheavyrainhappensinthunderstormsthatlaterproducetornadoes.Sopeopleoftenshutallwindowstoprotecttheirproperty.Thismaycausefarworsedamagelater.63.Whichofthefollowingisthemaintopicofthepassage?A.WheretornadoesareformeD.B.Whentornadoesusuallyoccur.C.HowtornadoescanbepreventeD.D.WhytornadoescausesomuchdamagE.64.Accordingtothepassagetornadoescandestroybuildingbecausethe_____.A.forceofatornadoincreasestheairpressureinabuildingB.airpressureatthecenterofatornadoisover172000poundsC.weightofatornadocancrushabuilding’sroofwhenitpassesoverheadD.airpressureinsideatornadoislessthantheairpressureinsideabuilding65.Accordingtothepassagethepressureonabuildingduringatornadocanbereducedby_____.A.closingthewindowsB.openingthewindowsC.usinganelectricfanD.makingtheroofandwallsstronger

CHINACoalminesclaim使失踪morelivesA.COALmineblast爆炸inJixiHelongjiangleftmorethan100minersdeadonThursday.TenminesinJixiwereorderedtostopproduction.Thegovernmenthastriedtoshutdownthousandsofsmallillegal非法的minesinthecountrythatdonotmeetsafetystandards标准.MIDDLEEASTBomberscontinuestokillPALESTINIANSkilled32IsraelisinthreemajorattacbetweenTuesdayandThursday.Thereweretwosuicidebombing自杀性爆炸andamilitant武装的attackonJewishsettlement.TheyledtooneofthehighestIsraelideathtolls死亡人数insuchashortperiodoverthelasttwoyears.CHINAYoungpeoplestandtallTheaverageheightofChineseyoungpeoplehasrisenby6centimetersparedtothatof20yearsago.Thisyearfarexceeds超过theword’saveragegrowthspeeD.A.surveyonhealthconductedbyapanel调研组ofChinesestudentsfoundtheresults.Accordingtotheworldaveragelevelyouthsgettallerby1cmevery10years.CANADATalkingaboutworldissue援助TheGroupofEightG8—theUSJapanGermanyBritainFranceItalyCanadaandRussia----willholdasummit峰会onJune26and27inKananaskisCanadA.TheG8aretherichestandmostpowerfulcountriesintheworlD.G8leadersandsomeAfricanpresidentswilldiscussstrengtheningglobaleconomicgrowthandhelpingAfricA.KofiAnnanUnitedNationsSecretaryGeneralwillalsoattenD.1.Thousandsofmineshavebeenshutbecause______.A.theyhaveblastB.theyproducedlesscoalC.theyareverysmallandillegalD.theydon’tmeetthesafetystandards2.Inthelast20yearstheaveragegrowthspeedofChineseyouthsexceedstheworld’saveragelevelby_______.A.1cmB.4cmC.5cmD.6cm3.What’sthepurposeoftheSummit?A.tostrengthentheglobaleconomicgrowthandhelpingsomepoorAfricancountries.B.Tomaketheseeightcountriesmuchmorepowerful.C.TohelpsomeAfricanpresidenttostrengthentheireconomicgrowth.D.KofiAnnanwillhaveanimportantspeechonworldissues.

Itisnotunusualtoseeyourdesk-mateyawn打呵欠ashecomplainsthathedidn'thaveagoodsleepthenightbeforE.Manyteensdon'tgetenoughsleepbecausetheyhavetoomuchhomeworkwhichkeepsthemupatnight.Someteenscannotsleepatnightevenwhentheywantto.Studiesshowthatduringyourteenageyearsthebody'sbiologicalclockisresettellingyoutosleeplateratnightandwakeuplaterinthemorning.Butchangesinthebodyclockaren'ttheonlyreasonteenslosesleep.Lotsofpeoplehaveinsomnia失眠.Themostcommoncauseofinsomniaisstress.ButallsortsofthingscanleadtoinsomniA.Theseincludephysicaldiscomfortemotionaltroublesandevensleepingenvironment.It'scommonforeveryonetohaveinsomniafromtimetotimE.Butifitlastsforamonthormoregoandseeadoctor.Somepeoplehaveaconditionthatcausesstomachacid酸tomovebackwardtowardsthechest.Thisproducestheuncomfortableburningfeelingcalledheartburn.Soevenifthepersondoesn'tnoticethefeelingsofheartburnbecauseheissleepinghemayfeeltiredthenextday.Mostteenshavenightmaressometimes.Butiftheyarefrequentaperson'ssleeppatterncanbeseriouslyaffecteD.Themostcommoncauseofnightmaresisemotionalproblemssuchasstress压力oranxiety.Ifyouhavethemalotit'sagoodideatotalktoadoctor.Doctorsencourageteenstomakelifestylechangestodevelopgoodsleepinghabits.YouprobablyknowthatcoffeecankeepyouawakebutdidyouknowthatplayingvideogamesorwatchingTVdoesthesame?1.Themainideaofthefirstparagraphis________.A.Thereisaproblemthatteenagerscan’tgetenoughsleep.B.Sleepingproblemshavedifferentcauses.C.Yawningisagoodwaytogetridofsleep.D.Teenagerscaretoomuchforhomework.2.TheTeenagers’biologicalclock________.A.easilymakesteenagersleadtoinsomniaB.istheoriginoftheirinsomniaC.providesthemwithplentyoftimeatnightD.ishelpfultoimprovetheirconcentration注意力3.Whatdoesthewritersayaboutnightmares?A.Itisnothingandshouldn’tbetakenseriously.B.Itcanreleasetheirstressoranxiety.C.Emotionalproblemsaretheonlywaytoformnightmares.D.Peoplewillsufferfromsleepiffrequent.4.Whichwaycanhelptogetridofinsomnia?A.DrinkingsomecoffeebeforegoingtobeD.B.PlayingvideogameorwatchingTVfromtimetotimE.C.Turningtoadoctorforhelp.D.EatingmuchmedicineforinsomniA.

.Doyouwanttoliveanother100yearsormore?Someexpertssaythatscientificadvanceswillonedayenablehumanstolasttensofyearsbeyondwhatisnowseenasthenaturallimitofthehumanlifespan.Ithinkweareknockingatthedoorofimmortality永生saidMichaelZeyaMontclairStateUniversitybusinessprofessorandauthoroftwobooksonthefuturE.Ithinkby2075wewillseeitandthat’saconservativeestimatE.AttheconferenceinSanFranciscoDonaldLouriaaprofessoratNewJerseyMedicalSchoolinNewarksaidadvancesinusinggenesaswellasnanotechnology纳米技术makeitlikelythathumanswillliveinthefuturebeyondwhathasbeenpossibleinthepast.Thereisagreatpushsothatpeoplecanlivefrom120to180yearshesaiD.Somehavesuggestedthatthereisnolimitandthatpeoplecouldliveto200or300or500years.Howevermanyscientistswhospecializeinagingaredoubtfulaboutitandsaythehumanbodyisjustnotdesignedtolastabout120years.Evenwithhealthierlifestylesandlessdiseasetheysayfailureofthebrainandorganswillfinallyleadallhumanstodeath.ScientistsalsodifferonwhatkindoflifethesuperagedmightlivE.Itremainstobeseenifyoupass120youknow;couldyoubehealthyenoughtohavegoodqualityoflife?saidLeonardPoondirectoroftheUniversityofGeorgiaGerontologyCenter.Atpresentpeoplewhocouldgettothatpointarenotingoodhealthatall.67.BysayingweareknockingatthedoorimmortalityMichaelZeymeans_____.A.theybelievethatthereisnolimitoflivingB.theyaresuretofindthetruthaboutlonglivingC.theyhavegotsomeideasaboutlivingforeverD.theyareabletomakepeoplelivepastthepresentlifespan68.DonaldLouria’sattitudetowardlonglivingisthat_____.A.peoplecanlivefrom120to180B.itisstilldoubtfulhowlonghumanscanliveC.thehumanbodyisdesignedtolastabout120yearsD.itispossibleforhumanstolivelongerinthefuture69.TheunderlineditParA.4refersto_____.A.agreatpushB.theideaoflivingbeyondthepresentlifespanC.theideaoflivingfrom200to300D.theconservativeestimate70.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthistext?A.LivinglongerornotB.SciencetechnologyandlonglivingC.NolimitforhumanlifeD.Healthylifestyleandlongliving

Toucans巨嘴鸟akindoftropicalbirdsknownforitscolorfulbeakareverysmart.InMexicomydadbecamefriendswithatoucanthatwasinawalkinandseethebirdscagE.Thetoucanwassosmartthatitknewhowtogetout.Itjustneededsomehumantohelpit.Italmostflewoutwhilewewereleaving!Ialsonoticedthatalltoucanshavedifferentbeaks!TheyalsohaveverylonguniquebeakswithanextremelylongtonguE.Itstruts大摇大摆地走aroundwithitscheststickingoutandbeakpointedforwarD.Thetoucanisabeautifulbird!Thebeakhasaredtipdifferentshadesoneveryonebutsometimesthereisalittleturquoiseonthebottomhalf.Thenrightwherethebeakseparatesthereisasplotchofyellow.Andtherestofthebeakisgreen.Thetoucantakesverymuchprideofitself.Thetoucaneatsfruitandseeds.Theramphastidaethetoucanfamilyisknownforitslongbeakand37species.Toucansalsofeedoninsectssmalllizardsbirdnestlingsandeggs.Theynestinhollowtreeswheretheyincubateandcarefortheiryoung.Theyarefoundinthewoodyareas.OfthevarioustoucanfactshereisanoddonE.CitizensofCentralandSouthAmericaassociatethetoucanswithevilspirits.Theythinkthebirdscanbethepersonificationofevils.Wherecouvades父代母育ispracticedthefatherofanewchildmustnoteattoucanfleshasitisbelievedtobewitchthenew-bornchilD.Yetthetoucancanalsobeatribaltotem图腾.SothemedicinemenuseitasasymboltoflytothespiritworlD.60.WhichofthefollowingwordsisNOTsuitabletodescribetoucans?A.IntelligentB.ConfidentC.DangerousD.Colorful61.Thesecondparagraphmainlytalksabout_______.A.wheretoucansstrutaroundB.howtoucansgetfoodC.whattoucanslooklikeD.whentoucanslayeggs62.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordincubateprobablymeaninparagraph3?A.HatcheggsB.TakecoverC.GatherstrengthD.Keepwarm63.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthat_______.A.allcitizensofCentralandSouthAmericaareafraidoftoucansB.thetoucanscanalsobeusedasmedicinetocurediseasesC.anewchildmustnoteattoucanfleshbecauseitispoisonousD.somepeoplebelievetoucanscanbringthemmisfortune

You’relostintheworldofdreamsandsleep.YourolloversmilingasyoucomeacrossaswimmingpoolfilledwithchocolatE.AndthenyourwonderfuldreambecomesanightmarewhensomeoneisscreamingGetup!It’sjustwhateveryteenagergoesthrougheachmorning!Nowthereseemstobeoneschoolthatfinallyunderstandsthatrequiringteenstoshowupat9amisnotjustcruelbutalsoharmfultoboththekidsandtheschool.TheMonkseatonHighSchoolinNorthTynesideBritainrecentlydecidedtoexperimenttoseeifthereisanydifferenceinstudentbehavioriftheyjustpushedbackthestartoftheirdaybyonehourfrom9amto10am.Andtheresultsaresurprising.SincecarryingoutthelaterstartMonkseatonhasseena28%dropintruancyevenhardlyanylatenessandbestofallhighertestscores.Oneofthereasonsisthattheteenagersaremuchhappiertohavetheextrahourofsleepbutthereisalsoascientificreasonbehindwhytheyneedtheextrasleep.Theschool’sdecisiontopushbackthetimewasbasedontheresearchdonebyOxfordProfessorRussellFosterwhopointedoutthatteenagersandadultshavedifferentsleepcyclesexplainingwhyteenagersgotobedlateandwakeuplatE.Whileadultsarewideawakeandreadyat8amteenagersarenotfullyawakeuntil10amsometimesevennoon.Teachersmayarguethattheirstudentsperformbetterinthemorningbutinfactitisbecausetheyareinthezonewhiletheirstudentsarestillsleepymakingthestudentseasiertocontrol.MemorytestsprovethatthemoredifficultclassesshouldbeintheafternoonwhenteenagersaremostwideawakE.TheMonkseatonschoolofficialsareencouragedbytheresultsandplanonvotingtomakeitapermanentchangE.What’sthebesttitleofthispassage?A.Getupearlyteenagers!B.Finallyaschoolunderstandsteenagers.C.Whydoteenagersstayuplate?D.Differencebetweenteensandadults.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordtruancy?A.gradesB.subjectsC.absenceD.classesWhatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.TeenagersandadultshavethesamesleepcyclE.B.Teenagersarefullyawakeat10am.C.Teenagersaremuchhappiertosleepthanstudy.D.Teenagersneedtheextrasleepalsoforascientificreason.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.TheMonkseatonschoolissatisfiedwiththeresultofexperiments.B.Itiscruelfortheteenagerstoshowupat9am.C.TheMonkseatonschoolplanstochangetheschooltimeforever.D.Teenagersperformbetterinthemorningthanintheafternoon.

CSomeexpertsfeelthatcarsarecertaintofallintodisusE.Theyseeadayinthenot-too-distantfuturewhenallcarswillbedesertedandmadeuseless.Otherexpertshoweverthinkthecarisheretostay.TheyholdthatthecarwillremainaleadingmeansofcitytravelintheforeseeablefuturE.Thecarwillundoubtedlychangegreatlyoverthenext30years.ItshouldbecomesmallersaferandmorepracticalandshouldnotbepoweredbythegasenginE.Thecarofthefutureshouldbefarmorepollution-freethanpresenttypes.Unlesschangestakeplaceinthepowersystemthecarinthefuturewillstillbethemainproblemincitytrafficjams.Onesuggestedsolutiontothisessentialproblemistheautomated自动的systemwhichseemstoholdwater.Whenthecarentersthehighwaysystemasmallarmwilldropfromthecarandconnectwitharailwhichissimilartothosepoweringsubwaytrainselectrically.Oncejoinedtotherailthecarwillbecomeelectricallypoweredfromthesystemandcontrolofthecarwillpasstoacentralcomputer.Thecomputerwillthenmonitorallthecar’smovements.Thedriverwillusethetelephonetodialinstructionsabouthispositionandtheplaceheheadsforintothesystem.Thecomputerwillfindthebestwayandreservespaceforthecarallthewaytothecorrectexitfromthehighway.Thedriverwillbefreetorelaxandwaitforthecallthatwillwarmhimofhiscomingexit.Itisbelievedthatanautomatedhighwaywillbeabletodealwith10000carsperhourcomparedwiththe1500to2000carsthatcanbecarriedbyapresent-dayhighway.48.Whatisthemainconcernoftheauthorofthepassage?A.Howtomakecarspollution-freE.B.Howtomakecarssmallerandsafer.C.Howtosolvetheproblemoftrainjam.D.Howtodevelopanautomatedsubwaysystem.49.Wecaninferfromthispassagethat__________.A.thecarconnectedtotherailonthehighwaywillbepoweredbyelectricity.B.Thelackofoilisforcingpeopletofindnewmeanstopowerautomobiles.C.Thedriverunderthesystemwillbetoldwheretogetoutofthehighway.D.ThefuturecarwillbecomelargerfasterprettierandlessexpensivE.50.Whatprovidescarswithelectricpowerinanautomatedhighwaysystem?A.AnenginE.B.Arail.C.A.computercontroller.D.A.smallarm.51.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Thedriverputshisinformationinthesystembyemail.B.Thenewsystemcandealwith10timesasmanycarsasthepresentonE.C.Afterenteringtheautomatedsystemthedriverneedstodonothingbutrelax.D.Someexpertsarenotconfidentofthefuturewhiletheviewoftheauthorishopeful.

简答题共3小题每小题2分满分6分阅读下面短文根据第73至第75小题的具体要求简要回答问题Thenorthmagneticpole磁极isnolongeraresidentofCanadA.IthasdriftedacrosstheCanadianArcticandisnowanglingtowardSiberiA.NottobeconfusedwiththegeographicNorthPole—thenorthernextremityoftheEarth’saxis地轴thenorthmagneticpolewheretheEarth’smagneticfieldisdirecteddownwardismovingduetonaturalchangesintheEarth’smagneticfieldaprocessthatoriginatesabout3000kilometersbelowourfeetintheoutercore核心oftheplanet.ButscientistsarenownoticingthatthemagneticpolehaspickedupitspacE.Overthepastcenturythepolehasbeenmigratingatanaveragespeedofabout10kilometersperyearsaysLarryNewittheadofGeomagneticLaboratoryatNaturalResourcesCanadainOttawA.Sincethe1970sthisspeedhasincreasedtoabout50kilometersperyear.ScientistsarewonderingwhythespeedisincreasingsaysNewitt.Onehypothesis假说relatesittomagneticjerkssuddenshifts变化intherateofchangeofthemagneticfielD.TherehavebeenthreejerksinthepastfourdecadeseachonecorrelatingtoanincreasesinspeeD.IfthenorthmagneticpolecontinuesatitscurrentrateitcouldreachSiberiaby2056.FormostofrecordedhistorythepolehasbeenapartofCanadaandnowit’snotsaysNewitt.Itmaybeablowtoourcollectivepsychebutotherthanthatitdoesn’thaveamajoreffectonmostpeople’sexistencE.73.Findinthepassageawordclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedwordangling.____________________________________________________________74.Whatcouldhappentothenorthmagneticpolebythemiddleofthe21stcentury?回答词数不超过8个____________________________________________________________75.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?回答词数不超过8个____________________________________________________________

EResearchonthehumanbrainhasbeenattractingmoreandmorescientistsinrecentyearsjustliketheboominghi-techindustry.Oneofthelatestresearchtopicsishowtochangethehumanbrainorcombinethecomputerandthehumanbraini.E.totransplantachipintoahumanbrain.Thisideamaymakeeveryone’sdreamcometruE.Ifwecompareahumanbraintoaharddisc硬盘whatthescientistsaredoingistoenlargethecapacityoftheharddisC.Forthetimebeingtherearesomedifficultiesinsuchtransplantexperimentsbutscientistsnevergiveup.Experimentshavestartedonanimals.In1996atransplantexperimentperformedattheDefenseandMilitaryPhysiologyResearchInstituteintheU.S.turnedabearintoadolphin.ThedolphinwasnamedTedandthebearwasnamedTallin.UsingthemostadvancedtechnologyavailabledeepanddetailedimagesweremadeofthememoryareainTed’sbraincontaininginformationaboutswimmingbythescientists.Theyobtainedaseriesofusefulinformationthesignalstransferredbythenervoussystem.Suchinformationwassavedintoabutton-sizedchipwhichwasthentransplantedintotheactionmemoryareainTallin’sbrain.Theinformationsavedonthechipwasreleasedbymeansofelectricpower.RecentlyanothercomprehensivememorytransplantwasperformedattheMotorNerveResearchInstituteoftheUniversityofCaliforniA.ThecomprehensivememorytransplantedintheexperimentincludedactionsmoodslogicwordsimagesetC.TheexperimentinvolvedanentiretransplantofthememoryareA.Thiswasthelargestsuchexperimentdonesofar.ThetransplantwasperformedmakingatransferfromadognamedGeniustoadognamedIdiot.Geniuscouldunderstandandfollowupto100gesturesandordersmadebyitsmaster.Itwasarealgeniusinmemorizing.IdiotwastheyoungerbrotherofGenius.Ithadnocontactwithpeopleatallsinceitsbirth.Itbecameananimalwithnothinginitsbrainwithoutanymemory.Theoperationwasacompletesuccess.WhenthetwodogswokeupIdiothadgraspedalltheabilitiesGeniuspossessed;itwasgoodatmemorizingandsensiblE.Itcouldfolloweverygestureandanycommandgivenbyitsmaster.ButGeniusgavenoresponsetoitsmasterandinfactdidnotrecognizehimatall.57.Thepurposeoftheexperimentis_____.A.tocombinethecomputerandthehumanbrainB.toenlargethecapacityofhumanbrainC.tomakesomestupiddogturncleverD.tomakebearswim58.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Thescientiststransferredabutton-sizedchipwithusefulinformationinTallin’sbrain.B.ThefirstcomprehensivememorytransplantwasperformedattheMotorNerveResearchUniversity.C.Thesecondexperimentwasn’tanentiretransplantofthememoryareA.D.TheIdiotwasananimalwithmemorybeforebrainexperiment59.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordsuccessreferto?A.Thetwodogswokeup.B.Theywerebothgoodatmemorizing.C.TheIdiotgraspedalltheabilitiesofGenius.D.TheGeniusgraspedalltheabilitiesofIdiot.60.Accordingtothetextwecaninfer_____.A.apersoncanknowmoreaftertheexperimentB.abearcanswimafterbeingtransferredachipwithrelatedusefulinformationC.adogcanbecomecleverafterentiretransplantofthememoryareaD.itisreallygoodforanimalstohavebeeninvolvedinthetransplantexperiment

Whenwethinkofleadershipweoftenthinkofstrengthandpower.Butwhatarethesereallyandhowdotheyoperate?LeadershiptodayisnotaboutforcingotherstodothingsIfthisisevenpossiblE.itisshort-termandtendstobackfirE.Ifyouordersomeonetodosomethingagainsttheirwill.theymaydoitbecausetheyfeeltheymustbuttheangertheyfeelwilldomoreharminthelong-termTheywillalsoexperiencefear.Fearcausesthethinkingbraintoshutdownmakingthepersonunabletofunctionathisorherbest.Iftheyassociateyouwiththisemotionoffear.Theywillbecomelessfunctionalaroundyouandyouwillhavesucceededinnotonlyshootingyourselfinthefoot.butpossiblymakingaverygoodemployeeorpartnerunabletoperformeffectively.Fearhasnoplaceinleadership.Thewayweinfluencepeopleinalastingwayisbyourowncharacterandourunderstandinganduseofemotion.Wecanordersomeonetodosomethingwhichmaybepartoftheworkday;orwecanemploythemattheemotionallevelsotheybecamefullydevotedtotheprojectsandprovidesomeoftheirownmotivation积极性Today’sworkplaceisallaboutrelationshipsasahumanbeingaswellasaworker.EveryoneproducesjustabitmoreforsomeonetheylikE.Leadersunderstandthewaythingswork.Theyknowthepaycheckisnotthesinglemostmotivatingfactor因素intheworklifeofmostpeoplE.Thetruestrengthofleadershipisaninnerstrengththatcomesfromtheconfidenceofemotionalintelligence---knowingyourownemotionsandhowtohandlethemandthoseofothers.Developingyouremotionalintelligenceisthesinglebestthingyoucandoifyouwanttodevelopyourrelationshipswithpeoplearoundyouwhichisthekeytotheleadershipskills.52.Anemployeemayhaveafeelingoffearintheworkplacewhen___.A.heisforcedtodothingsB.becannotworkathisbestC..hefeelshisbrainshutdownD.hethinksofhisworkastooheavy53.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.PeopletendtoassociateleadershipwithfearB.Workingconditionsaffectpeople’sphysicalhealthC.GoodrelationshipisthekeytobusinesssuccessD.SmartpeoplearemorefunctionalintheworkplacE.54.Topositivelyinfluenceemployeesaleadershouldfirstofall__A.providebettersuggestionsB.develophisownpersonalityC.fivehisemployeesapayraiseD.hidehisownemotionoffear55.Goodleadershipismainlyseeninaleader’sabilityto___A.provideavarietyofprojectforemployeesB.helpraiseemployee’slivingstandardsC.giveemployeesspecificinstructionsD.dealwiselywithemployees’emotions

Doyouwanttoliveanother100yearsormore?Someexpertssaythatscientificadvanceswillonedayenablehumanstolasttensofyearsbeyondwhatisnowseenasthenaturallimitofthehumanlifespan.Ithinkweareknockingatthedoorofimmortality永生saidMichaelZeyaMontclairStateUniversitybusinessprofessorandauthoroftwobooksonthefuturE.Ithinkby2075wewillseeitandthat’saconservativeestimatE.AttheconferenceinSanFranciscoDonaldLouriaaprofessoratNewJerseyMedicalSchoolinNewarksaidadvancesinusinggenesaswellasnanotechnology纳米技术makeitlikelythathumanswillliveinthefuturebeyondwhathasbeenpossibleinthepast.Thereisagreatpushsothatpeoplecanlivefrom120to180yearshesaiD.Somehavesuggestedthatthereisnolimitandthatpeoplecouldliveto200or300or500years.Howevermanyscientistswhospecializeinagingaredoubtfulaboutitandsaythehumanbodyisjustnotdesignedtolastabout120years.Evenwithhealthierlifestylesandlessdiseasetheysayfailureofthebrainandorganswillfinallyleadallhumanstodeath.ScientistsalsodifferonwhatkindoflifethesuperagedmightlivE.Itremainstobeseenifyoupass120youknow;couldyoubehealthyenoughtohavegoodqualityoflife?saidLeonardPoondirectoroftheUniversityofGeorgiaGerontologyCenter.Atpresentpeoplewhocouldgettothatpointarenotingoodhealthatall.BysayingweareknockingatthedoorimmortalityMichaelZeymeans_____.A.theybelievethatthereisnolimitoflivingB.theyaresuretofindthetruthaboutlonglivingC.theyhavegotsomeideasaboutlivingforeverD.theyareabletomakepeoplelivepastthepresentlifespanDonaldLouria’sattitudetowardlonglivingisthat_____.A.peoplecanlivefrom120to180B.itisstilldoubtfulhowlonghumanscanliveC.thehumanbodyisdesignedtolastabout120yearsD.itispossibleforhumanstolivelongerinthefuture70.TheunderlineditParA.4refersto_____.A.agreatpushB.theideaoflivingbeyondthepresentlifespanC.theideaoflivingfrom200to300D.theconservativeestimateWhatwouldbethebesttitleforthistext?A.LivinglongerornotB.SciencetechnologyandlonglivingC.NolimitforhumanlifeD.Healthylifestyleandlongliving.

DCantreestalk?Yes---butnotinwords.Scientistshavereasontobelievethattreesdocommunicatewitheachother.Notlongagoresearcherslearnedsomesurprisingthings.Firstawillowtree柳树attackedinthewoodsbycaterpillars毛毛虫changedthechemistryofitsleavesandmadethemtastelesssothatthecaterpillarsgottiredoftheleavesandstoppedeatingthem.Theevenmoreastonishingthetreesentoutaspecialvapor---asignalcausingitsneighborstochangethechemistryoftheirownleavesandmakethemselvestastealsoterriblE.Communicationofcoursedoesn’tneedtobealwaysinwords.Wecantalktoeachotherbysmilingraisingourshouldersandmovingourhands.Weknowthatbirdsandanimalsuseawholevocabularyofsongssoundsandmovements.Beesdancetheirsignalsflyingincertainpatternsthattellotherbeeswheretofindnectar花蜜forhoney.Soshyshouldn’ttreeshavewaysofsendingmessages?71.Whenattackedawillowtreewillprotectitselfby_______.A.changingitsleaves’chemistryB.changingitsleaves’colorC.talkingtocaterpillarsD.sendingaspecialvapor72.Fromthepassageweknowthatcaterpillars_______.A.likewillowtreesB.enjoyeatingfallenleavesC.feedonwillowtreeleavesD.couldcommunicatewithwillowtrees73.Caterpillarswillstopeatingwillowtreeleaveswhich_______A.haveachemicalchangeandbecometastelessB.haveapleasanttasteC.arebeingattackedD.arecommunicating74.Accordingtothepassagehowdowillowtreescommunicatewitheachother?A.Theytalkinwords.B.Theysendaspecialvapor.C.Theywavetheirleaves.D.Theymakespecialsounds.75.Accordingtothepassagebeescommunicatewitheachotherby_______.A.talkingB.makingunusualsoundsC.singingD.flyingincertainpatterns

Spacetravelisdefinitelybadforastronauts’bonesreducingtheirbonedensity密度afteronlyamonthofweightlessnessaccordingtoFrenchresearchpublishedonFriday.LaurenceVicoandhisfellowworkersatStEtienneUniversitycalledformoreresearchintotheeffectsofmicrogravityaftertheirstudyof15astronautsfromtheRussianMIRstationshowedbonelosscontinuedthroughoutspaceflights.BonelosswasespeciallystrikinginfourastronautsthescientistsreportedintheLancetMedicalJournal.TheymeasuredthebonemineraldensityBMDofbonesintheforearm前臂andlowerlegoftheastronautswhohadspentonetosixmonthsinspacE.TheBMDlosswassignificantinthetibia胫骨ofthelowerlegaweight-bearingbonebutbarelychangedintheradius桡骨oftheforearm.Ourresultsindicatetheneedtoinvestigatenotonlydifferentbonesbutalsodifferentareasofthesamebonesincenotallsitesoftheskeleton骨架aresimilarlyaffectedbyspaceconditionstheyaddeD.Withoutgravitythebodyisn’tbearinganyweightsothereisnoneedforcalcium钙whichmakesbonesstronganditbecomesemptyintothebloodstream.Theresearchteamsuggestedinfuturescientistsshouldtrytodetermineifthelossofbonedensitywasonlyonweight-bearingbonesonlongerflightsalsothepossiblerecoveryafterreturningtoEarth.FrenchscientistsdidtheirresearchonRussianastronautsbecause_______.A.theyonlycaredfortheRussianastronautsB.theywerenotinterestedintheirownastronautsC.theRussiangovernmentinvitedthemtodotheirresearchD.theRussianastronautsworkedinspaceforalongtimeScientistshavefoundthat_______.A.theBMDlossmaycauseseriousillnesstoastronautsB.theBMDlossmaycausesomechangeinastronauts’bodiesC.astronautsshouldn’tcareabouttheBMDlossD.astronautsshouldtakesomecalciumbeforespacetravelWhatcausetheBMDlosstoastronautsaccordingtothispassage?A.ThefoodtheyeatinspacE.B.ThedrinkstheytakeinspacE.C.ThetemperatureinspacE.D.ThegravityinspacE.Inthethirdparagraphthewordstrikingmeans______.A.unusualB.simpleC.weakD.slow

Everyoneagreesthatit’snecessarytoreducecarbonemissions排放物aroundtheworlD.Thereislessagreementoverexactlyhownationsshouldgoaboutachievingamorecarbon-freeplanet.Thustheenvironmentalequivalent:cap–and–tradecarbonemissionsorplaceacarbontaxonallusers?Withcap–and–tradeprogramsgovernmentslimitthelevelofcarbonproducedbyanindustry.Companiesthatholdtheiremissionsbelowthecapcanselltheirremainingallowanceonacarbonmarketwhilecompaniesthatgobeyondtheirlimitmustpurchasecreditsonthatmarket.Carbontaxesaremorestraightforward:asettaxrateisplacedontheconsumptionofcarbonwiththeideathatraisingthepricewillencourageindustriesandindividualstoconsumeless.Atthemomentcap–and–tradehastheupperhandbutdoesn’tdefeatthetaxjustyet.Supportersofthetaxarguethatacap–and–tradesystemwouldbetoodifficulttoadminister–andtooeasilygamedbyindustrieslookingtosidestepemissionscaps.Cap–and–tradeadvocatescontradictthatlikeallotherflattaxesacarboncollectionwouldrelativelyburdenlower–incomefamilieswhospendagreaterpercentageoftheirincomeonenergythanrichhouseholds.Sowhichsystemwillhavealargereffectoncarbonconsumption?A.10%carbontaxmightreducethedemandforcarbonabout5%orlessaccordingtoananalysisbytheCarbonTaxCenteranenvironmentaladvocacygroup.Thatmaynotbeenough.Businessesandgovernmentshaven’tfiguredouthowthetwocompetingsystemscanworktogetherbutintheendtheworldmayneedboth.1.Thepassagefocuseson_________.A.programsofcollectingtaxesB.systemsofreducingcarbonemissionsC.reasonsforreducingcarbonemissionsD.contradictionsbetweenthetwosystems2.Accordingtothecap–and–tradeprogramcompanies_________.A.areforbiddentoproducecarbonemissionsB.areallocatedthesameamountofcarbonconsumptionC.canselltheirremainingallowancewithintheirlimitsD.canselltheextraamountofcarbonatahigherprice3.Carbontaxesworkby_________.A.burdeningwell–offfamiliesB.encouragingindustriestoconsumecarbonC.raisingthepriceforcarbonconsumptionD.limitingthecarbonconsumptionofindustriesonly4.Theunderlinedwordcapinthesecondparagraphmostlikelyrefersto_________.A.limitB.creditC.levelD.rate5.Wecanlearnfromthepassage_________.A.carbontaxesaredifficulttocarryoutB.cap–and–tradeplaysagreaterroleatpresentC.cap–and–tradewillbepreferableinthefutureD.carbontaxeswillbepreferableinthefuture

Manyoftheworld’spollutionproblemshavebeencausedbythecrowdingoflargegroupsofpeopleintothecities.Supplyfortheneedsofthepeopleleadstofurtherpollutionbyindustry.Iftherapidincreaseofworldpopulationincountriescontinuesatthepresentratetheremaybemuchgreaterharmtohumanbeings.Somescientistsspeakoftheincreaseinnumbersofpeopleaspopulationpollution.About2000yearsagotheworldpopulationwasprobablyabout250million.Itreachedabillionin1850.By1930thepopulationwastwobillion.Itisnowthreeandahalfbillion.Itisexpectedtodoublebytheyear2000.Ifthepopulationcontinuestogrowatthesameratetherewillbe25billionintheworldahundredyearsfromnow.Manhasbeenusingtheearth’sresourcesmoreandmorerapidlyoverthepastyears.Someofthemarealmostusedup.Nowmanypeoplebelievethatman’sgreatestproblemishowtocontrolthegrowthofthepopulation.Thematerialsuppliesintheworldwillbefarfromenoughtosupportthehumanpopulationintimetocomeifthepresentrateofincreasecontinues.Alreadythereisovercrowdinginmanycitiesandstarvationinsomecountries.Shouldman’spopulationkeepongrowingsorapidlyasbefore?Manypeoplebelievethathumansurvivalinthefuturedependsontheanswertothisquestion.59.Therapidincreaseinpopulationisconsideredtobe__________.A.theincreaseofresourcesB.populationpollutionC.thedevelopmentofmankindD.thepresentrate60.Theworldpopulationwillbe_________bytheyear2000.A.7billionB.250millionC.25billionD.3.5billion61.Ifthepresentrateofincreasecontinue________________.A.theworldisgoingtoendB.theearthwon’tbeabletosupportthegrowingpopulationinthefutureC.pollutionhasnothingtodowiththerapidlyincreasingpopulationD.therewouldbefourbillionintheworldahundredyearsfromnow62.WhichofthefollowingisWRONGaccordingtothepassage?A.In1850theworldpopulationreachedabillion.B.Manmustfightabattleagainstpopulationpollution.C.Theworld’spopulationisincreasingwithyears.D.Alloftheearth’sresourcesaregonenow.

ShapingtheFutureofTVNobodycanpredictthefutureofTVwithanycertaintybutsomemajorfiguresintheindustryhaverecentlyputforwardtheirthoughtsonwhatwillshapeTVofthefuturE.TheshapingofapersonalizedtelevisionfutureisstartingtotakeplacesaysIntel.Thechipgiantwhomakestheprocessorsfoundinmostpersonalcomputersstatesthatby2015therewillbejustover12milliondevicesusingIPTVservicesthatwillbecapableofconnectingtoover500billionhoursofTV&video.ThissupportstheideatomaketelevisionamoresocialpersonalizedandreadilyaccessibledeviceavailableanywherethroughIPTVservices.AsmoreandmorepeopleconsumeTV&videothroughvariousmediumsthereisnowagreaterneedtodistributeandmanagethiscontent.AssuchcompanieslikeTVGeniusareacceptingthisannouncementmadeatIntel’sDeveloperForumIDFintheUSAbytheirchieftechnologyofficerJustinRattner.WithsuchavarietyofcontentlikelytobecomeavailabletechnologyfirmswillneedtoassistinmakingpersonalizedTVrecommendationsmorereadilyaccessiblE.Mr.RattnerspeakingtotheBBCsaidTVwillremainatthecentreofourlivesandyouwillbeabletowatchwhatyouwantandwhereyouwant.WearetalkingaboutmorethanoneTV-capabledeviceforeverymanandwomanontheplanet.Peoplearegoingtofeelconnectedtothescreeninwaystheyhaven’tinthepast.Onewayinwhichthiswillhappenwillalsobeassistedbyamoreunitedserviceofmaterialcombiningincludingvideocontentinternetcontentbroadcastcontentandpersonalcontent.ThiscontentwillbecomemuchmoreaccessiblethroughremotedeviceslikemobilephonesusingIPTVtechnology.ThismeansthatuserswillbeabletowatchtheirfavoriteprogramsawayfromthetraditionalmediahubthehomE.63.Theauthorusesthepassagemainlyto________.A.recommendanewtypeofTVB.introduceapossibleshapeoffutureTVC.describethefunctionoffutureTVD.supportthenewtypeofTV64.WeknowfromthepassagethatthefutureTVmighthavemajorfeatureslike_______.A.beingcapableofconnectingtomanymorehoursB.changingtheshapeveryeasilyC.receivingprogramsatanyplaceD.displayingtheadvancedmaterialsE.usingservicesaccessingtheInternetvideoradioetcA.abcB.cdeC.aceD.bce65.Theunderlinedwordthisinthethirdparagraphrefersto__________.A.IntelthechipgiantB.TVandvideoC.readilyaccessibledeviceD.WidelyusedIPTVservices66.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_________.A.thepresentTVwilldisappearinthenearfutureB.thefutureTVwillhaveabeautifullookC.peoplearedevelopingthetechnologyofTVveryquicklyD.peoplewillspendmoretimewatchingTVathome

Listeningtomusiccanhelpmefocusbetter.SinceIdiscoveredittwoyearsagoI’veusedmusictogetthroughboringworkortofocuscreatively.I’vefoundthatitcanmakeeventhedullestjobsenjoyableandhelpclearmentalblockstocreativity.Ifirstnoticedthegoodeffectsofmusicwhileplayingvideogames.ItwasafewdaysbeforeChristmasin2005andIwasplayingonlinevideogames.MyparentshadjustgivenmeanewMP3soIdecidedtolistentomusicthroughtheheadphoneswhileIplayeD.AfterafewminutesInoticedagreatchangeinmystyleofplay.Iwasplayingmorenaturally.Themusicrelaxedmeandtoacertainextentdistractedmefromthegameallowingmysubconscious潜意识的talenttocomethrough.ThemusicalsohelpedmeblockouttheoutsideworlD.WiththoseheadphonesonIwaslikeamachinemovingfromonetasktothenextwithoutunnecessarythoughtsoractions.MusiccanalsohaveagreateffectonmooD.IfI’minabadmoodatworkI’lllistentosomeofBobMarley’sandgetdowntobusiness.ItalwaystakesmymindoffwhatI’mdoingandmakesmeahappierperson.Thesameistrueforclassicrock.OnesummerIdidaboringjobcollectingbottleopenersbyhanD.WithoutaradioplayingclassicrockinthebackgroundIwouldhavehatedlifE.Listeningtomusicwithrelaxingrhythmsandapositivemessagehelpsyouforgetyourworkandthinkhappythoughts.Buttheresultsyouseewilldependheavilyonyourpersonaltastes.Experimentwiththetypesofmusicyoulistentoduringcertaintasks.Bytrialanderroryou’llfinallydiscoveryourbestchoicE.I’malwayslookingfornewconcentrationaidssoI’dlovetoknowwhattypeofmusicworksbestformE.Wecaninferthatthepassagewaswrittenin__________.A.2005B.2006C.2007D.2008Theauthorfirstdiscoveredtheeffectsofmusic__________.A.fromhisparentsB.bychanceC.atworkD.whenhewasachildWhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTaneffectofmusicfortheauthor?A.IthelpshimblockouttheoutsideworlD.B.Itarouseshissubconscioustalent.C.Ithelpshismindrelax.D.Itmakeshimworkwithoutanythought.TheauthormentionstheexperienceofcollectingbottleopenersinParagraph3to________.A.tellusthatlifeisdullB.provethatmusicaffectsmoodC.tellushowtoseekhappinessD.tellusbadmoodcanaffectworkInordertogetthegreatesteffectofmusicyouareadvisedto________.A.listentosomeofBobMarley’sB.onlychooserelaxingmusicC.testallkindsofmusicD.listentoclassicrock

A.mobilephoneisnolongerjustaphone--itisalsoamusicplayervideocameraandpersonalorganizer.Andmobilephoneswithtelevisionprogrammingarejustaroundthecorner.Butthemorefunctionscellphonemanufacturersaddthegreatertheamountofpowerthephonesuseandthelesspracticalrunningthemonlithium锂batteriesbecomes--sotheracetofindaviablealternativeison.Twooftheworld'sbiggestelectronicsmakersHitachiandToshibaarecurrentlycompetingagainsteachothertocomeupwithanalternativemostlikelytobemicrofuelcells.ThetaskhasbeensetbyJapan'ssecondlargestmobilephoneproviderKDDIwhichwantsitscustomerstosoonbeabletousespecialtelevisionprogrammingontheirhandsetsandhasaskedthetwoelectronicscompaniestocomeupwithabetterpowersourcE.HitomiMurakamiofKDDIsaysbattery-operatedmobilephonescannotkeepupwiththenewapplications.We'relookingatvariouswaystoexpandcontentandservicesthatwecanprovidetothepeoplE.Andwedon'twanttohavebatteryissuesdelayingusfromdoingthathesays.Hitachi'sAtsushiMoriharasaysitisacriticalraceforbothofthecompaniesastheresultingproductwillhaveamajorimpactonthemobilemarketinthefuturE.Weareincompetitionandit'suptobothofustocomeupwithagoodproduct.A.productthatwillsatisfyKDDI'sneeds.IthinkIcangoasfartosaythatthewinnerwilltakeall.Miniaturizeddirectmethanol甲醇fuelcellsaredifferentbatteriesinthattheycreatepowerinsteadofsimplystoringit.Thatpowerismadebynewtechnologyutilizingcheapmethanol.Ifallgeestoplancome2007Japanesephoneuserswillnotuseanelectricchargertopowertheirmobilestheywillinsteadcarryasmallbottleofmethanolandwithjustafewsquirtstheywillhavepowerfortheirphones.Butthemethodhasitsdownsidesincludinghowpassengerswillbeabletotakesmallmountsofflammablemethanolonairliners.FumioUenoofToshibasaysthatoncedevelopedtheusesofminiaturizeddirectmethanolfuelcellshaveendlesspossibilities.Thelithiumbatteriesarebecomingimproperforthecellphonebecause______.A.thereisatelevisioninthephoneCitisinconvenienttouseB.itcan'tprovideenoughpowerDpeoplehavefoundsubstitutesAccordingtothepassageToshiba______.A.isincriticalcompetitionwithKDDIB.willprobablybeatitsrivalC.attachesgreatimportancetomethanolfuelD.isoneofthelargestbatteryproviderWhichofthefollowingisNOTthecharacteristicofmethanolfuel?A.EasytocatchfirE.CPortablE.B.InexpensivE.DAvailableeverywherE.Thebesttitleforthepassageis______.A.Searchforbetterphonepower.B.Developmentofcellphonebattery.C.Competitionbetweentwoelectronicfirms.D.Advantageanddisadvantageofmethanolfuel.

CAscientistwhodevelopedawaytocalculate计算howmuchwaterisusedintheproducitonofanythingformacupofcoffeetoahamburgerwasawardedthe2008StockholmWaterPrizE.ProfessorJohnAnthonyAllanoftheUniversityofLondoninBritainwontheawardforintroducingtheideaofvirtualwater虚拟水acalculationmethodthathaschangedthenatureoftradepolicyandresearch.Allanhaswrittensevenbooksandpublishedmorethan100papers.TheStockholmInternationalWaterInstitutesaidthisideaisnowembedded埋藏intheproductionoffoodsandindustrialproducts.TheinstitutesaidAllan'sworkhadmadeabigeffectonglobaltradepolicyandresearchespeciallyinwater-scarce缺水regions.Theimprovedunderstandingoftradeandwatermanagementissuesonlocalregionalandglobalscalesareofthehighestvalueforthesuccesssfulandsustainable可持续的useofwaterresourcesitsaiD.PeopledonotonlyusewaterwhentheydrinkitortakeashowertheinstitutesaiD.Behindthemorningcupofcoffeethereare140litersofwaterthatwasusedtogrowproducepackageandshipthebeans.ThatisaboutasmuchwaterasapersoninEnglandusesonaverageforalldailydrinkingandhouseholdneeds.Forasinglehamburgerabout2400litersofwaterareneedeD.InteUSAtheaveragepersonusesnearly7000litersofvirtualwatereverydayItsaidthatwasmorethanthreetimestheaverageuseofaChineseperson.64.Allanwasawardedtheprizebecause______.A.hewrotesevenbooksontradepolicyB.hepublishedmorethan100papersonwatermanagementC.hefoundanewkindofwaterinwater-scarceareasD.hecameupwiththeideaofvirtualwater65.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.TheaverageAmericanusesabout7000litersofwateraday.B.TheaverageChineseusesnearly2300litersofvirtualwateraday.C.AnEnglishmanusuallydrinksabout140litersofcoffeeaday.D.Ahamburgerusuallycontainsabout2400litersofwater.66.Whateffectdoestheideaofvirtualwaterhave?A.IthelpsusrealizetheimportanceoftradE.B.Ithelpspeopledosuccessfulbusiness.C.Ithelpsusmakeuseofwaterscientifically.D.Ittellsushowmuchwaterweuseaday.67.Whatdoestheunderlinedworditinthelastparagraphreferto?A.TheUniversityofLondon.B.ThecalculationmethoD.C.TheStockholmInternationalWaterInstitutE.D.Thetradepolicyandresearch.

BA.mosquitoisaninsectthatisfoundallovertheworlD.Therearethousandsofdifferentkindsofmosquitoesinmanydifferentsizesandcolors.Thefemalemosquitoneedsbloodfromvertebrates脊椎动物tolayeggsandproducemoremosquitoes.Shehasaspecialpartofhermouththatsheusestosuckbloodandhersalivaspitthinsthebloodsoshecandrinkit.Infact.It’sthemosquito’ssalivathatmakesthebitesitch痒!A.personwhogetsbittenbyamosquitowillnoticeawhealwhichisabumparoundthebitE.ThewhealwillberoundwithpinkorredaroundtheedgeandwhiteinthemiddlE.Thewhealwillitchalot.Soonthewhealwilldisappearbuttheitchwillstay.Ifyou’vebeenbittenbyamosquitowashthebitewithsoapandwater.Putonsomecalaminelotiontohelpstoptheitchingoranadultcanfindananti-itchcreamatthedrugstoreforyou.Placinganicepackonthebitemayalsohelp.Tellanadultyou’vebeenbittenbyamosquitoespeciallyifyouliveintheeasternUnitedStates.Butifyoudevelopanallergicreactionandfeeldizzyorsicktelladoctorimmediately.HecantreatallergicreactionswithsolemedicinE.Thebestwaytoavoidmosquitobitesistowearaninsectrepellent.RepellentsthatincludeoneoftheseingredientsarebestBEETandlemoneucalyptus.Askaparenttohelpyouapplythem.Sincemosquitoeslaytheireggsinwaterit’salsoagoodideatoemptyoutbucketsflowerpotstoysandotherthingsinyouryardthatmayhavecollectedwaterduringarainstorm.Andwhenit’spossibleyou’dbetterwearlong-sleevedshirtsandlongpantstokeepmosquitoesawayfromyourskin.60.Whatmakesyouitchafterthemosquitoes’bites?A.AbumparoundthebitE.B.Themosquito’ssalivA.C.Somecalaminelotion.D.Anantic-itchcream.61.TheunderlinedwordwhealParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto________.A.asmallmouththatcanpreventaninsectB.asmallmarkafteraninsectbitethatusuallyitchesC.anillnessafteraninsectbitethatalwaysspreadsnearbyD.anillnessfrommosquitoes’bitesandotherpollutiondiseases62.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothispassage?A.Therearethousandsofmosquitoesinthesamesizesandcolors.B.Thewhealwillneverdisappearforeverbuttheitchwilldisappearsoon.C.AskadoctorforsomemedicineifyoudevelopanallergicreactionforthebitE.D.Askaparentforaninsectrepellentifyouseemosquitoeslayingtheireggsinwater.

DAresomepeopleborncleverandothersbornstupid?Orisintelligencedevelopedbyourenvironmentandexperience?Strangelyenoughtheanswertothesequestionsisyes.Tosomeextentperson’sintelligenceisfixedatbirthwhetherornothereachesthoselimitswilldependonhisenvironment.Thisviewnowheldbymostexpertscanbesupportedinanumberofways.Itiseasytoshowthatintelligenceistosomeextentsomethingwearebornwith.ThecloserthebloodrelationshipbetweentwopeopletheclosertheyarelikelytobeinintelligencE.Thusifwetaketwounrelatedpeopleatrandom随意地fromthepopulationitislikelythattheirdegreeofintelligencewillbecompletelydifferent.Ifontheotherhandwetaketwoidenticaltwinstheywillverylikelybeasintelligentaseachother.Relationslikebrothersandsistersparentsandchildrenusuallyhavesimilarintelligenceandthisclearlysuggeststhatintelligencedependsonbirth.Imaginenowthatwetaketwoidenticaltwinsandputthemindifferentenvironments.Wemightsendoneforexampletoauniversityandtheothertoafactorywheretheworkisboring.Weshouldsoonfinddifferencesinintelligencedevelopingandthisindicatesthatenvironmentaswellasbirthplaysapart.ThisconclusionisalsosuggestedbythefactthatpeoplewholiveinclosecontactwitheachotherbutwhoarenotrelatedatallarelikelytohavesimilardegreeofintelligencE.68.Thewriterisinfavoroftheviewthatman’sintelligenceisgiventohimA.atbirthB.througheducationC.bothatbirthandthrougheducationD.neitheratbirthnorthrougheducation69.IfachildisbornwithlowintelligenceheisunlikelytoA.becomeageniussolongasheorsheworkshardenoughB.stillbecomeageniusifheshouldbegivenspecialeducationC.gobeyondhisintelligencelimitseveninrichsurroundingsD.neverreacheshisintelligencelimitsinhislife70.TheexampleofthetwinsgoingtoauniversityandtoafactoryseparatelyshowsA.theimportanceoftheirintelligenceB.theroleofenvironmentonintelligenceC.theimportanceoftheirpositionsD.thepartthatbirthplays71.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SurroundingsB.IntelligenceC.DependenceonEnvironmentD.EffectofEducation

Notverylongagoaspecialfamilysystem体系existedincertainpartsofSouthIndiA.Inthesystemtheactualheadofafamilyunitwasthemother’seldestbrotherthoughthemotheralsohadanimportantpositioninthefamily.Infamiliesofthiskindahusbandwasactuallynomorethanavisitor.HedidnotlivewithhiswifebutwithhisownmotherbrothersandsistersinanotherhousE.Hesawhissonsanddaughterssometimesbutthemanwhoactuallyfedandcaredforthemandactedastheirfatherwastheiruncle---theirmother’sbrother.ButthissysteminwhichbrothersandsisterstaketheplaceofthefathernolongerexistsinSouthIndiaexceptinafewvillages.Economic经济的changeshavehadfar-reachingeffectonfamilylifE.FamilylifebegantochangewhenmenwentouttoworkinfactoriesandofficesinsteadofworkingwiththeirmothersbrothersandsistersonthelanD.Whenamanwentouttoworkhehadmoneyofhisownandcouldbuyhisownlandandbuildhisownfamilyinsteadofdependingonhismotherandhisbrothers.Hewantedtobeindependent独立的.Thisisanexampleofthewayinwhicheconomicrelationscanhaveaneffectonfamilyrelationships.Thebesttitleofthispassageis______.A.HusbandActuallyVisitorinFamilyB.FamilySysteminSouthIndiaC.WifeHasImportantPositioninFamilyD.EconomicRelationsAffectsFamilyRelationshipsWhohadtheactualcontrolofafamilyinSouthIndianotlongago?A.Themother.B.Themother’seldestbrother.C.Thefather.D.Thefather’smother.Inthissystemthehusbandlivedtogetherwith______.A.hiswifeB.hissonsanddaughtersC.hismotherbrothersandsistersD.hiswife’sbrotherNowinSouthIndiathereare__ofthissysteminwhichahusbandhasnocontrolofhisfamily.A.nofamiliesB.manymorefamiliesC.veryfewfamiliesD.notanyfamilies

Animalscanmovefromplacetoplacebutplantscannot.Whenananimalisunderattackitcanrunawayorfightback.Plantscertainlycannotrunawayandtheylackteethandclaws.Butplantscandefendthemselvesbyusingbothphysicalandchemicalmeans.Someplantshavetheirownwaystokeepanimalsaway.Forexampletheleavesofthehollyplanthavesharpspines刺thatdiscouragegrass-eatinganimals.Hollyleavesonlowerbrancheshavemorespinesthanleavesonupperbranches.Thisisbecausethelowerleavesareeasierformostanimalstoreach.Someplantssuchastheoaktreehavethickandhardleavesthataredifficultforanimalstoeat.Somegrassesmaycontainasandymaterial;eatingsuchgrasseswearsdowntheanimal’steeth.Manyplantsalsohavechemicaldefenses.Someplantsproducechemicalsthattastebitterorcauseanunpleasantreaction.Someplantsmayfightagainstanattackbyincreasingtheproductionofthesechemicals.Whenacaterpillar毛虫bitesatobaccoleaftheleafproducesachemicalmessenger.ThismessengersendstotherootstheinformationtoproducemorenicotinE.Thehigherlevelsofnicotinediscouragethecaterpillar.Manyplantsdependonbothphysicalandchemicaldefenses.A.certainplantinChinaforinstancehasprickly多刺的leavesandeachpricklecontainspoisonousvenom毒液.A.singleexperiencewiththiskindofplantwillteachananimaltostayawayfromitinthefuturE.67.Thehollyplanthasmorespinesonthelowerleavesbecausemostanimals________.A.arenottallenoughB.likethelowerleavesonlyC.arenotcleverenoughD.cangetthelowerleaveseasily68.Todefendthemselvesoaktreesuse________.A.chemicalmeansB.physicalmeansC.bitterchemicalsD.sandymaterials69.Howdoestobaccoprotectitselfagainstanattackfromacaterpillar?A.Itsleavesfightagainsttheattackbyphysicalmeans.B.Itsrootssendamessengertodiscouragethecaterpillar.C.ItsrootsincreasetheproductionofnicotinewhenitisattackeD.D.Itsleavesproducepoisonoussandtodrivethecaterpillaraway.70.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.PlantsandAnimalsB.HowPlantsDefendThemselvesC.AttacksandDefensesD.HowAnimalsEatPlantLeaves

COOLINVENTIONSFromschooltobandPracticetheVenturiEclecticisanEarth-friendlywaytogetWhereyouwanttogo.Thisbattery-poweredzero-emissionmeaningitdoesn'tpollutetheairvehiclerunsmainlyonrenewableenergy.SolarpanelsontheEclectic'sroofabsorbsunrayswhenyou'redriving.Onwindydaysyoucanconnectamachinetothecar'sroofthatcollectsenergyfromthewindwhileyou'reparkeD.TheEclectic'stopspeedis28milesanhour;thebatterylastsfor31milesbeforeitneedstoberechargeD.Zipping迅速行进aroundtheneighborhoodhasneverbeenbetter.Here'saneco-friendlywaytotelltime:SimplyfilltheBedolWater-poweredClock'stank箱withwateraddsomelemonjuiceandtheclockwilldisplaythetimewithouttheneedforenvironmentallyharmfulbatteries.Therearetwosetsofmetalelectrodes电极insidethewatertank.Watercontainsions离子thatcarrynegativeandpositivecharges.Theseionscompleteachargebetweentheelectrodescreatingenoughenergytopowertheclock.Justrefillthetankeveryfewweeksandthisclockwillkeeponticking.BloodhoundSuperSonicCarSSCwillbethefirstcartoattempttobreakthel000-mile-an-hourbarrier.Thecurrentrecordis763milesanhour.A.conceptfornowtherocket-shapedcargetsitsinitialpushto350milesanhourfromajetenginE.ThenarocketfiresuppushingtheSSCpast1000milesanhour.Inordertokeepthecarstreamlined流线型的thedriverliesbackata45-degreeanglE.You'rehavingablastatyourfriend'sbirthdayparty.Butwhenit'stimetobringoutthecakeeveryonecrowdsaroundblockingyourview.Noworries.ThrowtheTriopsintotheairandthisclevercameracapturestheviewfromabovE.TheTriopscantakethreepicturesatonceeachfromdifferentangles.YoucanalsorecordsoundsandcommandtheTriopstostartshootingwheneverithearsthatnoisE.That'sonesmartcamerA.AccordingtothepassagetheVenturiEclectic.A.ispopularwithbusinessmenB.issuitableforalongtripC.canturnwindintoenergyD.hasonlyalittlegasemissionWhatisthecommoncharacteristicoftheVenturiEclecticandtheBedolWater-poweredClock?A.Theydon'tneedbatteries.B.TheyaredifficulttooperatE.C.Theycanbepoweredbywater.D.Theyareenvironmentallyfriendly.Theunderlinedphrasehavingablastinthelastparagraphprobablymeans.A.lookingatapictureB.enjoyingyourselfC.blowingoutacandleD.recordingsoundsWhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.TheTriopsissensitivetosounds.B.ThedriveroftheSSCmustbeofgreatsizE.C.ThecoloroftheBedolWater-poweredClockislikethatoflemon.D.TheSSCdoesn’thaveanythingtodowitharocketactually.

DolphinsandsharksareshowingupinsurprisinglyshallowwaterjustofftheFloridacoast.MulletscrabsraysandsmallfishgatherbythethousandsoffanAlabamapirer.Birdscoveredinoilarecrawlingdeepintomarshes沼泽nevertobeseenagain.MarinescientistsstudyingtheeffectsoftheBPdisaster英国石油公司漏油事件areseeingsomestrangephenomenA.FishandotherwildlifeseemtobefleeingtheoiloutintheGulfandclusteringincleanerwatersalongthecoastinatrendthatsomeresearchersseeasapotentiallytroublingsign.Theanimals'presenceclosetoshoremeanstheirusualhabitatisbadlypollutedandthecrowdingcouldresultinmassdie-offsasfishrunoutofoxygen.Alsotheanimalscouldeasilybecapturedbytheirenemies.Thenearlytwo-month-oldspill漏油hascreatedanenvironmentaldisasterinUShistoryastensofmillionsofgallonshaveflownintotheGulfofMexicoecosystem.ScientistsareseeingsomeunusualthingsastheytrytounderstandtheeffectsonthousandsofspeciesofmarinelifE.FornearlyfourhoursMondayathree-personcrewwithGreenpeacecruisedpastdelicateislandsandmangrove-dottedinletsinBaratariaBayoffsouthernLouisianA.Theysawdolphinsbythedozenfrolicking嬉戏intheoilysheen光泽andoil-tingedpelicansfeedingtheiryoung.Buttheyspottednodeadanimals.Ithinkpartofthereasonwhywe'renotseeingmoreyetisthattheimpactsofthiscrisisarereallyjustbeginningGreenpeacemarinebiologistJohnHocevarsaiD.ThecountingofdeadwildlifeintheGulfismorethananacademicexercise;thedeathswillhelpdeterminehowmuchBPpaysindamages.WhatdothemarinelifereacttotheBPdisaster?A.Birdscrawldeepintocaves.B.Dolphinsandsharksshowupindeepwater.C.TensofthousandsofmarineanimalsarefounddeaD.D.SeacreaturesfleefromoilspillgatheringnearseashorE.WhichofthefollowingisNOTrelatedtothepotentiallytroublingsign?A.Theusualhabitatofdeep-wateranimalsisbadlypolluteD.B.Manyanimalscouldbeeasilyeatenbytheirenemies.C.Massesoffishescoulddieduetolackofoxygen.D.Somedolphinsarefrolickinginmarshes.Theenvironmentaldisasterwascausedby.A.thedamageoftheMexicoGulfecosystemB.thelackofenvironmentalsenseofBPC.thenearlytwo-month-oldoilspillD.thecrowdingmarinelifeWhatisJohnHocevar’sattitudetowardsthedisaster?A.WorrieD.B.DisappointeD.C.DepresseD.D.Hesitant.Fromthepassagewecaninferthat.A.BpwillpaymuchmoneyaccordingtothenumberofdeadwildlifethereB.marinescientistshaveseensomestrangephenomenaC.thedisasterhaslittleinfluenceondolphinsD.athree-personcrewreachednoconclusion

B.A.newstudyhasclaimedthatmenreallyaremoreintelligentthanwomen.Thestudyconcludedthatmen’sIQsarealmostfourpointshigherthanwomen’s.British-bornresearcherJohnPhilippeRushtonsaysthefindingcouldexplainwhysofewwomenmakeittothetopintheworkplacE.TheOxfordUniversityreachedhisconclusionafterScrutinizingtheresultsofuniversityabilityteststakenby100000studentsaged17and18ofbothsexes.A.focusonthefactorssuchastheabilitytoquicklygraspacomplexconceptverbalreasoningskills语言推理能力andcreativity—someofthekeyfactorsofintelligence---showedthemaleteenagershadIQsthatwereanaverageof3.63pointshigher.TheaveragepersonhasanIQaround100.Thefindingswhichheldtrueforallclassesandlevelsofeducationoverturn100-yearopinionthatmenandwomenaveragethesameingeneralmentalability.Theyalsoconflict冲突withevidencethatgirlsdobetterinschoolexamsthanboys.ButProfessorRushtonarguesthatthefastermaturing成熟ofgirlsleadstothemoutshiningboysintheclassroom.46.Thereportismainlyabout________.A.astudythatshowsmenarecleverthanwomenB.theglassceilingphenomenonC.ProfessorRuston’stheoryonIQD.thedifferencebetweenmaleandfemale47.TheunderlinedwordScrutinizinginthefourthparagraphprobablymeans__________.A.makingupB.carryingoutC.examiningcarefullyD.lookingat48.Thetestsweretakenby_________.A.boystudentsaged17and18.B.100000boyandgirlstudentsaged17and18C.girlstudentsaged17and18D.100000girlstudents49.WecaninferthattheaveragewomanhasanIQof_________.A.alittlelessthan100B.100C.morethan100D.96.3750.WhichofthefollowingopinionsdoesProfessorRushtonNOTaccept?A.Men’sIQsarealmostfourpointshigherthanwomen’sB.FewwomenmakeittothetopintheworkplacE.C.Menandwomenaveragethesameingeneralmentalability.D.Thefastermaturingofgirlsleadstothemoutshiningboysintheclassroom.

CA.newageiscoming.Callitwhatyouwill:theserviceeconomytheinformationagetheknowledgesociety.Italltranslatestoafundamentalchangeinthewaywework.Alreadywe’repartlytherethepercentageofpeoplewhoearntheirlivingbymakingthingshasfallendramaticallyintheWesternWorlD.TodaythemajorityofjobsinAmericaEuropeandJapanareintheserviceindustryandthenumberisontherisE.MorewomenareintheworkforcethaneverbeforE.Therearemorepart-timejobs.Morepeopleareself-employeD.Buttherangeoftheeconomictransformationcan’tbemeasuredbynumbersalonebecauseitalsoisgivingrisetoimportantnewwayofthinkingaboutthenatureofworkitself.Long-heldideasaboutjobsandcareerstheskillsneededtosucceedeventherelationbetweenindividualsandemployers—allthesearebeingchallengeD.WehaveonlytolookbehindustogetsomesenseofwhatmaylieaheaD.Noonelookingahead20yearspossiblycouldhaveforeseenthewaysinwhichasingleinventionthechipwouldtransformourworldthankstoitsapplicationsinpersonalcomputersdigitalcommunicationsandfactoryrobots.Tomorrow’sachievementsinbiotechnologyartificialintelligenceorevensomestillunimaginedtechnologycouldproduceasimilarwaveofdramaticchanges.Butonethingiscertain:informationandknowledgewillbecomeevenmorevalidandthepeoplewhopossessitwhethertheyworkinmanufacturingorserviceswillhavetheadvantageandproducethewealth.ComputerknowledgewillbecomeasbasicarequirementastheabilitytoreadandwritE.TheabilitytosolveproblemsbyapplyinginformationinsteadofperformingroutinetaskswillbevaluedaboveallelsE.Ifyoucastyourmindahead10yearsinformationservicewillbesuperior.ItwillbethewayyoudoyourjoB.66.A.characteristicofthenewagementionedinthepassageisthat.A.theserviceindustrymainlyreliesonfemalesB.manufacturingindustriesaresteadilyincreasingC.morepeopleareintheserviceindustrythanbeforeD.theworkintheserviceindustryismorecomfortablethanthatinmanufacturingindustry67.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.People’straditionalconceptsaboutjobsneedchanging.B.TherelationbetweenemployeesandemployersisbecomingtensE.C.MorewomenthanmenareintheworkforcE.D.Part-timejobsaremorewelcomethanfull-timejobs.68.Bymentioningtheinventionofthechiptheauthormeanstosaythat.A.wehaven’tpaidenoughattentiontotheimportanceofhightechnologyB.thechipisthemostimportantinventiontodayC.thepowerofscienceandtechnologyisbeyondourimaginationD.it’sagreatchallengetoapplynewinventionstoourlife69.Wemaydrawaconclusionfromthepassagethat.A.informationwillplayagreaterroleinpeople’sworkanddailylifeinthefutureB.wecanforeseethefutureiftechnologydevelopsfastenoughC.theabilityofperformingroutinetasksgivesyouanadvantageinworkD.robotswillreplacepeopletodoalltheworkbothinmanufacturingandserviceindustries70.Theauthor’sattitudetothecomingageis.A.doubtfulB.enthusiasticC.satisfiedD.Uncertain

Researchersbelievethattheinsect昆虫isbetteratmanagingcongestion拥挤thanhumans.Antsarethemostmanytypeofanimalonearthwithbrainsthatcontainabout250000cells----thelargestamonginsects.NowanintelligenceexpertDr.DirkHelbingsaysunderstandingmoreaboutantscouldhelpsolveoneoftheheadachesofmodernlife--roadcongestion.Histeamsetupanantmotorwaywithtworoutesofdifferentwidthsfromthenesttosomesugarsyrup糖浆.Soonthenarrower更窄的routesoonbecamecrowded拥挤的.Butwhenanantreturningalongthecrowdedroutetothenestmetwithanotherantjuststartingoutthereturningantpushedthenewcomerontotheotherpath.Howeverifthereturninganthadenjoyedatrouble-freejourneyitdidnotsendthenewcomerinadifferentdirection.TheresultwasthatjustbeforeoneroutebecamecloggedtheantshadturnedtoanotherrouteandtrafficjamsneverformeD.Theresearchersalsocreatedacomputermodelofmorecomplexantnetworkswithroutesofdifferentlengths.Theteamfoundthateventhoughantsbeingsentinanotherdirectionsometimestookalongerroutetheystillgottothefoodquicklyandefficiently.Dr.HelbingoftheDresdenUniversityofTechnologyinGermanysaidthatwhileyoucannotallowcarstomeetwithtrafficcomingintheopposite相反的directionasaformoftrafficcontrolyoucoulddothenextbestthingandallowthemtocommunicatE.Hisplanistoforcecarstravelinginonedirectiontotelloncomingtrafficwhattheconditionstheyareabouttomeetwith--sotheycanavoidthatsituationifnecessary.Thefirstparagraphsuggeststhat_______.A.antshaveaspecialwaytomanagecongestionB.antsarecleverandgoodatdealingwiththetrafficjamsbecauseofdevelopedbrainC.insectsaresimilartoanimalsindealingwiththetrafficjamsbecauseofdevelopedbrainD.insectshavemoreadvantagesthanhumansTheunderlinedwordcloggedcanbereplacedby_______inthefollowingfourwords.A.cleanedB.narrowedC.crowdedD.shortenedIfanantreturnsalongcrowdedroutetothenesthowdoestheantsolvethetrafficproblem?A.Theantwillchangethedirectionofitsown.B.Theantstoppedthenewcomerfrommovingaheadandforcedthenewcomertowaittherepatiently.C.Theantcan'tdirectthenewcomer.D.Theantwillpushthenewcomertotheotherroutesotrafficjamswon'tform.What'stheadvicethatDr.Helbinggivesus?A.Thecarscannotbeallowedtocommunicatewithtrafficcomingintheoppositedirection.B.Thecarscancommunicatewithtrafficinthesamedirection.C.Thecarsthattravelinonedirectioncantelloncomingtrafficaboutthetrafficconditions.D.Weshouldbuildmoreroutesofdifferentlengthsandwidths.

Themarineenvironmentisfascinatingtostudyandworkinduetoitsbeautyrichnessandcomplexity.ItcoversthreequartersofthesurfaceoftheEarthyetweknowmoredetailaboutthesurfaceofMars.Inthepastitwasseenasbothaninexhaustibleresourceandabottomlesssinkforourwastes.Yettheincreasingpressuresofoverpopulationpollutionandthethreattoournaturalenvironmentmeanthatthereisanincreasingneedforscientistswhocanunderstandhowitallworkshowitaffectsusandhowweareaffectingitfromglobalwarmingthroughtothesmallestplankton.Fromlocalissuestoglobalconcernswenowknowthatthemarineenvironmentisinextricablylinkedtoourlivesandtoourfuturesurvival.ItisanareawheremuchremainstobediscoveredandwhereonlyamultidisciplinaryapproachcancoverthebreadthofissuestobeconfronteD.ThisistheapproachtakenonourMarineEnvironmentalSciencedegreecoursE.Thiscoursetakesamulti-disciplinaryapproachtoexploreandunderstandthemarineenvironment.Afteraninitialgroundinginbasicscienceoptionalchoicesareavailableinspecialisttopicssuchasmarineecosystemsandpollutioncoastalnavigationandoceanographyamongothers.Ournewharborsidemarinelaboratoryisusedforsomeofthespecialistlectureslaboratoryandprojectworkwhileaweek'sresidentialfieldcourseintheIsleofManprovidestrainingtopreparefortheresearchprojectconductedinyourfinalyear.ThereisanoptionaltriptoBelizeinthefinalyeartostudytropicalmarineenvironments.Fromthepassagewecaninferthat______.A.peoplewastealotofresourceB.marineenvironmentcovers3/4ofthesurfaceofMarsC.marineenvironmentisbeautifulforitssufficientresourcesD.theEarthissimilartoMarsThepresentenvironmentoftheEarthforcestheexpertsandscholarstostudy______.A.therelationshipbetweenpeople’sactionsandnaturalenvironmentB.therelationshipbetweenpeople’sactionsandpollutionC.therelationshipbetweenpeople’sactionsandoverpopulationD.therelationshipbetweenpeople’sactionsandplanktonAccordingtothepassageamulti-disciplinaryapproachiseffectivebecause_______.A.wecanchoosesomeissuesasoptionallyaswecanB.wehavepracticedtheapproachforalongtimeC.theapproachislinkedtoourfuturesurvivalD.theapproachcoversalotofproblemswewillmeetWecandividethelecturesofthecourseinto______parts.A.1B.2C.3D.4IfastudentchoosemarineEnvironmentalSciencedegreecoursehemust______.A.makelecturesabouttheissuestobeconfrontedB.providetrainingtogetreadytodoresearchprojectC.takeseveraldaysresidentialfieldintheIsletraveltoBelizetostudytropicalmarineenvironmentsAnswers:

第三部分:阅读理解共15小题每小题2分满分30分阅读下列短文从每题所给的四个选项A.B.C和D中选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑WhenIsteppedouttheplanefromMiamiintoCharlotteNorthCarolinaairportforaconnectingflighthomeIimmediatelyknewsomethingwaswrong.Lotsofdesperatepeoplecrowdedtheterminal.IquicklylearnedthatflightsheadedtotheNortheastwerecalledoffbecauseofastorm.TheearliesttheycouldgetusoutofCharlottewasTuesday.ItwasFriday.A.gateagentstoodonthecounterandshoutedDon’taskusforhelp!Wecannothelpyou!Ijoinedacrowdthatranfromterminaltoterminalinsearchofaflightout.EventuallyIfoundsixstrangerswillingtorentavanwithmE.WedrovethroughthenighttoWashingtonwhereItookatraintherestofthewaytoProvidencE.Therealproblemofcourseisthatincidentslikethishappeneverydaytoeveryonewhofliesmoreandmoreoften.ItreallygetstomethoughbecauseforeightyearsIwasontheothersideasaflightattendantforTrans-WorldAirlinesTWA.IknowthedaysaregonewhenattendantscouldbewrittenupifwedidnotputthelinesnapkinswiththeTWAlogointhelowerright-handcornerofthefirst-classdiners’trays.AsarethedayswhentherewerethreedinneroptionsonflightsfromBostontoLosAngelesineconomyclass.Whenoncestuckonatarmac机场停机坪inNewarkforfourhoursaplaneloadofpassengersgotMcDonald’shamburgersandfriesbythoughtfulnessoftheairlinE.IhaveexperiencedthedeclineofservicealongwiththerestoftheflyingpubliC.ButIbelieveeverythingwillchangelittlebylittlebecauseIrememberthedayswhentoflywastosoar翱翔.TheairlinesandtheiremployeestookprideinhowtheirpassengersweretreateD.AndIthinkthedaysaresuretocomebackonedayinthenearfuturE.1..Manypeoplecrowdedtheterminalbecause________.A.theywerereadytoboardontheplanesB.somethingwaswrongwiththeterminalC.theflightstotheNortheastwerecanceledD.thegateagentwouldn’thelpthepassengers2.HowdidthewritergettoProvidenceatlast?A.byairB.byvanC.bytrainD.byunderground3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Incidentshappenedtothosewhoflyquiteoften.B.ThewriterusedtobeaflightattendantforTrans-WorldAirlines.C.Evenasmallmistakemightcausecomplaintsfrompassengersinthepast.D.McDonald’shamburgersandfrieswereamongregulardinneroptions.4.Whatcanbeimpliedfromthepassage?A.ThewriterlivedinCharlotteNorthCarolinA.B.ThewriterthoughttheservicewasnotasgoodasitusedtobE.C.Thewriterwithotherpassengerswaitedtobepickeduppatiently.D.PassengerswouldfeelproudofhowtheyweretreatedontheplanE.

Thefollowingformshowstheresultofasurvey调查ofparentsfromfivecountrieswhowereaskedwhychildrenareimportanttothem.Theywererequiredtochoosethreemainreasonsfromsevendealingwithpersonalinterestsfamilyrelationsandsocialresponsibility责任.Eachnumberintheformisthepercentage%ofparentswhochosethatparticularitem项asoneoftheirthreereasons.ThereforethemostcommonforJapaneseparentsarestrengtheningfamilytiesItemD51%learningfromtheexperienceItemE60%andraisingresponsiblecitizensItemG45%.ItemsJapanKoreaU.S.ABritainFranceA.Toseeoneselfcontinuinginfuture3532311759B.Tokeepthefamilyline2468281726C.Toreceivecareinoldage1038878D.Tostrengthenfamilyties5125505566E.Todeveloponeselfthroughraisingone’schildren6019546935F.Toenjoyraisingone’schildren2019507139G.Toraiseresponsiblecitizens4540462815AccordingtothissurveyKoreanparentsaremostinterestedin.A.continuingtheirfamilyB.obtainingcareinoldageC.strengtheningfamilyrelationshipD.caringforraisingchildrenHowmanyitemsarechosenbyparentsofmorethantwocountriesasmainreasons?A.Two.B.ThreE.C.Four.D.FivE.Fromthepercentagesinitems_______wecanseethefollowingdifferencebetweentheAsianandtheEuropeancountries:theAsianparentswanttodevotethemselvestofuturesocietiesthroughchildren;theEuropeanparentsenjoythecourseofraisingchildren.A.B.andC.B.D.andFC.E.andFD.FandGAccordingtotheformwhichofthefollowingistrue?A.FromthemainreasonsshownintheformitseemsthatineverycountryparentsdonotexpectcarefromchildrenintheiroldagE.B.JapaneseparentssharetwooftheirmainreasonswiththeBritishandAmericanparentsandthethirdonewithKoreanparents.C.Morethanhalfoftheparentsfromeachcountrychosethereasontostrengthenfamilytiesandforeachitwasoneofthethreemainreasonsforhavingchildren.D.ThepercentageofFrenchparentsselectingthereasontoseeoneselfcontinuinginfutureisaboutashighasthatoftheothercountries.

Peopleshouldbewarnedagainstusingmobilephonesoutdoorsinstormyweatherbecausetheymaybestruckbylightningaccordingtodoctors.ThreeexpertshavedescribedhowateenagegirlwasstruckbylightningwhileusingherphoneinalargeLondonpark.Thegirlaged15recoveredbutayearlaterwasstillwheelchair-boundandfoundtobesufferingcomplexphysicalandemotionalproblems.Thegirlalsohadaperforateeardrum打孔耳膜onthesidewhereshehadbeenholdingthemobilephonE.ShewashavinggeneralrecoveryinNorthwickParkHospitalMiddlesex.SwindaEspritaseniorhouseoffi??cersaidthatwhilethebrainandmuscledamagewassimilartothatofmanylightningvictims—whocanexperienceheartattacksonbeingstruck—theearproblemswerenot.Shesaidthatthedamageswereparticularlyrelevantforpeoplewhomightbeinvolvedinlessseri??ouslightningincidentswhomightother??wiserecoverbutwouldnevergettheirfullhearingbackifstruckwhileonthephonE.WewereshockedbythedamagewhichiswhywewantedtodrawattentiontoitDrEspritsaiD.Ayearonandshestillwassufferingthesedifficulthearing.TheyaddedthatthreeothercaseshadbeenreportedinnewspapersinChinaSouthKoreaandMalaysiA.IntheMalaysiancaseasalesexecutivewaskilledbylightningwhiletalkingonhisphoneduringathun??derstormnearKualaLumpur.AlltheseeventsresultedindeaththedoctorswrotE.Thisrarephe??nomenonisapublichealthissueandedu??cationisnecessarytostresstherisk.TheAustralianLightningProtectionStandardrecommendsthatmetallicobjectsincludingcordlessormobilephonesshouldnotbecarriedout??doorsduringthunderstorms.HowevertheUnitedStatesNationalWeatherServicesaysonitswebsitethatbotharesafetousebecausethereisnodirectpathbetweenyouandthelightening.PaulTayloroftheMetOfficesaidtheearinjurieswereaconsequenceofmobilephonesbeingmetalandnotrelatedtoradiowaves.Mr.Taylorsaidthatmobilephonesshouldbetreatedasanotherpieceofmetalsimilartocarryingcoinsorwearingringsandpeopleneedtobewarnedagainstthepossi??bledanger.51.Whatdoweknowabouttheteenagegirl?A.Shewasstruckbylightningatschool.B.Shecompletelyrecoveredfrombeingstruck.C.Shestillsufferedfrommentalproblems.D.Shehadtopressherearallday.52.Itcanbeinferredthatdamagedonebylighteningwhileusingmobilephones______.A.ismoreseriousthanthatwhenoneisnotusingamobilephoneB.canbehealedquicklyexceptforheartattacksC.islessseriousbecausethevictimscanusuallyrecoverD.ismainlyinthebrainandmuscleofthevictims53.Whydiddoctorsstresstheriskaboutusingphonesoutsideinlightening?A.Becausemorepeoplearefacedwithit.B.BecausesomedeathshavebeencauseD.C.Becauselightningisharmfulforthebrain.D.BecauseateenagegirlgotkilleD.54.Wecaninferfromthelastthreeparagraphsthat______.A.bothcordlessandmobilephonesaresafetouseoutsideinlightningB.thereisnodirectconnectionbetweenlightningandearinjuriesatallC.opinionsdifferastowhetheritissafetousemobilesphonesinlightningD.earinjuriesaretheresultofcarryingcoinsorwearingringsinlightning55.Thepurposeinwritingthispassageis______.A.todrawattentiontotheriskofusingmobilephonesinlighteningB.tofocusonvariousdamagesdonetolightningvictimsC.totellusthenewsthatateenagegirlwasstruckbylightningD.tostressthedangerofmakingphonecallsinlightning

A.universitymathtutorhasdiscoveredthesciencebehindsingledomfindingthatourchancesoffindingtheperfectpartnerarejust1in285000.PeterBackusatutorattheUniversityofWarwickpublishedhisWhyIDon’tHaveaGirlfriendpaperafterathree-yearlovedrought.HisunconventionalstudyusesafamousmathformulacalledTheDrakeEquation德雷克等式whichwasfirstusedtoestimatetheexistenceofextra-terrestrial地球以外lifE.Theresultsdon'tlookpromisingforBritishsingles.30-year-oldMr.Backusfoundthatoutofthe30millionwomenintheUKonly26wouldbesuitablegirlfriendsforhim.Thedullequationtakesintoaccountthenumberofwomenaged24to34livinginhishomecityofLondonandwhoaresinglemeaninghischancesofmeetinghisdreamwomanonanightoutareslim.Theeconomicsexpertsaid:Thereare26womeninLondonwithwhomImighthaveawonderfulrelationship.SoonagivennightoutinLondonthereisa0.0000034%chanceofmeetingoneofthesespecialpeoplE.That’sa1in285000chancesoit’snotgreat.ThepuzzlingDrakeequationreads:N=R*xFpxNexFixFcxLandhelpedpioneeringscientistProfessorDraketopredictthattherecouldbe10000civilizationsinourgalaxy.Mr.Backussimplyreplacedtheoriginalequationwithhisowncriteriaforadreamdatewhichincludedthepercentageofwomenlikelytofindhimattractiveandthenumberofgirlsaged24-34inLondon.Hesaid:Theresearchmaysounddepressingtopeoplelookingforlovebutthegoodnewsforsinglesisit’sprobablynotyourfault!56.Mr.Backus’discoveryinthispassageismainlyconcernedabout______.A.whetherthereexistslifeoutofourplanetB.thepossibilityofhisbeingabletofindloveC.howtogetridofsingledomD.whatmathcandotoserveourdailylife57.WhatdoesMr.Backusthinkoftheresultofhisresearch?A.OptimistiC.B.Depressing.C.UnrealistiC.D.Exciting.58.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?A.Mr.Backus’majorresearchfieldissingledom.B.Mr.Backusfoundagirlfriendthreeyearsago.C.Mr.Backus’newthesiswillsurelybewellreceiveD.D.Mr.Backushasbeensearchingforloveforlong.59.BythegoodnewsforsinglesinthelastsentenceMr.Backusprobablymean_____.A.youdon’thavetoblameyourselfforremainingsingleB.maybethediscoveryisnotreliableatallC.theresultwasbasedonhisowncriteriaD.theremightbemoredreamdateoutofLondon60.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.ThispassagecouldbepublishedinascientificmagazinE.B.Thepassageintendstoprovethereareothercivilizations.C.Thepassagewriterdoesn’treallyunderstandtheDrakeequation.D.MostwomeninLondonarenotsuitableforuniversityteachers.

Australianshavebeenwarnedtheyfacealifeordeathdecisionovertheirwater—drinkrecycledsewage污水ordiE.Withthedrought干旱continuingthecountryissettobeforcedtousepurified净化的wastewaterfordrinkingeventhoughthereisgreatoppositiontothemeasurE.Queenslandhasbecomethefirststatetointroducethepolicyafterawarningfromitspremier.IthinkintheendbecauseofthedroughtallofAustraliaisgoingtoendupdrinkingrecycledpurifiedwatersaidPeterBeattiE.ThesearedifficultdecisionsbutyoueitherdrinkwateroryoudiE.There'snochoicE.It'sliquidgoldit'samatteroflifeanddeath.BeattiesaidAustralia'ssecondlargeststatewouldbecomethefirsttouserecycledwaterfordrinking.WaterisrecycledinBritainandpartsofnorthernEuropealongwiththeUSandIsrael.ButAustralianshaveneverlikedtheideA.TotrytochangethewayAustraliansthinkPrimeMinisterJohnHowardandEnvironmentMinisterMalcolmTurnbullhaveadheredtoQueensland'smovE.IamverystronglyforrecyclingandMr.BeattieisrightandIagreewithhimcompletelyHowardsaiD.Australiancitiesallnowfacingwatershortagesbecauseoftheworstdroughtonrecordmuststarttouserecycledwater.addedTurnbullAllofourbigcitieshavetowidentherangeofwatersourcestoincludesourceswhicharenotdependentonrainfall.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.ContinuingdroughtforcesAustralianstodrinkrecycledsewageB.AustraliansfacethechoiceoflifeanddeathC.PremierBeattieisworriedabouthispeople’shealthD.WeshouldavoiddrinkingrecycledwatertokeephealthyAccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.NobodydisagreestotheideaofdrinkingrecycledpurifiedwaterB.Australia'ssecondlargeststatehasbecomethefirststatetointroducethepolicyC.NoothercountriesbutAustraliadecidetodrinkrecycledwaterD.ThedroughtistheworstoneinthedroughtsrecordedinAustralianhistory.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.AustralianshaveneverlikedrinkingpurifiedwastewaterB.AustraliansshoulddevelopmorewatersourcestolivethroughthehardtimeC.Australianscan’tdependuponrainwaterwhichisnotsuitablefordrinking.D.AustraliangovernmenthasnoabilitytosolvetheproblemofwatershortageTheunderlinedphraseadheredtoinParagraph9probablymeans_________.A.dislikedB.goneagainstC.supportedD.doubtedItcanbeinferredfromwhatPremierPeterBeattiesaidthat________.A.hegivesorderstodrinkpurifiedwastewaterB.ItispainfulforhimtoseehispeopledrinkrecycledsewageC.Ifthedecisionismadepeoplewon’tsurvivethedroughtD.It’suptoyoutoeithermakealifeordeathdecision

BYourbodywhichhascloserelationswiththefoodyoueatisthemostimportantthingyouownsoitneedspropertreatmentandpropernourishment营养.TheoldsayingAnappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway.isnotassillyassomepeoplethink.ThebodyneedsfruitandvegetablesbecausetheycontainvitaminC.Manypeopletakeextravitaminsinpillform丸剂believingthatthesewillmakethemhealthy.ButagooddietismadeupofnourishingfoodandthisgivesallthevitaminsyouneeD.Thebodydoesn'tneedoruseextravitaminssowhywastemoneyonthem?Inthemodemwesternworldmanypeoplearetoobusytobotherabouteatingproperly.Theythrowawaythegoodhabitsandthrowanythingintotheirstomachseatinghurriedlyandcarelessly.Thelistofillnessescausedormadeworsebybadeatinghabitsisfrightening.41.Fromthefirstsentenceweknowthat________A.allkindsoffoodyoueatcanbemadeintonourishmentB.yourbodyismadeupofthefoodyoueat.C.whatyoueathasgreateffectonyourhealthD.themoreyoueatthebetteryouwillfeel42.Howdoyouunderstandtheoldsayingunderlinedinthepassage?A.Eatingapplesregularlybringslotsofbenefitstoourhealth.B.Doctorsarenolongernecessaryifweeatanappleeveryday.C.Theappleisthebestamongallkindoffruits.D.Anappleisagoodwaytocureillnesses.43.Whatcanweconcludefromthesecondparagraph?A.Ourbodiesneedfoodorwecan'tlivE.B.Ofteneatingapplesisagoodhabit.C.Takingextravitaminpillsiscompletelyuseless.D.A.gooddietisofgreatimportanceforourhealth.44.Inmodernwesterncountries________.A.peopledon'twanttopaymoreattentiontotheireatingB.lotsofpeople'sillnessesarecausedormadeworsebybadeatinghabitsC.peoplethroweverythingintotheirstomachswithoutdigestion消化D.peopleareonlytoobusytocookmealsforthemselves45.Ifwewanttokeephealthyweshould________.A.onlyeatanappleadayB.eatproperlyC.takeasmanyvitaminpillsaspossibleD.throweverythingintoourstomachsslowlyandcarefully

Whatwillpeopledieof100yearsfromnow?Ifyouthinkthatisasimplequestionyouhavenotbeenpayingattentiontotherevolutionthatistakingplaceinbio-technology生物技术.WiththehelpofnewmedicinethehumanbodywilllastaverylongtimE.Deathwillcomemainlyfromaccidentsmurderandwar.Today'sleadingkillerssuchasheartdiseasescancerandagingitselfwillbecomedistantmemory.IndiscussionoftechnologicalchangestheInternetgetsmostoftheattentionthesedays.Butthechangeinmedicinecanbetherealtechnologicaleventofourtimes.Howlongcanhumanslive?Humanbrainswereknowntodecidethefinaldeath.Cells细胞arethebasicunitsofalllivingthingsanduntilrecentlyscientistsweresurethatthelifeofcellscouldnotgomuchbeyond120yearsbecausethebasicmaterialsofcellssuchasthoseofbraincellswouldnotlastforever.ButtheupperlimitswillbebrokenbynewmedicinE.Sometimebetween2050and2100medicinewillhaveadvancedtothepointatwhichevery10yearsorsopeoplewillbeabletotakemedicinetorepairtheirorgans器官.Themedicinemadeupofthebasicbuildingmaterialsoflifewillbuildnewbraincellsheartcellsandsoon---inmuchthesamewayourbodiesmakenewskincellstotaketheplaceofoldones.ItisexcitingtoimaginethattheadvanceintechnologymaybechangingthemostbasicconditionalhumanexistencebutmanytechnicalproblemsstillmustbecleareduponthewaytothiswonderfulfuturE.56.Accordingtothepassagehumandeathisnowmainlycausedby_______.A.diseasesandagingB.accidentsandwarC.accidentsandagingD.heartdiseasesandwar57.Intheauthor'sopinontoday'smostimportantadvanceintechnologyliesin_____.A.medicineB.theinternetC.braincellsD.humanorgans58.Humansmaylivelongerinthefuturebecause______.A.heartdiseasewillbefarawayfromusB.humanbrainscandecidethefinaldeathC.thebasicmaterialsofcellswilllastforeverD.humanorganscanberepairedbynewmedicine59.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat_____.A.humanlifewillnotlastmorethan120yearsinthefutureB.humanhavetotakemedicinetobuildnewskincellsnowC.muchneedstobedonebeforehumanscanhavealongerlifeD.wehavealreadysolvedthetechnicalproblemsinbuildingnewcells.

DBeyondtwoorthreedaystheworld’sbestweatherforecastsaredoubtfulandbeyondsixorseventheyareworthless.TheButterflyEffectisthereason.Forsmallpiecesofweather—toaglobalforecastersmallcanmeanthunder—stormsandblizzards暴风雪—anypredictionbecomesworserapidly.Errorsanduncertaintiesincreasefromdustdevilsandstormsuptocontinent-sizeeddies旋涡thatonlysatellitescanseE.Themodernweathermodelsworkwithnet-likepointssixtymilesapartandevensosomestartingdatahavetobeguessedsincegroundstationsandsatellitescannotseeeverywherE.Butsupposetheearthcouldbecoveredwithsensorsplacedonefootapartrisingatone-footintervalsallthewaytothetopoftheatmospherE.Supposeeverysensorgivesperfectlyaccuratereadingsoftemperaturepressurehumidity温度andanyotherdataaweathermanwouldwant.Exactlyatnoonapowerfulcomputertakesallthedataandcalculateswhatwillhappenateachpointat12.01then12.02then12.03thecomputerwillstillbeunabletopredictwhetherPrincetonwillhavesunorrainonemonthaway.Atnoonthespacesbetweenthesensorswillhidefluctuations波动thatthecomputerwillnotknowabout.By12.01thosefluctuationswillalreadyhavecreatedsmallerrorsonefootaway.Soontheerrorswillhaveaddedtotheten-footscaleandsoonuptothesizeoftheglobE.63.Aweatherforecast____________intheworlD.A.isreliablewithinoneortwodaysB.isdoubtfulbeyond24hoursC.becomesuselessbeyondtwoorthreedaysD.isstillworthwhileinsevendays64.Usuallythereisaweathersub-station____________.A.ineverycityB.every60milesC.betweentwocitiesD.everyonefoot65.WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueA.PeoplehavenotplacedsensorsonefootapartintheatmospherE.B.ScientistshavealreadyputsensorsonefootapartintheworlD.C.Everysensorgivesperfectlyaccuratedataaweathermanwants.D.Groundweatherstationsandsatellitescanseeeveryplaceonearth.66.Ourcomputerwillnotbeabletoknowaboutfluctuationsbecause____________.A.thesensorsarenotgoodenoughB.theyarehiddenbythespacesbetweenthesensorsC.theyaretoofarawayD.theymoveveryfast

Lifeonlandprobablybeganabout430millionyearsagothoughithasexistedinthewaterforperhapsasmuchas3000millionyears.Whenwethinkofthefirstthingonlandweprobablythinkofstrangeanimalscomingoutoftheoceansbutinfactnoanimalscouldhavebeenlivingifplantshadnotbeenonlandfirst.PlantshadtobeonlandbeforeanimalsarriveD.Theysuppliedthefirstlandanimalswiththesurroundingandfoodnecessitysincetheytheplantsaretheonlyformoflifethatisabletogetandstoreenergy.Thefirstplantstoexistoutofthewaterwereprobablycertainkindsofalgae海藻whichwerefollowedbyotherplantsthatgrewclosetothegroundandneededwaterinwhichtoreproducE.Oncethemovetolandhadbeenmadehoweverevolution进化tookplacequickly.Bytheendof100millionyearsplantshaddevelopedtheirroots根andsomehadgottree-likeformssinceheightwasveryimportantingainingsunlight.About300millionyearsagomuchoftheworldwascoveredwithforestsofhugetrees.Inmostwaystheywerelikemoderntrees.Theyhadrootsleaveswoodbutmostlytheyhadnotdevelopedseeds.Themainideaofthefirstparagraphis________.A.lifeonlandprobablybegan430yearsagoB.thefirstanimalonlandcamefromoceansC.therewouldn'tbeanimalswithoutplantsD.plantsaretheonlyformoflifethatisabletogetandstoreenergyWhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Algaehasexistedformorethan430millionyears.B.ItisimpossiblethatalgaemightbetheearliestplantonlanD.C.Plantsgetfoodfromanimalsintheoceans.D.EvolutionbeganafteranimalsappearedonlanD.Plantswithrootsappearedabout________millionyearsago.A.430B.300C.330D.100Accordingtothepassage________appearedearlierthan________.A.apples;orangesB.oranges;applesC.oranges;rosesD.algae;wheat

TheMysteryoftheFlashingFirefliesDuringsummernightsfirefliesflashinthedarkness.TheylooklikebrightspotsoflightdancingonthebreezE.Catchingtheminajarforafewminutescanbefun.Firefliesarenotreallyfliesthough.Theyarewingedbeetles.ScientistsareusingthesespecialbeetlestolearnmoreaboutourworlD.ThereasonafireflyflasheditslightistofindamatE.Therearearoundtwothousandspeciesorkindsoffireflies.Firefliesmateonlywiththeirownspecies.Eachkindoffireflyhasitsownflashpattern.Itisimportantthatfirefliesrecognizethispattern.ThatwaytheycanfindbugsoftheirownkinD.ThemalefireflyfliesaroundintheskywhilethefemalefireflystaysclosetothegrounD.Formanyyearshowafireflyflashesitslightwasamystery.Scientistsnowknowthatafirefly’slightisacoldlight.Itgivesoffallofitspoweraslight.Itdoesnotproduceheat.A.normallightbulbgivesoffonlytenpercentofitspoweraslight.Therestofthepoweriswastedasheat.Thatiswhyalightbulbthathasbeenonforawhileisveryhot.Thefirefly’slightdoesnotfeelhotlikealightbulB.Scientistshavealsolearnedthatfireflieshaveasmallbuilt-inlantern.Thisspeciallanternislocatedinsideafirefly’sbody.Tocreatelightagasflowsthroughtinytubes.Thiscausesthefireflytolightup.A.fireflycanalsoturnitslightonandoffquickly.Thispuzzledscientists.Theylearnedthatshortburstsofthisgasmakethefireflyglow.Whenthegasfadesthelightgoesout.Thisprocesshappensveryquickly.Scientistsknowthatwhattheylearnfromfireflieswillbeimportant.Medicalstudiesusingfirefliesarehelpingscientistsfightillnessesinhumanbeings.Theyhavemadenewmedicinesfromthechemicalsusedbyfirefliestomakelight.Fireflieshavealsohelpedwithnewdiscoveries.Newflashlightsandflareshavebeenmadebasedonfireflies.Thesenewflashlightsandflaresproduceacoldlightlikeafirefly.ThiswayallthepowermakesthelightshinE.Thislittlebugmaybeapleasuretowatchbutitisalsoanimportantpartofourlives.WhydidtheauthormostlikelyincludeParagraph4?A.Toexplainhowfirefliesmakelight.B.Todescribedifferentkindsoffireflies.C.ToshowhowmuchpowerfirefliesusE.D.Todescribewhyfirefliesmakelight.WhichoftheseisthebestchoiceforaheadingforParagraph5?A.TheCoolLightofFirefliesB.WatchingFirefliesFlashC.UnderstandingthePatternsD.LearningfromFirefliesAccordingtothepassageafirefly’slightisdifferentfromalightbulb’slightbecausethefirefly’slight_______.A.shinesbrighterB.doesnotfadeC.lastslongerD.isnothotA.readerasksthisquestionaboutthepassage:Howmanydifferentkindsoffirefliesarethere?Whichparagraphfromthepassageanswersthequestion?A.Paragraph2B.Paragraph3C.Paragraph4D.Paragraph5Theauthormostlikelywrotethispassageinorderto__.A.tellwhyfireflieslightupB.givefactsaboutfirefliesC.showhowfireflieshelpdoctorsD.compareafireflytoalightbulb

Imaginethatthegenome基因组isabook.Thebookconsistsof23chapterswiththousandsofstoriesmadeupofparagraphswordsandlettersondifferentlevels.Thereareonebillionwordsinthebookwhichmakesitlongerthan5000volumesthesizeofthisbookoraslongas800Bibles.IfIreadthegenomeouttoyouattherateofonewordpersecondforeighthoursadayitwouldtakemeacentury.IfIwroteoutthehumangenomeoneletterpermillimetermytextwouldbeaslongastheRiverDanubE.Thisisanenormousdocument.A.hugevolumeacookbookofgreatlengthanditallfitsinsidetheextremelysmallnucleus核ofatinycellthatfitseasilyupontheheadofapin.Theideaofthegenomeasabookisnotstrictlyspeakingevenametaphor比喻Itistruetoagreatextent.A.bookisapieceofdigitalinformationwritteninone-directionalformanddefinedbyacodethattranslatesasmallalphabetoflettersintoalargedictionaryofmeaningsthroughtheorderoftheirgroupings.SoisagenomE.TheonlycomplicationisthatallEnglishbooksreadfromlefttorightwhilesomepartsofthegenomereadfromlefttorightandsomefromrighttoleftthoughneverbothatthesametimE.WhileEnglishbooksarewritteninwordsofdifferentlengthsusingtwenty-sixletters.Genomesarewrittenentirelyinthree-letterwordsusingonlyfourlettersAndinsteadofbeingwrittenonflatpagestheyarewrittenonlongchainsofDNAmolecules分子Thegenomeisaverycleverbookbecauseintherightconditionsitcanbothphotocopyitselfandreaditself.Howdohumangenomesreadaccordingtothepassage?A.Onlyfromlefttoright.B.Onlyfromrighttoleft.C.FrombothdirectionsatthesametimeD.FromonedirectionatatimeWecanlearnfromthepassagethatthehumangenome______.A.isaslongastheRiverDanubeB.canbeeasilyplacedontheheadofapinC.iscodedwithandalphabetoffourlettersD.issmartenoughtoreadandtakephotosofitselfItcanbeconcludedthatthepassageismainlywrittenfor______.A.specialistsinthefieldB.generalreadersC.naturalscientistsD.readerswithacademicbackgroundTherealpurposeoftheauthor’scomparisonofthegenometoabookis______.A.tofocusonthedifferencesbetweenthetwoB.tolayemphasisonthesimilaritiesbetweenthetwoC.tosimplifytheconceptofthehumangenomeD.togiveanexactdescriptionofthehumangenome

Thephysicalmemorydump电脑死机errorisabigproblemthataffectseventhemostadvancedcomputersystems.Althoughit'squitearareerrorit'soneofthemoststoppingwhatyou'redoingandrestartingyourcomputer—makingyouloseallyourunsaveddatA.Thisisabigproblembutthereisactuallyaveryeasywaytofixit.Therearetworeasonswhythephysicalmemorydumphappens.Thefirstisprettysimpleandistodowiththehardwareandifanyofthesepiecesarenotfitforyoursystemitwillcausethephysicalmemorydump.Soifyou'verecentlyaddedanyhardwaretoyourPCthentakethatoutandseeifitworks.Theotherreasonisyoursystemtheregistry.Theregistryisabigdatabase数据库thatoperatesinthebackgroundofWindowsstoringallsortsofsettingsandinformationaboutyourPC.Theproblemwiththeregistryisthatsinceithassomanyimportantfilesinsideit'sconstantlygothundredsoffilesopeneverytimeyouuseyourPC.AndbecausetherearesomanyfilestoopenatonceWindowsisconstantlygettingconfusedleadingittosavemanyofthesefilesinthewrongway.ThesefilesgowrongwhensavedwronglymakingthemdifficultforyourcomputertoreaD.Howeverifitcan'treadthefilesatallithasnochoicebuttostopeverythingit'sdoingandrestartyourPC.Thisiswhythephysicalmemorydumperrorappearssoeasily—becausewhenaregistryfileissowrongthatitcan'tbereadyourcomputerneedstorefreshitselfimmediately.ThislatterreasonforcausingthephysicalmemorydumpisactuallyextremelycommonandthelikelihoodisthatyourPCissufferingfromitifyou'reseeingthiserror.Luckilyit'salsoincrediblyeasytofix—youjustneedtouseasoftwaretoolcalledaregistrycleanertogothroughtheregistryandfixalltheproblemsintherE.72.Fromthetextwecaninferthat________.A.thedumperroroftenhappenstoyourPCB.thedumpcanbedealtwitheasilyC.onlytheadvancedcomputerssuffersfromtheerrorD.thedumperrorcancausethedatainyourPCtobelost73.ThereasonthatyourPChasthedumperroristhat___________.A.thethehardwarelosesitsmemoryB.yourWindowsneedstobeupgradedC.youhavesavedwrongfilesinthePCD.youhavestoredtoomanyfilesinthePC.74.What’sproblemwiththeregistrywhenyourPCgoeswrong?A.Theregistercan’treadthefilescorrectly.B.Itmustopen100fileseverytimeyouuseyourPC.C.Theregisterdoesn’tagreewiththedatabasE.D.TheregistermustsavemanyimportantfilesinsidE.75.Whatdoesaregistrycleanermeans?A.AsoftwarwhichcanhelpyousavetimE.B.AsoftwarewhichcanremoveunnecessaryfilesC.AsoftwarewhichcanrepairthemachinE.D.asoftwarewhichmakesyourPCdown.

DA.teamofscientistsprovedthatsealshadaverygoodsenseofhearing.Thesementrainedblindsealstoexpectfoodwhentheyheardsounds.Thesealsalwaysbegansnapping猛咬whenastrongsignalwassoundeD.ItwasprovedthatevenasoftsignalaconsiderabledistanceawaycouldmaketheseseaanimalsresponD.Thatshouldmakethefishermanwhomakesmuchnoisewhileworkingortalksloudlystartthinking.Thesameteamofscientistsalsotrainedsealstorecognizedifferentsounds.Onebell-tonemeantfoodtwobell-tonesmeantnofooD.Inthebeginningthesealsmademistakeswhenthetwobell-tonesweresoundeD.TheyweregivenalighttapaftereachmistakE.Thesealsweregoodlearners.Theyeasilylearnedtotellthedifferencebetweenthesounds.67.Whywasitnecessarytouseblindseals?Becausethey______.A.wereunabletousesightforcluesB.hadbetterhearingC.werewaitingtobefedD.weretheonlyanimalstobefound68.Tothosesealsstrongsignalmeant_____.A.snappingB.nothingC.foodD.alighttap69.Thearticledoesn’tsaydirectlybutsuggeststhatfishermenusuallythink______.A.sealshavenogoodsenseofhearingB.sealshavegoodsenseofhearingC.sealscanonlyrecognizebellsoundsD.sealscannothearsoftorlongdistantsounds70.Whichtitlewillbethebesttosuitthearticle?A.CleverSealsB.SmartLearnersC.AnUnderwaterSchoolD.AnUnknownSchool

TheteagardensinSriLankaareactuallylargeestates种植园.Thebestteausuallycomesfromplantsgrownonhighgroundsthecoolhilltopswithrowsandrowsofteaplants.Theplantsareaboutonemetreapart.Theplantisoftenprunedsothatitremainsonly60to90centimetreshigh.Pruningisimportantbecauseitencouragesthegrowthoftendershootsoryoungleaves.Itisfromtheseshootsthatthebestteaisgot.Practicallyalltheteapickersarewomen.Theestatesprefertoemploywomenpickersbecausetheyaremorecareful.Theirthinfingerscaneasilyremovethetwinleavesandnewshootsfromtheplantwhicharethepartsusedforprocessing加工teA.Thepickerscarrylargebasketsintowhichtheythrowtheirpickings.A.skilledworkercanharvestbetween9to14kilogrammesoftealeavesaday.Usuallynewshootscanbepickedfromtheplantsabouteverytenorfifteendays.Processingteashootsintothefamiliardrytealeavesrequiresgreatcareandskill.Therearevariousmethodsofprocessingdependingonthetypeoftearequired.Forblackteatheyounggreenleavesarefirstspreadoutoshelvestodry.Thisprocessremovesmuchofitswaterandtheleavesbecomesoft.Afterthistheleavesarepassedthroughheavyrollers.Thisoperationwillpresstheleavesforjuiceswhichgivetheteabothitscolourandtaste.Thentheleavesarespreadoutonfloorsandlefttoferment发酵underwetconditions.Fermentationdevelopstherichtasteofblacktea.Thefermentedleavesarethendriedwithahot-airbloweruntiltheybecomerolled-upblackleaves.ThefinalstepistosortandgradethembeforetheblackteaisreadyforsaletocountriesallovertheworlD.68.Inthefirstparagraphthewordpruningmeans.A.regularcuttingoftheplantsB.frequentwateringC.regularuseofchemicalsD.growingtheplantshighinthemountain69.Oneofthereasonswhywomenareemployedtodothepickingisthat.A.theyworkharderthanmendointhepickingB.theycanthrowtheirpickingsmoreeasilyintothebasketsC.theirfingersfitthembetterforthejoB.D.theycanmoreeasilyfindthetwinleaves.70.Howmanyprocessingstepsarementionedinthelastparagraph?A.ThreE.B.Four.C.FivE.D.Six.71.Whatisthewriter’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.Tointroducevariousmethodsofteaprocessing.B.TopersuadereaderstobuyteafromSriLankA.C.Totellastorythathadhappenedintheteagardens.D.Toinformreadersofteagrowingpickingandprocessing.

WeexperiencedifferentformsoftheSun’senergyeveryday.Wecanseeitslightandfeelitswarmth.TheSunisthemajorsourceofevaporation蒸发ofwaterfromtheoceansandlakes.SunlightalsoprovidestheenergyusedbygreenplantstomaketheirownfooD.Thesegreenplantsthenprovidefoodforallorganisms生物ontheEarth.MuchoftheenergythatcomesfromtheSunneverreachestheEarth’ssurfacE.ItiseitherreflectedorabsorbedbythegasesintheupperatmospherE.Oftheenergythatreachestheloweratmosphere30%isreflectedbycloudsortheEarth’ssurfacE.Theremaining70%warmsthesurfaceoftheplanetcauseswatertoevaporateandprovidesenergyforthewatercycleandweather.Onlyatinypartapproximately0.023%isactuallyusedbygreenplantstoproducefooD.ManygasesfoundintheatmosphereactuallyreflectheatenergyescapingfromtheEarth’ssurfacebacktotheEarth.ThesegasesactliketheglassofagreenhouseinthattheyallowenergyfromtheSuntoenterbutpreventenergyfromleaving.Theyarethereforecalledgreenhousegases.WhensunlightstrikesanobjectsomeoftheenergyisabsorbedandsomeisreflecteD.TheamountreflecteddependsonthesurfacE.Forexampleyou’veprobablynoticedhowbrightsnowiswhensunlightfallsonit.SnowreflectsmostoftheenergyfromtheSunsoitcontributestothelowtemperaturesofwinter.Dark-colouredsurfacessuchasdarksoilorforestabsorbmoreenergyandhelpwarmthesurroundingair.AccordingtothepassagetherootcauseforweatherchangesontheEarthis______.A.theatmospheresurroundingtheEarthB.waterfromoceansandlakesC.energyfromtheSunD.greenhousegasesintheskyOnlyasmallpartoftheSun’senergyreachestheEarth’ssurfacebecausemostofit_______________.A.absorbedbythecloudsintheloweratmosphereB.reflectedbythegasesintheupperatmosphereC.lostintheupperandloweratmosphereD.usedtoevaporatewaterfromtheoceansandlakesWelearnfromthepassagethat_______________.A.alllivingthingsontheEarthdependontheSunfortheirfoodB.aforestlooksdarkinwinterbecauseitabsorbssolarenergyC.only0.023%oftheenergyfromtheSunismadeuseofontheEarthD.greenhousegasesallowheatenergytoescapefromtheEarth’ssurface

ThePepperedMothakindofinsectisfoundinEnglanD.Itislightbrownincolorandlikestosettleontreeswhicharealsolightbrown.Thismakesthemothdifficulttobeseenandbirdsarelesslikelytonoticeandeatit.ButwiththedevelopmentofindustrysmokefromfactoriesbegantoreachthetreeswherethemothsettleD.Itmadethetreesblacker.Thensomethingverystrangetookplace:inindustrialareasthePepperedMothbegantochangecolor.Itbecamedarkeraswell.Althoughthechangetookseveralyearssomescientistssoonnoticedthatnewly-bornmothswerealittledarkerthanusual.A.scientistcalledKettleWelldecidedtomakeacarefulstudyofthis.HemarkedsomeofthelightmothsandsomeofthedarkeronesandsetthemfreeinthewoodsnearBirminghamanindustrialcity.LaterheretargetasmanythemarkedmothsaspossibleTheresultwasgiveninthechart.KettleWell’sresearchwasdoneintheearly1950s.SoonafterwardsBritainintroducednewlawstoreducesmokeandfactorypollution.CanyouimaginewhatwouldhappentothePepperedMothastheairbecamecleaneragain?lightmothsdarkermothsMothssetfree201601Mothsrecaught3416%20634%1.ThetreeswherethePepperedMothsettledchangedtheircolorbecause_____________________________.A.thePepperedMothchangeditscolorB.thePepperedMothcouldn’tbeeasilyfoundonthemC.industryinEnglanddevelopedquicklyD.thesmokefromfactoriespollutedthem2.ThePepperedMothbegantochangeitscolorinindustrialareasbecause_____________________________.A.itchangeditscolorallthetimeB.itwasfondofthecolorofitslivingplaceC.ithadtoprotectitselfbydoingsoD.itwasaspecialsortofinsect3.FromtheresultsofKettleWell’sresearchwecanseethat_________________.A.manymoreofthelightmothswerekilledoreatenB.morethanone-fifthofthelightmothsescapedbeingkilledC.threetimesasmanydarkmothswerekeptsafeaslightonesD.moredarkmothswerekilledinindustrialareas4.KettleWell’sworkgivesusagoodexampleof_________________________.A.AirPollutionB.ChoiceofColorC.LawsofNatureD.ChangingInsects5.Astheairbecamecleaner_________________________.A.thenumberofthelightmothsincreasedB.thetotalnumberofthelightmothsremainedunchangedC.moreofthedarkermothswouldberecaughtD.thedarkermothschangedintothelightonesbeforelong

Vegetablegardeningistherelaxingartandscienceofturningaloveforgrowingplantsintoaworthwhileactivity.Vegetablegardenersagreethatmanyhome-grownvegetablespickedattheirbestaresuperiortothosevegetablespurchasedfrommarkets.Fromspringthroughlatefallawell-plannedandwell-keptgardencanproveasupplyoffreshvegetablesthusincreasingthenutritionofthefamilydiet.FreezersmakeitpossibletokeepsomeofthevegetablestobeenjoyedatalaterdatE.OthervegetablescanbestoredforafewmonthsinacoolareA.Havingvegetablesinthebackyardmakeshomegardeningappealing吸收人的formanypeoplE.Inadditionvegetablegardeningprovidesexerciseandfunforbothurbanandsuburbanfamilies.AlthoughthemoneyspentforagardenmaybelittleonecannotescapethefactthatgardeningrequireshardworkandtimE.Manyofthegardeningtasksmustbeperformedattimesthataremostinconvenient.Notdoingjobsthatshouldbedoneonaregularbasismayresultinfailureandanegativefeelingtowardgardening.Oneshouldnotplantagardenthatistoolargeforhimtocarefor.A.smallwell-keptgardenismoreenjoyableandprofitablethanalargeneglectedonE.Vegetablesdowellinfullsunlightandneedatleastfiveorsixhoursofsunduringthemiddleoftheday.Toomuchshadingresultsinpoorplantsandfewvegetables.Ifpossiblethegardenshouldbenearthehousesothegardenercanworkinitatoddmoments.Soilsforvegetablesshouldbeeasilybrokenupandporous能渗透的forquickwaterdrainageandgoodaeration透气.A.deepfinesandygoodqualitysoilisbest.UsuallythehoeownerhaslittlechoiceinthesoiltypehecanchoosE.FortunatelymanyvegetablescanbegrownonpoorsoilsifthesoilsareproperlyprepareD.Home-grownvegetables___________.A.canremainstandingforalongtimeandneednotbepickedimmediately.B.havetobeeatenassoonastheyarepickedC.sellwellinthemarketbecauseoftheirgoodqualityD.pickedattherightmomentaremorenutritiousthanthoseboughtfromthemarket.Vegetablesgardeningisappealingformanypeoplebecause___________.A.itrequireslittlemoneyB.itisenjoyableandprofitableC.theycanworkinthevegetablegardenatoddmomentsD.itprovidesvegetablesforthefamilyalltheyearrounD.Theauthorsuggeststhatanidealvegetablegarden___________.A.shouldbesunnyB.shouldbewithinwalkingdistanceC.shouldbelarge-sizedD.shouldconsistofsandysoilWhichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.VegetableGardeninganEscapefromBoredomB.AnIdealVegetableGardenC.VegetableGardeningaWorthwhileActivityD.TheBestSoilforGrowingVegetables

JohnDenverhasgotinternationalfameasapopstarsongwriteractorandenvironmentalactivist环境保护者.SongslikeTakeMeHomeCountryRoadRockyMountainHighandAnnie'sSonghavebecomeverypopular.ButlessthanthirtyyearsagoJohnDenverwasayoungmanwithlittlemorethanafinevoiceaguitarandadream.Growingupinconservative保守的familyhewasnotbelievedtodropoutofcollegeandheadtoLosAngeleswherethemusicscenewasflowering.NorwashebelievedtosucceeD.InTakeMeHomeJohnDenvertalkedaboutthestorythatshapedhislifewiththestoryoftherichinnerjourneyofashyMidwesternboy.WithhonestyandclevernesshewroteabouthischildhoodthefeelingofmovingtoLosAngelesasthe60scamehisfirstluckybreakshisfirstsongwritingsuccesswithleavingonaJetPlaneandfinallygotaworldfamE.Healsowroteabouthisrelationshipwithhisfirstandsecondwifeaswellashisparentshischildrenhispartnersthroughhislifeandhisfriends.Honestandrichinthebookthatonlyanatural-bornstorytellercouldwritesowellTakeMeHomeisverygoodfromthebeginningtotheenD.It'slikespendingafewdayswithagoodfrienD.Thispassageisprobablyabout.A.abookwrittenbyJohnDenverB.thelifeandcauseofJohnDenverC.howtowritepopsongsD.whatLosAngeleswaslikeTakeMeHomeisanameof.A.afamousbookB.afolksonginLosAngelesC.awonderfulmovieD.apopsongbyJohnDenverFromthispassagewecanconcludethat.A.JohnDenver'sfamilydidn'twanthimtoleavecollegeB.heoftenhadtripswhenhewasashyboyC.hemovedtoLosAngeleswithhisparentsD.hisfamilybelievedhewouldsucceedJohnDenverwrotehissongsaboutmanythingsexcept.A.hisfirstsuccessinsongwritingB.hisfamilymembersincludinghisparentshiswivesandhischildrenC.theproblemsofenvironmentD.hislifeinlosAngeles

Recreationalpursuitscanbeapartofeverydaylife365daysayearinVancouver.WeprovideandmaintainplaygroundssportsfieldsicerinksfitnesscentersindoorandoutdoorpoolsbeachestenniscourtsgolfcoursesskateboardparksandnumerousotherwaysforanyandalltoparticipatE.Knowledgeablestaffworkhardtoprovideleisureactivitiessuitedtopeopleofeveryagecultureandability.Recreationalsomeansour23communitycentersservingallagesandsupportingawiderangeofrecreationalsocialandculturalpursuits.ProgramsincludeaerobicsartsandmanymorE.Communitycentersarecooperativelyoperatedwithpeoplelivingnearbymakingforgoodpartnershipsbetweencitygovernmentanditsresidents.CommunityArtsandCultureBenefitsofRecreationCommunityCentresRecreationProgramsRecreationforAllAccessServicesAdaptedProgramsChildcareDayCampsGetout!YouthInitiativeLeisureAccessCardprogramLACSeniorsProgramsandServicesYouthActivitiesandServicesFormsandSchedulesApplicationFormsforPicnicsandEventsLeisureGuide2008ActivitiesBasketballBeachesFitnessCentreFootballFieldsGetup&Go!Golf/pitch&PuttHorseshoesPitchesIceRinksLacrosseLawnBowlingPicnicSitesPlaygroundsPlayingFieldsRacquet/SquashCourtsRugbyFieldsSwimmingPoolsTennisCourtsVolleyballWadingPools&Water/Spray1.Thisadvertisementisintendedfor____.A.peoplelivinginnearbycitiesB.23communitycentersC.residentsofVancouverD.thegovernmentofVancouver2.FromLeisureGuide2008youmayprobablyfindinformationabout____.A.artsandcultureB.recreationprogramsC.plansandtimetableofdifferentactivitiesD.partnershipsbetweencitygovernmentanditsresidents3.Youwillprobablyclick_____tohelpyourgrandparentsfindsomeleisureactivities.A.SeniorsProgramsandServicesB.FootballFieldsC.RugbyFieldsD.AdaptedPrograms

BTwonewstudiessuggestthatmodernrunningshoescouldincreasetheriskofinjuriestorunners.Onestudyinvolvedsixty-eighthealthyyoungwomenandmenwhoranatleasttwenty-fourkilometersaweek.TherunnerswereobservedonatreadmillmachinE.Sometimestheyworerunningshoes.Othertimestheyranbarefoot.ResearchersfromtheJKMTechnologiesCompanyinVirginiatheUniversityofVirginiaandtheUniversityofColoradodidthestudy.Theyfoundthatrunningshoescreatemorestressthatcoulddamagekneeshipsandanklejointsthanrunningbarefoot.Theyobservedthattheeffectwasevengreaterthantheeffectreportedearlierforwalkinginhighheels.ThestudyappearedintheofficialscientificjournaloftheAmericanAcademyofPhysicalMedicinE.TheotherstudyappearedinthejournalNaturE.ItcomparedrunnersintheUnitedStatesandKenyA.TheresearcherswerefromHarvardUniversityinMassachusettsMoiUniversityinKenyaandtheUniversityofGlasgowinScotlanD.Theydividedtherunnersintothreegroups.Onegrouphadalwaysrunshoeless.Anothergrouphadalwaysrunwithshoes.Andthethirdgrouphadchangedtoshoelessrunning.Runnerswhowearshoesusuallycomedownheelfirst.Thatputsgreatforceonthebackofthefoot.Butthestudyfoundthatbarefootrunnersgenerallylandonthefrontormiddleoftheirfoot.Thatwaytheyeaseintotheirlandingandavoidstrikingtheirheel.Harvard’sDanielLiebermanledthestudy.Hesaysthewaymostrunningshoesaredesignedmayexplainwhythosewhowearthemlandontheirheels.Theheeloftheshoeisbiggerandheavierthanotherpartsoftheshoesoitwouldseemmorelikelytocomedownfirst.Alsotheheelgenerallyhasthickmaterialunderittosoftenlandings.60.Howmanyorganizationsareinvolvedinthetwostudies?A.ThreE.B.Four.C.FivE.D.Six.61.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Mostrunningshoesaredesignedimproperly.B.Thedesignofhighheelsisbetterthanthatofrunningshoes.C.NoonewillrunwithrunningshoesinthefuturE.D.BothofthestudiesaredoneinAmericA.62.Whydorunningshoesincreasetheriskofinjuriestorunners?A.Theycouldcreatestress.B.They’retoobigandheavy.C.TheycanaffectthewaytherunnerslanD.D.Theirheelscansoftenlandings.63.Howdidtheresearchersdothetwostudies?A.Bypractising.B.Bycomparing.C.Byquestioning.D.Byreasoning.

NationalGeographicSociety17THandMStreetsN.W.WashingtonD.C.20036U.S.A.Theyearis1991.Butjustforamomentyouwillfeelthecenturiesrollback.CloseyoureyesandyoucanalmostseeCharlemagnekneelingtoreceivehiscrownasHolyRomanEmperor.OranageingMichelangelostandinginthemiddleofrubble碎石staringatthestillunbuiltsky-sizedome圆顶大厦abovE.YouareinSt.Peter’sBasilicaheartofoneofthemostattractivenationsintheworldDearfriendEverynowandthenyouvisitaplacethatleavesalastingimpression–andmemoriesthatremainlongafteryou’vereturnedhomE.TheVaticanisoneofthoseunforgettableplaces.AsadevotedtravelerIhavealwaysbelievedthatthereisnoreplacementforbeingtherE.ThatisbeforeIsawNationalGeographic’snewvolume书卷withmyowneyes.InsidetheVaticanInsomewaysit’sbetterthanbeingtherE.TwoexperiencedGeographicstaffmembers–award-winningphotographerJamesStansfieldandwriterBartMcdowell–showyouasideoftheVaticanthatyoucouldneverseeifyouweretovisitasanordinarytourist.You’llviewsightsandtreasuresthatonlyafewareeverallowedtoobserveandhaveextraordinaryopportunitytobeclosetotheVatican’smuseumsandceremoniesandtothepeoplewholiveandworktherE.Examinethismagnificentvolume–freeinyourhomeYou’reinvitedtoreservethisattractivenewvolumenow.SimplyreturntheenclosedReservationCardandyoureditionwillbeshippedforyourfreeexamination.Sendnomoney.I’mconfidentthatonceyouseethisamazingbookyouwon’tbeabletoputitdown!INSIDETHEVATICANoffersyouandyourfamilymanyhoursofdelightandattraction.Withnoriskandnorequirementtobuywhynottakeamomentnowwhileyou’rethinkingofit–andmailtheenclosedcard?Welookforwardtohavingyoujoinusonthisunusualjourney.SincerelyMichelaEnglishP.S.Remembertoothatthisbeautifulvolumeisaperfectgiftforanyonewholovestravelhistoryorart.Butit’savailableonlybydirectorderthroughthesociety.53.Thepartbeforetheletter________.A.describesancientRomanEmperorCharlemagneB.introducesVaticanCitytheindependentstateinEuropeC.tellsaboutthefamousItalianscientistandartistMichelangeloD.givesanimaginarypictureofthegrandnessofNationalGeographicSociety54.‘DearFriend’isusedasagreetingbecausethewriter________.A.andthereaderknoweachotherverywellB.andthereaderhaveheardabouteachotherC.wouldlikethereadertotrustherD.wouldliketogettoknowthereader55.Whatthewriterintroducestothereaderisbasedonthevolume’s________.A.qualityofpresentationB.importanceofsalesC.historicalvalueD.valuetocollectors56.Thebookwillappealto________.A.therecipient接受者B.therecipienthiswifeandchildrenC.arthistoriansD.travelingsalesmen

第三部分阅读理解共20小题每小题2分满分40分阅读下列短文从每题所给的四个选项A.B.C.D中选出最佳选项AA.SubwaySuperheroWesleyAutreycan'tflybutheisstillbeingcalledareal-lifeSuperman!Lastweekthebrave50-year-oldrescuedCameronHollopeter20frombeinghitbyatrain.ThetrainwasenteringasubwaystationinNewYorkCity.Theyoungmanhadfallenfromthestation'splatformandontothetraintracksafewfeetbelow.AutreyaconstructionworkerandNavyveteran老兵waswithhistwoyoungdaughterswhenhesawHollopeterfall.Autreymadeaquickdecisionandjumpedontothetracks.HethenrolledhimselfandHollopeterintoagaporopeningbetweentherails.Autreyusedhisownbodytoprotecttheyoungman.Fiveofthetrain’scarspassedoverthetwobeforestoppingcompletely.ThetwomenwerebothunharmeD.Hollopeter’sstepmotherRachelHollopetercalledAutreyanangel.AutreyvisitedtheNewYorkFilmAcademystudentinthehospitalonWednesday.ForhisbraveryAutreywasgivenahero'swelcomeatCityHall.NewYorkCityMayorMichaelBloombergpresentedAutreywiththeBronzeMedallion铜奖章.Itisthecity'’shighestawardforachievementsbyitscitizens.MayorBloombergcalledAudreyagreatman-amanwhomakesusallproudtobeNewYorkers.AftertheceremonyatCityHallalimousine豪华轿车tookAutreytoameetingwithmultimillionairebusinessmanDonaldTrump.TrumpawardedAutreywith$10000.Theheroicfatheralsoreceived$5000fromtheNewYorkFilmAcademyatriptoDisneyWorldandoneyearoffreesubwayrides.Evenafterallthisattention;Autreystilldoesn'tseehimselfasaSuperman.Ididitoutofasplit-secondreactionAutreysaidonCBS'TheEarlyShow.AndifIhadtodoitagainIprobablywoulD.56.WesleyAutreyisstillbeingcalledareal-lifeSupermanbecauseA.hecanrescueanybodyindangerashehastheabilitytoflyB.herescuedayoungmanfrombeinghitbyarunningtrainC.heprotectedhisdaughtersfromharminasubwaystationD.hesucceededinstoppingatrainfromrunningoverapassenger57.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.WhenhesawHollopeterfallWesleyAutreywaswaitingforsomeonealonE.B.WhenhesawHollopeterfallhethoughtoveralongperiodoftimebeforehejumpedontothetracks.C.AfterhesawHollopeterfallhemadeaquickdecisionandpulledtheyoungmanoutofthetrackassoonaspossiblE.D.AfterhesawHollopeterfallhequicklymadeadecisiontoprotectHollopeterfromharm.58.InordertohonorAutrey'sbraveryNewYorkCityMayorMichaelBloomberggaveAutrey_____asarewarD.A.achequeof$10000B.alimousineC.theBronzeMedallionD.achequeof$500059.ItcanbeinferredthatifAutreymetwithanotheraccidentlikethisoneheA.wouldnotdoitagainforhewasafraidoflosinghisownlifeB.woulddoitagainforgettinganotherpieceofBronzeMedallionC.woulddoitagainsoastogetanother15000-dollarchequeasaprizeD.wouldalsodoitoutofhisownconscience

FaceslikefingerprintsareuniquE.Didyoueverwonderhowitispossibleforustorecognizepeople?Evenaskilledwriterprobablycouldnotdescribeallthefeaturesthatmakeonefacedifferentfromanother.Yetaveryyoungchild---orevenananimalsuchasapigeon---canlearntorecognizefaces.WealltakethisabilityforgranteD.WealsotellpeopleapartbyhowtheybehavE.Whenwetalkaboutsomeone’spersonalitywemeanthewaysinwhichheorsheactsspeaksthinksandfeelsthatmakethatindividualdifferentfromothers.Likethehumanfacehumanpersonalityisverycomplex.Butdescribingsomeone’spersonalityinwordsissomewhateasierthandescribinghisfacE.Ifyouwereaskedtodescribewhatanicefacelookedlikeyouprobablywouldhaveadifficulttimedoingso.Butifyouwereaskedtodescribeanicepersonyoumightbegintothinkaboutsomeonewhowaskindconsideratefriendlywarmandsoforth.Therearemanywordstodescribehowapersonthinksfeelsandacts.GordonanAmericanpsychologistfoundnearly18000Englishwordscharacterizingdifferencesinpeople’sbehavior.Andmanyofususethisinformationasabasisfordescribingortypinghispersonality.Bookwormsconservatives保守派military军人或军事的types---peoplearedescribedwithsuchterms.Peoplehavealwaystriedtotypeeachother.ActorsinearlyGreekdramaworemaskstoshowtheaudiencewhethertheyplayedthevillain’sorthehero’srolE.InfactthewordspersonandpersonalitycomefromtheLatinpersonameaningmask.Todaymosttelevisionandmovieactorsdonotwearmasks.Butwecaneasilytellthegoodguysfromthebadguysbecausethetwotypesdifferinappearanceaswellasinactions.6.Thepassagetellsthereaders______.A.howtodescribepeople’sfacesB.howtodescribepeople’spersonalityC.howtodiffergoodpersonsfrombadonesD.howtodescribepeoplebothinwardandoutward7.Whatisthepossibleroleofthewriter?A.PsychologistB.BehavioristC.WriterD.Sociologist8.Whichofthefollowingisincorrect?A.Differentpeoplemayhavedifferentpersonalities.B.PeopledifferfromeachinappearancE.C.Peoplecandescribeallthefeaturesofothers.D.Peoplecanlearntorecognizefaces.9.Itiseasiertodescribeaperson’spersonalityinwordsthanhisfacebecause______.A.aperson’sfaceismorecomplexthanhispersonalityB.aperson’spersonalityiseasilydistinguishedC.people’spersonalitiesareveryalikeD.manywordsareavailablewhenpeopletrytodescribeone’spersonality10.Peopleclassifyapersonintocertaintypeaccordingto______.A.hiswayofactingandthinkingB.hiswayofspeakingandbehavingC.hislearningandbehaviorD.hisphysicalappearanceandhispersonality

Plantslikeanimalsaresubjecttodiseasesofvariouskinds.Ithasbeenestimatedthatsome30000differentdiseasesattackoureconomicplants;fortyareknowntoattackcornandaboutasmanyattackwheat.Theresultsofuncheckedplantdiseasearealltooobviousincountrieswhichhavemarginalfoodsupplies.TheproblemwillsoonbemorewidespreadasthepopulationoftheworldincreasesatitsfrighteningratE.Evenincountrieswhicharenowamplyfedbytheiragriculturalproductstherecouldsoonbethemajorcrops;theresultingfamines饥荒couldkillmillionsofpeopleandtheresultinghardshiponothermillionscouldcausepoliticalupheavals动乱disastroustotheorderoftheworlD.Someplantshaverelativeimmunitytoagreatmanydiseaseswhileothershaveasusceptibilitytothem.Ablight萎菌病maybebutalocalinfectioneasilycontrolled;ontheotherhanditcanattackparticularplantsinawholeregionornation.AnexampleistheblightwhichkilledvirtuallyeverychestnuttreeinNorthAmericA.AnotheristhefamouspotatoblightinIrelandinthelastcentury.Asaresultofthatitwasestimatedthatonemillionpeoplediedofstarvationandrelatedailments.Plantpathologistshavemaderemarkablestridesinidentifyingthepathogensofthevariousdiseases.Bacteriamayinvadeaplantthroughaninfestationofinsectparasitescarryingthepathogen.Aplantcanalsobeinoculatedbyman.Otherdiseasesmightbecausedbyfunguswhichattackstheplantintheformofamodelorsmutorrust.FrequentlysuchaprimaryinfectionwillweakentheplantsothatasecondaryinfectionmayresultformitslackoftolerancE.Thesymptoms症状shownmaycauseanerrorindiagnosissothattreatmentmaybedirectedtowardbacteria细菌whichcouldbetheresultofasusceptibilitycausedbyaprimaryvirusinfection.Howmanydiseasesareknowntoattackwheat?A.Around30000B.FortyC.Around29960D.Around40Uncheckedplantdiseasewon'tresultin_______.A.foodshortagesinpoorcountryB.foodshortagesinrichcountryC.increaseofworldpopulationD.disasterinworldpoliticsWhatisthemainideaofthesecondparagraph?A.Someplantshaverelativeimmunitytoagreatmanydiseases.B.Someotherplantshaveasusceptibilitytoagreatmanydiseases.C.ThetoleranceofaparticularplantchangesasthegrowingconditionschangE.D.Ablightcanbeanationalinfection.Accordingtothepassagesomeplantdiseasescan__________.A.infectpeopleB.bepreventedbyinoculation接种疫苗C.bepreventedbykillinginsectsD.bepreventedbyimprovingthegrowingconditionsWhichofthefollowingwon’tcauseplantdisease?A.FungusB.MoldC.SmutD.Rust

SpecialBridgesHelpAnimalsCrosstheRoad--ReportedbySheilaCarrickWhydidthechickencrosstheroad?TogettotheothersidE.MostpeopleknowthisjokE.ButrecentlysomepeoplehavebeenmuchmoreconcernedwithhowthegrizzlybearandmountainlioncancrosstheroaD.MillionsofanimalsdieeachyearonU.S.roadstheFederalHighwayAdministrationreports.Infactonlyabout80ocelotsanendangeredwildcatexistintheU.S.today.Themainreason?Roadkill.Ecopassagesmayhelpanimalscrosstheroadwithoutbeinghitbycars.Theyarepathsbothoverandunderroads.TheseecopassagescanbeextremelyusefulsothatwildlifecanavoidhumanconflictssaidJodiHiltyoftheWildlifeConservationSociety.Butdoanimalsactuallyusetheecopassages?Theanswerisyes.PaulBeierofNorthernArizonaUniversityfoundfootmarksleftbymountainlionsonanecopassagethatwentunderahighway.ThisshowedthatthelionusedthepassagE.Buildersofsomeecopassagestrytomakethemlooklikeanaturalpartofanareabyplantingtreesonandaroundthem.Animalsseemtobecatchingon.Animalsasdifferentassalamandersandgrizzlybearsareusingthebridgesandunderpasses.ThenexttimeyouvisitaparkordrivethroughanareawithalotofwildlifelookarounD.Youmightseeananimaloverpass!Thewriterusestheexampleofocelotstoshowthat_________.A.wildanimalshavebecomemoredangerousB.thedrivingconditionshaveimprovedgreatlyC.themeasureforprotectingwildlifefailstoworkD.anincreasingnumberofanimalsarekilledinroadaccidentsFromthenewsstoryweknowanecopassageis_________.A.anundergroundpathforcarsB.afencebuiltforthesafetyoftheareaC.abridgeforanimalstogetoverariverD.apassforanimalstocrosstheroadWhenthewritersaysthatanimalsseemtobecatchingonhemeans_________.A.animalsbegintorealizethedangersontheroadB.animalsbegintolearntouseecopassagesC.animalsarecrossingtheroadingroupsD.animalsareincreasinginnumberThewriterasksvisitorsanddriverstolookaroundwhentravelingbecause_________.A.wildanimalsmayattackcarsB.wildanimalsmayjamtheroadC.theymayseewildanimalsintheparkD.theymayseewildanimalsonecopassages

Limittheuseofprivatecarsimprovepublictransportandencouragetheuseofbicyclestocontroltrafficcongestion拥挤duringthe2008OlympicsexpertsfromforeigncountriesadvisedBeijingonFriday.ProfessorNigelWilsonofthecivilandenvironmentalengineeringdepartmentofMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologysaidhewassupportivetothelimitingofprivatecarsduringtheOlympicGamessayingthatinforeigncountriesthemethodisalsoadoptedduringbigeventsbuthewasunsureabouttheapproach.ThegovernmentplannedtokeepanaverageofmorethanonemillioncarsofftheroadstoimprovetrafficflowduringtheOlympicssaidLiuXiaomingdeputydirectoroftheBeijingTrafficCommitteeattheChinaPlanningNetworkFirstUrbanTransportationCongress.SharingWilson'sviewDr.YoshitsuguHayashideanoftheGraduateSchoolofEnvironmentalStudiesofNagoyaUniversitybelievedthereductionincaruseshouldbeachievednotbybanningbutthroughincentives.Driverswhodon'tusetheirprivatecarscouldbegivenpointshesaidandthepointscouldbeexchangedforgoodsfromonlineshopping.Wetzelstressedlimitingtheuseofcompanycars.Governmentalofficialsshouldalsobeencouragedtousepublictransportationorridebicycleshesaidaddingthathehimselfisabicycle-riderinLondon.MatthewMartimodirectorofTrafficEngineeringwithCitilabssaidthebicyclewasChina'sadvantagE.LimitingprivatecarsisanideaworthtryingbutitisjustatemporarysolutionhesaiD.TherealcauseofcongestionishighdensityofpeopleinBeijingandmanyhavecars.Beijingwithapopulationof15millionishometomorethanthreemillionautomobilesandthenumberisrisingby1000aday.ProfessorWilsonsaidtheOlympicGameswasagreatopportunityforBeijingtothinkabouttrafficproblemsanddeveloptransportationaddingthatthecityhadalreadybeenmakingpublictransportmoreefficient.Beijinghaspromisedtostretchits114-kilometercityrailwayto200kilometersbeforetheopeningoftheOlympicGames.WearelookingforwardtoborrowingBeijing'sexperiencesanddrawingfromitslessonsinpreparationforthe2012OlympicssaidWetzel.51.Theunderlinedwordincentivesinparagraph4means_______.A.somethingthatencouragespeopletotryB.onlineshoppingC.pointscouldbeexchangedforgoodsD.award52.Itcanbeseenfromthepassagethat______.A.thegovernmentplannedtoforbidover1millioncarstorunontheroadsduringtheOlympics.B.banningprivatecarsisthebestwaytosolvetrafficcongestioninBeijingC.Beijingnowhas200kilometersofcityrailwayD.theuseofcompanycarswillnotbelimited53.WhydidWetzelstresshehimselfisabicycle-riderinLondon?A.Tolimittheuseofcompanycars.B.Toencouragegovernmentalofficialstousepublictransportationorridebicycles.C.Toshowthatridingbicyclesisgoodforhealth.D.Toshowthathelovesridingbicycles.54.WhichofthefollowingmaybethereasonforthetrafficcongestioninBeijing?A.The2008BeijingOlympicgames.B.ThenumberofcarsinBeijingisrisingby1000aday.C.ThelargepopulationinBeijingandthelargenumberofcars.D.PublictransportinBeijingisnotefficient.55.Thepurposeofthepassageis________.A.tolimittheuseofprivatecarsimprovepublictransportB.toencouragetheuseofbicyclestocontroltrafficcongestionduringthe2008OlympicsC.toborrowBeijing'sexperiencesanddrawfromitslessonsinpreparationforthe2012OlympicsD.totelltheadvicegivenbyforeignexpertsontrafficcongestionduring2008BeijingOlympics

SuperconductingMaterialsThestoneageTheIronAgE.Entireepochshavebeennamedformaterials.Sowhattocallthedecadesahead?Thechoicewillbetough.Welcometotheageofsuperstuff超级材料.Materialscience--oncetheleastsexytechnology–isburstingwithnewpracticaldiscoveriesledbysuperconductingceramicsthatmayrevolutionizeelectronics.Butsuperconductorsarejustpartofthepicture:fromhouseandcarstocookpotsandartificialteeththeworldwillsomedaybemadeofdifferentstuff.ExoticplasticsglassandceramicswillshapethefuturejustassurelyashavegeneticengineeringandcomputersciencE.Thekeytothenewmaterialsisresearchers’increasingabilitytomanipulatesubstancesatthemolecularlevel.Ceramicsforexamplehavelongbeenlimitedbytheirbrittleness.ButbyminimizingthemicroscopicimperfectionsthatcauseitscientistsaremakingfarstrongerceramicsthatstillretainsuchqualitiesashardnessandheatresistancE.FordMotorCo.nowusesceramictoolstocutsteel.A.firmcalledKyocerahascreatedalineofceramicscissorsandknivesthatstaysharpforyearsandneverrustorcorrodE.A.similartransformationhasovertakenplastics.High-strengthpolymersnowformbridgesice-skatingrinksandhelicopterrotors.Andonenewplasticthatgenerateselectricitywhenvibratedorpushedisusedinelectricguitarstouchsensorsforrobothandsandkaratejacketsthatautomaticallyrecordeachpunchandchop.Evenplasticlitterwhichoncethreatenedtopermanentlyblotthelandscapehasprovedamenabletomoleculartinkering.Severalmanufacturersnowmakebiodegradableforms;someplasticsix-packringsforexamplegraduallydecomposewhenexposedtosunlight.Researchersaredevelopingwaystomakeplasticsasrecyclableasmetalorglass.Besidescomposites–plasticreinforcedwithfibersofgraphiteorothercompounds–madetheround-the-worldflightofthevoyagerpossibleandhaveevenbeenprovedincombat:ahelmetsavedaninfantryman’slifebydeflectingtwobulletsintheGrenadainvasion.Someadvancedmaterialsareoldstandardwithanewtwist.Thenewestfiberoptic光学纤维的cablethatcarrytelephonecallscross-countryaremadeofglasssotransparentthatapieceof100milesthickisclearerthanastandardwindowpanE.Butnewmaterialshavenoimpactuntiltheyaremadeintoproducts.Andthattransitioncouldprovedifficultforswitchingrequireslengthyresearchandinvestment.ItcanbesaidafirmerhandleonhowtomovetocommercializationwilldeterminethesuccessorfailureofacountryinthenearfuturE.Howmanynewmaterialsarementionedinthispassage?A.TwoB.ThreeC.FourD.FiveWhydoestheauthormentiongeneticengineeringandcomputerscience?A.Tocomparethemwiththenewmaterials.B.ToshowthesignificanceofthenewmaterialsonthefutureworlD.C.Tocomparethenewmaterialstothem.D.Toexplainhisviewpoint.Whyistransitiondifficult?A.BecausetransitionrequiresmoneyandtimE.B.Becausemanymanufacturersareunwillingtochangetheirequipment.C.Becauseresearchonnewmaterialsisverydifficult.D.Becauseittakes10years.WhereliessuccessofacountryintheNewAgeofsuperstuff?A.Itliesinresearch.B.Itliesininvestment.C.Itliesininnovation.D.Itliesinapplication.

Manyanimalsrecognizetheirfoodbecausetheyseeit.Sodohumans.Whenyouseeanappleorapieceofchocolateyouknowthatthesearethingsyoucaneat.YoucanalsouseothersenseswhenyouchooseyourfooD.YoumaylikeitbecauseitsmellsgoodorbecauseittastesgooD.YoumaydislikesometypesoffoodbecausetheydonotlooksmellortasteverynicE.DifferentanimalsusedifferentsensestofindandchoosetheirfooD.A.fewanimalsdependononlyoneoftheirsenseswhilemostanimalsusemorethanonesensE.AlthoughtherearemanydifferenttypesoffoodsomeanimalsspendtheirliveseatingonlyonetypE.Thegiantpandaeatsonlyoneparticulartypeofbamboo.OtheranimalseatonlyonetypeoffoodevenwhengiventhechoicE.A.kindofwhitebutterflywillstayontheleavesofacabbageeventhoughthereareplentyofothervegetablesinthegarden.Howevermostanimalshaveamorevarieddiet.Thebeareatsfruitsandfish.Thefoxeatssmallanimalsbirdsandfruits.Thedietoftheseanimalswillbedifferentdependingontheseason.Humanshaveaveryvarieddiet.Weofteneatfoodbecausewelikeitandnotbecauseitisgoodforus.IncountriessuchasFranceandBritainpeopleeatfoodswithtoomuchsugar.Thismakesthemoverweightwhichisbadfortheirhealth.Eatingtoomuchredmeatandanimalproductssuchasbuttercanalsobebadforthehealth.ChoosingtherightfoodthereforehasbecomeanareaofstudyinmodernlifE.Wecaninferfromthetextthathumansandanimals.A.dependononesenseinchoosingfoodB.arenotsatisfiedwiththeirfoodC.choosefoodinsimilarwaysD.eatentirelydifferentfoodWhichofthefollowingeatsonlyonetypeoffood?A.Thewhitebutterfly.B.ThesmallbirD.C.Thebear.D.Thefox.Certainanimalschangetheirchoiceoffoodwhen________.A.theseasonchangesB.thefoodcolorchangesC.theymovetodifferentplacesD.theyareattractedbydifferentsmellsWecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthat_________.A.foodischosenforagoodreasonB.FrenchandBritishfoodisgoodC.somepeoplehavefewchoicesoffoodD.somepeoplecarelittleabouthealthydietWhichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.AnimalsoftenusesensestoeattheirfooD.B.Mostanimalshaveamorevarieddiet.C.AllanimalsspendtheirliveseatingonetypeoffooD.D.Thedietofbirdsandfoxwillbethesamedependingontheseason.

BAmongallthefastgrowingscienceandtechnologytheresearchofhumangenesorbiologicalengineeringaspeoplecallitisdrawingmoreandmoreattentionnow.Sometimesit’sahottopicdiscussedbypeoplE.ThegreatestthingthatgenetechnologycandoistocureseriousdiseasesthatdoctorsatpresentcanalmostdonothingwithsuchascancerandheartdiseasE.Everyyearmillionsofpeoplearemurderedbythesetwokillers.Andtodatedoctorshavenotfoundaneffectivewaytocurethem.Butifthegenetechnologyisappliednotonlythesetwodiseasescanbecuredcompletelybringinghappinessandmorelivingdaystothepatientsbutalsothegreatamountofmoneypeoplespendoncuringtheirdiseasescanbesavedthereforeitbenefitstheeconomyaswell.Inadditionhumanlifespan寿命canbeprolongeD.Genetechnologycanhelppeopletogivebirthtomorehealthyandcleverchildren.SomefamilieswiththeEnglishimperial皇帝的familybeingagoodexamplehavehereditary遗传的diseases.Thismeanstheirchildrenwillforsurehavethefamilydiseasewhichisagreattroubleforthesefamilies.Inthepastdoctorscoulddonothingabouthereditarydiseases.Butgenetechnologycansolvethisproblemperfectly.Scientistsjustneedtofindthewronggeneandcorrectitandahealthychildwillbeborn.Somepeopleareworryingthatthegeneresearchcanbeusedtomanufacture生产humanbeingsinlargequantities.Inthepastfewyearsscientistshavesucceededincloningasheep;thereforethesepeoplepredictthathumanbabieswouldsoonbecloneD.ButIbelieveclonedbabieswillnotcomeoutinlargequantitiesformostcouplesintheworldcanhavebabiesinverynormalway.Ofcoursethegovernmentsmusttakecaretocontrolgenetechnology.60.Whatdoesthesetwokillersinthesecondparagraphreferto?A.Genetechnologyandanothertreatmentofthetwodiseases.B.Thetwomurdererswhokilledtheclonedbaby.C.ThetwodiseasesofcancerandheartdiseasE.D.Hereditarydiseasesandcancer.61.What’sthemainideaofthethirdparagraph?A.Genetechnologycanhelppeopletogivebirthtoababy.B.Genetechnologycanbeusedtoclonehumanbabies.C.Howgenetechnologycanbeusedtotreathereditarydiseases.D.GenetechnologycansolvealltheproblemsoftheEnglishimperialfamily.62.Inwhatwaycangenetechnologyhelptotreathereditarydiseases?A.Genetechnologyhelpspeoplewithhereditarydiseasestolivelonger.B.Usinggenetechnologyscientistsfindthewronggeneandcorrectit.C.UsinggenetechnologyhumanbabiescanbecloneD.D.Doctorscancurecancerandheartdiseasewiththehelpofgenetechnology.63.Whatisthemainpurposeofwritingthispassage?A.Expressingthewriter'sideathatgenetechnologywillbenefitpeoplE.B.Tellingpeopletheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofgenetechnology.C.TellingthereadersthatgenetechnologywillnotbenefitpeoplE.D.Explainingthatgenetechnologywillalsodoharmtothehumanity.

ReducereuseandrecyclE.Thisfamiliarenvironmentalistslogantellsushowtoreducetheamountofrubbishthatendsupinlandfillsandwaterways.Theconceptisbeingusedtodealwithonepossiblydangerousformofwaste—electronicjunk电子垃圾suchasoldcomputerscellphonesandtelevisions.Butthisprocessformanaginge-wastemaybeusedinanunscrupulouswaymoreoftenthannotusedarecentreportsuggests.Alotofthesematerialsarebeingsenttodevelopingnationsundertheexcuseofreuse—tobridgethedigitaldividesaidRichardGutierrezapolicyresearcher.Oneoftheproblemsisthatnooneproveswhethertheseoldmachinesworkbeforetheyhittheseaways.Becauseofthisthereportsayse-wasteisagrowingprobleminLagosNigeriaandelsewhereinthedevelopingworlD.Muchofthewasteendsupbeingthrownawayalongriversandroads.Oftenit’spickedapartbypoorpeoplewhomayfacedangerousexposuretopoisonouschemicalsintheequipment.Businessmenalsopayworkersalittlemoneytogetbackmaterialssuchasgoldandcopper.Thislow-techrecoveryprocesscouldexposeworkersandthelocalenvironmenttomanydangerousmaterialsusedtobuildelectronics.AccordingtoGutierrezthisshadoweconomyexistsbecausetheexcuseofrecyclingandreusingelectronicsgivesbusinessmenagreenpassporttoshipwastearoundtheglobE.DevelopingnationsmusttakeuponsomeoftheresponsibilitythemselvesGutierrezsaiD.ButheaddedAgreaterportionofthisresponsibilityshouldfallontheexportingstatE.Chinaforexamplehasbecomeadumpingplaceforlargeamountsofe-wastE.Thenationisbeginningtotakeactiontostoptheflowofdangerousmaterialsacrossitsborders.TheChinesegovernmentaftermanyyearsofdenialisfinallybeginningtotaketheleaD.Thepassagemainlytellsusthat_______.A.developingcountriesarefacingseriousenvironmentalproblemsB.e-wasteissenttodevelopingcountriesundertheexcuseofreuseC.developingcountriesaremakingfulluseofe-wasteD.e-wasteisagrowingproblemindevelopedcountriesWhatdoesthethirdparagraphmainlydiscuss?A.A.lotofe-wasteisdumpedindevelopingcountries.B.Poorpeoplebreakupe-wastetocollectsomevaluablematerials.C.Theproblemofe-wasteisgrowingindevelopingcountries.D.OldcomputersandTVsstillworkbeforetheyaresentabroaD.TheunderlinedwordunscrupulousinParagraph1probablymeans________.A.immoralB.wrongC.proudD.unsafeFromwhatGutierrezsaidwecanlearnthat________.A.developingcountriesshouldberesponsibleforthisproblemB.exportingcountriesshouldbemainlyresponsibleforthisproblemC.neitherrichnorpoorcountriesshouldbeblamedforthisproblemD.poorcountriesshouldbeblamedforthisproblem

A.devicethatstopsdriversformfallingasleepatthewheelisabouttoundergotestingatDepartmentofTransportlaboratoriesandcouldgoonsalewithin12months.ThesystemcalledDriverAlertaimstoreducedeadlyroadaccidentsby20%-40%thatarecausedbytiredness.Airlinepilotscanalsouseittoreducethe30%ofallpilot-erroraccidentsthatarerelatedtofatiguE.DriverAlertisbasedonacomputerizedwristbanD.Thedevicewornbydriversorpilotsgivesoutasoundabouteveryfourminutesduringacarjourney.Aftereachsoundthedrivermustrespondbysqueezingthesteeringwheel方向盘.A.sensorinthewristbanddetectsthispressingactionandmeasuresthetimebetweenthesoundthedriver’sresponsE.Tirednessisdirectlyrelatedtoadriver’sresponsetimE.Usuallyawatchfuldriverwouldtakeabout400millisecondstorespondbutoncethatfallstomorethan500millisecondsitsuggeststhatthedriverisgettingsleepy.Insuchcasesthedevicegivesoutmoreregularandloudersoundsshowingthatthedrivershouldopenawindoworstopforarest.Ifthedriver’sresponsecontinuestoslowdownthesoundsbecomemorefrequentuntilanonstopalarmwarnsthatthedrivermuststopassoonaspossiblE.Thedevicehasbeendeliveredtothedepartment’slaboratoriesfortesting.Ifthesetestsscheduledforsixmonths’timearesuccessfulthemakerswillbringtheproducttomarketwithinaboutayear.AccordingtothetextDriverAlert______.A.aimstoreducetiredness-relatedaccidentsB.hasgonethroughtestingatlaboratoriesC.aimstopreventdriversformsleepingD.hasbeenonsalefor12monthsHowshouldadriverrespondtothesoundsfromDriverAlert?A.Bysoundingawarning.B.BytouchingthewristbanD.C.BycheckingthedrivingtimE.D.Bypressingthesteeringwheel.Wecanlearnformthetextthatthedriverneedstostopforabreakwhenhisresponsetimeis______.A.about400millisecondsB.below500millisecondsC.over500millisecondsD.about4minutesWhenthedrivergetssleepywhiledrivingDriverAlert______.A.movesmoreregularlyB.stopsworkingproperlyC.opensthewindowforthedriverD.soundsmorefrequentlyandloudly

EClimatehasbeenamajordriverofarmedconflictinAfricaresearchshows—andfuturewarmingislikelytoincreasethenumberofdeathsfromwar.USresearchersfoundthatacrossthecontinentconflictwasabout50%morelikelyinunusuallywarmyears.WritinginProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesPNAStheysuggestconflictariseswhenthefoodsupplyisnotenoughinwarmconditions.Climaticfactorshavebeenmentionedasareasonforseveralrecentconflicts.OneisthefightinginDarfurinSudanthathaskilled200000peopleandforcedtwomillionmorefromtheirhomes.Previousresearchhasshownanassociationbetweenlackofrainandconflictbutthisisthoughttobethefirstclearevidenceofatemperaturelink.Theresearchersuseddatabasesoftemperaturesacrosssub-SaharanAfricafortheperiodbetween1981and2002andlookedforconnectionsbetweenaboveaveragewarmthandcivilconflictinthesamecountrythatleftatleast1000peopledeaD.StudiesshowthatcropoutputintheregionisreallysensitivetosmallshiftsintemperatureevenofhalfadegreeorsoresearchleaderMarshallBurkefromtheUniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeleytoldBBCNews.OurfindingsprovidestrongmotivationtoincreaseinvestmentsinAfricanadaptationtoclimatechangebysuchstepsasdevelopingcropvarietieslesssensitivetoextremeheatandpromotinginsuranceplanstohelpprotectfarmersfromnegativeeffectsofthehotterclimatesaidDrBurkE.IftheargumentisthatthetrendtowardsrisingtemperatureswillincreaseconflictthenweneedtodosomethingaroundclimatechangebutmorefundamentallyweneedtoresolvetheconflictsinthefirstplacE.Ifthesub-SaharanclimatecontinuestowarmandlittleisdonetohelpitscountriesbetteradapttohightemperaturesthehumancostsarelikelytobeunimaginablE.Iftemperaturesriseacrossthecontinentascomputermodelsprojectfutureconflictsarelikelytobecomemorecommonresearcherssuggest.Theirstudyshowsanincreaseofabout50%overthenext20years.WhenprojectionsofsocialtrendssuchaspopulationincreaseandeconomicdevelopmentwereincludedintheirmodelofafutureAfricatemperaturerisestillemergedasalikelymajorcauseofincreasingarmedconflict.Atnextmonth'sUNclimatesummit峰会inCopenhagengovernmentsareduetodebatehowmuchmoneytoputintohelpingAfricancountriesprepareforandadapttonegativeeffectsofclimatechangE.57.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingisoneofthereasonsforthefightinginDarfurinSudan?A.Shortageofdrinkingwater.B.Racialdiscrimination.C.RisingtemperaturE.D.DemandforplantinglanD.58.WhatcanweknowfromtheresearchdonebytheUSresearchers?A.Thereisnocloserelationbetweenrainfallandconflict.B.Temperaturegreatlyaffectscropproductioninsub-SaharanAfricA.C.Temperaturewillrisebyabout50%inAfricaoverthenexttwodecades.D.WithworldcooperationconflictsinAfricawillbereducedbyhalf20yearslater.59.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Somethingmustbedonetohelpsub-Saharancountrieswithbetteradaptationtoclimatechangetoavoiddisaster.B.Conflictsinsub-SaharancountriesaresuretobeontheriseinfuturE.C.Temperatureinsub-SaharancountrieswillriseatafasterspeeD.D.Hightemperatureswillmakesub-Saharancountriesunfittolivein.60.What'sthebesttitleforthispassage?A.WorldcooperationagainstAfricanconflictB.Africa'ssufferingsfromclimatechangeC.FoodshortagesleadtoAfricanconflictD.ClimatedrivesAfricanconflict

CDisposing处理ofwastehasbeenaproblemsincehumansstartedproducingit.Asmoreandmorepeoplechoosetoliveclosetogetherincitiesthewastedisposalproblembecomesincreasinglydifficult.DuringtheeighteenthcenturyitwasusualforseveralneighboringtownstogettogethertoselectafarawayspotasadumpsitE.Residentsortrashhaulers垃圾拖运者wouldtransporthouseholdrubbishrottedwoodandoldpossessionstothesitE.PeriodicallysomeofthetrashwasburnedandtherestwasburieD.Theunpleasantsightsandsmellscausednoproblembecausenobodylivedcloseby.Factoriesmillsandotherindustrialsitesalsohadwastetobedisposedof.Thoselocatedonriversoftenjustdumpedtheunwantedremainsintothewater.Othersbuilthugeburnerswithchimneystodealwiththeproblem.Severalfactsmakethesechoicesunacceptabletomodernsociety.ThefirstproblemisspacE.Dumpswhicharenowcalledlandfillsaremostneededinheavilypopulatedareas.SuchareasrarelyhaveemptylandsuitableforthispurposE.Propertyiseithertooexpensiveortooclosetoresidentialneighborhoods.Longdistancetrashhaulinghasbeenacommonpracticebutoncefarmareasarerefusingtoacceptrubbishfromelsewherecheaplandwithintruckingdistanceofmajorcityareasisnonexistent.Awareness意识ofpollutiondangershasresultedinmorestrictrulesofwastedisposal.PollutionofriversgroundwaterlandandairisapricepeoplecannotlongerpaytogetridofwastE.Theamountofwastehowevercontinuestogrow.Recyclingeffortshavebecomecommonplaceandmanytownsrequiretheirpeopletotakepart.Eventhemostefficientrecyclingprogramshowevercanhopetodealwithonlyabout50percentofacity'sreusablewastE.64.Themostsuitabletitleforthispassagewouldbe_______.A.PlacesforDisposingWasteB.WastePollutionDangersC.WaysofGettingRidofWasteD.WasteDisposalProblem65.Duringthe18thcenturypeopledisposedtheirwasteinmanywaysexceptfor_______.A.buryingitB.recyclingitC.burningitD.throwingitintorivers66.Whatcanbeinferredfromthethirdparagraph?A.Farmareaswillcontinueacceptingwastefromthecityinmodernsociety.B.Thereischeaplandtoburywasteinmodernsociety.C.Itisdifficulttofindspacetoburywasteinmodernsociety.D.WaystodealwithwasteinmodernsocietystaythesamE.67.Themainpurposeofwritingthisarticleisto_______.A.drawpeople'sattentiontowastemanagementB.warnpeopleofthepollutiondangerswearefacingC.callonpeopletotakepartinrecyclingprogramsD.tellpeopleabetterwaytogetridofthewaste

Technologyistheapplication应用ofknowledgetoproduction.ThankstomoderntechnologywehavebeenabletoincreasegreatlytheefficiencyofourworkforcE.Newmachinesandnewmethodshavehelpedcutdowntimeandexpensewhileincreasingoveralloutput.Thishasmeantmoreproductionandahigherstandardofliving.FormostofusinAmericamoderntechnologyisthoughtofasthereasonwhywecanhavecarsandtelevisionsets.Howevertechnologyhasalsoincreasedtheamountoffoodavailabletousbymeansofmodernfarmingmachineryandanimalbreedingtechniquesandhasextendedourlifespanvia通过medicaltechnology.Willmankindcontinuetolivelongerandhaveahigherqualityoflife?Inlargemeasuretheanswerdependsontechnologyandourabilitytouseitwidely.Ifwekeepmakingprogressaswehaveoverthepastfiftyyearstheanswerisdefinitelyyes.Theadvancementoftechnologydependsuponresearchanddevelopmentandthelateststatistics统计showthattheUnitedStatesiscontinuingtopumpbillionsofdollarsannually每年intosuchefforts.Sowhilewearerunningoutofsomescarceresources少的资源wemaywellfindtechnologicalsubstitutes代用品formanyofthemthroughourresearchprograms.Thereforeinthefinalanalysisthethreemajorfactorsofproductionlandlaborandcapitalareallinfluencedbytechnology.Whenweneednewskillsontechniquesinmedicinepeoplewillstartdevelopingnewtechnologytomeetthoseneeds.AsequipmentprovestobesloworinefficientnewmachineswillbeinventeD.Technologyrespondstoourneedsinhelpingusmaintainourstandardofliving.1.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ThedefinitionoftechnologyB.ModerntechnologyC.TheapplicationoftechnologyD.Thedevelopmentoftechnology2.Whichisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Moderntechnologyisthekeytotheimprovementofstandardofliving.B.Thethreemajorfactorsofproductionlandlaborandcapitalareallinfluencedbytechnology.C.Technologyistheresponsetoourneeds.D.TheUnitedStatesismakinggreateffortstoadvanceitstechnology.3.Accordingtothepassagepeoplecanlivealonglifewiththehelpof_______.A.higherqualityoflifeB.medicaltechnologyC.modernfarmingmachineryD.technologicalsubstitute

ENomatterhowlongyourlifeisyouwillatbestbeabletoreadonlyafewbooksofallthatHavebeenwrittenandhefewyoudoreadshouldincludethebest.ItistobeexpectedthattheselectionswillchangeovertimE.Yetthereisasurprisinguniformity一致inthelistswhichrepresentthebestchoicesofanyperioD.Whatarethesignsbywhichwemayrecognizeagreatbook?ThefourIwillmentionmaynotbealltherearebuttheyaretheonesI’vefoundmostusefulinexplainingmychoicesovertheyears.GreatbooksareprobablythemostwidelyreaD.Theyarenotbetsellersforayearortwo.Buttheyarelonglastingones.GoneWiththeWindhashadrelativelyfewreaderscomparedtotheplaysofShakespeareorDonQuixotE.ItwouldbereasonabletoestimatethatHomerIliad伊利亚特hasbeenreadbyatleast25000000peopleinthelast3000years.Greatbooksarepopularnotpedantic书生气的.Theyarenotwrittenbyspecialistsaboutspecialtiesforspecialists.Whethertheyarephilosophyorscienceorhistoryorpoetrytheytreatofhumannotacademicproblems.Theyarewrittenformennotprofessors.Toreadatextbookforadvancedstudentsyouhavetoreadanelementarytextbookfirst.Butthegreatbookscanbeconsideredelementaryinthesensethattheytreattheelementsofanysubjectmatter.Theyarenotrelatedtooneanotherasaseriesoftextbooksgradedindifficultyorinthetechnicalityoftheproblemswithwhichtheydeal.GreatbooksarealwayscontemporarythemostreadableandinstructivE.GreatbooksdealwiththepersistentlyunsolvedproblemsofhumanlifE.Therearegenuinemysteriesintheworldthatmarkthelimitsofhumanknowingandthinking.Greatmindsacknowledgemysterieshonestly.Wisdominsstrengthenednotdestroyedbyunderstandingitslimitations.72.WhichisNOTthestandardinthefollowingwhenevaluatingagreatbook?A.AlthoughnotabestselleritmustbethemostwidelyreaD.B.ItcanbereadwithoutmuchrelevantknowledgE.C.GreatbooksareneveroutofdatE.D.Greatbookswillnotdisappointyou.73.AccordingtotheauthorGoneWiththeWindis.A.suretoenjoyalargenumberofreadersinthelongrunB.dislikedbyreaderswholikeShakespeareC.notagreatbookbecauseofthefewreadersD.readmoreoftenthanDonQuixote74.Afterreadingthepassagewecaninferthat.A.differentperiodshavedifferentlistsofgreatbooksbecausetherearemanybooksforpeopletochoosefromB.ifyoudon’treadanelementarytextbookyoumayhavedifficultyinunderstandinginunderstandinganadvancedoneC.HomerIliadmustbeabestsellerwhenitcameoutD.greatbooksoftendealwithunsolvedproblemsofhumanlifeforthewritershaveconfidenceinsettlingthem75.Thebesttitleforthispassageis.A.GreatBooksinYourLifeB.GreatBooksinYourSpecialtyC.HowtoFindaGreatBookD.WhatIsaGreatBook

CJohnSteinbeckoncesaidAllAmericansbelievetheyarebornfishermen.Foramantoadmittoadistasteinfishingwouldbelikedenouncing公开指责mother–loveorhatingmoonlight.Ican’tsaythatI’mthebiggestJohnSteinbeckfan.ActuallytheonlythingIcaneverrememberreadingbyhimwasThepearlwhenIwasinmiddleschoolbutIcouldn’tagreemorewiththemanwhenitcomestofishing.WhetherIamonaboatinthemiddleoftheLayLakefishingofftheshoresoftheFloridaKeysfortarpon大海鲢orcatchingrainbowtrout红鲭鱼intheShoshoneRiverofWyomingfishingismylifE.AccordingtotheAmericanSportsFishingAssociationthefishingindustrybringsinmorethan$116billionperyearfromfishermenacrossthecountry.Thoughabeautifulpicturetoimaginefishingismuchmorethanthat.Fishingisawayoflifeformanypeopleandawaytoescapeeverydaystress.BeingafishermanmakesmeamemberofawonderfulgroupofpeopleextendingtoallwalksoflifE.EvenPresidentBushcanbefoundfishingonhisfarminTexaswithhisgoodfriendRolandMartinwhenthejobgetstoostressful.IcanrememberfishingwithmygrandfatherwhenIwas5yearsoldonhisboatatLakeMitchell.AlthoughIdidn’tunderstandwhatIdoing.Ididknowthatmygrandfatherwashappyandthatmademehappy.SincethenI’vespentthepast16yearsontheriversandlakesofAlabamA.AfterdaysofpracticebeforeandafterworkIslowlydevelopedanunderstandingoffishing.Myboss.RicHorsttookmebacktotheShoshoneandImanagedtobringina19–inchcutthroattrout.FishingwithRicwasalife–changingexperienceformE.Henotonlyshowedmyhowtofishcorrectlybutalsotoldmehowfishingcouldbeawaytoescapeyourproblems.Sincethenprime–time黄金时间seasonseemstotakeforevertoarrivE.NowwiththeendingofFebruaryandbeginningofMarchinsighttheexcitementofheadingoutLakeTuscaloosaorLakeLurleenbeforeclassesandcatchingsomethinghasfinallyreturneD.51.WhatJohnSteinbecksaidinthefirstparagraphimpliesthat________.A.Americansarebelievedtobetheoffspring后代offishermenB.itisunthinkableforanAmericantoadmithisdislikeoffishingC.allAmericansareexpertatfishingD.thosewhodislikefishingwouldnotlovetheirmother52.Thewritercametounderstandtherealmeaningoffishing________.A.whenhewasreadingThepearlbyJohnSteinbeckB.whenhewentfishingwithhisgrandfatheratLakeMitchellC.afterhehadspent16yearsontheriversandlakesofAlabamaD.afterhewentfishingwithhisbossRicHorstontheShoshone53.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Theauthorisatmost21yearsolD.B.TheauthorregardsfishingasaveryimportantpartinhislifE.C.TheauthoragreedwithJohnSteinbeckthemostwhenhewasinmiddleschool.D.PresidentBushoftengoesfishinginpublicinordertocollectideaforhisjoB.54.Accordingtotheauthor__________.A.peoplecangettoknowVIPswhenfishing.B.peoplecansmoothawayallthetroublesbyfishingC.FishingisawayofcommunicationD.FishingisawaytomakealivingformostAmericanpeople55.Whatisthepurposeofthewriting?A.Todescribethewriter’sexperienceandunderstandingoffishing.B.ToexplainthereasonwhysomanyAmericanslikefishing.C.Tomakeothersunderstandtheindustryoffishing.D.Toexpresshisopinionsaboutfishingindifferenttimeoftheyear.

Manyanimalsrecognizetheirfoodbecausetheyseeit.Sodohumans.Whenyouseeanappleorapieceofchocolateyouknowthatthesearethingsyoucaneat.YoucanalsouseothersenseswhenyouchooseyourfooD.YoumaylikeitbecauseitsmellsgoodorbecauseittastesgooD.YoumaydislikesometypesoffoodbecausetheydonotlooksmellortasteverynicE.DifferentanimalsusedifferentsensestofindandchoosetheirfooD.A.fewanimalsdependononlyoneoftheirsenseswhilemostanimalsusemorethanonesensE.AlthoughtherearemanydifferenttypesoffoodsomeanimalsspendtheirliveseatingonlyonetypE.Thegiantpandaeatsonlyoneparticulartypeofbamboo.OtheranimalseatonlyonetypeoffoodevenwhengiventhechoicE.A.kindofwhitebutterflywillstayontheleavesofacabbageeventhoughthereareplentyofothervegetablesinthegarden.Howevermostanimalshaveamorevarieddiet.Thebeareatsfruitsandfish.Thefoxeatssmallanimalsbirdsandfruits.Thedietoftheseanimalswillbedifferentdependingontheseason.Humanshaveaveryvarieddiet.Weofteneatfoodbecausewelikeitandnotbecauseitisgoodforus.IncountriessuchasFranceandBritainpeopleeatfoodswithtoomuchsugar.Thismakesthemoverweightwhichisbadfortheirhealth.Eatingtoomuchredmeatandanimalproductssuchasbuttercanalsobebadforthehealth.ChoosingtherightfoodthereforehasbecomeanareaofstudyinmodernlifE.Wecaninferfromthetextthathumansandanimals_________.A.dependononesenseinchoosingfoodC.choosefoodinsimilarwaysB.arenotsatisfiedwiththeirfoodD.eatentirelydifferentfoodWhichofthefollowingeatsonlyonetypeoffood?A.Thewhitebutterfly.C.Thebear.B.ThesmallbirD.D.Thefox.Certainanimalschangetheirchoiceoffoodwhen___________.A.theseasonchangesC.theymovetodifferentplacesB.thefoodcolorchangesD.theyareattractedbydifferentsmellsWecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthat__________.A.foodischosenforagoodreasonC.somepeoplehavefewchoicesoffoodB.FrenchandBritishfoodisgoodD.somepeoplecarelittleabouthealthydiet

阅读下面短文简要回答问题BaloneyisakindofsausagethatmanyAmericanseatoften.ThewordalsohasanothermeaninginEnglish.Itisusedtodescribesomething—usuallysomethingsomeonesays—thatisfalseorwrongorfoolish.BaloneysausagecomesfromthenameoftheItaliancityBolognA.Thecityisfamousforitssausageamixtureofsmokedspicedmeatfromcowsandpigs.ButboloneysausagedoesnottastethesameasbeeforporkalonE.Somelanguageexpertsthinkthisdifferenttasteisresponsibleforthebirthoftheexpressionbaloney.Baloneyisanideaorstatementthatisnothinglikethetruth...inthesamewaythatbaloneysausagetastesnothinglikethemeatthatisusedtomakeit.Baloneyisawordoftenusedbypoliticianstodescribetheideasoftheiropponents.Theexpressionhasbeenusedforyears.FiftyyearsagoaformergovernorofNewYorkStateAlfredSmithcriticizedsomeclaimsbyPresidentFranklinRooseveltaboutthesuccessesoftheRooseveltadministration.SmithsaidNomatterhowthinyousliceititisstillbaloney.A.similarwordhasalmostthesamemeaningasbaloney.ItevensoundsalmostthesamE.Thewordisblarney.ItbeganinIrelandabout1600.ThelordofBlarneycastlenearCorkagreedtosurrenderthecastletoBritishtroops.Buthekeptmakingexcusesforpostponingthesurrender.Andhemadethemsoundlikeverygoodexcusesthisisjustmoreofthesameblarney.TheIrishcastlenowisfamousforitsBlarneystonE.Kissingthestoneisthoughttogiveapersonspecialpowersofspeech.OnewhohaskissedtheBlarneystonesothestorygoescanspeakwordsofpraisesosmoothlyandsweetlythatyoubelievethemevenwhenyouknowtheyarefalsE.73.Findinthepassageawordclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedwordbaloney.74.AccordingtoAmericanswhatdoesbaloneyreferto?回答词数不超过8个75.WhatdoyouknowaboutthelordofBlarneycastlenearCork?回答词数不超过6个

EInmanysocietiesthereisoftengreateracceptanceoflightskinthandarkskin.Lightskinmaybeseenasamarkofbeautyintelligenceandsuccess.Thesebeliefscanleadtosocialpressureevenwithinthesameracialgroup.Asaresultmoreandmorepeoplewithdarkskinareusingskin-lighteningproductseveniftheymayfacehealthrisks.Manypeoplebelievethathavingwhiterskinwillimprovetheirlives.Theythinktheywillhaveabetterchanceofgettingajobormarryingintoabetterfamily.Ortheywanttolooklikewhattheirsocietygenerallyconsidersbeautiful.Somebeautycareproductscontainchemicalsthatmakeskinlighter.Thisprocessisalsocalledbleaching漂白.Butsomeofthechemicalsareextremelydangerous.Onechemicalhasbeenlinkedtokidney肾damageandsomekindsofcancer.Italsocauseslowbirthweightinbabieswhenusedbymothers-to-bE.Atfirstbleachingproductsmaketheskincolorlighter.Butafterlong-termusetheycancauseproblems.Thechemicalsintheproductsblockandbreakdownthenaturalprocessthatgivescolortoskin.Theskinlosesitsnaturalbarriertoprotectagainstsunlight.ThentheskincanbecomethickanddiscoloreD.UsuallythepersonwillusemoreoftheproductinanefforttocorrecttheproblembutthisonlymakesitworsE.FatimataLytreatsskinproblemsintheSenegalesecapitalDakar.DoctorLysaysskinbleachinghasbecomeaproblemthroughoutSenegal.Shesaysthechemicalsarenowmoredangerousbecausetheyarestronger.SomecaseshaveresultedinblackenedfingernailsinfectionsandpermanentskindamagE.Andthesearenottheonlyrisks.ExpertssaysomepeoplewhochangetheirskincolorsufferemotionaldamagE.Theyfeelregretandsadness.Theyfeelthatinsteadofriskingtheirhealththeyshouldhavelearnedtoloveandaccepttheirskincolorasitwas.72.Whyhasskinlighteningbecomepopularallovertheworld?A.Therearemanywaystohelpchangeskincolor.B.ManypeoplewithdarkskinhavenoconfidencE.C.Lightskinseemstobringmoreadvantagesthandarkskin.D.Peoplewithdarkskinarefacingthepressurefromtheirfamily.73.Accordingtothepassagepeopleusingbleachingproductswouldrisk_____A.thinnerskinB.lowweightC.lungcancerD.emotionaldamage74.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutbleachingproducts?A.Someofthemcontaindangerouschemicals.B.Theywillnotmaketheskincolorlighter.C.TheymaycauseskindamagE.D.Theyarelikelytobringhealthrisks.75.Thewriter'sattitudetowardusingbleachingproductsis________.A.supportiveB.positiveC.uncertainD.negative

AfteranextradayinspacethecrewofDiscoveryreturnedtoEarthlandingatEdwardsAirForceBaseinCaliforniaearlyonTuesdaymorning.TheshuttleanditscrewspenttwoweeksinspacemostofitaboardtheInternationalSpaceStation.ItwasthefirstflightofNASA'sspaceshuttlefleetsinceFebruary2003whentheshuttleColumbiacameapartwhilereenteringEarth'satmospherE.NASAofficialsdelayedDiscovery'sreturnforonedaybecauseofcloudyweatherinFloridawheretheshuttlewassupposedtolanD.OnTuesdaymorningmissioncontrollersdirectedDiscoverytoalandingsiteinCaliforniawheretheskieswereclear.ThecrewmemberswillhavetowaituntilWednesdaytoseetheirfamilieswhentheyallmeettogetherinHoustonattheJohnsonSpaceCenter.Discoveryhadaverybusymissioninspacecomparedtopastmissions.ThespaceshuttledockedwiththeInternationalSpaceStationmostofthejourneydeliveringbadlyneededsuppliesandrepairingdamagedparts.Thecrewspentalotoftimetestingnewrepairtechniquesontheirownshuttleconductingthreedifferentspacewalkswhereastronautsexitthespaceshuttletodoworkoutside.OnthethirdspacewalkastronautSteveRobinsonwentunderneaththeshuttletoremovematerialstickingoutfrombetweenthespacecraft'sprotectivetiles.TherewereconcernsinthelastremainingdaysofDiscovery'smissionthatatornheatblanket—anothershieldagainstoverheatinginthespaceshuttle—mayposeaproblemtocrewmembers.NASAofficialsandtechniciansworkedonwaysthatthecrewcouldfixtheproblembutlaterdecideditwasnotarisk.WiththeshuttleanditscrewsafelybackonfirmgroundNASAishailingthismissionlabeledSTS114asahugesuccess.Ihopethisshowspeoplethatwe'recomingbackNASAspaceflightchiefBillReaddysaidafterDiscovery'ssuccessfullanding.We'vegotsomemoreworktodo.Weknowwhatweneedtodoandwe'lldoit.Whichofthefollowingisn'tincludedinthejobsoftheshuttleDiscovery?A.DeliveringsuppliestotheInternationalSpaceStation.B.Conductingdifferentspacewalks.C.Testingnewrepairtechniques.D.FindingthecausewhytheshuttleColumbiacameapart.ButforthecloudyweathertheshuttleDiscoverywouldhavelanded_______.A.inFloridaadayearlierB.inFloridaadaylaterC.inCaliforniaadayearlierD.inCaliforniaadaylaterWhichisthemostprobableperiodoftimethatDiscoverywasaboardtheInternationalSpaceStation?A.Sixdays.B.Twoweeks.C.Ninedays.D.Twoweeksandanextraday.

Withonlyabout1000pandasleftintheworldChinaisdesperatelytryingtoclone克隆theanimalandsavetheendangeredspecies物种.That’samovesimilartowhataTexasA.&MUniversityresearchershavebeenundertakingforthepastfiveyearsinaprojectcalledNoah’sArk.Noah’sArkisaimedatcollectingeggsembryos胚胎semenandDNAofendangeredanimalsandstoringtheminliquidnitrogen.IfcertainspeciesshouldbecomeextinctDr.DuaneKraemeraprofessorinTexasA.&M’sCollegeofVeterinaryMedicinesaystherewouldbeenoughofthebasicbuildingblockstoreintroducethespeciesinthefuturE.Itisestimatedthatasmanyas2000speciesofmammalsbirdsreptileswillbecomeextinctinover100years.ThepandanativeonlytoChinaisindangerofbecomingextinctinthenext25years.ThisweekChinesescientistssaidtheygrewanembryobyintroducingcellsfromadeadfemalepandaintotheeggcellsofaJapanesewhiterabbit.Theyarenowtryingtoimplanttheembryointoahostanimal.TheentireprocedurecouldtakefromthreetofiveyearstocompletE.Thenucleartransfer核子移植ofonespeciestoanotherisnoteasyandthelackofavailablecapableofbeingusedpandaeggscouldbeamajorproblemKraemerbelieves.Theywillprobablyhavetodoseveralhundredtransferstoresultinonepregnancyhavingababy.Ittakesalongtimeandit’sdifficultbutthiscouldbegroundbreakingscienceifitworks.TheyarecertainlynotputtinganylivepandasatrisksoitisworththeeffortaddsKraemerwhoisoneoftheleadersoftheProjectatTexasA&Mthefirst-everattemptatcloningadog.Theyaretryingtodosomethingthat’sneverbeendoneandthisisverysimilartoourworkinNoah’sArk.We’rebothtryingtosaveanimalsthatfaceextinction.Icertainlyappreciatetheireffortandthere’salotwecanlearnfromwhattheyareattemptingtodo.It’saresearchthatisverymuchneedeD.TheaimofNoah’sArkprojectisto_______.A.makeeffortstoclonetheendangeredpandasB.saveendangeredanimalsfromdyingoutC.collectDNAofendangeredanimalstostudyD.transferthenuclearofoneanimaltoanotherAccordingtoProfessorKraemerthemajorproblemincloningpandaswouldbethelackof_______.A.availablepandaeggsB.hostanimalsC.qualifiedresearchersD.enoughmoneyThebesttitleforthepassagemaybe_______.A.China’sSuccessinPandasCloningB.TheFirstClonedPandaintheWorldC.ExploringthePossibilitytoClonePandasD.China—theNativePlaceofPandasForeverFromthepassageweknowthat_______.A.KraemerandhisteamhavesucceededincloningadogB.scientiststrytoimplantapanda’seggintoarabbitC.KraemerwillworkwithChinesescientistsincloneresearchesD.abouttwothousandofspecieswillprobablydieoutinacentury

SpecialBridgesHelpAnimalsCrosstheRoad—ReportedbySheilaCarrickWhydidthechickencrosstheroad?TogettotheothersidE.MostpeopleknowthisjokE.Butrecentlysomepeoplehavebeenmuchmoreworriedabouthowthegrizzlybear灰熊andmountainlioncancrosstheroaD.MillionsofanimalsdieeachyearonUSroadstheFederalHighwayAdministrationreports.Infactonlyabout80ocelotsanendangeredwildcatexistintheUStoday.Themainreason?Roadkill.Ecopassages生态通道mayhelpanimalscrosstheroadwithoutbeinghitbycars.Theyarepathsbothoverandunderroads.TheseecopassagescanbeextremelyusefulsothatwildlifecanavoidroadaccidentssaidJodiHiltyoftheWildlifeProtectionSociety.Butdoanimalsactuallyusetheecopassages?Theanswerisyes.PaulBeierofNorthernArizonaUniversityfoundfootmarksleftbymountainlionsonanecopassagethatwentunderahighway.ThisshowedthatthelionsusedthepassagE.Buildersofecopassagestrytomakethemlooklikeanaturalpartofanareabyplantingtreesonandaroundthem.Animalsseemtobecatchingon.Animalsasdifferentassalamanders火蜥蜴andgrizzlybearsareusingthebridgesandunderpasses.ThenexttimeyouvisitaparkordrivethroughanareawithalotofwildlifelookarounD.Youmightseeananimaloverpass!Thewriterusestheexampleofocelotstoshowthat________.A.wildanimalshavebecomemoredangerousB.thedrivingconditionshaveimprovedgreatlyC.themeasureforprojectingwildlifefailstoworkD.anincreasingnumberofanimalsarekilledinroadaccidentsFromthenewsstoryweknowanecopassageis________.A.anundergroundpathforcarsB.afencebuiltforthesafetyoftheareaC.abridgeforanimalstogetoverariverD.apathforanimalstocrosstheroadWhenthewritersaysthatanimalsseemtobecatchingonhemeans________.A.animalsbegintorealizethedangersontheroadB.animalsbegintolearntouseecopassagesC.animalsarecrossingtheroadingroupsD.animalsareincreasinginnumberThewriterasksvisitorsanddriverstolookaroundwhentravelingbecause________A.wildanimalsmayattackcarsB.wildanimalsmayjamtheroadC.theymayseewildanimalsintheparkD.theymayseewildanimalsonecopassages

Spacetravelisdefinitelybadforastronauts’bonesreducingtheirbonedensity密度afteronlyamonthofweightlessnessaccordingtoFrenchresearchpublishedonFriday.LaurenceVicoandhisfellowworkersatStEtienneUniversitycalledformoreresearchintotheeffectsofmicrogravityaftertheirstudyof15astronautsfromtheRussianMIRstationshowedbonelosscontinuedthroughoutspaceflights.BonelosswasespeciallystrikinginfourastronautsthescientistsreportedintheLancetMedicalJournal.TheymeasuredthebonemineraldensityBMDofbonesintheforearm前臂andlowerlegoftheastronautswhohadspentonetosixmonthsinspacE.TheBMDlosswassignificantinthetibia胫骨ofthelowerlegaweight-bearingbonebutbarelychangedintheradius桡骨oftheforearm.Ourresultsindicatetheneedtoinvestigatenotonlydifferentbonesbutalsodifferentareasofthesamebonesincenotallsitesoftheskeleton骨架aresimilarlyaffectedbyspaceconditionstheyaddeD.Withoutgravitythebodyisn’tbearinganyweightsothereisnoneedforcalcium钙whichmakesbonesstronganditbecomesemptyintothebloodstream.Theresearchteamsuggestedinfuturescientistsshouldtrytodetermineifthelossofbonedensitywasonlyonweight-bearingbonesonlongerflightsalsothepossiblerecoveryafterreturningtoEarth.1.FrenchscientistsdidtheirresearchonRussianastronautsbecause_______.A.theyonlycaredfortheRussianastronautsB.theywerenotinterestedintheirownastronautsC.theRussiangovernmentinvitedthemtodotheirresearchD.theRussianastronautsworkedinspaceforalongtime2.Scientistshavefoundthat_______.A.theBMDlossmaycauseseriousillnesstoastronautsB.theBMDlossmaycausesomechangeinastronauts’bodiesC.astronautsshouldn’tcareabouttheBMDlossD.astronautsshouldtakesomecalciumbeforespacetravel3.WhatcausetheBMDlosstoastronautsaccordingtothispassage?A.ThefoodtheyeatinspacE.B.ThedrinkstheytakeinspacE.C.ThetemperatureinspacE.D.ThegravityinspacE.4.Inthethirdparagraphthewordstrikingmeans______.A.unusualB.simpleC.weakD.slow

Goodnewsforgamelovers―atankgamehascomeoutrecently.InthisgameyouareinatankandthescreenshowsyourviewofthelandscapeoutsidE.Yougainpointsbyshootingenemytankssupertanksmissiles导弹andflyingsaucers飞碟.Expertplayerscangainscoresofaround150000pointsatthisgamE.TogetahighscoreyouhavetodestroytwentytanksasquicklyaspossiblE.Afterthisthesupertanksmissilesandflyingsaucersappear.Theseareworthfarmorepointsthantheordinarytanks.Howeverthenumberoftanksyouhavetodestroybeforethesupertanksappearvariesondifferentmachines.Trytogetclosetoanenemytankfromthesideorthebacksoitcannotshootatyou.Thenwhenyougetcloseturntofaceitlineitupinyoursightsandfirebeforeitturnstoshootatyou.Ifyoumissoraretooslowquicklyescapebymovingoutoftheenemy'slineoffirE.YoucanthenmovearoundtheenemyandcomeinfromanothersidE.WhenasupertankappearstrytodestroyitasquicklyaspossiblE.Thenwaitsafelybehindanobstacle障碍物foramissileorflyingsaucer.Thecubesareusefulobjectstohidebehindasyoucanfireoverthemwithoutexposingyourselftodanger.ThemissileswillflystraightatyoubuttheyaredifficulttohitsodonotshootatthemuntiltheyarequiteclosE.Thesaucersaremucheasiertohitbutdonotfollowthemasyouwillbeopentoattackfromenemytanks.60.Thispassageisan/a______aboutagamE.A.instructionB.liberationC.traditionD.construction61.Ifyouhidebehindthecubesduringanattackwhichofthefollowingmaynothappen?A.AvoidingbeingexposedtodangerB.DestroyingamissileC.FiringovermissilesorflyingsaucersD.Beinghitbyamissile62.Ifyoucandestroyasupertankmissileorflyingsauceryouwillget_____.A.manymorepointsB.amachinetoplaywithC.anordinarytankD.nothing63.Fromthelastsentencewecanseethatyouarelikelytobeattackedbytanksifyou_____.A.hitaflyingsaucerB.runafteraflyingsaucerC.firestraightatamissileD.shootatenemytanks

SportsshoesthatworkoutwhethertheirownerhasdoneenoughexercisetowarranttimeinfrontofthetelevisionhavebeendevisedintheUK.Theshoes—namedSquareEyes—containanelectronicpressuresensorandatinycomputerchiptorecordhowmanystepsthewearerhastakeninaday.A.wirelesstransmitter传话器passestheinformationtoareceiverconnectedtoatelevisionandthisdecideshowmucheveningviewingtimethewearerdeservesbasedontheday’sefforts.ThedesignwasinspiredbyadesiretofightagainsttherapidlyballooningwaistlinesamongBritishteenagerssaysGillianSwanwhodevelopedSquareEyesasafinalyeardesignprojectatBrunelUniversitytoLondonUK.Welookedatcurrentissuesandchildhoodoverweightreallystoodoutshesays.AndIwantedtotacklethatwithmydesign.Onceachildhasuseduptheirdailyallowancegainedthroughexercisethetelevisionautomaticallyswitchesoff.AndfurthertimeinfrontoftheTVcanonlybeearnedthroughmoresteps.Swancalculatedhowexerciseshouldtranslatetotelevisiontimeusingtherecommendeddailyamountsofboth.Healthexpertssuggestthatachildtake12000stepseachdayandwatchnomorethantwohoursoftelevision.Soevery100stepsrecordedbytheSquareEyesshoesequalspreciselyoneminuteofTVtimE.Existingpedometers计步器normallyclipontoabeltorslipintoapocketandkeepcountofstepsbymeasuringsuddenmovement.Swansaysthesecanbeeasilytrickedintorecordingstepsthroughshaking.Buthershoehasbeenbuilttobeharderforlazyteenagerstocheat.Itispossiblebutitwouldbealotofeffortshesays.Thatwasoneofmymaindesignconsiderations.AccordingtoSwanthepurposeofherdesignprojectisto________.A.keeparecordofthestepsofthewearerB.dealwithoverweightamongteenagersC.enablechildrentoresistthetemptationofTVD.preventchildrenfrombeingtrickedbyTVprogramsWhichofthefollowingistrueofSquareEyesshoes?A.Theyregulateachild’seveningTVviewingtimE.B.Theydetermineachild’sdailypocketmoney.C.Theyhaveraisedthehotissueofoverweight.D.Theycontaininformationofthereceiver.Whatisstressed强调byhealthexpertsintheirsuggestion?A.Theexactnumberofstepstobetaken.B.TheprecisenumberofhoursspentonTV.C.TheproperamountofdailyexerciseandTVtimE.D.ThewayofchangingstepsintoTVwatchingtimE.Comparedwithothersimilarproductsthenewdesign________.A.makesitdifficultforlazyteenagerstocheatB.countsthewearer’sstepsthroughshakingC.recordsthesuddenmovementofthewearerD.sendsteenagers’healthdatatothereceiverWhichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SmartShoesDecideonTelevisionTimeB.SmartShoesGuaranteeMoreExerciseC.SmartShoesMeasureTimeofExerciseD.SmartShoesStopChildhoodOverweight

TherearewarmtropicalregionsallovertheglobebutonlytheIndiansoftheSouthAmericanrainforestshaveformedthehabitofsleepingintheopenair.Longbeforetheymadepainfulacquaintance相识withEuropeanstheyhadinventedsomethingthatwasuniqueonearth:thehammock.Nobodyreallyknowswhofirsthadthebrightideaofmakingsleepingintheairthesymbolofuntroubledrest.TheIndiansseethehammockasagiftofheaven上天somethinggiventothemaverylongtimeago.InittheIndianspassawayhotnoonhoursnappingorchatting.Swingingittoandfro来回摆动createsacoolingbreathofairandkeepsawayinsects.TheyworkandplayinhammocksarebornanddietherE.Hunglikeasuspensionbridgebetweenheavenandearthahammockisdrywhilethesoilisdampandissafefrommostwildanimals.Hammockshavetheadvantageoverbedsinthattheyareeasytotransportandtakeupverylittlespacewhentheyhavebeenrolledup卷起.Indiansnevergoonajourneywithouttheirhammocksnoteventotheirplantations.76.Thewordhammockinthispassagemeans_______.A.asuspensioncagewhichcanbeswungtoandfrointheairB.aseathangingbytworopesfromthebranchofatreeC.asuspensionbridgeintheSouthAmericanrainforests.D.anethungbetweentwosupportsandusedasabeD.77.Whenwasthehammockinventedandbywhom?A.TheIndianshadinventedthehammocklongbeforetheycametoSouthAmericA.B.TheIndianshadinventedthehammocklongbeforetheEuropeanscametoSouthAmericA.C.TheEuropeansinventedthehammockaftertheymadeacquaintancewiththeIndians.D.TheEuropeanshadinventedthehammockbeforetheywenttoSouthAmericA.78.Indiansswingthehammockto_______.A.praytoheavenforagiftB.keepawayfliesmosquitoesandotherinsectsC.keepawaywildanimalsD.allasleepquickly79.Accordingtothepassagehammocks_______.A.cannotberolledupB.aredifficulttotransportC.areneverbroughttotheplantationsD.canbekeptdrywhilethegroundiswet80.Thepassageisabout_______.A.theIndianwayoflivingB.tropicalregionsC.Indians'giftfortheEuropeansD.aportablebed

Althoughmanhasknownasbestosformanyhundredsofyearsitwasnotuntil160yearsagothatitwasminedforthefirsttimeontheNorthAmericancontinent.H.W.JohnsownerofaNewYorkCitySupplyShopforrooferswasresponsiblefor对负责theopeningofthatfirstminE.Mr.JohnswasgivenapieceofasbestoswhichhadbeenfoundinItaly.Heexperimentedwiththematerialandthenshoweditssurprisingpowerstohiscustomers.Afterputtingonapairofasbestosgloveswhichlookedmuchlikeordinaryworkgloveshetookred-hotcoalsfromthefireplaceandplayedwiththeminhishands.Howastonishedthecustomersweretodiscoverthathewasnotburnedatall.Youcanwellimaginethathehadincreasingbusinessinasbestosroofingmaterials.HoweverbecauseitwasveryexpensivetotransportcarrythemfromItalytotheUnitedStatesMr.JohnssentoutayoungscientisttoseekasourcenearerhomE.Thisyoungmanfoundgreatvein岩脉intheprovinceofQuebecinCanadA.Eversince1881Quebechasledtheworldintheproductionofthisunusualmineralwhichismadeupofmagnesiumsiliconironandoxygen.WhenitisminedtheasbestosisheavyjustasyouwouldexpectamineraltobE.Whenitisseparatedastrangethinghappens;therockbreaksdownintofinesoftsoapyfibres纤维.Scientistsdonotknowwhytherockcanbeseparatedeasilyintothreads线buttheyhavefoundthousandsofusesofthisfireproofmaterialoftheso-calledclothofstone.1.Whichtitlebestexpressesthemainideaofthispassage?A.AsbestosminedinCanadaB.FireproofmatterC.A.wondermineralD.A.newroofingmaterial2.Johnsprovedhisabilityasasalesmanby_______.A.goingintoroofingbusinessB.carryingasbestosfromItalyC.sendingatrainedscientistD.showingtheuseofasbestosgloves3.Whichisthemostimportantcharacterofasbestosthattheauthorwantstoshowus?A.ItislikethreaD.B.Itfeelssoapy.C.Itburnseasily.D.Itisunusuallyheavy.4.Theauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthispassagewasto_______.A.showtheneedformorescientistsB.compareasbestoswithothermineralsC.increasethesalesofasbestosD.presentfactsaboutasbestos

Intheatmospherecarbondioxideactsratherlikeaone-waymirrorortheglassintheroofofagreenhousewhichallowsthesun'sraystoenterbutpreventstheheatfromescaping.Accordingtoaweatherexpert'spredictiontheatmospherewillbe3℃warmerintheyear2050thanitistodayifmancontinuestoburnfuelsatthepresentratE.Ifthiswarminguptookplacetheicecapsinthepoleswouldbegintomeltthusraisingsealevelseveralmetresandseverelyfloodingcoastalcities.Alsotheincreaseinatmospherictemperaturewouldleadtogreatchangesintheclimateofthenorthernhemisphere北半球possiblyresultinginanalterationoftheearth'schieffoodgrowingzones.Inthepastconcernaboutaman-madewarmingoftheearthhasconcentratedontheArcticbecausetheAntarcticismuchcolderandhasamuchthickericesheet.ButtheweatherexpertsarenowpayingmoreattentiontoWestAntarcticwhichmaybeaffectedbyonlyafewdegreesofwarminginotherwordsbyawarmingonthescalethatwillpossiblytakeplaceinthenextfiftyyearsfromtheburningoffuels.SatellitepicturesshowthatlargeareasofAntarcticicearealreadydisappearing.TheevidenceavailablesuggeststhatawarminghastakenplacE.Thisfitsthetheorythatcarbondioxidewarmstheearth.Howevermostofthefuelisburntinthenorthernhemispherewheretemperaturesseemtobefalling.Scientistsconcludethereforethatuptonownaturalinfluencesontheweatherhavegonebeyondthosecausedbyman.Thequestionis:Whichnaturalcausehasmosteffectontheweather?Onepossibilityisthevariablebehaviorofthesun.Astronomersatoneresearchstationhavestudiedthehotspotsandcoldspotsthatistherelativelylesshotspotsonthesun.Asthesunrotates使旋转every27.5daysitpresentshotterorcolderfacestotheearthanddifferentaspectstodifferentpartsoftheearth.Thisseemstohaveaconsiderableeffectonthedistributionoftheearth'satmosphericpressureandconsequentlyonwindcirculation.Thesunisalsochangeableoveralongterm:itsheatoutputgoesupanddownincyclesthelatesttrendbeingdownwarD.ScientistsarenowfindingsharedrelationsbetweenmodelsofsolarweatherinteractionsandtheactualclimateovermanythousandsofyearsincludingthelastIceAgE.TheproblemisthatthemodelsarepredictingthattheworldshouldbeenteringanewIceAgeanditisnot.Onewayofsolvingthistheoreticaldifficultyistoassumeadelayofthousandsofyearswhilethesolareffectsovercometheinertia惯性oftheearth'sclimatE.Ifthisisrightthewarmingeffectofcarbondioxidemightthusbeservingasausefulopposedbalancetothesun'sfadingheat.66.Itcanbeconcludedthataconcentrationofcarbondioxideintheatmospherewould_________.A.meanawarming-upintheAntarcticB.raisethetemperatureoftheearth'ssurfaceC.preventthesun'sraysfromreachingtheearth'ssurfaceD.explainthecauseofgreatchangesintheclimateinthenorthernhemisphere67.Thearticlewaswrittentoexplain___________.A.thegreenhouseeffectB.thesolareffectsontheearthC.thecausesaffectingweatherD.themodelsofsolar-weatherinteractions68.Althoughthefuelconsumptionisgreaterinthenorthernhemispheretemperaturesthereseemtobefalling.Thisis__________.A.mainlybecausethelevelsofcarbondioxidearerisingB.partlyduetochangesintheoutputofsolarenergyC.possiblybecausetheicecapsinthepolesaremeltingD.onlyduetotheeffectoftheinertiaoftheearth'sclimate69.Onthebasisoftheirmodelsscientistsbelievetheopinionthat__________.A.theclimateoftheworldshouldbebecomingcoolerB.thenewIceAgewillbedelayedbythegreenhouseeffectC.theman-madewarmingeffecthelpstoincreasethesolareffectsD.itwilltakethousandsofyearsfortheinertiaoftheearth'sclimatetotakeeffect70.IftheassumptionaboutthedelayofanewIceageiscorrect____________.A.icewouldsooncoverthenorthernhemisphereB.thegreenhouseeffectcouldworkinfavoroftheearthC.thebestwaytoovercomethecoolingeffectwouldbetoburnmorefuelsD.theincreasedlevelsofcarbondioxideintheatmospherecouldwarmuptheearthevenmorequickly

Todayabout70countriesuseDaylightSavingTimeDST.DaylightSavingwasfirstintroducedduringWorldWarIinAustraliA.DuringtheworldwarsDSTwasusedforthelatesummersbeginningJanuary1917and1942andthefullsummersbeginningSeptember1942and1943.In1967Tasmaniaexperiencedadrought干旱.TheStateGovernmentintroducedonehourofdaylightsavingthatsummerasawayofsavingpowerandwater.TasmanianslikedtheideaofdaylightsavingandtheTasmanianGovernmenthasdeclareddaylightsavingeachsummersince1968.PersuadedbytheTasmanianGovernmentallstatesexcepttwopassedalawin1971foratestuseofdaylightsaving.In1972NewSouthWalesSouthAustraliaandVictoriajoinedTasmaniaforregulardaylightsavingbutQueenslanddidnotdosountil1989.TasmaniaQueenslandandSouthAustraliahavehadirregularplansoftenchangingtheirdatesduetopoliticsorfestivals节日.Forexamplein1992Tasmaniaextended延长daylightsavingbyanextramonthwhileSouthAustraliabeganextendingdaylightsavingbytwoweeksfortheAdelaideFestival.SpecialdaylightsavingplansweremadeduringtheSydney2000OlympicGames.ThedifferencesindaylightsavinginAustraliacontinuetocauseseriousproblemsintransportandmanyothersocialactivities.Italsoreducesthenumberofhoursintheworkingdaythatarecommontoallcentersinthecountry.Inparticulartimedifferencesalongtheeastcoastcausemajordifferencesespeciallyforthebroadcastersofnationalradioandtelevision.DaylightSavingTimewasintroducedinTasmania_______________.A.tostopthedroughtin1967B.tosupportgovernmentofficialsC.topassaspeciallawinthestateD.tosavewaterandelectricityAccordingtothetextwhichstatewasthelasttouseDST?A.VictoriA.B.QueenslanD.C.SouthAustraliA.D.NewSouthWales.WhatcanwelearnaboutDSTinsomeAustralianstates?A.Itdoesn’thavefixeddates.B.Itisnotusedinfestivals.C.Itsplanwaschangedin2000.D.Itlastsfortwoweeks.WhatdoweknowabouttheuseofDSTfromthelastparagraph?A.Thereexistsomeundesirableeffects.B.Ithelpslittletosaveenergy.C.Itbringsaboutlongerworkingdays.D.RadioandTVprogramsbecomedifferent.

Imagineyou’reatapartyfullofstrangers.You’renervous.Whoarethesepeople?Howdoyoustartaconversation?Fortunatelyyou’vegotathingthatsendsoutenergyattinychipsineveryone’snametag标签.Thechipssendbacknamejobhobbiesandthetimeavailableformeeting-whatever.MakingnewfriendsbecomessimpleThishasn’tquitehappenedinreallifE.ButtheworldisalreadyexperiencingarevolutionusingRFIDtechnology.AnRFIDtagwithatinychipcanbefixedinaproductunderyourpet’sskinevenunderyourownskin.PassiveRFIDtagshavenoenergysource-batteriesbecausetheydonotneedit.Theenergycomesfromthereaderascanningdevicethatsendsoutenergyforexampleradiowavesthatstartsupthetagimmediately.SuchatagcarriesinformationspecifictothatobjectandthedatacanbeupdateD.AlreadyRFIDtechnologyisusedforrecognizingeachcarortruckontheroadanditmightappearinyourpassport.Doctorscanputatinychipundertheskinthatwillhelplocateandobtainapatient’smedicalrecords.AtanightclubinParisorinNewYorkthesamechipgetsyouintotheVIPveryimportantpersonsectionandpaysforthebillwiththewaveofanarm.Takeastepback:10or12yearsagoyouwouldhaveheardaboutthecomingageofcomputing.Oneexamplealwaysseemedtosurface:Yourrefrigeratorwouldknowwhenyouneededtobuymoremilk.TheconceptwasthatcomputerchipscouldbeputeverywhereandsendinformationinasmartnetworkthatwouldmakeordinarylifesimplerRFIDtagsareasmallpartofthisphenomenon.TheworldisgoingtobealooselycoupledsetofindividualsmalldevicesconnectedwirelesslypredictsDr.J.Reich.Humanrightsupportersarenervousaboutthepossibilitiesofsuchtechnology.ItgoestoofartrackingschoolkidsthroughRFIDtagstheysay.Weimagineaworldinwhichabeercompanycouldfindoutnotonlywhenyouboughtabeerbutalsowhenyoudrankit.Andhowmanybeers.Accompaniedbyhowmanybiscuits.w*w*WhenMarconiinventedradiohethoughtitwouldbeusedforship-to-shorecommunication.NotforpopmusiC.WhoknowshowRFIDandrelatedtechnologieswillbeusedinthefuturE.Here’sawildguess:Notforbuyingmilk.1.Thearticleisintendedto______.A.warnpeopleofthepossiblerisksinadoptingRFIDtechnologyB.explainthebenefitsbroughtaboutbyRFIDtechnologyC.convincepeopleoftheusesofRFIDtechnologyD.predicttheapplicationsofRFIDtechnology2.WeknowfromthepassagethatwiththehelpofRFIDtagspeople.A.willhavenotroublegettingdataaboutothersB.willhavemoreenergyforconversationC.willhavemoretimetomakefriendsD.won’tfeelshyatpartiesanylonger3.PassiveRFIDtagschieflyconsistof.A.scanningdevicesB.radiowavesC.batteriesD.chips4.WhyaresomepeopleworriedaboutRFIDtechnology?A.Becausechildrenwillbetrackedbystrangers.B.BecausemarketcompetitionwillbecomemorefiercE.C.BecausetheirprivateliveswillbegreatlyaffecteD.D.Becausecustomerswillbeforcedtobuymoreproducts.5.ThelastparagraphimpliesthatRFIDtechnology.A.willnotbeusedforsuchmattersasbuyingmilkB.willbewidelyusedincludingforbuyingmilkC.willbelimitedtocommunicationusesD.willprobablybeusedforpopmusic

WhilescientistsareworriedthathumansarecausinghighertemperaturesontheEarthaMarylandmanAcethinkswecansavetheworldbyspraying喷射hugeamountsofwaterintotheair.AcetoldtheMcClatchyNewsServicethatatleast1000placesshouldbechosentospraywater.Thewaterwouldbesprayedbetween20and200feetintotheair.ThousandsoftonsofseawaterwouldbesprayedforyearsatatimE.The1000siteswouldbepickedaftermorestudies.TheywouldbemostlyintheNorthernHemisphere北半球.Acesayshewouldavoidtropical热带的areasoftheglobE.Hesayswaterturnstoraintooquicklyintheseareasforhisplantowork.Thewaterwouldbechangedintovapor.Thatprocessrequiresheat.ThewatervaporwouldriseabovetheEarth.Thewatervaporwouldformclouds.Thecloudswouldhelpinseveralways.TheywouldcooltheEarthbyreflectingsunlight.Theywouldlaterturnintorains.TherainswouldprovideanotherwayofcoolingtheEarth.Ace’splanhasgottensomesupportfromalimitedscientificstudy.KennethCaldeiraisaclimatescientist.HeworksattheCarnegieInstitution’sDepartmentofGlobalEcologyatStanfordUniversityinCaliforniA.CaldeiratestedsomeoftheAce’sfiguresonacomputerprogram.ThecomputermodelisusedbytopscientiststostudyglobalclimatechangE.Themodelshowedthattheplanmightwork.Moretestsareplannedin2009.IdeaslikeAce’sshouldbeconsideredcarefullyandwithanopenmindCalderirasaiD.Everybrilliant卓越的inventioninthehistoryoftechnologylookedalittlebitmadwhenfirstputforwarD.65.What’sthepurposeofAce’splan?A.Toreduceairpollution.B.Tomakesummercooler.C.Toofferdryareasmorerain.D.Tosolvetheproblemofglobalwarming.66.AccordingtoAce’splan___________.A.planeswouldbeusedtospraywater.B.itwouldbebesttospraywateronrainydays.C.seawaterwouldbesprayedhighintotheskyD.1000sitesintheSouthernHemispherewouldbechosen.67.Whywouldn’tAcespraywaterintropicalareas?A.Waterischangedintovaportooquickly.B.Waterturnstoraintooquickly.C.Itishardforvaportoformclouds.D.Itisbadforlocalplantstohavetoomuchrain.68.ItseemsthatCaldeira____________.A.takesAce’splanseriouslyB.thinksAce’sideatoocrazyC.doesn’tbelievethecomputer’sresultD.agreestocarryoutAce’splanrightaway

Cloningissuggestedasameansofbringingbackarelativeusuallyachildkilledtragically.SomeparentscanunderstandthatwishbutitmustfirstberecognizedthatthecopywouldbeanewbabyandnotthelostchilD.HereliesthedifficultyforthesadparentsareseekingnotanewbabybutareturnofthedeadonE.Sincetheoriginalwouldbefondlyrememberedashavingparticulartalentsandinterestswouldnottheparentsexpectthecopytobethesame?Itispossiblehoweverthatthecopywoulddevelopquitedifferently.Isitfairtothenewchildtobeplacedinafamilywithsuchunnaturalexpectations?Copyingisalsosuggestedasameansbywhichparentscanhavethechildoftheirdreams.Couplesmightchoosetohaveacopyofafilmstarbaseballplayerorscientistdependingontheirinterest.Butbecausepersonalityisonlypartlytheresultofgeneticinheritance遗传conflictswouldbesuretoariseiftheclonedchildfailedtodevelopthesameinterestsastheoriginal.WhatifthecopyofEinsteinshowsnointerestinscience?Orthebaseballplayerturnstoacting?SuccessalsodependsuponfortunE.Whatifthechilddoesnotliveuptothehopesanddreamsoftheparentssimplybecauseofbadluck?Everychildshouldbewantedforitselfasanindividual.Inmakingacopyofoneselforsomefamouspersonaparentisdeliberately深思熟虑地specifying详细说明thewayheorshewishesthatchildtodevelop.InrecentyearsparticularlyintheU.S.muchimportancehasbeenplacedontherightofindividualstoreproduceinwaysthattheywish.SoIsuggestthereisagreaterneedtoconsidertheinterestsofthechildandtorejecttheseproposedusesofcloning.40.Whathappenstoparentsincloningalostchild?A.Parentsexpecttoomuchfromthecopy.B.Parentsmaygetaquitedifferentcopy.C.Parentsaresuretohaveanidenticalcopy.D.ParentslosethetalentsofthelostchilD.41.Whatintheauthor’sopinionaffectsthesuccessofparents’dreams?A.Theclonedchild’sinterestinEinstein.B.Theclonedchild’snaturaltalent.C.Theclonedchild’spersonality.D.Theeffortsoftheparents.42.Inthethirdparagraphtheauthorimpliesthat______.A.theclonedchildisviewedasindependentB.therightofgrowinginhisownwayistakenawayfromtheclonedchildC.parentscarefullyprotecttherightsoftheclonedchildD.parentsareeagertowishtheclonedchildtobesomebody.43.Inthispassagetheauthorismainlyconcernedabout______.A.thefutureofaclonedchildB.thepossibilityofcloningpeopleC.theimportanceofcloningalostchildD.theproblemsofcloninglife

第三部分阅读理解共20小题每小题2分满分40分AForestshavealwaysbeenusefulandimportanttomanwhomakeuseoftheminmanyways.EverydaytreesareservingmaneverywherE.Treessupplymanwithfruitsandbuildingmaterialsintheformofwoodwithouttreesitwouldbeimpossibletobuildhousesboatsbridgesandsoon.Furnituresuchasdeskschairsandbedsismadeofwoodtreescanstopmanfromterribleheat.They'realsousefulinpreventinggoodandrichtopsoilfrombeingwashedawayduringheavyrains.Iftherewerenotreesheavyrainswouldwashawaytherichsurfacesoilthatissoimportanttoplants.Theresultisthatthelandwillbecomeadesert.ThereareplentyofdesertareasintheworlD.A.longtimeagothesedesertareasusedtobeveryrichareasbutmaninthepasthadnoenoughknowledgeaboutscienceofnaturetheycutdowntoomanytreesintheareawheretheylivedandneverplantednewones.Byandbytherichsurfacesoilwasblownandwashedawaybystrongwindsandheavyrains.Intheendtherichlandchangedintouselessdesertswherenothingcouldgrow.56.Accordingtothepassage__________.A.alongtimeagomandidn'tknowhowtomakeuseofwoodB.treesarenotasusefulastheywereinthepastC.treesweremorefoundinthepastthantheyaretodayD.peoplehavealwaysfoundtreesuseful57.Topsoilmeans____________andis.A.uselesssoil;ofnouseforplantsB.soilonthesurfaceoftheearth;goodforplantsC.soilfoundundertheearth;foundundertherootsoftreesD.drysoilinthedesertareas;badforplants58.Somedesertswereonce__________.A.verygoodlandsB.coveredbyiceC.verycoldD.dryanduseless59.Iftherewerenotrees______________.A.thelandwouldbecomebetterB.heavyrainswouldbeverycleanC.therichsoilcouldn'tbekeptD.therewouldn'tanyplants60.Fromthepassageweknowthatmanmust__________.A.donothingtokeepthebalanceofnatureB.takehisbesttokeepthebalanceofnatureC.tryhisbesttokeepthebalanceofnatureD.dohisbesttostopthebalanceofnature

DTherecentapparentlysuccessfulpredictionbymathematicalmodelsofanappearanceofElNino—thewarmoceanHowthatperiodicallydevelopsalongthePacificcoastofSouthAmericahasexcitedresearchers.JacobBjerknespointedoutyearsagohowwindsmightcreateeitherabnormallywarmorabnormallycoldwaterintheeasternequatorial赤道附近的PacifiC.NeverthelessbeforethecreationofthemodelsnoonecouldexplainwhyconditionsshouldregularlychangebetweenappearancesofthewarmElNinoandtheso-calledanti-ElNino.Theansweratleastifthecurrentmodelthatlinksthebehavioroftheoceantothatoftheatmosphereiscorrectistobefoundintheocean.IthaslongbeenknownthatduringanElNinotwoconditionsexist:unusuallywarmwaterextendsalongtheeasternPacificandwindsblowfromthewestintothewarmerairrisingoverthewarmwaterintheeast.ThecontributionofthemodelistoshowthatthewindsofanElNinowhichraisesealevelintheeastsendasignaltothewestloweringsealevelatthesametimE.Accordingtothemodelthatsignaliscreatedasanegative负的Rossbywaveawaveoflowersealevelthatmoveswestwardparalleltotheequatorat25to85kilometersperday.TakingmonthstomoveacrossthePacificRossbywavesmarchtothewesternboundaryofthePacificbasinwhichismodeledasasmootliwallbutinrealityconsistsofquiteirregularislandchains.WhenthewavesmeetthewesternboundarytheyarereflectedandthemodelpredictsthatRossbywaveswillbebrokenintomanycoastalKelvinwavescarryingthesamenegativesea-levelsignal.TheseeventuallyshoottowardtheequatorandthenheadeastwardalongtheequatordrovebytheearthatA.speedofabout.250kilometersperday.WhenenoughKelvinwavesofadequateamplitude振幅arrivefromthewesternPacifictheirnegativesea-levelsignalovercomesthefeedbackmechanismraisingthesealevelandtheybegintodrivethesystemintotheoppositecoldmodE.Thisproducesagradualchangeinwindsonethatwilleventuallysendpositivesea-levelRossbywaveswestwardwavesthatwilleventuallyreturnascoldcycle—endingpositiveKelvinwavesbeginninganotherwarmingcyclE.67.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.HowRossbywavesarefounD.B.WhereElNinoisformeD.C.Whatthemodelspredict.D.Howthemodelswork.68.WheredoesElNinooftenappear?A.AlongthewesterncoastoftheUSA.B.InthePacificinthesouthoftheequator.C.InthePacificinthenorthoftheequator.D.AlongthesoutherncoastofSouthAmericA.69.Whatisrightaccordingtothepassage?A.RossbywavesandKelvinwavesmoveinoppositedirectionsalongtheequator.B.PeoplecouldexplainElNinobeforethecreationofthemathematicalmodels.C.Adequatesea-levelwavescanproducewestwardpositivecoldcyclE.D.ThespeedofRossbywavesisfasterthanthatofKelvinwaves.70.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordwavesinParagraph3referto?A.Kelvinwaves.B.Sea-levelsignals.C.Coastalwaves.D.Rossbywaves.

Therearerobotsallaroundus.Somedoverycomplicatedjobslikeflyingairplanesanddrivingsubwaytrains.andsomedoonesimplejoB.Whenanautomaticwashingmachineisswitchedonwaterpoursin.Themachinewaitsuntilthewateriswarmenoughforwashingclothes.Itdoesthisbyfeedback反馈.Informationaboutwhatishappeningisfeedbackintotherobottotellwhattodonext.Oureyesearsandothersensesareourfeedback.Theytelluswhatisgoingonaroundus.Sorobotsarelikehumanbeingsintwoways.Theyworkandtheyhavefeedback.Insomewaysrobotsarebetterthanhumanbeings.Theyworkquicklyanddonotmakemistakes.Theydonotgetboreddoingthesamejoboverandoveragain.AndtheynevergettireD.Sorobotsareveryusefulinfactories.Theycanbetaughttodomanydifferentjobs.FirsttheirelectronicbrainmustbeshownhowthejobisdonE.A.personmovestherobot’sarmsandhandsthrougheachpartofthejoB.ThemostintelligentrobotscanmoveandseE.Theireyesarecameras.Theirfingerscanfeelshapesandsizesoftheobjects.Theserobotshavecomputerbrainslinkedtotheireyesandfingerswhichcontroltheiractions.Theexpensiverobotsareusedinscientificresearch.Theydosuchjobashandlingradioactivematerials.Inthispassagetheauthortellsusthat________.A.robotsareverypopularB.therearevariouskindsofrobotsC.weseerobotsonlyatcertaintimesD.robotscanbeeasilycontrolledWhatdoestheauthorseemtoinformyouaboutrobots?A.TheyshouldbegreatlyimproveD.B.TheywillprobablytakeoverinthefuturE.C.Theyareveryhelpfulandusefultohumans.D.Theyaremachinesthatbreakdownalot.Theauthorsaysthatinindustry________.A.robotsbreakdownalotB.robotscandomanyjobsC.robotsonlygetinthewayD.robotssometimescausetroublesThefactthatarobotnevergetsboreddoingthesamejobmeansthat_______.A.itisverymuchlikehumanbeingsB.itcandoboringjobsforpeopleC.itwillneverborepeopleD.itwillworkmuchbetterthanhumanbeingsTherobotsusedforscientificresearch_______.A.arenotverycleverB.areverycheapC.areverybigD.areverycostly

Helpingsurvivors生还者oftheearthquakeandkillerwavesintheIndianOceanlastweekisaraceagainsttimesaysKofiAnnantheUnitedNationssecretary-general.Theconcernaboutoffersofinternationalaidisbasedonhistory.Sincewearesocialbeingsthequalityofourlivesdependsinlargemeasureonourinterpersonalrelationships.Onestrengthofthehumanconditionisouraimtogiveandreceivesupportfromoneanotherunderstressfulsurroundings.Socialsupportconsistsoftheexchangeofresourcesamongpeoplebasedontheirinterpersonalties.Thoseofuswithstrongsupportsystemsappearbetterabletodealwithmajorlifechangesanddailyproblems.Peoplewithstrongsocialtieslivelongerandhavebetterhealththanthosewithoutsuchties.Studiesoverarangeofillnessesfromdepressiontoheartdiseaseshowthatthepresenceofsocialsupporthelpspeoplepreventillnessandtheabsenceofsuchsupportmakespoorhealthmorelikely.Socialsupportcushionsstressinanumberofways.Firstfriendsrelativesandco-workersmayletusknowthattheyvalueus.Ourself-respectisstrengthenedwhenwearepopularwithothersdespiteourfaultsanddifficulties.Secondotherpeopleoftenprovideuswithinformationalsupport.Theyhelpustonoticeandunderstandourproblemsandfindsolutionstothem.ThirdwetypicallyfindsocialcompanionshipsupportivE.Engaginginleisure-timeactivitieswithothershelpsustomeetoursocialneedswhileatthesametimedistracting转移...注意力usfromourworriesandtroubles.Finallyotherpeoplemaygiveusinstrumentalsupport:afinancialaidmaterialresourcesandneededservices--thatreducesstressbyhelpingusdealwithourproblems.59.Researchshowsthatpeople'sphysicalandmentalhealth_______.A.dependsonthesocialwelfare福利systemswhichsupportthemB.hasmuchtodowiththeamountofsupporttheygetfromothersC.dependsontheirabilitytodealwithdailyworriesandtroublesD.iscloselyrelatedtotheirstrengthfordealingwithmajorchangesintheirlives60.TheunderlinedwordcushionsinParA.3means_______.A.addsuptoB.doesawaywithC.reducetheeffectofD.dependson61.Helpingasickneighborwithsomerepairworkisanexampleof_______.A.instrumentalsupportB.informationalsupportC.socialcompanionshipD.thestrengtheningofself-respect62.Socialcompanionshipisveryimportantbecause_______.A.ithelpsstrengthenourtieswithrelativesB.itenablesustogetridofourfaultsandmistakesC.itmakesourleisure-timeactivitiesmoreenjoyableD.itdrawsourattentionawayfromourworriesandtroubles

HowLongCanPeopleLive?Shetookupskatingatage85madeherfirstmovieappearanceatage114andheldaconcertintheneighborhoodonher121stbirthday.WhenitcomestolonglifeJeanneCalmentistheworld’srecordholder.Shelivedtotheripeoldageof122.Sois122theupperlimittothehumanlifespan寿命?Ifscientistscomeupwithsomesortofpillordietthatwouldslowagingcouldwepossiblymakeitto150－orbeyond?Researchersdon’tentirelyagreeontheanswers.Calmentlivedto122soitwouldn’tsurprisemeifsomeonealivetodayreaches130or135saysJerryShayattheUniversityofTexas.SteveAustadattheUniversityofTexasagrees.Peoplecanlivemuchlongerthanwethinkhesays.Expertsusedtosaythathumanscouldn’tlivepast110.WhenCalmentblewpastthatagetheyraisedthenumberto120.Sowhycan’twegohigher?Thetroublewithguessinghowoldpeoplecanlivetobeisthatit’salljustguessing.AnyonecanmakeupanumbersaysRichMillerattheUniversityofMichigan.UsuallythescientistwhopicksthehighestnumbergetshisnameinTimemagazinE.Won’tnewanti-agingtechniqueskeepusaliveforcenturies?AnycuresaysMillerforagingwouldprobablykeepmostofuskickinguntilabout120.Researchersareworkingontreatmentsthatlengthenthelifespanofmiceby50percentatmost.Soiftheaveragehumanlifespanisabout80yearssaysMilleraddinganother50percentwouldgetyouto120.Sowhatcanweconcludefromthislittledisagreementamongtheresearchers?Thatlifespanisflexible有弹性的butthereisalimitsaysGeorgeMartinoftheUniversityofWashington.Wecangetfliestolive50percentlongerhesays.Butafly’snevergoingtolive150years.Ofcourseifyoubecameanewspecies物种onethatagesataslowerspeedthatwouldbeadifferentstoryheadds.DoesMartinreallybelievethathumanscouldevolve进化theirwaytolongerlife?It’sprettycooltothinkabouthesayswithasmilE.72.WhatdoesthestoryofJeanneCalmentprovetous?A.Peoplecanliveto122.B.OldpeoplearecreativE.C.Womenaresportyat85.D.Womenlivelongerthanmen.73.AccordingtoSteveAustadattheUniversityofTexas______.A.theaveragehumanlifespancouldbe110B.scientistscannotfindwaystoslowagingC.fewpeoplecanexpecttolivetoover150D.researchersarenotsurehowlongpeoplecanlive74.Whowouldagreethatascientistwillbecomefamousifhemakesthewildestguessatlongevity?A.JerryShay.B.SteveAustadC.RichMillerD.GeorgeMartin75.Whatcanweinferfromthelastthreeparagraphs?A.Mostofuscouldbegoodatsportsevenat120.B.TheaveragehumanlifespancannotbedoubledC.ScientistsbelievemiceareagingataslowerspeedthanbeforE.D.Newtechniquescouldbeusedtochangefliesintoanewspecies

CLiveEarthAnnounces2010GlobalEvent!ThisisthewebversionoftheOctober152009LiveEarthemailtomembers.Clickheretojoinandreceivebi-weeklyupdatesfromLiveEarth.LiveEarthispleasedtoannouncethelargestworldwidewaterinitiative倡议inhistorytohelpfighttheglobalwatercrisis.TheDowLiveEarthRunforWater—totakeplaceonApril182010—willconsistofaseriesof6kmrun/walkstheaveragedistancemanywomenandchildrenwalkeverydaytogetwatertakingplaceoverthecourseof24hoursincountriesaroundtheworldfeaturingconcertsandwatereducationactivitiesraisingawarenessandfundstohelpsolvethewatercrisis.JessicaBielAlexandraCousteauPeteWentzAngeliqueKidjoandJennyFletcherwilllendtheirnamesandtheirtimeinsupportofthisglobalevent.WatershortageisamajorissueaffectingcountriescommunitiesandfamiliesallovertheworlD.Oneineightpeopledoesn’thaveaccesstosafecleandrinkingwater.CommunitiesinAfricaLatinAmericaandAsiasuffer1.8milliondeathseveryyearfromdiarrheal腹泻diseasesandthedeathof5000childreneachdayduetoinadequatewaterinfrastructure基础设施.Intheseareaswomenandchildrenareforcedtowalk6km3.7mileseachdaytogetwaterthatislikelyunsuitablefordrinking.Howeverthewatercrisisisnotonlylimitedtodevelopingnations.AddingtotheseexistingissuestheeffectsofclimatechangeareincreasinglyimpactingbothsupplyandqualityofavailablefreshwaterthroughouttheworlD.In60%ofEuropeancitieswithpopulationsgreaterthan100000groundwaterisbeingusedfasterthanitcanbereplenished补充.By2025two-thirdsoftheworld’spopulationcouldbelivingunderwater-stressedconditions.YoucanhelpsolvethewatercrisisbyparticipatingintheApril18thevent.Run/walkregistrationisnowofficiallyopen!Signupnowathttp://liveearth.org/run.Thanksandbesuretovisitliveearth.orgforthelatestonTheDowLiveEarthRunforWaterconservationtipsandmore!FollowLiveEarthon:64.WhichofthefollowingactivitieswilltheDowLiveEarthorganizeonApril182010?A.ReceivingthelatestnewsfromLiveEarth.B.Puttingonmusicalperformances.C.Callingonpopstarstowalk6kmtogetwater.D.Lendingnamesandtimetosupporttheevent.65.Accordingtothepassagewhichofthestatementsistrue?A.Youcanturntohttp://liveearth.orgforwaterprotectiontips.B.JessicaBielcan’ttakepartintheeventevenifshesignsup.C.TheinformationonLiveEarthisupdatedeverymonth.D.Everyyear1.8millionpeopleintheworlddiefromthediseaserelatedtodirtywater.66.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat__________.A.by2010two-thirdsoftheworld’spopulationwillbeshortofwaterB.wecansolvethewatercrisisbytakingpartintheApril18theventC.seven-eighthsofthepeopleinAsiacanhaveaccesstosafecleandrinkingwaterD.therearedifferentchannelsforpeopletogetaccesstoLiveEarth

In1990PeterSaloveyPh.D.andJohnMayerPh.D.coinedthetermEmotionalIntelligencE.Theirresearchhasopenedmanypeople’seyestothefactthatEQoremotionalquotientholdsthekeytoone’shappinessandwellbeingandhelpedustorealizethatouremotionalmakeupcanbesomuchmoreimportantthanourmentalorwhatwerefertoasIQ—intelligentquotient.IQisessentialforlearningandmentaldevelopmentandEQismuchmoreimportantforhappinessandsuccess.SometimeagoastudydoneintheUnitedStatesprovedthatdoctorswhowereimpatientanddidnotexhibitmuchcaretowardstheirpatientsweremorelikelytobesued起诉formalpractice渎职whereasdoctorswhowerecaringandattentivetotheirpatientswerelesslikelytobesuedeveniftheymadeacriticalmistakE.A.womanwrotetonewspaperrecentlytellingaboutherbrother.Hewasapparentlyageniusbutdidnotgetalongwithpeoplequiteveryjobhestartedandeventuallybecameataxidriver.ThesearejustafewexamplesofpeoplewithhighIQbutlowEQ.Wehaveallknownpeoplewhodidnotcompletecollegebutwhohavebecomeverysuccessfulinbusiness.Wecallthemstreetsmart.Wealsoknowpeoplewhoonthewholearepositivecommunicativepleasantandsupportive—thesepeopleenjoyahighlevelofEQ.ManypeoplewishtoimprovetheirEQforthepurposeofbecominghappiermoresuccessfulandatthesametimemorebalancedindividuals.TheremarkablethingaboutEQisthatitcanalwaysatanyagebeimprovedunlikeIQwhichremainsmoreorlessfixedinadultlifE.NowpsychologistsstartworkshopsfocusingonshowingpeoplehowtoincreasetheirEQ.Thisenablesthemtoaccomplishtheirdreamsanddesiresridthemselvesofnegativepatternsandshowsthemthatoncetheymastertheirinnerworldtheirouterworldbecomesmuchbetter.47.Inthesecondparagraphtheauthorgivesustwoexamplestoshowthat_____.A.doctorsintheUnitedStatesareofteninvolvedincasesB.workingasataxidriverintheUnitedStatesrequireshighEQC.thosewithhighIQareoftenengagedinthelow-rankworkD.thosewithlowEQhaveahardertimesurvivinginlife48.Whichofthefollowingcan’tbeusedtodescribethepeoplewithahighlevelofEQ?A.TheyarepositivecommunicativepleasantandsupportivE.B.Theyareoptimisticanduntroubledbydifficulties.C.Theyareimpatientandshowlittlecaretowardsothers.D.Theymaybeverysuccessfulinbusiness.49.Itcanbeinferredthatpredictingfuturesuccesses______.A.aperson’sbrainpowermightactuallymatterlessthanaperson’scharacterB.aperson’sIQmightbemoreimportantthanaperson’sEQC.IQplaysanimportantroleaswellasEQD.bothIQandEQarethekeypointsthatshouldbeconsidered50.WhichoffollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.PeoplewithhighIQarelikelytogainknowledgequickly.B.AtworkEQgetsyouhiredeasilyandIQgetsyoupromoteD.C.HavingahighIQwillhelpusinsomewaysbuthavingahighEQmighthelpusevenmorE.D.People’sEQcouldberaisedmuchmorethantheirIQ.